JP2020518644A - 虚血組織を治療するための方法 - Google Patents
虚血組織を治療するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020518644A JP2020518644A JP2019560725A JP2019560725A JP2020518644A JP 2020518644 A JP2020518644 A JP 2020518644A JP 2019560725 A JP2019560725 A JP 2019560725A JP 2019560725 A JP2019560725 A JP 2019560725A JP 2020518644 A JP2020518644 A JP 2020518644A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、国立衛生研究所/国立心肺血液研究所によって授与された、助成金番号HHSN268201700008Cの下で政府の支援を受けてなされた。政府は、本発明におけるある特定の権利を有する。
参照によってその全体が組み込まれるのは、本明細書と同時に提出されたコンピューター読み取り可能なヌクレオチド/アミノ酸配列リストであり、以下のとおり、2018年5月1日に作成された“51600A_SeqListing.txt”と名前が付けられた、38,503バイトのACII(テキスト)ファイルとして識別される。
E−セレクチンは、典型的には内皮細胞に発現する細胞接着分子である。E選択は、CD62抗原様ファミリーメンバーE(CD62E)、内皮白血球接着分子1(ELAM−1)、および白血球内皮細胞接着分子2(LECAM2)としても知られている。様々な態様において、E−セレクチンは、ネイティブヒトE−セレクションである。これに関して、E−セレクチンをコードする核酸配列は、任意に、ヒトE−セレクチンタンパク質(すなわち、アクセッション番号AAQ67702、NP_000441.2に対応する配列番号1のE−セレクチンタンパク質)をコードする核酸配列である。例示的な態様において、核酸配列は、成熟形態のヒトE−セレクチンをコードし、シグナルペプチドMIASQFLSALTLVLLIKESGA(配列番号7)を含まない。例示的な態様において、核酸配列は、配列番号8のヒトE−セレクチンの成熟形態をコードする。様々な実施形態において、核酸配列は、配列番号1と少なくとも65%(例えば、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、少なくとも96%、少なくとも97%、少なくとも98%、または99%)のアミノ酸配列同一性を共有し、炎症部位でのEC−EPC接着の媒介または血液白血球の蓄積の促進などネイティブE−セレクチンに関連する少なくとも1つの活性を示すタンパク質をコードする。様々な態様において、E−セレクチンをコードする核酸配列は、配列番号2に記載されており、これは、アクセッション番号NM_000450に対応する。ヒトE−セレクチンの対立遺伝子バリアントおよび相同体をコードする核酸も企図されることが理解されよう。様々な実施形態において、核酸配列は、配列番号2と少なくとも65%(例えば、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、少なくとも96%、少なくとも97%、少なくとも98%、または99%)同一である。必要に応じて、非ヒト哺乳類のE−セレクチンも使用され得、マウスE−セレクチン(ジェンバンクアクセッション番号AAA37577.1)、ラットE−セレクチン(ジェンバンクアクセッション番号AAA41113.1)、イヌE−セレクチン(ジェンバンクアクセッション番号AAA30843.1)、およびヒツジE−セレクチン(ジェンバンクアクセッション番号NP_001009749.1)のアミノ酸配列は、それぞれ配列番号3〜6として提供される。
様々な実施形態において、本方法は、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)の有効量を対象に投与することを含む。「ハイブリッドAAV」は、少なくとも2つのAAV血清型の部分を含むAAVを意味する。例示的な態様において、ハイブリッドAAVは自然発生せず、2つの異なるAAV血清型に由来するAAVの部分を含むように操作される。「ハイブリッドAAV」は、Choi et al.,Current Gene Ther5(3):299−310(2005)およびWu et al.,Mol Ther.14(3):316−27(2006)に記載されているようなAAVハイブリッド血清型と同義語である。例示的な態様において、ハイブリッドAAVは、ウイルスゲノムにAAV2 ITRを含み、これは、血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドにパッケージ化される。AAVは、標的細胞におけるE−セレクチン産生を媒介する。様々な態様において、本方法は、AAV2カプシドにパッケージ化されている、E−セレクチンおよびAAV2 ITRをコードするヌクレオチド配列を含むウイルスゲノムを含むAAVを含む細胞を対象に投与することを含む。
いくつかの実施形態において、本方法は、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列およびAAV2 ITRを含むAAVを含む細胞を対象に投与することを含む。AAVは、細胞内でE−セレクチンを産生する。様々な態様において、AAV2ゲノムはAAV2カプシドにパッケージ化されるが、本明細書でさらに記載されるように、AAV2 ITRを含むAAVゲノムは、様々な実施形態において非AAV2カプシドにパッケージ化され得る。細胞は、様々な実施形態において、間葉系幹細胞(MSC)、骨髄(BM)由来前駆細胞、または内皮前駆細胞(EPC)などの幹細胞である。細胞は、対象から単離され得るか(すなわち、自己細胞)、または異なるドナーから収集され(すなわち、同種異系細胞)得る。「骨髄由来前駆細胞」および「BM由来前駆細胞」は、骨髄幹細胞系統に由来する前駆細胞を意味する。細胞はまた、骨形成、筋原性、脂肪生成、および軟骨形成分化が可能である骨髄に見られる胚様細胞である間葉系幹細胞(MSC)であり得る。
様々な態様において、本開示は、対象における虚血組織の血流または灌流を増加させるための材料および方法に関する。「虚血」は、典型的には動脈血液供給の障害または不十分な血流の結果として、低酸素になった(すなわち、十分な酸素を欠く)組織を指す。様々な態様において、虚血組織は、筋肉組織(骨格筋または心筋)であるが、網膜、脂肪、肝臓、腎臓、肺、胃腸、膵臓、胆嚢、膀胱、中枢神経組織、および皮膚などの他の組織も企図される。
様々な態様において、AAVまたは細胞は、生理学的に許容される(すなわち、薬理学的に許容される)担体、緩衝剤、賦形剤、または希釈剤を含む組成物(例えば、医薬組成物)で提供される。任意の好適な生理学的に許容可能な(例えば、薬学的に許容可能な)担体を本開示の文脈内で使用することができ、そのような担体は当技術分野で周知されている。担体の選択は、部分的に、本組成物が投与される特定の部位、および本組成物を投与するために使用される特定の方法によって決定されるだろう。本組成物はまた、例えば、宿主細胞へのAAVの取り込みを促進する薬剤も含み得る。好適な組成物製剤には、水性および非水性溶液、抗酸化剤、緩衝剤、静菌剤、および製剤を血液と等張にする溶質を含有し得る等張無菌溶液、ならびに懸濁剤、可溶化剤、増粘剤、安定剤、および防腐剤を含み得る水性および非水性無菌懸濁液が含まれる。
肢および軟組織への血流の障害は、通常、大血管(動脈)および微小血管(毛細血管)の両方のプロセスを介して起こり、PADおよびCLIを罹患する患者の中心的な共通の病因である。虚血組織への十分な血流の回復は、修復応答の成功を可能にする。療法的血管新生は、虚血組織で血管形成を誘導するための薬物、遺伝子、細胞、または機械的装置の使用を指す。主な利点は、新しい血管の成長を誘導し、側副血管の形成を促進して、血液が枯渇した組織への血流を増加させることである。血管新生は、最終的に、CLI患者、特に外科的介入の資格がない患者における有害な心血管事象のリスクの低減、虚血性疼痛の緩和、潰瘍の治癒、大規模な切断の予防、ならびに生活の質および生存の改善につながる。
この実施例は、本方法の文脈における新規の幹細胞療法の送達を記載する。一態様において、操作されたBM由来組織修復細胞(TRC)が投与され、ここで、E−セレクチンは、細胞表面に事前に導入されている。虚血肢組織に投与されたこれらの操作されたTRCは、虚血組織の血管系、特に、発芽血管新生でシャッフリングしている出芽先端の細胞で、活性化内皮細胞(EC)(E−セレクチンを引き付けて相互作用する上昇した対応リガンドを発現する)と選択的に接着および相互作用して、新しい血管の形成を促進し得る。あるいは、支持組織の微小環境は、ウイルスベクターを使用してE−セレクチンで創傷血管系および組織細胞のECを刺激することによって生成される。E−セレクチンは、内因性または外因性TRC(E−セレクチンのリガンドを発現する)がアンカーにドッキングする部位として機能し、TRCの虚血組織への正確な相互作用/ホーミングを増加する。
E−セレクチン/VVおよび対照ベクター(プラスミド)の構築:ウイルスベクター(VV)は、効率的で安全な遺伝子導入システムである。裸のpDNA手法は、導入遺伝子発現のレベルおよび期間に制限があることを示す。E−セレクチン/VVおよびEGFP/VVプラスミドを構築し、組換えウイルスを産生した。ウイルスベクターには選択マーカーが含まれる。このため、基本的なウイルスベクターは、IRES2−EGFP(約1.4kb)を複数のクローニング部位に挿入することによって修正される。これらのベクター自体は、対照として使用され得る。マウスE−セレクチン遺伝子を、複数のクローニング部位の残りの部位を使用して、IRES2−EGFPの上流に挿入する。IRES(内部リボソーム進入部位)により、E−セレクチンおよびマーカーおよび制御遺伝子(EGFP)の両方をTRCで同時に発現させることができる。したがって、E−セレクチン過剰発現TRC(E−セレクチン/TRC)の純粋な集団を選択して増幅することが可能になる。
信頼できる動物の後肢壊疽モデルの欠如によって、重症肢虚血の分子調査および前臨床治療が制限される。この実施例は、遺伝子療法の有効性を評価するためのマウス後肢壊疽モデルの開発および使用について記載する。
Claims (21)
- 対象における虚血組織の血流または灌流を増加させる方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、前記虚血組織の前記血流または灌流を増加させるために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における虚血組織に血管新生、新血管新生、または血管再建を誘導する方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、前記虚血組織に血管新生、新血管新生、または血管再建を誘導するために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における骨格筋の生存率を増加させる方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、前記骨格筋の生存率を増加させるために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における虚血性皮膚創傷治癒を促進する方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、虚血性皮膚創傷治癒を促進するために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における壊疽を治療または予防する方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、前記対象における壊疽を治療または予防するために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記対象が、重症肢虚血(CLI)を有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象における重症肢虚血(CLI)を治療する方法であって、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、および血清型2以外のAAVからのカプシドを含むハイブリッドアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を、CLIを治療するために有効な量で前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記対象が、末梢動脈疾患(PAD)を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記カプシドが、AAV血清型8カプシドであり、前記ハイブリッドAAVが、AAV2/8である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記カプシドが、AAV血清型9カプシドであり、前記ハイブリッドAAVが、AAV2/9である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記AAVが、前記骨格筋の前記虚血組織に筋肉内投与される、請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象における虚血組織の血流または灌流を増加させる方法であって、前記虚血組織の前記血流または灌流を増加させるために有効な量で、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、およびAAV2カプシドを含むアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を含む細胞を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における虚血組織に血管新生、新血管新生、または血管再建を誘導する方法であって、前記虚血組織に血管新生、新血管新生、または血管再建を誘導するために有効な量で、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、およびAAV2カプシドを含むアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を含む細胞を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における虚血性皮膚創傷治癒を促進する方法であって、虚血性皮膚創傷治癒を促進するために有効な量で、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、およびAAV2カプシドを含むアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を含む細胞を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 対象における壊疽を治療または予防する方法であって、前記対象における壊疽を治療または予防するために有効な量で、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、およびAAV2カプシドを含むアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を含む細胞を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記対象が、重症肢虚血(CLI)を有する、請求項12〜15のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 対象における重症肢虚血(CLI)を治療する方法であって、前記対象における前記CLIを治療するために有効な量で、E−セレクチンをコードするヌクレオチド配列、AAV血清型2(AAV2)逆方向末端反復配列(ITR)、およびAAV2カプシドを含むアデノ随伴ウイルス(AAV)を含む細胞を前記対象に投与することを含む、方法。
- 前記対象が、末梢動脈疾患(PAD)を有する、請求項12〜17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、幹細胞である、請求項12〜18のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、間葉系幹細胞(MSC)、骨髄(BM)由来前駆細胞、または内皮前駆細胞(EPC)である、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記細胞が、対象の自己細胞である、請求項12〜20のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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