JP2020163205A - 呼吸器加湿システム - Google Patents
呼吸器加湿システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2020163205A JP2020163205A JP2020108960A JP2020108960A JP2020163205A JP 2020163205 A JP2020163205 A JP 2020163205A JP 2020108960 A JP2020108960 A JP 2020108960A JP 2020108960 A JP2020108960 A JP 2020108960A JP 2020163205 A JP2020163205 A JP 2020163205A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- humidifier
- data
- incubator
- respiratory
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 147
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 152
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000003434 inspiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009739 binding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002730 additional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012377 drug delivery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005111 flow chemistry technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002644 respiratory therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002627 tracheal intubation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
周辺装置はネブライザ又はパルス酸素濃度計であり得る。
少なくとも1つの構成では、第1のシステム部品と第2のシステム部品との間のデータの通信は、第1又は第2のシステム部品の一方のユーザインターフェースが第1又は第2のシステム部品の他方に関するデータを表示又は記録すること(又はそれを制御すること)を可能にする。少なくとも1つの構成では、第1のシステム部品は第2のシステム部品へ接続され、第2のシステム部品に関するデータを取得することができる。次に、第1のシステム部品は同データを第3のシステム部品へ伝達することができ、第3のシステム部品は第3のシステム部品の動作パラメータ又はモードを設定又は確認するために同データを使用することができる。少なくとも1つの構成では、第1のシステム部品は第2のシステム部品へ接続され、第2のシステム部品に関するデータを取得することができる。次に、第1のシステム部品は第3のシステム部品の動作パラメータ又はモードを設定又は確認するために同データを使用することができる。このようなシステムと方法の例が本明細書に開示されるが、本発明のいくつかの特徴、態様、及び利点を限定するのではなく例示することを目的とする。
device)30へ流れる。好適には、呼気圧装置30は呼気管32などの好適な導管により患者インターフェース12へ接続される。呼気圧装置30は、特定システム10、流れ発生器14のタイプ、又は治療プロトコルに依存して任意の好適な構成なものであり得る。例えば、呼気圧装置30は、システム10からの呼気ガスの流出を調節する呼気弁又は呼気ポートであり得る。呼気弁30は、流れ発生器14から離れて配置され得る、又は流れ発生器14に配置され得る、又は流れ発生器と一体にされ得、その場合には、呼気管32は、図1(及び本明細書の他の図面)の破線により示されるような流れ発生器14まで延長することができる。別の構成では、呼気圧装置30は、患者インターフェース12に直接接続又はそれと一体化され得る。
1つのタイプの振動圧力呼気圧装置30は、しばしば気泡管(bubbler)と呼ばれる流体抵抗弁特に液体又は水抵抗弁である。一般的に、水抵抗弁は呼気ガスを、貯水槽内に沈められた排気口へ送出するので、周囲圧又は大気圧により引き起こされるものより大きく、かつ貯水槽内の水の表面に対する排気口の深さに関係する、呼気ガスの流出に対する抵抗を生じる。いくつかの構成では、排気口の深さはPEEPが所望のレベルに調整されるように調整可能である。好適な1つの気泡管は、本出願の譲受人により販売されるBubble CPAP発生器である。好適な気泡管装置のさらなる詳細は、参照により本明細書にその全体を援用する米国特許第6,805,120号明細書に記載されている。
気泡管(又は他の振動加圧装置)は約5〜30Hzの周波数で患者の胸内に振動を生成できることが好ましい。
通常、呼吸回路40は、システム10の部品間に呼吸ガスの流れを送る導管又は管類を少なくとも含む。いくつかのケースでは、呼吸回路はまた、患者インターフェース12及び/又は加湿器20又はその一部(例えば、加湿器チャンバ)を含むことができる。図示の構成では、呼吸回路40は、供給管22、供給管24、及び呼気管32のうちの1つ又は複数を含むことができる。呼吸回路40の管22、24、32は、螺旋巻き補強材などの補強構体により強化されることができる軟質プラスチック材料から構成された蛇管又は管であり得る。呼吸回路40の管22、24、32は、本来いくぶん弾性的であり得、システム10内の圧力変化に応じて管22、24、32は屈曲又は変形(例えば、膨張と収縮)を生じ得る。管22、24、32のこの変形は、呼吸回路40の全容積をシステム圧力に応じて変化させ、呼吸回路40の「コンプライアンス」と呼ばれる。特定の呼吸回路40のコンプライアンスは、呼吸ガスの送出を精密に制御する際に流れ発生器14を支援するために役立つ情報である。これは、システム10の容積の変化を、そうでなければ患者により利用されている呼吸ガスと解釈され得るからである。
したがって、換気装置は、加湿器よりむしろ中央監視システムへ接続される可能性が高い。加湿器が中央監視システムと通信可能だとしても、換気装置に加えて、加湿器に利用可能な接続ポートが存在しないかもしれない。接続ポートが利用可能であってとしても、有線システムでは、換気装置と加湿器の個別接続はシステムから接続ポートへ延長する2本のケーブルをもたらすので、不便となり得る。
換気装置14は供給管22を介し呼吸ガスの流れを加湿器20へ供給する。図示しないが、呼吸ガス源は呼吸ガスを換気装置14へ供給することができる。加湿器20は供給管24を介し加湿呼吸ガスの流れを患者インターフェース12へ提供する。図示しないが、加湿器20は補充目的のために水又は他の流体源へ接続され得る。患者インターフェース12は呼気ガスを呼気管32へ送出する。任意選択的呼気圧装置30は呼気管32により患者インターフェース12へ接続され得る。上に述べたように、指定すれば、呼気圧装置30は換気装置14から離れて配置され得る、又は換気装置14に配置され得る、又は換気装置14と一体化され得、この場合、呼気管32は図8の破線により示されたように換気装置14まで延長することができる。呼吸回路40は、呼気管32と共に供給管22、24を含むことができる。好適には、換気装置14と加湿器20は通信のために通信接続50により互いに電子的に接続される。同様に、加湿器20と呼吸回路40は好適には、通信のために通信接続52により互いに電子的に接続される。
供給管24は単独管であり得る、又はインキュベータ152の外部の管部分とインキュベータ152内の管部分とを有することができる。図示の供給管24は、好適な接続160により加湿器20へ接続される少なくとも1つのセンサ(概して、156)を含む。センサ156は、供給管24内の加湿呼吸ガスの1つ又は複数のパラメータ(例えば、温度及び/又は流量)を検知し、当該情報を加湿器20へ伝達する。加湿器20は、呼吸ガスの温度又は湿度を制御するためにセンサ156からの情報を利用する。センサ156は、インキュベータ152の外側(センサ156a)又はインキュベータの内側(センサ156b)に配置され得る。いくつかの構成では、センサ156a及び156bの両方を設けることができる。
図示しないが、加湿器20は補充目的のために水又は他の流体源へ接続され得る。患者インターフェース12は呼気ガスを呼気管32へ送出する。任意選択的呼気圧装置30は呼気管32により患者インターフェース12へ接続され得る。上に述べたように、指定すれば、呼気圧装置30は換気装置14から離れて配置され得る、又は換気装置14に配置され得る、又は換気装置14と一体化され得、この場合、呼気管32は換気装置14まで延長することができる(図11に示さず)。呼吸回路40は、呼気管32と共に供給管22、24を含むことができる。好適には、換気装置14と加湿器20は通信のために通信接続50により互いに電子的に接続される。同様に、加湿器20と呼吸回路40は好適には、通信のために通信接続52により互いに電子的に接続される。
Claims (18)
- 加湿された呼吸ガスの流れを出力するように構成された加湿器と、
前記加湿器から前記加湿された呼吸ガスの流れを受け取るように構成された呼吸回路と、
使用中において、前記呼吸回路から前記加湿された呼吸ガスの流れを受け取り、前記加湿された呼吸ガスの流れを患者へ送出するように構成された患者インターフェースと、
周辺装置と、
前記周辺装置と前記加湿器との間の電子通信を可能にするように構成された通信接続とを含む呼吸器加湿システム。 - 前記加湿器は前記周辺装置からのデータに基づき前記加湿器の動作パラメータ又はモードを設定する、請求項1に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器はユーザインターフェースを含み、前記加湿器は前記周辺装置からのデータを前記ユーザインターフェース上に表示する、請求項1または2に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器は、ユーザが前記ユーザインターフェースを使用して前記周辺装置の動作パラメータ又はモードを設定できるようにするように構成される、請求項3に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器は、前記周辺装置からのデータを流れ発生器に送信するように構成される、請求項1に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記周辺装置は、流れ発生器と通信するように構成される、請求項1に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記周辺装置は流れ発生器又は温度調節装置を含む、請求項1に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記周辺装置は温度調節装置を含み、前記温度調節装置はインキュベータである、請求項1に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器は前記インキュベータの外側に配置され、
前記患者インターフェースは前記インキュベータ内に配置され、
前記呼吸回路は前記加湿器と前記患者インターフェースとの間に延長する、請求項8に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。 - 前記呼吸回路は、
前記インキュベータの外に配置された第1の部分と、
前記インキュベータ内に配置された第2の部分と、
熱エネルギーを前記第1の部分へ印加するように構成された第1の加熱素子と、
熱エネルギーを前記第2の部分へ印加するように構成された第2の加熱素子と、
加湿された呼吸ガスの流れのパラメータを検知するように構成され、前記第1の部分内に配置されたセンサとを含む、請求項8または9に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。 - 前記加湿器は、前記センサからのデータと前記インキュベータからのデータとを利用して前記第1の加熱素子及び前記第2の加熱素子を制御する、請求項10に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記センサからの前記データは加湿された呼吸ガスの流れの流量と温度のうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項11に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記インキュベータからの前記データは前記インキュベータの現在温度と温度設定点のうちの1つ又は複数を含む、請求項11または12に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記周辺装置はネブライザ又はパルス酸素濃度計である、請求項1〜13のいずれかに記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記ネブライザは、前記加湿器にネブライザデータを送信するように構成される、請求項14に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器は、前記ネブライザの動作を制御するために前記ネブライザに制御信号を送信するように構成される、請求項14または15に記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記加湿器は、前記ネブライザのタイプに基づいて前記加湿器の動作パラメータ又はモードを設定する、請求項2を引用する請求項14〜16のいずれかに記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
- 前記ネブライザデータはアラーム条件を含む、請求項15〜17のいずれかに記載の呼吸器加湿システム。
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CN104411355B (zh) | 2017-11-03 |
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