JP2020529468A - パルス磁場勾配を使用する悪性癌細胞の標的化浸透圧溶解 - Google Patents
パルス磁場勾配を使用する悪性癌細胞の標的化浸透圧溶解 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2017年7月20日に出願された米国仮出願第62/534,947号および2018年7月11日に出願された米国仮出願第62/696,702号に対する優先権を主張し、これらの両方は、あらゆる目的のために、参照により本明細書に完全に組み込まれる。
培養された、正常な対照およびアルコールで殺傷された悪性乳癌細胞(MDA−MB−231)のベースライン画像を、磁気共鳴画像法(MRI)装置およびシステムで得て、MRIを用いて生細胞と死細胞のあらゆる違いを評価した。この研究のために、3バイアルの細胞を使用して、イメージング時に容易に視覚化されたペレットを形成するために十分な細胞を提供した。単一バイアル中の細胞数は、明確に違いを識別するために十分な大きさのペレットを形成するには不十分であった。細胞を微量遠心管チューブに入れ、遠心分離してペレットを形成させた。次に、チューブをMRIの計算されたフィールドの中心に並べて配置し、スキャンした。チューブ間に明確な違いを観察した。
MDA−MB−231細胞の2つのチューブを調製した。ナトリウムポンプを遮断するために、1つのチューブの培地を100nMウアバインを含む培地に置き換えた。両方のチューブを、MRI中で、z勾配場において中心から317mmオフセットに配置し、パルス磁場にさらした。次に、サンプルの位置を変えて画像化した。5分間z勾配中のパルス磁場刺激にさらされた対照MDA−MB−231細胞およびウアバイン処理(TOL)MDA−MB−231細胞のペレットを含むバイアルの磁気共鳴イメージングは、観察可能な違いを表示する。
DMEM中で培養されたMDA−MB−231乳癌細胞、または乳房上皮増殖培地(MEGM;Lonza、www.lonza.com)で培養されたMCF−10a正常乳房上皮細胞は、Corning Cellstripper(Corning, NY)を用いて解離し、そして100nMジゴキシン(SigmaAldrich)の有無にかかわらずDMEMを使用して1.5ml微量遠心管に再懸濁した。チューブを、直径8インチ、2.5インチの、12ga銅線の697回転(500フィート)のソレノイドに配置した。AE Techron 7224 DC拡張ACアンプからの5VDC電流は、25Hzでパルスされ、10ミリ秒の傾斜および落下を伴い、ソレノイド中で80mTの磁気パルスを生成する、Techtronics AFG 3021B波形発生器によって制御した。ジゴキシン処理されたMDA−MB−231細胞のうち、10分以内に97.5%が溶解したのに対し、薬物なしの対照では、生存不能であったのは4.5%だけであった。ジゴキシン処理したものと、未処理のもののいずれも、刺激時にMCF−10a細胞は溶解しなかった。
標的化浸透圧溶解に対するx、yおよびz勾配場の同時パルスの効果を評価するための研究を行った。細胞バイアルを上記のように調製した。提示された波形は、各勾配場において同一であり、すべて5分間パルスしたが、振幅と周波数に関しては試行間で変動があった。使用した振幅は、持続時間5分のパルス列を送達するためにシステムによって許容された最大振幅であった。このシステムは、より高い振幅で自動的にシャットダウンする。1つの試験では、振幅が262.4531、立ち上がり時間が10ミリ秒、ベースラインへの戻りが2.5ミリ秒、そしてパルス間の間隔が17.5ミリ秒であった。別の試験は、224.9519の振幅、10ミリ秒の立ち上がり時間、2.5ミリ秒のベースラインへの戻り、および7.5ミリ秒のパルス間間隔を含んだ。さらに別の試験は、206.2014の振幅、10ミリ秒の立ち上がり時間、2.0ミリ秒のベースラインへの戻り、および3.0ミリ秒のパルス間間隔を含んだ。細胞溶解は、3つの勾配場が一緒にパルスされたときに、z勾配場が単独でパルスされたときよりも、80〜90%の致死率よりも顕著に低かった。
静磁場磁石の非存在下で細胞がz勾配磁場を用いてパルスされる研究が行われた。静電界を用いて得られたMDA−MB−231細胞の細胞溶解量の細胞学的評価は、静電界なしで得られた溶解量よりも有意に大きかった。
インビトロでMDA−MB−231細胞の細胞溶解を生じるために必要なパルス磁場の強度を決定するために、増加する刺激強度で細胞をパルスする研究を実施した。細胞は、500nMジゴキシンありまたはなしで、微量遠心管に分配した。すべてのチューブを0〜80mTのPMFにさらした。図1は、80mTの刺激強度がMDA−MB−231細胞のほぼ100%の細胞溶解を生じることを示す。
MDA−MB−231細胞を含む培養培地を、ナトリウムを含むかまたは含まないリンガー溶液で置き換え、その後80mTのパルス磁場で10分間刺激する研究を実施した。細胞は、リンガー+Na+またはリンガー−Na+のいずれかを含む微量遠心管に移した。これらの各培地のチューブは、4つの処理のいずれかを受けた:リンガービヒクルおよび刺激なし(VEH−No PMF)、ビヒクルおよび80mT PMF(Veh−PMF)、500nMのジゴキシンおよび刺激なし(Dig−No PMF)、およびPMF刺激を伴うジゴキシン(Dig−PMF)、ジゴキシンを受けず、刺激あり(Veh−PMF)または刺激なし(Veh−No PMF)。図2は、リンガー+Na+のTOL細胞(Dig−PMF)は約70%の生存不能を表示する一方で、ナトリウムなしのパルスは20%未満の生存不能を表示することを示し、ナトリウムがTOLプロセスにおける必須の参加メンバーであることを示す(p<.01)。
浸透圧溶解を誘発するパルス磁場のインビボ検証のために、MDA−MB−231異種移植片(直径0.7〜1.2cmの腰下部)を有する4群のJ/Nuマウス(n=8)に、1時間間隔で5回、ジゴキシンまたは生理食塩水5mg/kgを注射した(皮下、背中の後ろ)。このプロトコルは、血管新生が不十分な組織でさえも定常状態の薬物動態を確立する。これらのマウスは、培養細胞と同じパラメータを使用して、最後の注射の30分後から15分間、パルス磁場にさらされた。この処理は、最初の処理の2日後と4日後に繰り返した。マウスを屠殺し、3回目の処理の24時間後に4%パラホルムアルデヒドで固定した。これらの動物の組織は、治療を知らない病理学者によって切片にされ評価された。図3は、MDA−MB−231異種移植片のH&E染色切片の例を示し、腫瘍壊死のレベルについて1〜5段階の腫瘍からの代表的な切片を示す。図4は、TOLを用いて処理した異種移植片の腫瘍壊死スコアのメジアンが、薬物のみ、刺激のみ、またはビヒクルで処理した対照異種移植片の腫瘍壊死スコアのメジアンよりも有意に大きいことを示す。ジゴキシンおよび磁気刺激(TOL)で処理したマウスの腫瘍は、80〜100%の腫瘍溶解を示した。正常な筋肉、腎臓、脳、または心臓において溶解は観察されなかった(図5)。薬物のみおよび刺激のみの対照は、未処理の対照と変わらなかった。異種移植された中皮腫腫瘍を有する免疫不全の追加のヌードマウス3匹は、TOLでの治療後に腫瘍の徴候を示さなかった。図6は、対照と比較した場合、TOL(Dig−PMF)を用いた治療後の腫瘍成長速度が著しく遅いことを示す。
浸透圧溶解を誘発するパルス磁場のインビボ検証のために、500Kの高度に悪性のマウス乳癌、4T1の注射後に確立された異種移植片(直径0.7〜1.2cmの腰下部)を有する雌性免疫適格BALBcマウス(n=8)の4つの群において、細胞に7mg/kgのジゴキシンまたは生理食塩水(皮下、首の後ろ)を1時間間隔で5回注射した。このプロトコルは、血管新生が不十分な組織さえも定常状態の薬物動態を確立する。マウスは、培養細胞と同じパラメータを使用して、最後の注射の15分後に開始して30分間、パルス磁場にさらされた。この処理は、0日目(治療の最初の日)、2日目、および4日目に投与した。マウスは、腫瘍成長についてモニターし、人道的エンドポイント安楽死のNIH基準を満たしたときに屠殺した。図7は、TOLで処理されたマウスが、対照群のマウスよりも有意に長い人道的エンドポイント安楽死基準に到達したことを示す。
Claims (20)
- 電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルを過剰発現する腫瘍細胞に、Na+,K+−ATPase阻害剤、および電位依存性ナトリウムチャネルを刺激して浸透圧溶解を引き起こすことができる磁場を同時投与する工程を包含する、哺乳動物の癌を治療する方法。
- 前記磁場がパルス磁場を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場がパルスz勾配磁場である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場は、静磁場磁石の存在下でのパルスz勾配磁場である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場が、約0から20ミリ秒の立ち上がり時間にわたって−90mVから−30mVまで上昇する傾斜、約7.5から約30ミリ秒のパルス間間隔、および約20〜60PPSのパルスサイクル周波数を伴うパルスz勾配磁場である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場が、約12.5ミリ秒の立ち上がり時間にわたって−90mVから−30mVまで上昇する傾斜、7.5ミリ秒のプラトー、およびベースラインに戻るまで12.5ミリ秒であることを伴う、パルスz勾配磁場であって、パルス間の間隔は7.5ミリ秒、パルスサイクル周波数は約25〜50PPSである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場が、約10ミリ秒の立ち上がり時間にわたって−90mVから−30mVまで上昇する傾斜、2.5ミリ秒にわたってベースに戻ること、7.5ミリ秒のパルス間間隔及び、25PPSのパルスサイクル周波数を伴うパルスz勾配磁場である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記パルス磁場が80mTで刺激強度に達し、100%に近い細胞溶解を生じる、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物がヒトである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が、乳癌、前立腺癌、小細胞肺癌、非小細胞肺癌、リンパ腫、中皮腫、神経芽細胞腫、神経膠腫、神経腫、肝臓癌、卵巣癌、膀胱癌、膵臓癌、甲状腺癌、脾臓癌、胃癌、子宮頸癌、皮膚癌、精巣癌、腎癌、口腔癌、および子宮頸癌からなる群より選択される癌に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が乳癌に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が前立腺癌に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が結腸癌に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が小細胞肺癌に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が非小細胞肺癌に関連する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記腫瘍細胞が中皮腫に関連する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記阻害剤が、ジゴキシン、ジギトキシン、ジギタリス、ウアバイン、オレアンドリン、ジヒドロウアバイン、ウアバイン八水和物、ウアバゲニン、アセチルジギトキシン、アセチルジゴキシン、ラナトシドC、デスラノシド、メチルジゴキシン、ギトホルメート、オレアンドリゲニン、ブフォトキシン、ブフォタリン、マリノブファゲニン、パリトキシン、オリゴマイシン、ルタマイシン、ルタマイシンB、ストロファンチン、k−β−ストロファンチン、ストロファンチジン、k−ストロファントシド、シマリン、エリシモシド(カルデノリド)、ヘルベチコシド、ペルボシド、視床下部ナトリウム、カリウム−アデノシントリホスファターゼ阻害因子(HIF)、HIFのアグリコン、アレノブファギン、シノブファギン、マリノブファギン、プロシラリジン、シリロシド、ダイグレモンチアナニン、3,4,5,6,テトラヒドロキシキサントン、これらの組み合わせおよび誘導体からなる群より選択される薬物である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記阻害剤がウアバインである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記阻害剤がジゴキシンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記阻害剤が3,4,5,6,テトラヒドロキシキサントンである、請求項1に記載の方法。
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