JP2020505787A - LED structure and lighting equipment for continuous disinfection - Google Patents

Abstract

LED structure, lighting fixture and method for providing white light illumination. The LED structure includes a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, a first type of light emitting semiconductor source having sterilizing properties mounted within the cavity, and a light emitting semiconductor source within the cavity. A second type of light emitting semiconductor source having a function of causing a wavelength converting material to generate white light, and a wavelength converting material layer formed on the top of the light emitting semiconductor source, the wavelength converting material layer being attached to the light emitting semiconductor source. . The present invention enables disinfection by a light source or lighting fixture that is visible to humans as a white light source that is not harmful to humans and does not cause discomfort.

Description

  The present invention relates to an arrangement and method for artificial lighting used for light disinfection. In particular, the invention relates to the technical field of optoelectronics and white light emitting diodes (LEDs) that provide a bactericidal effect. The present invention relates to the application of integrated LED structures and continuously operating disinfecting lighting fixtures.

  Ultraviolet (UV) sources are well suited for disinfection and are well known to have bactericidal and antibacterial effects. Far ultraviolet (UVC) sources are known to effectively prevent growth on bacterial surfaces and are widely used as germicidal sources. However, a disadvantage of the use of UVC sources, such as mercury lamps, is the fact that UVC lights are harmful to humans and thus hinder their use where people are. The work mechanism of far-UV disinfection is known to be the degradation of DNA molecules, which have a particularly strong absorption between 260 and 290 nm.

Although based on different physical mechanisms, longer wavelengths are also known to have bactericidal effects. 365 nm UVA light is known to inhibit bacterial growth, and blue / purple light produces a similar growth inhibitory effect. Although the germicidal effect is smaller at the wavelength of blue / violet light, it can be utilized in continuously operating disinfecting light. It is well known that light at 405 nm causes cells to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). These negatively charged oxygen ions then prevent cell metabolism and effectively inhibit, for example, the growth of bacterial colonies. Although the intensity of disinfection light is important to most, to define the ability of disinfection ultimately it is expressed a J / m ² as a unit, on the surface, or is stored on the object Total dose.

  As long as the exposure time is long enough, but the practical value is still high, any lower intensity source with a suitable emission spectrum can be used for disinfection. However, again, the presence of humans sets such light boundaries. International regulatory safety guidelines are defined by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the IEC standard IEC-62741. Again, ICNIRP sets the wavelength of the ultraviolet light at 100-400 nm.

  Humans generally experience discomfort when the emission source has short wavelength emission, for example, emission below 410 nm, and when the short wavelength emission is the predominant intensity or color.

  Known plant growing and photosynthetic growing lights are composed of blue and red light sources, sometimes with a white light source. Therefore, they do not address the problem with bactericidal and antibacterial functions.

  A light source applied to an LED and a UV germicidal lamp is disclosed in CN104056289A (Patent Document 1). However, again, such an assembly is not suitable for general lighting due to the harmful effects of UV light on humans.

  An LED source having a disinfecting function in a closed environment is shown in EP 2555453 A1. Again, such sources emitting wavelengths shorter than 300 nm are not suitable for general illumination due to the harmful effects of UV light on humans.

  According to the inventor's laboratory tests, the combination of individual spatially separated LEDs with 405 nm emission and individual white light LEDs results in a light source that causes discomfort. Light sources based on individually packaged LEDs do not produce a smooth and uniform light field. In particular, point sources with concentrated short wavelength emission are disturbed. It is necessary that a short wavelength point source provide a clearly invisible source between the white light LEDs. However, physical superposition of a white light LED on a 405 nm LED is not easy or possible.

  An example of spatially mixing sources is shown in US Pat. No. 8,398,264. Diffusion plates are used with Fresnel type lenses to provide uniform emission and to avoid individual short wavelength emitters being directly visible at the source plane. The collection of known diffusers is complex and expensive.

CN104056289A (Chinese Patent No. 104056289A) EP 2555583A1 (European Patent No. 2555453A1) US8398264 (U.S. Pat. No. 8,398,264)

IEC standard IEC-62741

  In order to solve the problems discussed above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for white light illumination using an integrated light emitting diode structure having a disinfecting function and a tunable emission spectrum.

  One aspect of certain embodiments is to provide an integrated LED structure that functions as a white light source and includes a substrate, at least one or more light emitting areas, and two or three electrical wire control interfaces.

  Another object is to prevent human discomfort from sources having short wavelength emission, which is the predominant intensity or color.

  The present invention comprises a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, a first type of light emitting semiconductor source having sterilizing and antimicrobial properties mounted in the cavity, A light emitting semiconductor source of the second type having the function of causing the wavelength converting material to generate white light mounted therein.

  In another embodiment, an LED structure is formed on a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, a light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity, and a top of the light emitting semiconductor source. A wavelength conversion material layer, and an electrical circuit layer optionally on top of the substrate for connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electrical control interface.

  In another embodiment, an LED structure is formed on a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, a light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity, and a top of the light emitting semiconductor source. A wavelength conversion material layer, and an electric circuit layer connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electric control interface, wherein the light emitting semiconductor source is below 410 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet rays, preferably about 405 nm. And the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm.

  Typically, there is a layer of wavelength converting material formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor source, and an electrical circuit layer connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electrical control interface.

The present invention is a luminaire comprising at least one integrated LED source for facilitating white light illumination and continuous disinfection functionality, wherein the at least one integrated LED source is less than 30 nm in a range from 360 nm to 430 nm. Also provided is a luminaire having a full width human first visible light emission and a human visible second light emission peak as white light having a maximum light emission in the range of 430 nm to 700 nm. I do.

  More specifically, the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of the independent claims.

  A considerable advantage is obtained.

  Accordingly, the present invention provides an integrated LED structure and lighting fixture that achieves a continuous disinfection process.

  The present invention enables disinfection by a light source or lighting fixture that is visible to humans as a white light source that is not harmful to humans and does not cause discomfort. This goal is achieved by superimposing the short wavelength emission with the white light emission. Such white light sources or luminaires are suitable for general lighting purposes, while providing a means for disinfecting simultaneously illuminated surfaces and objects. The light-emitting area typically comprises one or several LED semiconductor diodes that are technically reliable and economically viable as the light emitters that provide the light emission.

  As disclosed in the present invention, the use of electromagnetic radiation at a wavelength of 405 nm is safe. The disclosed new type of LED source avoids the disturbing effects of short wavelength visible light.

  In certain embodiments, the invention also achieves a light source that provides for disinfection of objects and also for photosynthesis of simulated plants. Thus, the integrated LED structure can be incorporated into a white light source to provide disinfecting and antibacterial, disinfecting with antiviral (sterilizing) effects, and photosynthetic effects.

  The present invention provides disinfecting functionality for general and photosynthetic lighting enabled by the disclosed integrated LED structure and luminaire.

  Spatial integration provides an integrated LED structure having both a 405 nm emission source and a 450 nm blue emission source embedded very close to each other and below the wavelength conversion layer. In a preferred embodiment, independent control of two emissions is provided: emission at 405 nm and white emission. This allows only 405 nm radiation to be used with maximum intensity while white light emission can be extinguished in situations where white light is not required. Conversely, the emission intensity at 405 nm can be reduced or completely extinguished while maintaining a suitable level of white light illumination, for example, when a human, or animal in some applications, is present. be able to.

  With the integrated LED structure, the quality parameters of white light, such as CRI and CCT, remain constant because emission at 405 nm is a negligible contribution to luminous flux or illuminance.

  The integrated structure comprises means for spatially attaching the illuminant having a bactericidal and antibacterial effect in close proximity to the white light source, and in some embodiments even even combines them. When the short wavelength intensity of sterilization is properly chosen for the intensity of white light, the light source appears to the human eye as a normal white light source. Furthermore, the spatial arrangement ensures that the 405 nm emission is indistinguishable to humans by the superposition of white light.

  The present invention is further described by way of non-limiting example with reference to the accompanying diagram diagrams.

It is a graph which shows the spectrum weighting function of blue hazard light. 5 is a graph showing a spectral weight function of blue hazard light having a typical emission spectrum of a 405 nm light emitting diode and a typical emission spectrum of a 405 nm laser diode. 1 is a photograph of an LED source for a continuous disinfecting luminaire having a spatially combined spectrum with a white light emitter and a low wavelength light emitter in one LED source. 1 is a schematic top side view of an integrated LED structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic view of an integrated LED structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical emission spectrum of an integrated LED structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical emission spectrum of an integrated LED structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic top side view of an integrated LED structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional schematic view of an integrated LED structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical emission spectrum of an integrated LED structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a graph illustrating a typical emission spectrum of an integrated LED structure, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following description is merely a non-limiting example, and that certain details of the example can be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

  The present technology provides an integrated LED structure and a luminaire, for example, to enable a continuous disinfection process.

  In one embodiment, disinfection is achieved with a light source or luminaire that is clearly visible to humans, first as a white light source that is not harmful to humans and secondly does not cause discomfort. Such white light sources or luminaires are suitable for general lighting purposes, while at the same time providing a means for disinfecting exposed surfaces or objects.

  The technology also achieves a light source that also provides for disinfection of objects and photosynthesis of simulated plants. The disclosed integrated LED structure can be integrated into a white light source to provide disinfecting with antiseptic, antibacterial, antiviral (sterilizing), antiviral effects, and photosynthetic effects. .

  Thus, disinfection functionality can be achieved for general and photosynthetic lighting enabled by the disclosed integrated LED structure and luminaire.

  In one embodiment, the light emitting region comprises a wavelength converting material to provide a white light emitting means. The light emitting region comprises, in some preferred embodiments, one or more types of wavelength converting materials. In order to achieve high efficiency or high color rendering index (CRI) or desired color correction temperature (CCT), the materials may be mixed vertically or horizontally with different materials adjacent to each other or mixed. A layer of material, which can be layered.

  The light emitters are in some cases electrically connected in series or in parallel to enable a common current drive scheme. The control interface then has at least one wire for providing a common drive current and at least one ground wire for returning to the power supply and closing the current path. However, in some cases, the light emitters are not electrically connected to allow for independent intensity control. The control interface then has at least three wires for independently supplying the drive current and at least one ground wire for returning to the power supply and closing the current path.

  In one embodiment, the integrated LED component or package has two different types of solid state light emitters that can also be independent with respect to electrical circuitry. At the nominal operating point, the current is regulated for both emitters simultaneously, however, the electrical circuits, which are independent currents, are regulated separately and the emission looks like white light in both cases, The spectrum has a spectrally observable double peak structure with blue emission at or near 450 nm and violet emission at or near 405 nm.

  If the emission intensity at 405 nm is A and the emission intensity at 450 nm is B, the A / B ratio can be freely adjusted using two independent drive currents. In the nominal situation, the A / B ratio is adjusted so that the emission at 405 nm is human-distinguishable and within safety limits, as discussed above. The light source emits white light and provides a low intensity emission of 405 nm to provide continuous disinfection functionality.

  In one embodiment, the control of the intensity is exploited dynamically, depending on the presence of a human. In the first case with no humans, the A / B ratio can be maximized. In the second case with humans, the intensity A can be adjusted to a lower value and meets safety standards. Thus, in the typical case, there are at least two action set points. At the set point of the first operation, the drive current may be tuned up to, for example, 350 mA for a 405 nm emitter, while the drive current may be tuned down to 0 mA for a 450 nm emitter. At the set point of the second operation, the drive current is tuned down to, for example, 50 mA for a 405 nm emitter, and the drive current is tuned up to 350 mA for a 450 nm emitter. Thus, while still maintaining white emission, LEDs provide illumination with antimicrobial and germicidal effects. Such intensity tuning is beneficial to ensure safety when humans are present and to avoid exposure to high intensity emission at 405 nm.

  In some preferred modes of use, dynamic intensity tuning can be employed to adjust the 405 nm emission after a particular total emission has accumulated on the surface of the target. This can be detected by integrating the signal at a particular wavelength using a detection circuit and providing the necessary feedback to properly control the output of the integrated LED structure. This is beneficial because it reduces the energy consumption and extends the life of the LED by avoiding unnecessary use of 405 nm emitters.

  The complete emission of the white light source is formed from the sum of the emission of the 405 nm emitter, the emission of the 450 nm emitter, and the emission from the wavelength converting material caused by the emission of the 450 nm emitter.

  In some embodiments, the integrated LED structure comprises only one type of illuminant, preferably having a short wavelength emission below the wavelength of 410 nm, and a layer of wavelength converting material formed on top of the illuminant Is provided.

  In some preferred embodiments of the emission of a perfect white light source, the emission spectrum is formed from the sum of the emission from the emitter at 405 nm and the emission from the wavelength converting material caused by the emission at 405 nm.

  Preferably, the illuminant is capable of high intensity emission, thereby being formed on top of the illuminant capable of emitting a peak below 410 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet light, preferably near 405 nm. The wavelength conversion material layer can be made white by high-intensity light emission.

  In one embodiment, the wavelength converting material layer can be adapted to have a low absorption below 410 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet light. Preferably, the absorption is low at or near emission at a wavelength of at least 405 nm. The absorption of the wavelength converting material should be adapted to allow at least 10% of the emission of the semiconductor light emitting source to be transmitted through the wavelength converting material layer. Thus, the LED structure can provide efficient disinfection at the wavelength of low absorption of the wavelength conversion material layer.

  It should be appreciated that the adapted wavelength conversion material layer can support high intensity light emission that causes the wavelength conversion material layer to whiten.

  In a preferred embodiment, the wavelength converting material is a phosphorous based material, eg, YAG: Ce, that provides a white light spectrum with CRI and CCT characteristics suitable for general lighting applications. The wavelength converting material in this case has a relatively low extinction coefficient in the wavelength range from 360 to 410 nm in order to avoid excessive absorption of the emission below 410 nm.

  The light emitting region may be formed as a buried shallow cavity on a top surface of the substrate. In some preferred embodiments, the LED structure can include several light emitting areas in buried cavities of different heights.

  In some embodiments, the short wavelength emitter has an emission wavelength that has a bactericidal or antimicrobial effect. In a preferred embodiment, the short wavelength emission or intensity has no or negligible deleterious effects on human skin, human eyes, or human health in general.

  In some embodiments, the short-wavelength illuminant has an emission wavelength that has a bactericidal or antimicrobial effect, and the illuminant also emits light at wavelengths that support, enhance, and reproduce photosynthesis in plants. .

  As referred to above, in a further embodiment, the LED structure comprises a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, a light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity, and a top of the light emitting semiconductor source. It comprises a formed wavelength conversion material layer and, optionally, an electrical circuit layer on top of the substrate for connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electrical control interface. Particular embodiments of this embodiment include:

-LED structure, wherein the wavelength conversion material layer has a low absorption which allows at least 10% of the emission to be transmitted through the wavelength conversion material layer at an emission wavelength above the wavelength of the ultraviolet light and below 410 nm. To be adapted.

The LED structure, wherein the wavelength conversion material layer is whitened by the high intensity emission of the light emitting semiconductor source.

An LED structure with a second light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity and having emission at a peak wavelength of approximately 470 nm.

-LED structure, wherein the light-emitting semiconductor source has a peak emission with a wavelength in the range 365 to 410 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm.

An LED structure, wherein the light emitting region comprises a wavelength conversion material having a light emitting band with a wavelength in the range of 425 to 750 nm, and having a peak emission with a wavelength in the range of 450 to 650 nm, the full width at half maximum of the light emission is At least 50 nm.

-LED structure, where there is only one type of light emitting semiconductor source, having a peak emission in the wavelength range of 365 to 430 nm, and having a central emission located close to 405 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is Below 30 nm.

-LED structure, wherein the first type of luminescent semiconductor source has a peak emission with a wavelength in the range of 365 to 430 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm, and the local emission of the wavelength converting material Is at a wavelength in the range of 450 to 750 nm.

The LED structure, wherein the first type of luminescent semiconductor source has a peak emission with a wavelength in the range of 365 to 430 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm and the third of the wavelength converting material The emission peak is at a wavelength in the range of 450 to 750 nm.

-LED structure, where the CRI of the visible spectrum is above 70, the color temperature is between 2000K and 8000K, and at least 5% light output is emitted at wavelengths in the range between 365nm and 430nm.

  As referred to above, in a further embodiment, the LED structure comprises a substrate, a light emitting region defined as a cavity above the substrate, and at least two light emitting semiconductors having sterilizing and antimicrobial properties mounted in the cavity. Source. Both light emitting semiconductor sources cause the wavelength converting material to generate white light, and at least one of the light emitting semiconductor sources has a peak wavelength below 410 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet light, preferably at about 405 nm. And the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm. The wavelength converting material layer is formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor source, as caused by the light emitting semiconductor source. Particular embodiments of this embodiment include:

-LED structure, wherein the wavelength conversion material layer has a low absorption which allows at least 10% of the emission to be transmitted through the wavelength conversion material layer at an emission wavelength above the wavelength of the ultraviolet light and below 410 nm. To be adapted.

The LED structure, wherein the wavelength conversion material layer is whitened by the high intensity emission of the light emitting semiconductor source.

An LED structure with a second light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity and having emission at a peak wavelength of approximately 470 nm.

In one embodiment, one or more LED structures can be configured in a luminaire to provide a method. The method includes:
The light source is adjusted to provide white light illumination with antimicrobial and optional germicidal low intensity light emission in the presence of a human in the background of a white light invisible to the human eye.
-In situations where there are no humans, the white light illumination is turned off, while maximizing antimicrobial and optional germicidal emissions.

  Referring to the embodiment shown in the figure, it should be noted that in one embodiment (yellow phosphor), the LED structure comprises a substrate 100, a light emitting region inside a cavity wall 101, a wavelength conversion material layer 102, and a wavelength of 405 nm. A light emitting body 103 having a main light emission centered thereon, a light emitting body 104 having a main light emission centered at a wavelength of 450 nm, and three wire control interfaces 105 are provided.

  The light emitting region comprises a first type LED semiconductor chip 203 that emits between 385 nm and 430 nm and has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 5 to 20 nm. The light emitting region has a second type LED semiconductor chip 204 emitting between 430 nm and 500 nm, and a wavelength converting material having a peak emission between 500 nm and 700 nm and a full width at half maximum of about 100 nm. The layer 202 is also provided.

  The control interface has a three wire structure and enables independent control of the two semiconductor chips.

  The LED structure emits a spectrum as shown in FIG. By controlling the current in the first semiconductor chip that emits at 405 nm, the spectrum can be dynamically tuned, as shown in FIG. 6 (dotted and dashed lines). Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 6 (solid line), the wavelength conversion material is changed.

  In another embodiment (UV phosphor), the LED structure comprises a substrate 300, a light-emitting area inside a cavity wall 301, two wavelength-converting material layers 302, two main light-emissions centered at 365 nm and 430 nm. A light emitter 303 and two wire control interfaces 305 are provided.

  The light emitting region comprises a single type of LED semiconductor chip 403 that emits at 405 nm and has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of about 14 nm. The light emitting region also has a wavelength conversion material layer 402 that has a relatively high extinction coefficient at 405 nm, has a peak emission between 500 nm and 700 nm, and typically has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) greater than 30 nm.

  The control interface has a two-wire structure and allows electrical control of the light emitter chip.

  The LED structure emits a spectrum as shown in FIG. Another set of tests was performed using a spatially combined LED with 405 nm emission completely embedded in the white emission of a 5630 package type standard surface mount device (SMD). A schematic display of the present embodiment is shown in FIGS.

  Two GaN semiconductor chips emitting central light at a wavelength of 405 nm were first mounted in a 5630 package and wire bonded. The chips were very close to each other. A wavelength conversion layer was then distributed over these two chips into the cavity of the 5630 package. The thickness of the wavelength conversion layer and the concentration of phosphorus were varied to find the optimum thickness and concentration. The five samples therefore have slightly varying characteristics with respect to CRI, CCT and efficiency. Since 405 nm was completely embedded in the wavelength conversion layer, 405 nm emission could not be visually distinguished from white emission.

  FIG. 11 shows the spectrum of the above structure. The solid curve in the figure shows a typical measured spectrum of a sample LED.

  High transmission of the 405 nm emission through the wavelength conversion layer was possible and was measured to be between 17 mW and 24 mW, while the total light output was measured to be from 116 mW to 126 mW. These sample units had electricity to light conversion efficiencies from 33% to 36%. The CRI of the white light was 83-95 with a CCT of 4954K-6918K.

The following table shows the measured test results of these LED samples.

  The embodiments described above have the added advantage that white emission has no emission peak at 405 nm. As is well known, blue wavelengths are considered harmful (blue harmful). This embodiment provides safer white light illumination.

  The disclosed embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, process steps, or materials disclosed herein, and equivalents thereof, as will be appreciated by those skilled in the relevant art. It should be understood that

  The terminology used herein is used for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to be limiting.

  Reference to “one embodiment” or “an embodiment” throughout this specification means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. I do. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.

  As used herein, a plurality of items, structural elements, components, and / or materials may be presented in a common list for convenience. However, these lists should be construed as if each member of the list was individually identified as a distinct and unique member. Therefore, any individual member of such a list should not be construed as a de facto equivalent of any other member of the same list, based solely on being in a common group, unless indicated to the contrary. . Moreover, various embodiments and examples of the invention can be referred to herein in connection with their various component alternatives. Such embodiments, examples, and alternatives are not to be construed as de facto equivalents of one another, but rather as separate, independent expressions of the invention.

  Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided, such as examples of length, width, shape, etc., to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present invention. The relevant person skilled in the relevant art will recognize, however, that the present invention may be practiced without one or more of the specific details or with other methods, components, materials, and the like. In other instances, well-known structures, materials or operations have not been shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present invention.

  Although the foregoing examples are illustrative of the principles of the present invention in one or more specific applications, numerous changes in the form, use, and details of the principles and principles of the present invention may occur without practice of inventive strength. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that things can be done without departing from the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not intended to be limited, except as by the appended claims.

  The integrated LED of the present invention has example applications in, but not limited to, food production and processing sites, airplanes and hospitals. The function of having white light illumination and at the same time having disinfection functionality can greatly reduce infectious diseases. A particularly interesting application is refrigerators for home use. In such a closed environment, a low cost, energy efficient integrated LED structure can be applied in a very efficient manner. While the refrigerator door is closed, the short wavelength disinfection emission can be turned on with high intensity and the white light can be turned off. Again, while someone opens the door, the short wavelength emission can be turned off and the white light can be turned on.

  Another application for continuous disinfection using white light is found on fruit, vegetable, fish and meat desks in grocery stores. The use of such continuous disinfection white light will reduce the risk of spread of infection, while increasing the shelf life of the fresh product.

  In the hospital operating room as well as in patient rooms and aircraft, white light with disinfecting functionality can be applied to reduce the risk of infection.

  The alternative use of greenhouses and food factories provides photosynthesis (so-called growth) for plants, while at the same time providing bactericidal or antibacterial effects for plants.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 substrate 101 cavity wall 102 wavelength conversion material layer 103, 104 light emitter 105 control interface 200 substrate 201 cavity wall 202 wavelength conversion material layer 203, 204 semiconductor chip 300 substrate 301 cavity wall 302 wavelength conversion material layer 303 light emitter 305 Control interface 400 Substrate 401 Cavity wall 402 Wavelength conversion material layer 403 Semiconductor chip

Claims (21)

An LED structure, wherein the LED structure comprises:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having sterilizing and antimicrobial properties mounted in said cavity,
Both of the light emitting semiconductor sources cause a wavelength converting material to generate white light, and at least one of the light emitting semiconductor sources has a wavelength of less than 410 nm, preferably approximately 405 nm, above the wavelength of ultraviolet light. At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having emission at a peak wavelength, wherein the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm;
A wavelength converting material layer formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor source as caused by the light emitting semiconductor source.   The wavelength conversion material layer has a low absorption that allows at least 10% of the emission to be transmitted through the wavelength conversion material layer at emission wavelengths above the wavelength of ultraviolet light and below 410 nm. The LED structure according to claim 1, adapted.   3. The LED structure according to claim 2, wherein the wavelength conversion material layer is whitened by the high intensity emission of the light emitting semiconductor source.   The LED structure of claim 1, comprising a second light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity and having emission at a wavelength of approximately 470 nm peak.   The first type of luminescent semiconductor source has a peak emission at a wavelength in the range of 365 nm to 430 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is less than 30 nm, and the third emission peak of the wavelength converting material is from 450 nm. The LED structure according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the LED structure is at a wavelength in the range of 750nm.   6. The CRI of the visible spectrum is greater than 70, the color temperature is between 2000K and 8000K, and at least 5% light output is emitted at wavelengths in the range between 365nm and 430nm. The LED structure according to claim 1.   The LED according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the light emitting semiconductor source is connected to an electric control interface by an electric circuit layer so that the light emitting semiconductor source can be controlled independently. Construction. An LED structure, wherein the LED structure comprises:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
A light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity;
A wavelength conversion material layer formed on the top of the light emitting semiconductor source;
An electric circuit layer connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electric control interface,
The LED structure, wherein the luminescent semiconductor source has emission at a peak wavelength below 410 nm, preferably above 405 nm, preferably above 405 nm, and the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm.   9. The method of claim 8, wherein the luminescent semiconductor source has the peak emission at a wavelength in the range of 365 nm to 410 nm, and the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm.   9. The LED structure of claim 8, comprising a second light emitting semiconductor source mounted in said cavity and having emission at a peak wavelength of approximately 470 nm.   The light emitting region comprises a wavelength conversion material having emission of the peak having a wavelength in a range of 450 nm to 650 nm, a full width at half maximum of the emission is at least 50 nm, and an emission band having a wavelength in a range of 425 nm to 750 nm. An LED structure according to claim 8 or claim 9.   12. The LED structure according to any one of claims 8 to 11, wherein there is only one type of light emitting semiconductor source having a central emission located near 405nm.   A first type of luminescent semiconductor source has a peak emission at wavelengths in the range of 365 nm to 430 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is less than 30 nm, and the local emission peak of the wavelength converting material is 450 nm to 750 nm. 13. The LED structure according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the LED structure has a wavelength in the range:   The first type of luminescent semiconductor source has a peak emission at a wavelength in the range of 365 nm to 430 nm, the full width at half maximum of the emission is less than 30 nm, and the third emission peak of the wavelength converting material is from 450 nm. 9. The LED structure according to claim 8, wherein the LED structure is at a wavelength in the range of 750 nm.   15. The CRI of the visible spectrum is greater than 70, the color temperature is between 2000K and 8000K, and at least 5% light output is emitted at a wavelength in the range between 365nm and 430nm. The LED structure according to claim 1. A lighting fixture comprising an LED structure, wherein the LED structure comprises:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having sterilizing and antimicrobial properties mounted in said cavity,
Both of the light emitting semiconductor sources cause a wavelength converting material to generate white light, and at least one of the light emitting semiconductor sources has a wavelength of less than 410 nm, preferably approximately 405 nm, above the wavelength of ultraviolet light. At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having emission at a peak wavelength, wherein the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm;
A wavelength conversion material layer formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor source as caused by the light emitting semiconductor source. A lighting device comprising an LED structure, wherein the LED structure comprises:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
A light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity;
A wavelength conversion material layer formed on the top of the light emitting semiconductor source;
An electric circuit layer connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electric control interface,
The lighting fixture, wherein the luminescent semiconductor source has emission at a peak wavelength of less than 410 nm, preferably about 405 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet light, and the full width at half maximum of the emission is less than 30 nm. A method of handling an object with an LED structure to obtain a bactericidal effect, an antibacterial effect, or an antiviral effect, wherein the LED structure includes:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having sterilizing and antimicrobial properties mounted in said cavity,
Both of the light emitting semiconductor sources cause a wavelength converting material to generate white light, and at least one of the light emitting semiconductor sources has a wavelength of less than 410 nm, preferably approximately 405 nm, above the wavelength of ultraviolet light. At least two light emitting semiconductor sources having emission at a peak wavelength, wherein the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm;
A wavelength converting material layer formed on top of the light emitting semiconductor source as caused by the light emitting semiconductor source. A method of handling an object with an LED structure to obtain a bactericidal effect, an antibacterial effect, or an antiviral effect, wherein the LED structure includes:
Board and
A light-emitting region defined as a cavity on the substrate;
A light emitting semiconductor source mounted in the cavity;
A wavelength conversion material layer formed on the top of the light emitting semiconductor source;
An electric circuit layer connecting the light emitting semiconductor source to an electric control interface,
The method, wherein the luminescent semiconductor source has emission at a peak wavelength below 410 nm, preferably about 405 nm above the wavelength of ultraviolet light, and the full width at half maximum of the emission is below 30 nm. A luminaire comprising at least one integrated LED source for facilitating white light illumination and continuous disinfection functionality, wherein the at least one integrated LED source comprises:
A first emission invisible to the human eye with a full width at half maximum of less than 30 nm from 360 nm to 430 nm,
A luminaire having an additional emission peak visible to the human eye as white light having a maximum emission in the range from 430 nm to 700 nm. A luminaire comprising at least one integrated LED source for facilitating white light illumination and continuous disinfection functionality, wherein the at least one integrated LED source comprises:
A first emission invisible to the human eye with a full width at half maximum of less than 5 nm from 395 nm to 408 nm,
A second light visible to the human eye as white light having a maximum light emission in the range from 450 nm to 700 nm.