JP2020139370A - Formation method of formwork and construction method of structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a formation method of formwork capable of easily forming formwork, and others.SOLUTION: A concrete mat 1 having flexibility and hardening through hydration is wrapped around reinforcing-bars 3 and is disposed, and then water content is provided for the concrete mat 1 to harden the concrete mat 1. Formwork is formed with the hardened concrete mat 1, and concrete 4 is installed to inside thereof to construct a structure 100. The concrete mat 1 has a fiber layer holding cement particles between a water stop layer and a permeable layer.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a method for forming a formwork and a method for constructing a structure.

In the construction work of the structure with reinforced concrete, the formwork is formed before the concrete is placed. The formwork is required to have little deformation during and after the placement of concrete, and a formwork material having relatively high rigidity, for example, plywood or iron plate (metal foam) is used.

In addition, Patent Document 1 describes a mold panel formed by filling a mold with a kneaded product obtained by kneading foam in which cement, water, reinforcing fibers and a foaming agent are preformed, and curing and solidifying the kneaded product. ing. Further, Patent Document 2 describes a mold panel formed by applying a polyester resin or the like to a three-dimensional woven fabric made of glass fiber, impregnating it, and heat-curing it. In addition to having sufficient rigidity, these formwork materials also have excellent functions in terms of heat insulation and waterproofness.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2009-74344 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-91037

However, when such a highly rigid formwork material is used, it takes time and effort to form the formwork. For example, when constructing a structure having a curved surface or a complicated shape, a large number of formwork materials having a shape suitable for the structure are prepared and joined together to be used as a formwork, but a large number of formwork materials can be manufactured. , It takes time and effort to join the formwork materials together.

In addition, it takes a lot of space to store the formwork material, and there is a problem in terms of weight. For example, a large-sized formwork material requires lifting work by a crane when it is transported or installed, and it takes time and effort to form the formwork.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a mold forming method or the like capable of easily forming a mold.

The first invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is a step of installing a mat-like formwork material having flexibility and curing by hydration, and supplying water to the formwork material to provide the formwork. It is a mold forming method characterized by having a step of hardening a material.

In the present invention, by using a mat-like formwork material that has high flexibility and is cured by hydration, the formwork material is easier to handle than the conventional method, and the mold has a curved surface and a complicated shape. The frame can also be easily formed by deforming the formwork material according to the shape. In addition, since the formwork material can be rolled and stored, the formwork storage space at the site can be reduced.

It is desirable that the formwork material has a fiber layer for holding cement particles between the water blocking layer and the water permeable layer.
Sufficient rigidity is obtained in this formwork material by the hydration reaction of cement. Further, since the formwork material can be used as an embedded formwork for the main body structure of the structure, the work of removing the formwork can be omitted and the construction period can be shortened. Further, since the formwork material can be made lightweight, it can be transported and installed manually, and the crane operation related to the transportation and installation of the formwork material can be omitted.

It is desirable that the formwork material has protrusions on its surface.
As a result, when the formwork material is used as the buried formwork to construct the structure, the adhesiveness between the material of the structure and the formwork material can be improved.

The second invention is characterized in that the structure is constructed by filling the inside of the mold including the formwork installed in the formwork forming method of the first invention with a filler. The method.
In the present invention, a solid structure can be constructed by filling the inside of the above-mentioned formwork material or a formwork formed of the formwork material and another formwork material with a filler such as concrete.

A third invention is a method for constructing a structure, which comprises applying a hardening material to a side surface of the formwork material installed in the formwork forming method of the first invention to construct the structure.
In the present invention, the structure can be easily constructed by applying the hardening material to the side surface of the formwork material.

It is also desirable that a reinforcing material is embedded in the structure, and the formwork material is attached to the reinforcing material.
The formwork material can be easily made to stand on its own by attaching it to a reinforcing material such as a reinforcing bar.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a formwork forming method or the like in which a formwork can be easily formed.

The figure which shows the construction method of the structure 100. The figure which shows the concrete mat 1. The figure which shows the construction method of the structure 100'. The figure which shows the reinforcing bar 5. The figure which shows the protrusion 14.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a method of constructing the structure 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. 1 (a) to 1 (d) show each step in the method of constructing the structure 100, the upper figure is a view of the state in the process of constructing the structure 100 from above, and the lower figure is the side of the state. It is a figure seen from the side. This also applies to FIG. 3 described later.

In the present embodiment, the columnar structure 100 is constructed, and first, as shown in FIG. 1A, the reinforcing bars 3 of the structure 100 are arranged in advance. Then, as shown in FIG. 1B, the concrete mat 1 is wound around the reinforcing bar 3 in a tubular shape to form a closed region surrounding the reinforcing bar 3 on a flat surface. The concrete mat 1 is attached to the outside of the reinforcing bar 3 to stand on its own.

The method of wrapping the concrete mat 1 is not particularly limited, and for example, a strip-shaped concrete mat 1 may be wound around the reinforcing bar 3 in a spiral shape, and the widthwise ends of the concrete mat 1 may be wrapped around each other. The method of attaching the concrete mat 1 to the reinforcing bar 3 is also not particularly limited. For example, if a pin (not shown) protruding outward from the reinforcing bar 3 is provided on the reinforcing bar 3 and the concrete mat 1 is pierced into the pin, the concrete mat 1 may be arranged. Installation of the concrete mat 1 becomes easy.

FIG. 2A is a diagram showing a concrete mat 1. The concrete mat 1 is a mat-like formwork material that has flexibility before being supplied with water and is cured by hydration when water is supplied. Such concrete mats 1 include GCCM (Geosynthetic Cementitious Composite Mats) and Flexible Concrete Sheets (for example, Rangesh M. Jajodia, Dr. SG Makarande, Prof. MR Nikhar, “Behavioral Study of Flexible Concrete Sheet”. , International Journal of Design in Civil Engineering, Volume 1 Issue 1, Page 1-6), for example, the product name "Concrete Canvas" of Concrete Canvas and the product name "Concrete Cloth" of Milliken Infrastructure Solutions can be used.

The concrete mat 1 has a three-layer structure having a fiber layer 12 impregnated with cement between the water blocking layer 11 and the water permeable layer 13, as shown in FIG. 2B showing the cross-sectional structure in the thickness direction. ..

The water blocking layer 11 is formed of a resin such as polyvinyl chloride, and the water permeable layer 13 is a layer of cloth-like woven fabric made of synthetic fibers or cotton. The fiber layer 12 is a layer in which fibers such as polyethylene and polypropylene are woven three-dimensionally, and cement particles (cement powder) which are water-hard materials are held in the gaps between the fibers. In the present embodiment, the concrete mat 1 is wound around the reinforcing bar 3 so that the water permeable layer 13 is on the outside.

Since the concrete mat 1 is highly flexible, it can be rolled up and stored as shown in FIG. 2A, and does not take up storage space. In addition, batch-shaped products that have been divided into small pieces can be manually transported and carried to the site and installed, eliminating the need for crane work.

Returning to the description of the construction method of the structure 100. In the present embodiment, next, as shown in FIG. 1C, water is supplied to the concrete mat 1 from the side of the concrete mat 1, the cement particles of the fiber layer 12 are hydrated, and the concrete mat 1 is cured. Let me. The strength of the concrete mat 1 is rapidly developed without extending the construction period, and 24 hours after the supply of water, the strength of 80% of the final strength (about 40 N / mm ² ) is developed. The method of supplying water is not particularly limited.

A formwork made of the concrete mat 1 cured in this way is formed, and concrete 4 (filler) is cast and filled inside the formwork as shown in FIG. 1 (d). As a result, the columnar structure 100 is constructed. The reinforcing bar 3 used for arranging the concrete mat 1 functions as a reinforcing material for the structure 100. Further, the concrete mat 1 is left as a buried formwork and used as a part of the structure 100.

As described above, in the present embodiment, by using the concrete mat 1 which has high flexibility and is hardened by hydration as the formwork material, the formwork material is easier to handle than the conventional method. A formwork having a curved surface or a complicated shape can be easily formed by deforming the concrete mat 1 according to the shape. In the present embodiment, the columnar structure 100 is constructed, but by using the concrete mat 1 as the formwork material, structures having various shapes can be easily constructed, and for example, a wall-shaped structure can be constructed. It is possible. Further, since the concrete mat 1 can be rolled and stored, the formwork storage space at the site can be reduced.

Further, the concrete mat 1 has a fiber layer 12 for holding cement particles between the water blocking layer 11 and the water permeable layer 13, and sufficient rigidity can be obtained by a hydration reaction of cement. Further, since the concrete mat 1 can be used as the buried formwork for the main body structure of the structure 100, the demolding work of the formwork can be omitted and the construction period can be shortened. Further, since the concrete mat 1 can be made lightweight, it can be transported and installed manually, and the crane operation related to the transportation and installation can be omitted.

Further, in the present embodiment, the solid structure 100 can be constructed by filling the inside of the formwork formed by the concrete mat 1 with the concrete 4. A reinforcing bar 3 is embedded in the structure 100 as a reinforcing material, and the concrete mat 1 can be easily made to stand on its own by being attached to the reinforcing bar 3 and arranged. The concrete mat 1 is not limited to the reinforcing bar 3, and can be attached to and arranged on various reinforcing materials such as shaped steel and resin rods embedded in the structure 100.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in consideration of the cover thickness of the reinforcing material such as the reinforcing bar 3, the concrete mat 1 can be attached to the reinforcing material with a spacer (not shown) interposed therebetween. It is also possible to wrap the concrete mat 1 around a temporary pedestal (not shown) instead of the reinforcing material and arrange it, and remove the pedestal after the concrete mat 1 is cured. The reinforcing material may be arranged before filling the concrete 4, but it may not be necessary to arrange the reinforcing material. Alternatively, an installation method such as hanging the concrete mat 1 from above may be considered in some cases.

Further, in the present embodiment, the inside of the concrete mat 1 is filled with ordinary concrete 4 as a filler, but the filler is not limited to this, and improved soil, high-fluidity concrete, gravel, or the like may be used. Further, although cement is used as the hydraulic material in this embodiment, other hydraulic materials such as steel slag may be used instead.

Further, in the present embodiment, the formwork is formed by the concrete mat 1 and the filler is filled inside the formwork. However, the formwork is formed by the concrete mat 1 and another formwork material, and the filler is filled inside the formwork. It may be filled. In any case, the formwork may be configured so as to include the concrete mat 1 and fill the inside with the filler.

Next, another example of the present invention will be described as a second embodiment. The second embodiment will be described as being different from the first embodiment, and the same configurations as those of the first embodiment will be omitted by adding the same reference numerals in figures and the like.

[Second Embodiment]
In the second embodiment, after forming the formwork with the concrete mat 1 by the procedure of FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (c), the hardener 2 is formed on the outside of the concrete mat 1 as shown in FIG. 3 (a). Is applied. A cement-based material such as concrete or cement is used as the hardening material 2, and this is applied to the entire outer peripheral surface of the concrete mat 1. When the hardened material 2 is cured to harden the hardened material 2, the outer shell portion 101 of the structure 100'is constructed by the hardened material 2 and the concrete mat 1.

In the present embodiment, the hardening material 2 is sprayed on the outside of the concrete mat 1 by using the spraying machine a, so that the hardening material 2 is applied by the work on the side of the concrete mat 1. The surface of the hardened material 2 after spraying is, for example, manually iron-finished to make it smooth.

After the hardened material 2 is hardened, the inner portion of the columnar structure 100'is constructed by placing concrete 4 inside the outer shell portion 101 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). In this example, the outer shell portion 101 functions as a formwork when the concrete 4 is cast, and the concrete mat 1 and the hardened material 2 provide higher rigidity and strength as the formwork.

Also in the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained by using the concrete mat 1 for the formwork. Further, by applying the curing material 2 to the outside of the concrete mat 1, higher rigidity and strength can be obtained as a formwork when placing the concrete 4.

As shown in FIG. 4, it is also possible to embed the reinforcing bar 5 as a reinforcing material in the hardening material 2. In this case, it is also possible to arrange the concrete mat 1 independently by assembling the reinforcing bar 5 in advance and attaching the concrete mat 1 inside the reinforcing bar 5. As described above, the reinforcing material embedded in the hardening material 2 is not limited to the reinforcing bar 5.

Further, the hardened material 2 is preferably a highly durable material because it has high strength and high rigidity and is located on the surface of the structure 100'. Concrete or mortar may be used as in the present embodiment, but super It is more preferable to use high-strength fiber reinforced concrete (UFC). Since the hardened material 2 is mixed with steel fibers and has high tensile strength, the amount of the reinforcing bars 3 inside the structure 100'can be reduced or omitted. It is also possible to add a known curing accelerator to the curing material 2 in order to accelerate curing.

Further, in the present embodiment, the curing material 2 is applied by spraying, but the curing material 2 can also be applied by applying the curing material 2 by a plastering method. Further, it is also possible to use an automatic coating device (3D printer) that automatically coats the cured material 2 based on the three-dimensional data of the finished shape of the outer shell portion 101. For iron finishing, it is possible to use an automatic iron finishing device that automatically performs iron finishing based on the same three-dimensional data as described above. By using these devices, it becomes possible to automate the construction of the outer shell portion 101, and the construction of the outer shell portion 101 becomes easy.

Further, in the present embodiment, the concrete 4 is filled inside the outer shell portion 101 made of the concrete mat 1 and the hardened material 2, and the solid structure 100'is constructed, but the filling of the concrete 4 is omitted ( It is also possible to construct a hollow structure (consisting only of the outer shell portion 101), and the concrete mat 1 is attached to the inside of the reinforcing bar 5 and arranged in a tubular shape, for example. Further, when constructing a hollow structure, it is also possible to apply the hardening material 2 to the inside of the concrete mat 1. In this case, by wrapping the concrete mat 1 on the outside of the reinforcing bar 3 and arranging it, the reinforcing bar 3 can be embedded in the hardening material 2 and function as a reinforcing material of the hardening material 2.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, protrusions 14 may be provided on the surface of the concrete mat 1 to improve the integrity with the hardened material 2 which is a material constituting the outer shell portion 101. In the example of FIG. 5, the protrusion 14 is provided on the outside of the concrete mat 1, but a similar protrusion is provided on the inside of the concrete mat 1 to enhance the integrity with the concrete 4 constituting the inner portion of the structure 100'. Is also possible.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modifications or modifications within the scope of the technical idea disclosed in the present application, and these also naturally belong to the technical scope of the present invention. Understood.

1: Concrete mat 2: Hardened material 3, 5: Reinforcing bar 4: Concrete 11: Water blocking layer 12: Fiber layer 13: Water permeable layer 14: Protrusions 100, 100': Structure 101: Outer shell part

Claims (6)

The process of installing a mat-like formwork that has flexibility and cures by hydration,
The process of supplying water to the formwork material and curing the formwork material, and
A formwork forming method characterized by having. The formwork forming method according to claim 1, wherein the formwork material has a fiber layer for holding cement particles between a water blocking layer and a water permeable layer. The mold forming method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the formwork material has protrusions on its surface. A structure characterized in that a structure is constructed by filling the inside of a mold including the mold material installed in the mold forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 with a filler. How to build. A method for constructing a structure, characterized in that the structure is constructed by applying a hardening material to the formwork material installed in the formwork forming method according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A reinforcing material is embedded in the structure.
The method for constructing a structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the formwork material is attached to the reinforcing material and installed.

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