JP2020191168A - Electric wire - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、電線に関する。 The present invention relates to electric wires.
従来、電線として、引込線や屋内配線のように屋内外において固定されて用いられる電線が知られている。電線は、固定される際、高所や狭所での施工作業が必要となるため、人の力により変形可能な可撓性を有していることが好ましい。 Conventionally, as an electric wire, an electric wire that is fixed and used indoors and outdoors, such as a drop wire and indoor wiring, is known. Since the electric wire requires construction work in a high place or a narrow place when it is fixed, it is preferable that the electric wire has flexibility that can be deformed by human force.
例えば、特許文献１には、導体と、該導体を被覆する被覆材とを備えた電線であって、前記導体が中心線と該中心線の外側に複数の層を形成するように撚りかけられた撚り線とを有する電線が記載されている。かかる構成によれば、導体が、複数の層を形成するように撚りかけられた撚り線によって細分化されているため、可撓性が向上する。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes an electric wire provided with a conductor and a coating material for coating the conductor, and the conductor is twisted so as to form a center line and a plurality of layers outside the center line. An electric wire having a stranded wire is described. According to such a configuration, the conductor is subdivided by stranded wires twisted to form a plurality of layers, so that flexibility is improved.
しかしながら、特許文献１に記載された電線は、可撓性が未だ不十分であり、特に、導体の断面積が比較的大きい場合、人の力では変形させることが困難であり、上記のような電線には適さないという問題点を有する。 However, the electric wire described in Patent Document 1 is still insufficient in flexibility, and it is difficult to deform it by human force, especially when the cross-sectional area of the conductor is relatively large, as described above. It has a problem that it is not suitable for electric wires.
上記問題点に鑑み、本発明は、比較的可撓性に優れた電線を提供することを課題とする。 In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an electric wire having relatively excellent flexibility.
従来技術の導体は、変形時、撚り線が中心から見て外側に膨らむことによって、それ自体はある程度の可撓性を有している。しかしながら、本願発明者らは、そのような導体が被覆材で拘束されると、導体の外側に膨らもうとする力が「かたさ」となって電線に現れ、電線の可撓性が低下する原因となることを発見し、本発明を見出すに至った。 The conductor of the prior art has a certain degree of flexibility in itself due to the stranded wire bulging outward when viewed from the center when deformed. However, the inventors of the present application show that when such a conductor is restrained by a covering material, a force that tends to swell to the outside of the conductor becomes "hardness" and appears on the electric wire, and the flexibility of the electric wire is reduced. We found the cause and came to find the present invention.
本発明に係る電線は、
導体と、該導体を被覆する被覆材とを備えた電線であって、
前記導体は、中心線と、該中心線の外側に三層以上の層を形成するように撚りかけられた撚り線とを有し、
前記中心線に接する撚り線が形成する前記層を第１層とし、前記第１層の外側に接する撚り線が形成する前記層を第２層としたときに、少なくとも前記第２層から最外層までの前記層を形成する撚り線は、撚り方向が同方向であり且つ互いに平行するように撚りかけられている。
The electric wire according to the present invention
An electric wire provided with a conductor and a coating material for covering the conductor.
The conductor has a center line and a stranded wire twisted so as to form three or more layers on the outside of the center line.
When the layer formed by the stranded wire in contact with the center line is the first layer and the layer formed by the stranded wire in contact with the outside of the first layer is the second layer, at least the second layer to the outermost layer. The stranded wires forming the above layers are twisted so that the twisting directions are the same and parallel to each other.
斯かる構成によれば、導体の少なくとも第２層から最外層を形成する撚り線が、同じ撚り方向であり且つ互いに平行するように撚りかけられていることによって、屈曲のような変形時、撚り線が中心線から離れて中心から見て外側に膨らむことが抑制される。このため、導体が被覆材で覆われることによって拘束された場合であっても、電線は曲げ易く、すなわち、比較的可撓性が優れたものとなる。 According to such a configuration, the stranded wires forming the outermost layer from at least the second layer of the conductor are twisted in the same twist direction and parallel to each other, so that they are twisted at the time of deformation such as bending. It is suppressed that the line bulges outward when viewed from the center away from the center line. Therefore, even when the conductor is restrained by being covered with a covering material, the electric wire is easily bent, that is, relatively excellent in flexibility.
また、本発明に係る電線は、
前記第１層を形成する撚り線が、前記第２層から最外層までの前記層を形成する撚り線とは逆方向に撚りかけられていてもよい。
Further, the electric wire according to the present invention is
The stranded wire forming the first layer may be twisted in the direction opposite to the stranded wire forming the layer from the second layer to the outermost layer.
斯かる構成によれば、第１層を形成する撚り線の撚り方向が、第２層から最外層を形成する撚り線の撚り方向とは逆方向に撚りかけられていることによって、製造時、導体を構成する単一の素線がたわみにくくなるため、取り扱い易くなる。すなわち、電線が比較的容易に製造され得る。 According to such a configuration, the twisting direction of the stranded conductor forming the first layer is twisted in the direction opposite to the twisting direction of the stranded wire forming the outermost layer from the second layer. Since the single wire that constitutes the conductor is less likely to bend, it is easier to handle. That is, the electric wire can be manufactured relatively easily.
また、本発明に係る電線は、前記導体が、同心撚りの導体であってもよい。同心撚りの導体には円形圧縮されていない丸撚りの導体と丸撚りの導体を円形圧縮させた円形圧縮導体が含まれるが、円形圧縮導体が好ましい。 Further, in the electric wire according to the present invention, the conductor may be a concentric twisted conductor. The concentric twisted conductor includes a circularly twisted conductor that is not circularly compressed and a circularly compressed conductor that is a circularly compressed circularly twisted conductor, and a circularly compressed conductor is preferable.
斯かる構成によれば、同心撚りの導体、特に、円形圧縮導体であっても優れた可撓性を発揮し得る。 According to such a configuration, even a concentric twisted conductor, particularly a circular compressed conductor, can exhibit excellent flexibility.
また、本発明に係る電線は、前記導体の断面積が１００ｍｍ２以上であってもよい。 Further, the electric wire according to the present invention may have a cross-sectional area of 100 mm 2 or more of the conductor.
斯かる構成によれば、導体の断面積が１００ｍｍ２以上の比較的大きい場合であっても、優れた可撓性を発揮し得る。 According to such a configuration, excellent flexibility can be exhibited even when the cross-sectional area of the conductor is relatively large of 100 mm 2 or more.
以上の通り、本発明によれば、比較的可撓性に優れた電線が提供され得る。 As described above, according to the present invention, an electric wire having relatively excellent flexibility can be provided.
以下、図面を参照しつつ、一実施形態に係る電線について説明する。 Hereinafter, the electric wire according to the embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１に示すように、本実施形態に係る電線１は、断面が円形状であり、電線１の中心部に配された導体１０と、導体１０を被覆する被覆材２０とを備えている。被覆材２０は、導体１０の外側に接するように配された絶縁体２２と、絶縁体２２の外側に接するように配されたシース２４とを有している。 As shown in FIG. 1, the electric wire 1 according to the present embodiment has a circular cross section, and includes a conductor 10 arranged at the center of the electric wire 1 and a covering material 20 for covering the conductor 10. The covering material 20 has an insulator 22 arranged so as to be in contact with the outside of the conductor 10, and a sheath 24 arranged so as to be in contact with the outside of the insulator 22.
本実施形態の電線１は、電柱又は建物に固定された状態で用いられる。電線１は、６００Ｖ用の低圧配線であり、特に住宅の引込線や屋内配線として好適に使用され得る。このような電線１は、固定される際、高所や狭所での施工作業が必要となるため、人の力によって変形可能な可撓性を有していることが好適である。
また、電線１は、所望の固定形状に変形させた際に、特に固定具等を使用せずとも、変形させた状態を保持する形状保持性を有していることが好適である。このため、電線１は、曲げ荷重（Ｎ）が１９０Ｎ以下であれば人の力で十分屈曲可能であるうえ、通常７０Ｎ以上、好ましくは１００Ｎ以上、さらに好ましくは１５０Ｎ以上であれば、いずれの場合も変形させた状態を保持し得る形状保持性を有しているため、好ましい電線と言える。
The electric wire 1 of the present embodiment is used in a state of being fixed to a utility pole or a building. The electric wire 1 is a low-voltage wiring for 600V, and can be particularly suitably used as a service line for a house or an indoor wiring. Since such an electric wire 1 requires construction work in a high place or a narrow place when it is fixed, it is preferable that the electric wire 1 has flexibility that can be deformed by human force.
Further, it is preferable that the electric wire 1 has a shape-retaining property that retains the deformed state when it is deformed into a desired fixed shape, even if a fixture or the like is not used. Therefore, if the bending load (N) is 190 N or less, the electric wire 1 can be sufficiently bent by human power, and if it is usually 70 N or more, preferably 100 N or more, and more preferably 150 N or more, in any case. It can be said that it is a preferable electric wire because it has a shape-retaining property that can hold a deformed state.
導体１０は、導体１０の中心部に配された単一の銅素線からなる中心線１２と、中心線１２の外側に撚りかけられた複数の撚り線１４とを有する。 The conductor 10 has a center line 12 made of a single copper wire arranged at the center of the conductor 10 and a plurality of stranded wires 14 twisted outside the center line 12.
本実施形態では、導体１０を形成する単一の銅素線は、線径が通常０．４〜３．６ｍｍ、好ましくは１．５〜２．７ｍｍ、さらに好ましくは１．８〜２．０ｍｍである。 In the present embodiment, the single copper wire forming the conductor 10 has a wire diameter of usually 0.4 to 3.6 mm, preferably 1.5 to 2.7 mm, and more preferably 1.8 to 2.0 mm. Is.
撚り線１４は、中心線１２の外側に複数の層を形成するように撚りかけられている。言い換えれば、導体１０を断面から見たときに、撚り線１４は、同心円状の複数の層を形成するように撚りかけられている。本実施形態では、撚り線１４は、四層を形成するように撚りかけられている。また、各層の撚り線１４は、各層ごとに圧縮されて撚られている。すなわち、本実施形態の導体１０は、同心撚りの導体のうち、円形圧縮導体である。 The stranded wire 14 is twisted so as to form a plurality of layers on the outer side of the center wire 12. In other words, when the conductor 10 is viewed from the cross section, the stranded wires 14 are twisted so as to form a plurality of concentric layers. In this embodiment, the stranded wire 14 is twisted so as to form four layers. Further, the stranded wire 14 of each layer is compressed and twisted for each layer. That is, the conductor 10 of the present embodiment is a circular compression conductor among the concentric twisted conductors.
撚り線１４が形成する層の数は、三層以上であることが好ましくは、四層以上であることがより好ましい。また、撚り線１４が形成する層の数は、通常六層以下である。 The number of layers formed by the stranded wire 14 is preferably three or more, and more preferably four or more. The number of layers formed by the stranded wire 14 is usually six or less.
図１に示すように、本実施形態では、撚り線１４が形成する層のうち、中心線１２に接する層を第１層Ｌ１、絶縁体２２に外側が接する層を第４層Ｌ４、第１層Ｌ１と第４層Ｌ４との間の層を内側から順に第２層Ｌ２及び第３層Ｌ３とする。各層を形成する撚り線１４の本数（撚り本数）は、第１層Ｌ１において６本、第２層Ｌ２において１２本、第３層Ｌ３において１８本、第４層Ｌ４において２４本である。このように、本実施形態の導体１０は、撚り線１４が四層を形成しており、１本の中心線１２に計６０本の撚り線１４を加えた合計６１本の単一の銅素線を有している（以下、６１本撚りと称する）。これに対して、撚り線１４が三層を形成している場合、導体１０は、１本の中心線に計３６本の撚り線１４を加えた合計３７本の単一の銅素線を有することとなる（以下、３７本撚りと称する）。 As shown in FIG. 1, among the layers formed by the stranded wire 14, the layer in contact with the center line 12 is the first layer L1, the layer in contact with the insulator 22 on the outside is the fourth layer L4, and the first layer. The layers between the layers L1 and the fourth layer L4 are designated as the second layer L2 and the third layer L3 in order from the inside. The number of stranded wires 14 forming each layer (number of stranded wires) is 6 in the first layer L1, 12 in the second layer L2, 18 in the third layer L3, and 24 in the fourth layer L4. As described above, in the conductor 10 of the present embodiment, the stranded wires 14 form four layers, and a total of 60 stranded wires 14 are added to one center wire 12 to form a total of 61 single copper elements. It has a wire (hereinafter referred to as 61 twists). On the other hand, when the stranded wire 14 forms three layers, the conductor 10 has a total of 37 single copper wires in which a total of 36 stranded wires 14 are added to one center wire. This is the case (hereinafter referred to as 37 twists).
撚り線１４のうち、少なくとも第２層Ｌ２から最外層たる第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４は、撚り方向が同方向になるように撚りかけられている。図２に示すように、本実施形態では、第２層Ｌ２、第３層Ｌ３及び第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４は、撚り方向がＳ撚りとなるように撚りかけられている。一方、本実施形態では、第１層Ｌ１を形成する撚り線１４は、撚り方向がＺ撚りとなるように撚りかけられているが、これに限定されず、Ｓ撚りとなるように撚りかけられていてもよい。 Of the stranded wires 14, the stranded wires 14 forming at least the outermost layer, the fourth layer L4, from the second layer L2 are twisted so that the twisting directions are the same. As shown in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the stranded wires 14 forming the second layer L2, the third layer L3, and the fourth layer L4 are twisted so that the twist direction is S twist. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the stranded wire 14 forming the first layer L1 is twisted so as to have a Z twist in the twisting direction, but is not limited to this, and is twisted so as to have an S twist. You may be.
また、撚り線１４のうち、少なくとも第２層Ｌ２から最外層たる第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４は、互いに平行するように撚りかけられている。言い換えれば、図３に示すように、第２層Ｌ２、第３層Ｌ３及び第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４２、撚り線１４３及び撚り線１４４それぞれが、電線１の長さ方向に対してなす角度を撚り角度θ２、θ３及びθ４としたときに、後述する実験例１の通りθ２＝θ３＝θ４となるように撚りかけられている。そして、θ２＝θ３＝θ４である場合、第２層Ｌ２から第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４が、互いに同角度で平行しているものとする。
また、後述する実験例２や実験例３は、θ３＝θ４となるように撚りかけられている。この場合、第３層Ｌ３から第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４が、互いに同角度で平行しているものとする。なお、この場合において、θ２≠θ３、θ２≠θ４、すなわち互いに同角度ではないものの、これらの角度の差が３〜８°の範囲内であれば、撚り線１４が、互いに平行しているものとする。すなわち、実験例２や実験例３は、第２層Ｌ２から第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４が、互いに平行しているものとする。
尚、撚り角度は、下記の式（１）に基づいて算出される（図４も参照）。また、撚り角度は、平均角度として算出された値とする。すなわち、各層１２本の撚り線を任意に抽出した後、合計１２本（４層×３本）の撚り線の撚り角度を算出し、その算術平均値を撚り角度とする。また、撚り角度は、小数第二位を四捨五入した値とする。
θ２〜θ４＝ｔａｎ−１ （導体外径×π）/（撚りピッチ倍数）・・・（１）
Further, among the stranded wires 14, at least the stranded wires 14 forming the fourth layer L4, which is the outermost layer from the second layer L2, are twisted so as to be parallel to each other. In other words, as shown in FIG. 3, the stranded wire 142, the stranded wire 143, and the stranded wire 144 forming the second layer L2, the third layer L3, and the fourth layer L4 are each with respect to the length direction of the electric wire 1. When the twisting angles are set to the twist angles θ 2 , θ 3 and θ 4 , they are twisted so that θ 2 = θ 3 = θ 4 as in Experimental Example 1 described later. When θ 2 = θ 3 = θ 4 , it is assumed that the stranded wires 14 forming the second layer L2 to the fourth layer L4 are parallel to each other at the same angle.
Further, Experimental Example 2 and Experimental Example 3 described later are twisted so that θ 3 = θ 4 . In this case, it is assumed that the stranded wires 14 forming the third layer L3 to the fourth layer L4 are parallel to each other at the same angle. In this case, θ 2 ≠ θ 3, θ 2 ≠ θ 4 , that is, if the angles are not the same, but the difference between these angles is within the range of 3 to 8 °, the stranded wires 14 are parallel to each other. It is assumed that you are doing. That is, in Experimental Example 2 and Experimental Example 3, it is assumed that the stranded wires 14 forming the second layer L2 to the fourth layer L4 are parallel to each other.
The twist angle is calculated based on the following formula (1) (see also FIG. 4). The twist angle is a value calculated as an average angle. That is, after arbitrarily extracting 12 stranded wires in each layer, the twist angle of a total of 12 stranded wires (4 layers × 3) is calculated, and the arithmetic mean value thereof is used as the twist angle. The twist angle shall be the value rounded to the first decimal place.
θ 2 to θ 4 = tan -1 (conductor outer diameter x π) / (twisting pitch multiple) ... (1)
撚り角度θ２、θ３及びθ４は、通常６〜１８°、好ましくは８〜１８°に設定されている。 The twist angles θ 2 , θ 3 and θ 4 are usually set to 6 to 18 °, preferably 8 to 18 °.
撚り本数は、上記のように、第１層Ｌ１（６本）＜第２層Ｌ２（１２本）＜第３層Ｌ３（１８本）＜第４層Ｌ４（２４本）であり、撚り本数が多い程可撓性へ与える影響が大きくなる。よって、可撓性が優れた電線とするためには、撚り角度は、通常θ３＝θ４、好ましくはθ２＝θ３＝θ４とし、角度の範囲はいずれの場合も±１°に設定される。本実施形態では、当該設定範囲内において、θ２＝θ３＝θ４とする。 As described above, the number of twists is 1st layer L1 (6 pieces) <2nd layer L2 (12 pieces) <3rd layer L3 (18 pieces) <4th layer L4 (24 pieces), and the number of twists is The greater the number, the greater the effect on flexibility. Therefore, in order to obtain an electric wire having excellent flexibility, the twist angle is usually θ 3 = θ 4 , preferably θ 2 = θ 3 = θ 4 , and the angle range is ± 1 ° in each case. Set. In the present embodiment, θ 2 = θ 3 = θ 4 within the set range.
撚り線１４の撚りピッチ倍数は、通常１０〜３０、好ましくは１１〜２７に設定されている。撚りピッチ倍数を大きくするほど可撓性は向上し、撚りピッチ倍数を１０倍以下に設定すると、可撓性が低下する。また、撚りピッチ倍数を３０倍以上に設定すると、可撓性が低下するだけではなく、電線を切断した場合、導体がバラけて、実運用上に不具合が発生する。 The twist pitch multiple of the stranded wire 14 is usually set to 10 to 30, preferably 11 to 27. The flexibility increases as the twist pitch multiple is increased, and the flexibility decreases when the twist pitch multiple is set to 10 times or less. Further, when the twist pitch multiple is set to 30 times or more, not only the flexibility is lowered, but also when the electric wire is cut, the conductors are separated and a problem occurs in actual operation.
本実施形態のように、第１層Ｌ１を形成する撚り線１４１は、第２層Ｌ２から最外層たる第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４２〜１４４とは逆方向に撚りかけられていることが好ましい。この場合、電線１の長さ方向に対する撚り線１４１がなす角度を撚り角度θ１としたときに、θ１は、通常６〜１８°、好ましくは６〜１５°に設定されている。
尚、θ１は、上記θ２〜θ４と同様に前述の式（１）に基づいて算出され得る平均角度とする。
As in the present embodiment, the stranded wire 141 forming the first layer L1 is twisted from the second layer L2 in the opposite direction to the stranded wire 142-144 forming the fourth layer L4 which is the outermost layer. Is preferable. In this case, when the angle formed by the stranded wire 141 with respect to the length direction of the electric wire 1 is the twist angle θ 1 , θ 1 is usually set to 6 to 18 °, preferably 6 to 15 °.
Note that θ 1 is an average angle that can be calculated based on the above equation (1) in the same manner as in θ 2 to θ 4 above.
上記のように構成された導体１０は、断面積が、通常１．２５〜１０００ｍｍ２、好ましくは１４〜１５０ｍｍ２、より好ましくは６０〜１５０ｍｍ２であり、さらに好ましくは１００〜１５０ｍｍ２である。 The conductor 10 configured as described above has a cross-sectional area of usually 1.25 to 1000 mm 2 , preferably 14 to 150 mm 2 , more preferably 60 to 150 mm 2 , and even more preferably 100 to 150 mm 2 .
導体１０の断面積が６０〜１５０ｍｍ２、特に１００〜１５０ｍｍ２である場合、撚り線１４が形成する層の数は、三層以上又は四層以上であることが好ましく、導体１０は、３７本撚り又は６１本撚りであることが好ましい。 If the cross-sectional area of the conductor 10 is 60～150Mm 2, in particular 100 to 150 mm 2, the number of layers of twisted wire 14 is formed, is preferably more than three layers or four layers or more, conductors 10, 37 present It is preferably twisted or 61 twisted.
絶縁体２２は、電線１が適度な可撓性を有する限り特に材質は限定されないが、架橋ポリエチレン、非架橋ポリエチレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ゴム等の樹脂製であり、これらの中でも架橋ポリエチレン製であることが好ましい。また、絶縁体２２は、厚みが通常０．８〜３．５ｍｍ、好ましくは１．０〜２．０ｍｍ、さらに好ましくは１．５〜２．０ｍｍに設定されている。 The material of the insulator 22 is not particularly limited as long as the electric wire 1 has appropriate flexibility, but the insulator 22 is made of a resin such as cross-linked polyethylene, non-cross-linked polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, rubber, and among these, is made of cross-linked polyethylene. Is preferable. The thickness of the insulator 22 is usually set to 0.8 to 3.5 mm, preferably 1.0 to 2.0 mm, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
シース２４は、電線１が適度な可撓性を有する限り特に材質は限定されないが、塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン等の樹脂製である。シース２４は、厚みが通常１．５〜３．３ｍｍ、好ましくは１．５〜２．６ｍｍ、さらに好ましくは１．５〜２．０ｍｍに設定されている。 The material of the sheath 24 is not particularly limited as long as the electric wire 1 has appropriate flexibility, but the sheath 24 is made of a resin such as vinyl chloride or polyethylene. The thickness of the sheath 24 is usually set to 1.5 to 3.3 mm, preferably 1.5 to 2.6 mm, and more preferably 1.5 to 2.0 mm.
上記のように、本実施形態の電線１は、少なくとも第２層Ｌ２から第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線１４の撚り方向が同方向であり且つ互いに平行するように撚りかけられていることによって、屈曲のような変形時、撚り線１４が中心線１２から離れて、中心から見て外側に膨らむことが抑制される。このため、導体１０が被覆材２０で覆われることによって拘束された場合であっても、電線１は曲がり易くなっている。特に、導体１０の断面積が６０〜１５０ｍｍ２のように比較的大きい場合であっても、電線１は優れた可撓性を発揮し得る。 As described above, the electric wire 1 of the present embodiment is twisted so that at least the stranded wires 14 forming the second layer L2 to the fourth layer L4 are twisted in the same direction and parallel to each other. At the time of deformation such as bending, the stranded wire 14 is prevented from being separated from the center line 12 and bulging outward when viewed from the center. Therefore, even when the conductor 10 is restrained by being covered with the covering material 20, the electric wire 1 is easily bent. In particular, even when the cross-sectional area of the conductor 10 is relatively large, such as 60 to 150 mm 2 , the electric wire 1 can exhibit excellent flexibility.
また、電線１は、同心撚りの導体であることによって、導体１０（最外層Ｌ４における各素線の間）への絶縁体２２の食い込みが低減されるため、より優れた可撓性を発揮し得る。 Further, since the electric wire 1 is a concentric twisted conductor, the biting of the insulator 22 into the conductor 10 (between the respective strands in the outermost layer L4) is reduced, so that the electric wire 1 exhibits more excellent flexibility. obtain.
以上のように、例示として一実施形態を示したが、本発明に係る電線は、上記実施形態の構成に限定されるものではない。また、本発明に係る電線は、上記した作用効果により限定されるものでもない。本発明に係る電線は、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変更が可能である。 As described above, one embodiment has been shown as an example, but the electric wire according to the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment. Further, the electric wire according to the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned action and effect. The electric wire according to the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the gist of the present invention.
以下、実施例により本発明をさらに説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be further described with reference to Examples.
［実験例］
撚り線を下記表１に示す撚り方向に撚り、撚りピッチ、撚り角度θをなすように、実験例１〜４の電線を製造した。また、各電線の導体の断面積は１５０ｍｍ２とした。具体的には、線径１．８ｍｍの銅素線を用い、１本の中心線に６本の撚り線を撚りかけ、ダイヤモンド製の円孔ダイスで圧縮することにより第１層Ｌ１を形成した。同様にして、１２本、１８本及び２４本の素線を用い、それぞれ第２層Ｌ２、第３層Ｌ３及び第４層Ｌ４を形成し、同心撚りの導体を製造した。ここでダイヤモンド製の円孔ダイスとして、第１層Ｌ１では穴径：４．９ｍｍ、第２層Ｌ２では穴径：８．１ｍｍ、第３層Ｌ３では穴径：１１．３ｍｍ、第４層Ｌ４では穴径：１４．５ｍｍのものを用いた。この導体を厚み２．０ｍｍの架橋ポリエチレン製の絶縁体により被覆し、さらに該絶縁体の外側から厚み１．５ｍｍのビニル製のシースを被覆し、電線を製造した。
[Experimental example]
The electric wires of Experimental Examples 1 to 4 were manufactured so that the stranded wire was twisted in the twisting direction shown in Table 1 below to form a twisting pitch and a twisting angle θ. The cross-sectional area of the conductor of each electric wire was set to 150 mm 2 . Specifically, using a copper wire having a wire diameter of 1.8 mm, six stranded wires were twisted around one center wire and compressed with a diamond circular hole die to form the first layer L1. .. In the same manner, the second layer L2, the third layer L3 and the fourth layer L4 were formed by using 12, 18 and 24 strands, respectively, to produce a concentric twisted conductor. Here, as a circular hole die made of diamond, the hole diameter of the first layer L1 is 4.9 mm, the hole diameter of the second layer L2 is 8.1 mm, the hole diameter of the third layer L3 is 11.3 mm, and the fourth layer L4. Then, a hole diameter of 14.5 mm was used. This conductor was coated with a cross-linked polyethylene insulator having a thickness of 2.0 mm, and a vinyl sheath having a thickness of 1.5 mm was further coated from the outside of the insulator to manufacture an electric wire.
また、従来品の電線（タツタ電線株式会社製６００Ｖ、ＣＶ、１×１５０ＳＱ）を参考例１として評価した。尚、参考例１の電線は、導体が３７本撚りであり、導体の断面積が１５０ｍｍ２であり、撚り線が形成する層の数は三層である。また、被覆材は、架橋ポリエチレン製の絶縁体とビニル製のシースである。 Further, a conventional electric wire (600V, CV, 1 × 150SQ manufactured by Tatsuta Electric Wire Co., Ltd.) was evaluated as Reference Example 1. The electric wire of Reference Example 1 has a conductor of 37 strands, a cross-sectional area of the conductor of 150 mm 2 , and the number of layers formed by the stranded wire is three. The covering material is an insulator made of cross-linked polyethylene and a sheath made of vinyl.
［評価方法］
上記で製造した電線について可撓性を評価した。具体的には、図５に示すような圧縮試験機を用いて、圧縮試験を実施することにより評価した。結果を表２に示した。
[Evaluation methods]
The flexibility of the wires manufactured above was evaluated. Specifically, it was evaluated by carrying out a compression test using a compression tester as shown in FIG. The results are shown in Table 2.
表２に示したように、実験例１の電線は、第２層Ｌ２から第４層Ｌ４を形成する撚り線の撚り方向が同方向であり且つ互いに平行するように撚りかけられていることによって、他の電線と比較して曲げ荷重（Ｎ）が小さく、最も優れた可撓性を有することが認められた。また、実験例１の電線は、曲げ荷重（Ｎ）が１９０Ｎ以下であり、１９０Ｎを十分に下回っていることが認められ、人の力で十分屈曲可能であり、且つ、曲げ荷重（Ｎ）が１５０Ｎ以上であるため変形させた状態を保持する形状保持性を有していた。
また、実験例２や実験例３の電線も実験例１の電線ほどではないものの、参考例１の電線に比べて、優れた可撓性を有することが認められた。上記のように、曲げ荷重（Ｎ）が１９０Ｎ以下であり、１９０Ｎを十分に下回っていることが認められ、人の力で十分屈曲可能であり、且つ、１５０Ｎ以上であるため変形させた状態を保持する形状保持性を有していた。
一方、実験例４の電線では、従来品である参考例１の電線よりも可撓性が劣ることが認められた。
As shown in Table 2, the electric wires of Experimental Example 1 are twisted so that the twist directions of the stranded wires forming the second layer L2 to the fourth layer L4 are the same and parallel to each other. It was found that the bending load (N) was smaller than that of other electric wires and that the wire had the best flexibility. Further, it is recognized that the electric wire of Experimental Example 1 has a bending load (N) of 190 N or less, which is sufficiently less than 190 N, is sufficiently bendable by human power, and has a bending load (N). Since it is 150 N or more, it has a shape-retaining property that holds the deformed state.
Further, although the electric wires of Experimental Example 2 and Experimental Example 3 were not as good as the electric wires of Experimental Example 1, it was found that they had excellent flexibility as compared with the electric wires of Reference Example 1. As described above, it is recognized that the bending load (N) is 190 N or less, which is sufficiently lower than 190 N, is sufficiently bendable by human power, and is 150 N or more, so that the deformed state is obtained. It had a shape-retaining property to be retained.
On the other hand, it was found that the electric wire of Experimental Example 4 was inferior in flexibility to the electric wire of Reference Example 1 which was a conventional product.
１：電線、
１０：導体、１２：中心線、１４：撚り線、
２０：被覆材、２２：絶縁体、２４：シース、
Ｌ１：第１層、Ｌ２：第２層、Ｌ３：第３層、Ｌ４：第４層
1: Electric wire,
10: Conductor, 12: Center line, 14: Stranded wire,
20: Coating material, 22: Insulator, 24: Sheath,
L1: 1st layer, L2: 2nd layer, L3: 3rd layer, L4: 4th layer
Claims (4)
前記導体は、中心線と、該中心線の外側に三層以上の層を形成するように撚りかけられた撚り線とを有し、
前記中心線に接する撚り線が形成する前記層を第１層とし、前記第１層の外側に接する撚り線が形成する前記層を第２層としたときに、少なくとも第２層から最外層までの前記層を形成する撚り線は、撚り方向が同方向であり且つ互いに平行するように撚りかけられている、電線。 An electric wire provided with a conductor and a coating material for covering the conductor.
The conductor has a center line and a stranded wire twisted so as to form three or more layers on the outside of the center line.
When the layer formed by the stranded wire in contact with the center line is the first layer and the layer formed by the stranded wire in contact with the outside of the first layer is the second layer, at least from the second layer to the outermost layer. The stranded wire forming the above-mentioned layer is an electric wire twisted so that the twisting directions are the same and parallel to each other.
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| JP2005259583A (en) * | 2004-03-12 | 2005-09-22 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Stranded wire conductor, its manufacturing method, and electric wire |
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