JP2020196109A - Gear cutting tool and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an inexpensive gear cutting tool capable of being easily handled, and a method of manufacturing the same.SOLUTION: A gear cutting tool 1A creates teeth of a gear in a workpiece. The gear cutting tool 1A comprises: a cylindrical or columnar tool body 2A; and a toric tool blade part 3A that is constituted as one member separate from the tool body 2A and that has an annular blade part body 30A coaxially connected to the side of one end of the tool body 2A and a plurality of blades 33A formed as an integrated region on an outer peripheral surface of the annular blade part body 30A.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

Description

The present invention relates to a gear cutting tool and a method for manufacturing a gear cutting tool.

In recent years, gear machining capable of high-speed machining has been desired from the viewpoint of cost, and skiving machining as described in Patent Document 1 is known. The skiving process is a state in which the rotation axis of the gear cutting tool and the rotation axis of the workpiece are inclined (a state having an intersection angle in gear processing). Then, while rotating the gear cutting tool and the workpiece synchronously around their respective rotation axes, the gear cutting tool is relatively moved (passed) in the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece.

The gear cutting tool for skiving machining performs the above-mentioned passes a plurality of times, but since the cutting edge of the gear cutting tool performs machining in all the passes, the amount of wear of the cutting edge increases. As a countermeasure, if the amount of wear on the cutting edge of the blade exceeds the limit, the tool may be replaced, but the gear cutting tool is generally made of solid high-speed tool steel or cemented carbide, so it is extremely difficult. The cost is high.

Therefore, Patent Documents 2 and 3 describe a gear cutting tool in which only the blade can be replaced with respect to the tool body. According to this, since the cost of tool replacement is eliminated and the cost is only blade replacement, an increase in tool cost can be suppressed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-171020 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-44282 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-16514

In the gear cutting tools described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 described above, it is necessary to attach a plurality of blades to the tool body and perform coaxial adjustment for each blade, which causes a problem that it takes a lot of time and effort. ..

An object of the present invention is to provide a gear cutting tool and a method for manufacturing a gear cutting tool that are easy to handle at low cost.

The gear cutting tool according to the present invention is a gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth in a workpiece, and is configured as a cylindrical or columnar tool body and one member separate from the tool body. It includes an annular blade portion main body coaxially connected to one end side of the tool main body, and an annular tool blade portion having a plurality of blades formed as an integral portion on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body.

The method for manufacturing a gear cutting tool according to the present invention is a method for manufacturing a gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth in a workpiece, and is configured as one member separate from the cylindrical or columnar tool body. A mounting process in which the annular tool blade portion is attached to one end side of the tool body, and a coaxial adjustment in which the rotation axis of the tool body and the rotation axis of the tool blade portion are coaxially adjusted by an axis adjusting member after the mounting process. An adjustment step, a fastening step of fastening the tool body and the tool blade portion with a fastening member after the coaxial adjustment step, and a machining step of processing a plurality of blades on the outer peripheral surface of the tool blade portion after the fastening step. , Equipped with.

According to the gear cutting tool and the method for manufacturing a gear cutting tool according to the present invention, the tool body and the tool blade portion are formed as separate bodies, and the plurality of blades are integrated with the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body of the tool blade portion. It is formed. Therefore, only the coaxial adjustment of the tool body and the tool blade portion is performed, and the coaxial adjustment of the plurality of blades is also performed at the same time. Therefore, the handling of the gear cutting tool of the present invention becomes easier and is created as compared with the gear cutting tool which requires the work of attaching a plurality of blades to the conventional tool body and performing coaxial adjustment for each blade. The machining accuracy of gears can be improved more than before.

It is a perspective view of the gear cutting tool of the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A seen from the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a machining state of a tool blade portion in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the processing state of the tool body in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a tool body is assembled to a tool blade portion in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a tool blade portion and a tool body are integrated in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the gear cutting tool completed in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 1A. It is a perspective view which shows the grinding apparatus which is the manufacturing apparatus of a gear cutting tool. FIG. 4A is a view of the grinding device of FIG. 4A as viewed from the IVB direction. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the gear cutting tool of the second embodiment of this invention seen from the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the manufacturing method of the gear cutting tool of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a machining state of a tool blade portion in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the processing state of the tool body in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a state in which a tool body is assembled and integrated with a tool blade portion in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the gear cutting tool completed in the manufacturing process of the gear cutting tool of FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view of the gear cutting tool of the third embodiment of this invention seen from the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis. It is the schematic which attached the additional manufacturing apparatus which is the manufacturing apparatus of the gear cutting tool of FIG. 8 to the grinding apparatus.

The gear cutting tool according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described when it is applied to an external gear type tool for creating teeth such as spur gears and helical gears by processing a workpiece by skiving. It can also be applied to mold tools.

<1. First Embodiment>
(1-1. Shape of gear cutting tool)
Hereinafter, the shape of the gear cutting tool of the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the gear cutting tool 1A includes a tool body 2A and a tool blade portion 3A. The tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A are configured as separate members. The tool body 2A is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape. The tool body 2A may be formed in a columnar shape.

The tool blade portion 3A is formed in an annular shape, and is formed as an integral portion whose position cannot be adjusted on the outer peripheral surfaces of the annular blade portion main body 30A and the annular blade portion main body 30A coaxially connected to one end side of the tool main body 2A. It has a plurality of blades 33A. Further, the annular blade portion main body 30A has an annular large diameter portion 31A and an annular small diameter portion 32A projecting as an integral portion on one end side of the large diameter portion 31A. The outer circumference of the tool body 2A is fitted and connected to the inner circumference of the small diameter portion 32A. That is, the tool blade portion 3A is positioned with the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 2A as a reference surface.

A plurality of (four in this example) through holes 41A into which fastening screws 4A (fastening members) can be inserted are provided in the circumferential direction in the inner peripheral portion of the large diameter portion 31A of the annular blade portion main body 30A than the blade 33A. It is drilled in the direction of the rotation axis C at equal angle (90 °) intervals. Further, when the outer circumference of the tool body 2A is fitted into the inner circumference of the small diameter portion 32A of the annular blade body 30A and connected to the end surface of the tool body 2A, the fastening screw is located at a position corresponding to the four through holes 41A. Four female screws 42A capable of screwing 4A are screwed in the rotation axis C direction. The fastening screw 4A has a function of bringing the end faces of the large diameter portion 31A of the annular blade portion main body 30A and the tool main body 2A into close contact with each other.

Then, the connected tool body 2A and the annular blade body 30A of the tool blade 3A are directly fastened by the tightening force of the fastening screw 4A. However, as will be described in detail later, immediately after the outer circumference of the tool body 2A is fitted into the inner circumference of the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade portion 3A and connected, the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade portion 3A are axes. There is a gap. Therefore, the shrink disk 50 (see FIG. 3C), which is a shaft adjusting member, is used to coaxially adjust the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A, and then the fastening screw 4A is tightened to tighten the tool body 2A. And the annular blade body 30A of the tool blade 3A are coaxially fastened.

Here, as shown in FIG. 3C, the shrink disc 50 is a general shaft adjusting member, and includes an inner ring 51, two thrust rings 52, and a plurality of bolts 53. The inner ring 51 is formed in a shape in which the large diameter side of two truncated cones having a cylindrical hollow portion is joined. That is, the outer circumference of the inner ring 51 is formed in a mountain shape in which the center in the central axis direction is convex from both ends. The inner diameter of the inner ring 51 is formed with a predetermined fitting tolerance with respect to the outer diameter of the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade portion 3A.

The thrust ring 52 is formed in an annular shape having a truncated cone-shaped hollow portion. The taper angle of the inner circumference of the thrust ring 52 is formed to be the same as the taper angle of the outer circumference of the inner ring 51. The maximum inner diameter of the thrust ring 52 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the inner ring 51, and the minimum inner diameter of the thrust ring 52 is formed to be larger than the minimum outer diameter of the inner ring 51. A plurality of through holes 52a into which a plurality of bolts 53 can be inserted are drilled in one thrust ring 52 at equal angular intervals, and a plurality of bolts 53 into which a plurality of bolts 53 can be screwed into the other thrust string 52. Female screws 52b are screwed at equal intervals.

The operator fits the two thrust strings 52 into the tapered surfaces from both end surfaces of the inner ring 51, inserts a plurality of bolts 53 into the plurality of through holes 52a of one thrust string 52, and inserts the other thrust string 52 into the plurality of through holes 52a of the other thrust string 52. It is screwed into each of the plurality of female screws 52b of 52. Then, in a state where the tool body 2A and the annular blade body 30A of the tool blade 3A are connected, the inner circumference of the inner ring 51 is fitted into the outer circumference of the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade 3A and connected. It should be noted that a plurality of blades 33A are not yet formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body 30A of the tool blade portion 3A at the stage of being connected to the tool main body 2A. That is, the large-diameter portion 31A of the annular blade portion main body 30A is formed in an annular shape having a large diameter by the amount of the blade 33A.

Then, the plurality of bolts 53 are gradually tightened to move the two thrust rings 52 in the direction of the rotation axis C along the tapered surface of the inner ring 51. As a result, the inner ring 51 is tightened in the radial direction from the two thrust rings 52, so that the rotation axis of the tool blade portion 3A is translated with respect to the rotation axis of the tool body 2A. Therefore, it is possible to coaxially adjust the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A. Then, by managing the tightening torque of the plurality of bolts 53, the coaxial adjustment can be easily reproduced. After this coaxial adjustment, a plurality of blades 33A are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body 30A.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the gear cutting tool 1A includes a rake face 34A having a rake angle θ with respect to a surface orthogonal to the rotation axis C at the end surface of the tool blade portion 3A in the rotation axis C direction. That is, the rake face 34A is formed in a tapered shape centered on the rotation axis C of the gear cutting tool 1A. Further, the circumscribed surfaces of the plurality of blades 33A of the gear cutting tool 1A are formed in a truncated cone shape. That is, the tip surfaces of the plurality of blades 33A are front escape surfaces 35A having a front escape angle α with respect to the rake surface 34A.

Therefore, the distance of the gear cutting tool 1A from the rotation axis C on the cutting edge surface gradually decreases from one end surface of the blade 33A toward the blade streak direction (equal to the blade groove direction). Further, the plurality of blades 33A have a twist angle β with respect to the rotation axis C. However, the twist angle β of the blade 33A is appropriately different depending on the twist angle of the tooth of the gear to be created and the intersection angle between the gear and the gear cutting tool 1A in the cutting process. Therefore, there is a case where the blade 33A does not have a twist angle β (twist angle β is 0 degrees).

As described above, the tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A are formed as separate bodies, and the plurality of blades 33A are formed as an integral portion on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade body 30A of the tool blade 3A. Therefore, only the coaxial adjustment of the tool body 2A and the tool blade portion 3A is performed, and the coaxial adjustment of the plurality of blades 33A is also performed at the same time. Therefore, the handling of the gear cutting tool 1A of the present embodiment becomes easier as compared with the gear cutting tool which requires the work of attaching a plurality of blades to the conventional tool body and performing coaxial adjustment for each blade. The machining accuracy of the gear to be created can be improved more than before.

Further, since the tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A can be re-polished while the tool blade 3A is fastened, the adjusted coaxial can be maintained and the machining accuracy of the gear to be created can be improved. Further, the tool body 2A can be formed of, for example, carburized steel, and the tool blade portion 3A can be formed of, for example, high-speed tool steel or cemented carbide. Therefore, the cost can be reduced as compared with the conventional solid (solid) high-speed tool steel or the gear cutting tool made of cemented carbide.

(1-2. Gear cutting tool manufacturing equipment)
The above-mentioned manufacturing apparatus for the gear cutting tool 1A has an annular blade portion body 30A (a large diameter portion 31A and a small diameter portion 32A having a larger diameter by the amount of the blade 33A) of the cylindrical tool body 2A and the annular tool blade portion 3A. A cutting device such as a lathe or a machining center is used as the processing device, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. Further, as a device for processing the blade 33A of the tool blade portion 3A, a grinding device such as a tool grinder or an angular grinder is used, and the blade side surface of the blade 33A of the tool blade portion 3A is referred to with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B. A case of performing grinding will be described.

The grinding device 60 includes a spindle unit 61 that rotatably supports the gear cutting tool 1A to be ground around the central axis C (θc) of the gear cutting tool 1A on a bed (not shown). Further, the grinding device 60 includes a grindstone stand 62 that rotatably supports the grindstone wheel 63 around the central axis T (θt) of the grindstone wheel 63. The grindstone 63 is formed in a disk shape around the central axis T. However, the outer peripheral surface of the grindstone 63 is formed in a shape corresponding to the shape of the blade groove of the gear cutting tool 1A.

The grindstone stand 62 can adjust the crossing angle η in gear cutting tool machining with respect to the spindle unit 61 (only the crossing angle η from the state where the central axis C of the gear cutting tool 1A and the central axis T of the grindstone 63 are orthogonal to each other. It can be adjusted to be tilted), and it can move relative to the spindle unit 61 in three directions orthogonal to it. The crossing angle η between the grindstone base 62 and the spindle unit 61 is adjusted according to the twist angle β of the gear cutting tool 1A. In this example, the twist angle β and the intersection angle η are the same. The spindle unit 61 and the grindstone base 62 may be relatively movable, and the spindle unit 61 may be movable.

Then, by positioning the spindle unit 61 and the grindstone base 62, the central axis C of the gear cutting tool 1A and the central axis T of the grindstone 63 are positioned so as to have an intersection angle η. In this state, the gear cutting tool 1A is rotated around the central axis C (θc). Further, the grindstone wheel 63 is rotated around the central axis T (θt). Further, the grindstone 63 synchronizes with the rotation of the gear cutting tool 1A, the central axis C direction (Mc) of the gear cutting tool 1A, the radial direction (Mr) of the gear cutting tool 1A, and the rotation of the gear cutting tool 1A. It moves in the tangential direction (translational direction) (Mm). In this way, the blade side surface of the blade 33A of the gear cutting tool 1A is ground.

In this grinding, the grindstone 63 may reciprocate while rotating along the blade groove of the gear cutting tool 1A, or may move in only one direction. Further, the grindstone 63 grinds both sides of the blade groove of the gear cutting tool 1A at the same time, but one side of the blade groove may be ground, or even if the rotation direction of the gear cutting tool 1A changes, the gear cutting tool 1A The blade groove of the gear cutting tool 1A may be followed so as to be able to be ground according to the rotation direction.

(1-3. Manufacturing method of gear cutting tool)
Next, the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned gear cutting tool 1A will be described with reference to the drawings. First, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the annular blade portion body 30A of the cylindrical tool body 2A and the annular tool blade portion 3A (large diameter portion 31A and small diameter portion 32A having a large diameter by the amount of the blade 33A). Is machined with a cutting device. At this time, four female screws 42A are also machined on the end face of the tool body 2A. In addition, four through holes 41A are also machined on the end surface of the large diameter portion 31A of the annular blade portion main body 30A of the tool blade portion 3A. (Step S1 in FIG. 2).

Then, as shown in FIG. 3C, the tool body 2A is fitted into the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade portion 3A and connected (step S2 in FIG. 2, the connecting step), and the shrink disk 50 is connected to the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade portion 3A. Is attached (step S3 in FIG. 2). Then, the plurality of bolts 53 of the shrink disc 50 are gradually tightened to adjust the misalignment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A (step S4 in FIG. 2, coaxial adjustment step).

Then, it is determined whether or not the misalignment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A is within the allowable range (step S5 in FIG. 2), and the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A are determined. If the misalignment of the rotation axis of the tool is not within the permissible range, the process returns to step S4 and continues the misalignment adjustment of the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A.

On the other hand, when the misalignment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2A and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3A falls within the allowable range, the fastening screw 4A is inserted through the through hole 41A of the tool blade 3A as shown in FIG. 3D. , Screw and fasten to the female screw 42A of the tool body 2A (step S6 in FIG. 2, fastening step). As a result, the tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A are fastened while maintaining a coaxial state.

Then, the shrink disk 50 is removed from the small diameter portion 32A of the tool blade portion 3A (step S7 in FIG. 2), the fastened tool body 2A and the tool blade portion 3A are attached to the grinding device 60, and the annular blade portion of the tool blade portion 3A is attached. The blade 33A is rough-processed on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 31A of the main body 30A (step S8 in FIG. 2, processing step). Then, it is determined whether or not the roughing of the blade 33A is completed (step S9 in FIG. 2), and if the roughing of the blade 33A is not completed, the process returns to step S8 and the roughing of the blade 33A is continued. To do.

On the other hand, when the roughing of the blade 33A is completed, a finishing process is performed using the roughed blade 33A as a cutting edge (step S10 in FIG. 2, processing step). Then, it is determined whether or not the finishing process using the blade 33A as the cutting edge is completed (step S11 in FIG. 2), and when the finishing process using the blade 33A as the cutting edge is not completed, the process returns to step S10. , Continue the finishing process with the blade 33A as the cutting edge. On the other hand, when the finishing process using the blade 33A as the cutting edge is completed, all the processes are completed. As a result, the gear cutting tool 1A shown in FIG. 3E is completed.

According to the manufacturing method of the gear cutting tool 1A, the tool body 2A and the tool blade 3A, which is formed as a separate member of the tool body 2A, are coaxially adjusted and fastened, and then joined to the tool blade 3A. Since the plurality of blades 33A are roughened and finished, a highly accurate gear cutting tool 1A can be obtained. Therefore, the machining accuracy of the gear created by the gear cutting tool 1A can be improved. A plurality of blades 33A are roughly machined on a single tool blade 3A, and the tool blade 3A and the tool body 2A are coaxially adjusted and fastened, and then the roughened plurality of blades 33A are finished. You may. Even with this manufacturing method, a high-precision gear cutting tool 1A can be obtained, and the machining accuracy of the gear created by the gear cutting tool 1A can be improved.

<2. Second Embodiment>
(2-1. Shape of gear cutting tool)
Hereinafter, the shape of the gear cutting tool of the second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 5, the gear cutting tool 1B includes a tool body 2B and a tool blade portion 3B. The tool body 2B and the tool blade portion 3B are configured as separate members. The tool body 2B has a hollow cylindrical large-diameter portion 21B and a hollow cylindrical small-diameter portion 22B projecting as an integral portion on one end side of the large-diameter portion 21B. The tool body 2B may be formed in a columnar shape.

The tool blade portion 3B is formed in an annular shape, and is formed as an integral portion on the outer peripheral surfaces of the annular blade portion main body 30B and the annular blade portion main body 30B coaxially connected to one end side of the tool main body 2B so that the positions cannot be adjusted. It has a plurality of blades 33B. Further, the annular blade portion main body 30B has a small diameter inner peripheral portion 31B into which the outer periphery of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool main body 2B is fitted, and a large diameter inner peripheral portion 32B following the small diameter inner peripheral portion 31B. The outer circumference of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B is fitted and connected to the inner circumference of the small diameter inner peripheral portion 31B. That is, the tool blade portion 3B is positioned with the outer peripheral surface of the tool body 2B as a reference surface.

Between the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B and the large diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B, there are two thrust rings of the spun ring 70, which is a fastening member and a shaft adjusting member described later. 71, 72 (friction fastening element) are inserted. A pressing ring 73 (friction fastening element) of the span ring 70 is arranged on the end surface of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the tool blade portion 3B, and a plurality of (however, only one is shown in FIG. 5) bolts 74. Female screws 75 to which (friction screws) are screwed are screwed at equal angle intervals.

The span ring 70 is a general fastening member and a shaft adjusting member, and includes two thrust rings 71 and 72, a pressing ring 73, and a plurality of bolts 74. The thrust ring 71 is formed in a truncated cone shape having a cylindrical hollow portion. The thrust ring 72 is formed in an annular shape having a truncated cone-shaped hollow portion. The taper angle on the outer circumference of the thrust ring 71 is formed to be the same as the taper angle on the inner circumference of the thrust ring 72. Then, the thrust ring 71 is inserted into the inner peripheral side of the thrust ring 72, and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B and the inner peripheral surface of the large diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion main body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B. It is fastened by frictional force, intervening in the radial direction with.

The inner diameter of the thrust ring 71 is formed with a predetermined fitting tolerance with respect to the outer diameter of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B. The outer diameter of the thrust ring 72 is formed with a predetermined fitting tolerance with respect to the inner diameter of the large diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion main body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B. The pressing ring 73 is formed in an annular shape so as to cover a plurality of female screws 75 formed on the end face of the thrust ring 71 and the end face of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the tool blade portion 3B. Then, a plurality of through holes 73a into which a plurality of bolts 74 can be inserted are drilled in the pressing ring 73 at positions corresponding to the plurality of female screws 75 at equal angular intervals. The plurality of bolts 74 generate frictional forces of the two thrust rings 71 and 72, which will be described later, by the tightening force.

The operator has the tapered surface facing upward on the inner circumference of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion main body 30A of the tool blade portion 3B in a state where the tool main body 2B and the annular blade portion main body 30A of the tool blade portion 3B are connected. The outer circumference of the thrust ring 72 in the state of is fitted. Further, the inner circumference of the thrust ring 71 with the tapered surface facing downward is fitted into the outer circumference of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B. Then, the pressing ring 73 is placed on the end surface of the thrust ring 71, and the plurality of bolts 74 are inserted into the plurality of through holes 73a of the pressing ring 73, respectively. Then, it is screwed into a plurality of female screws 75 formed on the end faces of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the tool blade portion 3B. It should be noted that a plurality of blades 33B have not yet been formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B at the stage of being connected to the tool main body 2B. That is, the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion main body 30B is formed in an annular shape having a large diameter by the amount of the blade 33B.

Then, the plurality of bolts 74 are gradually tightened to move the thrust ring 71 in the rotation axis C direction along the tapered surface of the thrust string 72. As a result, the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B is tightened in the radial direction from the thrust ring 71, so that the annular blade portion body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B has two thrust rings 71, with respect to the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B. It is fastened with a frictional force of 72. Further, the rotation axis of the tool blade portion 3B is translated with respect to the rotation axis of the tool body 2B. Therefore, the coaxial adjustment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3B can be performed. Then, by managing the tightening torque of the plurality of bolts 74, the coaxial adjustment can be easily reproduced. After this coaxial adjustment, a plurality of blades 33B are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade portion main body 30B.

Further, on the end surface of the tool blade portion 3B opposite to the cutting edge of the blade 33B, one key groove 82 (rotation regulating member) into which the key 81 (rotation regulating member) can be fitted is provided in the radial direction. Further, when the inner circumference of the small diameter inner peripheral portion 31B of the annular blade portion main body 30B of the tool blade portion 3B is fitted to the outer circumference of the small diameter portion 22B on the end surface of the large diameter portion 21B of the tool body 2B on the small diameter portion 22B side At a position corresponding to the groove 82, a key groove 83 (rotation restricting member) into which the key 81 can be fitted is provided at one position in the radial direction. The tool body 2B and the tool blade 3B are restricted from rotating relative to the tool body 2B by inserting the key 81 into the key grooves 82 and 83. That is, it is not necessary to regulate the rotation of each of the plurality of blades 33B.

Similar to the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment, the gear cutting tool 1B also has a rake face 34B having a rake angle θ, a front clearance surface 35B having a front clearance angle α, and a plurality of blades 33B having a twist angle β. Have. As described above, the gear cutting tool 1B of the second embodiment also has the same effect as the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment.

(2-2. Manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method for gear cutting tools)
Next, the manufacturing method of the above-mentioned gear cutting tool 1B will be described with reference to the drawings. The manufacturing apparatus for the gear cutting tool 1B is the same as the manufacturing apparatus for the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted. First, as shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the cylindrical tool body 2B (large diameter portion 21B and small diameter portion 22B) and the annular blade portion body 30B of the annular tool blade portion 3B (large diameter by the amount of the blade 33B). The large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B and the small-diameter inner peripheral portion 31B) are machined by a cutting device.

At this time, the key groove 83 is also machined on the end surface of the large diameter portion 21B of the tool body 2B. Further, a plurality of female threads 55 are machined on the end surface of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the tool blade portion 3B, and the key groove 82 facing the key groove 83 is also machined (step S21 in FIG. 6).

Then, as shown in FIG. 7C, the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B is fitted into the small diameter inner peripheral portion 31B of the tool blade portion 3B and connected (step S22 in FIG. 6, connection step). Then, the key 81 is fitted into the key grooves 82 and 83 between the tool body 2B and the tool blade 3B, and the outer circumference of the small diameter portion 22B of the tool body 2B and the inner circumference of the large diameter inner circumference 32B of the tool blade 3B. The span ring 70 is inserted into (step S23 in FIG. 6). Then, the plurality of bolts 74 of the spun ring 70 are gradually tightened to adjust the misalignment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3B (step S24 in FIG. 6, coaxial adjustment step).

Then, it is determined whether or not the misalignment between the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3B is within the allowable range (step S25 in FIG. 6), and the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the tool blade 3B are determined. If the misalignment of the rotation axis of the tool is not within the permissible range, the process returns to step S24 and continues the misalignment adjustment of the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3B. On the other hand, when the axial deviation between the rotation axis of the tool body 2B and the rotation axis of the tool blade 3B falls within the allowable range, the tool body 2B and the tool blade 3B are fastened in this state (fastening step).

Then, the fastened tool body 2B and tool blade 3B are attached to the grinding device 60, and the blade 33B is roughly machined on the outer periphery of the large-diameter inner peripheral portion 32B of the annular blade body 30B of the tool blade 3B (FIG. 6). Step S26, processing step). Then, it is determined whether or not the roughing of the blade 33B is completed (step S27 in FIG. 6), and if the roughing of the blade 33B is not completed, the process returns to step S26 and the roughing of the blade 33B is continued. To do.

On the other hand, when the roughing of the blade 33B is completed, a finishing process is performed using the roughed blade 33B as a cutting edge (step S28 in FIG. 6, processing step). Then, it is determined whether or not the finishing process using the blade 33B as the cutting edge is completed (step S29 in FIG. 6), and when the finishing process using the blade 33B as the cutting edge is not completed, the process returns to step S28. , Continue finishing with the blade 33B as the cutting edge. On the other hand, when the finishing process using the blade 33B as the cutting edge is completed, all the processes are completed. As a result, the gear cutting tool 1B shown in FIG. 7D is completed.

The manufacturing method of the gear cutting tool 1B also has the same effect as the manufacturing method of the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment. A plurality of blades 33B are roughly machined with respect to a single tool blade 3B, and the tool blade 3B and the tool body 2B are coaxially adjusted and fastened, and then the roughened plurality of blades 33B are finished. You may. Even with this manufacturing method, a high-precision gear cutting tool 1B can be obtained, and the machining accuracy of the gear created by the gear cutting tool 1B can be improved.

<3. Third Embodiment>
(3-1. Shape of gear cutting tool)
Hereinafter, the shape of the gear cutting tool of the third embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 8, the gear cutting tool 1C includes a tool body 2C, an annular blade portion body 30C, and a blade 33C. The tool body 2C is formed in a cylindrical shape. The tool body 2C may be formed in a columnar shape. The annular blade portion main body 30C is formed as an integral portion with the tool main body 2C, and is provided coaxially on one end side of the tool main body 2C.

The blade 33C includes a rough blade mold portion 331C formed as an integral portion on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body 30C, and a modeling blade 332C formed as an additional model on the outer surface of the rough blade mold portion 331C. That is, the tool body 2C, the annular blade body 30C, and the rough blade mold portion 331C are integrally formed, that is, they are formed of solid (solid), for example, carburized steel. The modeling blade 332C is made of high speed tool steel or cemented carbide.

Similar to the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment, the gear cutting tool 1C also has a rake face 34C having a rake angle θ, a front clearance surface 35C having a front clearance angle α, and a plurality of modeling blades 332C having a twist angle β. Has. As described above, the gear cutting tool 1C of the third embodiment also has the same effect as the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment. Further, the case where the tool body 2C, the annular blade body 30C, and the rough blade mold portion 331C are integrally formed has been described, but the tools are the same as the gear cutting tools 1A and 1B of the first and second embodiments. The main body 2C, the integrally formed annular blade portion main body 30C, and the rough blade mold portion 331C may be configured as separate members.

(3-2. Manufacturing equipment and manufacturing method for gear cutting tools)
As the manufacturing apparatus for the gear cutting tool 1C described above, an additional manufacturing apparatus is used in addition to the manufacturing apparatus for the gear cutting tool 1A of the first embodiment (detailed description is omitted). That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the additional manufacturing apparatus 90 is attached to the grinding apparatus 60 and includes a powder supply apparatus 91, a light irradiation apparatus 92, and the like.

The powder supply device 91 injects and supplies a high-speed tool steel or cemented carbide powder material onto the outer surface of the rough blade mold portion 331C of the annular blade portion main body 30C of the gear cutting tool 1C supported by the spindle unit 61. .. The light irradiation device 92 irradiates the outer surface of the rough blade mold portion 331C of the annular blade portion main body 30C of the gear cutting tool 1C and the supplied powder material with, for example, laser light to form a molten pool, and the rough blade mold portion 331C. An additional model is added to the outer surface of the. The additional manufacturing apparatus 90 may be attached to the cutting apparatus or may be a single apparatus.

In the method of manufacturing the gear cutting tool 1C, first, the tool body 2C, the annular blade portion body 30C, and the rough blade mold portion 331C are machined from a solid material made of carburized steel, for example, with a cutting device (machining step). At this time, the rough blade mold portion 331C may be rough-processed. Then, the addition manufacturing apparatus 90 adds an addition model made of, for example, a cemented carbide to the outer surface of the plurality of rough blade mold portions 331C (addition step). Then, the grinding device 60 performs a finishing process in which the additional modeled object is a modeling blade 332C that serves as a cutting edge (processing process).

When the tool body 2C, the annular blade body 30C, and the rough blade mold portion 331C are configured as separate members, the same as the manufacturing method of the gear cutting tools 1A and 1B of the first and second embodiments. It becomes a process. Further, in the third embodiment, the case where the additional modeled object is added by the additional manufacturing apparatus 90 to form the modeling blade 332C has been described, but the tip (additional modeling) which is a cutting edge made of high-speed tool steel or cemented carbide The object) may be used as a modeling blade 332C and brazed to the outer surface of a plurality of rough blade mold portions 331C.

1A, 1B, 1C: Tooth cutting tool, 2A, 2B, 2C: Tool body, 3A, 3B: Tool blade, 30A, 30B, 30C: Circular blade body, 33A, 33B, 33C: Blade, 331C: Rough blade Mold part, 332C: Molding blade, 50: Shrink disc, 60: Grinding equipment, 70: Spanning, 81: Key, 90: Additional manufacturing equipment

Claims (11)

A gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth on a workpiece.
Cylindrical or columnar tool body and
A plurality of blades formed as one member separate from the tool body and coaxially connected to one end side of the tool body as an integral part on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade body and the annular blade body. An annular tool blade with
A gear cutting tool. The gear cutting tool according to claim 1, further comprising a fastening member for fastening the annular blade portion main body of the tool blade portion to the tool body. The fastening member according to claim 2, wherein the fastening member is a fastening screw that directly fastens the tool body and the annular blade body of the tool blade that is coaxially adjusted to the tool body with a tightening force. Tooth cutting tool. The fastening member includes a friction fastening element that is interposed between the outer peripheral surface of the tool body and the inner peripheral surface of the annular blade portion body of the tool blade portion in the radial direction and is fastened by a frictional force. The described gear cutting tool. The gear cutting tool according to claim 4, wherein the fastening member includes a friction screw that generates a frictional force of the frictional fastening element by a tightening force. The gear cutting tool is further provided on the tool body and the annular blade body of the tool blade, and is a rotation restricting member that regulates the relative rotation of the tool body and the tool blade with the annular blade body. The gear cutting tool according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising. The gear cutting tool according to any one of claims 2-6, wherein the tool blade portion is positioned with the outer peripheral surface of the tool body as a reference surface. A gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth on a workpiece.
Cylindrical or columnar tool body and
An annular blade portion body that is configured as one member separate from the tool body or is formed as an integral part of the tool body and is provided coaxially on one end side of the tool body.
A plurality of blades formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade main body, at least a part of which is an additional model,
A gear cutting tool. Each of the plurality of blades
A rough blade mold portion formed as an integral part on the outer peripheral surface of the annular blade portion main body,
A modeling blade formed as an additional model on the outer surface of the rough blade mold portion,
The gear cutting tool according to any one of claims 1-8. A method of manufacturing a gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth in a workpiece.
A connecting step of connecting an annular tool blade portion formed as one member separate from the cylindrical or columnar tool body to one end side of the tool body.
After the connection step, a coaxial adjustment step of coaxially adjusting the rotation axis of the tool body and the rotation axis of the tool blade with an axis adjusting member,
After the coaxial adjustment step, a fastening step of fastening the tool body and the tool blade with a fastening member,
After the fastening process, a processing step of processing a plurality of blades on the outer peripheral surface of the tool blade portion and
A method of manufacturing a gear cutting tool. A method of manufacturing a gear cutting tool that creates gear teeth in a workpiece.
An annular tool blade that is configured as a member separate from the cylindrical or columnar tool body or is formed as an integral part of the tool body and is coaxially provided on one end side of the tool body. An additional process of adding an additional model that functions as multiple blades to the outer peripheral surface of the part,
After the addition process, a processing step of processing the additional model as a modeling blade, and
A method of manufacturing a gear cutting tool.

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