JP2020180464A - Excavator bucket rotation mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

To relieve an operator of cumbersome operations and enable the operator to efficiently clean trenches at the side of the road and excavate trenches, as well as excavate trenches near walls where it is difficult to get close to a body of an excavator.SOLUTION: In an excavator, a connection fitting 2 for connecting a bucket 1, a bucket arm 3 and a bucket cylinder 4 is provided. The connection fitting and the bucket are provided with a rotation mechanism for the bucket so that the bucket rotates by receiving an external force from the side surface of the trench, and rotation limiting means for limiting the rotation width or fixing the rotation is provided.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can efficiently clean a groove provided on the side of a road, excavate a groove, and excavate a groove in a place where it is difficult to approach the excavator body. Regarding the rotating mechanism of the bucket.
The excavator car of the present invention includes those named hydraulic excavators and backhoes, and those having the same functions as these.

Conventionally, a shovel car or the like has been proposed to facilitate cleaning of a groove provided on the side of a road or the like.
Patent Document 1 relates to a power shovel and a backhoe, and is small in size and has a bucket arm base end provided at the foot of the driver's seat so that it can be turned easily, making it easy to clean mud in the groove. It is done.

However, the bucket does not have a rotation mechanism, and in order to prevent the bucket from contacting the side surface of the groove, the operation of the arm cylinder, the bucket cylinder, etc. becomes complicated, and the excavator car body must be moved frequently. Must be.
In addition, it is difficult to excavate a ditch where there are walls or obstacles such as the side of a road because it is difficult to bring the excavator body close to it.

In Patent Document 2, when the bucket is rotatable and comes into contact with the side surface of the groove in the groove, the bucket is rotated along the direction of the groove by the action of a force from the side surface of the groove, and the arm It reduces the need for frequent operations of cylinders and bucket cylinders.
However, since it does not have a means for restricting the rotation of the bucket, it is not possible to excavate the groove, and the bucket is strong and frequently contacts the side surface of the groove, making it difficult to clean the groove. May be damaged.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-269936 Jikkenhei 7-2585 Gazette

The present invention relates to a bucket of a shovel car that enables efficient cleaning of a ditch such as a roadside, excavation of a ditch, and excavation of a ditch even near a wall or an obstacle.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a connection fitting for connecting the bucket, the bucket arm, and the bucket cylinder, provides the connection fitting and the bucket with a bucket rotation mechanism, and provides rotation limiting means.

The rotation limiting means is a means for limiting the rotation width of the bucket, and is a means for limiting the rotation width to a single rotation width or a means for selecting and limiting one of a plurality of different rotation widths. Good.
The rotation width is a range in which the bucket can move by rotation.

The rotation limiting means may fix the rotation of the bucket so that the directions of the bucket and the bucket arm are the same.
The same direction means that they are the same in plan projection.
Hereinafter, the same applies to other parts of the description of the present invention.

The rotation limiting means may be able to select the direction of the bucket and the bucket arm from a single different direction or a plurality of different directions and fix the bucket and the bucket arm in one direction.
The different directions are different directions in terms of plan projection.
Hereinafter, the same applies to other parts of the description of the present invention.

The center of rotation of the rotation mechanism is provided on the opening side of the intermediate position between the tip on the opening side in the length direction of the bucket and the rear end on the receiving side such as earth and sand which is a non-opening on the opposite side. Is good.

The length direction of the bucket will be described in detail in FIG. 7 of the embodiment, but it is for the width direction of the bucket and connects the opening side and the non-opening side receiving earth and sand or the like on the opposite side. The direction.

When cleaning a groove on the side of a road, etc., the main body of the excavator car is located next to the groove, so the bucket attached to the tip of the bucket arm in the same direction as the bucket arm in a plan view is in the direction of the groove. Not the same.
Therefore, even a small excavator car that can be turned easily requires complicated operations such as an arm cylinder and a bucket cylinder, and the excavator body must be moved frequently.

In the case of the present invention, since the bucket is rotatable, the bucket can be inserted into the groove even if the bucket arm and the groove are not parallel, and as the cleaning of the groove progresses, the bucket arm and the groove Even if the angle with the direction becomes large, the bucket contacts the inner wall of the groove and rotates by receiving an external force, and the direction of the bucket becomes the same as the direction of the groove.
Therefore, the complexity of operating the arm cylinder and the bucket cylinder is reduced, and the need for frequent movement of the excavator car body is also reduced.

Further, since the present invention has a rotation limiting means as well as a rotation mechanism of the bucket, it is possible to suppress unnecessarily rotation, facilitate the bucket to be inserted into the groove, and reduce the damage of the bucket to the inner wall of the groove.

Further, since the bucket also has a rotation limiting means, it is possible not only to clean the groove but also to limit the rotation to excavate the groove.

As described above, the excavator car having the bucket rotation mechanism and the rotation limiting means of the present invention can efficiently clean the groove and excavate the groove, so that the use of the excavator car is expanded. To do.

As a means for limiting the rotation width of the bucket, the rotation limiting means is a means for limiting the rotation width to a single rotation width or a means for selecting and limiting one of a plurality of different rotation widths. Cleaning of the groove can be done by selecting one rotation width from multiple rotation widths in relation to the work environment such as the width of the groove, the positional relationship between the groove and the excavator car, and the movement frequency of the excavator car. In addition to being able to do this and increasing efficiency, it is also possible to reduce the possibility that the bucket will unnecessarily contact the inner wall of the groove and damage the inner wall of the groove.

Since the rotation of the bucket can be fixed so that the directions of the bucket and the bucket arm are the same in the plane projection by the rotation limiting means, the rotation of the bucket can be fixed in the same direction as the bucket arm without rotating the bucket. You can dig a groove powerfully.

The rotation limiting means allows the direction of the bucket and the bucket arm to be selected from a single different direction or a plurality of different directions and fixed in one direction, so that the side of the groove can be excavated. Even if the excavator car body cannot be brought close to the groove due to obstacles such as walls, the groove can be excavated by operating the arm cylinder and bucket cylinder.
Furthermore, since the relationship between the bucket arm and the direction of the bucket can be determined by selecting from the multiple different directions according to the work environment, the work range of the excavator car is expanded and the trenching work becomes more convenient. become.

The center of rotation of the rotation mechanism is the opening rather than the intermediate position between the tip on the opening side in the length direction of the bucket and the rear end on the receiving side such as earth and sand, which is a non-opening on the opposite side of the opening side. Since it is provided on the side, the swing width on the receiving side such as earth and sand, which is the non-opening on the opposite side, is larger than the swing width on the opening side by the rotation mechanism, and it is mainly non-opening that contacts the side surface of the groove. It becomes the receiving side of earth and sand, which is a part.

The opening side of the bucket is angular for cleaning mud and excavating earth and sand, and there are also sharp parts.
Therefore, if it comes into contact with the inner wall of the concrete groove, the inner wall is easily damaged.
On the other hand, the receiving side of the non-opening earth and sand of the bucket is not angular and has no sharp portion, so that even if it comes into contact with the inner wall of the groove, it will not be damaged.

It is an overall schematic diagram of the excavator car which shows the embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the prior art for demonstrating the present invention. It is a plan view (1) of the excavator car which shows the embodiment of this invention. It is a plan view (2) of the excavator car which shows the embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of Example 1 which shows the rotation mechanism and rotation limiting means of a bucket. It is a perspective view of Example 1 which shows the rotation mechanism and rotation limiting means of a bucket. It is sectional drawing of Example 2 which shows the rotation mechanism and rotation limiting means of a bucket. It is a perspective view of Example 2 which shows the rotation mechanism and rotation limiting means of a bucket.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic view of an excavator car showing an embodiment of the present invention.
The bucket 1 is attached to the bucket arm 3 and the bucket cylinder 4 via the connection fitting 2. The position of the bucket is controlled by the arm cylinder 5 and the like, and the inclination of the bucket is controlled by the bucket cylinder 4.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional technique for explaining the present invention.
By moving the bucket arm 3, the bucket 1 is moved in the direction of the arrow to clean the groove 10.
When the bucket does not have the rotating portion 12, the groove 10 cannot be cleaned unless the excavator car body 6 is brought as close to the groove 10 as possible and the bucket arm 3 is moved as close as possible to the groove 10.
Further, the operation of the arm cylinder 5 and the bucket cylinder 4 and the like becomes complicated, and the excavator car body 6 needs to be moved frequently.
The inside of the circular alternate long and short dash line is a cross-sectional view of a groove or the like.

In the case of the prior art having the rotating portion 12, the groove 10 can be cleaned even if the directions of the bucket arm 3 and the groove 10 are changed, but since the rotation limiting means 24 which is a part of the configuration of the present invention is not provided. , Since the bucket is rotated by an external force, it is not possible to excavate a groove.
Further, even when cleaning the groove 10, the bucket frequently comes into contact with the inner wall of the groove 10 to make the work difficult or damage the inner wall.
A groove lid is inserted into the groove lid portion 11 of the groove and arranged.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view (1) of a shovel car showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Details will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, but since the bucket 1 and the connection fitting 2 are provided with a rotation mechanism for the bucket 1, the bucket arm 3 is moved to advance the cleaning of the groove and the plane with the groove 10. Even if the projective angle changes, the side surface of the bucket 1 contacts the side surface of the groove 10, and the side surface of the bucket 1 is rotated by the action of the force so as to follow the direction of the groove.
As a result, complicated operations of the arm cylinder 5 and the bucket cylinder 4 and the like are reduced, and the need for frequent movement of the excavator car body is also reduced, so that the efficiency of the cleaning work of the groove 10 is greatly improved.
Regarding the relationship between the width of the bucket 1 and the width of the inside of the groove 10, it is possible to select and use the bucket 1 having a width such that the distance between the side surface of the bucket 1 and the inner wall of the groove 10 is about 5 cm on one side. desirable.
The inside of the circular alternate long and short dash line is a cross-sectional view of a groove or the like.

Further, since the rotation limiting means 24 and the like are also provided, it becomes possible to excavate the groove, it is not difficult to insert the bucket 1 into the groove 10 by unnecessarily rotating, and the bucket 1 is frequently placed on the inner wall of the groove 10. It is also less likely that the inner wall will be damaged by strong contact with the inner wall.

FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view (2) of a shovel car showing an embodiment of the present invention.
Rotation is restricted by inserting the rotation fixing pin 24 into the fixing hole 30 or 31 of the bucket 1 through the pin pushing hole 28 of the rotation fixing piece 29.

By selecting the position from the fixing holes 31, for example, by fixing the bucket 1 so that the direction of the bucket arm and the plane projection angle are different as shown in (b), the direction is different from the direction of the bucket arm 3. It will be possible to excavate a ditch 14.
This means that it is possible to excavate a ditch 14 near a wall 15 such as a roadside or in parallel with it, and the use of the excavator car is greatly expanded.

If the rotation fixing pin 24 is inserted at the position of the fixing hole 30, the plane projection directions of the bucket arm 3 and the bucket 1 become the same, and as shown in (a), the groove is excavated 14 in the same direction as the bucket arm 3. Can be done.

Further, by selecting another hole of the fixing hole 31, the bucket can be fixed in the direction shown in (c), and the groove can be excavated 14 at a different angle with respect to the bucket arm 3.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the first embodiment showing the rotation mechanism of the bucket and the rotation limiting means.
A rotating arm 20 is attached to the connection fitting 2, and is inserted into a joint portion 21 fixed to the bucket side, and a pin 22 is inserted so that the nut 23 does not come off.
As a result, the bucket 1 can rotate about the pin 22. When fixing the rotation, the rotation is stopped by the rotation fixing pin 24 of the rotation limiting means. The connection fitting 2 is attached to the bucket cylinder 4 using the connection hole 25, and to the bucket arm 3 using the connection hole 26.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the first embodiment showing the rotation mechanism of the bucket and the rotation limiting means.
The connection fitting 2 has a rotating arm 20, which is inserted into the bucket joint portion 21 and is prevented from being disengaged by the nut 23 through the pin 22.
As a result, the bucket 1 can rotate about the pin 22.
The connection fitting 2 has a rotation fixing piece 29, and the rotation can be stopped by inserting the fixing pin 24 into either the pin pushing hole 28 or the fixing holes 30 or 31 of the bucket 1. There are a plurality of fixing holes 30 and 31, and the orientation of the bucket 1 with respect to the bucket arm 3 can be selected according to the plan orientation.
In some cases, for example, only the fixing hole 30 is provided as the fixing hole. In this case, the bucket and the bucket arm are fixed in the same plane projection direction.
Further, one of the fixing holes 31 may be provided, or a plurality of fixing holes may be provided.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of Example 2 showing the rotation mechanism of the bucket and the rotation limiting means.
It is the same as the rotation mechanism of the bucket of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5, but the rotation limiting means is different from that of the first embodiment.
This will be described in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the second embodiment showing the rotation mechanism of the bucket and the rotation limiting means.
The connection fitting 2 has a rotating arm 20, which is inserted into the bucket joint portion 21 and is prevented from being disengaged by the nut 23 through the pin 22.
As a result, the bucket 1 can rotate around the pin 22.

A long hole 35, a medium long hole 36, and a round hole 37 are provided in the lower portion of the connection fitting 2.
The length of the elongated hole 35 and the medium elongated hole 36 is the range in which the bucket can rotate and is the rotation width. If the rotation fixing pin 24 is inserted into the round hole 38 on the bucket side through the elongated hole 35, the rotation of the bucket is restricted by the length of the elongated hole 35.

Similarly, if the rotation fixing pin 24 is inserted into the round hole 39 through the medium-length hole 36, the rotation of the bucket is restricted by the length of the medium-length hole 36.
Further, if the rotation fixing pin 24 is inserted into the round hole 40 on the bucket side through the round hole 37, the rotation of the bucket is fixed.
Which rotation limiting means should be selected may be appropriately selected according to the width of the groove and other working conditions.
Although the elongated hole 35 and the medium elongated hole 36 are provided in the second embodiment, it may be sufficient to provide either one.

As described above, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of Example 2 showing the rotation mechanism of the bucket and the rotation limiting means.
The pin 22, which is the center of rotation of the bucket, is located closer to the opening 27 than the intermediate position in the length direction of the bucket 1.

The opening 27 of the bucket 1 is angular as compared with the receiving side of earth and sand, which is a non-opening on the opposite side in the length direction.
This is for cleaning sludge in the ditch and excavating earth and sand. Excavators also generally have sharp edges for scooping and excavating mud and earth and sand.
On the other hand, the non-opening side is not angular and has no particularly sharp part.

When cleaning the groove 10, the bucket 1 comes into contact with the inner wall of the groove 10 if the plane projection angle with the bucket arm 3 becomes larger, and the pin which is the center of rotation of the bucket is generated by the external force received from the inner wall. Rotating around 22, the bucket follows the groove 10.
At this time, if the angular opening 27 of the bucket 1 comes into contact with the inner wall of the groove 10, the inner wall may be damaged.

On the other hand, if the non-angular receivers such as earth and sand, which are non-openings on the opposite side of the bucket opening 27, come into contact with each other, the risk of damaging the inner wall of the groove 10 is greatly reduced.
Therefore, the pin 22, which is the center of rotation of the bucket, is arranged closer to the opening 27 than the intermediate position in the length direction of the bucket.

The intermediate position is the vertical portion of the right end in the length direction, which is the lower end of the diagonally downward-sloping line representing the right opening 27 in FIG. 7, and the upper portion of the line representing the non-opening sediment receiving side on the left side. It is the middle position on the left end.

As a result, the swing width of the bucket 1 in the groove 10 becomes larger on the earth and sand receiving side, which is a non-opening on the opposite side than the opening 27 side.
That is, the non-opening earth and sand receiving side on the opposite side of the opening 27 mainly contacts the inner wall of the groove 10.
Therefore, the possibility that the bucket 1 damages the inner wall of the groove 10 is greatly reduced.

According to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently clean a ditch on the side of a road, excavate a ditch, and excavate a ditch in a more difficult place. The range expands.
That is, the practical value is extremely high.

1 Bucket 2 Connection bracket 3 Bucket arm 4 Bucket cylinder 5 Arm cylinder 6 Excavator car body 10 Groove 11 Groove lid 12 Rotating part 13 Bucket arm base end 14 Groove excavation 15 Wall 20 Rotating arm 21 Bucket side joint Part 22 Pin 23 Nut 24 Rotating fixing pin 25 Mounting hole to bucket cylinder 26 Mounting hole to bucket arm 27 Opening 28 Fixing hole 29 Rotating fixing piece 30 Pin push hole 31 Pin push hole 35 Long hole 36 Medium long hole 37 Round hole 38-40 Bucket side round hole

Claims (5)

A bucket of a shovel car characterized in that a connection fitting for connecting the bucket, a bucket arm, and a bucket cylinder is provided, the connection fitting and the bucket are provided with a rotation mechanism of the bucket, and a rotation limiting means is provided. The rotation limiting means is a means for limiting the rotation width of the bucket, and is a means for limiting the rotation width to a single rotation width or a means for selecting and limiting one of a plurality of different rotation widths. Excavator car bucket according to item 1. The bucket of the excavator car according to claim 1, wherein the rotation limiting means can fix the rotation of the bucket so that the directions of the bucket and the bucket arm are the same. The excavator car according to claim 1, wherein the rotation limiting means can select the directions of the bucket and the bucket arm from a single different direction or a plurality of different directions and fix them in one direction. bucket The center of rotation of the rotation mechanism is provided on the opening side of the intermediate position between the tip on the opening side in the length direction of the bucket and the rear end on the receiving side such as earth and sand which is a non-opening on the opposite side. The excavator car bucket according to claim 1.

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