JP2010043436A - Guiding and protecting structure for falling stone - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective net of a guiding and protecting structure having a superior load distribution/propagation performance. <P>SOLUTION: This protective net includes a plurality of diamond-shaped rope nets formed by knitting ropes and a plurality of triangular rope nets formed by knitting ropes. A main rope capable of transmitting an impact load is attached to the periphery of the protective net. The main rope is supported at multiple points by the anchors fixed to a slope. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a protective net that captures or guides while mitigating impacts such as falling rocks, landslides, and avalanches, and an induction protective structure using this protective net, and more specifically, to a massive rock mass or steep slope of 100 t or more. It relates to protection technology that can guide the fall of scattered rock blocks to the roadside.

A protective net combining a wire rope and a wire net is well known.
Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a covered net type induction protection structure in which a protection net is brought into close contact with a slope.
In the gazette of patent document 1, after covering the protection range of a slope directly with a metal mesh, a plurality of vertical and horizontal ropes are arranged on the surface of the metal mesh in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the ends and intersections of the vertical and horizontal ropes are respectively anchored. An inductive protective structure that is fixedly configured is disclosed.
Patent Document 2 discloses an induction protection structure in which a shock absorber is interposed between an end of each vertical and horizontal rope and an anchor, and a shock absorber is provided at an intersection of the vertical and horizontal ropes to improve the buffering performance of the protective net. It is disclosed.

Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose pocket type (or curtain type) induction protection structures that guide rock fall to the roadside or the like.
In Patent Document 3, a plurality of struts erected on a slope so as to be tiltable at a predetermined interval, and a rope net formed by crossing a plurality of vertical and horizontal rope members that are suspended between upper portions of the respective struts. The upper half of the protective net is separated from the slope and is suspended in a curtain form on a column to secure the space for falling rocks. An inductive protective structure that guides rock fall in the lower half is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 4, an upper hanging horizontal rope is horizontally mounted between struts erected on both the left and right sides of the swath-shaped portion, and a load supporting horizontal rope is suspended using a hanger rope hanging from the upper hanging horizontal rope. Thus, an inductive protective structure having a wide support span is disclosed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-300820 JP 2000-265420 A JP 7-42117 A JP-A-2005-350886

The conventional induction protection structure described above has the following problems.
(1) In the conventional induction protection structure, when a load is applied to a part of the protection net, the load is transmitted only to the horizontal rope and vertical rope in the receiving range, and finally each vertical and horizontal rope to which the load is transmitted It is a structure which supports a load with the anchor which fixed the edge part.
Therefore, in order to avoid breakage of the anchor due to concentrated load, a large anchor strength must be imparted to all anchors, which tends to be uneconomical.
(2) As described above, the conventional inductive protective structure has a structure in which the load applied to a part of the protective net cannot be distributed over the entire protective net and the load cannot be distributed and supported by all anchors.
For this reason, when a load exceeding the anchor strength acts on some anchors, there is a risk that not only will some anchors be damaged, but an excessive load will be concentrated on each adjacent anchor and the damage to the anchors will increase. There is.
(3) In the covered net type and pocket type inductive protective structures, it is necessary to reduce the distance between the vertical ropes and the horizontal ropes in order to increase the receiving performance and strength of the protective nets.
If the vertical and horizontal rope arrangement intervals are narrowed, not only will the number of vertical and horizontal ropes be installed, but the number of anchors will be increased in proportion to the number of ropes installed.
In general, the installation of anchors requires the use of large heavy machinery and a large work platform, and it is necessary to proceed with the anchor work while moving these equipment. .
(4) In order to improve the receiving performance of the entire protective net, a large number of friction resistance type shock absorbers are attached to all the intersections of the vertical and horizontal ropes.
Not only does it take a lot of time and labor to install the shock absorber, but also there is a problem that the buffer cost of the protective net is high.
(5) In the pocket-type guided protection structure, the maximum size of rock fall that can stop the generated fall rock halfway on the slope or guide it to the roadside is about 1 ton and can handle large unstable rock masses. Is impossible.
(6) Most of the protective net erection work is anchor work and vertical rope and horizontal rope installation work. The installation work of these vertical and horizontal ropes and the fixing work of the intersections of vertical and horizontal ropes are either aerial work in the field, or Work on a steep slope.
Considering the occurrence of falling rocks and earthquakes during work, the issue of how to ensure the safety of workers remains, and proposals for improvement techniques are eagerly desired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide at least one of the following protective nets and falling rock guiding techniques for the induction protective structure.
(1) To provide a protective net for an inductive protective structure excellent in load dispersion and propagation performance.
(2) To provide a protective net for an inductive protective structure that can effectively attenuate a load without installing a large number of shock absorbers.
(3) To ensure safety when installing protective nets, and to provide rock fall guidance technology that can be guided to the roadside even when large rock blocks fall.
(4) To provide rock fall guidance technology that can reduce the number of anchors used and install protective nets.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the rockfall-inducing protection structure of the present invention is a rockfall-inducing protection structure configured by arranging a rope-shaped protection net on a slope, and the protection net has a flat mesh. Comprising a main rope capable of transmitting an impact load around the protective net, and supporting a plurality of locations of the main rope on anchors on a slope. It is a feature.
Furthermore, the rock fall induction protection structure of the present invention is a rock fall induction protection structure configured by arranging a rope protection net on a slope, and the protection net is formed in a rhombus shape in which a rope is braided and the mesh is flattened. It is composed of a plurality of rhombus rope nets and a plurality of triangular rope nets formed by braiding ropes, and a main rope capable of transmitting an impact load is provided around the protective net, and a plurality of locations of the main rope are fixed to the slope. It is characterized in that it is supported by a fixed anchor.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to the rock fall-inducing protection structure described above, wherein the rope net is constituted by a rhombus or triangle frame rope and a rhombus knitting net knitted with a rhombus mesh inside the frame rope with a braided rope. It is characterized by.
Furthermore, the invention of the present application is characterized in that in the above-described falling rock guiding protection structure, the mesh of the rope rope and the rhombus knitting net constituting the rope net has a rhombus shape that is long in the horizontal direction and short in the vertical direction.
Furthermore, the invention of the present application is characterized in that, in the above-described falling rock guiding protection structure, the mesh of the rope rope and the rhombus knitting net constituting the rope net is a rhombus shape that is long in the vertical direction and short in the horizontal direction.
Furthermore, the invention of the present application is characterized in that, in any of the falling rock-induced protection structures described above, the protection net attached to the uppermost main rope is slidable along the main rope.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in any of the falling rock guiding protection structures described above, the main rope is slidably supported on the anchor head.
Furthermore, the invention of the present application is characterized in that in any of the rock fall-inducing protection structures described above, the anchor and the main rope are connected via a connecting member.
Furthermore, the invention of the present application is characterized in that in any of the above described rock fall-inducing protection structures, a buffer metal fitting is interposed between the anchor and the main rope.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in any of the above described rock fall-inducing protection structures, a buffer metal fitting is interposed in a main rope connecting adjacent anchors.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that in any of the above described rock fall induction protection structures, a part or all of the main rope is attached so as to have a sag.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-described falling rock guiding protection structure, a region surrounded by the main rope or a part thereof is covered with a wire mesh.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in any of the rock fall-inducing protection structures described above, a main rope is not disposed in part between the anchors.

Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that any one of the above described rock fall-inducing protective structures is a pocket type in which a part of the protective net is provided apart from the slope.
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that, in the above described rock fall-inducing protection structure, it is a cover type in which the corner portion of the protection net is fixed to the slope.

The present invention can obtain at least the following effects.
(1) The rhombus rope net or triangular rope net that constitutes the protection net, when the falling rock collides, the deformation of the rope net in the vicinity of the collision part is deformed and a large amount of deformation is obtained as a whole of the protection net, absorbing rock fall energy Efficiency increases.
Therefore, the impact load of the protective net can be reduced.
(2) By using the rhombus-shaped rope net, the impact load of falling rocks propagates while being spread and distributed in an oblique direction, so the load concentrates in the vicinity of both ends of the main rope.
Therefore, the load burden on the main rope is reduced.
(3) Since the impact load propagates in the rope direction of the rope net, the distance to the main rope becomes longer, and the impact load is dispersed during that time, and the load on the main rope and the anchor can be reduced. .
(4) The number of anchors required can be extremely reduced.
As a result, the number of movements of large-scale work platforms and large machines required for anchoring can be greatly reduced.
(5) When the impact load acting on some main ropes is large, by supporting the main ropes slidably at the anchor head, the load is propagated to the adjacent main ropes, and the load is dispersed. I can expect.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[Constitution]

(1) Basic model of the protective net As described above, the conventional protective net has a plurality of horizontal rope members arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, or a plurality of vertical ropes and a plurality of horizontal ropes crossed in parallel. Met.
In contrast, the protection net 10 of the present invention is different from the conventional arrangement of the rope material, and the rope material oriented in an oblique direction is arranged so as to intersect with each other so that the mesh has a flat rhombus. The impact acting on a part of 10 can be dispersed and propagated in a wide range through the fixed intersections of rope members arranged in an oblique direction, and the flat rhombus mesh shape changes to a shape close to a square, or a flatter rhombus shape It is structured to be able to attenuate the impact by deformation resistance when changing to.

FIG. 1 shows a model diagram of a protection net 10 composed of a plurality of divided bodies.
As shown in the figure, the protective net 10 of this example is mainly composed of a plurality of rhombus rope nets 20 having a rhombus shape that is long and short in the horizontal direction (long and narrow).
In this example, the case where the protection net | network 10 is comprised by the aggregate | assembly of the some rhombus rope net | network 20, the some triangular rope net | network 30, and the connection means 40 which connects these net | networks 20 and 30 mutually is demonstrated.

  The protection net 10 is mainly composed of the rhombus rope net 20 without changing the installation position of the rhombus rope net 20 or the triangular rope net 30 without cutting the net. This is to meet the requirements.

  Since the triangular rope net 30 is a net for forming the side of the protective net 10 in a straight line, installation may be omitted depending on the shape of the site.

(2) Rhombus Rope Net The rhombus rope net 20 is knitted into a long and narrow rhombus mesh by a large diameter frame rope 21 formed so as to exhibit a vertically long and thin rhombus and a thin knitted rope 22a. And a rhombus knitting net 22 integrated.
The frame rope 21 and the rhombus knitting net 22 are constituted by a wire rope or the like.

FIG. 2 shows an example of forming the rhombus rope net 20.
The ends of the knitting rope 22a constituting the rhombus knitting net 22 are fixed to the frame rope 21 by, for example, penetrating the frame rope 21, and the intersections of the intersecting knitting ropes 22a are combined with metal fittings or the like. And fix it.

  The dimensions and shape of the rope nets 20 and 30 may be determined in advance by surveying the installation site of the protection net 10 before erection.

In the present invention, the net shape (outline) of the frame rope 21 constituting the rhombus rope net 20 and the net shape of the rhombus braid net 22 are formed so as to exhibit a rhombus shape flattened in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction in an unloaded state. It is.
In this example, the case where the shape (contour) of the frame rope 21 in the no-load state and the mesh shape of the rhombus knitting net 22 is a vertically long and thin rhombus shape will be described. It may be.

[Reason for forming the net shape into a vertically long thin diamond]
The reason why the shape of the frame rope 21 constituting the rhombus rope net 20 and the mesh shape of the rhombus braid net 22 are formed into a vertically long and thin rhombus shape is as follows.

  One reason is that the impact of the frame rope 21 and the mesh shape of the rhombus knitted net 22 when receiving is changed to a shape close to a square, or a deformation resistance when the shape is changed to a more vertically long and narrow diamond shape. This is to attenuate the load.

  Another reason is that these deformation processes are not limited to the range of the rhombus rope net 20 where the falling rocks collide, but are sequentially propagated and distributed to the outer rhombus rope net 20 adjacent to the deformed rhombus rope net 20. This is because the shock resistance is attenuated by the deformation resistance of the entire protective net 10 and the buffering performance of the protective net 10 is enhanced.

[Reason for arranging the rope material diagonally]
Further, the rhombus rope net 20 is configured only by a rope material along an oblique direction without additionally arranging a rope material along a vertical direction (vertical direction) or a horizontal direction (horizontal direction) as in the prior art. .
When a rope material is added to the rhombus rope net 20 in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, the deformation of the rhombus rope net 20 is not inhibited, and the load is concentrated on the ends of the rope material arranged in the vertical and horizontal directions. Thus, the load distribution is hindered.
In order to avoid such an adverse effect, the rhombus rope net 20 is composed only of a rope material along an oblique direction.

(3) Triangular rope net The triangular rope net 30 includes a large-diameter frame rope 31 having a triangular shape, and a knitted net 32 integrated with the frame rope 31 by knitting into a rhombus mesh with a thin knitting rope.
The frame rope 31 and the knitting net 32 are constituted by a wire rope or the like.

The mesh shape of the knitting net 32 is formed in a vertically long and thin shape or a horizontally long and vertically shaped rhombus shape like the frame rope net 20.
In this example, the case where the mesh shape of the knitting net 32 is formed in a vertically long and thin diamond shape is shown.
The reason why the mesh shape of the knitting net 32 is the same as that of the knitting net 22 of the rhombus rope net 20 is the same as that of the rhombus rope net 20 described above, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.

  The triangular rope net 30 is fixed between the braided net 32 and the frame rope 31 and is formed to be slidable or fixed at the intersection of the ropes constituting the braided net 32 as in the rhombus rope net 20 described above. Therefore, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Further, in this example, the case where two types of triangular rope nets 30 having different contour shapes respectively installed on the upper and lower side portions and the horizontal side portion of the protective net 10 are shown, but the contour shape of the triangular frame rope net 30 is a rhombus rope net. What is necessary is just to select suitably so that it may correspond to 20 rhombus shape.

(4) Connecting means As the connecting means 40 for connecting a pair of adjacent frame ropes, a separate connecting rope material, a connecting coil formed of a steel wire in a spiral shape, or a known wire is wound. Clips can be used.
As the connecting means 40, known connecting means other than those described above can be applied as long as the adjacent rope nets 20, 30 can be connected to each other so as to be able to transmit a load.

Then, the overlapping portions of the sides of the frame ropes 21 and 31 of the rhombus rope net 20 and the triangular rope net 30 are connected by the connecting means 40, and the four sides of the rhombus frame rope 21 and the two sides of the triangle frame rope 31 are connected. Position them on the same straight line.
In FIG. 1, illustration is omitted for the purpose of simplifying the drawing, but each side of the adjacent frame ropes 21, 31 is doubled and fixed so that force can be transmitted. ing.

[Action]

  The operation of the protection net 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.

(1) Set of Protective Nets In FIG. 3, the protective net 10 includes four inclined sides of the frame rope 21 constituting the plurality of rhombus rope nets 20 and two inclined short sides of the frame rope 31 constituting the triangular rope net 30. Are continuously arranged, and the ropes on each side are arranged with continuity in an oblique direction.
Further, in the periphery (upper and lower sides, left and right sides) of the protective net 10, the long side of the triangular rope net 30 is located, and the adjacent rhombus rope nets 20 and 20 are connected so as to be able to transmit a load.

The corners of the protective net 10 whose overall shape is square due to the rhombus rope net 20 and the triangular rope net 30 are fixed to a reaction force member G such as a column or the ground.
In this example, the main rope 50 is integrally provided along the outer periphery of the protective net 10, and the four corners of the main rope 50 are fixed to the reaction force member G via the anchor 60. The fixing position of the protective net 10 is used. It chooses suitably according to.
The main rope 50 is a rope member for transmitting a load acting on the protective net 10 to the anchor 60 and is connected in a state in which the peripheral edge of the protective net 10 is allowed to slide.
In addition to the illustrated form, the main rope 50 may be arranged on three sides excluding the lower side of the protective net 10, or may be provided on two upper and lower sides or two left and right sides.
Depending on the purpose of use, the main rope 50 may be omitted, and the long side of the frame rope 31 of the triangular rope net 30 may be substituted.

(2) Dispersion propagation action of load In the conventional protection net formed by crossing multiple vertical and horizontal ropes, the impact acts only on the vertical and horizontal ropes located in the range where the falling rocks collide directly, The transmission direction of the shock was a structure that propagated only in the vertical and horizontal directions through the vertical and horizontal ropes where the collision occurred.

On the other hand, in the present invention, when an impact force such as the falling rock F acts on a part of the protective net 10, a plurality of adjacent ones are passed through the four inclined sides of the frame rope 21 of the rhombus rope net 20 positioned at the collision position of the falling rock F. The impact force is sequentially propagated to the rhombus rope net 20.
That is, the impact force is transmitted obliquely along the inclination direction of the rhombus-shaped frame ropes 21 and 31 constituting the protective net 10 (see the arrow in FIG. 3).
As described above, the impact force acting on a part of the protective net 10 is dispersed and propagated over a wide range of the protective net 10 through the rhombus rope net 20 and the triangular rope net 30 that are not located at the collision position.

(3) Dispersion and Absorption Action of Impact Force When an impact acts on the protection net 10 supported by the reaction force member G, the protection net 10 bends and deforms out of the plane.
At this time, in the vicinity of the impact point where the impact of the protective net 10 is directly applied, the impact load of the falling rock F or the like is dispersed by the deformation resistance when each rhombus rope net 20 deforms the mesh shape as described in detail below. Then attenuate.

Based on FIGS. 4-6, the shape change of the rhombus rope net 20 which comprises the protection net | network 10 is explained in full detail.
4 shows the state immediately before the shape of the vertically long and thin rhombus rope net 20 changes, and FIGS. 5 and 6 show the shape of the rhombus rope net 20 near the receiving position where the impact force such as rock fall F acts. Shows the state.

When an impact such as falling rock F acts on the protective net 10, the impact force is propagated in an oblique direction through the rhombus-shaped frame ropes 21 and 31.
As a result, in the rhombus rope net 20 positioned in the lateral direction of the position where the falling rock F collides, the horizontal width of the mesh of the long rhombus shape is increased as shown in FIG. 5 so that the vertical length is decreased. In order to work, the rhombus shape which is vertically long and thin is transformed into a shape close to a substantially square shape.
The shape change in which the rhombus shape, which was vertically long and thin, is deformed to a shape close to a substantially square shape, the amount of deformation becomes smaller as the edge of the protective net 10 is approached, and the original vertically long thin diamond shape is maintained.

  On the other hand, in the rhombus rope net 20 positioned in the vertical direction of the position where the falling rock F collides, a force is applied such that the vertical length of the rhombus-shaped mesh increases as shown in FIG. 6 and the horizontal width decreases. In order to work, the rhombus shape, which is vertically long and thin, is transformed into a rhombus that is pointed vertically.

  The above-described change in the shape of the rhombus rope net 20 changes not only in the frame rope 21 but also in the rhombus knitting net 22 knitted into a vertically long and narrow rhombus shape inside the frame rope 21 and changes in the same shape as the deformation of the frame rope 21. The impact load can be absorbed by the deformation resistance at the time.

  At this time, since the direction of the resultant tension of the knitting rope at the intersection of the collided rhombus knitting net 22 is the direction of the general knitting rope, that is, the direction of the frame rope 21 connected thereto, the transmission direction of the impact load is As the distance from the impact point increases, it propagates to a wide range of frame ropes 21.

  As described above, the deformation process of the rhombus rope net 20 accompanying the propagation of the impact load propagates to the entire protection net 10 and attenuates the impact load by the deformation resistance of the entire protection net 10. Can be increased.

As shown in FIG. 4, when the rhombus knitting net 22 whose mesh shape is vertically long and thin is pulled left and right and deformed into a shape close to a substantially square shape shown in FIG. Is a large elongation in the lateral direction with a small force, while the relationship between the deformation force and the amount of elongation in the longitudinal direction when the rhombus knitting net 22 is pulled up and down to be deformed into a diamond shape with a sharp top and bottom shown in FIG. Even with a large force, the amount of longitudinal elongation is small.
Therefore, in the case of this example in which the mesh shape of the protective net 10 is formed in a vertically long and thin rhombus shape as shown in FIG. 1, the displacement amount X directed in the horizontal direction of the protective net 10 is in the vertical direction of the protective net 10. Excellent displacement amount Y.

In the conventional protective net formed by intersecting a plurality of vertical and horizontal ropes, the impact force acts in the vicinity of the center of the main rope. In this example, the protective net 10 is changed from the protective net 10 to the main rope 50. The acting position of the transmitted impact load is near the end of the main rope 50 as shown in FIG.
Therefore, the diameter of the main rope 50 may be small, and the impact load finally transmitted to the reaction force member G via the anchor 60 is extremely small.

It is desirable that the main rope 50 and the frame ropes 21 and 31 have an appropriate sag (deflection) in consideration of the kinetic energy of falling rocks.

  Other embodiments will be described below. In the description, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7 illustrates another embodiment in which the mesh shape of the protective net 10 is formed in a horizontally long rhombus shape.
The protection net 10 according to the present embodiment includes a plurality of rhombus rope nets 20 formed in a rhombus shape that is vertically short and horizontally long (vertical thin horizontally long), a plurality of triangular rope nets 30, and a space between these nets 20, 30. And connecting means for connecting to each other.
The configurations of both rope nets 20 and 30 are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, except that only the shape of the mesh is a vertically long and horizontally long rhombus.

Since the operation of the protection net 10 of this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, description thereof is omitted.
The deformation of the mesh shape at the time of receiving in this example changes to a shape obtained by rotating FIGS. 5 and 6 by 90 degrees.
In the case of the present embodiment, since the protection net 10 of the first embodiment is rotated 90 degrees, the displacement amount Y in the vertical direction of the protection net 10 due to the action of the impact is directed in the lateral direction of the protection net 10. The displacement amount X is excellent.

  FIGS. 8 and 9 show the case where the above-described protective net 10 is used as a cover-net-type inductive protective structure in which the slope 70 is in close contact. First, a method for constructing a guidance protection structure will be described.

(1) Anchor work Three or more anchors 60 are fixed to a solid rock so as to surround the outside of the slope 70 where the rock mass 71 may slide down.
In general, two anchors 60 are fixed above and below the slope 70, respectively.
When the anchor 60 is a rope anchor, the anchor head is exposed to the ground surface.
The anchor strength of the anchor 60 and the length of the anchoring portion are appropriately determined based on design conditions such as the size of the rock block 71 where the fall is expected and the height until reaching the guiding protection structure.

(2) Main rope installation work The main rope 50a is arranged in the lateral direction so that the heads of the anchors 60, 60 installed above the slope 70 or the through holes of the connecting members to the anchor 60 can slide. Moored.
Further, the main ropes 50b, 50b are arranged in the vertical direction between the upper and lower anchors 60, 60 continuously from the main rope 50a.
The lower ends of the main ropes 50b, 50b arranged in the vertical direction are fixed to the lower anchors 60, 60, respectively.
At this time, as shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 10, the main rope 50 is inserted into the mooring port 61 formed at the exposed end of each of the upper anchors 60, 60, and the impact load is mutually applied between the main ropes 50a and 50b. It is configured to be able to communicate with.

(3) Installation of net To install the protective net 10, installation work is started from either the left or right side.
For example, when the protective net 10 is installed from the left side of the slope 70, a work platform (not shown) is installed on the left side.

The rhombus rope net 20 and the triangular rope net 30 whose shape has already been determined by surveying are sequentially coupled from above.
The left end and the right end of the uppermost rope nets 20 and 30 are slidably suspended from the upper main rope 50a by using connection fittings or the like.
When the assembly of the vertical first row is completed, the rope nets 20 and 30 in the vertical first row are moved to the left side, and the rhomboid rope net 20 and the triangular rope net 30 in the vertical second row are sequentially assembled from above, The rope nets 20 and 30 in the first vertical line are also coupled.
The protective net 10 is manufactured by assembling the rope nets 20 and 30 in the final row sequentially and repeatedly.

When the assembling of the protection net 10 is completed, the rope nets 20 and 30 in the last row are pulled from the opposite bank and deployed in the lateral direction while slidably suspended from the upper main rope 50a.
Thereafter, the left and right sides of the protective net 10 and the vertical main rope 50b are connected to complete the erection operation.

  Since the protective net 10 can be installed from one side of the slope 70 in this way, considering the safety of the workers, the installation effort, and the construction cost during the installation work, it is cheaper and more reasonable than conventional products, and a large-scale rockfall It can correspond to.

(4) Action When the protective net 10 is arranged in this way, when the rock mass 71 on the slope 70 falls due to an earthquake or the like, the friction resistance between the protective net 10 and the rock mass 71 and between the slope 70 and the rock mass 71 The fall energy of the rock mass 71 is absorbed by the frictional resistance.
As a result, the rock block 71 is guided to the protective net 10 and guided to a safe zone downstream of the slope 70.

The impact force by the rock block 71 is propagated in the direction of the rhombus while diffusing to a large number of rhombus rope nets 20, and finally propagated near both ends of the main ropes 50a, 50b.
Therefore, the impact load acting on the main ropes 50a and 50b acts not on the center of the upper main rope 50a but on the vicinity of the end of the main rope 50b arranged in the vertical direction and is directly propagated to the lower anchors 60 and 60. The Therefore, the main ropes 50a and 50b do not require a rope having a particularly large diameter.

  As described above, when an impact force is applied to the rhombus-shaped protective net 10, the mesh shape of the protective net 10 is deformed not only in the vicinity of the collision position but also over a wide range, so that the impact load can be dispersedly absorbed. The force transmitted to the anchors 60, 60 is smaller than that of the conventional case.

  When the main rope is not provided on the lower side of the protective net 10 as in this example, it is effective for a site having a sufficient margin on the road side and a site where the tension of the lower main rope is small.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, the main ropes 50 a and 50 b may be arranged on the entire circumference of the protective net 10, and the four corners may be slidably anchored to each anchor 60.

  12 and 13 show a case where the above-described protective net 10 is applied to a pocket type (or curtain type) induction protective structure that guides rockfalls to the roadside or the like.

(1) Construction method of induction protection structure [standing support]
A support column 72 that can be tilted at a predetermined distance is provided on the inclined surface 70.
Anchors 60 are provided at a plurality of locations on the inclined surface 70 around the support column 72, and the support column 72 is stably supported by connecting the support column 72 and the anchor with a holding rope 73.

[Installation of main rope]
A main rope 50 a is placed horizontally between the upper portions of the columns 72.
When a through hole is provided in the upper part of the support column 72, the main rope 50 is horizontally inserted between the upper part of the support column 72 by inserting the main rope 50 into the through hole.

[Construction]
The protective net 10 is assembled in the same manner as in the third embodiment, and the protective net 10 is suspended from the main rope 50a.
The lower ends of the main ropes 50b, 50b arranged in the vertical direction are fixed to the lower anchors 60, 60, respectively.

(2) Operation As described above, when a rock mass collides with the protective net 10, the mesh shape of the protective net 10 is deformed not only in the vicinity of the collision position but also in a wide range, and the impact load can be absorbed.
The impact force due to the collision of falling rocks propagates in the direction of the rhombus rope while diffusing to a large number of rhombus rope nets 20, and is propagated near both ends of the main rope 65b.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the protection net 10 is configured by the plurality of rhombus rope nets 20, the plurality of triangular rope nets 30, and the connecting means 40 that connects the nets 20 and 30 to each other has been described.

As shown in FIG. 14, the protective net 10 may be configured by a net structure 80 knitted with a rope and a rhombus auxiliary net 81 such as a wire mesh integrally attached to one side of the net structure 80.
The net structure 80 replaces the plurality of frame ropes 21 and 31 described above, and is formed so that the mesh shape is a vertically long and thin shape or a horizontally long and vertically thin diamond shape. The intersection of each rope is fixed so that it cannot slide.
A rhombus auxiliary net 81 such as a wire mesh is laid on one side of the net structure 80, and a connecting coil or the like is used so that force can be transmitted between the rope material constituting the net structure 80 and the rhombus auxiliary net 81. And fix them together.

In this example, the effect of dispersing and absorbing the impact load of the protective net 10 is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, so that the description thereof is omitted.

  The anchor 60 and the main rope 50 may be slidably connected or slidable via a connecting member (connecting rope).

  Further, when connecting the main rope 50 to the anchor 60, if a known buffer fitting (not shown) is interposed between the anchor 60 and the main rope 50 and the rope material is allowed to slide, an excessive impact is caused. When the load acts, the rope material slides at the location where the shock-absorbing fitting is installed, so that the impact load can be absorbed and the anchor 60 can be prevented from being broken.

Similarly, when a shock-absorbing metal fitting is interposed in the middle of the main rope 50 connecting the adjacent anchors 60, the shock load is reduced by sliding the rope material at the location where the shock-absorbing metal fitting is installed when an excessive shock load is applied. While absorbing, the breakage of the main rope 50 and the breakage of the anchor 60 can be prevented.

Model diagram of protection net according to embodiment 1 of the present invention Illustration of formation example of rhombus rope net Model diagram for explaining the action of the protective net Explanatory drawing before deformation of rhombus rope net Explanatory drawing of shock absorbing action of rhombus rope net Explanatory drawing of shock absorbing action of rhombus rope net Model diagram of protective net according to embodiment 2 of the present invention Model diagram of inductive protective structure according to embodiment 3 of the present invention using a protective net FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the inductive protection structure Illustration of anchor and main rope mooring structure Model diagram of another inductive protective structure according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention using a protective net Model diagram of inductive protection structure according to embodiment 4 of the present invention using a protection net 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of the induction protection structure of FIG. Model diagram of protective net according to embodiment 5 of the present invention

Claims (14)

A rockfall-inducing protection structure constructed by arranging a rope protection net on the slope,
The protective net comprises at least a plurality of rhombus rope nets having a rhombus shape with a flat mesh,
A main rope capable of transmitting an impact load is provided around the protective net,
A plurality of locations of the main rope are supported by anchors fixed on a slope,
Falling rock guidance protective structure. A rockfall-inducing protection structure constructed by arranging a rope protection net on the slope,
The protective net is a plurality of rhombus rope nets formed in a rhombus shape that weaves rope and flats the mesh;
Consists of a plurality of triangular rope nets formed by braiding ropes,
A main rope capable of transmitting an impact load is provided around the protective net,
A plurality of locations of the main rope are supported by anchors fixed on a slope,
Falling rock guidance protective structure.   The fallen rock according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rope net is composed of a frame rope having a rhombus or a triangle and a rhombus knitted net knitted with a rhombus mesh inside the frame rope with a braided rope. Inductive protective structure.   4. The falling rock protection structure according to claim 3, wherein a mesh of the frame rope and the rhombus knitting net constituting the rope net has a rhombus shape that is long in the horizontal direction and short in the vertical direction.   4. The falling rock protection structure according to claim 3, wherein a mesh of the frame rope and the rhombus knitting net constituting the rope net has a rhombus shape that is long in the vertical direction and short in the horizontal direction.   6. The rock fall-inducing protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the protection net attached to the uppermost main rope is slidable along the main rope.   7. The rock fall-inducing protection structure according to claim 1, wherein the main rope is slidably supported on the anchor head.   7. The falling rock protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the anchor and the main rope are connected via a connecting member.   7. The falling rock protection structure according to claim 1, wherein a buffer metal fitting is interposed between the anchor and the main rope.   The rock fall-inducing protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a buffer metal fitting is interposed in a main rope that connects between adjacent anchors.   11. The falling rock protection structure according to claim 1, wherein a part or all of the main rope is attached so as to have a sag.   3. The falling rock protection structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a region surrounded by the main rope or a part thereof is covered with a wire mesh.   The rock fall-inducing protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is a pocket type in which a part of the protection net is provided apart from the slope.   The falling rock-inducing protection structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, which is a cover type in which a corner of the protection net is fixed to a slope.

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