JP2020204228A - Method for forming recess on object capable of being excavated - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a method for forming a recess on an object capable of being excavated, the method being capable of securely and appropriately quarrying a block on the object capable of being excavated, such as a rock bed or a concrete body, from the outside to the inside in a deep direction or depth direction and being capable of forming the recess efficiently.SOLUTION: A method for forming a recess on an object capable of being excavated includes: a groove formation step of performing work of excavating a wall surface 1a of the object capable of being excavated to the inside to form a contour groove P in a contour shape of the recess and work of excavating the object's inward wall surface enclosed by the contour shape of the recess to the inside to form a segmentation groove Q for individually segmenting blocks 3 to be quarried so that the segmentation groove is connected to the contour groove, to make the blocks to be quarried be in a state in which only their inside sides are connected to the object; a block fracture step of providing a rock breaking device in the segmentation groove to fracture the blocks in the state in which their inside sides are connected to the object from the object using the rock breaking device; and a recess formation step of removing, from the object, the blocks fractured from the object to form the recess on the object.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

According to the present invention, it is possible to reliably and appropriately cut out a block of an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction or the depth direction, and the size of the object is large. Regardless, the present invention relates to a method of forming a recess in an excavable object capable of efficiently forming a recess.

Techniques that can be used to excavate rock or the like to form recesses are disclosed, for example, in Patent Documents 1 to 3. In the "excavation method" of Patent Document 1, cylinders are arranged substantially in parallel, and a part or all of the cylinders are arranged on a sliding plate and inserted into a hole excavated in advance in a rock or the like, and pressure is applied to the cylinder to apply pressure to the rock. Etc. are crushed and excavated. At that time, a cylinder for pushing a wedge into the bedrock is installed at the same time for excavation, or a slit is cut in advance with a water jet or the like in the hole for excavation. Patent Document 1 can handle rock blocks by applying it to rocks surrounded by free surfaces.

In the "method of crushing rocks and the like" of Patent Document 2, a plurality of holes are formed in the rocks and the like, and an elastic member that expands with the liquid supplied to the inside is inserted into some of the holes. , A wedge driven by a fluid cylinder is inserted into some of the other holes among the plurality of holes, and a pressurized fluid is simultaneously supplied to the elastic member and the fluid cylinder to form rocks and the like with the elastic member and the wedge. In addition to crushing, the gaps between crushed rocks and the like are held by wedges.

In the "tunnel excavation method using a rock breaking device" of Patent Document 3, a horizontal slit hole and a tunnel outer peripheral slit hole are drilled in parallel with the tunnel excavation axis, and a plurality of cracked rock holes are drilled in parallel with the horizontal slit hole. Then, a crushing device using an elastic expansion body is inserted into each of the holes to control the hydraulic pressure generator connected to the device to generate cracks in the bedrock and to create a gap between the split rock hole and the crushing device. , The hydraulic pressure generator is made easy to take out.

Jitsukaisho 61-202583 full-text specification Special Fair 4-28080 Gazette Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-317489

In each of the background technologies, a crushing device or the like capable of crushing the rock or the like is provided in each of a plurality of holes formed side by side at intervals in the bedrock or the like, and each crushing device or the like causes a crack from the hole. , Rocks, etc. are crushed so that excavation can be performed.

When considering the application of Patent Documents 2 and 3 except for Patent Document 1, which is premised on having a free surface when forming a recess from the outside of a bedrock or the like toward the inside, cracks generated from the hole are found. , It does not always go to the adjacent hole, that is, it is not always possible to obtain a series of cracks connecting the holes and block the bedrock etc., and in the formation of the recess, after all, the breaker etc. while using the crack There was a problem that it took a lot of time and effort because the work of crushing was required.

In order to accurately generate a series of cracks connecting the holes so that the bedrock etc. can be blocked to form a recess, a large number of holes are densely excavated so as to narrow the intervals, and then these many holes are formed. On the other hand, it is necessary to install and operate a large number of crushing devices and the like, and there is a problem that a large amount of time and labor are required for excavation work and crushing work.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is surely and appropriately applied to an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body from the outside toward the inner part in the depth direction or the depth direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for forming a recess in an excavable object capable of cutting out a block and efficiently forming a recess.

The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention is to make a recess in an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body by cutting out a block from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction or the depth direction. It is a method of forming a place, that is, the work of excavating a contour groove with the contour shape of the recess from the outside to the inside of the object, and the object inside the object surrounded by the contour shape of the recess. The block to be cut out is excavated so as to be connected to the contour groove from the outside to the inside of the block, and the block to be cut out is connected to the object only on the inner back side. A groove forming step to bring the concrete into a state of being present, and a rock breaking device for applying an expanding force to widen the groove width are installed in the dividing groove, and the block in a state where the inner back side is connected to the object is the target with the rock breaking device. It is characterized by including a block breaking step of breaking from an object and a recess forming step of removing the block broken from the object from the object to form the recess in the object.

An additional block fracture is provided in the contour groove by installing the rock breaking device that applies an expanding force to widen the groove width, and breaking the block in a state where the inner back side is connected to the object by the rock breaking device. It is characterized by including a process.

Both the contour groove and the dividing groove are formed by continuous holes in which holes formed by excavation are connected to each other in a series, and the holes are formed by a drilling device capable of excavating at least two or more holes at the same time. It is characterized by being done.

The partitioning groove is characterized in that an installation hole having a hole diameter larger than the hole diameter is formed in order to enable installation of the rock breaking device having a high output.

The contour groove is characterized in that an installation hole having a hole diameter larger than the hole diameter of the hole is formed in order to enable installation of the rock breaking device having a high output.

The drilling device is provided with a plurality of drilling bits for simultaneously drilling the plurality of holes, and at least one of the drilling bits is provided with the installation hole at the same time as drilling the hole. It is characterized in that a drilling bit for excavation is detachably attached.

The block breaking step is characterized in that one of the adjacent blocks is supported by the expanding force and the other block is broken from the object.

The additional block breaking step is characterized in that the object supports the spreading force and breaks the block from the object.

The other dividing groove or the contour groove adjacent to the dividing groove in which the breaking rock device is installed is provided with a padding for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force of the breaking rock device.

The excavation dimension of the contour groove or the dividing groove is characterized in that it is at least twice the length dimension of the rock splitting device installed in these grooves.

In the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention, the excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body is surely and surely directed from the outside toward the inner part in the depth direction or the depth direction. The block can be cut out appropriately, and the recess can be formed efficiently.

It is a perspective view which shows an example of the recess formation part to which the recess formation method to the excavable object which concerns on this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing of the groove formation process in one preferred embodiment of the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining an example of the drilling apparatus used in the groove forming process shown in FIG. It is an enlarged view of the main part of the contour groove and the dividing groove formed by the hole drilling apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and the installation hole. It is explanatory drawing explaining the state which attached the drilling bit to the drilling bit of the drilling apparatus shown in FIG. It is explanatory drawing of the block breaking process in one preferred embodiment of the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing explaining an example of the rock breaking apparatus used for the block breaking process shown in FIG. 7. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 7. It is explanatory drawing of the recess formation process in one preferred embodiment of the recess formation method in the excavable object which concerns on this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a recess formed in an object by the recess forming step shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the other example of the recess formation part to which the recess formation method to the excavable object which concerns on this invention is applied.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 11 show sequentially the procedure for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method of forming a recess according to the present embodiment is performed on an elevation surface, for example, a wall surface 1a, which extends in the vertical and horizontal directions of various excavable objects 1 such as a bedrock and a concrete body. When forming a lateral recess 2 (see FIGS. 10 and 11) from the outside to the inner back in the depth direction with a desired contour shape, or on a plane extending in the front-back and left-right directions of the object, for example, a floor surface. , It is applied when forming a vertical recess toward the inner depth in the depth direction with a desired contour shape from the outside of the object.

Hereinafter, a case where a lateral recess 2 is formed on the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside toward the inner back in the depth direction will be described as an example. The same applies to the case where a vertical recess is formed on the floor surface of the object from the outside toward the inner back in the depth direction.

The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the present embodiment is to form a recess 2 by cutting out a block 3 from the object 1.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, first, a groove forming step of forming narrow slot-shaped grooves P and Q on the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside is performed. Two types of grooves P and Q are formed.

One groove P is a contour groove P formed by the contour shape X (see FIG. 1) of the recess 2 by performing the work of excavating the object 1 from the outside to the inside in the horizontal direction.

The contour groove P is continuously formed in a series along the contour shape X of the recess 2 without interruption. In the illustrated example, in the contour groove P, a pair of upward groove portions Pb are extended upward from both ends of the bottom groove portion Pa extending along the lower edge of the wall surface 1a, and these upward groove portions Pb are above the wall surface 1a. They are connected in an arcuate manner to form a series.

It is desirable to form the bottom groove portion Pa before the upward groove portion Pb. This is because if the upward groove portion Pb is formed first, a settling load acts on the portion where the bottom groove portion Pa is formed later, making it difficult to excavate.

Further, by forming the bottom groove portion Pa, it is possible to prevent unexpected cracks that may occur in the object 1 from spreading to the surroundings.

The other groove Q is excavated laterally in the horizontal direction from the outside to the inside of the inner object 1 surrounded by the contour shape X (contour groove P) of the recess 2. It is a plurality of dividing grooves Q that divide the inside of the shape X into individual blocks 3 to be cut out.

The dividing groove Q is formed, for example, in a straight line with a space between each other in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, and is formed so as to connect the start end and the end end to the contour groove P. The dividing groove Q is not limited to the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, but may be formed in other directions, or may be formed in a curved shape.

In the illustrated example, the dividing grooves Q are formed in a grid shape intersecting each other in a range surrounded by the contour groove P, with two in the vertical direction in the vertical direction and three in the horizontal direction in the left and right directions.

Either of the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q may be formed in advance. If the contour groove P is formed in advance, it is possible to prevent the vibration generated at the time of excavation of the dividing groove Q from propagating to the object 1 due to the edge cutting by the contour groove P.

The size of the block 3 to be cut out is defined as a size surrounded by the dividing grooves Q or surrounded by the dividing groove Q and the contour groove P. In the illustrated example, 12 blocks 3 are cut out in 3 rows in the horizontal direction and 4 rows in the vertical direction with a size corresponding to the spacing dimension of the dividing groove Q.

As shown in FIG. 3, the contour groove P and the plurality of dividing grooves Q are formed with substantially the same excavation dimensions in the depth direction from the wall surface 1a.

Each block 3 surrounded by the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q and whose size is defined has a cantilevered square columnar or triangular columnar shape in which only the inner inner side 3a is connected to the object 1. It is said that.

Both the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q formed in the groove forming step are formed by using a drilling device 5 for drilling a hole 4 in the object 1.

As shown in FIG. 4, the drilling device 5 is provided with a plurality of, at least two or more drilling bits 6 side by side and adjacent to each other, and the holes 4 formed by excavation are adjacent to each other in a single drilling operation. It is designed to form a series of continuous holes that are connected to each other.

FIG. 4A is a plan view of the drilling device 5, and FIG. 4B is a front view of a continuous hole formed by the drilling device 5. The figure shows an example of a drilling device 5 having two drilling bits 6 for drilling two holes 4 at the same time.

As an example of this type of drilling device 5, "Slot Star" (trade name) manufactured by Okumura Corporation is known.

In the "slot star", the guide 7 is inserted into the pilot hole formed in advance, and the two rods 8 to which the drilling bits 6 are mounted are simultaneously reciprocated in the front-rear direction by the drifter to reciprocate two adjacent rods. The holes 4 are simultaneously excavated and formed while being connected to each other.

After that, the guide 7 is inserted into the hole 4 after excavation, and the rod 8 is driven in the same manner by the drifter, so that two holes 4 are formed in a connected state.

By repeating this operation, as shown in FIG. 5, a series of continuous holes, that is, a narrow slot-shaped contour groove P and a dividing groove Q in which the hole diameter d of the hole 4 is substantially the groove width dimension are formed. It has become so.

Of course, the drilling device 5 may have a configuration having three or more holes for drilling 6 so that three or more holes 4 can be drilled at the same time.

In the groove forming step, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a hole 4 is provided in the dividing groove Q so that a rock breaking device 9 described later can be installed, particularly a rock breaking device 9 having a high output and high rock breaking performance. An installation hole 10 having a hole diameter D larger than the hole diameter d (approximately the groove width dimension of the dividing groove Q) is formed.

As will be described in the block breaking step described later, when a lateral recess 2 is formed on the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside toward the inner back in the depth direction, only the inner inner back side 3a becomes the object 1. In order to break the connected cantilevered blocks 3, it is preferable to use the own weight of the blocks 3, and therefore, the rock splitting device 9 may be installed in the dividing groove Q located above each block 3. desirable.

Therefore, for each of the blocks 3, an installation hole 10 for installing the rock splitting device 9 is formed in the partition groove Q on the upper side of the block 3 (in the case of the block (b) in FIG. 2, the partition groove). It becomes the installation hole 10a of Qa).

In the above-mentioned drilling device 5 shown in FIG. 4, at least one of the drilling bits 6 has a hole having a larger hole diameter and a larger hole diameter than the drilling bit 6 as shown in FIG. A drilling bit 11 capable of excavating the installation hole 10) is detachably attached.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, the drilling device 5 uses the drilling bit 11 to excavate the hole 4 (formation of the dividing groove Q) by the adjacent drilling bit 6, that is, the dividing groove Q. The installation hole 10 is formed at an appropriate timing during the forming work of the above.

After the formation of the installation hole 10 is completed, the drilling bit 11 is removed from the drilling bit 6, and the excavation of the hole 4 (formation of the dividing groove Q) is continued.

In the illustrated example, the upper side of the block 3 (block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3) located at the uppermost stage in the center in the left-right direction is not the dividing groove Q but the contour groove P, so that the contour groove P is used. Similarly, the installation hole 10 is formed at an appropriate timing during the formation work of the contour groove P. The installation holes 10 may be collectively formed after the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q are formed.

Further, in order to efficiently proceed with the block breaking process using the rock splitting device 9, the installation hole 10 further increases the upward groove portion Pb of the contour groove P and each block 3 on the right side of the block 3 as necessary. It is also additionally formed in the partition groove Q on the left side. However, if the rock splitting device 9 can be inserted into the hole 4, the additional installation hole 10 is not necessarily provided.

As shown in the illustrated example, a dividing groove Q for dividing each block 3 to be broken from the object 1 by the rock breaking device 9 is formed in the horizontal direction on the left and right, whereby the block 3 is vertically adjacent to the upper and lower sides of the wall surface 1a. When formed at intervals in the direction, the size of the upper block 3 becomes larger than the size of the lower block 3 (in FIGS. 2 and 3, blocks (a) and blocks (b), or blocks ( The spacing dimensions (vertical spacing dimensions: H, H1 <H2 <H3 <H4) are set narrower at the bottom and wider at the top, as described in (b) and the relationship between the block (c) and the like).

Each block 3 is in a cantilever state in which only the inner inner side 3a is connected to the object 1, and the bond strength of the block 3 with the object 1 is higher in terms of size (bonding area) alone. Block 3 is larger than block 3 below.

In the illustrated example, the vertical spacing dimension H of the dividing groove Q is set so that the bonding strength increases sequentially from the lowermost block 3 (block (a)) to the uppermost block 3 (block (d)). , It is set to gradually increase from the bottom to the top (H1 <H2 <H3 <H4).

By making the upper and lower blocks 3 have different bond strengths with respect to the object 1, when the block 3 is broken by the rock splitting device 9, one block 3 (upper block) is supported by a force. As a result, the breaking force can be effectively applied to the other block 3 (lower block).

After forming the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q by the groove forming step, a block breaking step of breaking all the blocks 3 from the object 1 is performed.

In the block breaking step, a rock splitting device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q, specifically, in the installation hole 10 as shown in FIG. 7, by applying an expanding force F for expanding the groove width of the dividing groove Q having a narrow groove width. Will be done.

The rock breaking device 9 preferably has a long dimension in the depth direction of the dividing groove Q and can expand the groove width over a predetermined long distance.

As an example of this type of rock breaking device 9, a "hydraulic rock breaking machine lock splitter" (trade name) manufactured by Chubu Rock Drill Service Co., Ltd. is known.

As shown in FIG. 8, the “lock splitter”, which is an example of the rock breaking device 9, is a cylinder in the length direction (depth direction of the dividing groove Q) of the rod-shaped cylinder 13 into which the flood pressure is introduced from the hydraulic pump 12. A plurality of pistons 14 that are driven to project from the 13 by flood control are arranged in the length direction of the cylinder 13, and the cylinder 13 is inserted into the rock splitting target portion and the piston 14 is projected from the cylinder 13 to cause a crack in the rock splitting target portion. It has become like.

FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the rock breaking device 9 (lock splitter), and FIG. 8B is a side view showing the protruding operation of the piston 14 of the rock breaking device 9 (lock splitter).

In the block breaking step of the present embodiment, as described above, of the upper and lower blocks 3 adjacent to each other via the dividing groove Q, the upper block 3 is set as the support side, and the breaking force is applied to the lower block 3. In the rock breaking device 9, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, the cylinder 13 is applied to the lower surface of the upper block 3 that supports the expanding force F, and the piston 14 that is driven to project breaks. It is installed by inserting it into the installation hole 10 so as to face the block 3 below the receiver.

Since the hole diameter D of the installation hole 10 is formed to be larger than the hole diameter d of the hole 4 forming the dividing groove Q, the block 3 can be broken by installing the high-power rock breaking device 9.

The rock breaking device 9 applies an expanding force F that widens the groove width of the dividing groove Q to the upper and lower blocks 3. As shown in FIG. 9, this expanding force F pushes down the lower block 3 with respect to the upper block 3, and cantilever connected to the object 1 only by the object 1 and the inner inner back side 3a. A split C is inserted into the block 3 in the state at the tip position of the rock splitting device 9, and the block 3 is broken from the object 1. At this time, the weight of the upper block 3 can also contribute to supporting the expansion force F.

The rock breaking device 9 can generate a maximum shearing force at the tip of the rock breaking device 9 as the lower block 3 is pushed down by the protrusion of the piston 14 simply by inserting it shallowly into the dividing groove Q, and from that position. The block 3 can be broken efficiently. The excavation dimensions of the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q are preferably longer than the length dimension of the rock breaking device 9 installed in these grooves P and Q, and particularly preferably at least twice the length dimension of the rock breaking device 9. .. That is, if the excavation dimensions of the grooves P and Q are made longer than twice the length dimension of the rock splitting device 9, the split C is inserted into the block 3 over almost the length dimension of the rock splitting device 9, and the block 3 is broken. After removing the block 3, by inserting the rock-breaking device 9 into the hole 4 remaining in the back, the block 3 can be broken from the object 1 again by utilizing the already formed hole 4. , You can work efficiently.

At this time, since the upper block 3 has a higher bond strength to the object 1 than the lower block 3, the rock breaking device 9 can be stably supported and operated.

Further, in the block breaking step, the rock breaking device 9 is installed in the dividing groove Q located above the block 3 to be broken.

In this way, when the rock breaking device 9 is operated on the lower block 3 to be broken and the lower block 3 is pushed down, the weight of the lower block 3 itself can also contribute to the generation of crack C. it can.

In addition, since the rock splitting device 9 is installed in the partition groove Q on the upper side of the block 3 below the fracture target to perform the work, the rock splitting device 9 becomes an underlay of the fractured block 3, making it difficult to take out. Can be avoided.

Breaking of the uppermost block 3 (for example, block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is carried out as an additional block breaking step after the block breaking step is carried out.

In the case of the block breaking step, the additional block breaking step is carried out by installing the rock breaking device 9 in the installation hole 10 formed in the contour groove P so as to apply an expanding force F that widens the groove width of the contour groove P. It is carried out in the same way as.

Specifically, among the object 1 and the block 3 adjacent to each other on the upper and lower sides of the contour groove P, the rock splitting device 9 exerts a breaking force on the block 3 with the object 1 as the support side. The cylinder 13 is applied to the lower surface of the object 1 that supports F, and the piston 14 that is driven to project is inserted into the installation hole 10 so as to face the block 3 that is subjected to the breaking action.

The rock breaking device 9 applies an expanding force F that widens the groove width of the contour groove P to the object 1 and the block 3. By this expanding force F, the block 3 is pushed down with respect to the object 1, and the split C is inserted into the cantilevered block 3 which is connected to the object 1 only by the object 1 and the inner inner side 3a. The block 3 is broken from the object 1.

At this time, since the block 3 is only connected to the object 1 in a cantilever state and the bonding strength is small, the spreading force F of the rock splitting device 9 is stably supported on the object 1 side, and the block 3 is supported. Can be broken.

Further, when the block 3 is pushed down by the rock breaking device 9, the weight of the block 3 can also contribute to the generation of crack C.

In the additional block breaking step, since the rock splitting device 9 is installed in the contour groove P, the object 1 does not collapse and can be taken out from the installation location without any trouble.

In the above block breaking step, among the vertically adjacent blocks 3, the lower block 3 is broken from the object 1, and then the upper block 3 is broken from the object 1, and the additional block breaking step is I try to do it last.

Specifically, when the lowermost block 3 (block (a) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is broken, the block 3 is dropped into the bottom groove portion Pa of the contour groove P. After that, when the block 3 directly above (block (b) in FIGS. 2 and 3) is broken, this block 3 is placed on the block 3 which has already been broken and dropped into the bottom groove portion Pa. It is dropped so as to sink by the width of the groove.

In this order, as shown in FIG. 10, by sequentially breaking from the bottom block 3 to the top block 3, a large gap can be formed between the block 3 and the object 1 when the block 3 is removed. Therefore, it can be smoothly removed from the uppermost block 3 (block (d) in FIGS. 2 and 3).

Further, in the block breaking step, the rock splitting device 9 is installed in the upward groove portion Pb of the contour groove P, which is additionally formed as needed as described above, and also in the dividing groove Q on the right side or the left side of the block 3. Then, the breaking work of the block 3 may be assisted so that the work can proceed efficiently.

In the block breaking step, as shown in FIG. 9, a padding 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock splitting device 9 in another partitioning groove Q adjacent to the partitioning groove Q in which the rock splitting device 9 is installed. May be provided.

Specifically, as described above, of the upper and lower blocks 3 adjacent to each other via the dividing groove Q, the upper block 3 is set as the support side, and the breaking force is applied to the lower block 3. Since the rock splitting device 9 is installed in the installation hole 10 of the dividing groove Q on the lower block 3 to be broken, the padding 15 has the expanding force F in the upper block 3 on the support side. It is provided by inserting it into another dividing groove Q on the upper block 3 for the purpose of obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock splitting device 9 so as not to lift it.

The padding 15 is formed longer than the cylinder 13 length of the rock breaking device 9, and is inserted to a position deeper than the insertion depth of the rock breaking device 9 so that a sufficient reaction force can be obtained.

By providing the padding 15, not the block 3 to be broken but the block 3 on the support side is broken, and the rock splitting device 9 becomes an underlay, which causes an unintended situation and hinders the work. You can avoid that.

Even when the contour groove P is adjacent to the dividing groove Q in which the rock breaking device 9 is installed, if a padding 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock breaking device 9 is provided in the contour groove P, the fracture target Block 3 can be accurately broken.

Finally, the block 3 broken from the object 1 is removed from the object 1, and a recess forming step of forming the recess 2 in the object 1 is performed.

As shown in FIG. 10, all the blocks are pulled out by a heavy machine from the upper block 3 to the lower block 3 which are broken and piled up in order from the lower one, by wire hooking 16 or the like. Remove block 3.

The removal of the block 3 in the recess forming step may be performed after the breakage of all the blocks 3 is completed, or each row of each of the three rows in the left-right direction each time the breakage of the block 3 is completed. It may be done individually or either.

If each row is individually removed, one block 3 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction does not roll over to the other block 3 side, and the removal work can be smoothly performed.

When the block 3 is removed, as shown in FIG. 11, a recess 2 is formed in the object 1 after the removal of the block 3 toward the inner back in the depth direction.

The recess 2 can be deeply dug in the object 1 by further starting from the groove forming step and performing the above step again.

In the method of forming a recess in an excavable object according to the above-described embodiment, various excavable objects 1 such as a bedrock and a concrete body are formed from the outside in the depth direction and the depth direction. The work of excavating the contour groove P with the contour shape X of the recess 2 and the contour groove P from the outside to the inside of the inner object 1 surrounded by the contour shape X of the recess 2 are connected to the back. As described above, the work of excavating the dividing groove Q for individually dividing the block 3 to be cut out is performed, and the groove forming step is carried out so that only the inner inner side 3a of the block 3 to be cut out is connected to the object 1. The block 3 can be reliably formed by the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q without expecting a crack as in the background technology, and the expanding force F that widens the groove width in the dividing groove Q. By installing a rock breaking device 9 and performing a block breaking step in which the block 3 in a state where only the inner inner back side 3a is connected to the object 1 is broken from the object 1 by the rock breaking device 9, the inside of the block 3 is broken. Since the block 3 can be reliably broken at the back side 3a, the block 3 can be appropriately cut out, and the recess 2 can be efficiently formed in the object 1.

Since the block 3 is cut out, there is no work of generating noise or vibration such as rock drilling or blasting by the breaker except for the groove forming process of forming the hole 4 and the installation hole 10 in the drilling device 5, which adversely affects the surrounding environment. The recess 2 can be statically formed without exerting.

An additional rock splitting device 9 that applies an expanding force F to widen the groove width is installed in the contour groove P, and the block 3 in a state where the inner inner back side 3a is connected to the object 1 is broken from the object 1 by the rock splitting device 9. Since the block breaking step of the above is included, all the blocks 3 can be appropriately cut out.

Both the contour groove P and the dividing groove Q are formed by continuous holes in which holes 4 formed by excavation are connected to each other in a series, and the holes 4 are drilling devices 5 capable of excavating at least two or more at the same time. Since it is formed by, the grooves P and Q can be excavated efficiently and seamlessly.

In the dividing groove Q and the contour groove P, an installation hole 10 having a hole diameter D larger than the hole diameter d of the hole 4 is formed in order to enable the installation of the high-power fractured rock device 9, so that the dividing groove Q is formed. The block 3 can be efficiently broken from the object 1 by the high-power rock breaking device 9 without being limited by the groove width of the contour groove P.

Since the installation hole 10 for installing the rock breaking device 9 is separately formed, the groove widths of the dividing groove Q and the contour groove P may be narrow, and excavation can be performed efficiently.

The rock breaking device 9 can generate a maximum shearing force at the tip of the rock breaking device 9 to accurately break the block 3.

The drilling device 5 is provided with a plurality of drilling bits 6 for simultaneously drilling a plurality of holes 4, and at least one of the drilling bits 6 is provided with an installation hole 10 at the same time as drilling the holes 4. Since the drilling bit 11 for excavating the excavation is detachably attached, the dividing groove Q and the contour groove P can be used in almost continuous work by efficient refilling using the same drilling device 5. And the installation hole 10 provided in the middle of these grooves P and Q can be formed.

In the block breaking step, of the adjacent blocks 3 via the dividing groove Q, one block 3 supported the expanding force F and the other block 3 was broken from the object 1, so that the block was broken. It is possible to identify the target block 3 and proceed with the breaking work, and it is possible to prevent the unintended block 3 from being broken and hindering the work.

In the additional block breaking step, the expanding force F is supported by the object 1 to break the block 3 from the object 1, so that the strength of the object 1 can be used to reliably break the block 3. it can.

The other partition groove Q or contour groove P adjacent to the partition groove Q in which the rock splitting device 9 is installed is provided with a padding 15 for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force F of the rock splitting device 9, so that the fracture target The block 3 can be accurately broken, and it is possible to prevent the block 3 on the support side from breaking and hindering the work.

In the above description, a case where a lateral recess 2 is formed on the wall surface 1a of the object 1 from the outside toward the inner depth in the depth direction has been described as an example. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the object has been described. Also in the case of forming a vertical recess 2 toward the inner depth in the depth direction with a desired contour shape X from the outside of the object 1 on a plane extending in the front-rear and left-right directions of 1, for example, a floor surface 1b. Can be applied.

When forming the vertically oriented recess 2, the work of excavating the contour groove P with the contour shape X of the recess 2 from the outside of the object 1 toward the inner depth in the depth direction and the contour shape X of the recess 2. Block 3 to be cut out so as to be connected to the contour groove P from the outside of the inner object 1 surrounded by the block 3 to be cut out by excavating the dividing groove Q to be individually divided. A groove forming step in which only the inner inner back side 3a in the depth direction is connected to the object 1, and a rock splitting device 9 for applying an expansion force F for widening the groove width are installed in the dividing groove Q to provide a depth. A block breaking step in which the block 3 in the state where the inner inner back side 3a in the vertical direction is connected to the object 1 is broken from the object 1 by the rock breaking device 9, and the block 3 broken from the object 1 is pulled up from the object 1. It may be removed and a recess forming step of forming a recess 2 in the depth direction on the object 1 may be performed.

As a result, the recess 2 similar to the lateral recess 2 of the above embodiment can be formed in the depth direction by cutting out the block 3.

In the above embodiment, a plurality of drilling bits 6 and at least two or more drilling devices 5 arranged side by side and adjacent to each other have been illustrated and described. However, a drilling device 5 having one drilling bit 6 is used. Of course, you can do it.

The maximum weight of the block 3 is set to be equal to or less than the weight that can be moved by the lifting machine used for the removal work. In the present embodiment, the vertical spacing dimension H of the dividing groove Q is gradually increased from the lower side to the upper side so that the coupling strength is gradually increased from the lowermost block 3 to the uppermost block 3. However, the interval dimension H is not necessarily limited to this, and the spacing dimensions H may all be the same.

1 Excavable object 2 Concave 3 Block 3a Inner back side of block 4 Hole 5 Drilling device 6 Drilling bit 9 Split rock device 10 Installation hole 11 Drilling bit 15 Filling D Hole diameter of installation hole d Hole diameter F Expanding force to widen the groove width P Contour groove Q Dividing groove X Concave contour shape

Claims (10)

It is a method of forming a recess in an excavable object such as a bedrock or a concrete body by cutting out a block from the outside toward the inside in the depth direction or the depth direction.
The work of excavating a contour groove with the contour shape of the recess from the outside to the inside of the object and the inside of the object surrounded by the contour shape of the recess from the outside to the inside. A groove forming step in which the block to be cut out is excavated so as to be connected to the contour groove, and the block to be cut out is connected to the object only on the inner inner side thereof.
A block breaking step of installing a rock splitting device that applies an expanding force to widen the groove width in the dividing groove and breaking the block in a state where the inner back side is connected to the target object by the rock splitting device.
Recess formation in an excavable object, which comprises a recess forming step of removing the block broken from the object from the object and forming the recess in the object. Method. An additional block fracture is provided in the contour groove by installing the rock splitting device that applies an expanding force to widen the groove width, and breaking the block in a state where the inner back side is connected to the object by the rock splitting device. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to claim 1, wherein the step is included. Both the contour groove and the dividing groove are formed by continuous holes in which holes formed by excavation are connected to each other in a series, and the holes are formed by a drilling device capable of excavating at least two or more holes at the same time. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the recess is formed. Any of claims 1 to 3, wherein an installation hole having a hole diameter larger than the hole diameter of the hole is formed in the dividing groove in order to enable installation of the rock breaking device having a high output. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the section. Any of claims 1 to 4, wherein an installation hole having a hole diameter larger than the hole diameter of the hole is formed in the contour groove in order to enable installation of the rock breaking device having a high output. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to the section. The drilling device is provided with a plurality of drilling bits for simultaneously drilling the plurality of holes, and at least one of the drilling bits is provided with the installation hole at the same time as drilling the hole. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a drilling bit for excavation is detachably attached. The block breaking step is characterized in that, among the blocks adjacent to each other via the dividing groove, one of the blocks supports the expanding force and the other block is broken from the object. Item 8. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to any one of Items 1 to 6. The excavable object according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the additional block breaking step supports the expanding force with the object and breaks the block from the object. How to form a recess in an object. The claim is characterized in that the other dividing groove or the contour groove adjacent to the dividing groove in which the breaking rock device is installed is provided with a padding for obtaining a reaction force against the expanding force of the breaking rock device. The method for forming a recess in an excavable object according to any one of 1 to 8. The excavation possible according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the excavation dimension of the contour groove or the dividing groove is at least twice the length dimension of the rock breaking device installed in these grooves. A method of forming a recess in an object.

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