JP2020198847A - Digging device for rhizome crop - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a rhizome crop harvester capable of allowing continuous harvesting work of a rhizome crop and improving compliance to a farm field.SOLUTION: A digging device of a rhizome crop comprises: a digging blade part 2; and a conveyor part 3 which is provided on a rear side of the digging blade part 2 and has a transport body for transporting the dug rhizome crop to an oblique and upper rear side and shaking off soil. The conveyor part 3 comprises a finger roll 30 on which a plurality of protrusions are provided radially. The digging device further comprises: a bulb transport part 7 which is provided below the conveyor part 3, is obliquely provided in a raised state to a rearward from a front side, receives falling of the rhizome crop, and then transports the same to a rear side; grounding means 35 each of which is provided on one/the other of left and right sides with respect to an advance direction of the conveyor part 3 and contacting a ground surface; and a beam member 8 which has a fitting part 83 for connecting respective grounding means 35 provided on left and right parts to the advance direction of the rhizome crop, and making the bulb transport part 7 freely attachable/detachable.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a rhizome crop digging device having an excavation blade for digging rhizome crops and having a conveyor portion for transporting a harvest such as garlic dug up by the excavation blade while sieving the soil.

As a device for digging rhizome crops, which has an excavation blade for digging rhizome crops and has a conveyor section for transporting harvested products such as garlic dug up by the excavation blade while sieving the soil, Patent Document 1 The described rhizome crop digging equipment is disclosed. The conveyor section of this device transports the rhizome crops dug up by rotationally driving a plurality of finger rolls provided with radial protrusions. Furthermore, rhizome crops are stored in a bucket behind the conveyor section.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-134065

The rhizome crop digging device described in Patent Document 1 stores a rhizome crop in a bucket, stores a certain amount until it is full, and then rotates the bucket to drop the rhizome crop to the ground. After that, the rhizome crops that have fallen to the ground are collected by the workers. However, collecting what has fallen to the ground in another storage container is a factor that increases the work. Since this other storage container can be accompanied by a device such as behind a rhizome crop digging device, this means that a transport unit that can be transported directly to another storage container without dropping it from the conveyor section to the ground is provided. If so, the work will be easier. On the other hand, even if another storage container is installed behind the conveyor, there is a problem that a sufficient installation space is required. In particular, when harvesting rhizome crops in a narrow field, it is desired that the harvesting machine be as small as possible, specializing in the function of digging only.

Therefore, the present invention has been made with an eye on the above-mentioned problems, and to provide a rhizome crop harvester capable of continuously harvesting rhizome crops and improving adaptability to a field. With the goal.

In order to solve the above problems, one aspect of the present invention is to transport a rhizome crop that is dug up by passing the lower portion of the rhizome crop and a rhizome crop that is located behind the rhizome crop diagonally upward and backward. The conveyor section and the conveyor section, which have a carrier that shakes off the soil while shaking off, are arranged at regular intervals from the front to the diagonally upward and rearward with the axial core direction oriented in the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction, and are driven to rotate respectively. A finger roll with multiple protrusions made of rubber-like elastic material that can carry the dug up rhizome crops upward, and a finger roll located below the conveyor section, digging from the end of the conveyor section. The raised rhizome crops are dropped and slanted from the front to the rear in the direction of travel, and the bulb transport conveyors that catch the fall of the rhizome crops and then transport them backward are provided on each of the left and right sides of the conveyor section. It is characterized by being provided with a grounding means for contacting the ground and a beam member having a mounting portion for connecting the grounding means provided on the left and right in the traveling direction and making the bulb transport conveyor detachable. The gist is that it is a device for digging rhizome crops.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rhizome crop digging device capable of continuously harvesting rhizome crops and improving adaptability to a field.

It is a side view of the rhizome crop digging device which carried out this invention. It is a front view of the rhizome crop digging device which carried out this invention. It is a side view which showed the conveyor part drive part in the state which cutout the bulb transport part of the rhizome crop digging device which carried out this invention, and removed the protective cover. It is a rear view which looked at the feed roller part from the back with the cross section of the conveyor drive part of this invention. It is a perspective view of the finger roll of the digging device of this invention. It is the rear view of the main part which showed the attachment of the bulb transport part of the digging device of this invention on the back side.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, taking as an example a device for digging rhizome crops used by attaching the embodiment to a tractor. In the description, the left side shown in FIG. 1 will be referred to as the front side in the traveling direction, the left side shown in FIG. 2 will be referred to as the right side in the traveling direction, and the right side shown in FIG. 2 will be described as the left side in the traveling direction.

The rhizome crop digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached to a traveling device such as a tractor to dig up rhizome crops such as garlic while proceeding. In the rhizome crop digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention, the ground between the two ridges on both sides of the ridge in which the rhizome crop is cultivated is grounded by a sledge-shaped shoe 36, and the height is kept constant while proceeding. The bulb portion of a rhizome crop such as garlic cultivated in the soil of the ridge is dug up by the excavation blade portion 2 provided in the direction perpendicular to the traveling direction. Then, it is conveyed rearward by the conveyor portion 3, which is a conveying body provided behind the excavation blade portion 2. The conveyor section 3 is provided diagonally upward to the rear, and transports the soil to the rear while removing the soil adhering to the rhizome crops dug up during the transportation. The transported rhizome crop falls from the rear end of the conveyor portion 3 to the bulb transport portion 7 provided below, and then is transported diagonally upward and rearward by the bulb transport portion 7, and the rhizome crop falls from the terminal portion.

In the central part of the front of the fuselage, a top link pin 11 is provided in the upper part which is a mounting part, and lowerin pins 10 are provided in the lower left and right which are also mounting parts, for connecting to the three-point link mechanism part of the tractor. It is a thing. The top link pin 11 is connected to the top link of the three-point link mechanism portion of the tractor, and the lower link pin 10 is connected to the left and right lower links. The tractor's three-point link mechanism is capable of raising and lowering the connected digging device. A gear box 5 is provided at the center of the front of the machine body, and an input shaft 4 projecting forward from the gear box 5 is provided. Although not shown, the input shaft 4 is connected to the tractor PTO shaft by a universal joint, and the power of the tractor is transmitted to the gear box 5.

An excavation blade 23 of the excavation blade portion 2 is provided at the lower end portion in front of the machine body. The excavation blade 23 has a flat plate shape in the left-right direction provided with a blade having an acute angle at the front end edge, and is inclined backward and backward. In addition, a plurality of round bar-shaped guide rods extending rearward are provided on the trailing edge in the left-right direction to guide the rhizome crops to the rear. The left and right ends of the excavation blade 23 are fixed and held by the flat plate-shaped excavation blade side arms 20 with their end faces facing forward. The excavation blade side arm 20 is raised upward from the excavation blade 23, and the upper end portion is further fixed to a pipe-shaped excavation blade frame 21 provided in the left-right horizontal direction. In the excavation blade frame 21, the lower end side of the excavation blade frame swing shaft 22 in the left-right horizontal direction provided on the front side of the excavation blade frame 21, that is, the excavation blade 23 portion can swing in the front-rear direction. An arm provided toward the rear is provided at the center of the excavation blade frame 21, and is rotatably connected to the end of the arm and a crank portion and a rod provided on the input shaft 4 at the front of the gearbox 5. To. The eccentric portion of the crank portion causes the excavation blade frame 21 to oscillate back and forth, and the excavation blade 23 fixed to the excavation blade frame 21 also oscillates back and forth at the same time. The excavation blade 23 is hung in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, passes through the lower part of the rhizome crop, cuts the root, softens the soil and raises the rhizome crop, and the rhizome crop is raised on the rear conveyor portion 3. Is moved as it travels.

The conveyor unit 3, which is a conveyor, has a plurality of feed rollers 32, which are provided by arranging a plurality of finger rolls 30 shown in FIG. 6 in which protrusions 300 are provided in a star-shaped radial manner in the left-right horizontal direction at regular intervals. It is provided. The plurality of feed rollers 32 are configured by rotating the rhizome crops placed on the upper surface of the conveyor unit 3 in the directions of moving upward and backward, respectively. The rhizome crop placed on the upper surface of the conveyor portion 3 moves backward while being flipped up by the protrusion 300 of the rotating finger roll 30, and the soil adhering to the rhizome crop is wiped off and moves backward. The distance between the feed rollers 32 is provided so that the rotation loci of the protrusions 300 of the side view finger roll 30 overlap each other, and the positions in the left-right direction do not overlap each other in the front view. The soil placed on the conveyor portion 3 together with the dug up rhizome crop and the soil removed from the rhizome crop fall downward through the gap of the protrusion 300 of the finger roll 30, and the rhizome crop is transported backward. ..

The left and right ends of the feed roller (conveyor shaft) 32 are rotatably held by bearings on the lower side of the side plates 31 erected on the left and right sides, and in this example, the feed rollers (conveyor shafts) 32 are projected on the left outer side of the side plates 31. The sprocket 60 is fixed to each of the shaft ends, the roller chain 62 is wound between the adjacent sprockets 60, and each feed roller (conveyor shaft) 32 rotates integrally. The power input to the input shaft 4 is transmitted by the bevel gear in the gear box 5 to the output shaft 51 passing through the left side of the pipe frame 50 fixed to the left and right sides of the gear box 5, and is transmitted to the left end portion of the output shaft 51. The output shaft sprocket 52 fixed to the outside of the side plate 31 is rotated. The output shaft sprocket 52 and the front row sprocket 60 of the feed roller (conveyor shaft) 32 are interlocked with each other via a roller chain, and the conveyor unit drive unit is driven to rotate when the input shaft 4 rotates. 6 is configured.

The rhizome crops transported to the rear by the conveyor unit 3 fall from the rear of the conveyor unit 3 to the bulb transport unit 7 below.
The bulb transport portion 7 is arranged so as to be sandwiched between plate-shaped conveyor frames 70 arranged on both the left and right sides, and an endless belt conveyor 71 wound around a rotating shaft horizontally arranged at both ends of the conveyor frame 70. , It is arranged so that it faces diagonally upward and backward. The belt conveyor 71 can transport the fallen rhizome crops to the rear side by rotating the belt conveyor 71, and arranges a plate material 712 facing the transport direction on the outer peripheral surface which is the transport surface. The plate material 712 prevents the rhizome crops from rolling down on the transport surface of the inclined belt conveyor 71.

In this embodiment, the total width of the bulb transport portion 7 with respect to the left and right in the traveling direction is set to be narrower than the total width of the conveyor portion 3 provided above with respect to the left and right in the traveling direction. By doing so, it is possible to suppress an increase in the number of constituent members related to the bulb transport portion 7, so that the center of gravity can be suppressed from being biased backward, and when the rhizome crop harvester A is attached to the tractor, the traveling portion such as the tire of the tractor can be suppressed. The front-rear grounding balance related to the above can be maintained well. Further, since the total width of the bulb transport portion 7 at the rear portion is narrower than the total width of the drawing conveyor 3, the left and right bulb transport portions 7 at the rear portion of the rhizome crop harvester A when the tractor equipped with the rhizome crop harvester A turns. It is not necessary for the side portion to interfere with other structures or the like.

As shown in FIG. 4, the front end of the disk-shaped cutter 40 is located above the front end of the belt conveyor 70, and the rhizome crop separated by the cutting portion 4 falls to the front end of the belt conveyor 71. A chute 72 for collecting the fallen rhizome crops at the front end of the belt conveyor 71 is installed above the front portion of the belt conveyor 71. The chute 72 efficiently drops the belt conveyor 71 to the front end, which is narrower than the entire width of the conveyor 3.

The transport distance D2 of the belt conveyor 71 is set longer than the transport distance D1 of the conveyor unit 3. Further, the transport angle E2 of the belt conveyor 71 with respect to the ground is the same as or greater than the transport angle E1 of the conveyor unit 3 with respect to the ground. By setting in this way, the rhizome crop digging device and the storage container enabled to accompany the rhizome crop can be positioned below the bulb transport portion 7. The rear end of the belt conveyor 71 of the bulb transport portion 7 can be positioned above the storage container located at the rear. As a result, the rhizome crop can be evenly put into the storage container by adjusting the front-rear distance from the rhizome crop digging device.

In this embodiment, the transport distance D2 of the belt conveyor 71 has a length 1.4 to 1.8 times longer than the transport distance D1 of the drawing conveyor 3. Further, the transport angle E2 of the belt conveyor 71 adopts 45 degrees, which is slightly larger than the transport angle E1 of the front portion, which is the maximum of the conveyor portion 3, of 40 degrees.

A discharge chute 73 is provided on the conveyor frame 70 at the rear of the belt conveyor 71. The discharge chute 73 is provided so that the rear end side can rotate up and down, and the discharge direction of the rhizome crops falling from the rear end of the belt conveyor 71 can be arbitrarily determined. The discharge chute 73 further improves the unbiased input of rhizome crops into the storage container.

The orbital drive of the belt conveyor 71 is performed by the drive motor 75. The drive motor 75 drives the rotating shaft at the rear of the belt conveyor 71 to bring the belt conveyor 71 into a transportable state. The drive motor 75 is an energy generator 74 arranged in the vicinity of the input unit 12, and is driven by using the energy generated by obtaining rotational power from the input unit 12. In the energy generating device 74 of this embodiment, the chain 741 is wound around the input shaft 4 and the shaft provided on the front side of the energy generating device 74 to acquire rotational power.

Further, in the illustrated embodiment, the drive motor 75 is a hydraulic motor, and the energy generator 74 uses a hydraulic pump. Further, although not shown, the drive motor 75 may be an electric motor, and the energy generator 74 may be configured as a generator. By doing so, the drive motor 75 can be driven only by connecting a pipe or wiring (not shown) between the energy generator 74 and the drive motor 75. Therefore, the mechanical members involved in driving the chain, shaft, gear, and the like can be eliminated, and the degree of freedom in installing the drive motor 75 is improved.

The hydraulic motor, which is the drive motor 75, has a speed controller installed in the middle of the piping path. This makes it possible to adjust the belt conveyor 71 to the transport speed desired by the operator. Even if the drive motor 75 is an electric motor, the same effect can be obtained by installing a speed controller in the middle of the electric circuit.

The bulb transport portion 7 is fixed to a shoe frame 37 in which pillar members are arranged downward from both the left and right sides in the traveling direction via a beam member 8 attached so as to bridge the left and right sides in the traveling direction. The beam member 8 has pipes 81 arranged horizontally to the left and right with respect to the traveling direction, and is bridged to the left and right in the traveling direction by rectangular fixing portions 82 for fixing to the lower part of the shoe frame 37 on the left and right sides of the pipe 81. It is fixed horizontally like this. In the case of this embodiment, two beam members 8 are provided in the front and rear. Since the fixing portion 82 and the shoe frame 37 are fixed by the rivet screw, the grounding means 35 and the beam member 8 are firmly fixed. Further, since the beam member 8 is fixed to the shoe frame 37 by a stud screw, it can be freely attached and detached. A shoe 36 is attached to the lower part of the shoe frame 37.

Mounting portions 83, which are members for mounting and fixing the bulb transport portion 7, are provided at two locations in the central portion of the pipe 81. In the mounting portion 83, a plurality of pins 832 are projected from the vertically standing plate member 831 toward either the left or right side in the traveling direction. In the case of this embodiment, a plurality of pins 832 are projected and fixed in the horizontal direction on the right side in the traveling direction. A plurality of mounting holes 701 are provided in the lower portion of the conveyor frame 70 provided in the bulb transport portion 7. By inserting the mounting hole 701 into the pin 832, the bulb transport portion 7 is fixed to the mounting portion 83, and is integrated with the rhizome crop harvester A together with the beam member 8.

Since the beam member 8 is located below the bulb transport portion 7 and does not interfere with the transport of the belt conveyor 71, the bulb transport portion 7 can perform continuous work. Further, since the end portion of the pin 832 is provided with a stopper (not shown) and the bulb transport portion 7 does not easily fall off, stable work can be performed by the rhizome crop harvester A. Further, since a plurality of pins 832 provided on the beam member 8 and a plurality of mounting holes 701 provided on the conveyor frame 70 are engaged to fix the plurality of places, the rhizome crop harvester A and the beam member 8 are fixed. The bulb transport portion 7 is stable in fixing. Since the beam member 8 can be firmly fixed to the grounding means 35, the fixing of the bulb transport portion 7 is further stabilized. Further, since the beam member 8 is detachable from the grounding means 35 and the bulb transport portion 7 is detachable from the beam member 8, the beam member 8 and the bulb transport portion 7 are individually attached to and detached from the grounding means 35. , The beam member 8 and the bulb transport portion 7 can be attached or detached.

When the bulb transport portion 7 is removed from the beam member 8, the removal is completed by disengaging the mounting hole 701 from the engagement of the pin 832 and releasing the fixing.

Although the mounting portion 83 has been described in the form of fixing the bulb transport portion 7 to the beam member 8 by using a pin 832, it may be fastened by using a stud screw such as a bolt or a nut instead of the pin 832. ..

Next, the digging operation by the digging device for the rhizome crop, which is the embodiment of the present invention, will be described. The rhizome crop digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention is attached to a traveling device such as a tractor to dig a rhizome crop such as garlic while traveling.

The excavation blade portion of the rhizome crop digging device according to the embodiment of the present invention is driven while the traveling wheel of the tractor and the warp-shaped shoe 36 are positioned between the two ridges on both sides of the ridge where the rhizome crop is cultivated. The excavation blade 23 of No. 2 is passed below the bulb portion of a rhizome crop such as garlic cultivated in the soil of the ridge. The excavation blade 23 oscillates back and forth, passes through the lower part of the rhizome crop, cuts the roots, softens the soil and raises the rhizome crop, and the rhizome crop runs on the rear conveyor portion 3. Will be moved.

The rhizome crops transported by the conveyor unit 3 are transferred backward while being flipped up by a large number of star-shaped finger rolls 30 of feed rollers (conveyor shafts) 32 provided diagonally upward from the front to the rear, and adhered soil. Is sieved off, and naturally falls from the rear end portion of the conveyor portion 3 to move to the bulb transport portion 7.

The rhizome crops that have moved to the transport surface at the front of the bulb transport portion 7 are further moved diagonally backward and upward by the driven belt conveyor 71. The rhizome harvester that has moved to the rear end of the belt conveyor 71 is housed in a storage container located below while being guided by the discharge chute 73.

When the present invention is used as a digging device for rhizome crops such as garlic, efficient work can be performed.

2 Excavation blade 20 Excavation blade side arm 21 Excavation blade frame 22 Excavation blade frame rocking shaft 23 Excavation blade 3 Conveyor (conveyor)
30 Finger roll 300 Protrusion 301 Boss 31 Side plate 32 Feed roller (conveyor shaft)
35 Grounding means 36 Shoe 37 Shoe frame 4 Input shaft 5 Gear box 50 Pipe frame 51 Output shaft 52 Output shaft sprocket 6 Conveyor drive unit 60 Sprocket 62 Roller chain 7 Ball root conveyor 70 Conveyor frame 71 Belt conveyor 8 Beam member 81 Pipe 82 Fixed part 83 Mounting part

Claims (3)

An excavation blade that passes through the lower part of the rhizome crop and digs up,
A conveyor section having a transport body that is located behind the excavation blade section and has a transport body that shakes off soil while transporting the excavated rhizome crops diagonally upward and backward.
The conveyor portions are arranged at regular intervals from the front to diagonally upward and rearward with the axis direction perpendicular to the traveling direction, and the rhizome crops dug up by being rotationally driven are conveyed upward. A finger roll with a plurality of protrusions made of a rubber-like elastic material that can be provided radially.
Bulbs located below the conveyor section, which drop the rhizome crops dug up from the end of the conveyor section and slant from the front to the rear in the direction of travel, catch the fall of the rhizome crops, and then transport them to the rear. Conveyor belt and
Grounding means for contacting the ground provided on each of the left and right sides with respect to the traveling direction of the conveyor portion, and
A beam member having a mounting portion for connecting the grounding means provided on the left and right in the traveling direction and making the bulb transport portion removable.
A device for digging rhizome crops, which is characterized by being equipped with. The transfer length of the bulb transfer unit is set longer than the transfer length of the conveyor unit, and the transfer angle of the bulb transfer conveyor is set to be the same as or larger than the transfer angle of the conveyor unit.
The device for digging rhizome crops according to claim 1. Above the conveyor portion, there is a mounting portion for mounting on the traveling machine body located at the front portion of the conveyor portion.
An input unit located in the vicinity of the mounting portion, having an input shaft for acquiring rotational power from the traveling machine body, and transmitting rotational power to the conveyor portion.
An energy generator provided in the vicinity of the input shaft for driving the bulb conveyor and
The rhizome crop digging device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising.

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