JP2020171247A - Steam heating treatment method and system of buried seed - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a steam heating treatment method and a system of buried seeds capable of disabling germination of buried seeds, while reducing energy and water amount required for steam heating treatment of buried seeds.SOLUTION: While exhausting steam S from an exhaust nozzle 4a of an insertion tube 4 inserted and installed in an object range of the ground G, a soil temperature in the object range is measured, and a condition on the steam S is adjusted based on the measured soil temperature. Hereby, buried seeds B existing in the soil from the ground surface GS to a prescribed depth D in the object range are heated at a prescribed temperature and a prescribed time set beforehand, to thereby disable germination thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a steam heat treatment method and system for buried seeds, and more particularly, a buried soil capable of making buried seeds non-germinateable while reducing the energy and water amount required for steam heat treatment of buried seeds. Regarding steam heat treatment method and system of seeds.

Exotic plants such as bur-cucumber that grow on embankments and riverbeds have become a problem, and river managers and others regularly carry out extermination work of exotic plants. Generally, exotic plants are exterminated by performing weeding operations such as cutting and sampling, but if buried seeds remain in the soil, the buried seeds will germinate several months later. The exotic plants will return to the overgrown state again. Therefore, in the past, it was necessary to perform herbicidal work on exotic plants several times a year, which required a lot of time and labor.

Therefore, as a method for efficiently performing herbicidal work, a steam weeding method for performing weeding using steam has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In the steam herbicide method described in Patent Document 1, a steam hose is arranged in the steam herbicide range, the steam herbicide range and the steam hose are covered with a sheet, and a weight is arranged on the upper surface of the sheet so as to surround the steam herbicide range. This forms a herbicide space. Then, steam is supplied to the steam hose, steam is ejected from the steam ejection hole of the steam hose into the weeding space, and the weeding space is filled with steam to perform steam heat treatment of the plant.

This steam herbicide method requires a large amount of energy and water because it is necessary to fill a large herbicide space covered with a sheet with steam. In addition, although this method can necrotize plants on the ground, it is difficult to raise the temperature in the soil where buried seeds are distributed. Therefore, it is difficult to make the buried seeds remaining in the soil ungerminateable.

JP-A-2017-6060

An object of the present invention is to provide a steam heat treatment method and system for buried seeds, which can make the buried seeds non-germinateable while reducing the energy and the amount of water required for the steam heat treatment of the buried seeds. ..

In order to achieve the above object, the steam heat treatment method for buried seeds of the present invention is performed while ejecting steam from the ejection hole of an insertion pipe installed by inserting it into the target range of the ground that has been weeded in advance. By measuring the soil temperature and adjusting the conditions for the steam based on the measured soil temperature, the buried seeds existing in the soil from the ground surface of the target range to a predetermined depth can be obtained. It is characterized in that it is heated at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time set in advance to make it impossible to germinate.

The steam heat treatment system for buried seeds of the present invention includes a steam generator that generates steam, an insertion pipe connected to the steam generator, a steam control unit that controls the steam generator, and the steam control unit. The steam generated by the steam generator is ejected from the ejection hole of the insertion tube installed by inserting it into the target range of the ground that has been weeded in advance. At the same time, the steam control unit adjusts the conditions for the steam based on the soil temperature in the target range measured by the temperature measuring device, so that the steam can be placed in the soil from the ground surface to a predetermined depth in the target range. It is characterized in that the existing buried seeds are heated at a preset predetermined temperature and a predetermined time to make them unable to germinate.

According to the present invention, in a state where the insertion pipe is inserted into the target range of the ground and installed, steam is ejected from the ejection hole of the insertion pipe so as to exist in the soil from the ground surface to a predetermined depth in the target range. The buried seeds can be efficiently steam-heated with a relatively small amount of steam. Furthermore, by measuring the soil temperature in the target range and adjusting the conditions for steam based on the measured soil temperature, the buried seeds are heated at a preset predetermined temperature and a predetermined time. Buried seeds can be disabled to germinate.

It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the situation which performs the steam heat treatment method of this invention from the perspective. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the insertion tube in the state which was inserted and installed in the target area of the ground of FIG. 1 in cross-sectional view. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies each section which divided the target area of the ground into a plurality of sections in the top view. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the insertion tube of the specification to push and insert from the perspective. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the situation which the steam heat treatment method of this invention is performed using the attachment attached to the arm of the hydraulic excavator in the cross-sectional view. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the situation in which the steam heat treatment method of this invention is performed using another attachment attached to the arm of a hydraulic excavator in the cross-sectional view. It is explanatory drawing which schematically exemplifies the embodiment of the steam heat treatment system of this invention from the perspective.

Hereinafter, the steam heat treatment method and the steam heat treatment system for buried seeds of the present invention will be described based on the embodiment shown in the figure.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the steam heat treatment method of the present invention, the steam generator 2, the insertion pipe 4 connected to the steam generator 2, and the temperature measuring device 7 for measuring the temperature in the soil are used. To use. In this embodiment, a connecting pipe 5 connecting the steam generator 2 and the intubation pipe 4 and a pump 10 and a water absorbing pipe 11 connected to the steam generator 2 are further used.

The steam generator 2 generates steam S by heating water W, and supplies the generated steam S to the intubation pipe 4. In the steam generator 2 of this embodiment, the pump 10 and the water absorption pipe 11 absorb water W from a water source around the target range, and heat the absorbed water W to generate steam S. Examples of water sources around the target area include rivers, lakes, ponds, and water and sewage systems. The steam generator 2 is not limited to the configuration of heating the water W of the water source around the target range, and may be configured to heat the water W stored in the water storage unit, for example. The steam generator 2 may be configured to use rainwater, for example.

A connecting pipe 5 is connected to the steam supply port of the steam generator 2. The connecting pipe 5 is branched into a plurality of parts in the middle portion, and a plurality of insertion pipes 4 are connected at regular intervals in the pipe axis direction of each of the branched connecting pipes 5. The connecting pipe 5 is composed of, for example, a combination of a flexible resin hose and metal fittings for connecting the hoses.

As illustrated in FIG. 2, the intubation tube 4 is a bottomed tube, and a plurality of ejection holes 4a are formed on the side surface of the intubation tube 4 at predetermined intervals in the tube axial direction and the circumferential direction of the intubation tube 4. Has been done. The material for forming the intubation tube 4 is not particularly limited, but it is formed of, for example, a resin such as vinyl chloride or a metal. The insertion pipe 4 is inserted and installed up to a predetermined depth D of the ground G, and the steam S supplied from the steam generator 2 is ejected from the respective ejection holes 4a. The predetermined depth D described above is set based on the deepest depth at which the buried seed B of the plant to be exterminated is distributed.

The length of the intubation tube 4 in the longitudinal direction is set based on the predetermined depth D. For example, most of the buried seeds B of Bur-cucumber, which is a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family, are distributed at a depth of about 25 cm from the surface GS, and the buried seeds B of Bur-cucumber exist in a deep range of 40 cm or more from the surface GS. It is extremely unlikely that you are doing so. Therefore, the predetermined depth D and the length of the insertion tube 4 in the longitudinal direction when the bur-cucumber is targeted for extermination are set to, for example, 10 cm or more and 100 cm or less, preferably 25 cm or more and 50 cm or less, and more preferably 30 cm or more and 40 cm or less. .. The outer dimension thickness (outer diameter) of the insertion tube 4 is set to, for example, 10 mm or more and 100 mm or less, and the hole diameter of the ejection hole 4a is set to, for example, 3 mm or more and 30 mm or less.

The number and arrangement of the ejection holes 4a provided in the insertion tube 4 and the hole diameter of each ejection hole 4a are such that the steam S supplied from the steam generator 2 to the insertion tube 4 extends from the ground surface GS to the predetermined depth D, and the insertion tube 4 is provided. It is preferable to set it so that it is ejected uniformly radially around the center. In this embodiment, four ejection holes 4a are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the front, middle, and rear side surfaces of the intubation tube 4, respectively.

In the above, the insertion pipe 4 in the case of targeting the buried seed B of Bur-cucumber was illustrated, but the shape and dimensions of the insertion pipe 4, the number and arrangement of the ejection holes 4a, etc. are the shapes and numerical values exemplified above. It is not limited to the above, and can be appropriately determined according to the plant to be exterminated.

An annular lid member 6 is externally fitted to the connecting portion between the rear end portion of the insertion tube 4 and the connecting tube 5. The lid member 6 is made of, for example, a resin such as rubber.

The temperature measuring device 7 is not particularly limited as long as it can measure the soil temperature in the target range of the ground G. The measurement result of the soil temperature by the temperature measuring device 7 can be confirmed by the operator from the ground. Specifically, for example, a display device that displays the soil temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 7 may be provided in the vicinity of the steam generator 2.

Next, the working procedure of the steam heat treatment method for the buried seed B of the present invention will be described.

The intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 are installed in the target range of the ground G. Specifically, an insertion hole H for installing the insertion pipe 4 is formed in the target range of the ground G. The insertion hole H is formed by, for example, an operator using an earth drill or the like. The depth of the insertion hole H from the ground surface GS may be set to a predetermined depth D, and the hole diameter of the insertion hole H may be set to be several mm larger than the outer dimension of the insertion tube 4. In this embodiment, a plurality of insertion holes H are formed in the target range of the ground G at regular intervals. The distance between the adjacent insertion holes H is set to, for example, about 0.5 m to 1.5 m.

Next, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the insertion tube 4 is inserted into each insertion hole H and installed, and the upper end of the gap between the side surface of the insertion tube 4 installed in the insertion hole H and the inner surface of the insertion hole H is set. It is closed by the lid member 6 arranged on the ground surface GS. Similarly, the temperature measuring device 7 is inserted into the target range of the ground G and installed. The temperature measuring device 7 may be arranged at an intermediate position between the adjacent intubation tubes 4. The insertion depth of the temperature measuring device 7 may be set to a depth at which the soil temperature at a predetermined depth D can be measured. When plants are overgrown on the surface GS of the target range, it is advisable to weed the target range in advance before installing the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7.

Next, the steam generator 2 heats the water W to generate steam S, and the generated steam S is supplied to each insertion pipe 4 inserted in the ground G. The steam generator 2 of this embodiment heats the water W of the water source around the target range absorbed by the pump 10 and the water absorption pipe 11 to generate steam S. The steam S generated by the steam generator 2 is supplied to the respective insertion pipes 4 via the connecting pipe 5, and the steam S is ejected into the soil from the respective ejection holes 4a of the respective insertion pipes 4. As a result, the buried seeds B existing in the soil from the surface GS of the target range to the predetermined depth D are steam-heated. By heating the soil in the target range by the steam S, the temperature in the soil and the temperature of the buried seed B become substantially the same.

During the steam heating, the soil temperature in the target range is measured by the temperature measuring device 7. The worker operates the steam generator 2 so that the soil temperature in the target range becomes a preset predetermined temperature based on the soil temperature in the target range measured by the temperature measuring device 7, and the insertion pipe is used. The conditions for the steam S supplied to 4 are adjusted. If the condition that the soil temperature in the target range becomes a predetermined predetermined temperature is satisfied, the steam S can be supplied to the intubation pipe 4 under a certain condition by the steam generator 2. The above-mentioned conditions for the steam S include, for example, the temperature, flow rate, and pressure of the steam S supplied to the intubation pipe 4, and the timing of supplying the steam S when the steam S is intermittently supplied to the intubation pipe 4. ..

Then, the worker measures the elapsed time during which the soil temperature in the target range is maintained at a predetermined temperature or higher based on the soil temperature in the target range measured by the temperature measuring device 7, and sets the elapsed time in advance. After reaching the predetermined time, the supply of steam S by the steam generator 2 is stopped. As a result, the buried seeds B existing in the soil from the surface GS of the target range to the predetermined depth D are steam-heated at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time to make germination impossible. As described above, the steam heat treatment of the buried seed B is completed.

When steam S is ejected into the soil and steam is heated, the temperature in the soil is about the same as the temperature at which steam S was ejected for a while even after the ejection of steam S is completed. It will be in a state maintained at. Therefore, if the soil temperature in the target range can be maintained at a preset predetermined temperature or higher for a predetermined time or longer, the supply of steam S by the steam generator 2 is stopped in a shorter time than the preset predetermined time. May be good. That is, the predetermined time for maintaining the temperature of the buried seed B (soil temperature) at a predetermined temperature or higher and the supply time of steam S by the steam generator 2 do not necessarily have to match.

The above-mentioned predetermined temperature and predetermined time can be set by conducting an experiment in which the seeds of the plant to be exterminated are steam-heated in advance and specifying the temperature at which the seeds cannot germinate and the condition of the heating time according to the temperature. In the case of Bur-cucumber, a plant of the Cucurbitaceae family, according to the experiments of the inventors of the present invention, when the seeds are heated at 85 ° C. or higher for 5 minutes or longer or at 90 ° C. or higher for 2 minutes or longer, the seeds are almost certainly inactivated. It has been confirmed that the seeds cannot germinate. Therefore, when the bur-cucumber is targeted for extermination, the predetermined temperature is set to, for example, 85 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, and the predetermined time is set to, for example, 1 minute or more and 10 minutes or less, preferably 2 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less. More preferably, it is set to 2 minutes or more and 5 minutes or less. The above-mentioned numerical ranges of the predetermined temperature and the predetermined time exemplify the numerical ranges suitable for the buried seed B of Bur-cucumber, and the predetermined temperature and the predetermined time depend on the characteristics of the plant to be exterminated. It can be decided as appropriate.

After the steam heat treatment is completed, each intubation tube 4 and temperature measuring device 7 are pulled out from the ground G and recovered. When steam heat treatment is performed in another region, the installation positions of the intubation pipe 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 are changed, and the steam heat treatment of the buried seed B is performed in the same procedure as the above-mentioned work procedure.

As described above, according to the present invention, in a state where the insertion pipe 4 is inserted into the target range of the ground G and installed, the steam S is ejected from the ejection hole 4a of the insertion pipe 4 from the ground surface GS of the target range. The buried seed B existing in the soil up to a predetermined depth D can be efficiently steam-heated with a relatively small amount of steam. Further, the soil temperature in the target range is measured, the conditions for the steam S are adjusted based on the measured soil temperature, and the buried seed B is heated at a preset predetermined temperature and a predetermined time. Therefore, the buried seed B can be disabled to germinate. Along with this, the labor required for exterminating plants after the steam heat treatment is completed can be significantly reduced.

A predetermined depth D from the surface GS to be steam-heated is set to 10 cm or more and 100 cm or less, a predetermined temperature for steam-heating the buried seed B is set to 85 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less, and a predetermined time for steam heating at the predetermined temperature. When is set to 1 minute or more and 10 minutes or less, it is possible to make the buried seed B of Arechiuri almost incapable of germination while suppressing the energy and the amount of water required for the steam heat treatment to be small. The predetermined depth D is set to 25 cm or more and 50 cm or less, more preferably 30 cm or more and 40 cm or less, the predetermined temperature is set to 85 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less, and the predetermined time is 2 minutes or more and 10 minutes or less, more preferably 2 minutes or more. If it is set to 5 minutes or less, it is advantageous to make the buried seed B of Bur-cucumber more surely unable to germinate. Furthermore, by setting the value within the above-mentioned numerical range, the energy and the amount of water required for the steam heat treatment can be suppressed to the minimum necessary without excess or deficiency.

If the insertion hole H in which the insertion tube 4 is installed is formed in advance in the target range as in this embodiment, the ejection hole 4a of the insertion tube 4 is installed when the insertion tube 4 is inserted into the ground G and installed. It is advantageous to avoid clogging with earth and sand.

When the steam S is ejected while the upper end of the gap between the side surface of the insertion pipe 4 installed in the insertion hole H and the inner surface of the insertion hole H is closed by the lid member 6 arranged on the ground surface GS, the steam S is ejected from the ejection hole 4a. It is possible to prevent the generated steam S from being discharged directly to the ground from the gap between the side surface of the insertion tube 4 and the inner surface of the insertion hole H. As a result, the loss of the steam S can be reduced and the buried seed B can be steam-heated more efficiently, which is advantageous in reducing the energy and the amount of water required for the steam heat treatment of the buried seed B. The lid member 6 can be arbitrarily provided.

It is possible to provide a water storage unit that stores the water W supplied to the steam generator 2, but if the water W of the water source around the target range is heated to generate steam S, the water storage unit is transported to the work site. Since there is no need to perform work or work to store water in the water storage section, it is possible to reduce the labor of workers.

Organisms such as insects inhabit the ground and soil of the target area. Therefore, it is preferable that the above-mentioned steam heat treatment is performed under conditions where there is a low possibility of killing the organisms living in the target range. Specifically, for example, when steam heat treatment in the soil is performed with the surface GS of the target range open without being covered with a sheet or the like, the organisms existing on the ground are outside the heating area where steam heating is performed. It becomes possible to evacuate. Therefore, it is advantageous to reduce the possibility of killing the organisms living in the target area.

Further, for example, a heating area for performing steam heat treatment and an evacuation area where organisms in the heating area can evacuate are set, and the target range is divided into a plurality of times while changing the positions of the heating area and the evacuation area. Heat treatment is more advantageous in reducing the likelihood of killing organisms inhabiting the area of interest.

Specifically, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the target range is divided into a plurality of compartments A1 to A5 in a top view, and compartments A1, A3, and A5 are designated as heating areas, and between compartments A1 and A3. The first steam heat treatment is performed on the compartment A2 and the compartment A4 between the compartments A3 and A5 as an evacuation area where the organisms in the compartments A1, A3, and A5 can evacuate. Then, after completing the first steam heat treatment, the second steam heat treatment is performed with the compartments A2 and A4 as heating areas and the compartments A1, A3 and A5 as evacuation areas.

Further, for example, the steam heat treatment is sequentially performed from one end side to the other end side of the target range in the order of compartment A1, compartment A2, compartment A3, compartment A4, and compartment A5 at time intervals. Further, for example, the steam heat treatment is sequentially performed at time intervals in the order of compartment A3, compartment A2 and compartment A4, compartment A1 and compartment A5 from the center of the target range to the outside.

The steam heat treatment method of the present invention can also be carried out, for example, by the method illustrated in FIG. In this embodiment, the insertion pipe 4 is pushed into the ground G for insertion. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiments exemplified above.

The insertion tube 4 of this embodiment has a sharp tip 4b. Further, a detachable connector 8 is provided at the rear end of the intubation tube 4. A connection port 8a to which the connecting pipe 5 can be connected is provided on the side portion of the connecting tool 8. A vent that communicates with the connection port 8a is formed in the lower part of the connecting tool 8 to which the upper end portion of the insertion tube 4 is connected. The upper part of the connecting tool 8 has a structure in which a pushing handle 9 used when pushing the connecting pipe 5 into the ground G can be attached and detached. Specifically, an engaging groove 8b is formed in the upper part of the connecting tool 8, and when the engaging portion 9a provided at the lower end portion of the pushing handle 9 is engaged with the engaging groove 8b, the connecting tool 8 is formed. The pushing handle 9 is fixed to 8.

In the case of this embodiment, the connecting tool 8 is connected to the upper part of the intubation tube 4, and the pushing handle 9 is attached to the upper part of the connecting tool 8. Then, the operator inserts the tip 4b of the insertion tube 4 into the target range of the ground G, puts the weight on the pushing handle 9 from above, and pushes the insertion tube 4 into the ground G to insert it. Next, the pushing handle 9 is removed from the connecting tool 8 and the connecting pipe 5 is connected to the connecting port 8a of the connecting tool 8. With the above, the installation of the intubation tube 4 is completed. The work procedure of the subsequent steam heat treatment method is the same as that of the above-described embodiment.

If the insertion tube 4 is pushed into the ground G and inserted as in this embodiment, it is not necessary to form the insertion hole H in the ground G in advance, so that the work time required for installing the insertion tube 4 can be shortened. Will be advantageous. If the push-in handle 9 is detachable on the upper part of the connector 8, a plurality of insertion tubes 4 can be installed with the same push-in handle 9, so that the insertion tube 4 can be installed efficiently with a small number of tools. be able to. If the insertion tube 4 and the connecting tool 8 are separable, maintenance of the insertion tube 4 can be easily performed when the inside of the insertion tube 4 is clogged with earth and sand.

The steam heat treatment method of the present invention can also be carried out, for example, by the method illustrated in FIG.

In this embodiment, an attachment 13 provided with a plurality of insertion tubes 4 and a temperature measuring device 7 is attached to the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20. Further, a water storage unit 12 for storing the water W supplied to the steam generator 2 is provided. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment illustrated in FIG.

The box-shaped base 14 constituting the attachment 13 is detachable from the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20. A plurality of insertion tubes 4 are fixed to the lower portion of the attachment 13 at regular intervals so as to project downward from the lower end surface of the base portion 14. Each intubation tube 4 is detachably connected to the base 14. Each intubation pipe 4 and the steam generator 2 are connected by a connecting pipe 5.

A temperature measuring device 7 is further fixed to the lower portion of the base portion 14 so as to project downward from the lower end surface of the base portion 14. In this embodiment, the soil temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 7 is displayed at a position where the operator of the driver's seat of the hydraulic excavator 20 and the display device 7a arranged near the steam generator 2 can be seen. It is configured to be displayed on each of 7a. In this embodiment, the steam generator 2 and the water storage unit 12 are placed on the ground, but the steam generator 2 and the water storage unit 12 may be mounted on the hydraulic excavator 20.

When the steam heat treatment is performed using the attachment 13 as in this embodiment, the operator attaches the attachment 13 to the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20. Next, the operator operates the hydraulic excavator 20 to move the arm 21 up and down so that the attachment 13 is pressed toward the ground G, and the plurality of insertion tubes 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 are designated on the ground G. Insert to depth D. This completes the installation of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7. The work procedure of the subsequent steam heat treatment method is the same as that of the embodiment exemplified above.

When the attachment 13 that can be attached to the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20 is used as in this embodiment, the installation work of the insertion pipe 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 can be easily performed with a small number of man-hours. Therefore, it is advantageous for shortening the working time and reducing the labor of the worker. If the insertion tube 4 is detachable from the base 14 of the attachment 13, the insertion tube 4 can be easily replaced even if the inside of the insertion tube 4 or the ejection hole 4a is clogged with earth and sand. Maintenance of the attachment 13 becomes easier. If the display device 7a is provided in the vicinity of the steam generator 2 as in this embodiment, workability is improved. Further, if the display device 7a is provided at a position where the operator in the driver's seat of the hydraulic excavator 20 can be seen, workability is improved. In this embodiment, the display device 7a is provided in the vicinity of the steam generator 2 and in the driver's seat of the hydraulic excavator 20, respectively. However, for example, the display device 7a may be provided only in the vicinity of the steam generator 2. The display device 7a can be provided only in the driver's seat of the hydraulic excavator 20.

In this embodiment, the case where the temperature measuring device 7 is provided in the attachment 13 is illustrated, but the attachment 13 may not be provided with the temperature measuring device 7. In that case, for example, the operator installs the temperature measuring device 7 in the target range of the ground G separately from the attachment 13.

The attachment 13 may be configured as illustrated in FIG. 6, for example.

In this embodiment, the steam generator 2 and the water storage unit 12 are mounted on the attachment 13 attached to the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20. Further, the attachment 13 includes a moving mechanism 15 that moves each insertion tube 4 forward and backward in the longitudinal direction of the insertion tube 4 with respect to the base 14, and a temperature measuring device 7 with respect to the base 14 and a length of the temperature measuring device 7. A moving mechanism 16 that moves forward and backward in the direction and a movement control unit 17 that controls the amount of forward and backward movement of the insertion pipe 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 by the moving mechanisms 15 and 16 are mounted. The steam generator 2, the water storage unit 12, the moving mechanisms 15 and 16, and the moving control unit 17 are housed inside the base 14. Further, a scraper 18 for removing earth and sand adhering to the side surfaces of the respective insertion pipes 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 is provided at the lower end portion of the base portion 14. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of the embodiment illustrated in FIG.

As illustrated in FIG. 6, the moving mechanism 15 provided in each insertion tube 4 of this embodiment is composed of a plurality of pulleys that are rotationally driven in a state of being in contact with the side surface of the insertion tube 4. The insertion tube 4 is moved back and forth with respect to the base 14 by rotationally driving the plurality of pulleys. The moving mechanism 16 provided in the temperature measuring device 7 has the same structure and is configured to move the temperature measuring device 7 forward and backward with respect to the base 14.

The movement control unit 17 controls the movement mechanisms 15 and 16 provided on the insertion pipe 4 and the temperature measuring device 7, so that the insertion depth of each insertion tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 from the ground surface GS can be adjusted. The amount of advance / retreat movement of each insertion tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 is controlled so as to be constant. The movement control unit 17 has a grounding measurement mechanism for measuring that the tip 4b of each insertion tube 4 and the tip of the temperature measuring device 7 are in contact with the ground surface GS, and the above-mentioned control is performed by the measurement data of the grounding measurement mechanism. Based on a predetermined depth D set in advance. The ground contact measuring mechanism is composed of, for example, a load cell that measures the resistance force acting on the moving mechanisms 15 and 16 when the tip 4b of the intubation tube 4 and the tip of the temperature measuring device 7 start to be pressed against the ground surface GS. The grounding measurement mechanism can also be configured by, for example, a contact sensor provided at the tip 4b of the intubation tube 4 or the tip of the temperature measuring device 7.

The initial positions of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 before the movement control unit 17 starts controlling the moving mechanisms 15 and 16 are the protrusion lengths of the insertion tube 4 and the base 14 of the temperature measuring device 7 with respect to the lower end surface. Is set to a short state.

In this embodiment, the operator can remotely control the operation of the steam generator 2 by using a terminal device (controller). Further, the movement control unit 17 is instructed to start the control of the movement mechanisms 15 and 16, the instruction to return the respective insertion tubes 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 to the initial positions, and the insertion tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 are inserted. The configuration is such that the operator can remotely control the setting of the predetermined depth D using the terminal device. Further, in this embodiment, the soil temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 7 is displayed on the display screen of the terminal device. In addition, as in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, for example, the soil temperature measured by the temperature measuring device 7 may be displayed on the display device 7a.

When the attachment 13 of this embodiment is used, the operator attaches the attachment 13 to the tip of the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20. Next, the operator operates the hydraulic excavator 20 to move the lower end surface of the base 14 of the attachment 13 to just above the ground surface GS, so that the arm 21 of the hydraulic excavator 20 is stopped at that position.

Next, the operator operates the terminal device to input and set the predetermined depth D to the movement control unit 17, and gives an instruction to the movement control unit 17 to start the control of the movement mechanisms 15 and 16. Then, the movement control unit 17 controls the respective movement mechanisms 15 and 16 to move the respective intubation pipes 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 toward the ground surface GS. Then, when it is measured by the grounding measurement mechanism that the tip 4b of each insertion tube 4 and the tip of the temperature measuring device 7 are grounded to the ground surface GS, the movement control unit 17 individually sets the movement mechanisms 15 and 16 respectively. Under control, each insertion tube 5 and temperature measuring device 7 are moved in the direction of being inserted into the ground by a predetermined advancing / retreating movement amount corresponding to a predetermined depth D set from the grounding position measured by the grounding measuring mechanism. .. As a result, the insertion depths of the respective insertion pipes 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 from the ground surface GS are unified to a predetermined depth D. This completes the installation of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7.

Next, the operator operates the terminal device to start the supply of steam S by the steam generator 2. The work procedure of the subsequent steam heat treatment method is the same as that of the above-described embodiment.

After the steam heat treatment is completed, the operator operates the terminal device to instruct the movement control unit 17 to return the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 to the initial positions. Then, the movement control unit 17 controls the respective movement mechanisms 15 and 16 to move the respective insertion tubes 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 in the direction of accommodating the inside of the base 14, respectively, and the respective insertion tubes 4 and the temperature. The measuring instrument 7 is pulled out from the ground G and returned to the initial position. When the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 return to the initial positions, the scraper 18 provided at the lower end of the base 14 removes the earth and sand adhering to the side surfaces of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7.

When the attachment 13 is equipped with the steam generator 2 and the water storage unit 12 as in this embodiment, the movable range of the hydraulic excavator 20 is not restricted by the connecting pipe 5, so that the steam heat treatment work. It becomes more advantageous to improve the sex. The same effect can be obtained when the steam generator 2 and the water storage unit 12 are mounted on the hydraulic excavator 20.

When the movement mechanisms 15 and 16 are provided on the attachment 13, it is possible to individually adjust the amount of advance / retreat movement of the respective insertion pipes 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 with respect to the base 14 according to the undulations of the ground surface GS on which the attachment 13 faces. become. Therefore, even when the surface GS facing the attachment 13 has a large undulation, the respective insertion pipes 14 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 can be more reliably inserted to a predetermined depth D.

Further, if the movement control unit 17 is provided to automatically control the adjustment of the advancing / retreating movement amount of each intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7, the insertion depth of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring device 7 can be adjusted more accurately. .. Therefore, it is more advantageous to reliably insert each intubation tube 14 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 to a predetermined depth D. Further, since it is not necessary for the operator to adjust the insertion depths of the respective insertion tubes 4 and the temperature measuring device 7, it is more advantageous to shorten the work time and reduce the labor of the operator.

For example, the movement control unit 17 measures the resistance force acting on the movement mechanisms 15 and 16 when the insertion tube 4 is inserted into the ground G, and when the measured resistance force is equal to or higher than a certain level, the resistance force is large. It is also possible to have a configuration in which control is performed to stop the insertion of the insertion tube 4. By doing so, for example, even if there is a stone or the like at the insertion position of the intubation tube 4, it is possible to prevent the intubation tube 4 from being damaged.

When the scraper 18 is provided on the attachment 13, it is possible to prevent the earth and sand adhering to the side surfaces of the intubation tube 4 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 from entering the inside of the base 14, so that the device (moving mechanism 15, the moving mechanism 15) housed inside the base 14 can be prevented. It is advantageous to avoid the failure of (16 etc.).

In this embodiment, the case where the attachment 13 is provided with the temperature measuring device 7 and the moving mechanism 16 is illustrated. However, for example, the temperature measuring device 7 and the moving mechanism 16 are not provided in the attachment 13. 7 can be installed in the target range of the ground G separately from the attachment 13.

The steam heat treatment method of the present invention can also be carried out using the steam heat treatment system 1 as illustrated in FIG.

The steam heat treatment system 1 of the embodiment according to the present invention includes a steam generator 2 that generates steam S, an insertion pipe 4 connected to the steam generator 2, and a steam control unit 3 that controls the steam generator 2. And a temperature measuring device 7 connected to the steam control unit 3 so as to be communicable. The configuration of the steam generator 2, the intubation tube 4, and the temperature measuring device 7 is the same as that of the above-exemplified embodiment. In this embodiment, in addition to the steam generator 2, the insertion pipe 4, the connecting pipe 5, the lid member 6, the temperature measuring device 7, the pump 10, and the water absorbing pipe 11 of the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the steam control unit 3 The steam heat treatment system 1 provided with the above is illustrated.

The steam control unit 3 is communicably connected to the steam generator 2 and the temperature measuring device 7. The steam control unit 3 controls to adjust the conditions for the steam S supplied from the steam generator 2 to the intubation pipe 4 based on the soil temperature in the target range measured by the temperature measuring device 7. The steam control unit 3 can set a predetermined temperature for steam-heating the buried seed B existing in the soil and a predetermined time for continuing steam heating at the predetermined temperature.

Next, the work procedure of the steam heat treatment method using this steam heat treatment system 1 will be described. The work up to the installation of the intubation pipe 5 and the temperature measuring instrument 7 in the target range of the ground G is the same as that of the above-described embodiment. When the steam heat treatment system 1 is used, after the installation work of the insertion pipe 5 and the temperature measuring device 7 is completed, a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time for steam heating the buried seed B are input to the steam control unit 3 and set. Then, the steam control unit 3 is operated to start the control of the steam generator 2. Then, under the control of the steam control unit 3, the steam generator 2 heats the water W to generate the steam S, and supplies the steam S to each intubation pipe 4.

The temperature measuring device 7 sequentially measures the soil temperature in the target range, and sequentially inputs the measurement data of the soil temperature to the steam control unit 3. The steam control unit 3 has a steam generator 2 to an insertion pipe 4 so that the soil temperature in the target range becomes a preset predetermined temperature based on the soil temperature measurement data input from the temperature measuring device 7. The conditions for the steam S supplied to the vehicle are adjusted.

Then, the steam control unit 3 measures the elapsed time during which the soil temperature in the target range is maintained at a predetermined temperature or higher based on the measurement data input from the temperature measuring device 7, and the elapsed time is preset. When the predetermined time is reached, the supply of steam S by the steam generator 2 is stopped. As a result, the buried seeds B existing in the soil from the surface GS of the target range to the predetermined depth D are steam-heated at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time to make germination impossible. As described above, the steam heat treatment of the buried seed B is completed.

When the steam heat treatment system 1 provided with the steam control unit 3 is used as in this embodiment, the adjustment of the conditions for the steam S supplied from the steam generator 2 to the intubation pipe 4 can be automatically controlled, so that the operator It will be advantageous to reduce labor.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7, the steam heat treatment system 1 in which the steam control unit 3 is added to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1 is illustrated. For example, each of the embodiments illustrated in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. It is also possible to make a steam heat treatment system 1 in which a steam control unit 3 is added to the embodiment. In the case of the steam heat treatment system 1 provided with the attachment 13 as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, for example, the steam control unit 3 may be placed on the ground or steam. A steam control unit 3 may be mounted on the generator 2. Further, for example, the steam control unit 3 may be mounted on the hydraulic excavator 20, or the steam control unit 3 may be mounted on the attachment 13 so that the steam control unit 3 can be remotely controlled by a terminal device. You can also.

In the embodiment illustrated above, the case where a plurality of insertion pipes 4 are connected to the steam generator 2 via the connecting pipe 5 is illustrated. For example, one insertion pipe 4 is connected to the steam generator 2. It is also possible to have a configured configuration. Further, for example, the steam generator 2 and the insertion pipe 4 may be directly connected to each other.

We investigated the temperature of steam that inactivates Bur-cucumber seeds and makes them unable to germinate, and the heating time at that temperature. Specifically, an experiment in which a plurality of Bur-cucumber seeds were steam-heated using an laboratory tester was carried out a plurality of times by changing the steam temperature and the condition setting of the heating time according to the temperature. Then, a germination experiment was conducted between the seeds that had been steam-heat-treated under each condition setting and the seeds that had not been steam-heat-treated, and the relationship between the steam heat-treatment condition setting and the seed germination rate was examined. In the germination experiment, a moistened filter paper was laid on a petri dish, multiple seeds were lined up on the filter paper, and the seeds were observed for one week while appropriately supplying water to the filter paper in a constant temperature device (under darkness) kept at 25 ° C. It was.

As a result of conducting the above-mentioned experiment, the average germination rate of seeds not subjected to steam heat treatment was about 70%, and the average germination rate of seeds steam-heated with steam at 70 ° C. for 5 minutes was about 82%. It was. The average germination rate of seeds steam-heated at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes was about 40%, and the average germination rate of seeds steam-heated at 85 ° C. for 5 minutes was 0%. The average germination rate of seeds that had been steam-heated with steam at 90 ° C. for 2 minutes was 0%. From this experimental result, when the seeds of Bur-cucumber are steam-heated with steam of 85 ° C or higher for 5 minutes or longer, or with steam of 90 ° C or higher for 2 minutes or longer, the seeds become inactivated and cannot germinate. I understood.

1 Steam heat treatment system 2 Steam generator 3 Steam control unit 4 Insert pipe 4a Ejection hole 4b Tip 5 Connecting pipe 6 Lid member 7 Temperature measuring instrument 7a Display device 8 Connecting tool 8a Connecting port 8b Engagement groove 9 Pushing handle 9a Joint part 10 Pump 11 Water absorption pipe 12 Water storage part 13 Attachment 14 Base parts 15, 16 Movement mechanism 17 Movement control part 18 Scraper 20 Hydraulic excavator 21 Arm G Ground GS Ground surface B Buried soil seed H Insert hole S Steam W Water

Claims (11)

While ejecting steam from the ejection hole of the insertion pipe installed by inserting it into the target range of the ground, the soil temperature of the target range is measured, and the conditions for the steam are determined based on the measured soil temperature. By adjusting, buried seeds existing in the soil from the ground surface to a predetermined depth in the target range are heated at a predetermined temperature and a predetermined time to make germination impossible. Steam heat treatment method for soil seeds. The method for steam heat treatment of buried seeds according to claim 1, wherein the water of the water source around the target range is heated to generate the steam. The buried soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the predetermined depth is set to 10 cm or more and 100 cm or less, the predetermined temperature is set to 85 ° C. or more and 100 ° C. or less, and the predetermined time is set to 1 minute or more and 10 minutes or less. Steam heat treatment method for seeds. The method for steam heat treatment of buried seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an insertion hole in which the insertion tube is installed is formed in advance in the target range. The filling according to claim 4, wherein the steam is ejected in a state where the upper end of the gap between the side surface of the insertion tube installed in the insertion hole and the inner surface of the insertion hole is closed by a lid member arranged on the ground surface. Steam heat treatment method for soil seeds. The method for steam heat treatment of buried seeds according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the insertion pipe is pushed into the ground and inserted. The steam of buried seeds according to claim 6, wherein an attachment provided with the plurality of insertion tubes is attached to the tip of an arm of a hydraulic excavator, and the plurality of insertion tubes are inserted into the ground by moving the arm up and down. Heat treatment method. An attachment having a plurality of the insertion tubes and a moving mechanism provided in each of the insertion tubes is attached to the tip of the arm of the hydraulic excavator.
The steam heat treatment method for buried seeds according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of the insertion pipes are inserted into the ground by moving each of the insertion pipes forward and backward with respect to the base of the attachment by the movement mechanism. A claim that the movement control unit connected to the movement mechanism controls the amount of advance / retreat movement of each of the insertion tubes by the movement mechanism so that the insertion depth of each of the insertion tubes from the ground surface becomes constant. 8. The method for steam heat treatment of buried seeds according to 8. The steam heat treatment method for buried seeds according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the steam is supplied to the plurality of insertion pipes from the steam generator mounted on the attachment or the hydraulic excavator. A steam generator for generating steam, an insertion tube connected to the steam generator, a steam control unit for controlling the steam generator, and a temperature measuring device communicably connected to the steam control unit are provided. ,
The temperature measuring device measures the steam generated by the steam generator while being ejected from the ejection hole of the insertion pipe installed by inserting it into the target range of the ground that has been weeded in advance. By adjusting the conditions for the steam based on the soil temperature in the target range, the buried seeds existing in the soil from the ground surface to the predetermined depth in the target range are set in advance. A steam heat treatment system for buried seeds, which comprises heating at a temperature and a predetermined time to prevent germination.

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