JP7174995B2 - A fire-resistant outer wall structure used for close-fitting external insulation having a ventilation layer, and a coping used in the fire-resistant outer wall structure - Google Patents

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an externally insulated building made of reinforced concrete, and more specifically, to an externally insulated outer wall structure of a coherent ventilation layer type capable of preventing the spread of fire to heat insulating materials in the event of a fire.

Reinforced concrete externally insulated buildings cover the outside of the concrete frame with a heat insulating layer, so cracks caused by heat stress due to solar radiation can be suppressed, and since the concrete frame does not come into contact with the air, the concrete is neutralized. can be suppressed, it is possible to prevent corrosion of reinforcing steel bars, improve the durability of the building, furthermore, it is possible to maintain the temperature environment inside the building and prevent the occurrence of condensation inside the building. Since it is possible to suppress the generation of mold and mites, it is also excellent in terms of health, so it is evaluated as an energy-saving high-performance building.

The following four construction methods can be mentioned as main external insulation construction methods used for such external insulation buildings (Non-Patent Document 1).
(1) Dry adhesion method (Fig. 9(A))
In this construction method, a heat-insulating composite panel that integrates an exterior base material and a heat-insulating layer is stretched on the outer wall (framework).
(2) Wet adhesion method (Fig. 9(B))
This is a construction method in which a heat insulating layer is stretched on the outer wall (framework) and a thin wall coating is applied to the heat insulating layer.
(3) Ventilation layer construction method (Fig. 9(C))
This is a construction method in which a heat insulating layer is stretched on the outer wall (framework), and an exterior base material or exterior material is arranged with a space on the outside. A space between the heat insulating layer and the exterior base material or the exterior material serves as a ventilation layer.
(4) Double wall construction method (Fig. 9(d))
This is a construction method in which a heat insulating layer is laid on the frame, and an outer wall made of thick bricks, concrete blocks, concrete plates, etc. is placed with a space on the outside. The space between the heat insulation layer and the outer wall becomes the ventilation layer.

Among these construction methods, the ventilation layer construction method (3) is said to be particularly excellent as a construction method capable of preventing internal dew condensation in the outer wall structure. In the ventilation layer method, since a ventilation layer is provided between the heat insulation layer and the exterior base material or exterior material, water vapor (humidity) from the room is discharged to the outside through the ventilation layer, and the exterior base material Alternatively, it is possible to suppress the influence on the interior of the room of the temperature rise due to the solar heat of the exterior material. The applicant of the present application has proposed, for example, the structure described in Patent Document 1 as an external heat insulating wall structure that can be used in the ventilation layer construction method. In such a ventilation layer construction method, a special coping that corresponds to the thick outer wall structure including the heat insulating material and the ventilation layer is required, and fire prevention measures are also required.

The applicant of the present application has proposed the headboard described in Patent Document 2 as a headboard that can be used in the ventilation layer construction method. In this coping, the air discharged from the ventilation layer tends to accumulate below the inclined piece of the coping (the portion labeled 4P in FIG. 1 of Patent Document 2). When the temperature of the accumulated air rises during a fire, the viscosity of the accumulated air increases, which may hinder the discharge of the air from the ventilation layer. As a result, the temperature of the air in the ventilation layer rises and can reach the ignition temperature of the insulation layer.

By the way, in recent years, with the fire of a high-rise residential building in the UK as a trigger, the fire resistance of the outer wall insulation structure has been investigated. It is highly likely that the fire in the high-rise residential building in the UK was caused by the flame penetrating the ventilation layer provided between the insulation material and the exterior material, causing the insulation material to spread rapidly. The applicant of the present application also conducted an experiment on the spread of fire to the heat insulating material in the event of a fire in a composite panel structure having an air layer developed by the applicant.

As a result of the experiment, it was found that the factors that spread the fire to the heat insulating material include the problem of the air flow in the ventilation layer and the problem of the structure of the window frame.
Regarding the airflow of the ventilation layer, the applicant of the present application has already developed an insulating panel disclosed in US Pat. This panel consists of a molded cement board with a plurality of partitioned ventilation layers (grooves) on the inner surface and a heat insulation layer, with the partitioned ventilation layer facing the insulation layer and the portion between the partitioned ventilation layers in contact with the insulation layer. It is a so-called close contact ventilation layer type heat insulation panel in which a ventilation layer is provided while the exterior material and the heat insulation material are partially in close contact with each other. This panel already has a structure that makes it difficult for fire to spread to the insulating material in the event of a fire. In other words, this panel has a plurality of section ventilation layers that are narrower than the ventilation layers of the panels before this panel. Even if the insulation catches fire, the flame does not easily spread. In addition, since the portion between the partitioned ventilation layers is in contact with the heat insulating layer, the contact area between the air and the heat insulating layer is small, and even if the flame enters the partitioned ventilation layer during a fire, the flame does not touch the heat insulating layer. Furthermore, since the partitioned ventilation layer is narrow, the flow velocity of the air in the partitioned ventilation layer is high, and due to the cooling effect of the air, it is difficult to reach the ignition temperature of the heat insulating layer itself in the event of a fire.

On the other hand, regarding the structure of the window frame, conventionally, in order to maintain the heat insulation in the window by continuing the heat insulation layer around the window frame, the windows and wooden frames, the composite panel and the concrete wall are sequentially placed from the outside. It is filled with urethane foam and mortar (for example, Patent Document 3). A window frame with this structure is excellent in terms of heat insulation, but if the urethane foam on the outside burns in the event of an outdoor fire, the heat is transferred to the heat insulation layer, and there is a risk that the heat insulation material will catch fire.

Japanese Patent No. 4053561 Utility Model Registration No. 3153492 Japanese Patent No. 3770494

Hokkaido External Thermal Insulation Building Association, "External Thermal Insulation Method Handbook", 2003, p. 30-39

In view of the problems in the background art described above, the present invention provides a close-fitting ventilation layer type heat insulating composite panel having a function of preventing fire from spreading to heat insulating materials in the event of a fire, and a coping that can be used for such heat insulating composite panel. It is an object of the present invention to provide an external heat-insulating outer wall structure of a close-fitting ventilation layer type, which is more effective in preventing the spread of fire to a heat-insulating material in the event of a fire than conventional structures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a coping that can be used in a close-fitting air-permeable layer-type external heat-insulating outer wall structure.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In one aspect, the present invention provides a fire resistant exterior wall structure for use in close-fitting exterior insulation having a ventilation layer. The exterior wall structure comprises a concrete exterior wall and an insulating composite panel in contact with the concrete exterior wall. The insulating composite panel has an insulating layer, an exterior substrate, and an exterior material. The thermal insulation layer is placed in contact with the concrete outer wall. The exterior base material has a plurality of vertical grooves arranged to face the heat insulating layer, and portions between the plurality of grooves are in contact with the heat insulating layer. The exterior material is in contact with the exterior base material. The outer wall structure further includes a waterproof layer that is in contact with the concrete outer wall and the upper surface of the heat insulating layer and whose tip is located on the same plane as the surface of the heat insulating layer. The exterior wall structure further includes a coping that is in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer and is arranged to cover the upper surfaces of the exterior base material and the exterior material.

The coping includes a base portion in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer, an overhang extending horizontally from the base above the exterior base material without being in contact with the exterior base material, and a standing portion extending downward from the edge of the overhang. and a plurality of support members arranged between the overhang and the exterior base material for supporting the overhang.

In one embodiment, the headboard may have a plurality of headboard bodies each having a base, an overhang, and a downfall. The width of the space between the top rail and the exterior base material is the cross-sectional area per unit length of the space in the direction in which the grooves are aligned, and the cross-sectional area per unit length in the direction in which the grooves are aligned. It is preferably configured to be larger. Also, by forming a portion of the heat insulating layer closer to the waterproof layer thinner than the other portions of the heat insulating layer, a notch is provided in the heat insulating layer, and the notch is filled with the concrete material. Advantageously, by forming in this way, the base of the coping can be fixed to the filled concrete material.

In one embodiment, the outer wall structure has a lower heat insulating layer that is in contact with the foundation and is thinner than the other heat insulating layers, and the exterior material is in contact with the lower heat insulating layer. The surface of the exterior material and the surface of another heat insulating layer located above it are flush with each other. In another embodiment, the exterior wall structure is such that the lower insulation layer in contact with the foundation is formed with the same thickness as the other insulation layers, and the exterior material is in contact with the lower insulation layer. Therefore, the surface of the exterior material protrudes from the surface of the other heat insulating layer located above it. A drain is provided on the upper part of the exterior material, and a sealing material having a triangular longitudinal section provided in contact with the heat insulating layer is provided on the upper part of the drain.

The exterior wall structure further comprises a window, which has a window frame, a parting frame provided outside the window frame, and a wooden frame provided inside the window frame. The space between the window frame and wooden frame and the heat insulating layer and concrete outer wall is filled with mortar and urethane foam in order from the window frame side.

In one embodiment, the insulating layer in contact with the mortar is preferably a skinned insulating layer. In addition, it is preferable that a projection protruding downward is provided on the exterior base material side of the lower surface of the heat insulating layer or the heat insulating layer with a skin. In this case, the lower end of the exterior base material and the lower end of the protrusion are arranged at the same height. Furthermore, it is preferred that at least the entire lower surface of the insulating layer or skinned insulating layer above the window frame is provided with a fire stop.

The parting frame preferably has a plurality of air holes that communicate the outside with the plurality of grooves. The plurality of air holes are provided so that the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes in the alignment direction of the plurality of grooves is smaller than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves in the alignment direction. is preferred.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a coping for use in an exterior wall structure of dry-bonded external insulation having a ventilation layer. The coping is in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer, and is arranged so as to cover the upper surfaces of the exterior base material and the exterior material. The coping includes a base portion in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer, an overhang extending horizontally from the base above the exterior base material without being in contact with the exterior base material, and a standing portion extending downward from the edge of the overhang. and a plurality of support members arranged between the overhang and the exterior base material for supporting the overhang.

In the exterior wall structure of the present invention, the air exiting the ventilation layer of the heat-insulating composite panel is discharged without remaining on the lower surface of the coping, so that the flow of air exiting the ventilation layer is not hindered. In addition, since the size of the space between the lower surface of the coping and the upper edge of the heat insulating composite panel is determined in consideration of the size of the ventilation layer of the heat insulating composite panel, the air rising inside the ventilation layer will not be stagnant. It flows smoothly and the flow speed is fast. Furthermore, the windows are filled with mortar and urethane foam in this order. Therefore, the outer wall structure according to the present invention prevents the spread of fire to the heat insulating layer even when flames enter the ventilation layer in the event of a fire. can be done.

1 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a fire resistant exterior wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of a fire resistant exterior wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 shows a heat insulating composite panel used in a fire resistant exterior wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is a cross-sectional view and (B) is a cross-sectional view of an exterior substrate. 1 shows a coping used in a fire-resistant outer wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a partial perspective view, (B) is a perspective view of a joint member arranged at a connecting portion of an adjacent coping main body, (C) is a perspective view of a support member arranged in the space under the coping. FIG. 2 is a top view showing the relationship between other parts and the coping in the fire-resistant outer wall structure according to one embodiment of the present invention, where (A) is the connection part of the adjacent coping main body, and (B) is the central part of the coping main body. be. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the vicinity of a window portion of a fire-resistant outer wall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. Fig. 10 shows an example of the vicinity of a window part in a fire-resistant outer wall structure according to another embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a longitudinal sectional view of another example, and (B) is a longitudinal sectional view of still another example. FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the lower end of the composite insulation panel and the foundation in the fire resistant exterior wall structure according to yet another embodiment of the present invention; It is a vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional external heat insulation wall structure, (A) is a dry adhesion construction method, (B) is a wet adhesion construction method, (C) is a ventilation layer construction method, and (D) is a double wall construction method.

(Outline of outer wall structure)
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional perspective view showing a fire-resistant outer wall structure G (hereinafter referred to as structure G) according to one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view showing an enlarged part of the structure G, and the window 8 is not drawn. In the following, the direction parallel to the ground along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 is the width direction, the direction perpendicular to the width direction along the outer surface of the exterior material 2 is the height direction, and the direction perpendicular to the width direction and the height direction is called the thickness direction.

The structure G comprises a concrete outer wall 30 of the building frame 3 and an insulating composite panel 1 arranged outside thereof. The heat-insulating composite panel 1 has a heat-insulating layer 15, an exterior base material 11 in contact with the heat-insulating layer 15 in the thickness direction, and an exterior material 2 in contact with the exterior base material 11 in the thickness direction. The heat insulating composite panel 1 is arranged so that the concrete outer wall 30 and the heat insulating layer 15 are in contact with each other.

The structure G further comprises a waterproof layer 40 arranged so as to be in contact with the upper surfaces of the concrete outer wall 30 and the heat insulating layer 15 . The tip of the waterproof layer 40 is arranged substantially on the same plane as the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 15 (the surface in contact with the exterior base material 11). The structure G further comprises a coping 5 that contacts at least part of the waterproof layer 40 and is arranged to cover the upper surface of the thermal insulation composite panel 1 . Structure G further comprises a window 8 .

(Insulation composite panel)
In the structure G, the heat insulating composite panel 1 having the same configuration as that disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, can be used. The heat insulating composite panel 1 disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described below. 3 shows the structure of the heat-insulating composite panel 1, FIG. 3(A) is a cross-sectional view of part of the heat-insulating composite panel 1, and FIG. 3(B) is a cross-sectional view of part of the exterior base material 11. is. The heat insulating composite panel 1 has a structure in which the exterior base material 11 is in contact with the outside of the heat insulating layer 15 and the exterior material 2 is in contact with the outside of the exterior base material 11 . The heat insulating layer 15 can be formed, for example, by arranging a required number of heat insulating materials having a thickness of 75 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a height of 2700 mm in the height direction and the width direction. The material of the heat insulating material is not limited, but a foamed plastic heat insulating material (JIS A9511) is typically used.

The exterior base material 11 has a plurality of grooves 14 extending in the height direction, thick portions 13 are arranged between the grooves 14, and thin portions 12 are arranged in the thickness direction of the grooves 14. be done. That is, the exterior base material 11 has a structure in which thick portions 13, grooves 14, and thin portions 12 are alternately arranged in the width direction. The thick portion 13 is in contact with the heat insulating layer 15 . The exterior base material 11 has a size of, for example, a thickness of 26 mm, a width of 490 mm, and a height of 2,700 mm. And the required number of sheets are arranged in the width direction. Exterior material 2 is typically, but not limited to, exterior tiles, stone, paint finish, or the like.

Vertical joints 42 and 421 are provided between the exterior base materials 11 and the exterior materials 2 adjacent in the width direction, and horizontal joints 41 are provided between the exterior foundation materials 11 and the exterior materials 2 adjacent in the height direction. be provided. It is preferable that ventilation backers 45 are arranged in the horizontal joints 41 so that the grooves 14 of the exterior base materials 11 adjacent in the height direction communicate with each other. The grooves 14 communicating from the bottom to the top of the exterior base material 11 form the compartment ventilation layer 7 through which the air flow 70 passes, as shown in FIG. The vertical joints 42 and 421 and the horizontal joint 41 are filled with a sealing material 43 .

In the part corresponding to the foundation 31 of the frame 3, as shown in FIG. The exterior material 21 can be provided. With this configuration, the surface of the exterior material 21 and the surface of the other heat insulating layer 15 positioned above it are positioned on the same plane. Therefore, the sectional area of the ventilation layer 7 becomes uniform between the upper end and the lower end of the ventilation layer 7, and exhaust from the ventilation layer becomes smooth in the event of a fire. In other words, the ventilation rate of the ventilation layer is determined by the cross-sectional area of the narrowest part of the ventilation layer, the height of the ventilation layer, the air flow coefficient, the acceleration of gravity, the outside air temperature, and the room temperature. Therefore, by securing a uniform cross-sectional area from the top end to the bottom end of the compartmental ventilation layer 7, exhaust of the compartmental ventilation layer 7 does not stop at the time of fire.

Another embodiment of the portion corresponding to base 31 is shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the structure G has a lower heat insulating layer 311 formed with the same thickness as the upper heat insulating layer 15, and an exterior material 21 disposed in contact with the lower heat insulating layer 311 in the thickness direction. can be A drainer 312 is provided on the exterior material 21 , and a sealing material 313 having a triangular longitudinal section is arranged on the upper part of the drainer 312 in contact with the heat insulating layer 311 . By using the sealing material 313 having a triangular longitudinal section, the inflow of the air 70 into the compartment ventilation layer 7 can be made smooth. In addition, by placing the sealing material 313 on the upper part of the drainer 312, the melting heat of the drainer in the event of a fire can be reduced and dispersed in the air. Therefore, the melting of the heat insulating layer 15 can be minimized.

(Kasagi)
The structure G comprises a coping 5 that is in contact with at least a part of the waterproof layer 40 and is arranged to cover the top surface of the heat insulating composite panel 1 above. The top rail 5, as shown in FIG. 1, is composed of a plurality of top rail bodies 50 arranged continuously in the width direction.

4 is a perspective view of the top rail 5, FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a part of the top rail 5, and FIG. FIG. 4(C) shows a perspective view of the support member 6 arranged in the space below the coping 5. FIG. FIG. 5 is a top view showing the relationship between the concrete outer wall 30 and the upper end of the heat insulating composite panel 1, the waterproof layer 40, and the coping 5. FIG. That is, the connection portion), and FIG. In FIG. 5(A), the left figure of the three figures separated by two oblique lines shows the positional relationship between the waterproof layer 40 and the heat insulating composite panel 1, and the middle figure shows the waterproof layer 40, the coping 5, the joint The positional relationship between the member 55 and the support member 6 is shown, and the right figure shows the positional relationship between the concrete outer wall 30 and the heat insulating composite panel 1 . In FIG. 5B, the left figure shows the positional relationship between the waterproof layer 40 and the heat insulating composite panel 1, the middle figure shows the positional relationship between the concrete outer wall 30, the heat insulating composite panel 1 and the support member 6, and the right figure shows the waterproof The positional relationship of layer 40, coping 5, support member 6 and insulating composite panel 1 is shown.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, each coping body 50 has a base portion 5a disposed in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer 40, and is continuous with the base portion 5a to provide partition ventilation for the heat insulating composite panel 1. Above the layer 7, the exterior base material 11, and the exterior material 2, it has an overhanging portion 5b that extends horizontally without contacting them, and a falling portion 5c that extends downward from the edge of the overhanging portion 5b. A combination of the base portion 5a and the projecting portion 5b is also referred to as a horizontal plate 51 . It is preferable that the lower edge of the falling portion 5c is provided with an oblique side 5d that is obliquely formed toward the outside. Each of the top rail bodies 50 can have, for example, a widthwise length of 2000 mm, a thicknesswise length of 140 mm, and a height of the falling portion 5c of 55 mm. Each of the top rail bodies 50 can be made of, for example, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. Steel is preferable from the viewpoint of fire resistance, and aluminum or stainless steel is preferable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. are preferred, but not limited to these.

Preferably, the top rail body 50 further has projections 54 at portions where fixtures 56 for fixing the top rail body 50 are arranged. By providing the projecting portion 54 and filling the space under this with a sealing material (not shown), it is possible to prevent rainwater from entering from the portion where the fixture 56 is inserted. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat insulation layer 15 immediately below the coping 5 is provided with a notch 16 in a part of the upper end, the notch 16 is filled with the same concrete material 30a as the concrete outer wall 30, and the fixture 56 is , is preferably fixed to the portion of the concrete material 30a.

A joint member 55 shown in FIG. 4(B) is preferably arranged between the adjacent top rail bodies 50 across the ends of the two top rail bodies 50 as shown in FIG. 5(A). By arranging the joint member 55 below the connecting part of the adjacent coping main bodies 50, the infiltration of rainwater from the connecting part of the adjacent coping main bodies 50 is prevented, and even if it does enter, it is received by the joint member 55 and is received on the roof floor. It can be discharged to the department. The joint member 55 preferably has the same shape as the top rail body 50, and can have a length of 50 mm in the width direction, for example.

A support member 6 is arranged under the projecting portion 5b of the coping 5 to provide a space between it and the upper end of the exterior base material 11 and to support the projecting portion 5. As shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the support member 6 is preferably arranged at the connecting portion where the two top rail bodies 50 are adjacent to each other and at the center portion in the width direction of the top rail bodies 50, but is limited to these locations. not a thing As shown in FIG. 4C, the support member 6 has a horizontal piece 61 and two falling pieces 62 extending downward from both sides of the horizontal piece 61. 5 b or the lower surface of the joint member 55 . One falling side 62 is arranged so as to come into contact with the tip of the waterproof layer 40 located on the same surface as the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 15 (see FIGS. 2 and 5). The outer surface of the other falling side 62 is located on substantially the same plane as the outer surface of the exterior base material 11 (see FIGS. 2 and 5). The support member 6 can have, for example, a horizontal piece 61 with a widthwise length of 70 mm, a thicknesswise length of 28 mm, and a falling piece with a height of 10 mm. The support member 6 can be made of, for example, steel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. Steel is preferable from the viewpoint of fire resistance, and aluminum or stainless steel is preferable from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance. However, it is not limited to these.

The support member 6 is fixed to the thick portion 13 of the exterior base material 11 by a fastener 63 such as a screw inserted into the fastener insertion hole 64 . The support member 60 may be fixed together with the top rail main body 50 using a fixture 57 inserted into the thick portion 13 of the exterior base material 11 instead of fixing with the fixture 63 . The support member 60 may be temporarily fixed by bonding the upper surface of the horizontal piece 61 to the joint plate 55 or the lower surface of the top rail body 50 using, for example, double-sided tape. Alternatively, the support member 6 may be used upside down, and the lower surface of the horizontal piece 61 may be adhered to the upper surface of the thick portion 13 of the exterior base material 11 using, for example, double-sided tape.

(About ventilation volume)
As described above, the top rail 5 is attached above the heat insulating composite panel 1 while maintaining a space between it and the plurality of grooves 14 of the exterior base material 11 . Moreover, the tip of the waterproof layer 40 is located on the same plane as the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 15 of the heat insulating composite panel 1 . Therefore, the air 70 rising inside the division ventilation layer 7 made up of the plurality of grooves 14 is discharged from the upper end of the division ventilation layer 7, and then smoothly passes through the space between the coping 5 and the exterior base material 11. , descends between the falling portion 5c of the coping 5 and the outer surface of the exterior material 2, and is discharged to the outside. Therefore, in the outer wall structure according to the present invention, the air discharged from the partitioning ventilation layer 7 is discharged to the outside without accumulating in the lower part of the top rail 5. Unlike , the discharge of air from the ventilation layer is not hindered by accumulated air.

In addition, the structure according to the present invention is configured so that the flow of air 70 between the upper end of the exterior base material 11 and the top rail 5 does not hinder the flow of air 70 in the partition ventilation layer 7 . That is, in the present invention, the width of the space between the coping 5 and the exterior base material 11 is defined by the cross-sectional area per unit length of the space in the direction in which the plurality of grooves 14 are arranged (that is, the width direction). It is set to be larger than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves 14 in the direction in which the plurality of grooves 14 are arranged. In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area per unit length of the space between the coping 5 and the exterior base material 11 can be about 100 m ² /m, and the cross-sectional area per unit length of the compartment ventilation layer 7 can be about 70 m ² /m. Therefore, the air 70 entering from the lower end of the partitioned ventilation layer 7 and rising inside flows smoothly without being blocked, so the flow velocity is high, and the heat insulating layer 15 that is in direct contact with the air inside the partitioned ventilation layer 7 is effective for the partitioned ventilation. It is cooled by the air in layer 7 and does not reach the ignition temperature.

(window)
Next, the window part 8 provided in the structure G will be described. FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the window part 8 of the structure G and its peripheral part. In FIG. 6, a part of the intermediate portion (opening portion of the window) is omitted. The window part 8 can have a window frame 80 , parting frames 81 a and 81 b provided outside the window frame 80 , and a wooden frame 82 provided inside the window frame 80 . The window frame 80 and parting frames 81a, 81b are preferably highly fire resistant and are typically made of aluminum. A space between the window frame 80 and the wooden frame 82 and the heat insulating layer 15 and the concrete outer wall 30 is filled with mortar 801 and urethane foam 802 in order from the parting frame 81 side. Contrary to the structure of Patent Document 3, this structure has hard-to-burn mortar 801 arranged on the outside and easy-to-burn urethane foam 802 arranged on the inside. can reduce the likelihood of

The window frame 80 is connected to the concrete outer wall 30 via the supporting steel bars 803, but since the parting frame 81 side is filled with the mortar 801, the supporting steel bars 803 are embedded in the mortar 801, Therefore, it is possible to prevent corrosion of the supporting steel bar 803 and improve the durability of the window.

When forming the window portion 8, it is preferable to use a waste frame 821 (see FIG. 7) in order to ensure the filling of the mortar 801. As shown in FIG. Generally, the mortar 801 and the urethane foam 802 are filled after the wooden frame 82 is attached to the window frame 80 . However, unlike the case in which urethane foam and mortar are filled in this order from the parting frame 81 side as in Patent Document 3, when the mortar 801 is filled after the wooden frame 82 having a long depth is attached, the mortar 801 is not filled. Insufficient and unevenness may occur. Therefore, it is preferable to attach a short-depth waste frame 821 to the window frame 80 (FIG. 7), fill the window with mortar 801, remove the waste frame 821 after the mortar 801 has hardened, and attach the wooden frame 82.

As shown in FIG. 6, the heat insulating layer 15 is preferably a heat insulating layer 151 with a skin on the portion in contact with the mortar 801 . The skinned heat insulating layer 151 is obtained by providing a high-density and highly smooth layer on the surface of the heat insulating material 15 . By using the heat insulating layer 151 with the skin, the sealing material 431 filled between the parting frames 81a, 81b and the heat insulating layer 151 can be improved in adhesion to the heat insulating layer 151. 7 can be effectively prevented from entering from between the heat insulating layer 151 and the sealing material 431 .

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7A, a projection 152 protruding downward is provided on the lower surface of the heat insulating layer 15 (or the heat insulating layer 151 with a skin) on the side of the exterior base material 11 and , the lower end of the exterior base material 11 is preferably positioned at the same height as the lower end of the projection 152 . With this configuration, the filling amount of the sealing material 431 can be made uniform to prevent poor adhesion between the heat insulating layer 15 and the parting frame 81a, thereby improving waterproofness.

In yet another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7(B), the L-shaped fire is placed in contact with at least the entire lower surface of the insulation layer 15 (or skinned insulation layer 151) above the window frame 80. A stop 153 is preferably provided. The L-shaped fire stop 153 is preferably made of a material with a high melting point temperature, such as, but not limited to, steel. By providing the L-shaped fire stop 153, even if a fire enters from the air holes 811a1 provided in the parting frame 81a, the heat insulating layer 15 (or the heat insulating layer 151 with skin) does not spread or melt. can reduce the probability. The L-shaped fire stop 153 preferably has backers 442 on the inner portions of the corners of the L. By having the backer 442, the lower end of the exterior base material 11 and the lower end of the backer 442 are arranged at substantially the same height, so that the filling amount of the sealing material 431 can be made uniform.

The parting frame 81 of the window portion 8 has a plurality of air holes 811 as shown in FIG. Specifically, the upper parting frame 81a has a plurality of air holes 811a1 communicating with the plurality of grooves 14 in its upper part, and a plurality of air holes 811a2 communicating with the outside in its lower part. Outside air enters the plurality of grooves 14 through the plurality of air holes 811 a 2 and the plurality of air holes 811 a 1 and rises as the air flow 70 . The total area of the plurality of air holes 811a1 is preferably equal to or smaller than the total area of the plurality of air holes 811a2. With this configuration, the amount of air that flows into the partitioning ventilation layer 7 through the air holes 811a1 can be prevented from being hindered by the air holes 811a2.

The lower parting frame 81b has a plurality of air holes 811b1 communicating with the plurality of grooves 14 and a plurality of air holes 811b2 communicating with the outside. The airflow 70 rising inside the plurality of grooves 14 is discharged to the outside through the plurality of air holes 811b1 and the plurality of air holes 811b2. The total area of the plurality of air holes 811b1 is preferably equal to or smaller than the total area of the plurality of air holes 811b2. With this configuration, the amount of air discharged from the partition ventilation layer 7 through the air holes 811b1 can be prevented from being hindered by the air holes 811b2.

In the plurality of air holes 811a1, the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes 811a1 in the direction in which the plurality of grooves 14 are arranged (that is, the width direction) is equal to the area per unit length of the plurality of grooves 14 in the direction in which the plurality of grooves 14 are arranged. It is preferably provided so as to be smaller than the cross-sectional area. With this configuration, the amount of air entering from the air holes 811a1 in the event of a fire is less than the amount of air required for combustion inside the plurality of grooves 14, so combustion of the heat insulating layer 15 is less likely to occur. can.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 heat-insulating composite panel 11 exterior base material 12 thin-walled portion 13 thick-walled portion 14 groove 15 heat-insulating layer 151 heat-insulating layer with skin 152 projection of heat-insulating layer 153 fire stop 16 notch 2, 21 exterior material 3 skeleton 30 concrete outer wall 30a concrete Material 31 Foundation 311 Lower heat insulating layer 312 Drainer 313 Sealing material 4 Waterproof 40 Waterproof layer 5 Top rail 5a Base 5b Overhang 5c Falling portion 5d Inclined piece 50 Top rail body 51 Horizontal plate 54 Protrusion 55 Joint member 56 Fixture 6 Support member 61 Horizontal piece 62 Falling piece 63 Fixing tool 64 Fixing tool insertion hole 7 Section ventilation layer 70 Rising air flow 8 Window part 80 Window frame 801 Mortar 802 Urethane foam 803 Support steel bar 81a, 81b Parting frame 811a, 811b Air hole 82 Wooden frame 821 Scrap wood

Claims (12)

An outer wall structure used for close-fitting external heat insulation having a ventilation layer,
concrete wall and
a heat insulating layer in contact with the concrete outer wall;
an exterior base material having a plurality of grooves arranged opposite to the heat insulating layer, and a portion between the plurality of grooves being in contact with the heat insulating layer;
an exterior material in contact with the exterior base material;
a waterproof layer in contact with the concrete outer wall and the upper surface of the heat insulating layer, the tip of which is located on the same plane as the surface of the heat insulating layer;
A window portion having a window frame and a wooden frame provided inside the window frame,
The space between the window frame and the wooden frame and the heat insulation layer and the concrete outer wall is filled with mortar and urethane foam in order from the exterior base material side.
exterior wall structure. further comprising a coping that is in contact with the upper surface of at least a portion of the waterproof layer and covers the upper surface of the exterior base material and the exterior material;
The Kasagi is
a base in contact with the upper surface of the at least part of the waterproof layer;
an overhang extending horizontally from the base above the exterior base material without being in contact with the exterior base material;
a falling portion extending downward from the edge of the overhang;
a plurality of support members arranged between the overhanging portion and the exterior base material for supporting the overhanging portion;
The outer wall structure according to claim 1. The width of the space between the top rail and the exterior base material is the cross-sectional area per unit length of the space in the direction in which the plurality of grooves are arranged, and the unit length of the plurality of grooves in the direction in which the grooves are arranged. configured to be larger than the cross-sectional area per
The outer wall structure according to claim 2. A cutout portion is provided in the heat insulating layer by forming a portion of the heat insulating layer near the waterproof layer thinner than other portions of the heat insulating layer,
The notch is filled with a concrete material,
The outer wall structure according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the base of the coping is fixed to the filled concrete material. The lower heat insulating layer in contact with the foundation is formed thinner than the other heat insulating layers, the exterior material is in contact with the lower heat insulating layer, and the surface of the exterior material and the surface of the other heat insulating layer located above it are the same. on the surface,
The outer wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4. A lower heat insulating layer in contact with the foundation is formed with the same thickness as the other heat insulating layers, and the exterior material is in contact with the lower heat insulating layer,
Any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a drain provided on the upper part of the exterior material, and a sealing material having a triangular longitudinal section provided in contact with the heat insulating layer on the upper part of the drain. The outer wall structure according to item 1. The exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat insulating layer in contact with the mortar is a heat insulating layer with a skin. A protrusion protruding downward is provided on the lower surface of the heat insulating layer on the exterior base material side, and a lower end of the exterior base material and a lower end of the protrusion are positioned at the same height. Exterior wall structure according to any one of items 6 to 6. 8. A protrusion protruding downward is provided on a lower surface of the heat insulating layer with skin on the side of the exterior base material, and a lower end of the exterior base material and a lower end of the protrusion are positioned at the same height. The outer wall structure described in . 7. An exterior wall structure according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a fire stop is provided to contact the entire underside of the insulating layer at least above the window frame. 8. The exterior wall structure of claim 7, wherein a fire stop is provided to contact at least the entire lower surface of the skinned insulation layer. The window portion includes a parting frame having a plurality of air holes communicating between the outside and the plurality of grooves on the outside of the window frame,
The plurality of air holes are arranged such that the area per unit length of the plurality of air holes in the direction in which the plurality of grooves are arranged is smaller than the cross-sectional area per unit length of the plurality of grooves in the direction in which the plurality of grooves are arranged. is located in the
An exterior wall structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images