JP2021011794A - Rockfall prevention structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rockfall prevention structure with high safety and reliability which makes it possible to prevent a net material and a main wire from bending and breaking due to the load of the captured rockfall.SOLUTION: A rockfall prevention structure has a net material that covers an inclined surface, a main wire that divides the net material into rectangular shapes, a fixing member that fixes the corners of the rectangular divided net material to the inclined surface, and a reinforcing member that connects one or more selected fixing members among the fixing members provided at the corners of the rectangular shape and the main wire arranged below the fixing member in the inclination direction.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 11

Description

The present invention relates to a rockfall prevention structure installed on an inclined surface where there is a risk of rockfall.

Generally, a rockfall prevention structure is installed on a slope such as a mountain where there is a risk of rockfall, and prevents a disaster due to rockfall. As this rockfall prevention structure, for example, in Patent Document 1, a net material installed on an inclined surface in a target range, a main wire material composed of a vertical rope and a horizontal rope for reinforcing and holding the net material, and a net material are used. A rockfall prevention net including a connecting member for connecting main wires to each other and an anchor for installing on an inclined surface is disclosed.

JP-A-2018-71211

Like the rockfall prevention net disclosed in Patent Document 1, the conventional rockfall prevention structure has a structure of holding the rockfall captured only by the wire mesh, the vertical rope, and the horizontal rope. Therefore, depending on the magnitude of the rockfall load, the wire mesh and the rockfall prevention structure The rope may bend and break.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and can suppress a situation in which the net material and the main wire are bent and damaged by the load of the captured rock fall, and can provide a highly safe and reliable rock fall prevention structure. The purpose is to provide.

The rockfall prevention structure according to the present invention is a rockfall prevention structure installed on an inclined surface, and is divided into a rectangular shape, a net material covering the inclined surface, a main wire rod for partitioning the net material in a rectangular shape, and a rectangular shape. One or more of the fixing members for fixing the corners of the net material to the inclined surface and the fixing members provided for the rectangular corners, and the fixing members inclined more than the fixing members. It has a reinforcing member for connecting the main wire and the main wire arranged below in the direction.

The rockfall prevention structure according to the present invention includes one or a plurality of selected fixing members among the fixing members provided at the corners of the rectangular shape, and a main wire rod arranged below the fixing member in the inclination direction. Since it has a reinforcing member that connects, the stress received by the net material and the main wire can be transmitted to the fixing member through the reinforcing member, and the rockfall is dispersed and transmitted to a plurality of fixing members. The generated tension can be reduced. Therefore, since the falling rock can be safely held, it is possible to suppress the situation where the net material and the main wire are bent or damaged due to the load of the falling rock, and a highly safe and reliable structure can be realized.

It is explanatory drawing which showed the state which installed the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment on the inclined surface such as a mountain. It is a front view which showed schematicly the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. It is a partially enlarged view which showed the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. It is a partially enlarged view which showed the net material of the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. (A) is a front view showing the coupling coil of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment, and (B) is the side view showing the coupling coil of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the part which provided the joint member in the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. It is a Y line arrow view of FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part A shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view which looked at the part B shown in FIG. 8 from the upper side. It is an enlarged view of the part C shown in FIG. It is a partially enlarged view which shows the state which it is the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment, and the reinforcing member is provided in the square which is divided by the main wire. It is an enlarged view of the part D shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part E shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the part E shown in FIG. 11 as seen from the side direction. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement pattern of the reinforcing member which is the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement pattern of the reinforcing member which is the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement pattern of the reinforcing member which is the rockfall prevention structure which concerns on embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified as appropriate. In addition, the shape, size, arrangement, etc. of the configurations shown in each figure can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention.

Embodiment.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment is installed on an inclined surface such as a mountain. FIG. 2 is a front view schematically showing the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged view showing the net material of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment is installed on an inclined surface 101 such as a mountain where there is a risk of rockfall, and is for preventing a disaster due to rockfall. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the rockfall prevention structure 100 includes a net material 1 that covers the inclined surface 101, a main wire 2 that divides the net material 1 into a rectangular shape, and a net material 1 that is divided into a rectangular shape. It has a fixing member 3 for fixing the corner portion of the above to the inclined surface 101.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the net material 1 is a high-strength wire net formed by knitting a plurality of wire rods in a rhombus shape. As an example, the high-strength wire mesh has a wire diameter of about 3.2 mm and a tensile strength of the wire of 850 N / mm ² or more. Incidentally, as an example, the net material of the rockfall prevention structure that is generally used has a wire diameter of about 3.2 mm and a tensile strength of the wire of about 290 N / mm ² . In the rock fall prevention structure 100 of the present embodiment, the net material 1 is a high-strength wire mesh to increase the strength against the load of rock fall. Further, by increasing the strength of the net material 1 as a high-strength wire mesh, the number of fixing members 3 for fixing the net material 1 to the inclined surface 101 can be reduced, so that the construction period at the time of construction can be shortened. The construction cost can be reduced. The net material 1 is not limited to the configuration using the wire rod having the above-mentioned wire diameter and tensile strength, and is configured by using the optimum wire rod as appropriate according to the construction situation. Further, the net material 1 is not limited to the wire net, and may be formed by knitting, for example, a rope or the like in a rhombus shape. Further, the stitches of the net material 1 are not limited to the rhombus shape, and may be, for example, a square or a rectangle.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the net material 1 is configured such that the angle θ of the rhombus facing the inclination direction X of the inclined surface 101 is about 60 degrees. By setting the angle θ to about 60 degrees, the number of intersections of the wire rods per m ² is compared with, for example, a general net material in which the angle of the rhombus facing the inclination direction X of the inclined surface 101 is about 85 degrees. Can be increased, and the load of falling rocks can be transmitted to the main wire 2 while being more dispersed. Further, since the wire density increases, the strength of the net material 1 can be increased. That is, in the rock fall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the net material 1 which is a high-strength wire mesh and whose rhombus angle θ facing the inclination direction X of the inclined surface 101 is about 60 degrees is used. , The amount of deformation due to the load of falling rocks can be suppressed, and disasters caused by falling rocks can be reliably prevented.

The main wire 2 is provided to transmit the load of falling rocks captured by the net 1 to the fixing member 3. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the main wire 2 includes a vertical wire 2A provided along the inclination direction X of the inclined surface 101, a horizontal wire 2B provided in a direction substantially orthogonal to the inclination direction X, and the like. The net material 1 is arranged so as to be partitioned in a quadrangular grid shape. As an example, the main wire 2 has a wire diameter of about 14 mm and a breaking strength of about 98 kN. The main wire 2 is not limited to the above-mentioned wire diameter and breaking strength, and is configured by using an appropriately suitable wire according to the construction situation. Incidentally, the main wire of the rockfall prevention structure that is generally used has a wire diameter of about 12 mm and a breaking strength of about 68.6 kN as an example.

As shown in FIG. 3, the main wire 2 divides the net material 1 so that the vertical and horizontal dimensions S ₁ × S ₂ of one square have a size of about 2.5 m × 2.5 m. For example, it is conceivable to increase the strength of the rockfall prevention structure 100 by making the vertical and horizontal dimensions of one square smaller than about 2.5 m × 2.5 m, but the number of main wire 2, main wire 2 and net material Since the number of fixing members 3 for fixing 1 and the number of other members are large, the construction cost is high and the construction period may be prolonged. In the rock fall prevention structure 100 of the present embodiment, the net material 1 made of the above-mentioned high-strength wire mesh is used, and the angle θ of the rhombus facing the inclination direction X of the inclined surface 101 is set to about 60 degrees. The vertical and horizontal dimensions of one square can be increased. Therefore, the construction period at the time of construction can be shortened, and the construction cost can be reduced. The shape of the squares and the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the squares are not limited to the above configuration. The shape of the squares formed by the main wire 2 may be rectangular, for example, rectangular, triangular, or polygonal or more pentagonal.

FIG. 5A is a front view showing the coupling coil of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. FIG. 5B is a side view showing the coupling coil of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 5, the main wire 2 is connected to the net 1 via a spiral coupling coil 4. The coupling coil 4 has an example wire diameter of 3.2 mm, a length of 300 mm, and a spiral outer diameter of 50 mm. In the case of the illustrated example, four coupling coils 4 are provided on each side of the square. The coupling coil 4 is wound around the main wire 2 and the net 1 while being rotated so as to be entangled with the main wire 2 and the net 1. The dimensions and the number of coupling coils 4 to be installed are not limited to the illustrated configuration. The coupling coil 4 may have a length of, for example, one side or two or more sides of a square.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment in which the joint member is provided. FIG. 7 is a view taken along the line Y of FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2, 3 and 6, joint members 5 for joining the main wire 2 and the fixing member 3 are provided at each location where the vertical wire 2A and the horizontal wire 2B constituting the main wire 2 intersect. Has been done.

As shown in FIG. 6, the joining member 5 is, for example, a cross anchor clip. The cross anchor clip 5 is composed of a pair of clip members 50 and 51 that sandwich the main wire rod 2. Two through holes 5a and 5b are formed in the pair of clip members 50 and 51. The shaft portion of the bolt 52 that connects the pair of clip members 50 and 51 is screwed into the one through hole 5a. The cross anchor clip 5 can firmly hold the main wire 2 by tightening the bolt 52 passed through the through hole 5a. Further, one end of the fixing member 3 fixed to the inclined surface 101 is inserted into the other through hole 5b and fixed. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the joining member 5 is provided with a through hole 5c for passing a wire rod between the through hole 5a for screwing the bolt 52 and the through hole 5b for fixing the fixing member 3. There is.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of part A shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion B shown in FIG. 8 as viewed from above. FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of C shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, winding grips 20 are attached to both ends of the vertical wire rod 2A constituting the main wire rod 2. The winding grip 20 is a fastener in which zinc or aluminum alloy plated steel wires formed in a spiral shape are bundled in parallel and integrated. The winding grip 20 has a ring portion 20a, and the ring portion 20a is attached to the joining member 5 through a through hole 5c of the joining member 5. That is, both ends of the vertical wire rod 2A are firmly held by being attached to the joining member 5 via the winding grip 20. Further, although not shown, both ends of the horizontal wire rod 2B constituting the main wire rod 2 are attached to the joining member 5 via the winding grip 20 and are firmly held. The vertical wire rod 2A and the horizontal wire rod 2B are not limited to the configuration in which they are attached to the joining member 5 via the winding grips 20 attached to both ends, and may be attached to the joining member 5 by using other members.

The joining member 5 may be provided at all the locations where the main wire 2 intersects, or may be provided only at the necessary locations among the locations where the main wire 2 intersects. In short, the number and location of the joining member 5 to be installed shall be appropriately selected and provided according to the construction situation.

The fixing member 3 fixes the net material 1 and the main wire 2 to the inclined surface 101. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 10, the fixing member 3 is, for example, a lock anchor for a bedrock portion, a pipe anchor for an underground portion, or the like, and the net material 1 and the main wire 2 are attached to an inclined surface 101 via a joining member 5. To be fixed to. The fixing member 3 is not limited to the lock anchor and the pipe anchor, and a well-known anchor or the like is selected and used according to the ground condition. After being driven into the inclined surface 101, the fixing member 3 is fixed by inserting one end into the through hole 5b of the joining member 5.

FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view showing a rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment, in which a reinforcing member is provided in the squares partitioned by the main wire rod 2. The net material 1 and the main wire material 2 may be bent and damaged depending on the magnitude of the load of falling rocks. Therefore, in the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, two fixing members 30 and 31 selected from the fixing members 3 provided at the corners of the partitioned square shape are used. It has a reinforcing member 6 for connecting the horizontal wire rod 2B of the main wire rod 2 arranged below the fixing members 30 and 31 in the inclination direction X.

As an example, the reinforcing member 6 uses a wire rod having the same configuration as that of the main wire rod 2. That is, the reinforcing member 6 is made of a wire having a wire diameter of 14 mm and a breaking strength of 98 kN. However, as the reinforcing member 6, a wire having an optimum wire diameter and breaking strength shall be used depending on the construction situation.

The reinforcing member 6 shown in FIG. 11 is composed of a first reinforcing wire rod 60 and a second reinforcing wire rod 61. The first reinforcing wire 60 connects the fixing member 30 located at the upper left corner of the square partitioned by the main wire 2 and the horizontal wire 2B forming the lower side of the square. The second reinforcing wire 61 connects the fixing member 31 located at the upper right corner of the square partitioned by the main wire 2 and the horizontal wire 2B forming the lower side of the square. The first reinforcing wire 60 and the second reinforcing wire 61 may be made of separate wires or may be made of one wire.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a portion D shown in FIG. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of part E shown in FIG. FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the portion E shown in FIG. 11 as viewed from the side direction. The first reinforcing wire 60 and the second reinforcing wire 61 have the same configuration for connecting the fixing member 30 and the horizontal wire 2B. Therefore, the configuration of the first reinforcing wire 60 will be mainly described, and the description of the second reinforcing wire 61 will be omitted.

As shown in FIG. 12, one end of the first reinforcing wire 60 is attached to the joining member 5, and the other end is attached to the horizontal wire 2B via the connecting member 7. As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, winding grips 62 are attached to both ends of the first reinforcing wire 60. A ring portion 62a is formed on the winding grip 62. As shown in FIG. 12, the first reinforcing wire rod 60 is attached to the joining member 5 by passing the ring portion 62a of the winding grip 62 through the through hole 5c of the joining member 5. In the first reinforcing wire 60, when the ring portion 20a of the main wire 2 is attached to the through hole 5c of the joining member 5, for example, the ring portion 62a is attached to another part of the joining member 5.

The first reinforcing wire 60 is not limited to the configuration in which it is attached to the joining member 5 via the winding grips 20 attached to both ends, and may be attached to the joining member 5 by using another member. Further, the first reinforcing wire rod 60 is not limited to a configuration in which the ring portion 62a is passed through the through hole 5c and attached to the joining member 5, and for example, the ring portion 62a may be attached to another portion of the joining member 5.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the reinforcing member 6 and the main wire 2 are joined via the connecting member 7. The connecting member 7 is, for example, a three-way clip. The three-way clip is composed of two rectangular plates 70 and 71 and a U-shaped bolt 72 that bolts the two stacked plates 70 and 71 together. Each plate 70 or 71 is formed with a recess 70a or 71a recessed along the lateral direction in the center of the longitudinal direction. The plates 70 and 71 are formed with through holes 73 through which the horizontal wire rod 2B is passed by abutting the recesses 70a and 71a. Further, the plates 70 and 71 are formed with bolt holes on both sides of the through hole 73. Shafts at both ends of the U-shaped bolt 72 are inserted into the bolt holes. The U-shaped bolt 72 is fixed by tightening nuts 74 from both sides of the plates 70 and 71. The first reinforcing wire rod 60 is attached to the connecting member 7 by hooking the ring portion 62a of the winding grip 62 to the U-shaped bolt 72 of the connecting member 7.

The connecting member 7 is not limited to the three-way clip shown in the drawing, and may be another member as long as the reinforcing member 6 and the main wire 2 can be joined. Further, it is desirable that the position where the connecting member 7 is provided is arranged so that the first reinforcing wire 60 and the second reinforcing wire 61 are substantially symmetrical to each other in a well-balanced manner in consideration of the transmission of stress acting on the reinforcing member 6. However, the layout shall be changed as appropriate according to the construction situation. Further, the connecting member 7 may be fixed to the horizontal wire rod 2B, or may be attached so as to be freely movable along the axial direction of the horizontal wire rod 2B. When the reinforcing member 6 is made of one wire, the reinforcing member 6 is passed through the U-shape of the U-shaped bolt 72, and the winding grips 62 attached to both ends are passed through the through holes 5c of the joining member 5 to be attached.

15 to 17 are explanatory views schematically showing an arrangement pattern of reinforcing members in the rockfall prevention structure according to the embodiment. As shown in FIG. 15, the reinforcing member 6 may be provided with the reinforcing member 6 in one selected square among the square squares partitioned by the main wire 2, or may be selected as shown in FIG. Reinforcing members 6 may be provided in two or more squares. That is, the reinforcing member 6 is installed by selecting a square having a particularly high risk of falling rock 102.

Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the reinforcing member 6 may have a plurality of selected squares as one large square and may be provided in the large square. In this case, since the load of the rockfall 102 is supported by the plurality of fixing members 3 and the reinforcing member 6 provided at the corners of each square, a larger rockfall can be safely held and the safety factor can be improved. Can be enhanced. That is, the reinforcing member 6 is installed according to the construction situation so that the load of the falling rock 102 is dispersed and the generated tension is lower than the allowable tension.

As described above, the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment includes a net material 1 that covers the inclined surface 101, a main wire 2 that divides the net material 1 into a rectangular shape, and a net material that is divided into a rectangular shape. A fixing member 3 for fixing the corner portion of 1 to the inclined surface 101, one or a plurality of selected fixing members 3 among the fixing members 3 provided on the rectangular corner portion, and an inclination direction from the fixing member 3 It has a main wire 2 arranged below X and a reinforcing member 6 for connecting the main wire 2. Therefore, the rockfall prevention structure 100 can transmit the stress received by the net material 1 and the main wire 2 to the fixing member 3 through the reinforcing member 6, so that the rockfall is dispersed and transmitted to the plurality of fixing members 3. Therefore, the generated tension can be reduced. Therefore, since the rockfall prevention structure 100 can safely hold the rockfall, the net material 1 and the main wire 2 can be prevented from bending or being damaged by the load of the rockfall, and the safety and reliability can be suppressed. A highly functional structure can be realized.

Further, the reinforcing member 6 is arranged in one or more squares partitioned by the main wire rod 2. That is, in the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the reinforcing member 6 can be installed by selecting a square having a particularly high risk of rockfall, so that the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced. Can contribute.

The main wire 2 has a vertical wire 2A and a horizontal wire 2B, and the vertical wire 2A and the horizontal wire 2B divide the net material 1 into a quadrangle. The reinforcing member 6 is connected to the horizontal wire member 2B via the connecting member 7. Therefore, since the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment has a simple structure, it can contribute to shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost at the time of construction.

The net material 1 is composed of a wire material having a tensile strength of 850 (N / mm ² ) or more. Therefore, in the rockfall prevention structure 100 according to the present embodiment, the strength against the load of rockfall can be increased, so that the number of fixing members 3 for fixing the net material 1 to the inclined surface 101 can be reduced, for example. It can contribute to shortening the construction period and reducing the construction cost.

Although the rockfall prevention structure 100 has been described above based on the embodiment, the rockfall prevention structure 100 is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment. For example, the net material 1 may be fixed to the inclined surface 101 with a pin anchor or the like in addition to the fixing member 3. Further, the reinforcing member 6 is not limited to the wire rod, and for example, steel materials having various shapes may be used. In short, the rockfall prevention structure 100 includes a range of design changes and application variations normally performed by those skilled in the art within a range that does not deviate from the technical idea thereof.

1 Net material, 2 Main wire material, 2A Vertical wire material, 2B Horizontal wire material, 3 Fixing member, 4 Coupling coil, 5 Joining member (cross anchor clip), 5a, 5b Through hole, 5c through hole, 6 Reinforcing member, 7 Connecting member , 20 wrapping grip, 20a ring part, 30, 31 fixing member, 50, 51 clip member, 52 bolt, 60 1st reinforcing wire, 61 2nd reinforcing wire, 62 wrapping grip, 62a ring part, 70, 71 plate , 70a, 71a Recess, 72 U-bolt, 73 through hole, 74 nut, 100 rock fall prevention structure, 101 inclined surface, 102 rock fall.

Claims (5)

A rockfall prevention structure installed on an inclined surface
The net material that covers the slope and
The main wire that divides the net material into a rectangular shape and
A fixing member for fixing the corners of the net material partitioned in a rectangular shape to the inclined surface, and
A reinforcing member connecting one or a plurality of selected fixing members and the main wire arranged below the fixing member in an inclined direction among the fixing members provided at the corners of a rectangular shape. Has a rockfall prevention structure. The rock fall prevention structure according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing member is arranged in one or more squares partitioned by the main wire. The main wire has a vertical wire and a horizontal wire, and the vertical wire and the horizontal wire are used to divide the net material into a quadrangle.
The rock fall prevention structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing member is connected to the horizontal wire rod. The rock fall prevention structure according to claim 3, wherein the reinforcing member is connected to the horizontal wire via a connecting member. The rock fall prevention structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the net material is made of a wire material having a tensile strength of 850 (N / mm ² ) or more.

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