JP2020146986A - Multi-functional plate and plant cultivation house including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a multi-functional plate that can be used for various purposes, and has excellent heat insulation performance, and a plant cultivation house having the same.SOLUTION: A multi-functional plate A has a tabular base material 11 having heat insulation performance, and a carbon sheet 14 with pressurized expansion graphite, in a laminar manner.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a multifunctional board having various performances such as heat insulation and a house for plant cultivation using the multifunctional board.

In Patent Document 1, as a partition wall of a light-shielding cultivation house, a multifunctional plate material having both light-shielding and heat-insulating properties, which is formed by laminating an aluminum sheet on one surface of a plate-shaped base material made of foam material, can be used. Are listed.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2012-231795

By the way, a carbon sheet can be mentioned as a sheet material having excellent both light-shielding property and heat-insulating property. This carbon sheet has a multi-layered structure in the thickness direction. Since the thermal conductivity is small in the thickness direction, excellent heat insulating properties can be expected as compared with the aluminum sheet. On the other hand, since the thermal conductivity in the surface direction is high, efficient heat transfer can be achieved by using the sheet surface.

Therefore, by combining such a carbon sheet with a material having heat insulating properties, it is possible to combine not only heat insulating properties but also various other performances such as light shielding property and heat transfer property. No such multifunctional plate material has been proposed.

The present invention has been proposed in consideration of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional board material having excellent heat insulating properties and a house for plant cultivation having the same, which can be used for various purposes. It is in.

In order to achieve the above object, the multifunctional plate material of the present invention is characterized in that a plate-like base material having heat insulating properties and a carbon sheet formed by pressing expanded graphite are provided in layers.

Further, the plant cultivation house of the present invention is a plant cultivation house having a partition wall for partitioning the inside and outside of the house. The partition wall is provided with a multifunctional plate material, a plate-like base material is arranged on the outer surface side of the house, and a carbon sheet is provided in the house. The feature is that it is arranged on the indoor side.

Since the multifunctional plate material of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, it can be used for various purposes by taking advantage of other performances such as excellent heat insulating property and light shielding property. In addition, the carbon sheet can also be used by taking advantage of the heat transfer property in the surface direction.

Since the plant cultivation house of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, excellent heat insulating properties and light-shielding properties can be expected. In addition, if the carbon sheet is placed on the indoor surface side, the heat transfer in the surface direction of the carbon sheet is easy, and the high heat insulation of the multifunctional plate material makes it possible to keep the temperature inside the house substantially constant for a short time. Can be done with.

(A) is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view of a multifunctional plate material according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is a partial perspective view showing a usage mode of the multifunctional plate material. (A) is a perspective view of a part of the plant cultivation house according to the embodiment of the present invention. (B) is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view of a partition wall of the plant cultivation house. Each of (a) and (b) is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view showing another example of a partition wall that can be adopted as a partition wall of the same plant cultivation house. It is a perspective view of the house for plant cultivation which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. (A) is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view showing an example of a partition wall that can be adopted in the plant cultivation house. (B) is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view showing another example of a partition wall that can be adopted in the plant cultivation house.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
First, the basic configuration of the multifunctional plate material will be described.

The multifunctional plate material A has a structure in which a plate-shaped base material 11 having heat insulating properties and a carbon sheet 14 formed by pressing expanded graphite are provided in layers.

As the plate-shaped base material 11, a mineral fiber-based heat insulating material such as glass wool is used. Rock wool may be used as the mineral fiber-based heat insulating material. Further, as the plate-shaped base material 11, a wood fiber-based heat insulating material or a foam-based heat insulating material such as urethane foam or styrofoam can be used. Further, the vacuum heat insulating material in which the heat insulating material is coated with the laminated film may be used as the plate-shaped base material 11.

As the carbon sheet 14, for example, a flexible sheet made of a carbon material is used. As the flexible sheet, a material obtained by expanding a crystallized carbon material (expanded graphite) and pressurizing it to form a sheet may be used. The thickness dimension of the flexible sheet is not particularly limited, and a thick one of 0.1 mm to 3 mm or more may be used, or a thin one of about 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm may be used. Good.

The carbon sheet 14 has crystals arranged in the plane direction, and therefore has a high thermal conductivity in the plane direction (direction orthogonal to the thickness direction), while the carbon sheet 14 has a multi-layer structure in the thickness direction, so the thermal conductivity is low. For example, a carbon sheet 14 having a thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of about 3 to 5 W / (m · K) (a thermal conductivity in the plane direction of about 250 to 500 W / (m · K)) may be used.

Since the carbon sheet 14 has a low thermal conductivity in the thickness direction as described above, effective heat insulating measures can be taken by combining it with a plate-shaped base material 11 having heat insulating properties, for example, which is made of the above-mentioned heat insulating material. be able to.

The multifunctional plate material A shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration in which, for example, a plate-shaped base material 11 made of glass wool and a carbon sheet 14 are layered and bonded to each other. In FIG. 1, the plate-like base material A is further opposite to the carbon sheet 14. A glass paper 31 is attached to the surface of the glass wool to prevent the glass wool from scattering. A carbon sheet 14 may be attached instead of the glass paper 31, and the plate-shaped base material 11 may be sandwiched between the carbon sheets 11.

As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the multifunctional plate material A can be used as a heat insulating sheet that is wound around the air conditioning duct 30 and used.

According to this multifunctional plate material A, the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material 11 (glass wool) and the heat insulating property of the carbon sheet 14 can be combined to synergistically produce a heat insulating action. Further, since both the glass wool and the carbon sheet 14 are flexible, they can be effectively used as a heat insulating sheet for winding as in this example.

Further, the multifunctional plate material A made of the plate-shaped base material 11 and the carbon sheet 14 can be used for various other purposes. For example, as a heat insulating measure, it can be used as a heat insulating sheet wrapped around a pipeline or a plate-shaped heat insulating sheet for construction such as a wall, floor, ceiling, or roof base of a house. It is also used as a plate-shaped heat insulating sheet in food factories where high heat insulating properties are required as a measure against humidity caused by dew condensation.

Further, since the mineral fiber-based heat insulating material is nonflammable, it can be used as a nonflammable multifunctional plate material A for various purposes such as construction by combining with the nonflammable carbon sheet 14. Of course, a foam-based heat insulating material that is hard to burn may be used.

Further, since the carbon sheet 14 has a high thermal conductivity in the surface direction, the multifunctional plate material A can be embedded in the road to form a snow melting road. Further, the multifunctional plate material A may be wound around a pipe having thermal conductivity such as a floor heating pipe or a snow melting road pipe.

Further, since the multifunctional plate material A has a light-shielding property, it can also be used in plants cultivation houses 1 and 2 (see FIGS. 2 and 4) that need to block sunlight.

In each of the plant cultivation houses 1 and 2 according to the plurality of embodiments described below, the partition walls 10 that partition the inside and outside of the house are the plate-shaped base materials 11 and 12 and the plate-shaped base materials 11 and 12 on the indoor surface side of the house. It is composed of a multifunctional plate material A provided with a carbon sheet 14 arranged in the above.

The plant cultivation houses 1 and 2 are intended for shading cultivation, and can block sunlight and cultivate plants by artificial lighting means 20.
Hereinafter, each embodiment will be described in sequence.

The plant cultivation house 1 of FIG. 2 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped external shape having a cultivation space 5 inside, and the cultivation space 5 is a partition wall 10 (multifunctional plate material) that partitions the inside and outside of the house such as side walls, ceilings, and doors. The structure is surrounded by A). The partition wall 10 of the plant cultivation house 1 partitions the inside and outside of the house for the purpose of shading, but is not limited to the one that partitions the inside and outside of the house. That is, the partition wall 10 also includes, for example, a partition wall in the case where the plant cultivation house 1 is provided as a light-shielding cultivation area for the purpose of shading in a cultivation house that is not for the purpose of shading.

In the cultivation space 5, trays 21 are arranged in a plurality of stages, and lighting means 20 are arranged corresponding to each tray 21. Examples of the lighting means 20 include LEDs and fluorescent lamps. For example, wasabi can be cultivated in the tray 21 as the cultivation target 23. In addition, various things such as root vegetables, ginseng, and mushrooms are cultivated 23. Further, as a power supply means for the lighting means 20, solar panels 22 are arranged on the upper surface of the roof and the outer surface side of the side wall.

For the partition wall 10 (multifunctional plate material A) in this example, a corrugated cardboard material is used as the plate-shaped base material 11 which is the main material thereof. FIG. 2B is a partially enlarged vertical sectional view of the door and the side wall, and the partition wall 10 includes a corrugated cardboard material 11 arranged on the outer surface side of the house, a bubble wrap 13 including an air layer 13a, and an indoor surface of the house. The carbon sheet 14 arranged on the side is fixed and integrated with each other with an adhesive. In this drawing and drawings of other layer structures, the illustration of the adhesive layer is omitted.

The corrugated cardboard material 11 in this example has a three-layer structure, and has a structure in which a wavy core 11b is arranged between adjacent paper plate materials 11a. In the example shown in the figure, the corrugated cardboard material 11 is used as the partition wall 10 so that the plurality of linear cavities 11c separated by the core 11b and adjacent to each other are oriented sideways (horizontally), but this is not limited to this. The cavity 11c may be arranged so as to be vertically oriented (vertically). Further, in order to prevent water from getting wet, it is desirable to waterproof the outer surface of the corrugated cardboard material 11 or use a plastic corrugated cardboard material.

Various materials are used as the bubble wrap material 13, but it is desirable to use a material having a flat front and back surfaces in consideration of ease of adhesion to the corrugated cardboard material 11 and the carbon sheet 14 in the manufacturing process.

As the carbon sheet 14, for example, a flexible sheet made of a carbon material is used. As the flexible sheet, a material obtained by expanding a crystallized carbon material (expanded graphite) and pressurizing it to form a sheet may be used. The thickness dimension of the flexible sheet is not particularly limited, and a thick one of 0.1 mm to 3 mm or more may be used, or a thin one of about 0.03 mm to 0.1 mm may be used. Good.

As described above, the carbon sheet 14 has crystals arranged in the plane direction, and therefore has high thermal conductivity in the plane direction (direction orthogonal to the thickness direction), while has a multi-layer structure in the thickness direction, so that heat is generated. The conductivity is low. For example, a carbon sheet 14 having a thermal conductivity in the thickness direction of about 3 to 5 W / (m · K) (a thermal conductivity in the plane direction of about 250 to 500 W / (m · K)) may be used.

As described above, since the carbon sheet 14 has a low thermal conductivity in the thickness direction, the heat insulating property of the partition wall 10 can be improved by using the carbon sheet 14 for the partition wall 10. In particular, the partition wall 10 having a layered structure shown in FIG. 2B is arranged so as to overlap the hollow portion 11c of the plate-shaped base material 11 (corrugated cardboard material), the air layer 13a made of the bubble wrap material 13, and the carbon sheet 14. Therefore, the heat insulating property can be further improved. Therefore, regardless of the season, day and night, and region, the influence of the outside air temperature on the cultivation space 5 can be reduced, the efficiency of indoor heating and cooling can be improved, and the temperature of the cultivation space 5 can be easily adjusted. By using this plant cultivation house 1, for example, plants in a warm region (for example, Honshu, Japan) can be cultivated in a region with a high temperature environment (for example, Southeast Asia) or an region with a low temperature environment (for example, Hokkaido).

Further, according to the multifunctional plate material A, since the carbon sheet 14 has good heat transfer in the plane direction, the temperature difference depending on the position in the house can be minimized, and together with the high heat insulating property of the multifunctional plate material A, The room temperature can be made substantially constant in a short time.

Further, since the multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) is configured by using the corrugated cardboard material 11, the plant cultivation house 1 can be manufactured inexpensively and easily. Further, it goes without saying that since the partition wall 10 includes the corrugated cardboard material 11 and the gray or black carbon sheet 14, there is no problem in light-shielding property.

Further, when a thin carbon sheet 14 as described above is used, as shown in the partially enlarged vertical sectional view of FIG. 3A, the paper sheet 18 is bonded as the base sheet of the carbon sheet 14 with an adhesive. You may use the one. Flameproof paper may be used as the paper sheet 18. Flameproof paper is a sheet material that does not burn even if carbonized and does not spread easily, and is composed of, for example, pulp, rayon, a flameproofing agent, and the like. Further, a cloth sheet may be used as the base material sheet instead of the paper sheet 18.

Since the paper sheet 18 is attached to the carbon sheet 14, even a thin carbon sheet 14 is easy to handle and efficient when forming the multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) using the carbon sheet 14. Can be pasted.

When the color transfer carbon sheet 14 is used, the finish sheet 16 may be attached to the surface (the surface on the cultivation space 5 side) to prevent the color transfer.

Further, as shown in the partially enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of FIG. 2B, a multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) in which the activated carbon layer 15 is arranged between the carbon sheet 14 and the finishing sheet 16 may be used. Various types of activated carbon 15a can be used. The activated carbon 15a can be prevented from falling off by being sandwiched between the carbon sheet 14 and the finishing sheet 16.

By arranging the activated carbon 15a inside the partition wall 10 in this way, the odor generated in the cultivation space 5 can be reduced.

The carbon sheet 14 with the paper sheet 18 shown in FIG. 2A may also be used for the partition wall 10 shown in FIG. 3B.

Next, the plant cultivation house 2 according to another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

The plant cultivation house 2 shown in FIG. 4 is an improved version of the cold storage container 3. A container outer shell portion 12 having a high heat insulating property is used for the cold insulation container 3, and a multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) using the container outer shell portion 12 as a plate-like base material is formed. The lighting means 20 arranged in the cultivation space 5 of the plant cultivation house 2 and the solar panel 22 arranged on the outer surface side of the partition wall 10 are the same as those in FIG. 2, and are designated by the same reference numerals. , The description is omitted.

As an example of the partition wall 10 using the container outer shell portion 12, for example, the multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B can be mentioned. The container outer shell portion 12 has a structure in which a heat insulating material 12b is sandwiched between the plate members 12a. Examples of the heat insulating material 12b include those containing a foaming material such as urethane foam.

The multifunctional plate material A (partition wall 10) shown in FIG. 5A is formed by attaching a carbon sheet 14 to a plate material 12a on the inner surface side of a plate-shaped base material 12 (container outer shell portion).

As described above, since the partition wall 10 is formed by including the plate-shaped base material 12 including the heat insulating material 12b and the carbon sheet 14, high heat insulating properties can be expected. Further, by arranging the carbon sheet 14 on the indoor surface side, the indoor temperature can be made substantially constant. Of course, there is no problem with the light blocking effect.

Further, a partition wall 10 in which a bubble wrap 13 (air layer 13a) as shown in FIG. 2 is arranged between the plate material 12a and the carbon sheet 14 may be used, or between the plate material 12a and the carbon sheet 14. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5B, a partition wall 10 provided with an air layer 17a may be used by arranging the thin plate members 17 at intervals. By adding the air layer 17a in this way, the heat insulating property can be further improved.

The cold storage container is not limited to the one having the container outer portion 12 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, and a container having another configuration may be used. Further, a partition wall may be formed by combining various heat insulating materials and a carbon sheet 14 without using a cold storage container.

Further, the carbon sheet 14 with the paper sheet 18 shown in FIG. 3A may be used for the partition wall 10 shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B.

In the above embodiments, the plate-shaped base materials 11 and 12 include those made of corrugated cardboard material 11 and those containing a heat insulating material 12b (container outer shell portion 12 in the above embodiment), but other materials may also be used. Of course, the plate-like base material preferably has a porous structure, but may not have a large heat insulating property by itself. For example, a wooden board may be used as a plate-like base material.

Further, it goes without saying that the various multifunctional plate materials A illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5 can be used not only for the partition walls 10 of the plant cultivation houses 1 and 2 but also for various purposes.

A Multi-functional board material 1, 2 Plant cultivation house 3 Cold insulation container 5 Cultivation space 10 Partition wall 11 Plate-like base material (insulation material, corrugated cardboard material)
11a Paper plate material 11b Core 11c Cavity 12 Plate-shaped base material (container outer shell)
12a Plate material 12b Insulation material 13 Bubble wrap 13a Air layer 14 Carbon sheet 15 Activated carbon layer 15a Activated carbon 16 Finishing sheet 17 Fine plate material 17a Air layer 18 Paper sheet 20 Lighting means 21 Tray 22 Solar panel 23 Cultivation target 30 Air conditioning duct 31 Glass paper

Claims (8)

A multifunctional plate material characterized in that a plate-like base material having heat insulating properties and a carbon sheet formed by pressurizing expanded graphite are provided in layers. In claim 1,
A multifunctional plate material, characterized in that the plate-shaped base material includes a corrugated cardboard material. In claim 1,
A multifunctional plate material, wherein the plate-shaped base material includes a heat insulating material. In any one of claims 1 to 3,
A multifunctional plate material characterized in that an air layer is arranged between the plate-shaped base material and the carbon sheet. In any one of claims 1 to 4,
A multifunctional plate material characterized in that a finishing sheet is arranged on the surface side of the carbon sheet. In claim 5,
A multifunctional plate material characterized in that activated carbon is held between the carbon sheet and the finishing sheet. In a plant cultivation house equipped with a partition that separates the inside and outside of the house
The partition wall includes the multifunctional plate material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, the plate-shaped base material is arranged on the outer surface side of the house, and the carbon sheet is arranged on the inner surface side of the house. A house for plant cultivation that features. In claim 7,
The main body of the house is a cold storage container, and the outer shell of the container is formed by having the plate-shaped base material.

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