JP2020139354A - Fire resistant type exterior wall structure used for closely bonded type external insulation having vent layer - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a closely bonded vent layer type exterior wall structure with external insulation which comprises a closely bonded vent layer type heat insulation panel having a function of preventing fire spread to a heat insulation material in fire and which has further higher fire spread prevention effect to the heat insulation material than a conventional structure.SOLUTION: An exterior wall structure comprises a concrete exterior wall and a heat insulation composite panel in contact with the concrete exterior wall. The heat insulation composite panel includes a heat insulation layer and a molding plate. The heat insulation layer is in contact with the concrete exterior wall. The molding plate has a plurality of strip grooves with a depth down to the middle in a thickness direction, and an opposite side face to a side in which the plurality of strip grooves are provided is in contact with the insulation layer. The exterior wall structure comprises a water resistant layer, which is in contact with upper faces of the concrete exterior wall and the heat insulation layer and whose tip is positioned at a boundary portion of a plurality of thin wall portions of the molding plate and the plurality of strip grooves. The exterior wall structure comprises a cap piece being in contact with an upper face of at least a part of the water resistant layer and disposed so as to cover an upper face of the molding plate.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to an external heat insulating building made of reinforced concrete, and more specifically, to a fire-resistant outer wall structure used for a close-contact ventilation layer type external heat insulating material capable of preventing the spread of fire to a heat insulating material in the event of a fire.

Reinforced concrete external insulation buildings cover the outside of the concrete skeleton with a heat insulating layer, which can suppress cracks caused by thermal stress caused by sunlight, and the concrete skeleton does not come into contact with air, so concrete is neutralized. It is possible to prevent the corrosion of reinforced concrete, improve the durability of the building, and maintain the temperature environment inside the building, causing dew condensation inside the building. It is evaluated as an energy-saving high-performance building because it is possible to suppress the growth of mold and ticks and it is also excellent in terms of health.

The following four structures can be mentioned as the main external heat insulating structures used in such external heat insulating buildings (Non-Patent Document 1).
(1) Ventilation layer type (Fig. 10 (A))
It is a structure in which a heat insulating layer is stretched on the outer wall (framework), and an exterior material is arranged with a space (ventilation layer) on the outside. Indoor humidity (water vapor) penetrates the heat insulating layer and is discharged from the ventilation layer. Since there are gaps above and below the ventilation layer, it is necessary to thoroughly consider fire prevention when using a plastic heat insulating material as the heat insulating layer. Since a PC plate, a metal panel, or the like is used as the exterior material, the cost is generally high.
(2) Adhesion type (Fig. 10 (B))
The structure is such that a heat insulating layer is stretched on the outer wall (framework) and an exterior material is stretched on the heat insulating layer, and no ventilation layer is provided. If a material with low moisture permeation resistance is not used as the exterior material, internal dew condensation may occur. In addition, since the temperature of the exterior material changes significantly, expansion and contraction, warpage, and joint breakage may occur.
(3) Sealed air layer type (Fig. 10 (C))
It is a structure in which a sealed air layer is provided between the outer wall (framework) and the heat insulating layer, or between the exterior material and the heat insulating layer. When properly constructed, the air layer functions as a heat insulating layer, but when air enters and exits, it becomes a non-insulated state. Further, as with the close contact type, internal dew condensation may occur depending on the exterior material.
(4) Double wall type (Fig. 10 (d))
It is a structure in which a heat insulating layer is stretched on the skeleton, and protective walls such as thick bricks, concrete blocks, and concrete plates are placed on the outside with a space. The space between the heat insulating layer and the protective wall is the ventilation layer. When a heavy material is used as a protective wall, it is necessary to install a foundation to receive the weight and increase the strength of the skeleton.

Among these construction methods, it is said that the ventilation layer type structure (1) is particularly excellent as a structure capable of preventing internal dew condensation on the outer wall structure. In the ventilation layer type structure, since a ventilation layer is provided between the heat insulating layer and the exterior material, water vapor (humidity) from the room is discharged to the outside through the ventilation layer, and the solar heat of the exterior material is used. The effect of temperature rise on the room can be suppressed. The applicant of the present application proposes, for example, the structure described in Patent Document 1 (adhesive ventilation layer type), which incorporates the advantages of the ventilation layer type and the adhesion type using the heat insulation composite panel as the outer heat insulation outer wall structure. are doing.

The applicant of this application proposes the Kasagi described in Patent Document 2 as a Kasagi that can be used in the close contact ventilation layer type structure. In this Kasagi, the air discharged from the ventilation layer tends to collect in the lower part of the inclined piece of the Kasagi (the portion indicated as 4P in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2). When the temperature of the accumulated air rises during a fire, the viscosity of the accumulated air increases, which may hinder the discharge of air from the ventilation layer. As a result, the temperature of the air in the ventilation layer rises, which may reach the ignition temperature of the insulation layer.

By the way, in recent years, in the wake of a fire in a high-rise residential building in the United Kingdom, the fire resistance of an external heat insulating outer wall structure using a plastic heat insulating material has been studied. It is said that it is highly possible that a fire in a high-rise residential building in the United Kingdom caused a flame to invade the ventilation layer provided between the heat insulating material and the exterior material, causing the heat insulating material to spread rapidly. The applicant of this application is also conducting an experiment on the spread of fire to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire in the composite panel structure having an air layer developed in-house.

As a result of the experiment, it was found that the factors causing the fire to spread to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire include the problem of air flow in the ventilation layer and the problem of the structure of the window frame.
With respect to the air flow of the aerated layer, the applicant of this application has already developed a heat insulating panel disclosed in Patent Document 1. In this panel, a molded cement plate having a plurality of compartment ventilation layers (grooves) on the inner surface and a heat insulating layer are provided, and the partition ventilation layer faces the heat insulating layer and the portion between the compartment ventilation layers is in contact with the heat insulating layer. It is a so-called close contact ventilation layer type heat insulating panel in which a ventilation layer is formed by partially adhering a molded cement plate and a heat insulating material. This panel already has a structure that prevents the spread of fire to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire. That is, since this panel is provided with a plurality of compartment ventilation layers having a width smaller than that of the panel before this panel, the inside of each compartment ventilation layer becomes oxygen-deficient at the time of initial combustion of a fire. Even if the heat insulating material ignites, the flame does not easily spread. In addition, since the part between the compartment ventilation layers is in contact with the heat insulation layer, the area where the air and the heat insulation layer are in contact is small (that is, the exposed area of the heat insulation layer is small), and even if a flame enters the compartment ventilation layer in the event of a fire, it is insulated. There are few flames that touch the layers. Further, since the compartment ventilation layer is narrow, the flow velocity of air in the compartment ventilation layer is high, and the cooling effect of air makes it difficult to reach the ignition temperature of the heat insulating layer itself in the event of a fire.

On the other hand, regarding the structure of the window frame, conventionally, in order to maintain the heat insulating property in the window portion by making the heat insulating layer around the window frame continuous, between the window and the wooden frame and the composite panel and the concrete wall, in order from the outside. It is filled with urethane foam and mortar (for example, Patent Document 3). The window frame having this structure is excellent in terms of heat insulating properties, but when the urethane foam on the outside burns during an outdoor fire, the heat may be transferred to the heat insulating layer and the heat insulating material may ignite.

Japanese Patent No. 4053561 Utility Model Registration No. 3153492 Japanese Patent No. 3770494

Hokkaido External Insulation Building Association, "External Insulation Method Handbook", 2003, P.M. 30-39

In view of the above problems, the present invention comprises a close-contact ventilation layer type heat insulating composite panel having a function of preventing the spread of fire to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire, and the effect of preventing the spread of fire to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire is different from that of the conventional structure. It is an object of the present invention to provide an external heat insulating outer wall structure of a close contact ventilation layer type, which is higher in comparison and has a higher degree of freedom in exterior finishing as compared with a conventional external heat insulating outer wall structure.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a fire-resistant exterior wall structure used for close-contact external insulation with a ventilation layer. The outer wall structure includes a concrete outer wall and a heat insulating composite panel in contact with the concrete outer wall. The heat insulating composite panel has a heat insulating layer and a molded plate. The heat insulating layer is arranged in contact with the concrete outer wall. The molded plate has a plurality of grooves having a depth halfway in the thickness direction, and the surface opposite to the side on which the plurality of grooves are provided is in contact with the heat insulating layer. The molded plate may include a plurality of thin-walled portions arranged in the thickness direction of the plurality of grooves, and a plurality of thick-walled portions arranged between the plurality of grooves and the plurality of thin-walled portions. It is preferable to arrange an exterior material such as an exterior base material or an exterior finishing material in contact with the molded plate. The outer wall structure further includes a waterproof layer that is in contact with the concrete outer wall and the upper surface of the heat insulating layer and is arranged so as to be located at a boundary between a plurality of thin-walled portions and a plurality of grooves of the molded plate. The outer wall structure further comprises a cap that is placed in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer and covers the upper surface of the molded plate.

Kasagi has a base that is in contact with the upper surface of at least a part of the waterproof layer, an overhang that extends horizontally from the base without contacting the molding plate above the molding plate, and a falling portion that extends downward from the edge of the overhang. And further, it has a plurality of support members for supporting the overhanging portion, which are arranged between the overhanging portion and the molded plate. In one embodiment, a portion of the heat insulating layer close to the waterproof layer is formed thinner than the other parts of the heat insulating layer, so that a notch is provided in the heat insulating layer, and the notch is filled with a concrete material. By forming in this way, the base of the cap tree can be fixed to the filled concrete material.

The outer wall structure further includes a window portion, and the window portion has a window frame, a parting frame provided outside the window frame, and a wooden frame provided inside the window frame. The space between the window frame and the wooden frame and the heat insulating layer and the concrete outer wall is filled with mortar and urethane foam in order from the window frame side.

In one embodiment, it is preferable that a protrusion protruding downward is provided on the molded plate side of the lower surface of the heat insulating layer. In this case, the lower end of the molded plate and the lower end of the protrusion are arranged at the same height. Further, it is preferable that a fire stop is provided at least on the entire lower surface of the heat insulating layer above the window frame.

The parting frame preferably has a plurality of air holes communicating the outside with the plurality of grooves. The plurality of air holes are provided so that the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes in the arrangement direction of the plurality of grooves is smaller than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves in the arrangement direction. Is preferable.

In the outer wall structure of the present invention, the heat insulating layer is completely sandwiched between the concrete outer wall and the thin and thick parts of the molded plate, and there is no exposed part. Therefore, when a flame invades the ventilation layer in the event of a fire. However, the fire does not spread to the heat insulating layer. Therefore, by using this outer wall structure, it is possible to realize an external heat insulating building having high fire resistance. Further, since the outer wall structure of the present invention has a compartmentalized ventilation layer in contact with the exterior material, it is possible to suppress an increase in humidity and reduce internal dew condensation, and an exterior material having a large moisture permeation resistance can also be used. Brings a variety of exterior wall finishes. Further, in the outer wall structure of the present invention, since the waterproof layer can be applied to the thin portion of the molded plate, the water leakage prevention performance of the building is improved.

It is sectional drawing which shows the fire-corresponding type outer wall structure by one Embodiment of this invention. It is an enlarged vertical sectional view which shows a part of the fire-corresponding type outer wall structure by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the heat insulating composite panel used for the fire-resistant outer wall structure by one Embodiment of this invention. A heat insulating composite panel used for a fire-resistant outer wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, (A) is a cross-sectional view of a state where an exterior material is provided on the heat insulating composite panel, and (B) is a cross-sectional view of a molded plate. It is a figure. In this embodiment, joints are provided between adjacent molded plates. A heat insulating composite panel used for a fire-resistant outer wall structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, (A) is a cross-sectional view of the heat insulating composite panel provided with an exterior material, and (B) is a cross section of a molded plate. It is a top view. In this embodiment, no joints are provided between the adjacent molded plates. It is a front view showing the variety of finishes that can be realized by using the fire-resistant outer wall structure according to the present invention, and (A) is a structure in which a molded plate, an exterior base material and a finishing material are laminated in this order from the left side. (B) is a structure in which a molded plate, an exterior base material, and a finishing material are laminated in this order, and decorative joints are arranged on the finishing material. (C) is a structure in which a vertically stretched exterior finishing material is arranged on the molded plate. The structure (D) is a structure in which a horizontal exterior finishing material is arranged on a molded plate. A cap tree used for a fire-responsive outer wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown, (A) is a perspective view of a part of the cap tree, and (B) is a perspective view of a joint member arranged at a connecting portion of an adjacent cap tree body. FIG. 3C is a perspective view of a support member arranged in the space under the cap tree. It is a vertical cross-sectional view which shows the periphery of the window part of the fire response type outer wall structure by one Embodiment of this invention. The periphery of the window portion in the fire-resistant outer wall structure according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown, (A) is a vertical cross-sectional view of another form, and (B) is a vertical cross-sectional view of yet another form. It is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional external heat insulating outer wall structure, (A) is a ventilation layer type, (B) is a close contact type, (C) is a closed air layer type, and (D) is a double wall type.

(Outline of outer wall structure)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a fire-responsive outer wall structure G (hereinafter referred to as a structure G) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical sectional view showing a part of the structure G in an enlarged manner, and the window portion 8 is not drawn. In the following, the direction parallel to the ground along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 is the width direction, and the direction orthogonal to the width direction along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 is the height direction, the width direction, and the direction orthogonal to the height direction. Is called the thickness direction.

The structure G includes a concrete outer wall 30 of the skeleton 3, a heat insulating composite panel 1 arranged on the outside thereof, and an exterior material 2 arranged on the outside thereof. The heat insulating composite panel 1 has a heat insulating layer 15 and a molded plate 11 which is in contact with the heat insulating layer 15 in the thickness direction. The heat insulating composite panel 1 is arranged so that the concrete outer wall 30 and the heat insulating layer 15 are in contact with each other.

(Insulation composite panel and exterior material)
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of one heat insulating composite panel 1. Further, FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view of a part of the heat insulating composite panel 1 provided with the exterior material 2, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of a part of the molded plate 11. The heat insulating composite panel 1 has a structure in which the molded plate 11 is in contact with the outside of the heat insulating layer 15. The exterior material 2 (exterior base material 21 or exterior finishing material 23) is in contact with the outside of the molded plate 11. One heat insulating layer 15 may have a size of, for example, a thickness of 75 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a height of 2700 mm, but is not limited thereto. The material of the heat insulating material used as the heat insulating layer is not limited, but is preferably one having a higher moisture permeation resistance than the molded plate 11, and a foamed plastic heat insulating material (JIS A9511) is typically used. Be done.

The molded plate 11 has a plurality of grooves 14 extending in the height direction. The plurality of groove 14s have a depth from the surface 11c of the molded plate 11 facing the exterior material 2 to the middle in the thickness direction. A thick portion 13 is arranged between the groove 14, and a thin portion 12 is arranged adjacent to the groove 14 in the thickness direction. That is, the molded plate 11 has a structure in which the thick portion 13 and the groove 14 and the thin portion 12 are alternately arranged in the width direction. The molded plate 11 is arranged so that the surface 11a on the side opposite to the surface 11c provided with the plurality of groove 14s is in contact with the heat insulating layer 15. One molded plate 11 has a size of, for example, a thick portion 13 having a thickness of 26 mm, a width of 490 mm, and a height of 2700 mm, and is, for example, an extruded cement plate having a plurality of grooves 14 having a depth of 13 mm and an opening width of 30 mm. However, the size and material are not limited to these.

The cross-sectional shape of the plurality of grooves 14 is not limited, but as shown in FIG. 4, the grooves 14G at both ends and the grooves 14G on both sides of the central thick portion 13 are the bottom GB. It is preferable that the shape is substantially trapezoidal with the inclined side side GS and the opening GF. It is preferable that the inclined side side GS is configured to face inward at an equal angle (typically 60 degrees) with respect to the bottom side GB on both the left and right sides. By forming a part of the plurality of grooves 14 into the grooves 14G having such a shape, a cross joint (disclosed in Patent Document 1) developed by the applicant of the present application is fitted into the grooves 14G and ventilated. Two composite heat insulating panels 1 adjacent to each other in the height direction can be connected in a form that guarantees the function.

Further, the molded plate 11 and the heat insulating layer 15 of the composite heat insulating panel 1 are not limited, but as shown in FIG. 3, the upper side and one side side of the molded plate 11 correspond to the heat insulating layer 15. It goes inward with respect to the side, the other side of the molded plate 11 projects outward with respect to the corresponding side of the heat insulating layer 15, and the lower side of the molded plate 11 is laminated so as to coincide with the lower side of the heat insulating layer 15. It is preferable to have. The outer heat insulating outer wall structure G covering the building can be formed by arranging the required number of heat insulating composite panels 1 shown in FIG. 4 (A) in the height direction and the width direction. By configuring the positional relationship between the molded plate 11 and the heat insulating layer 15 as described above, it becomes easy to join the adjacent heat insulating composite panels 1.

In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A, vertical joints 441 are provided between the molded plates 11 adjacent to each other in the width direction, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the height direction. A horizontal joint 41 is provided between the adjacent molded plate 11 and the exterior material 2. The vertical joint 411 is formed by making the distance that one side of the molded plate 11 enters from the corresponding side of the heat insulating layer 15 and the distance that the other side of the molded plate 11 protrudes from the corresponding side of the heat insulating layer 15 different. , Can be provided. As shown in FIG. 2, it is preferable that the lateral joint 41 is provided with a ventilation backer 45 that communicates the respective groove 14s of the molded plates 11 adjacent to each other in the height direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the groove 14 communicating from the bottom to the top of the molded plate 11 is a partition ventilation layer 7 through which the air flow 70 passes. The horizontal joint 41 is filled with the sealing material 43.

FIG. 5 shows a heat insulating composite panel 1'according to another embodiment. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of a part of the heat insulating composite panel 1'provided with the exterior material 2, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of a part of the molded plate 11'. The heat insulating composite panel 1'is formed so that the widths of the molded plate 11'and the heat insulating layer 15' are smaller than those of the heat insulating composite panel 1 shown in FIG. The overall length of the molded plate 11'is reduced by shortening the width of the thick portions 13'at both ends. The positional relationship between the molded plate 11'and the heat insulating layer 15' in the heat insulating composite panel 1'can be the same as that of the heat insulating composite panel 1. In FIG. 5, one side of the molded plate 11'is inserted from the corresponding side of the heat insulating layer 15', and the other side of the molded plate 11'is projected from the corresponding side of the heat insulating layer 15'. By making the same, the structure has no vertical joints. When a material that does not expand or contract due to sunlight or warp is used as the exterior material 2, a structure without vertical joints as shown in FIG. 5 can also be adopted.

In the structure G, the plurality of groove 14s closed by the exterior material 2 or the like arranged in contact with the surface 11c of the molded plate 11 function as the partition ventilation layer 7. That is, the partition ventilation layer 7 is arranged in contact with the exterior material 2 and the like. Therefore, in the structure G, the heat insulating layer 15 is completely sandwiched between the concrete outer wall 30 and the thin-walled portion 12 and the thick-walled portion 13 of the molded plate 11, and there is no portion exposed to the partition ventilation layer 7. Therefore, even if a flame invades the compartment ventilation layer 7 at the time of a fire, it is possible to prevent the fire from spreading to the heat insulating layer 15. Further, in the structure G, since the partition ventilation layer 7 is arranged in contact with the exterior material 2, etc., it is possible to suppress the temperature rise and reduce the internal dew condensation, and the exterior material having a large moisture permeation resistance can also be used. it can.

FIG. 6 shows various finishes placed on the outside of the adiabatic composite panel 1. The exterior material 2 is arranged on the surface 11c of the molded plate 11. The exterior material 2 can be the exterior base material 21 and the finishing material 22, or the exterior finishing material 23. FIG. 6A shows that the molded plate 11, the exterior base material 21, and the finishing material 22 are laminated in this order from the left side, and the exterior material base 21 is arranged in contact with the outer surface 11c of the molded plate 11. Then, the finishing material 22 is arranged in contact with the exterior base material 21. The exterior base material 21 is not limited, but typically, a fiber-reinforced cement plate, a fly ash phenol resin plate, or the like can be used. A large wall surface is formed by treating the contact portion of the adjacent exterior base material 21 with a resin mortar or the like and applying a finishing material 22 such as tile, mortar, stone, or paint on the exterior base material 21. Can be done. The exterior base material 21 is preferably stretched on the molded plate 11 after the heat insulating composite panel 1 is attached to the concrete outer wall 30. FIG. 6B has the same configuration as that of FIG. 6A, but has a form in which joints are provided on the finishing material 22 at appropriate intervals to improve the design.

6 (C) and 6 (D) show a form in which an exterior finishing material 23 such as a ceramic siding material or a metal panel is stretched on the outer surface 11c of the molded plate 11. FIG. 6C shows a case where the exterior finishing material 23 is arranged in the vertical direction, and FIG. 6D shows a case where the exterior finishing material 23 is arranged in the horizontal direction. Further, although not shown, the finishing material 22 such as paint may be directly applied to the outer surface 11c of the molded plate 11 and the inner surface of the groove 14.

In the portion of the skeleton 3 corresponding to the foundation 31, as shown in FIG. 2, the structure G has a lower heat insulating layer 311 having the same thickness as the other heat insulating layers 15 and an exterior arranged in contact with the lower heat insulating layer 311. It may have a finishing material 23. By making the lower heat insulating layer 311 the same thickness as the heat insulating layer 15, the skeleton can be uniformly covered, and the air flow 70 can flow into the compartment ventilation layer 7 without using an instrument such as a waist drain. .. The thickness of the exterior finishing material 23 is not limited, but is preferably about the same as the thickness of the thin portion 12 of the molded plate 11. By making the thicknesses of both of them the same, the cross-sectional area of the compartment ventilation layer 7 becomes uniform at the upper end and the lower end of the compartment ventilation layer 7, and the exhaust from the ventilation layer at the time of fire becomes smooth. That is, the ventilation volume of the ventilation layer is determined by the cross-sectional area of the narrowest part of the ventilation layer, the height of the ventilation layer, the flow coefficient of air, the gravity acceleration, the outside air temperature, and the room temperature, and if other conditions are the same, the ventilation layer Since it is determined by the cross-sectional area of the narrowest portion of the partition ventilation layer 7, by ensuring a uniform cross-sectional area from the upper end to the lower end of the partition ventilation layer 7, the exhaust of the partition ventilation layer 7 in the event of a fire will not be delayed.

(Waterproof layer)
As shown in FIG. 2, the structure G further includes a waterproof layer 40 arranged so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the concrete outer wall 30, the upper surface of the heat insulating layer 15, and the upper surface of a part of the molded plate 11. In the structure G according to the present invention, as described above, in the molded plate 11, the surface 11a on the side opposite to the surface 11c where the groove 14 is located is in contact with the heat insulating layer 15, so that the tip of the waterproof layer 40 is formed on the molded plate. It can be arranged so as to be located at or near the boundary 11b between the thin portion 12 of 11 and the groove 14. By arranging the waterproof layer 40 in this way, the joint surface between the molded plate 11 and the heat insulating layer 15 is covered with the waterproof layer 40, so that there is an effect of preventing rainwater or the like from entering the joint surface.

(Kasagi)
The structure G includes a cap tree 5 that is in contact with at least a part of the waterproof layer 40 and is arranged so as to cover the upper surface of the heat insulating composite panel 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the cap tree 5 is composed of a plurality of cap tree main bodies 50 that are continuously arranged in the width direction. 7A and 7B are perspective views of the Kasagi 5, FIG. 7A is a perspective view of a part of the Kasagi 5, and FIG. 5B is a perspective view of the joint member 55 arranged at the connecting portion of the adjacent Kasagi main body 50. FIG. 7C shows a perspective view of the support member 6 arranged in the space under the cap tree 5.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 7, each cap tree main body 50 is continuous with the base portion 5a arranged in contact with the upper surface of at least a part of the waterproof layer 40 and the base portion 5a, and is a molded plate of the heat insulating composite panel 1. Above the 11 and the exterior material 2, it has an overhanging portion 5b that extends horizontally without being in contact with them, and a falling portion 5c that extends downward from the edge portion of the overhanging portion 5b. The base portion 5a and the overhanging portion 5b are collectively referred to as a horizontal plate 51. It is preferable that the lower end edge of the falling portion 5c is provided with a hypotenuse 5d formed obliquely toward the outside. Each of the Kasagi main bodies 50 can have, for example, a length of 2000 mm in the width direction, a length of 140 mm in the thickness direction, and a height of 55 mm of the falling portion 5c. Each of the Kasagi main body 50 can be made of, for example, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc., and is preferably made of steel from the viewpoint of fire resistance, and is made of aluminum or stainless steel from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. However, the present invention is not limited to these.

The Kasagi main body 50 further preferably has a protrusion 54 at a portion where a fixture 56 for fixing the Kasagi main body 50 is arranged. By providing the protrusion 54 and filling the space under the protrusion with a sealing material (not shown), it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering from the portion where the fixture 56 is inserted. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulating layer 15 directly below the cap tree 5 is provided with a notch 16 at a part of the upper end, and the notch 16 is filled with the same concrete material 30a as the concrete outer wall 30, and the fixture 56 is provided. , It is preferable that the concrete material 30a is fixed to the portion.

Between the adjacent Kasagi main bodies 50, the joint member 55 shown in FIG. 7B is preferably arranged between the ends of the two Kasagi main bodies 50. By arranging the joint member 55 below the connecting portion of the adjacent Kasagi main body 50, rainwater can be prevented from entering from the connecting portion of the adjacent Kasagi main body 50, and even if it does, it is received by the joint member 55 and is received on the rooftop floor. It can be discharged to the part. The joint member 55 preferably has the same shape as the Kasagi main body 50, and may have a length of 50 mm in the width direction, for example.

Under the overhanging portion 5b of the cap tree 5, a support member 6 capable of providing a space between the overhanging portion 5b and the upper end of the molding plate 11 and supporting the overhanging portion 5 is arranged. The support member 6 is preferably arranged at a connecting portion where the two caps are adjacent to each other and a central portion in the width direction of the caps 50, but is not limited to these locations. As shown in FIG. 7C, the support member 6 has a horizontal piece 61 and two falling pieces 62 extending downward from both sides of the horizontal piece 61, and the upper surface of the horizontal piece 61 is an overhanging portion. It touches the lower surface of 5b or the joint member 55. One of the falling sides 62 is arranged so as to be in contact with the tip end portion of the waterproof layer 40 located at or near the boundary 11b between the plurality of thin-walled portions 12 and the plurality of groove 14s of the molded plate 11 (FIG. 2). reference). The outer surface of the other falling side 62 is located on substantially the same surface as the outer surface of the molded plate 11 (that is, the surface 11c of the molded plate 11) (see FIG. 2). The support member 6 may have, for example, a length of 70 mm in the width direction of the horizontal piece 61, a length of 14 mm in the thickness direction, and a height of the falling piece of 10 mm. The support member 6 can be made of, for example, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc., and is preferably made of steel from the viewpoint of fire resistance, and is preferably made of aluminum or stainless steel from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. However, it is not limited to these.

The support member 6 is fixed to the thick portion 13 of the molded plate 11 by a fixture (not shown) such as a screw inserted into the fixture insertion hole 64. The support member 60 may be fixed together with the Kasagi main body 50 by using a fixture 57 inserted into the thick portion 13 of the molded plate 11 instead of fixing by the fixture. The support member 60 may be temporarily fixed by adhering the upper surface of the horizontal piece 61 to the lower surface of the joint plate 55 or the Kasagi main body 50 using, for example, double-sided tape. Further, the support member 6 may be used upside down, and the lower surface of the horizontal piece 61 may be adhered to the upper surface of the thick portion 13 of the molded plate 11 by using, for example, double-sided tape.

(About air volume)
As described above, the cap tree 5 is attached above the heat insulating composite panel 1 while maintaining a space between the plurality of groove 14s of the molded plate 11. Further, the tip of the waterproof layer 40 is located at or near the boundary 11b between the plurality of thin-walled portions 12 of the molded plate 11 and the plurality of groove 14s. Therefore, the air 70 rising inside the compartment ventilation layer 7 composed of the plurality of groove 14s passes through the space between the cap tree 5 and the molding plate 11 without interruption after being discharged from the upper end of the compartment ventilation layer 7. It descends between the falling portion 5c of the cap tree 5 and the outer surface of the exterior material 2, and is discharged to the outside. Therefore, in the outer wall structure according to the present invention, the air discharged from the compartment ventilation layer 7 is discharged to the outside without accumulating in the lower part of the cap tree 5, so that the case where the cap tree disclosed in Patent Document 2 is used is used. Unlike, the air discharge from the ventilation layer is not blocked by the accumulated air.

Further, in the structure according to the present invention, the flow of air 70 between the upper end of the molded plate 11 and the cap tree 5 is configured so as not to obstruct the flow of air 70 in the partition ventilation layer 7. That is, in the present invention, the size of the space between the cap tree 5 and the molded plate 11 is such that the vertical cross-sectional area per unit length of the space in the arrangement direction (that is, the width direction) of the plurality of groove 14s is a plurality. It is set to be larger than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves 14 in the arrangement direction of the grooves 14. In one embodiment, the vertical cross-sectional area per unit length of the space between the cap tree 5 and the molded plate 11 can be about 100 cm ² / m, and the cross-sectional area per unit length of the compartment ventilation layer 7 can be set. It can be about 70 cm ² / m. Therefore, the air 70 that enters from the lower end of the compartment ventilation layer 7 and rises inside flows smoothly without stagnation, so that the flow velocity is high, and the heat insulating layer 15 that is in direct contact with the air inside the compartment ventilation layer 7 is the compartment ventilation. It is cooled by the air in the layer 7 and does not reach the ignition temperature.

(Window)
Next, the window portion 8 included in the structure G will be described. FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the window portion 8 of the structure G and its peripheral portion. In FIG. 8, a part of the intermediate portion (opening portion of the window) is omitted. The window portion 8 may have a window frame 80, parting frames 81a and 81b provided on the outside of the window frame 80, and a wooden frame 82 provided on the inside of the window frame 80. The window frame 80 and the parting frames 81a and 81b are preferably those having high fire resistance, and are typically made of aluminum. The space between the window frame 80 and the wooden frame 82, the heat insulating layer 15 and the concrete outer wall 30 is filled with mortar 801 and urethane foam 802 in this order from the side of the parting frame 81. Contrary to the structure of Patent Document 3, in this structure, the hard-to-burn mortar 801 is arranged on the outside and the easily combustible urethane foam 802 is arranged on the inside, so that the fire spreads to the heat insulating layer 15 in the event of an outdoor fire. The possibility of doing so can be reduced.

The window frame 80 is connected to the concrete outer wall 30 via the support steel bar 803, but since the mortar 801 is filled on the side of the parting frame 81, the support steel bar 803 is embedded in the mortar 801. Therefore, it is possible to prevent corrosion of the support steel bar 803 and improve the durability of the window.

When forming the window portion 8, it is preferable to use a waste frame 821 (see FIG. 9) in order to surely fill the mortar 801. Usually, the filling of the mortar 801 and the urethane foam 802 is performed after the wooden frame 82 is attached to the window frame 80. However, unlike the case where urethane foam and mortar are filled in this order from the side of the parting frame 81 as in Patent Document 3, when the mortar 801 is filled after the wooden frame 82 having a long depth is attached, the filling of the mortar 801 is performed. Insufficient and unevenness may occur. Therefore, it is preferable to attach a short-depth waste frame 821 to the window frame 80 (see FIG. 9), fill the mortar 801, remove the waste frame 821 after the mortar 801 has solidified, and attach the wooden frame 82.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9A, a protrusion 152 projecting downward is provided on the molded plate 11 side of the lower surface of the heat insulating layer 15, and the lower end of the molded plate 11 is a protrusion 152. It is preferably formed so as to be located at the same height as the lower end. With such a configuration, the filling amount of the sealing material 431 can be made uniform, the poor adhesion between the heat insulating layer 15 and the parting frame 81a can be prevented, and the waterproof property can be improved.

In still another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9B, it is preferable that the L-shaped fire stop 153 is provided so as to be in contact with at least the entire lower surface of the heat insulating layer 15 above the window frame 80. The L-shaped fire stop 153 is preferably made of a material having a high melting point temperature, preferably made of steel, for example, but is not limited thereto. By providing the L-shaped fire stop 153, it is possible to reduce the possibility of fire spreading or melting of the heat insulating layer 15 even when a flame enters from the air hole 811a1 provided in the parting frame 81a in the event of a fire. It is preferable to arrange a backer 442 between the L-shaped fire stop 153 and the sealing material 431. Molded plate

The parting frame 81 of the window portion 8 has a plurality of air holes 811 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the upper parting frame 81a has a plurality of air holes 811a1 communicating with the plurality of groove 14s at the upper portion, and a plurality of air holes 811a2 communicating with the outside at the lower portion. The external air enters the plurality of grooves 14 from the plurality of air holes 811a2 through the plurality of air holes 811a1 and rises as an air flow 70. The total area of the plurality of air holes 811a1 is preferably the same as or smaller than the total area of the plurality of air holes 811a2. With this configuration, the amount of air flowing into the compartment ventilation layer 7 through the air holes 811a1 can be prevented from being hindered by the air holes 811a2.

The lower parting frame 81b has a plurality of air holes 811b1 communicating with the plurality of groove 14s and a plurality of air holes 811b2 communicating with the outside. The air flow 70 that has risen inside the plurality of grooves 14 is discharged to the outside from the plurality of air holes 811b1 through the plurality of air holes 811b2. The total area of the plurality of air holes 811b1 is preferably the same as or smaller than the total area of the plurality of air holes 811b2. With this configuration, the amount of air discharged from the compartment ventilation layer 7 through the air hole 811b1 can be prevented from being hindered by the air hole 811b2.

In the plurality of air holes 811a1, the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes 811a1 in the arrangement direction (that is, the width direction) of the plurality of grooves 14 is the unit length of the plurality of grooves 14 in the arrangement direction. It is preferable that the area is smaller than the cross-sectional area. With this configuration, the amount of air entering from the air holes 811a1 in the event of a fire is less than the amount of air required for combustion inside the plurality of grooves 14, so that combustion of the heat insulating layer 15 is less likely to occur. it can.

1 Insulation composite panel 11 Molded plate 12 Thin-walled part 13 Thick-walled part 14, 14G groove 15 Insulation layer 152 Insulation layer protrusion 153 Fire stop 16 Notch 2, 24 Exterior material 21 Exterior base material 22 Finishing material 23 Exterior finishing material 3 Frame 30 Concrete outer wall 30a Concrete material 31 Foundation 311 Lower heat insulation layer 40 Waterproof layer 5 Kasagi 5a Base 5b Overhang 5c Standing part 5d Oblique piece 50 Kasagi body 51 Water plate 54 Protrusion 55 Joint member 56 Fixture 6 Support member 61 Horizontal piece 62 Falling piece 64 Fixture insertion hole 7 Section Ventilation layer 70 Rising air flow 8 Window part 80 Window frame 801 Mortar 802 Urethane foam 803 Support bar steel 81a, 81b Parting frame 811a, 811b Air hole 82 Wooden frame 821 Waste material

Claims (9)

An outer wall structure used for close contact type external insulation having a ventilation layer.
A concrete outer wall, a heat insulating layer in contact with the concrete outer wall, a molded plate in contact with the heat insulating layer, an exterior material in contact with the molded plate, and a waterproof layer in contact with the concrete outer wall, the heat insulating layer, and the upper surface of the molded plate. Prepare,
The molded plate has a plurality of grooves having a depth halfway in the thickness direction, and a surface opposite to the side provided with the plurality of grooves is in contact with the heat insulating layer.
Outer wall structure. The molded plate includes a plurality of thin-walled portions arranged in the thickness direction of the plurality of grooves, and a plurality of thick-walled portions arranged between the plurality of grooves and the plurality of thin-walled portions. Item 1. The outer wall structure according to item 1. The outer wall structure according to claim 2, wherein the waterproof layer is arranged so that its tip is located at or near the boundary between the plurality of thin-walled portions of the molded plate and the plurality of grooves. A cap tree that is in contact with the upper surface of at least a part of the waterproof layer and covers the upper surface of the molded plate is further provided.
The Kasagi
A base of the waterproof layer in contact with the upper surface of at least a part thereof,
Above the molded plate, an overhanging portion extending from the base without contacting the molded plate,
A falling portion extending downward from the edge of the overhanging portion,
It has a plurality of supporting members for supporting the overhanging portion, which are arranged between the overhanging portion and the molded plate.
The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A notch is provided in the heat insulating layer by forming a portion of the heat insulating layer close to the waterproof layer thinner than the other parts of the heat insulating layer.
The notch is filled with concrete material and
The outer wall structure according to claim 4, wherein the cap tree has a base fixed to the filled concrete material. A window portion having a window frame, a parting frame provided on the outside of the window frame, and a wooden frame provided on the inside of the window frame is further provided.
The space between the window frame and the wooden frame and the heat insulating layer and the concrete skeleton is filled with mortar and urethane foam in order from the side of the parting frame.
The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The outer wall structure according to claim 6, wherein a protrusion protruding downward is provided on the lower surface of the heat insulating layer on the molded plate side, and the lower end of the molded plate and the lower end of the protrusion are located at the same height. .. The outer wall structure according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a fire stop is provided so as to contact at least the entire lower surface of the heat insulating layer above the window frame. The parting frame has a plurality of air holes communicating with the outside and the plurality of grooves.
In the plurality of air holes, the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes in the arrangement direction of the plurality of grooves is smaller than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves in the arrangement direction. Is provided in
The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

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