JP2004278224A

JP2004278224A - Wall surface construction assembly, decorative plate, decorative plate fixing member, joint member and wall surface construction method

Info

Publication number: JP2004278224A
Application number: JP2003074005A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Hiroshi Kurosawa; 博黒澤; Keisuke Hasegawa; 敬介長谷川
Original assignee: HERIKKUSU KK
Current assignee: HERIKKUSU KK
Priority date: 2003-03-18
Filing date: 2003-03-18
Publication date: 2004-10-07

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall surface construction assembly for easily and suitably suiting a finish surface of a decorative plate, easy in construction of a joint part, stably fixing the decorative plate to a wall surface, and easily and quickly allow construction. <P>SOLUTION: This wall surface construction assembly is provided for covering the wall surface with a plurality of decorative plates. This wall surface construction assembly has the plurality of decorative plates 1 having a substantially rectangular shape, and a decorative plate fixing member 100 for setting the direction for continuously arranging the plurality of decorative plates 1 in the longitudinal direction. This decorative plate fixing member 100 is characterized by having a base part 4 installed on the wall surface 9, a fixing part 3 formed on the other side of the base part 4, and fixing the decorative plate 1 by hooking at least one side on a locking object part of the decorative plate 1, and a decorative plate pushing-up mechanism 5 arranged in the base part 4, and nipping and fixing the decorative plate 1 between the mechanism and the fixing part by pushing up the reverse of the decorative plate 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は建造物の壁面を化粧板で覆うための壁面施工アセンブリ，化粧板，化粧板固定部材，目地部材および壁面施工方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の化粧板貼り壁面の施工方法には，コンクリートやモルタル等を用いて化粧板（石板など）を建造物の壁面に直接に貼り付ける湿式工法と，アンカーボルトや金属金具等を用いて化粧板を当該壁面に貼り付ける乾式工法と，がある。このうち，乾湿工法，施工性が早いという利点がある。
【０００３】
図３４に示すように，従来の乾式工法では，例えば，建造物の壁面９に穿孔したドリル孔２５にアンカーボルト２６を挿入して固定し，かかるアンカーボルト２６に連結された金属線２８と接着剤３１を用いて，壁面９に化粧板１を固定する。さらに，相隣接する化粧板１の端面に穿孔したドリル孔２９に合わせ棒３０を挿入し，この合わせ棒３０で双方の化粧板１の表面１０レベルを揃えて，仕上がり面を平坦になるようにする。さらに，化粧板１間の目地部には，シール剤３２を充填する。
【０００４】
より詳細に説明すると，化粧板１の一側端面上の所定位置にドリル孔２７を形成するとともに，その両端面上の所定位置にドリル孔２９を形成しておく。一方，建造物の壁面９には，所定位置に穿孔したドリル孔２５にアンカーボルト２６を設置しておく。次いで，略直角に折り曲げた金属線２８の一端を，上記化粧板１のドリル孔２７に挿入して引っ掛けるとともに，この金属線２８の他端を，アンカーボルト２６のネジ頭部にあけた細い孔に通して固定する。さらに，金属線２８，ドリル孔２７およびアンカーボルト２６を全体的に接着剤３１で固定する。これにより，壁面９に化粧板１を固定することができる。
【０００５】
さらに，複数の化粧板１の表面１０側を面合わせするべく，相隣接する化粧板１のドリル孔２９に合わせ棒３０を挿入して双方の化粧板１を連結する手法と，金属線２８の長さを調整して化粧板１の面合わせを行う方法とが，一般的に行われていた。また，化粧板１間の目地部の施工法としては，この目地部に大量のシール剤３２等を充填してすっきりとした外観にする，或いは，目地部にシール剤を使わずに隙間を開けて貼りあげて，建造物の下地面（即ち，壁面９）が見えるような仕上がりとするなどしていた。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら，上記従来の施工方法では，以下のような問題点があった。
【０００７】
従来の乾式工法で使用する薄い化粧板１は，一般的には厚さが例えば２０ｍｍ程度であった。従って，壁面９からの仕上がり寸法が少なくとも例えば４０ｍｍ以上必要であり，建造物の内壁に化粧板１を施工する時には，建物の有効内容積がその分少なくなってしまうという問題があった。
【０００８】
かかる問題の対応策として，壁面９がコンクリート下地である場合などには，化粧板１をセメントや接着剤を使って直接にコンクリート下地に固定し，目地部をモルタルやシール剤で形成する手法（上記湿式工法）も実施されている。しかし，かかる工法では，化粧板１の厚さのバラツキなどが原因で，貼り上げた化粧板１の表面の面合わせ調整が非常に困難であり，施工手間もかかるという問題があった。さらに，セメントや接着剤の硬化に時間が必要であり，施工工期が長期化するという欠点もあった。
【０００９】
さらに，建造物が鉄骨や木造の場合には，壁面９と化粧板１の熱膨張率の相違に起因する寸法変化を吸収する必要が生じる。これに対処するためには，一般的には，金属線２８を使用したアンカーボルト２６による施工は行わず，弾性接着剤と，弾力性のあるシール剤とを用いて，厚さを極力薄くして重量を減らした化粧板１を，直接に壁面９に全面接着して貼り上げていた。しかし，かかる手法では，上述したように，化粧板１の厚さのバラツキを好適に調整できないという問題を解消できなかった。
【００１０】
また，乾式工法で上記目地部を開けたまま仕上げる場合には，目地の底面において接着剤３１の表面や合わせ棒３０の一部が見えるため，仕上がり面の綺麗さを欠くという問題もあった。
【００１１】
一方，シール剤３２を目地部に充填する場合には，シール剤３２が化粧板１の表面側に付着すると見苦しくなるために，施工時には特別な付着防止テーピングを行って施工するなどしていたので，施工手間がかかるという問題があった。
【００１２】
従って，石板貼り壁面の施工業者やメーカーでは，目地部に機械的にシール剤３２を充填するなどしていた。また，目地部にシール剤３２の代わりに軟質樹脂成形品を目地部に押し込んで固定するなどの施工もしていた。この場合，樹脂成形品に挿入時に接着剤で同時に固定して，目地部の施工を簡便化していた。しかし，シール剤３２や樹脂成形品は，低温の外気や太陽熱や紫外線などにより変形，収縮して劣化するので，例えば５〜６年で目地部の補修が必要となるという問題もあった。
【００１３】
さらに，上記湿式工法では，重量の大きい化粧板１を，短く部分的な固定金具と接着剤とで，建造物の壁面９に貼り合わせただけであるので，長期の使用中に接着剤３２が劣化したり，化粧板１のドリル孔周辺で割れが生じた場合には，化粧板１が剥離，落下する可能性が高いという問題があった。化粧板１が壁面から落下すると，人身事故等の重大な事故につながる危険性があった。
【００１４】
対策として，石板メーカーでは，かかる事故を防止すべく，化粧板１の厚さを薄くする，或いは強力な弾性接着剤を用いる等の改良を行っているが，接着強度を長期間に維持・保証できるかどうか疑問があった。また，一方では，化粧板１の厚さにバラツキがあるので，化粧板１の表面を面一に仕上げるために，壁面９と化粧板１の裏面との間に厚さ調整用部材等を用いるなどの施工手間をかけて，石板壁面の仕上げをしていた。
【００１５】
本発明は，上記従来の壁面施工方法が有する上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり，本発明の目的は，建造物壁面からの仕上がり寸法を薄くでき，化粧板の仕上がり表面を容易かつ好適に面合わせでき，目地部の施工が容易でシール剤の使用量も低減でき，化粧板を安定して長期間固定することができるとともに，簡便かつ迅速に施工することが可能な，新規かつ改良された壁面施工アセンブリ及び壁面施工方法等を提供することである。
【００１６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため，本発明の第１の観点によれば，複数の化粧板で壁面を覆う壁面施工アセンブリが提供される。この壁面施工アセンブリは，略矩形状を有する複数の化粧板と；複数の化粧板を連設する方向を長手方向とする化粧板固定部材と；を備える。この化粧板固定部材は，壁面に取り付けられる，基底部と；基底部とは他側に形成され，少なくともその一側を化粧板の表面に引っ掛けて化粧板を掛止する，掛止部と；基底部に設けられ，化粧板の裏面を押し上げて掛止部との間に化粧板を挟み込んで固定する，化粧板押し上げ機構と；を備えることを特徴とする。
【００１７】
かかる構成により，化粧板固定部材は，その長手方向に複数の化粧板を連接することができる。具体的には，化粧板固定部材は，基底部が壁面に取り付けられる。また，掛止部が化粧板の表面側の側端部を掛止するとともに，化粧板押し上げ機構が化粧板の裏面を掛止部方向に押し上げる。このため，化粧板固定部材は，化粧板の側端部を挟持・固定することにより，この化粧板を壁面に安定して取り付けることができる。従って，化粧板の仕上がり面を容易かつ正確に面合わせできるとともに，化粧板の剥離，落下の危険性を低減できる。また，この化粧板固定部材は，その短手方向に相隣接する化粧板の隙間の目地部を構成する。また，化粧板固定部材は，化粧板と建造物壁面材の熱膨張差による目地寸法の変化を吸収することができる。
【００１８】
また，上記掛止部は，その両側で２つの化粧板を掛止する場合には，一側の掛かり代と他側の掛かり代の大きさに差を設けてもよい。この掛かり代の大きさの差は，例えば少なくとも１．５倍以上であることが好ましい。これにより，壁面に予め設置された２つの化粧板固定部材の間に，障子を嵌め込むようにして化粧板を取り付けることができる。
【００１９】
また，上記化粧板押し上げ機構は，弾性力により化粧板の裏面を押し上げる１または２以上のバネ部，を備える，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，バネ部の弾性力によって押圧された化粧板の表面側の端部が，掛止部の掛かり代に押し付けられる。この結果，掛止部とバネ部との間で化粧板の端部が挟持される。
【００２０】
また，上記バネ部は，基底部の端部の少なくとも一部を折り返して形成される，ように構成してもよい。また，上記バネ部は，基底部の少なくとも一部を切り起こして形成される，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，バネ部を簡単に形成できるとともに，バネ部が化粧板の裏面を押圧する弾性力を好適に調整できる。
【００２１】
また，上記バネ部は，基底部に設けられたバネホルダー部に保持されるバネ部材からなる，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，バネ部のみを弾性に優れた部材で形成できる。
【００２２】
また，上記化粧板押し上げ機構は，基底部のうち少なくとも掛止部に対向する部分を，化粧板の裏面に対して略傾斜面となるように形成した傾斜面部と；化粧板の裏面と傾斜面部との間に押し込まれる固定スペーサと；を備える，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，固定スペーサによって押圧された化粧板の表面側の端部が，掛止部の掛かり代に押しつけられる。この結果，掛止部と固定スペーサとの間で化粧板の端部が挟持される。この固定スペーサは，例えば略円柱または円筒形状を有するコロ部材である。また，この固定スペーサを，上記バネ部の内側に挿入して，バネ部を支持するように構成してもよい。
【００２３】
また，上記化粧板固定部材は，１枚の金属平板を折り曲げ加工して形成される，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，化粧板固定部材を迅速かつ容易に製造できる。
【００２４】
また，上記化粧板固定部材は，基底部に連結されて壁面に固定される固定板を備えており，基底部は，固定板を介して壁面に取り付けられる，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，固定板は，例えばネジ釘等の固定部材で壁面に固設される。このとき，固定板は壁面の不陸に対応して好適に撓むので，化粧板固定部材を壁面に好適に取り付けることができる。従って，化粧板表面を面一に施工し易くなる。
【００２５】
また，上記基底部は，壁面の凹凸による不陸を吸収不可能なときには，１または２枚以上の不陸調整シートを介して壁面に取り付けられることもできる，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，固定板は，不陸の存在する壁面に対しても，化粧板固定部材を好適に取り付けることができる。
【００２６】
また，上記化粧板固定部材は，その短手方向に相隣接する化粧板同士を離隔して固定するための隙間部を備える，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，隙間部は，化粧板の熱膨張をある程度吸収することができる。この隙間部の存在により，相隣接する化粧板同士が，化粧板固定部材を介して押し合って，破損したりすることがない。
【００２７】
また，上記化粧板固定部材は，１または２以上の通水孔が形成されている，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，化粧板裏面と壁面との間に浸入した水分を，外部に好適に排出できる。この通水孔は，例えば掛止部付近に設けられることが好ましい。
【００２８】
また，上記化粧板は，少なくとも裏面側に補強板が取り付けられている，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，化粧板の強度を補強することができるので，薄い化粧板を採用することができる。また，化粧板表面側に外力を受けて，薄い化粧板が破損することを防止できる。
【００２９】
また，上記前記化粧板の被係止部は，前記化粧板の表面である，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，掛止部は，例えば化粧板の表面端部に引っ掛けられる。
【００３０】
また，上記化粧板の被係止部は，前記化粧板の端面に形成された掛止部用溝である，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，掛止部は，例えば化粧板の端面に形成された掛止部用溝に挿入されて引っ掛けられる。
【００３１】
また，上記化粧板の被係止部は，化粧板の表面の少なくとも一側端に形成された掛止部用切り欠きである，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，掛止部を掛止部用切り欠きに引っ掛けることで，より好適に化粧板を固定できる。また，化粧板固定部材を取り付けたときに，掛止部が化粧板表面より外側にはみ出ないようにできる。
【００３２】
また，上記掛止部および掛止部用切り欠きで囲まれるスペースには，シール剤を充填可能である，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，当該スペースにシール加工を施して，化粧板固定部材と化粧板の隙間を埋めることができる。このとき，シール加工の手間や，シール剤の使用量等を大幅に低減できる。
【００３３】
また，上記化粧板固定部材が連設する複数の化粧板は，相互に隙間を空けて並列され，壁面施工アセンブリは，さらに，隙間に嵌合するよう形成された１または２以上の目地部材を備える，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，例えば，略格子状の目地部を有する化粧板貼り壁面を施工できる。即ち，化粧板の隙間には，化粧板固定部材の掛止部が一方向の目地（例えば，横目地）を構成し，目地部材の上面がこれと例えば略垂直な目地（例えば，縦目地）を構成する。さらに，金属製の化粧板固定部材および目地部材を用いれば，目地部を金属目地とすることができる。
【００３４】
また，上記目地部材は，その長手方向の両端に，化粧板固定部材の掛止部に引っ掛けられる突起部を有する，ように構成してもよい。かかる構成により，目地部材の長手方向両側に配された化粧板固定部材の掛止部の下側に，目地部材の突起部をそれぞれ挿入して引っ掛けることができる。これにより，両端の突起部が掛止部によって掛止されるので，化粧板の隙間に嵌合した目地部材が外れにくい。
【００３５】
また，上記課題を解決するため，本発明の別の観点によれば，上記のような壁面施工アセンブリに用いられることを特徴とする，化粧板が提供される。
【００３６】
また，上記課題を解決するため，本発明の別の観点によれば，上記のような壁面施工アセンブリに用いられることを特徴とする，化粧板固定部材が提供される。
【００３７】
また，上記課題を解決するため，本発明の別の観点によれば，上記のような壁面施工アセンブリに用いられることを特徴とする，目地部材が提供される。
【００３８】
また，上記課題を解決するため，本発明の別の観点によれば，略矩形状を有する複数の化粧板と；複数の化粧板を壁面に連設する化粧板固定部材と；を用いた壁面施工方法が提供される。化粧板固定部材は，壁面に取り付けられる基底部と；基底部とは他側に形成され，少なくともその一側を化粧板の表面に引っ掛けて化粧板を掛止する掛止部と；基底部に設けられ，化粧板の裏面を押し上げて掛止部との間に化粧板を挟み込んで固定する化粧板押し上げ機構と；を備えている。この壁面施工方法は，壁面に取り付けられた２つの化粧板固定部材が，掛止部と化粧板押し上げ機構との間に，複数の化粧板の両側端をそれぞれ挟持することにより，複数の化粧板を壁面に連設することを特徴とする。
【００３９】
また，上記壁面施工方法は，（１）１の化粧板固定部材を壁面に取り付ける工程と；（２）取り付けられた化粧板固定部材の掛止部と化粧板押し上げ機構との間に，複数の化粧板の一側端を挿入する工程と；（３）他の化粧板固定部材の掛止部と化粧板押し上げ機構との間に，複数の化粧板の他側端を挿入するようにして，他の化粧板固定部材を壁面に取り付ける工程と；（４）（２）および（３）の工程を必要に応じて繰り返す工程と；を含む，ようにしてもよい。
【００４０】
また，上記壁面施工方法は，（１）複数の化粧板固定部材を，壁面に対して，化粧板の大きさに応じた所定のピッチで略平行に取り付ける工程と；（２）取り付けられた複数の化粧板固定部材のうち１の化粧板固定部材の掛止部と化粧板押し上げ機構との間に，化粧板の一側端を挿入した後，１の化粧板固定部材に隣接する別の化粧板固定部材の掛止部と化粧板押し上げ機構との間に，一側端が挿入された化粧板の他側端を嵌め込む工程と；（３）複数の化粧板について（２）の工程を繰り返して，相隣接する化粧板固定部材の間に，複数の化粧板を連設する工程と；を含む，ようにしてもよい。
【００４１】
また，上記化粧板押し上げ機構は，弾性力により化粧板の裏面を押し上げる１または２以上のバネ部，を備える，ようにしてもよい。
【００４２】
また，上記化粧板押し上げ機構は，基底部のうち掛止部に対向する部分を，化粧板の裏面に対して略傾斜面となるように形成した傾斜面部と；化粧板の裏面と傾斜面部との間に押し込まれる固定スペーサと；を備える，ようにしてもよい。
【００４３】
また，上記化粧板固定部材は，基底部に連結され壁面に固定される固定板を介して，壁面に取り付けられる，ようにしてもよい。また，上記基底部は，壁面の凹凸を吸収不可能な場合には，１または２枚以上の不陸調整シートを介して壁面に取り付けられる，ようにしてもよい。
【００４４】
また，上記前記化粧板の被係止部は，前記化粧板の表面である，ようにしてもよい。また，上記化粧板の被係止部は，前記化粧板の端面に形成された掛止部用溝である，ようにしてもよい。
【００４５】
また，上記化粧板の被係止部は，化粧板の表面の少なくとも一側端に形成された掛止部用切り欠きである，ようにしてもよい。また，上記掛止部および掛止部用切り欠きで囲まれるスペースには，シール剤が充填される，ようにしてもよい。
【００４６】
また，上記化粧板固定部材が連設する複数の化粧板は，相互に隙間を空けて並列されており，隙間に嵌合するよう形成された１または２以上の目地部材が，隙間に取り付けられる，ようにしてもよい。
【００４７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に添付図面を参照しながら，本発明の好適な実施の形態について詳細に説明する。なお，本明細書及び図面において，実質的に同一の機能構成を有する構成要素については，同一の符号を付することにより重複説明を省略する。
【００４８】
（第１の実施の形態）
以下に，本発明の第１の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリおよびこれを用いた壁面施工方法について説明する。
【００４９】
まず，第１の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリについて説明する。本実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリは，例えば建造物の壁面（内壁または外壁を問わない。）に，化粧板（例えば石板）貼り施工する際に用いられる組立部材である。ここでいう建造物とは，例えば，家屋，店舗，工場，ビル，組立家屋などの各種建物や，タワー，広告塔，看板，塀，橋脚，陸橋，道路の法面など，あらゆる構築物を含むものである。この壁面施工アセンブリは，例えば，化粧板と，化粧板固定部材と，目地部材と，から構成される。
【００５０】
まず，化粧板について説明する。化粧板は，例えば，建造物の内壁または外壁などの意匠性を高めるために壁面に取り付けられる略平板状の建築部材などである。この化粧板は，例えば，平面形状が略矩形状である石板であり，例えば大理石若しくは御影石等の天然石を例えば切断加工したもの，人工大理石等の人工石または陶磁器，タイル若しくはレンガ等の窯業製品などであり，薄板状に成形したものである。かかる化粧板の側面は，一般に，表面に対して例えば略垂直となるよう整形されている。また，化粧板の表面（施工後に外側に現れる面をいう。以下同じ。）には，例えば，幾何学的模様や自然調等の各種の柄などが施されていてもよい。
【００５１】
化粧板は，その平面形状が，例えば，二組の対辺がそれぞれ平行となるような略矩形状を有しており，例えば略長方形状または略正方形状である。しかし，かかる例に限定されず，化粧板の平面形状は，例えば，略正方形，略長方形等のみならず，略台形，平行四辺形，菱形などの矩形状や，略平行な一組の対辺を有するあらゆる形状であってもよい。また，このような化粧板の大きさは，例えば予め定めた所定の働き幅（化粧板固定部材によって掛止される対辺の間の距離）と，任意の長さ（化粧板固定部材によって連接される方向の長さ）と，を有するように形成される。ただし，同じ段に連接される複数の化粧板については，例えば，それらの働き幅が略同一となるように統一しておくことが好ましいが，それらの長さは１種類から複数種類まで自由に決定することができる。また，化粧板は，例えば，その厚さがほぼ一定のものを使用することが好ましい。化粧板の大きさの具体例を挙げると，例えば，働き幅３８５ｍｍ，長さ６００ｍｍ，厚さ６ｍｍ程度などであるが，用途に応じて任意の大きさとすることができる。
【００５２】
このように，化粧板は，例えば上記のように矩形状の石板などであるが，全ての化粧板が略均一な大きさでなくてもよい。例えば，１つの段で連接される方向（化粧板固定部材の長手方向）の化粧板の長さは，例えば，化粧板毎に異なるようにしてもよい。また，化粧板としては，全てが略均一な形状を有していなくても良く，例えば，台形と長方形のものを組み合わせて使用するなどしてもよい。
【００５３】
なお，この化粧板２０は，上記のような石板の例に限定されず，例えば，プラスチック等の各種合成樹脂板，スレート板，コンクリート板，ガラス板，セラミック板，セメント板または各種の金属板など各種の建築用壁材であってもよい。
【００５４】
なお，本実施形態にかかる化粧板の被係止部は，例えば，化粧板の表面端部であるように構成されている。換言すると，後述する化粧板固定部材の掛止部は，例えば，化粧板の表面の両側端部に引っ掛けられる。
【００５５】
次に，図１および図２に基づいて，本実施形態にかかる大きな特徴である化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図１は，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図２は，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【００５６】
図１及び図２に示すように，化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，上記化粧板１を建造物の壁面に固定するための金属目地金具などである。この化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，その短手方向両側で化粧板１の端部を挟持して，その長手方向に例えば複数の化粧板１を連接することができる。
【００５７】
化粧板固定部材１００の材質は，例えば，鉄板，ステンレス鋼板，各種の鋼板，表面処理塗装鋼板，銅板，真鍮板，アルミ板，チタン板など各種の金属板である。この金属板の厚さは，金属板の材料強度と化粧板１の重量などに応じて決定され，例えば，０．１ｍｍ〜１ｍｍであるが，化粧板１が薄い物ほど当該金属板の厚さもより薄い物を使うことができる。この化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，平板状の上記金属板を，折り曲げ加工またはプレス加工などといった成形加工して形成される。しかし，かかる例に限定されず，化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，異形押し出し金属材などを押し出し成形加工して，形成することもできる。また，化粧板固定部材１００は，上記金属類に限られず，例えば，各種の合成樹脂などで作成することもできる。この場合には，化粧板固定部材１００は，合成樹脂板を成形加工したり，または異形押し出し合成樹脂材料等を押し出し成形加工したりして，形成してもよい。
【００５８】
この化粧板固定部材１００は，図１及び図２に示すように，例えば，掛止部３と，基底部４と，連結部２と，バネ部５ａ，５ｂ（以下，バネ部５と総称する場合もある。）と，固定板８と，を主に備える。
【００５９】
化粧板固定部材１００は，図１に示すように，例えば，１枚の金属板を曲げ加工することにより，基底部４，掛止部３，連結部２およびバネ部５などから成る本体部が一体形成されている。このように，例えば，１枚の金属平板からロール成形のみで，化粧板固定部材１００の本体部を一体形成することが可能である。さらに，例えば，同様なロール成形によって形成された固定板８が，上記一体形成された本体部に対して，基底部４の下面側に溶接等により連結される。
【００６０】
化粧板固定部材１００の本体部側の金属板は，例えば，バネ性（弾力性）がある材料であることが好ましい。一方，固定板８を成す金属板は，例えば，比較的軟らかいものが好ましい。また，化粧板固定部材１００の長手方向の長さについては，例えば，施工性を考慮して化粧板１の長さ以上とすることが好ましい。
【００６１】
以下に，化粧板固定部材１００を構成する各部について詳細に説明する。
【００６２】
掛止部３は，例えば，上部断面が略半球状であり，下部断面が略直線上となるような形状を有する。この掛止部３は，例えばその両側の下面（掛かり代）を化粧板１の端部に引っ掛けることにより，両側に化粧板１を掛止することができる。この掛止部３の掛かり代のレベル（面位置）は，両側で略同一となるように形成されているので，双方の掛かり代で掛止された２つの化粧板１の表面レベルが，フラットになる。このため，貼り上げた化粧板１の仕上げ面を高精度で面一にできる。
【００６３】
また，掛止部３は，例えば，固定板８側の掛かり代が短く，反対側の掛かり代が長くなるように構成されており，この長い方の掛かり代は短い方の掛かり代と比べて，少なくとも例えば約１．５倍以上（好ましくは例えば２〜３倍）の長さを有する。これら２つの掛かり代の大きさおよび双方の比率は，例えば，化粧板１の加工精度等に応じて，掛止した化粧板１が外れ出さないように決定される。このように掛かり代の大きさに差を付けることにより，後述する施工時において，所定のピッチで取り付けられた２つの化粧板固定部材１００の間に，化粧板１を好適に嵌め込んで外れないようにすることができる。なお，図１の例では，掛止部３の長い方の掛かり代は，固定板８とは反対側に形成されているが，かかる例に限定されない。
【００６４】
また，この掛止部３は，図２に示すようにその上面が施工後の仕上がり面に現れる。このため，化粧板固定部材１００を，例えば，その長手方向を水平方向として壁面９に設置することにより，例えば垂直方向に相隣接する化粧板１間の水平方向の目地部（以下では，横目地という。）を，金属目地加工することができる。
【００６５】
基底部４は，化粧板固定部材１００のベースとなる部分であり，例えば，固定板８を介して，建造物の壁面９に取りつけられる部分である。この基底部４は，連結部２を介して他側に位置する掛止部３を支持すると共に，例えば，その両側端にはバネ部５ａ，５ｂが，設けられる。
【００６６】
バネ部５は，本実施形態にかかる化粧板押し上げ機構として構成されている。このバネ部５は，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００の本体部を構成する金属板の両端（即ち，基底部４の両端）をロール成形して形成される。具体的には，バネ部５は，例えば，当該金属板の両端部の全てを，略均一に折り返して形成される。
【００６７】
このバネ部５のうち，固定板８側のバネ部５ｂは，例えば，固定板８を点溶接等で接合できるスペースを確保しつつ，掛止部３に極力近づけて構成することが好ましい。一方，バネ部５ａも，加工性を考慮して掛止部３に極力近づけて構成することが好ましい。このように，バネ部５と掛止部３との位置関係，およびバネ部５の形状は，例えば，化粧板１の厚さのバラツキや，バネ部５の弾性力によって化粧板１を押し出す力などを考慮して決定されるが，例えば，建造物の壁面９に固定板８を固定するためのネジ釘８０のネジ頭の形状や高さなども考慮して決定される。なお，本実施形態では，バネ部８は，金属板の両端部全体を折り曲げて構成されているが，かかる例に限定されず，例えば，基底部４の金属板を部分的に切り起こして構成することもできる。また，バネ部５は，上記のように連続したバネ部でもよいが，例えば，掛止部３の変形を少なくするために，基底部の端部を部分的に切り欠いて折り曲げる，或いは，基底部４を部分的に切り起こすなどして形成された部分バネとすることもできる。
【００６８】
かかるバネ部８は，上記のように弾力性を有する金属板で構成されているので，さらに深く折り返される力に対して反力を発揮する。従って，図２に示すように，掛止部４とバネ部５と間に化粧板１が挿入されると，バネ部５は，通常状態より圧縮されるため，弾性力を発揮して当該化粧板１を押し上げる。これにより，化粧板１は，掛止部３の掛かり代側に押しつけられるので，掛止部３とバネ部５との間に挟持・固定される。
【００６９】
このように，バネ部５は，化粧板１を掛止部３との間に挟み込んで固定する機能を有する。かかるバネ部５の機能により，化粧板１の表面が掛止部３の掛かり代のレベルとなるように化粧板１が押圧される。このため，たとえ，図２に示すように化粧板１の厚さに多少バラツキがあったとしても，その差分量はバネ部５の撓み量で吸収できるので，双方の化粧板１の表面レベルは一定のレベルとなる。従って，化粧板貼り壁面施工において，仕上がり面の面合わせが容易に実現できる。
【００７０】
連結部２は，掛止部３と基底部４とを連結する細長い部分であり，図２に示すように，例えば，化粧板１の一方が接触する。この連結部２の内部には，所定幅に調整された空間である隙間部７が確保されている。この隙間部７の存在により，化粧板固定部材１００の両側に固定された化粧板１の端面同士が，極度に隣接しないようにできる。かかる隙間部７の寸法を調整しておくことで，例えば，日光や紫外線，外気の変化等が原因で，化粧板１が膨張収縮したとしても，この隙間部７が当該膨張収縮量を吸収できるので，化粧板１同士が連結部２を介して押し合わないようすることができる。さらに，地震等による建造物の変形量を事前に予測して隙間部７の間隔を決定しておくことにより，金属のバネ性を利用した特性で耐震性の高い施工が可能となる。さらに，地震やその他の外力で化粧板１が破損する事を防止する効果も期待できる。
【００７１】
固定板８は，例えば，上記基底部４および掛止部３等が一体形成された金属板とは，別体に構成された金属板などからなる。
【００７２】
この固定板８の金属板の厚さは，固定板８が壁面９状態に応じて柔軟に変形するように，例えば，上記化粧板固定部材１００の本体部の金属板の厚さよりも薄くなるように調整されている。しかし，固定板８の金属板の厚さは，壁面９の不陸の状態や，壁面９の使用態様に応じて任意の厚さに変更できる。
【００７３】
この固定板８は，上記の基底部４に応じた大きさを有しており，例えば，複数箇所をスポット溶接（点溶接）７３等されることにより，基底部４の下側（壁面９側）に接合される。この，双方の金属板の接合方法は，スポット溶接に限られず，例えば，鋲螺類または接着剤等で接合することもでき，或いは，強度的に保証できればカシメ接合などであってもよい。
【００７４】
また，この固定板８の一側端には，例えば，ハゼ折り部１９が設けられている。このハゼ折り部１９は，固定板８の一側端をロール成形により折り返すことで形成される。このハゼ折り部１９によって，化粧板固定部材１００の端部を丸めることができるので，例えば施工時に作業員が鋭敏な端部で傷つくことを防止できる。
【００７５】
かかる固定板８は，図２に示すように，建造物の壁面９にネジ釘８０で固定される。このように，固定板８を壁面９に固定することにより，化粧板固定部材１００全体を壁面９に取り付けて固定することができる。このように，基底部４を壁面９に直接固定するのではなく，固定板８を介して固定することにより，壁面９の凹凸や傾斜などに対応して，化粧板固定部材１００を正しい向き（例えば壁面９に対して垂直方向）で好適に設置できる。即ち，壁面９に凹凸や傾斜等の不陸がある場合であっても，固定板８をネジ釘８０等で締め付けて固定する際に，固定板８が当該壁面９の形状に応じて柔軟に撓んで変形するので，かかる壁面９の不陸を吸収することができる。
【００７６】
次に，図３に基づいて，本実施形態にかかる目地部材について説明する。なお，図３は，本実施形態にかかる目地部材２００を示す斜視図である。
【００７７】
図３に示すように，目地部材２００は，相隣接する化粧板１の隙間に嵌合するように延長形成された例えば略棒状の部材である。この目地部材２００の材質は，上記化粧板固定部材１００と同様に，例えば，鉄板，ステンレス鋼板，各種の鋼板，表面処理塗装鋼板，銅板，真鍮板，アルミ板，チタン板など各種の金属板などである。このように化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００を，例えば略同一の金属板を素材とすることで，施工後に表面に現れる化粧板１の目地部分を統一された金属目地で構成することができる。この目地部材２００は，上記金属板を折り曲げ加工またはプレス加工などして形成される。しかし，かかる例に限定されず，目地部材２００は，例えば，金属類または合成樹脂などを押し出し成形して形成されてもよい。この目地部材２００の長さは，例えば，壁面９を施工した際に，所定間隔で配された化粧板固定部材１００間のピッチの長さより若干短い長さである。
【００７８】
この目地部材２００は，例えば，目地表面部２０２と，支持部２０４と，張出部２０６とを備える。
【００７９】
目地表面部２０２は，例えば，化粧板１間の目地となって外部に現れる部分である。この目地表面部２０２は，例えば，その断面が上記化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３と略同一な断面形状を有しており，両側下面に掛かり代も備える。よって，かかる目地部材２００は，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３と略同一の機能構成の掛止部としても機能する。また，支持部２０４は，例えば，上記化粧板１の隙間に挿入して配置され，目地表面部２０２を支持する部分である。
【００８０】
また，張出部２０６は，支持部２０４の他端に外側に張り出すように設けられた部分である。この張出部２０６を，両側の化粧板１の裏面に引っ掛けることにより，当該化粧板１同士の隙間に嵌合した目地部材２００が好適に固定され，外れないようにできる。また，この張出部２０６を化粧板１の裏面に好適に引っ掛けるために，例えば，化粧板１の裏面の端部に面取り状の切り欠き部を形成し，かかる切り欠き部に張出部２０６を引っ掛けるようにしてもよい。なお，この切り欠き部は，化粧板１裏面の端部に沿って全体に施しても良く，また，部分的に施しても良い。
【００８１】
この目地部材２００を上記隙間に挿入する際には，目地部材２００の支持部２０４が目地表面部２０２との連結部を支点として弾性的に開閉可能であるので，張出部２０６が邪魔になることはない。
【００８２】
以上のような目地部材２００を，化粧板１間の隙間に嵌合させることにより，目地部材２００の目地表面部２０２が施工後の仕上がり面に現れるので，例えば左右に相隣接する化粧板１間の垂直方向の目地部（以下では，縦目地という。）を，金属目地加工することができる。
【００８３】
以上，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリを構成する化粧板１，化粧板固定部材１００及び目地部材２００について説明した。かかる壁面施工アセンブリを複数用いて組立加工することで，建造物の壁面に化粧板貼り壁面を施工することができる。
【００８４】
次に，図２，図４および図５に基づいて，上記壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法について説明する。なお，図４は，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法を示すフローチャートである。また，図５は，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法によって施工されている壁面９の態様を示す斜視図である。
【００８５】
なお，以下では，化粧板貼り施工する壁面として，建造物の略垂直な壁面の例を挙げて説明するが，かかる例に限定されず，施工壁面は，傾斜壁面，天井面などであってもよい。また，壁面施工方法として，複数の上記化粧板１を一段毎に例えば略水平方向（壁面９の左右方向）に貼り合わせていく横貼り方式の例を挙げて説明するが，かかる例に限定されず，例えば略垂直方向（壁面９の上下方向）に貼り合わせていく縦貼り方式などとしても勿論よい。
【００８６】
図４に示すように，まず，ステップＳ１００では，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１が壁面９に取りつけられる（ステップＳ１００）。図５に示すように，施工対象である建造物の壁面９における最下端部分に，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１が，その長手方向が略水平となるように取り付けられる。このような化粧板固定部材１００の取り付けは，例えば，ネジ釘８０により上記固定板８を壁面９に固定することによりなされる。この際，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００の固定板８側（バネ部５ｂ側）が，上側となるように固定される。
【００８７】
次いで，ステップＳ１０２では，壁面９に対して，複数の化粧板固定部材１００−２，３…が，所定のピッチで平行に取り付けられる（ステップＳ１０２）。まず，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２が，上記最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１に対して所定のピッチで壁面９に取り付けられる。この所定のピッチは，例えば，化粧板１の働き幅と掛止部３の寸法に基づいて計算されるピッチである。より具体的には，当該ピッチは，例えば，化粧板１の働き幅と，化粧板１を挿入する時に必要な掛止部３の下側の空間部寸法と，金属板の厚さ２枚分の寸法と，さらに若干の余裕分とを合計した寸法である。次いで，同様にして，３段目の化粧板固定部材１００−３が，上記２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２に対して所定のピッチで壁面９に取り付けられる。さらに，同様にして，複数の化粧板固定部材１００−４，５，…の取付を，壁面９全体をカバーするまで繰り返す。この結果，複数の化粧板固定部材１００−１，２，３，…が，建造物の壁面９全体に予め等間隔で取り付け施工される。
【００８８】
なお，壁面９に凹凸や傾斜部分（以下，不陸という）が大きく存在する場合には，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００と壁面９との間に不陸調整シートを挟んだ上で，ネジ釘８０で化粧板固定部材１００を壁面９に固定してもよい。これにより，化粧板固定部材１００を安定的に，かつ好適な方向で取り付けることができる。しかし，例えば，小さく部分的な不陸の場合には，固定板８が撓むことにより不陸調整機能が働くので，不陸調整シートを使わなくてもよい。
【００８９】
さらに，ステップＳ１０４では，相隣接する化粧板固定部材１００の間に，１つの化粧板１が嵌め込まれる（ステップＳ１０４）。ここでは，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１と，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２との間（以下では，１段目の嵌込スペースという。その他の段も同様とする。）に，１つの化粧板１を嵌め込む例について説明する。例えば，まず，表面側を手前にした化粧板１の上端部を，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２の下側の掛止部３とバネ部５ａと隙間に，バネ部５ａを押圧しながら当該隙間の奥まで上限一杯に挿入する。次いで，この化粧板１の下端部を，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の上側の掛止部３とバネ部５ｂとの隙間に，バネ部５ｂを押圧しながら嵌め込んで，化粧板１を落とし込むように押し下げて挿入する。このように，本実施形態では，例えば，予め設置された相隣接する化粧板固定部材１００の間に，障子や襖を入れるようにして，化粧板１が嵌め込まれる。
【００９０】
上記のようにして化粧板１が嵌め込まれた状態では，例えば，図２に示したように，化粧板固定部材１００の下端は，下側に位置する化粧板固定部材１００の連結部２に直接的に接触する一方，化粧板１の上端は，上側に位置する化粧板固定部材１００の連結部２からは多少の挿入用隙間５０が空くようになる。このため，化粧板１は，通常時には安定性にさほど問題がないが，地震時などには外れてしまう危険性がある。そこで，施工後に化粧板固定部材１００が外れないようにするために，例えば，１つの化粧板１を嵌め込む度に，上記挿入用隙間５０に１個ずつ木片や弾力のある樹脂棒等のくさびを挿入してもよい。これにより，化粧板１の例えば上下方向への移動を制限して，より確実に化粧板１を固定できる。
【００９１】
その後，ステップＳ１０６では，その段に全ての化粧板１が設置されたか否かが判定される（ステップＳ１０６）。例えば，上記１段目の嵌込スペースに，上記ステップＳ１０４と同様にして，新たな化粧板１が順次嵌め込まれてゆく。この結果，上記１段目の嵌込スペースの全領域をカバーする分の化粧板１が配列されて嵌め込まれた場合には，その段の化粧板１の嵌め込みがすべて完了したことになり，ステップＳ１０８に進む。
【００９２】
次いで，ステップＳ１０８では，化粧板１の間に目地部材２００が取り付けられる（ステップＳ１０８）。例えば，１段目の嵌合スペースに配列された複数の化粧板１間の隙間に，上記図３で説明したような目地部材２００が，それぞれ嵌め込まれる。この目地部材２００は，上記張出部２０６が，化粧板１の裏面に引っ掛かることにより，当該隙間に嵌合して安定的に保持される。なお，構築物の壁面９の意匠的な観点から，例えば，あえて目地部材２００を使用しないで，化粧板１を近接させて配列し，金属の縦目地を使わないようにしてもよい。
【００９３】
さらに，ステップＳ１１０では，壁面９全体の施工が終了したか否かが判定される（ステップＳ１１０）。例えば，上記１段目の嵌込スペースが終了した場合には，上記ステップＳ１０４に戻って，１段目の嵌込スペースについて上記と同様の施工が成される。かかる例えば段毎の施工を繰り返して，全ての嵌込スペースに，化粧板１が取り付け完了した場合には，当該壁面９の施工を終了する。
【００９４】
以上のように，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法では，構築物の壁面９に化粧板１を貼り上げるために，例えば，まず，化粧板固定部材１００−１を壁面９の最下端に設置し，さらに，所定のピッチで２，３…段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２，３…を，事前に略平行に設置する。しかる後に，化粧板１の上端部を，上側の化粧板固定部材１００の下側のバネ部５ａと掛止部３との間に挟持される状態で持ち上げるようにして嵌め込み，次いで，当該化粧板１の下端部を下側の化粧板固定部材１００の上側のバネ部５ｂと掛止部３との間に，落とし込むようにする。これにより，当該化粧板１の両端を上下２つの化粧板固定部材１００で挟持・固定できる。
【００９５】
なお，上記施工方法では，予め全ての化粧板固定部材１００を設置した上で，化粧板１を嵌め込んでいったが，かかる例に限定されない。例えば，まず，再下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１および２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２のみを設置し，次いで，この２つの化粧板固定部材１００−１，２間に化粧板１を全て嵌め込み完了した後に，３段目の化粧板固定部材１００−３を設置して，化粧板固定部材１００−２，３間に化粧板１を嵌め込むといったように，化粧板固定部材１００の設置と，該当する段の化粧板１の嵌め込みとを，一段毎に交互に繰り返して施工しても良い。
【００９６】
（第２の実施の形態）
次に，本発明の第２の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリおよびこれを用いた壁面施工方法について説明する。なお，第２の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリおよび壁面施工方法は，以下に説明する事項以外の機能構成は，上記第１の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリおよび壁面施工方法と略同一であるので，その説明は省略する。
【００９７】
まず，図６〜図８に基づいて，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図６は，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図７は，図６の化粧板固定部材１００を作成する際の加工工程中の半製品を示す側面図である。また，図８は，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【００９８】
図６〜図８に示すように，化粧板固定部材１００は，上記と同様に，その長手方向の長さが上記化粧板１の平行な対辺の長さ以上の寸法を有する長尺金具などとして形成されている。この化粧板固定部材１００は，１枚の上記金属板を折り曲げ加工することにより，基底部４，掛止部３，連結部２およびバネ部５などから成る本体部だけでなく，固定板８もが一体形成されている点が特徴である。また，化粧板固定部材１００は，複数のバネ部５ａが基底部４を部分的に切り起こして形成されている点と，バネ部５ｂが基底部の端部を部分的に切り欠いて折り返している点にも特徴がある。
【００９９】
このような化粧板固定部材１００の製造方法の例について，以下に詳細に説明する。まず，例えば，予め長尺の金属板において，所定の位置にバネ部５ａ及びバネ部５ｂとなる部分を展開抜き（切り抜き）しておく。次いで，例えば，かかる金属板をロール成形して，図７の実線で示すように，掛止部３，連結部２，およびバネ部５ｂを成形する。その後，例えば，予め潰し部１６のみに金型を配したプレス機を用いて，潰し曲げ加工をすることにより，図７の２点鎖線で示すように，固定板８をさらに深く折り曲げて基底部４に合わせるとともに，バネ部５ａを立ち上げ（例えば，固定板８の折り曲げに伴って自然に起きあがる。），不要な潰し部１６を潰す。しかる後に，図６に示すように，スポット溶接７３などで基底部４と固定板８とを接合して，化粧板固定部材１００が完成する。
【０１００】
上記のようにして，本実施形態にかかる固定板８は，例えば，一枚の金属板から本体部と一体に形成される。このように，化粧板固定部材１００の全てを一体形成することで，化粧板固定部材１００の製作コストと手間の低減を図ることができる。また，固定板８は，壁面９にネジ釘８０等で固定する際，壁面９の不陸を吸収できる。また，固定板８を上記のように折り返してスポット溶接７３などにより接合することで，固定板８と基底部４からなる２枚の金属板となる部分が生じるので，強度の高い化粧板固定部材１００に仕上げる事ができる。なお，接合方法は接着剤などで行う事もでき，また，金属板に強度のある場合には，別段の接合作業をしなくても，折り曲げた状態でそのまま使用することもできる。
【０１０１】
また，バネ部５は，化粧板固定部材１００の長手方向に沿って全体的に形成されるのではなく，部分的に形成されている。これにより，当該バネ部５が化粧板１の裏面に加える弾性力を好適に低減して調整することができる。
【０１０２】
次に，図９および図１０に基づいて，本実施形態にかかる目地部材２００について説明する。なお，図９は，本実施形態にかかる目地部材２００を示す斜視図である。また，図１０は，本実施形態の変更例にかかる目地部材２００を示す斜視図である。
【０１０３】
図９に示すように，目地部材２００は，例えば，仕上がり面に表れる目地表面部２０２と，化粧板１間の隙間に挿入されて上記目地表面部２０２を支持する支持部２０４と，突起部２０８とを有する。
【０１０４】
突起部２０８は，目地部材２００の長手方向の例えば両端から突出形成され，目地表面部２０２に対して若干の段差を有する略突起状の部分であり，上記化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３の下側に挿入可能な形状を有する。かかる突起部２０８は，上記掛止部３の下側に引っ掛けられることにより，相隣接する化粧板１の隙間に嵌合した目地部材２００を固定して，隙間から外れないようにする機能を有する。また，突起部２０８の目地表面部２０２に対する段差を好適に調整することにより，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３と，目地部材２００の目地表面部２０２と，からなる金属目地部の表面を，ほぼ同じ高さに仕上げることができる。
【０１０５】
この目地部材２００は，上述したような金属板を予め展開抜きした後にプレス加工等によって形成される。この場合，目地表面部２０２となる部分は，例えば，平面，略半円筒状など任意の形状であってよく，化粧板固定部材１００の形状に合わせたものとするのことが好ましい。
【０１０６】
具体的には，例えば，図１０に示すように，目地部材２００の目地表面部２０２を平面にし，突起部２０８を切り起こすように形成しても良い。かかる図１０の目地部材２００は，例えば，事前に金属板を展開抜き等により１次加工し，次いで，プレス加工等で２次加工して形成することができる。このような目地表面部２０２の態様については，例えば，上記のように平面状や円弧状など任意の形状であってよく，さらに，エンボス加工などを施してもよい。
【０１０７】
次に，図８，図１１および図１２に基づいて，上記壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法について説明する。なお，図１１は，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法を示すフローチャートである。また，図１２は，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法によって施工されている壁面９の態様を示す斜視図である。なお，以下でも，垂直壁面に対して上記横貼り方式で施工する例について説明するが，かかる例に限定されず，任意の壁面に縦貼り方式などで施工してもよい。
【０１０８】
図１１に示すように，まず，ステップＳ２００では，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１が壁面９に取りつけられる（ステップＳ２００）。図１２に示すように，施工対象である建造物の壁面９における最下端部分に，スターターとして，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１が，その長手方向が略水平となるように取り付けられる。このような化粧板固定部材１００の取り付けは，例えば，ネジ釘８０により上記固定板８を壁面９に固定することによりなされる。この際，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００の固定板８側（バネ部５ｂ側）が，上側となるように固定される。
【０１０９】
次いで，ステップＳ２０２では，設置された化粧板固定部材１００の上側に，１つの化粧板１が取り付けられる（ステップＳ２０２）。ここでは，例えば，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の上側のスペース（以下では，１段目の嵌込スペースという。その他の段も同様とする。）に，１つの化粧板１を取り付ける例について説明する。表面側を手前にした化粧板１の下端部を，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の掛止部３上側の隙間に挿入する。換言すると，当該化粧板１の下端部を，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の掛止部３とバネ部５ｂとの間に，奥まで挿入する。これにより，挿入された化粧板１は，バネ部５ｂの弾性力によって表面側に押されて，掛止部３の掛かり代に押し付けられる。なお，この時点では，化粧板１は，その下端部のみが例えば化粧板固定部材１００−１によって挟持された状態であり，未だ不安定な状態で取り付けられている。
【０１１０】
その後，ステップＳ２０４では，その段に全ての化粧板１が設置されたか否かが判定される（ステップＳ２０４）。例えば，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の上側に，上記ステップＳ２０２と同様にして，新たな化粧板１が順次挿入されてゆく。この結果，上記１段目の嵌込スペースの全領域をカバーする分の化粧板１が配列された場合には，その段の化粧板１の設置がすべて完了したので，ステップＳ２０６に進む。
【０１１１】
次いで，ステップＳ２０６では，化粧板１の間に目地部材２００が取り付けられる（ステップＳ２０６）。例えば，上記のようにして１段目の嵌合スペースに配列された複数の化粧板１間の隙間に，上記図９で説明したような目地部材２００が，それぞれ嵌め込まれる。この目地部材２００は，例えば，下側の上記突出部２０８が，最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１の掛止部３に引っ掛けられて，掛止される。なお，構築物の壁面９の意匠的な観点から，例えば，あえて目地部材２００を使用しないで，化粧板１を近接させて配列し，金属の縦目地を使わないようにしてもよい。
【０１１２】
次いで，ステップＳ２０８では，次の段の化粧板固定部材１００が，壁面９に取り付けられる（ステップＳ２０８）。例えば，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２が，上記最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１に対して平行に取り付けられる。このとき，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２は，自身の下側の掛止部３とバネ部５ａの間に，上記ステップＳ２０２〜ステップＳ２０４で取り付けられた複数の化粧板１の上端を，挿入するような位置に設置される。この結果，当該複数の化粧板１は，その下端を最下段の化粧板固定部材１００−１によって挟持され，その上端を２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２によって挟持されるので，壁面９に対して安定的に固定された状態となる。
【０１１３】
かかる化粧板１の状態をより詳細に説明すると，例えば，図８に示したように，化粧板１の下端は，下側に位置する化粧板固定部材１００の連結部２に直接的に接触する一方，化粧板１の上端も，上側に位置する化粧板固定部材１００の連結部２に直接接触する。このため，上記図２の場合のように挿入用隙間５０が生じることがないので，化粧板１は，上下の化粧板固定部材１００によって確実に挟持・固定される。
【０１１４】
また，化粧板１だけでなく，上記ステップＳ２０６で取り付けられた目地部材２００も，その上側の突起部２０８が２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２の掛止部３に引っ掛けられて，双方の化粧板固定部材１００−１，２間で固定される。なお，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２は，例えば釘打ち用の固定板８がネジ釘８０等によって壁面９に直接に固定されることで，壁面９に固設される。
【０１１５】
さらに，ステップＳ２１０では，壁面９全体の施工が終了したか否かが判定される（ステップＳ２１０）。例えば，上記１段目の嵌込スペースにおける化粧板１の設置が終了した場合には，上記ステップＳ２０４に戻って，２段目の嵌込スペースについて上記と同様の施工が成される。かかる例えば段毎の施工を繰り返して，全ての嵌込スペースに，化粧板１が取り付け完了した場合には，当該壁面９の施工を終了する。
【０１１６】
以上のように，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法では，構築物の壁面９に化粧板１を貼り上げる壁面施工時に，例えば，まず，化粧板固定部材１００−１を壁面９の最下端にスターターとして設置し，次いで，複数の化粧板１をこの化粧板固定部材１００−１に沿って並列して取り付け，さらに，目地部材２００を取り付けた上で，２段目の化粧板固定部材１００−２を，これら化粧板１および目地部材２００を挟み込むようにして設置・固定する。これにより，当該化粧板１の両端が，上下２つの化粧板固定部材１００により安定的に挟持・固定される。このような複数の化粧板１の配列と，化粧板固定部材１００の設置とを繰り返すことにより，壁面９全体を化粧板貼り施工することができる。
【０１１７】
以上説明したように，上記第１および第２の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリおよび壁面施工方法によれば，化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を挟持・固定した状態では，化粧板固定部材１００の双方のバネ部５ａ，５ｂが，化粧板１を掛止部３の方向へ押し出すよう作用する。化粧板固定部材１００の基底部４と掛止部３との距離は，化粧板１の厚さとバネ部５の反発力を考慮した好適な寸法を予め計算して決定されているので，上記バネ部５の押し出す力が適切な大きさとなる。また，同時に，固定板８に使用するネジ釘８０等の頭の寸法等も考慮して，バネ部５の形状が決定されている。固定板８は，厚さの薄い金属板を使用することにより，構築物９の下地の小さな不陸を吸収できる。従って，このような掛止部３，バネ部５および固定板８の作用により，設置された化粧板１の表面を面一に仕上げることができる。
【０１１８】
また，熱や湿気による化粧板１の膨張収縮で，化粧板１同士が干渉する可能性が考えられる。また，化粧板１と建造物の壁面材との伸縮量差の影響により，化粧板１が安定的に固定されない可能性も考えられる。しかし，上記実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００は，連結部２の内部に隙間部７が設けられるように成形加工される。この隙間部７の幅は，上記のような熱や湿気による化粧板１の伸縮量と，建造物の壁面材の伸縮量との差を吸収できるように設定されている。
【０１１９】
よって，この隙間部７が存在することにより，双方の化粧板１を，ある程度離隔して配設することが可能であり，熱膨張により双方の化粧板１が連結部１を介して押し合うことを防止できる。また，この隙間部７は，化粧板１と建造物の壁面材の伸縮量の差によって，化粧板１の隙間が無くなることを避けることができる。特に，構築物本体が木材や鉄骨造の場合には熱膨張率が異なるために，上記隙間部７は重要である。
【０１２０】
また，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法では，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３表面が例えば横目地となり，さらに目地部材２００の目地表面部２０２が縦目地となるので，隣接する化粧板１間の目地部を金属製目地とすることができる。
【０１２１】
さらに，化粧板１を外壁に施工した後に，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００と，化粧板１との隙間に，シール剤を塗布するとともに，化粧板固定部材１００と目地部材２００との接触部の隙間にもシール剤を塗布してもよい。これにより，貼り上げた化粧板１の内側に外部から雨水等が侵入することを防止できる。また，本施工法によるとシール剤の使用量を大幅に節約できる。
【０１２２】
（変更例）
次に，上記実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの各種変更例について説明する。
【０１２３】
（変更例１）
最初に，変更例１にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板１および化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１２４】
まず，図１３に基づいて，変更例１にかかる化粧板１について説明する。なお，図１３（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ）は，変更例１にかかる化粧板１を示す斜視図，側面図，正面図である。
【０１２５】
図１３（ａ），（ｂ）に示すように，化粧板１は，例えば，表面側の両側端部に，掛止部用切り欠き２０が連続形成されている。この掛止部用切り欠き２０は，図１３（ｂ）に示すように，例えば，その断面形状が略Ｌ字型となるような段差状を有する。この段差状の形状及び大きさは，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３の形状および大きさと対応するように調整されている。かかる掛止部用切り欠き２０には，当該掛止部３が引っ掛けられて，双方が好適に係合してずれることがない。このため，化粧板固定部材１００は，化粧板１を安定かつ好適に固定することができる。
【０１２６】
また，図１３（ａ），（ｃ）に示すように，化粧板１は，例えば，表面側のもう一方の両側端部に，断面が例えば略傾斜面状の面取り部５７が形成されている。この面取り部５７を設けることにより，化粧板１同士が接触して破損することを防止できるとともに，施工後の仕上がり面に立体感が生まれ，意匠性を高めることができる。なお，上記のように，化粧板１の端面に掛止部用切り欠き２０と面取り部５７を施した例を挙げたが，かかる例に限定されず，例えば，薄い化粧板１の場合には，上記掛止部用切り欠き２０と面取り部５７を施さないようにしてもよい。
【０１２７】
次に，図１４および図１５に基づいて，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図１４は，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図１５は，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【０１２８】
図１４に示すように，化粧板固定部材１００は，基底部４の下側に上記のような固定版８が取り付けられておらず，基底部４に直接，ネジ釘８０を設置して，壁面９に固定するような構成である。また，この化粧板固定部材１００のバネ部５は，例えば，掛止部３の一側に配列された切り起こしタイプのバネ部５ａと，掛止部３の他側に配列された部分的な折り返しタイプのバネ部５ｂと，からなる。
【０１２９】
バネ部５ａは，例えば，一側の基底部４の略平面部分の金属板を，プレス加工などにより部分的に切り起こして形成される。また，このバネ部５ａの外側の基底部４には，ネジ釘８０が設置されるスペースが確保されており，さらに，基底部４の端部にはハゼ折り部１９が形成されている。一方，バネ部５ｂは，他側の基底部４の端部を部分的に折り返して形成されている。このバネ部５ｂは，例えば，複数の切り込みが入れられた基底部４の端部を，ある程度折り返し，不要な潰し部１６を十分に潰しきることにより，残って幾分立ち上がっている部分である。このように，固定版８を用いず，バネ部５ａを切り起こすなどして形成することにより，材料となる金属板の使用量を低減することができる。
【０１３０】
図１５には，この化粧板固定部材１００によって，上記図１３で示したような化粧板１が，壁面９に組み付けられた状態が示されている。
【０１３１】
図１５に示すように，掛止部３が，化粧板１の掛止部用切り欠き２０と好適に係合しているので，化粧板固定部材１００は化粧板１を確実に固定することができる。また，掛止部３の表面側は，上記のように金属目地部（横目地）を構成するが，上記掛止部用切り欠き２０を設けることにより，掛止部３は，その表面が化粧板１の表面より凹んだ状態で化粧板１を掛止できる。これにより，金属目地部が化粧板１の表面より凹んだ状態となるような，石板貼り壁面を仕上げることができる。
【０１３２】
また，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材１００は，バネ部５ａを切り起して形成した結果，基底部４には複数の開口部が形成されており，この開口部の存在により壁面９の不陸に追従して設置やすい構成となっている。しかし，図１５に示すように，壁面９の広い範囲での不陸がある場合には，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００は，基底部４と壁面９との間に配設された不陸調整シート５１を介して設置されても良い。これにより，化粧板固定部材１００は，不陸があるにもかかわらず，化粧板１を好適かつ面一に支持することができる。
【０１３３】
（変更例２）
次に，変更例２にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板１および化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１３４】
まず，図１６〜図１９に基づいて，変更例２にかかる補強板３００が取り付けられた化粧板１について説明する。なお，図１６は，変更例２にかかる１枚用の補強板３００を示す斜視図であり，図１７は，変更例２にかかる３枚用の補強板３００を示す斜視図である。また，図１８および図１９は，変更例２にかかる３枚用の補強板３００が取り付けられた化粧板１を示す側面図および斜視図である。
【０１３５】
図１６および図１７に示すように，補強板３００は，化粧板１を補強するための例えば板状の部材であり，例えば，鉄板，ステンレス板または銅板等の平板状の金属板などを，折り曲げ加工などして形成される。このように，補強板３００に金属板を使用する場合には，例えば，厚さが０．０５ｍｍ〜０．４ｍｍの薄い金属板であることが好ましいが，大きい化粧板１や素材強度の弱い化粧板１を用いる場合には，例えば，更に厚い２ｍｍ低度の材料を使う事もできる。また，補強板３００に金属板を使用する場合には，例えば，化粧板１の石材との熱膨張率の差が少ない材質の金属板を使うのことが好ましいが，例えば，金属板の全方向にランダムな凹凸を付けて金属の伸び強度を減らす，或いは，接着剤の種類も弾性接着材とするなど，予め化粧板１と補強板３００の熱膨張率の差を予測して対策しておくのもよい。
【０１３６】
なお，補強板３００は，上記金属平板以外にも，例えば，網状の金属板や布状の材料，或いは，吸水性の低いハードボードや，金属の押し出し成形品などからでも製造する事ができる。また，樹脂の押し出し成形品で製造することもできる。
【０１３７】
図１６に示す補強板３００は，例えば１枚の化粧板１を補強するためのものであり，例えば１枚の化粧板１の裏面形状に略相似する底面部５２を有する。また，図１７に示す補強板３００は，例えば３枚の化粧板１を同時に補強するためのものであり，例えば３枚の化粧板１の裏面形状に略相似する底面部５２を有する。
【０１３８】
いずれの補強板３００も，例えば，底面部５２の上辺から略垂直に立ち上がる上側立ち上げ部５４と，底面部５２の下辺から略垂直に立ち上がる下側立ち上げ部５５とを備え，これらの底面部５２，上側立ち上げ部５４および下側立ち上げ部５５は一体形成されている。また，かかる上側立ち上げ部５４および下側立ち上げ部５５の立ち上げ高さは，例えば化粧板１の厚さに応じて決定される。
【０１３９】
重ね合わせ部５３は，例えば，化粧板１を接着剤等で張り合わせるときに，隣の化粧板１の下になる領域である。また，上側立ち上げ部５４は，例えば，この重ね合わせ部５３に相当する部分が切り取られている。また，下側立ち上げ部５５には，上記重ね合わせ部５３に相当する部分に切り込み５６が形成されている。なお，補強板３００は，上側立ち上げ部５４および下側立ち上げ部５５を，必ずしも具備しなくとも良い。
【０１４０】
図１８および図１９には，化粧板１を複数枚貼り合わせる場合の補強板３００の一例を示す。この例では，例えば，上記３枚用の補強板３００に，３枚の化粧板１を連続して取り付けている例を示している。
【０１４１】
かかる取り付け時には，例えば，補強板３００の内側に接着剤５８を塗布し，次いで，この補強板３００の内側に，予め決められた所定幅の重ね合わせ部５３を残して，例えば３枚の化粧板１が接着される。
【０１４２】
かかる補強板３００を化粧板１に取り付けることにより，化粧板１の強度を高めることができる。このため，例えば，薄い化粧板１を用いることができ，また，壁面施工時の取り扱い性がよくなるという利点がある。さらに，上記上側および下側立ち上げ部５４，５５を設けることで，化粧板１を取り付けた状態での強度をより高めることができる。
【０１４３】
また，上側立ち上げ部５４は，重ね合わせ部５３に相当する部分が切り取られている。このため，例えば，図１９に示すような１つの補強板３００に固定された３枚の化粧板１を１つのユニットとし，このユニットを上記第１の実施形態の壁面施工法（図５参照）で複数連接していくときに，上側立ち上げ部５４が邪魔になることなく，隣接するユニット同士を好適に組み合わせることができる。
【０１４４】
また，下側立ち上げ部５５の切り込み５６は，化粧板１の厚さのバラツキを吸収する働きをするためのものであり，厚みの精度が高い化粧板１の場合には当該切り込み５６を設けなくても良い。また，補強板３００において重ね合わせ部５３を設ける位置は，例えば，施工方向の関係から，図１９での左側のみ，または左右対称などとすることもできるのは言うまでもない。また，重ね合わせ部５３を設けなくてもよい。
【０１４５】
この補強板３００の長さは，補強する化粧板１の枚数および長さに応じて自由に決めることができる。また，例えば，補強板３００の長さを予め決めておき，長さや材質等の異なる複数種類の化粧板１を組み合わせて，組み品として作る事もできる。また，補強板３００は，施工順序に応じた施工性を考慮して，例えば，左右対称な形状にすることもできる。なお，化粧板１は，例えば，充分な厚さと強度がある場合には，上記のような補強板３００を貼り付けないで直に化粧板固定部材１００に取り付けることもできる。
【０１４６】
次に，図２０〜図２２に基づいて，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図２０は，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図２１は，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が，補強板３００が取り付けられた化粧板１を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。また，図２２は，変更例２にかかる別の態様の化粧板固定部材１００を示す断面図である。
【０１４７】
図２０に示すように，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば１枚の金属板を折り曲げ加工等して形成されており，掛止部３，連結部２，バネ部５，基底部４および固定板８等が一体形成されている。バネ部５ｂは，基底部４の端部を部分的に折り返して形成されており，一方，双方が，バネ部５ａは，固定板８の端部を部分的に折り返して形成されている。
【０１４８】
図２１に示すように，この化粧板固定部材１００は，上記のようにして補強板３００が取り付けられた化粧板１を好適に固定できる。具体的には，上記バネ部５ａおよびバネ部５ｂが補強板３００を押し上げることで，化粧板１表面の両端部が掛止部３の掛かり代に押し付けられる。これにより，補強板３００付の化粧板１が掛止部３とバネ部５との間に挟持される。このとき，バネ部５は補強板３００と接触しているので，化粧板１が傷つけられることがない。
【０１４９】
また，この化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，２つの通水孔４０，４１が形成されている点に特徴がある。より詳細には，例えば，掛止部３の近傍の連結部２には，略円形状等の通水孔４０が貫通形成されており，また，掛止部３の例えば下側の掛かり代には，略円形状等の通水孔４１が貫通形成されている。かかる構成により，図２１に示すように，例えば，化粧板１と壁面９との間で連結部２より上側の領域に溜まった水分が，通水孔４０および通水孔４１を通って，掛止部３下側の化粧板１の表面側に流出できる。
【０１５０】
さらに，バネ部５ｂ側（例えば設置方向上方側）において，基底部４と固定板８とが連結する部分の金属板を折り曲げた折返し部３８が設けられている。また，連結部２と基底部４との連結部分に，例えば傾斜面部７７を設けることにより，その内部に毛細管現象を止めるための水切り空間部３９が形成されている。このような折返し部３８および水切り空間部３９などを設けることにより，例えば，化粧板１と壁面９との間の水分が，化粧板固定部材１００を構成する金属板間の隙間を，毛細管現象によって上昇などして，建造物の壁面９側に浸入する事を防止できる。
【０１５１】
このように，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材１００は，排水性および建造物側への水の遮断性に優れるので，建造物の外壁や，水を多用する室内の壁などに好適に適用できる。図２１では，化粧板１の裏面に補強板３００が接着剤等で貼り合わせられた一例を示すが，化粧板固定部材１００が外壁材として使用された場合，特に冬季において建造物の内部から浸透してくる水蒸気が，化粧板１付近で冷却され凝縮して水滴となる。しかし，上記化粧板固定部材１００の通水孔４０，４１，折返し部３８および水切り空間部３９などが作用することにより，この水滴を，内部に浸入させることなく，外部に好適に排出できる。
【０１５２】
また，化粧板１の表面を加工する前に，補強板３００を化粧板１に接着すると，表面の平坦度が向上するため，化粧板１をさらに薄く加工し，仕上げることができる。その結果，化粧板１の全重量を低減することができる。
【０１５３】
また，図２２には，通水孔を備えた化粧板固定部材１００の別の変更例を示す。図２２に示すように，この化粧板固定部材１００では，掛止部３付近に上記と同様に通水孔４０，４１が形成されている。また，折返し部３８は，例えば，上側の基底部４の下に入り込まない程度に立ち上げ，水滴が逆流しないように立ち下げられるようにして，形成されている。さらに，例えば，連結部２と基底部４との間には，毛細管現象を防止するための水切り空間部３９が，例えば傾斜面部７７などを設けることによって形成されている。これらにより，また建造物の外壁や，水を多用する室内の壁などに適用できる。また，例えば，バネ部５ａが下側の基底部４と一体形成されている。なお，図示はしないが，例えば，バネ部５ａと反対側に，上記のようなバネ部５ｂを折り曲げ形成，あるいは切り起こし形成しても，勿論よい。
【０１５４】
（変更例３）
次に，図２３に基づいて，変更例３にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。なお，図２３は，変更例３にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す側面図である。
【０１５５】
図２３に示すように，化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，掛止部３と，連結部２と，基底部４と，バネ部５ａ，５ｂと，このバネ部５ａ，５ｂを保持・固定するバネホルダー部６ａ，６ｂと，からなる。
【０１５６】
この化粧板固定部材１００において，例えば，掛止部３，連結部２，基底部４，固定板８およびバネホルダー部６が一体形成されており，例えば，上記と同様な金属板などをロール成形して形成される。これらの部分は，強度を高めるために厚さの厚いものを使う事ができる。固定板８は，例えば両側に設けられている。また，基底部４をプレス等により切り起こすことにより，バネホルダー部６ａ，６ｂ（以下ではバネホルダー部６と総称する場合もある。）が両側に設けられている。このバネホルダー部６ａ，６ｂには，バネ部５ａ，５ｂをそれぞれ保持・固定する。
【０１５７】
一方，バネ部５は，これらの部分とは別体に構成されており，例えば，弾力性（バネ性）に優れた薄い金属材料などから形成されている。このバネ部５は，バネホルダー部６にそれぞれ挿入され，このバネホルダー部６を潰すことで，バネ部５がバネホルダー部６に保持される。
【０１５８】
このように，バネ部５と，それ以外の部分との材質を変え，双方を連結して用いることにより，それぞれの機能に適した材質および形状とすることができるので，有益である。
【０１５９】
（変更例４）
次に，変更例４にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１６０】
まず，図２４および図２５に基づいて，変更例４にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図２４は，変更例４にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。なお，図２５は，変更例４にかかる化粧板固定部材１００の別の態様を示す斜視図である。
【０１６１】
図２４に示す化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，掛止部３及び基底部４が一体形成された部材７０と，両側にバネ部５ａ，５ｂを備えた一体バネ部材７１と，一側端にハゼ折り部１９が形成された固定板８という３部材から構成されている。この３つの部材は，例えば，基底部４においてスポット溶接７３等で一体に接合されている。かかる構成により，部材７０に比較硬質な材質を用いたとしてもロール成形が容易であり，また，バネ部５の金属材としてバネ性のある材料を用いることができ，さらに，固定板８の材質には比較的軟らかい材料（軟鋼板など）を用いることができる。このように，化粧板固定部材１００を構成する各部を分離形成した上で接合することで，各部材にそれぞれの機能に応じた材質を適用することができる。
【０１６２】
また，図２５に示す化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，掛止部３及び基底部４が一体形成された部材７０と，一側にバネ部５を，他側にハゼ折り部１９を備えた固定板８という２部材から構成される。この２つの部材は，例えば，一側の基底部４において，リベット７４等で一体に接合されている。なお，この２つの部材は，例えば，接着剤等により貼り合わせて接合されてもよい。
【０１６３】
上記図２４および図２５に示したように，連続形成された一体バネ部材７１や，固定板８を有する化粧板固定部材１００を使用することにより，雨水等に対する防水性を高めることができる。
【０１６４】
（変更例５）
次に，変更例５にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１６５】
ここで，図２６および図２８に基づいて，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。なお，図２６は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図２７は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材の固定スペーサ６５，６６を示す斜視図である。また，図２８は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【０１６６】
図２６に示すように，化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，異形押し出し金属材から形成されており，掛止部３と，固定板８と，バネホルダー部６ａ，６ｂとが一体形成されている。さらに，バネホルダー部６ａ，６ｂの内部に，それぞれ，バネ性に富む材質で薄く形成されたバネ部５ａ，５ｂが装着されている。なお，この化粧板固定部材１００は，合成樹脂等で同様に製造できる事は言うまでもない。また，樹脂や金属等の異形押し出し品として形成された化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，ともに，固定板８の肉厚を他の部分より薄くすることが好ましい。
【０１６７】
また，図２７に示すように，固定スペーサ６５，６６は，例えば，略円柱形状若しくは略円筒形状のコロ部材である。なお，固定スペーサ６５，６６の断面形状は，図示した円形状またはパイプ状に限定されず，例えば，四角形，三角形，楕円，など任意の形状であてもよい。
【０１６８】
この固定スペーサ６５は，例えば，図２８に示すように，傾斜面部７７と化粧板１裏面との隙間に挿入されて，化粧板１を押し上げる機能を有する。また，固定スペーサ６６は，例えば，バネ部５の内側に挿入されて，バネ部５を押し上げる機能を有する。このように固定スペーサ６５，６６および傾斜面部７７は，上記バネ部５と同様に，本実施形態にかかる化粧板押し上げ機構として構成されている。
【０１６９】
このような構成の化粧板固定部材１００を用いることにより，例えば補強板３００付きの化粧板１を壁面９により安定的に固定することができる。詳細には，下側の化粧板１は，例えば，バネ部５ａと，固定スペーサ６６とによって押し上げられ，掛止部３の下側の掛かり代に押圧される。一方，上側の化粧板１は，例えば，バネ部５ｂと，傾斜面部７７および固定スペーサ６５とによって押し上げられ，掛止部３の上側の掛かり代に押圧される。このような固定スペーサ６５，６６により，化粧板１が表面側から押された時でも，化粧板１が後退しないようにできる。なお，固定スペーサ６５は，例えば，化粧板１の補強板３００の背面と，傾斜面７７との間に，化粧板１設置の都度挿入される。また，同様に，固定スペーサ６６をバネ部５ａの内側に挿入しておくと，化粧板１がより強固に固定できる。
【０１７０】
なお，化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，その長手方向を略水平方向にして壁面９に取り付けられるときには，例えば急に形成した傾斜面部７７に固定スペーサ６５を押し込むことにより，バネ部５ｂを設けないようにしてもよい。また，例えば，金属板等をロール成形して，化粧板固定部材１００を図２０や図２２の如き形状にした場合であっても，化粧板押し上げ機構として固定スペーサ６５および傾斜面部７７等を利用することにより，バネ部５を省略することができる。
【０１７１】
（変更例６）
次に，図２９〜図３０に基づいて，変更例６にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。なお，図２９は，変更例６にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を示す斜視図である。また，図３０は，変更例６にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【０１７２】
図２９に示す化粧板固定部材１００は，例えば，掛止部３，傾斜面部７７及び基底部４が一体形成された部材７６と，一側にバネ部５ａを，他側にハゼ折り部１９を備えた固定板８という２部材から構成される。この２つの部材は，例えば，一側の基底部４において，スポット溶接７３等で一体に接合されている。なお，この２つの部材は，例えば，リベット若しくは接着剤等により接合されてもよい。
【０１７３】
図３０に示すように，例えば，不陸の大きい壁面９のくぼんだ面に事前にネジ釘８０等で水平に固定された化粧板固定部材１００に対して，化粧板１が石板サイディングとして取り付けられている。この石板サイディングは，例えば，化粧板１に貼り付けられた補強板３００の裏面に断熱材シート７９を粘着材等で貼り付けたものである。このように，補強板３００の裏面に結露防止用のシート，例えば，ウレタンフォームシートやポリエチレンフォームシート等からなる断熱材シート７９を接着することで，化粧板１を外壁材などとして利用することもできる。また，壁面９に若干の不陸があっても，固定板８が不陸に応じて好適に撓んで固定されるので，施工された化粧板１の面一の精度を高めることができる。
【０１７４】
また，例えば，化粧板１（石板サイディング）を化粧板固定部材１００に取り付ける毎に，固定スペーサ６５を，傾斜面部７７と補強板３００との間に断熱材シート７９を押し潰すようにして挿入することで，化粧板１を安定的に固定することができる。また，例えば，バネ部５ａ内部に固定スペーサ６６を挿入することで，バネ部５ａのたわみ量を制限し，表面側に外力が加わった場合に化粧板１が押し戻されないように作用する。断熱材シート７９と，バネ部５ａ若しくは傾斜面部７７との位置関係を事前に調整しておく事により，より水密性の高い外壁を構成できる。また，補強板３００の裏面に上記のような断熱材シート７９を貼り付けることにより，更に防水性を高めることができる。
【０１７５】
（変更例７）
次に，変更例７にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板１および化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１７６】
まず，図３１に基づいて，変更例７にかかる化粧板１について説明する。なお，図３１（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ）は，変更例７にかかる化粧板１を示す斜視図，側面図，正面図である。
【０１７７】
図３１（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ）に示すように，化粧板１は，例えば，両端面に，掛止部用溝５９が形成されている。この掛止部用溝５９は，変更例７にかかる被係止部として構成されている。この掛止部用溝５９は，図３１（ｂ）に示すように，例えば，その断面形状が略コの字型となるように，化粧板１の端面を切り欠いて形成されている。この掛止部用溝５９の深さや及び幅は，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３の形状および大きさと対応するように調整されている。また，この掛止部用溝５９を形成する位置は，複数の化粧板１について，例えば，化粧板１の表面から略同一の位置となるように形成することが好ましい。これにより，設置された複数の化粧板１の表面を好適に面合わせできる。
【０１７８】
かかる掛止部用溝５９は，変更例７にかかる化粧板１の被係止部として構成されている。かかる掛止部用溝５９には，挿入された当該掛止部３が引っ掛けられて，双方が好適に係合してずれることがない。このため，化粧板固定部材１００は，化粧板１を安定かつ好適に固定することができる。
【０１７９】
なお，この掛止部用溝５９は，その断面形状は上記のような略コの字型の例に限定されず，例えば，略Ｕ字形，略半円型，略Ｖ字形など任意の形状であってもよい。
【０１８０】
また，図３１（ａ），（ｃ）に示すように，化粧板１は，例えば，表面側のもう一方の両側端部に，断面が例えば略傾斜面状の面取り部５７が形成されている。この面取り部５７を設けることにより，化粧板１同士が接触して破損することを防止できるとともに，施工後の仕上がり面に立体感が生まれ，意匠性を高めることができる。
【０１８１】
次に，図３２に基づいて，変更例７にかかる化粧板固定部材１００について詳細に説明する。また，図３２は，変更例７にかかる化粧板固定部材１００が，化粧板１を壁面９に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【０１８２】
図３２に示すように，変更例７にかかる化粧板固定部材１００は，上記第２の実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００と略同一であるのでその説明は省略する（図８等参照）。
【０１８３】
この化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３は，図３２に示すように，その両側が上記のような化粧板１の掛止部用溝５９に挿入された状態で，両側の化粧板１を掛止している。また，化粧板１の裏面からはバネ部５ａ，５ｂが化粧板１を押し上げている。かかる構成により，掛止部３の掛かり代とバネ部５ａ，５ｂとの間で，化粧板１の端部の一部（例えば，化粧板１の裏面から掛止部用溝５９までの部分）を好適に挟持・固定できる。また，複数の化粧板１について，掛止部用溝５９が化粧板１の表面から略同一の箇所に形成されているので，化粧板固定部材１００によって挟持・固定された複数の化粧板１の表面を，高精度で面合わせでき，美しい仕上がり面を施工できる。
【０１８４】
また，上記掛止部用溝５９の深さと，掛止部３の掛かり代の大きさを調整することにより，掛止部３の仕上がり表面側に見える部分の幅（即ち，相隣接する化粧板１の隙間の幅）を，連結部２の金属板２枚程度以上の任意の幅に調整できる。例えば，掛止部用溝５９の深さを，掛止部３の掛かり代の略全部が挿入可能なほど十分深くすることで，例えば，上記隙間の幅を極めて小さく（連結部２の金属板２枚程度等）することができ，施工された仕上がり面上では掛止部３の表面がほとんど見えないようにできる。
【０１８５】
このように，変更例７にかかる掛止部用溝５９付きの化粧板１と，化粧板固定部材１００を用いることにより，隣接する化粧板１の隙間を好適に調整することができる。さらに，この変更例７にかかる壁面施工アセンブリと，上記説明したような壁面施工アセンブリとを組み合わせることで，化粧板貼り壁面のデザインの多様性の要請に応えることができる。
【０１８６】
（変更例８）
次に，変更例８にかかる壁面施工アセンブリの化粧板固定部材１００について説明する。
【０１８７】
ここでは，図３３に基づいて，変更例８にかかる化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３について詳細に説明する。なお，図３３は，変更例８にかかる化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３の形状の変更例を示す側面図である。
【０１８８】
図３３に示すように，掛止部３の形状は，化粧板１の端部を掛止可能な形状であれば，多様に変更することができる。例えば，掛止部３の表面側（外部に現れる側）の断面形状は，略円弧上（図３３（ａ），（ｅ）），略平面状（図３３（ｃ），（ｄ），（ｆ）），山型形状（図３３（ｂ））などとすることができる。また，掛止部３の断面形状は，例えば，図３３（ａ）〜（ｄ）のように左右対称であっても，また，図３３（ｅ）〜（ｆ）のように左右非対称であってもよい。
【０１８９】
さらに，図３３（ａ），（ｂ）および（ｅ）等に示すように，掛止部３の上面を略平坦ではなく例えば略曲面状等にすれば，例えば横目地が化粧板１より盛り上がったような外観となり，例えば略額縁状の金属目地を形成できる。
【０１９０】
また，掛止部３の表面は，例えば，表面側に現れる金属目地部となる部分であるので，意匠性を向上するために，この掛止部３に例えば樹脂製のフィルムカバー２１を取り付けたり（図３３（ｄ）），各種のコーティング加工，エンボス加工等を施したりしてもよい。このために，例えば，樹脂フィルムやテープ等を化粧板固定部材１００もしくは目地部材２００の材料となる金属板等に事前に貼り付けておく事もできる。また，例えば，施工後にテープ状のものを掛止部３等に貼り付けて施工する事もできる。一例としては，図３３（ｄ）に示すように，フィルムカバー２１は，例えば，粘着剤等を使って掛止部３の裏側まで巻きつけるのが好適である。
【０１９１】
以上，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリ，壁面施工方法，これらの変更例について説明した。
【０１９２】
従来では，建造物の壁面９に石板等の化粧板１を，アンカーボルトや接着剤を使って取り付け，その目地部にシール剤を詰めて施工していた。このため，化粧板１の合わせ加工や厚さ調整を伴うためには，石工の専門施工が必要であるとともに，シール剤の目地施工は現地加工が主であるので，施工手間が長時間となり，その手間代が高価なものであった。しかし，本実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材１００を使用した金属目地工法では，大工や板金加工が出来る職人であれば施工することができ，壁面施工現場での施工手間，施工時間を大幅に低減できる。
【０１９３】
さらに，上記化粧板固定部材１００を用いることにより，バネ部５，傾斜面部７７および固定スペーサ６５，６６等で構成された化粧板押し上げ機構の作用により，化粧板１を，裏面側から押し上げて掛止部３の掛かり代に押圧することができる。このため，化粧板１の厚さにバラツキがある場合であっても，掛止部３の掛かり代の高さレベルを一定にしておくことにより，連接した化粧板１の表面レベルを合わせることができる。従って，施工された化粧板１の仕上がり面を，容易に面一にすることができる。
【０１９４】
また，上記の壁面施工アセンブリで施工された壁面は，化粧板１の隙間から接着剤やアンカーボルト等が見えることがないので美観に優れる。また，金属目地加工されているので，耐候性，耐久性なども優れる。さらに，化粧板固定部材１００または目地部材２００は容易に取り付けることができるため，目地加工の簡便化，施工能率の向上，施工コストの削減が図れる。
【０１９５】
また，従来方法では，接着剤の劣化や地震等による外力で化粧板１が破損して落下する危険性があった。しかし，本実施形態では，化粧板１の両側端部を化粧板固定部材１００で把持し壁面９に好適に固定できる。また，化粧板１の目地部を例えば２本の金属製の化粧板固定部材１００で保護・固定することにより，外力が加わっても化粧板１に割れが発生し難く，化粧板１が剥離して落下することを好適に防止できる。
【０１９６】
また，例えば，金属で目地部を形成することにより，金属の腐食強度の強い素材を使う事によって目地部の劣化を抑制することができる。このため，目地部の寿命が大幅に延びる。
【０１９７】
構築物の壁面９に貼り上げる化粧板１，化粧板固定部材１００，および目地部材２００は，ともに，予め工場生産することができる。このため，一定の目地寸法にて精度を高めて生産することが容易に可能となる。
【０１９８】
化粧板１に接する金属目地部の側面に，例えば軟質の樹脂テープ等を貼り付けておくことにより，水密性を向上できる。また，隙間部７を有する化粧板固定部材１００の弾力性や，目地部材２００の弾力性によって，金属の弾性変形の範囲内であれば，化粧板１と建造物壁面材の熱膨張率の差による寸法変化を十分に吸収することができる。このため，例えば，化粧板固定部材１００間に化粧板１が密接して収まるように施工したとき（上記第２の実施形態の壁面施工方法の場合等）に，熱膨張差による化粧板１の変形や割れを防止できる。
【０１９９】
また，隙間部７の寸法を，建造物が地震などで受ける寸法変形を吸収できるように事前に設定しておくことにより，地震発生時等に化粧板１が破損することも防止できる。
【０２００】
従来方法による壁面の仕上がり寸法は，少ないものでも約４０ｍｍ程度であったが，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工工法では，例えば，約１２ｍｍまで低減できる。このため，化粧板１を室内の壁面に施工した場合，建物に占める有効床面積を広げることができる。また，化粧板１に補強板３００を取り付けることにより，化粧板１の強度が向上するだけでなく，化粧板１の厚さを薄くすることができるため，壁面の仕上がり寸法を更に低減できるという効果もある。
【０２０１】
本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法を展示場の内装などに採用した場合，化粧板１の交換が容易かつ迅速になる。また，化粧板１を再利用する際にも，化粧板１の破損を低減できるので，資源の有効活用を図ることができる。
【０２０２】
また，化粧板固定部材１００は，上記のような通水孔４０，４１，折返し部３８，および水切り空間部３９などを設けることで，雨水等の排水性および遮断性等に優れるものとなる。このため，この化粧板固定部材１００は，内壁用としては勿論のこと，外壁用としても十分に対応できる。
【０２０３】
化粧板１の裏面に補強板３００として金属板や樹脂フィルム等を接着する事により，外力を受けた際に化粧板１が破損して飛散する事を防止できる。また，例えば，補強板３００と化粧板固定部材１００とを併用することで，化粧板１をより薄い物にすることが可能で，建造物の壁材重量を低減することができる。
【０２０４】
例えば，補強板３００を予め決められた長さの物にし，複数枚の化粧板１を組み品として事前に工場生産しておくことが可能となる。このため，施工コストを低減できる。
【０２０５】
補強板３００を透水性が低い材料で製作することにより，例えば，外部から雨水等が化粧板１内側に浸入することなどを，好適に防止することができる。さらに，壁面施工時において，例えば，重ね合わせ部５３にシール剤を塗布することにより，防水性を更に高めることができる。
【０２０６】
補強板３００の裏面に断熱材シート７９を貼付した化粧板１と，連続したバネ部５を有する化粧板固定部材１００とを外壁用に使用することにより，防水性の高い外壁を施工することができ，特に，寒冷地等において，化粧板１と壁面９との間の内部空間における結露を防止することができる。
【０２０７】
また，例えば，建造物の壁面９で化粧板固定部材１００が固定される部分（被固定部）の一部に，通気用の溝等を設けることにより，化粧板１と壁面９との間にできる空間部を活用して，化粧板１内側の通気性を確保できる。このため，通気性を確保した工法で壁面を施工できるため，上記壁面内部の結露を好適に防止することができる。
【０２０８】
このように，本実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法は，建造物の外壁に使用する時，例えば，外断熱工法において断熱材の保護用に使用することもできる。さらに，化粧板固定部材１００を使用して，補強板３００を貼り付けた状態の化粧板１を施工すると，建物からの水蒸気の透過と雨水の浸透による壁面の内部の結露問題を改善できる。また，冬季等には，化粧板１の背面に結露が発生するが，補強板３００により化粧板１への浸透を防止し，外断熱表面との空間部において通気工法で仕上げる事ができ，結露した水滴が断熱材を濡らさないように施工できる。
【０２０９】
以上，添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態について説明したが，本発明はかかる例に限定されない。当業者であれば，特許請求の範囲に記載された技術的思想の範疇内において各種の変更例または修正例に想到し得ることは明らかであり，それらについても当然に本発明の技術的範囲に属するものと了解される。
【０２１０】
例えば，上記実施形態では，化粧板１は略長方形（矩形）状を有していたが，かかる例に限定されない。化粧板１は，例えば，平行四辺形，菱形，台形，丸形，楕円形など任意の形状であってもよい。ただし，化粧板固定部材１００によって掛止・固定される両側端部が略平行な形状であることが好ましい。例えば，化粧板１が略台形状である場合には，当該台形の平行な対辺を例えば当該両側端部とすることが好ましい。この場合には，例えば縦目地が，例えば略垂直方向ではなく傾斜した方向の目地となる。
【０２１１】
また，上記実施形態では，化粧板１として，石板を利用した例を説明したが，かかる例に限定されず，化粧板１は，スレート板，コンクリート板，ガラス板，セラミック板，窯業系サイディングなど各種の建築用壁材で構成することができる。
【０２１２】
また上記実施形態では，化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００は，例えば，鉄板やステンレス板や銅板などの金属板をロール成形等して形成されたが，かかる例に限定されず，金属材料，合成樹脂材料などの素材を異形押し出し加工などして形成してもよい。
【０２１３】
また，補強板３００は，例えば，鉄板やステンレス板や銅板など金属の板状の製品から製作した物でもよく，網状の金属板や布状の材料でも，また，吸水性の少ないハードボードや金属の押し出し成形品でも製作することができる。また，合成樹脂の押し出し成形品で製作することもできる
【０２１４】
また，上記実施形態では，化粧板固定部材１００，目地部材２００を金属製とし，仕上がり面に金属目地部が形成されるように施工したが，本発明はかかる例に限定されない。例えば，化粧板固定部材１００または目地部材２００を，例えば，プラスチック等の各種合成樹脂，木材，石材，ガラス，石綿セメント，セラミック，石膏ボードまたは窯業材など各種の素材で形成してもよい。木材としては，例えば焼杉板，鎧貼りした板に塗装したものなどである。窯業材とは，例えば，木材チップ，化学繊維，カーボン繊維などとセメントを混ぜて固めたものなどである。プラスチック材とは例えばＰＶＣやＰＰ材などである。
【０２１５】
また，上記実施形態では，化粧板固定部材１００は，ネジ釘８０等を用いて壁面９に設置・固定されていたが，かかる例に限定されず，例えば，接着剤，両面テープ，ウレタンフォーム発泡体，ビス，ボルト及びナットなどを用いて，設置してもよい。
【０２１６】
また，上記実施形態では，目地部材２００は，断面が略コの字形，略Ｕ字型等であったが，本発明はかかる例に限定されない。目地部材２００は，相隣接する化粧板１の隙間に嵌合可能であれば，各種の形状とすることができる。また，目地部材２００の目地表面部２０２に，例えばテープまたはフィルムなどを，事前にまたは施工後に貼り付けてもよい。さらに，このテープまたはフィルムに，模様や色彩などを施して，目地部の意匠性を高めてもよい。また，目地部材２００を構成する金属板そのものにエンボス加工またはコーティング加工などを施し，意匠性の向上を図ることもできる。
【０２１７】
また，目地部材２００の張出部２０６は，略Ｌ字形，突起状，湾曲形状など各種の断面形状を有するように形成してもよい。また，目地部材２００は，上記張出部２０６を必ずしも備えなくともよい。また，目地部材２００は，上記のような突起部２０８も必ずしも具備しなくともよい。
【０２１８】
例えば，目地部材２００が，突起部２０８のみを有する場合には，その両端を，化粧板固定部材１００の掛止部３に引っ掛けて，相隣接する化粧板１の隙間内に十分安定的に固定される。
【０２１９】
また，目地部材２００が，張出部２０６のみを有する場合には，例えば両側の張出部２０６を化粧板１の裏面に掛止させて，当該隙間内に十分安定的に固定される。なお，この場合には，施工時に，目地部材２００を後付けしてもよい。即ち，化粧板固定部材１００と化粧板１とを例えば複数組み合わせて，化粧板１を貼り合わせた後に，目地部材２００をそれぞれの化粧板１の隙間に嵌め込んでもよい。これにより，目地部材２００の設置に要する手間と時間を低減できる。
【０２２０】
また，壁面施工アセンブリとして目地部材２００を必ずしも設けなくてもよく，例えば縦目地を金属目地で構成しないようにしてもよい。この場合，目地部材２００の代わりに，例えば，弾力性のある樹脂成形品や，弾力性の高い合成ゴム板などを使用することも可能である。また，例えば，目地部材２００の代用品として，化粧板１の隙間に何も用いることなく，そのままの仕上げとしても良い。また，この場合には，相隣接する化粧板１間には，例えば微小な隙間（幅が例えば１ｍｍ程度）を設けることが好ましい。このような構成により，化粧板１が熱膨張した際に，上記微小な隙間でかかる膨張量を吸収できるので，化粧板１同士が干渉して破損，脱落することがない。この微小な隙間の幅は，化粧板１の素材や大きさなどに依存する化粧板１の膨張・収縮率に応じて調整することが好ましい。さらに，かかる微小な隙間には，例えば，シール剤を充填したり，軟質樹脂成形品を挿入したりしてもよい。
【０２２１】
また，上記実施形態では，施工後の目地部は，化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００の上面を露出させた金属目地としたが，本発明は，かかる例に限定されない。例えば，化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００の厚さを調整して，掛止部用切り欠き２０と掛止部３上面で囲まれるスペース，または化粧板１側面と目地部材２００上面とで囲まれるスペースを確保することで，かかるスペースにシール剤などを充填してもよい。これにより，化粧板固定部材１００および目地部材２００と化粧板１との隙間をシール剤などで埋めることができる。即ち，例えば，金属目地の上にさらにシール加工できるので，目地部からの雨水等の進入を防止でき，化粧板貼り壁面の耐久性がより高まる。また，この場合のシール剤の消費量は，従来の目地部のシール加工に要する消費量と比して，大幅に削減できる。
【０２２２】
また，化粧板１の側面に，例えば，軟質の樹脂テープ，発泡ウレタン等を貼り付けて挿入しておくことで，化粧板固定部材１００または目地部材２００と化粧板１側面との隙間をふさぎ，水密性を向上できる。
【０２２３】
また，上記実施形態では，横貼り方式の壁面施工であったため，掛止部材３０が横目地，目地部材２００が縦目地を構成したが，かかる例に限定されない。例えば，縦貼り方式の壁面施工を行うことで，掛止部材３０が縦目地，目地部材２００が横目地を構成するようにしてもよい。また，化粧板１が例えば台形である場合には，目地部材２００が斜め方向の目地を構成することもできる。
【０２２４】
また，上記実施形態では，上記のような化粧板１を左から右に貼り上げて行く横貼り方式の施工方法について説明したが，かかる例に限定されず，例えば，縦貼り方式などでもよい。具体的には，複数の化粧板固定部材１００をその長手方向が垂直方向となるように壁面９の右又は左端部を基準に上記と同様のピッチで設置し，化粧板１を縦方向に積み上げるように順次施工することもできる。この場合には，連結部２と化粧板１との挿入用隙間５０には，化粧板１を嵌め込む度に１個ずつ木片や弾力のある樹脂棒等のくさびや，接着剤などを挿入して，化粧板１が横移動する事を防止するようにしてもよい。
【０２２５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように，本発明によれば，化粧板の仕上がり表面の面合わせを，容易かつ高精度で行うことができる。また，薄い化粧板を利用して，建造物壁面からの仕上がり寸法を薄くできるので，建物の有効内容積を確保することができる。また，化粧板の端部を掛止部で引っ掛けて固定するので，より安定的に化粧板を壁面に固定できる。このため，長期間の使用によっても化粧板の剥離や落下を防止できる。また，化粧板間の目地部の施工が容易で，耐久性も高いだけでなく，シール剤の使用量を低減することもできる。
【０２２６】
従って，化粧板貼り壁面施工を大幅に迅速化および容易化できるとともに，仕上がり面の質および寿命も向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は，第１の実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図２】図２は，第１の実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材が化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図３】図３は，第１の実施形態にかかる目地部材を示す斜視図である。
【図４】図４は，第１の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図５】図５は，第１の実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法によって施工されている壁面の態様を示す斜視図である。
【図６】図６は，第２の実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図７】図７は，図６の化粧板固定部材を作成する際の加工工程中の半製品を示す側面図である。
【図８】図８は，第２の実施形態にかかる化粧板固定部材が化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図９】図９は，第２の実施形態にかかる目地部材を示す斜視図である。
【図１０】図１０は，第２の実施形態の変更例にかかる目地部材を示す斜視図である。
【図１１】図１１は，第２の実施形態にかかる壁面施工アセンブリを用いた壁面施工方法を示すフローチャートである。
【図１２】図１２は，第２の実施形態にかかる壁面施工方法によって施工されている壁面の態様を示す斜視図である。
【図１３】図１３（ａ），（ｂ），（ｃ）は，変更例１にかかる化粧板を示す斜視図，側面図，正面図である。
【図１４】図１４は，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図１５】図１５は，変更例１にかかる化粧板固定部材が化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図１６】図１６は，変更例２にかかる１枚用の補強板を示す斜視図である。
【図１７】図１７は，変更例２にかかる３枚用の補強板を示す斜視図である。
【図１８】図１８は，変更例２にかかる３枚用の補強板が取り付けられた化粧板を示す側面図である。
【図１９】図１９は，変更例２にかかる３枚用の補強板が取り付けられた化粧板を示す斜視図である。
【図２０】図２０は，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図２１】図２１は，変更例２にかかる化粧板固定部材が，補強板が取り付けられた化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図２２】図２２は，変更例２にかかる別の態様の化粧板固定部材を示す断面図である。
【図２３】図２３は，変更例３にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す側面図である。
【図２４】図２４は，変更例４にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図２５】図２５は，変更例４にかかる化粧板固定部材の別の態様を示す斜視図である。
【図２６】図２６は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図２７】図２７は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材の固定スペーサを示す斜視図である。
【図２８】図２８は，変更例５にかかる化粧板固定部材が化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図２９】図２９は，変更例６にかかる化粧板固定部材を示す斜視図である。
【図３０】図３０は，変更例６にかかる化粧板固定部材が化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図３１】図３１は，変更例７にかかる化粧板を示す斜視図，側面図，正面図である。
【図３２】図３２は，変更例７にかかる化粧板固定部材が，化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【図３３】図３３は，変更例８にかかる化粧板固定部材の掛止部３の形状の変更例を示す側面図である。
【図３４】図３４は，従来の乾式工法により，化粧板を壁面に固定する態様を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１：化粧板
２：連結部
３：掛止部
４：基底部
５：バネ部
５ａ，５ｂ：バネ部
６：バネホルダー部
６ａ，６ｂ：バネホルダー部
７：隙間部
８：固定板
９：壁面
１６：潰し部
１９：ハゼ折り部
２１：フィルムカバー
２５：ドリル孔
２６：アンカーボルト
２７：ドリル孔
２８：金属線
２９：ドリル孔
３０：合わせ棒
３１：接着剤
３２：シール剤
３８：折返し部
３９：水切り空間部
４０：通水孔
４１：通水孔
５０：挿入用隙間
５１：不陸調整シート
５２：底面部
５３：重ね合わせ部
５４：上側立ち上げ部
５５：下側立ち上げ部
５６：切り込み
５７：面取り部
５８：接着剤
５９：掛止部用溝
６５：固定スペーサ
６６：固定スペーサ
７１：一体バネ部材
７３：スポット溶接部
７４：リベット
７７：傾斜面部
７９：断熱材シート
８０：ネジ釘
１００：化粧板固定部材
２００：目地部材
２０２：目地表面部
２０４：支持部
２０６：張出部
２０８：突起部
３００：補強板[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wall construction assembly for covering a wall surface of a building with a decorative panel, a decorative panel, a decorative panel fixing member, a joint member, and a wall mounting method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional methods for applying a decorative panel wall include a wet construction method in which a decorative panel (stone board, etc.) is directly attached to the wall of a building using concrete or mortar, or a decorative panel using anchor bolts or metal fittings. And a dry construction method in which is attached to the wall surface. Among them, there is an advantage that the dry and wet construction method and the workability are quick.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 34, in the conventional dry method, for example, an anchor bolt 26 is inserted and fixed in a drill hole 25 drilled in a wall 9 of a building, and bonded to a metal wire 28 connected to the anchor bolt 26. The decorative board 1 is fixed to the wall surface 9 using the agent 31. Further, a matching rod 30 is inserted into a drill hole 29 drilled in the end face of the adjacent decorative board 1, and the level of the surface 10 of both decorative boards 1 is aligned with the matching rod 30 so that the finished surface is flat. I do. Further, the joint between the decorative plates 1 is filled with a sealant 32.
[0004]
More specifically, a drill hole 27 is formed at a predetermined position on one end surface of the decorative board 1, and a drill hole 29 is formed at a predetermined position on both end surfaces thereof. On the other hand, on the wall surface 9 of the building, anchor bolts 26 are installed in drill holes 25 drilled at predetermined positions. Next, one end of the metal wire 28 bent at a substantially right angle is inserted into the drill hole 27 of the decorative board 1 and hooked, and the other end of the metal wire 28 is inserted into a thin hole formed in the screw head of the anchor bolt 26. And fix it. Further, the metal wire 28, the drill hole 27 and the anchor bolt 26 are entirely fixed with the adhesive 31. Thereby, the decorative board 1 can be fixed to the wall surface 9.
[0005]
Further, in order to align the front surfaces 10 of the plurality of decorative boards 1, a method of connecting the two decorative boards 1 by inserting matching rods 30 into the drill holes 29 of the adjacent decorative boards 1, A method of adjusting the length and performing face matching of the decorative board 1 has been generally performed. In addition, as a method of applying a joint between the decorative boards 1, a large amount of the sealant 32 or the like is filled in the joint to make the appearance clean, or a gap is opened in the joint without using a sealant. And finished it so that the under ground of the building (that is, the wall surface 9) can be seen.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional construction method described above has the following problems.
[0007]
The thin decorative board 1 used in the conventional dry method generally has a thickness of, for example, about 20 mm. Therefore, the finished dimension from the wall surface 9 needs to be at least 40 mm or more, for example, and when the decorative panel 1 is installed on the inner wall of the building, there is a problem that the effective internal volume of the building is reduced accordingly.
[0008]
As a countermeasure for such a problem, when the wall surface 9 is a concrete base, for example, the decorative panel 1 is directly fixed to the concrete base using cement or an adhesive, and the joints are formed with mortar or a sealant ( The above-mentioned wet method) is also being implemented. However, such a construction method has a problem in that it is very difficult to adjust the surface alignment of the surface of the decorative panel 1 on which the decorative panel 1 is attached due to a variation in the thickness of the decorative panel 1, and it takes a lot of time and labor for construction. In addition, there is a disadvantage in that time is required for curing the cement and the adhesive, and the construction period is prolonged.
[0009]
Furthermore, when the building is a steel frame or a wooden structure, it is necessary to absorb a dimensional change caused by a difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the wall surface 9 and the decorative panel 1. In order to cope with this, generally, the anchor bolt 26 using the metal wire 28 is not used, but the thickness is reduced as much as possible using an elastic adhesive and an elastic sealing agent. The decorative board 1, whose weight has been reduced, is directly adhered to the wall surface 9 by direct bonding. However, such a method could not solve the problem that the variation in the thickness of the decorative board 1 could not be suitably adjusted as described above.
[0010]
Further, in the case where the joint is opened with the dry method, the surface of the adhesive 31 and a part of the dowel 30 can be seen at the bottom of the joint, so that the finished surface lacks cleanliness.
[0011]
On the other hand, when the sealant 32 is filled into the joints, it becomes difficult to see if the sealant 32 adheres to the surface side of the decorative board 1. Therefore, special adhesion prevention taping is performed at the time of construction. , There is a problem that it takes a lot of work.
[0012]
Therefore, the contractor or the manufacturer of the stone wall surface has mechanically filled the joint portion with the sealant 32. In addition, in place of the sealant 32, a soft resin molded product is pressed into the joint and fixed to the joint. In this case, the joint is fixed at the same time with the adhesive when inserted into the resin molded product, thereby simplifying the construction of the joint. However, since the sealant 32 and the resin molded product are deformed and shrunk by low-temperature outside air, solar heat, ultraviolet rays, and the like, and deteriorate, the joint portion needs to be repaired in, for example, 5 to 6 years.
[0013]
Furthermore, in the above-mentioned wet construction method, since the heavy decorative panel 1 is simply attached to the wall surface 9 of the building with a short and partial fixing bracket and an adhesive, the adhesive 32 is used during a long-term use. In the case where the decorative board 1 is deteriorated or cracks occur around the drill hole of the decorative board 1, there is a problem that the decorative board 1 is likely to be peeled or dropped. If the decorative panel 1 falls from the wall, there is a danger of a serious accident such as a personal injury.
[0014]
As a countermeasure, slab makers have made improvements such as reducing the thickness of the decorative board 1 or using a strong elastic adhesive to prevent such accidents, but maintain and guarantee the adhesive strength for a long time. I was wondering if I could. On the other hand, since the thickness of the decorative board 1 varies, a thickness adjusting member or the like is used between the wall surface 9 and the back surface of the decorative board 1 in order to finish the surface of the decorative board 1 flush. It took a lot of time and effort to finish the stone wall.
[0015]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional wall construction method, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to reduce a finished dimension from a building wall and to make the finished surface of a decorative panel easy and suitable. New and improved that can be installed easily, joints can be easily installed, the amount of sealant used can be reduced, and decorative panels can be stably fixed for a long period of time, and can be installed easily and quickly. It is an object of the present invention to provide a completed wall construction assembly and a wall construction method.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wall construction assembly that covers a wall with a plurality of decorative boards. The wall mounting assembly includes a plurality of decorative plates having a substantially rectangular shape; and a decorative plate fixing member whose longitudinal direction is a direction in which the plurality of decorative plates are connected. A base portion attached to a wall surface, the base portion being formed on the other side; and a hook portion formed at the other side of the base portion, at least one side of which is hooked on a surface of the decorative plate to lock the decorative plate; A decorative plate pushing-up mechanism provided on a base portion, for pushing up the back surface of the decorative plate and sandwiching and fixing the decorative plate between the decorative plate and the hook portion.
[0017]
With this configuration, the decorative plate fixing member can connect a plurality of decorative plates in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, the base of the decorative plate fixing member is attached to a wall surface. In addition, the hooking portion hooks the side end on the front side of the decorative plate, and the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism pushes up the rear surface of the decorative plate toward the hooking portion. For this reason, the decorative board fixing member can stably attach the decorative board to the wall surface by sandwiching and fixing the side ends of the decorative board. Therefore, the finished surface of the decorative board can be easily and accurately aligned, and the risk of peeling and falling of the decorative board can be reduced. Further, the decorative plate fixing member forms a joint portion of a gap between the decorative plates adjacent in the short direction. Further, the decorative panel fixing member can absorb a change in joint size due to a difference in thermal expansion between the decorative panel and the building wall material.
[0018]
Further, in the case where two decorative plates are hooked on both sides of the hooking portion, a difference may be provided between the hooking allowance on one side and the hooking allowance on the other side. It is preferable that the difference in the size of the hanging allowance is, for example, at least 1.5 times or more. Thus, the decorative board can be attached between the two decorative board fixing members previously installed on the wall surface so as to fit the shoji.
[0019]
Further, the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism may be configured to include one or more spring portions that push up the back surface of the decorative plate by elastic force. With this configuration, the front end of the decorative plate pressed by the elastic force of the spring portion is pressed against the hook of the hook. As a result, the end of the decorative board is sandwiched between the hook and the spring.
[0020]
Further, the spring portion may be formed by folding at least a part of the end of the base portion. Further, the spring portion may be formed by cutting and raising at least a part of a base portion. With this configuration, the spring portion can be easily formed, and the elastic force of the spring portion pressing the back surface of the decorative plate can be suitably adjusted.
[0021]
Further, the spring portion may be constituted by a spring member held by a spring holder portion provided on a base portion. With this configuration, only the spring portion can be formed of a member having excellent elasticity.
[0022]
Also, the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism includes an inclined surface portion having at least a portion of the base portion facing the hooking portion formed so as to be substantially inclined with respect to the back surface of the decorative plate; And a fixed spacer to be pushed in between. With this configuration, the front end of the decorative board pressed by the fixing spacer is pressed against the hook of the hook. As a result, the end of the decorative board is sandwiched between the hooking portion and the fixed spacer. The fixed spacer is, for example, a roller member having a substantially cylindrical or cylindrical shape. Further, the fixing spacer may be inserted inside the spring part to support the spring part.
[0023]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member may be formed by bending one metal flat plate. With this configuration, the decorative plate fixing member can be manufactured quickly and easily.
[0024]
The decorative plate fixing member may include a fixing plate connected to a base and fixed to a wall, and the base may be attached to the wall via the fixing plate. With this configuration, the fixing plate is fixed to the wall with a fixing member such as a screw nail. At this time, the fixing plate bends suitably in response to unevenness of the wall surface, so that the decorative plate fixing member can be suitably attached to the wall surface. Therefore, it becomes easy to apply the decorative board surface flush.
[0025]
Further, the base portion may be configured to be attached to the wall surface via one or two or more unevenness adjustment sheets when the unevenness due to the unevenness of the wall surface cannot be absorbed. With this configuration, the fixing plate can suitably attach the decorative plate fixing member to the wall surface where unevenness exists.
[0026]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member may be configured to include a gap portion for fixing the decorative plates adjacent to each other in the short direction direction by separating them. With this configuration, the gap can absorb the thermal expansion of the decorative board to some extent. Due to the presence of the gap, the adjacent decorative panels are not pressed against each other via the decorative panel fixing member and are not damaged.
[0027]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member may be configured such that one or more water passage holes are formed. With this configuration, the water that has entered between the back surface of the decorative board and the wall surface can be suitably discharged to the outside. This water passage hole is preferably provided, for example, near the hook.
[0028]
In addition, the decorative plate may be configured such that a reinforcing plate is attached to at least the back side. With such a configuration, the strength of the decorative panel can be reinforced, so that a thin decorative panel can be employed. In addition, it is possible to prevent the thin decorative panel from being damaged by an external force applied to the decorative panel surface side.
[0029]
Further, the locked portion of the decorative plate may be configured to be a surface of the decorative plate. With such a configuration, the hook portion is hooked, for example, on the surface end of the decorative board.
[0030]
Further, the locked portion of the decorative plate may be configured as a groove for a hook formed on an end surface of the decorative plate. With this configuration, the hook is inserted into, for example, a hook groove formed on the end face of the decorative plate and hooked.
[0031]
Further, the locked portion of the decorative plate may be configured as a notch for a locking portion formed at at least one end of the surface of the decorative plate. With such a configuration, the decorative plate can be more suitably fixed by hooking the hooks on the notches for the hooks. Further, when the decorative plate fixing member is attached, the hook portion can be prevented from protruding outside the surface of the decorative plate.
[0032]
Further, the space surrounded by the hooking portion and the notch for the hooking portion may be configured to be filled with a sealant. With this configuration, the space can be sealed to fill the gap between the decorative plate fixing member and the decorative plate. At this time, the time required for the sealing process and the amount of the sealing agent used can be significantly reduced.
[0033]
Also, a plurality of decorative panels in which the decorative panel fixing members are continuously arranged are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween, and the wall construction assembly further includes one or more joint members formed so as to fit into the gaps. May be provided. With this configuration, for example, it is possible to construct a decorative-plate-attached wall surface having a substantially lattice-shaped joint. That is, in the gap between the decorative boards, the hooks of the decorative board fixing member form joints in one direction (for example, horizontal joints), and the upper surface of the joint member is, for example, a joint substantially perpendicular to the joints (for example, vertical joints). Is composed. Furthermore, if a decorative plate fixing member and a joint member made of metal are used, the joint portion can be a metal joint.
[0034]
In addition, the joint member may be configured to have, at both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof, protrusions that are hooked on the hooks of the decorative plate fixing member. With such a configuration, the projections of the joint member can be inserted and hooked below the engaging portions of the decorative plate fixing members arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the joint member. As a result, the projections at both ends are hooked by the hooks, so that the joint member fitted into the gap of the decorative board is hard to come off.
[0035]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a decorative panel for use in a wall construction assembly as described above.
[0036]
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a decorative panel fixing member for use in a wall construction assembly as described above.
[0037]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a joint member for use in a wall construction assembly as described above.
[0038]
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a wall using: a plurality of decorative plates having a substantially rectangular shape; and a decorative plate fixing member connecting the plurality of decorative plates to the wall. A construction method is provided. A decorative plate fixing member, a base portion attached to a wall surface; a base portion formed on the other side, and a hook portion for hooking at least one side to a surface of the decorative plate to lock the decorative plate; A decorative plate pushing-up mechanism that pushes up the rear surface of the decorative plate and sandwiches and fixes the decorative plate between the decorative plate and the hook portion. According to this wall surface construction method, two decorative plate fixing members attached to the wall sandwich a plurality of decorative plates at both ends between a hook portion and a decorative plate pushing-up mechanism. Are connected to the wall surface.
[0039]
Further, the wall surface applying method includes: (1) a step of attaching the decorative panel fixing member of (1) to a wall surface; and (2) a plurality of decorative panel fixing members between the hooking portion of the attached decorative panel fixing member and the decorative panel lifting mechanism. Inserting one end of the decorative panel; (3) inserting the other ends of the decorative panels between the engaging portion of the other decorative panel fixing member and the decorative panel lifting mechanism; The method may include a step of attaching another decorative plate fixing member to the wall surface; and (4) a step of repeating the steps (2) and (3) as necessary.
[0040]
Also, the wall surface mounting method includes: (1) a step of attaching a plurality of decorative plate fixing members to a wall surface in a substantially parallel manner at a predetermined pitch according to the size of the decorative plate; After inserting one end of the decorative panel between the hook of the decorative panel fixing member of the decorative panel fixing member and the decorative panel pushing-up mechanism, another decorative panel adjacent to the decorative panel fixing member is removed. Fitting the other end of the veneer with one side inserted between the hook of the plate fixing member and the veneer lifting mechanism; and (3) performing the step (2) for a plurality of veneers. Repeatedly providing a plurality of decorative boards between adjacent decorative board fixing members.
[0041]
Further, the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism may include one or more spring portions that push up the back surface of the decorative plate by elastic force.
[0042]
Also, the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism includes a sloped portion formed such that a portion of the base portion facing the hooking portion is substantially inclined with respect to the back surface of the decorative plate; And a fixed spacer to be pushed in between.
[0043]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member may be attached to the wall surface via a fixing plate connected to the base and fixed to the wall surface. The base may be attached to the wall via one or two or more unevenness adjustment sheets when the unevenness of the wall cannot be absorbed.
[0044]
The locked portion of the decorative plate may be a surface of the decorative plate. Further, the locked portion of the decorative plate may be a groove for a locking portion formed on an end surface of the decorative plate.
[0045]
Further, the locked portion of the decorative plate may be a notch for a locking portion formed on at least one end of the surface of the decorative plate. Also, a space surrounded by the above-mentioned hooking portion and the notch for the hooking portion may be filled with a sealant.
[0046]
A plurality of decorative boards in which the decorative board fixing members are continuously arranged are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween, and one or more joint members formed to fit into the gap are attached to the gap. , May be.
[0047]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In this specification and the drawings, components having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
[0048]
(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, a wall surface construction assembly and a wall surface construction method using the same according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0049]
First, a wall surface assembly according to the first embodiment will be described. The wall surface construction assembly according to the present embodiment is an assembly member used when, for example, a decorative plate (for example, a stone slab) is stuck on a wall surface (regardless of an inner wall or an outer wall) of a building. The buildings here include all types of buildings, such as houses, stores, factories, buildings, and assembled houses, as well as towers, advertising towers, signs, walls, piers, overpasses, and road slopes. . This wall construction assembly is composed of, for example, a decorative panel, a decorative panel fixing member, and a joint member.
[0050]
First, the decorative board will be described. The decorative board is, for example, a substantially flat building member or the like attached to a wall surface to enhance the design of the inner wall or the outer wall of the building. The decorative plate is, for example, a stone plate having a substantially rectangular planar shape. For example, natural stone such as marble or granite is cut, artificial stone such as artificial marble, or ceramic products such as ceramics, tiles or bricks. And formed into a thin plate. The side surfaces of such decorative panels are generally shaped, for example, substantially perpendicular to the surface. Further, the surface of the decorative board (the surface that appears outside after construction; the same applies hereinafter) may be provided with, for example, various patterns such as a geometric pattern or a natural tone.
[0051]
The decorative plate has, for example, a substantially rectangular shape such that two sets of opposite sides are parallel to each other, for example, a substantially rectangular shape or a substantially square shape. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and the planar shape of the decorative board is not limited to, for example, a substantially square shape, a substantially rectangular shape, etc., but also a rectangular shape such as a substantially trapezoidal shape, a parallelogram, a rhombus, or a pair of substantially parallel opposite sides. It may have any shape. Further, the size of such a decorative board is, for example, a predetermined working width (distance between opposite sides hooked by the decorative board fixing member) and an arbitrary length (connected by the decorative board fixing member). (Length in the direction of rotation). However, for a plurality of decorative boards connected in the same step, for example, it is preferable to unify them so that their working widths are substantially the same, but their length can be freely varied from one type to a plurality of types. Can be determined. Further, it is preferable to use, for example, a decorative plate having a substantially constant thickness. Specific examples of the size of the decorative board include, for example, a working width of about 385 mm, a length of about 600 mm, and a thickness of about 6 mm, but may be any size according to the application.
[0052]
As described above, the decorative plate is, for example, a rectangular stone plate as described above, but not all decorative plates need to have a substantially uniform size. For example, the length of the decorative board in the direction connected in one step (the longitudinal direction of the decorative board fixing member) may be different for each decorative board, for example. In addition, the decorative plates do not all have to have a substantially uniform shape. For example, a combination of a trapezoid and a rectangular plate may be used.
[0053]
Note that the decorative board 20 is not limited to the example of the stone board as described above. For example, various synthetic resin boards such as plastic, slate board, concrete board, glass board, ceramic board, cement board, various metal boards, etc. Various building wall materials may be used.
[0054]
The locked portion of the decorative board according to the present embodiment is configured to be, for example, a surface end of the decorative board. In other words, the hooks of the decorative board fixing member, which will be described later, are hooked, for example, on both side ends of the surface of the decorative board.
[0055]
Next, the decorative plate fixing member 100, which is a major feature of the present embodiment, will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0056]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the decorative panel fixing member 100 is, for example, a metal joint metal fitting for fixing the decorative panel 1 to a wall surface of a building. The decorative plate fixing member 100 can, for example, hold the ends of the decorative plate 1 on both sides in the short direction and connect, for example, a plurality of decorative plates 1 in the longitudinal direction.
[0057]
The material of the decorative plate fixing member 100 is, for example, various metal plates such as an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, various steel plates, a surface-treated coated steel plate, a copper plate, a brass plate, an aluminum plate, and a titanium plate. The thickness of the metal plate is determined according to the material strength of the metal plate, the weight of the decorative plate 1, and the like, and is, for example, 0.1 mm to 1 mm. Thinner objects can be used. The decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed, for example, by forming the flat metal plate by bending or pressing. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be formed by, for example, extruding a deformed metal material or the like. Further, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is not limited to the above-described metals, and can be made of, for example, various synthetic resins. In this case, the decorative plate fixing member 100 may be formed by molding a synthetic resin plate or by extruding a synthetic resin material or the like.
[0058]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the decorative plate fixing member 100 includes, for example, a hook portion 3, a base portion 4, a connecting portion 2, and spring portions 5 a and 5 b (hereinafter collectively referred to as a spring portion 5). In some cases) and a fixing plate 8.
[0059]
As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed by bending a single metal plate to form a main body portion including a base portion 4, a hook portion 3, a connecting portion 2, a spring portion 5, and the like. It is formed integrally. In this way, for example, it is possible to integrally form the main body of the decorative plate fixing member 100 only by roll forming from one metal flat plate. Further, for example, a fixing plate 8 formed by the same roll forming is connected to the lower surface side of the base 4 by welding or the like to the integrally formed main body.
[0060]
The metal plate on the main body side of the decorative plate fixing member 100 is preferably made of, for example, a material having elasticity (elasticity). On the other hand, the metal plate forming the fixing plate 8 is preferably, for example, relatively soft. Further, it is preferable that the length of the decorative plate fixing member 100 in the longitudinal direction is, for example, not less than the length of the decorative plate 1 in consideration of workability.
[0061]
Hereinafter, each part of the decorative plate fixing member 100 will be described in detail.
[0062]
The hook 3 has, for example, a shape in which the upper cross section is substantially hemispherical and the lower cross section is substantially straight. The hanging portion 3 can hook the decorative plate 1 on both sides by, for example, hooking the lower surface (hanging allowance) on both sides thereof to the end of the decorative plate 1. Since the level (surface position) of the hooking portion of the hooking portion 3 is formed to be substantially the same on both sides, the surface levels of the two decorative boards 1 hooked by both hooking portions are flat. become. For this reason, the finished surface of the laminated decorative board 1 can be flushed with high precision.
[0063]
Further, the hooking portion 3 is configured such that, for example, the hooking allowance on the fixed plate 8 side is short and the hooking allowance on the opposite side is long, and this longer hooking allowance is compared with the shorter hooking allowance. , At least about 1.5 times or more (preferably, for example, 2 to 3 times). The size of these two hanging allowances and the ratio between both are determined, for example, according to the processing accuracy of the decorative board 1 so that the hooked decorative board 1 does not come off. By making a difference in the size of the hanging allowance, the decorative board 1 is suitably fitted between the two decorative board fixing members 100 attached at a predetermined pitch during the construction described later, and cannot be removed. You can do so. In addition, in the example of FIG. 1, the long allowance of the engaging portion 3 is formed on the opposite side to the fixing plate 8, but is not limited to this example.
[0064]
In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper surface of the hook portion 3 appears on the finished surface after construction. For this reason, for example, by installing the decorative panel fixing member 100 on the wall surface 9 with its longitudinal direction as the horizontal direction, for example, a horizontal joint (hereinafter, referred to as a horizontal joint) between the decorative panels 1 which are vertically adjacent to each other. ) Can be metal jointed.
[0065]
The base portion 4 is a portion serving as a base of the decorative plate fixing member 100, for example, a portion attached to the wall surface 9 of the building via the fixing plate 8. The base portion 4 supports the hook portion 3 located on the other side via the connecting portion 2 and, for example, spring portions 5a and 5b are provided on both side ends thereof.
[0066]
The spring portion 5 is configured as a decorative plate lifting mechanism according to the present embodiment. The spring portion 5 is formed, for example, by roll-forming both ends of a metal plate constituting the main body of the decorative plate fixing member 100 (that is, both ends of the base portion 4). Specifically, the spring portion 5 is formed, for example, by substantially uniformly folding all of the two end portions of the metal plate.
[0067]
Of the spring portions 5, it is preferable that the spring portion 5b on the fixed plate 8 side is configured as close as possible to the hook portion 3 while securing a space where the fixed plate 8 can be joined by spot welding or the like. On the other hand, it is preferable that the spring portion 5a is configured as close as possible to the hook portion 3 in consideration of workability. As described above, the positional relationship between the spring portion 5 and the hook portion 3 and the shape of the spring portion 5 may be determined, for example, by a variation in the thickness of the decorative plate 1 or a force for pushing out the decorative plate 1 by the elastic force of the spring portion 5. It is determined in consideration of, for example, the shape and height of the screw head of the screw nail 80 for fixing the fixing plate 8 to the wall surface 9 of the building. In the present embodiment, the spring portion 8 is formed by bending both end portions of the metal plate. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. For example, the spring portion 8 is formed by partially cutting and raising the metal plate of the base portion 4. You can also. The spring portion 5 may be a continuous spring portion as described above. For example, in order to reduce the deformation of the hook portion 3, the end of the base portion is partially cut away and bent, or the base portion is bent. A partial spring formed by partially cutting and raising the portion 4 may be used.
[0068]
Since the spring portion 8 is made of a metal plate having elasticity as described above, the spring portion 8 exerts a reaction force against a force that is folded deeper. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the decorative plate 1 is inserted between the hooking portion 4 and the spring portion 5, the spring portion 5 is compressed from the normal state, so that the decorative portion 1 exerts an elastic force to exhibit the makeup. Push plate 1 up. As a result, the decorative board 1 is pressed against the hooking part side of the hooking part 3, so that the decorative board 1 is sandwiched and fixed between the hooking part 3 and the spring part 5.
[0069]
Thus, the spring portion 5 has a function of sandwiching and fixing the decorative plate 1 between the decorative plate 1 and the hook portion 3. By the function of the spring portion 5, the decorative plate 1 is pressed so that the surface of the decorative plate 1 is at the level of the allowance of the hook portion 3. For this reason, even if there is some variation in the thickness of the decorative board 1 as shown in FIG. 2, the difference can be absorbed by the amount of bending of the spring portion 5, so that the surface level of both decorative boards 1 can be reduced. It will be a certain level. Therefore, in the construction of the decorative-wall-applied wall surface, the finished surface can be easily aligned.
[0070]
The connecting part 2 is an elongated part connecting the hook part 3 and the base part 4, and for example, as shown in FIG. Inside the connecting portion 2, a gap portion 7, which is a space adjusted to a predetermined width, is secured. Due to the presence of the gap 7, the end surfaces of the decorative boards 1 fixed on both sides of the decorative board fixing member 100 can be prevented from being extremely adjacent to each other. By adjusting the size of the gap 7, the gap 7 can absorb the expansion and contraction amount even if the decorative board 1 expands and contracts due to, for example, changes in sunlight, ultraviolet rays, and outside air. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the decorative plates 1 from pressing each other via the connecting portion 2. Further, by predicting the amount of deformation of the building due to an earthquake or the like in advance and determining the interval between the gaps 7, it is possible to perform construction with high seismic resistance by using characteristics of metal spring. Further, an effect of preventing the decorative panel 1 from being damaged by an earthquake or other external force can be expected.
[0071]
The fixing plate 8 is formed of, for example, a metal plate formed separately from the metal plate in which the base portion 4 and the hook portion 3 are integrally formed.
[0072]
The thickness of the metal plate of the fixing plate 8 is smaller than the thickness of the metal plate of the main body of the decorative plate fixing member 100, for example, so that the fixing plate 8 is flexibly deformed according to the state of the wall surface 9. Has been adjusted. However, the thickness of the metal plate of the fixing plate 8 can be changed to an arbitrary thickness according to the unevenness of the wall surface 9 and the manner of use of the wall surface 9.
[0073]
The fixing plate 8 has a size corresponding to the above-described base portion 4. For example, by performing spot welding (point welding) 73 at a plurality of locations, the lower side of the base portion 4 (on the side of the wall surface 9). ). The method of joining the two metal plates is not limited to spot welding. For example, the joining may be performed with tack screws or an adhesive, or may be performed by caulking if the strength can be guaranteed.
[0074]
At one end of the fixing plate 8, for example, a goby fold 19 is provided. The goby folded portion 19 is formed by folding one end of the fixed plate 8 by roll forming. Since the ends of the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be rounded by the goby folded portions 19, it is possible to prevent a worker from being hurt, for example, by a sharp end during construction.
[0075]
As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing plate 8 is fixed to the wall surface 9 of the building with a screw 80. In this manner, by fixing the fixing plate 8 to the wall surface 9, the whole decorative plate fixing member 100 can be fixed to the wall surface 9. By fixing the base 4 via the fixing plate 8 instead of directly fixing the base 4 to the wall 9, the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be correctly oriented (corresponding to unevenness or inclination of the wall 9). For example, it can be suitably installed in the direction perpendicular to the wall surface 9). That is, even when the wall surface 9 has irregularities such as irregularities and inclinations, when the fixing plate 8 is fixed by tightening with the screw 80 or the like, the fixing plate 8 flexibly corresponds to the shape of the wall surface 9. Since it bends and deforms, the unevenness of the wall surface 9 can be absorbed.
[0076]
Next, a joint member according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the joint member 200 according to the present embodiment.
[0077]
As shown in FIG. 3, the joint member 200 is, for example, a substantially bar-shaped member that is extended and formed so as to fit into a gap between the adjacent decorative boards 1. The material of the joint member 200 is, for example, an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, various steel plates, a surface-treated painted steel plate, a copper plate, a brass plate, an aluminum plate, a titanium plate, or any other metal plate, similarly to the decorative plate fixing member 100. It is. As described above, the decorative plate fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 are made of, for example, substantially the same metal plate, so that the joint portion of the decorative plate 1 appearing on the surface after the construction can be formed of a uniform metal joint. . The joint member 200 is formed by bending or pressing the metal plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the joint member 200 may be formed by, for example, extruding a metal or a synthetic resin. The length of the joint member 200 is, for example, slightly shorter than the pitch between the decorative plate fixing members 100 arranged at a predetermined interval when the wall surface 9 is constructed.
[0078]
The joint member 200 includes, for example, a joint surface portion 202, a support portion 204, and an overhang portion 206.
[0079]
The joint surface portion 202 is, for example, a portion that appears outside as joints between the decorative boards 1. The joint surface portion 202 has, for example, a cross-section that is substantially the same as that of the hook portion 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100, and also has hooking margins on both lower surfaces. Therefore, the joint member 200 also functions as, for example, a hook having substantially the same functional configuration as the hook 3 of the decorative board fixing member 100. The support part 204 is, for example, a part that is inserted into the gap of the decorative board 1 and that supports the joint surface part 202.
[0080]
The overhang portion 206 is a portion provided on the other end of the support portion 204 so as to overhang outward. By hooking the overhang portion 206 on the back surfaces of the decorative panels 1 on both sides, the joint member 200 fitted in the gap between the decorative panels 1 is suitably fixed and can be prevented from coming off. Further, in order to suitably hook the overhang portion 206 on the back surface of the decorative plate 1, for example, a chamfered cutout portion is formed at an end of the back surface of the decorative plate 1, and the overhang portion 206 is formed on the cutout portion. May be hooked. The cutout may be formed entirely along the edge of the back surface of the decorative board 1, or may be formed partially.
[0081]
When the joint member 200 is inserted into the gap, the support portion 204 of the joint member 200 can be opened and closed elastically with the connection portion with the joint surface portion 202 as a fulcrum, so that the overhang portion 206 becomes a hindrance. Never.
[0082]
By fitting the joint member 200 as described above into the gap between the decorative boards 1, the joint surface portion 202 of the joint member 200 appears on the finished surface after construction. (Hereinafter referred to as vertical joints) can be subjected to metal joint processing.
[0083]
The decorative board 1, the decorative board fixing member 100, and the joint member 200 constituting the wall surface assembly according to the present embodiment have been described above. By assembling using a plurality of such wall surface construction assemblies, it is possible to construct a wall surface with a decorative panel on the wall surface of a building.
[0084]
Next, a method for constructing a wall using the above-described wall construction assembly will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a wall surface construction method using the wall surface construction assembly according to the present embodiment. FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the wall surface 9 constructed by the wall construction method according to the present embodiment.
[0085]
In the following, as an example of a wall surface to be applied with a decorative panel, an example of a substantially vertical wall surface of a building will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. Good. Further, as an example of a wall surface application method, a description will be given of an example of a horizontal bonding method in which a plurality of the decorative boards 1 are bonded one by one in a substantially horizontal direction (the left-right direction of the wall surface 9). Instead, for example, a vertical sticking method in which the sheets are stuck in a substantially vertical direction (vertical direction of the wall surface 9) may be used.
[0086]
As shown in FIG. 4, first, in step S100, the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1 is attached to the wall surface 9 (step S100). As shown in FIG. 5, the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1 is attached to the lowermost end of the wall surface 9 of the building to be constructed so that its longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal. The attachment of the decorative plate fixing member 100 is performed by, for example, fixing the fixing plate 8 to the wall surface 9 with a screw 80. At this time, for example, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is fixed such that the fixing plate 8 side (the spring portion 5b side) faces upward.
[0087]
Next, in Step S102, a plurality of decorative board fixing members 100-2, 3... Are attached to the wall surface 9 in parallel at a predetermined pitch (Step S102). First, the second-stage decorative panel fixing member 100-2 is attached to the wall surface 9 at a predetermined pitch with respect to the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1. The predetermined pitch is, for example, a pitch calculated based on the working width of the decorative board 1 and the size of the hook portion 3. More specifically, the pitch is, for example, the working width of the decorative board 1, the space dimension below the hooking part 3 necessary for inserting the decorative board 1, and the thickness of two metal plates. Is a dimension obtained by summing the above dimension and a further margin. Next, similarly, the third-stage decorative panel fixing member 100-3 is attached to the wall surface 9 at a predetermined pitch with respect to the second-stage decorative panel fixing member 100-2. Further, similarly, the mounting of the plurality of decorative plate fixing members 100-4, 5,... Is repeated until the entire wall surface 9 is covered. As a result, a plurality of decorative board fixing members 100-1, 2, 3,... Are attached to the entire wall 9 of the building at equal intervals in advance and constructed.
[0088]
In the case where the wall surface 9 has a large unevenness or an inclined portion (hereinafter referred to as “non-land”), for example, a non-land adjustment sheet is sandwiched between the decorative panel fixing member 100 and the wall surface 9, and a screw nail is used. At 80, the decorative plate fixing member 100 may be fixed to the wall surface 9. Thereby, the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be stably mounted in a suitable direction. However, for example, in the case of a small partial unevenness, the unevenness adjusting function works by bending the fixing plate 8, so that the unevenness adjusting sheet need not be used.
[0089]
Further, in step S104, one decorative plate 1 is fitted between adjacent decorative plate fixing members 100 (step S104). Here, between the lowermost decorative board fixing member 100-1 and the second decorative board fixing member 100-2 (hereinafter referred to as a first fitting space. The same applies to other steps). ), An example in which one decorative board 1 is fitted will be described. For example, first, the upper end of the decorative panel 1 with the front side facing the front is pressed into the gap between the lower hook 3 and the spring section 5a on the lower side of the second decorative panel fixing member 100-2, and the spring section 5a is pressed. While inserting the upper limit as far as it will go into the gap. Next, the lower end portion of the decorative board 1 is fitted into the gap between the upper hook portion 3 of the lowermost decorative board fixing member 100-1 and the spring section 5b while pressing the spring section 5b. Insert by pushing down so as to drop 1. As described above, in the present embodiment, for example, the decorative panel 1 is fitted between the adjacent decorative panel fixing members 100 installed in advance such that a sliding screen or a sliding door is inserted.
[0090]
In the state where the decorative board 1 is fitted as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 2, the lower end of the decorative board fixing member 100 is directly connected to the connecting portion 2 of the decorative board fixing member 100 located below. On the other hand, the upper end of the decorative board 1 has a slight insertion gap 50 from the connecting portion 2 of the decorative board fixing member 100 located on the upper side. For this reason, the decorative board 1 does not have much problem in stability at normal times, but there is a risk that the decorative board 1 may come off during an earthquake or the like. Therefore, in order to prevent the decorative panel fixing member 100 from being detached after construction, for example, each time one decorative panel 1 is fitted, a wedge such as a piece of wood or an elastic resin rod is inserted into the insertion gap 50 one by one. May be inserted. Thereby, movement of the decorative board 1 in, for example, the vertical direction is restricted, and the decorative board 1 can be fixed more reliably.
[0091]
Thereafter, in step S106, it is determined whether or not all the decorative boards 1 have been installed in that stage (step S106). For example, a new decorative board 1 is sequentially fitted into the first-stage fitting space in the same manner as in step S104. As a result, when the decorative boards 1 covering the entire area of the first-stage fitting space are arranged and fitted, it means that the fitting of the decorative boards 1 at that step has all been completed, and Proceed to S108.
[0092]
Next, in step S108, the joint member 200 is attached between the decorative boards 1 (step S108). For example, the joint members 200 described with reference to FIG. 3 are respectively fitted in gaps between the plurality of decorative boards 1 arranged in the first-stage fitting space. The joint member 200 is stably held by being fitted into the gap by the overhang portion 206 being hooked on the back surface of the decorative board 1. In addition, from the viewpoint of the design of the wall surface 9 of the building, for example, the decorative boards 1 may be arranged close to each other without using the joint members 200, and the vertical joints of metal may not be used.
[0093]
Further, in step S110, it is determined whether the construction of the entire wall surface 9 has been completed (step S110). For example, when the first-stage insertion space is completed, the process returns to step S104, and the same construction is performed on the first-stage insertion space. When the decorative panel 1 is completely attached to all the fitting spaces by repeating such a step-by-step construction, the construction of the wall surface 9 is terminated.
[0094]
As described above, in the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment, in order to attach the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9 of the building, for example, first, the decorative panel fixing member 100-1 is installed at the lowermost end of the wall surface 9, Further, the decorative plate fixing members 100-2, 3,... Of the second, third,. Thereafter, the upper end of the decorative board 1 is fitted so as to be lifted while being sandwiched between the lower spring portion 5a and the hook 3 of the upper decorative board fixing member 100. The lower end portion 1 is dropped between the upper spring portion 5 b of the lower decorative plate fixing member 100 and the hook portion 3. Thereby, both ends of the decorative plate 1 can be sandwiched and fixed between the upper and lower two decorative plate fixing members 100.
[0095]
In addition, in the said construction method, after all the decorative board fixing members 100 were previously installed and the decorative board 1 was fitted, it is not limited to such an example. For example, first, only the lower decorative panel fixing member 100-1 and the second decorative panel fixing member 100-2 are installed, and then the decorative panel 1 is placed between the two decorative panel fixing members 100-1 and 100-2. After the fitting of the decorative board 1 is completed, the decorative board fixing member 100-3 of the third stage is installed, and the decorative board 1 is fitted between the decorative board fixing members 100-2 and 100-3. The installation and the fitting of the decorative board 1 in the corresponding step may be alternately repeated for each step.
[0096]
(Second embodiment)
Next, a wall surface construction assembly and a wall surface construction method using the same according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The wall construction assembly and the wall construction method according to the second embodiment are substantially the same as the wall construction assembly and the wall construction method according to the first embodiment except for the functional configuration other than those described below. , The description of which is omitted.
[0097]
First, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 7 is a side view showing a semi-finished product in a processing step when producing the decorative board fixing member 100 of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0098]
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, similarly to the above, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is a long metal fitting having a length in the longitudinal direction that is equal to or greater than the length of the parallel opposite side of the decorative plate 1. Is formed. The decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed by bending one metal plate to form not only the main body including the base 4, the hook 3, the connecting portion 2, and the spring 5, but also the fixing plate 8. Are characterized by being integrally formed. Further, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed such that the plurality of spring portions 5a are formed by partially cutting and raising the base portion 4 and that the spring portions 5b are partially cut away at the ends of the base portion and folded. There is also a feature in the point.
[0099]
An example of a method for manufacturing such a decorative plate fixing member 100 will be described in detail below. First, for example, in a long metal plate, portions to be the spring portions 5a and 5b are unfolded (cut out) at predetermined positions in advance. Next, for example, such a metal plate is roll-formed to form the hook portion 3, the connecting portion 2, and the spring portion 5b as shown by the solid line in FIG. Thereafter, for example, the fixing plate 8 is bent further deeply as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 7 by crushing and bending using a press machine in which a mold is arranged only in the crushing portion 16 in advance. 4, the spring portion 5a is raised (for example, the spring portion 5a naturally rises with the bending of the fixing plate 8), and the unnecessary crushing portion 16 is crushed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6, the base 4 and the fixing plate 8 are joined by spot welding 73 or the like, and the decorative plate fixing member 100 is completed.
[0100]
As described above, the fixing plate 8 according to the present embodiment is formed integrally with the main body from a single metal plate, for example. By integrally forming the decorative plate fixing member 100 as described above, the manufacturing cost and the labor of the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be reduced. Further, when the fixing plate 8 is fixed to the wall surface 9 with a screw nail 80 or the like, the unevenness of the wall surface 9 can be absorbed. In addition, since the fixing plate 8 is folded back as described above and joined by spot welding 73 or the like, a portion that becomes two metal plates including the fixing plate 8 and the base portion 4 is formed. Can be finished to 100. Note that the joining method can be performed with an adhesive or the like, and when the metal plate is strong, it can be used as it is in a folded state without performing a separate joining operation.
[0101]
Further, the spring portion 5 is not formed entirely along the longitudinal direction of the decorative plate fixing member 100 but is formed partially. Thereby, the elastic force applied by the spring portion 5 to the back surface of the decorative board 1 can be suitably reduced and adjusted.
[0102]
Next, a joint member 200 according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the joint member 200 according to the present embodiment. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a joint member 200 according to a modification of the present embodiment.
[0103]
As shown in FIG. 9, the joint member 200 includes, for example, an joint surface portion 202 that appears on a finished surface, a support portion 204 that is inserted into a gap between the decorative boards 1 to support the joint surface portion 202, and a protrusion 208. And
[0104]
The projecting portions 208 are formed in such a manner as to project from, for example, both ends in the longitudinal direction of the joint member 200, are substantially projecting portions having a slight step with respect to the joint surface portion 202, and are provided with the engaging portions 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100. It has a shape that can be inserted underneath. The projection 208 has a function of fixing the joint member 200 fitted in the gap between the adjacent decorative boards 1 by being hooked below the hook 3 so as not to come off the gap. . Further, by suitably adjusting the step of the projection 208 with respect to the joint surface 202, for example, the metal joint composed of the hook 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100 and the joint surface 202 of the joint member 200 is formed. The surface can be finished to almost the same height.
[0105]
The joint member 200 is formed by, for example, pressing a metal plate as described above after unfolding and punching it in advance. In this case, the portion serving as the joint surface portion 202 may have an arbitrary shape such as a flat surface or a substantially semi-cylindrical shape, and preferably has a shape adapted to the shape of the decorative plate fixing member 100.
[0106]
Specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, the joint surface portion 202 of the joint member 200 may be formed to be flat, and the projection 208 may be cut and raised. The joint member 200 shown in FIG. 10 can be formed by, for example, performing a primary process on a metal plate in advance by unfolding and the like, and then performing a secondary process by a press process or the like. Such an aspect of the joint surface portion 202 may be, for example, an arbitrary shape such as a planar shape or an arc shape as described above, and may be subjected to embossing or the like.
[0107]
Next, a wall surface construction method using the wall surface construction assembly will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 11 and 12. FIG. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a wall surface construction method using the wall surface construction assembly according to the present embodiment. FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the wall surface 9 constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment. In the following, an example in which the above-described horizontal application method is applied to a vertical wall surface will be described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and an arbitrary wall surface may be applied using a vertical application method or the like.
[0108]
As shown in FIG. 11, first, in step S200, the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1 is attached to the wall surface 9 (step S200). As shown in FIG. 12, the lowermost decorative plate fixing member 100-1 as a starter is attached to the lowermost end of the wall surface 9 of the building to be constructed so that its longitudinal direction is substantially horizontal. The attachment of the decorative plate fixing member 100 is performed by, for example, fixing the fixing plate 8 to the wall surface 9 with a screw 80. At this time, for example, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is fixed such that the fixing plate 8 side (the spring portion 5b side) faces upward.
[0109]
Next, in step S202, one decorative panel 1 is attached above the decorative panel fixing member 100 that has been installed (step S202). Here, for example, one decorative plate 1 is attached to a space above the lowermost decorative plate fixing member 100-1 (hereinafter, referred to as a first-stage fitting space; other stages are the same). An example will be described. The lower end of the decorative panel 1 with the front side facing forward is inserted into the gap above the hook 3 of the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1. In other words, the lower end of the decorative board 1 is inserted to the back between the hook 3 and the spring 5b of the lowermost decorative board fixing member 100-1. As a result, the inserted decorative board 1 is pushed to the surface side by the elastic force of the spring portion 5b, and is pressed against the hook of the hook portion 3. At this time, the decorative panel 1 is in a state where only the lower end portion is sandwiched by the decorative panel fixing member 100-1, for example, and is still mounted in an unstable state.
[0110]
After that, in step S204, it is determined whether or not all the decorative boards 1 have been installed in that stage (step S204). For example, new decorative plates 1 are sequentially inserted above the lowermost decorative plate fixing member 100-1 in the same manner as in step S202. As a result, when the decorative boards 1 covering the entire area of the first-stage fitting space are arranged, the installation of the decorative boards 1 at that level has been completed, and the process proceeds to step S206.
[0111]
Next, in step S206, the joint member 200 is attached between the decorative boards 1 (step S206). For example, the joint members 200 described with reference to FIG. 9 are respectively fitted in the gaps between the plurality of decorative boards 1 arranged in the first-stage fitting space as described above. The joint member 200 is hooked, for example, by hooking the lower protrusion 208 on the hook 3 of the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1. In addition, from the viewpoint of the design of the wall surface 9 of the building, for example, the decorative boards 1 may be arranged close to each other without using the joint members 200, and the vertical joints of metal may not be used.
[0112]
Next, in step S208, the decorative board fixing member 100 of the next stage is attached to the wall surface 9 (step S208). For example, the second decorative panel fixing member 100-2 is attached in parallel to the lowermost decorative panel fixing member 100-1. At this time, the decorative board fixing member 100-2 of the second stage is located between the lower hook 3 and the spring section 5a, and the upper ends of the decorative boards 1 attached in steps S202 to S204. Is installed at a position where it can be inserted. As a result, the lower ends of the plurality of decorative boards 1 are sandwiched by the lowermost decorative board fixing member 100-1 and the upper ends thereof are sandwiched by the second decorative board fixing member 100-2. To a stable fixed state.
[0113]
The state of the decorative panel 1 will be described in more detail. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the lower end of the decorative panel 1 directly contacts the connecting portion 2 of the decorative panel fixing member 100 located below. On the other hand, the upper end of the decorative board 1 also directly contacts the connecting portion 2 of the decorative board fixing member 100 located on the upper side. For this reason, since the insertion gap 50 does not occur unlike the case of FIG. 2 described above, the decorative board 1 is securely sandwiched and fixed by the upper and lower decorative board fixing members 100.
[0114]
Further, not only the decorative panel 1 but also the joint member 200 attached in step S206, the upper protrusion 208 is hooked on the hook 3 of the second-step decorative panel fixing member 100-2. Is fixed between the decorative plate fixing members 100-1 and 100-2. The second-stage decorative plate fixing member 100-2 is fixed to the wall surface 9 by, for example, fixing the nailing fixing plate 8 directly to the wall surface 9 with a screw 80 or the like.
[0115]
Further, in step S210, it is determined whether the construction of the entire wall surface 9 has been completed (step S210). For example, when the installation of the decorative board 1 in the first-stage fitting space is completed, the process returns to step S204, and the same construction is performed on the second-stage fitting space. When the decorative panel 1 is completely attached to all the fitting spaces by repeating such a step-by-step construction, the construction of the wall surface 9 is terminated.
[0116]
As described above, in the wall construction method according to the present embodiment, at the time of wall construction in which the decorative panel 1 is attached to the wall 9 of the building, for example, first, the decorative panel fixing member 100-1 is used as a starter at the lowermost end of the wall 9. Then, a plurality of decorative boards 1 are attached in parallel along the decorative board fixing member 100-1. Further, after the joint member 200 is attached, the second decorative panel fixing member 100-2 is attached. The decorative plate 1 and the joint member 200 are installed and fixed so as to be sandwiched therebetween. Thereby, both ends of the decorative board 1 are stably held and fixed by the two upper and lower decorative board fixing members 100. By repeating the arrangement of the plurality of decorative panels 1 and the installation of the decorative panel fixing member 100, the entire wall 9 can be attached to the decorative panel.
[0117]
As described above, according to the wall surface mounting assembly and the wall surface mounting method according to the first and second embodiments, when the decorative panel fixing member 100 sandwiches and fixes the decorative panel 1, the decorative panel fixing member 100 is used. The two spring portions 5a and 5b act to push the decorative plate 1 toward the hook portion 3. The distance between the base portion 4 of the decorative plate fixing member 100 and the hook portion 3 is determined by calculating in advance a suitable size in consideration of the thickness of the decorative plate 1 and the repulsive force of the spring portion 5, so that the spring The pushing force of the part 5 becomes an appropriate magnitude. At the same time, the shape of the spring section 5 is determined in consideration of the dimensions of the head of the screw nail 80 used for the fixing plate 8 and the like. By using a thin metal plate, the fixing plate 8 can absorb small irregularities under the building 9. Accordingly, the surface of the installed decorative board 1 can be finished to be flush with the action of the engaging portion 3, the spring portion 5, and the fixing plate 8.
[0118]
Further, it is conceivable that the decorative boards 1 may interfere with each other due to expansion and contraction of the decorative boards 1 due to heat and moisture. Further, there is a possibility that the decorative panel 1 may not be stably fixed due to the effect of the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction between the decorative panel 1 and the wall material of the building. However, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the above embodiment is formed so that the gap 7 is provided inside the connecting portion 2. The width of the gap 7 is set so as to absorb the difference between the amount of expansion and contraction of the decorative board 1 due to heat and moisture as described above and the amount of expansion and contraction of the wall material of the building.
[0119]
Therefore, the presence of the gap 7 makes it possible to dispose both decorative boards 1 at a certain distance from each other. Can be prevented. In addition, the gap 7 can prevent the gap between the decorative board 1 and the decorative panel 1 from being lost due to the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction between the decorative panel 1 and the wall material of the building. In particular, when the building body is made of wood or steel, the gap 7 is important because the coefficient of thermal expansion is different.
[0120]
Further, in the wall surface installation method according to the present embodiment, the surface of the hook 3 of the decorative panel fixing member 100 is, for example, a horizontal joint, and the joint surface portion 202 of the joint member 200 is a vertical joint. The joints between them can be metal joints.
[0121]
Further, after the decorative panel 1 is installed on the outer wall, for example, a sealant is applied to a gap between the decorative panel fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 and the decorative panel 1, and the decorative panel fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 A sealant may be applied to the gap between the contact portions. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent rainwater or the like from entering the inside of the laminated decorative board 1 from the outside. In addition, according to this construction method, the amount of sealant used can be greatly reduced.
[0122]
(Example of change)
Next, various modifications of the wall construction assembly according to the above embodiment will be described.
[0123]
(Modification 1)
First, the decorative panel 1 and the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the first modification will be described.
[0124]
First, a decorative board 1 according to a first modification will be described with reference to FIG. 13A, 13B, and 13C are a perspective view, a side view, and a front view showing the decorative board 1 according to the first modification.
[0125]
As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, the decorative plate 1 has, for example, a notch 20 for a hook portion continuously formed on both side ends on the front surface side. As shown in FIG. 13B, the notch 20 for a hook portion has, for example, a stepped shape such that its cross-sectional shape is substantially L-shaped. The shape and size of this step are adjusted so as to correspond to the shape and size of the hook 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100. The engaging portion 3 is hooked on the engaging portion notch 20 so that the both are suitably engaged with each other and do not shift. For this reason, the decorative board fixing member 100 can stably and suitably fix the decorative board 1.
[0126]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 13A and 13C, the decorative plate 1 is formed with, for example, a chamfered portion 57 having a cross section of, for example, a substantially inclined surface at the other side end on the front side. . By providing the chamfered portion 57, it is possible to prevent the decorative plates 1 from being brought into contact with each other and to be damaged, and to create a three-dimensional effect on the finished surface after the construction, thereby improving the design. In addition, as described above, the example in which the notch 20 for the hook portion and the chamfered portion 57 are provided on the end surface of the decorative board 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. The notch 20 for the hook and the chamfer 57 may not be provided.
[0127]
Next, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the first modification will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the first modification. FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the first modification fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0128]
As shown in FIG. 14, the decorative plate fixing member 100 does not have the fixing plate 8 as described above under the base portion 4, and directly installs the screw 80 on the base portion 4, and 9. The spring portion 5 of the decorative plate fixing member 100 includes, for example, a cut-and-raised type spring portion 5a arranged on one side of the hook portion 3 and a partial spring array 5a arranged on the other side of the hook portion 3. And a folded-back type spring portion 5b.
[0129]
The spring portion 5a is formed by, for example, partially cutting and raising a substantially flat metal plate of the base portion 4 on one side by press working or the like. Further, a space for installing the screw 80 is secured in the base portion 4 outside the spring portion 5a, and a goby fold portion 19 is formed at an end of the base portion 4. On the other hand, the spring portion 5b is formed by partially turning the end of the base portion 4 on the other side. The spring portion 5b is, for example, a portion that is turned up to some extent by folding the end portion of the base portion 4 having a plurality of cuts into it, and squeezing the unnecessary crushing portion 16 sufficiently. As described above, by forming the spring portion 5a by cutting and raising it without using the fixed plate 8, it is possible to reduce the amount of the metal plate used as the material.
[0130]
FIG. 15 shows a state where the decorative plate 1 as shown in FIG. 13 is assembled to the wall surface 9 by the decorative plate fixing member 100.
[0131]
As shown in FIG. 15, since the hook 3 is suitably engaged with the notch 20 for the hook of the decorative board 1, the decorative board fixing member 100 can securely fix the decorative board 1. it can. The surface side of the hooking portion 3 forms a metal joint (horizontal joint) as described above. However, by providing the notch 20 for the hooking portion, the surface of the hooking portion 3 has a decorative surface. The decorative board 1 can be hung in a state recessed from the surface of the board 1. This makes it possible to finish the wall surface on which the stone plate is stuck so that the metal joints are recessed from the surface of the decorative board 1.
[0132]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the first modification has a plurality of openings formed in the base portion 4 as a result of cutting and raising the spring portion 5a. It has a configuration that is easy to install following irregular ground. However, as shown in FIG. 15, when there is unevenness in a wide range of the wall surface 9, for example, the decorative board fixing member 100 may adjust the unevenness disposed between the base 4 and the wall surface 9. It may be installed via the sheet 51. Thus, the decorative panel fixing member 100 can support the decorative panel 1 in a suitable and flush manner despite the unevenness.
[0133]
(Modification 2)
Next, the decorative panel 1 and the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the second modification will be described.
[0134]
First, the decorative plate 1 to which the reinforcing plate 300 according to the second modification is attached will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing one reinforcing plate 300 according to the second modification, and FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing three reinforcing plates 300 according to the second modification. 18 and 19 are a side view and a perspective view showing the decorative board 1 to which the three reinforcing plates 300 according to the second modification are attached.
[0135]
As shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the reinforcing plate 300 is, for example, a plate-like member for reinforcing the decorative plate 1. For example, a reinforcing plate 300 is formed by bending a flat metal plate such as an iron plate, a stainless plate, or a copper plate. It is formed by processing or the like. As described above, when a metal plate is used as the reinforcing plate 300, for example, it is preferable that the metal plate be a thin metal plate having a thickness of 0.05 mm to 0.4 mm. When the plate 1 is used, for example, a thicker material having a lower degree of 2 mm can be used. When a metal plate is used for the reinforcing plate 300, it is preferable to use a metal plate having a small difference in thermal expansion coefficient from the stone material of the decorative plate 1, for example. Predict the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the decorative plate 1 and the reinforcing plate 300 in advance, such as reducing the elongation strength of the metal by adding random irregularities to the metal, or using an elastic adhesive as the type of adhesive. Is also good.
[0136]
The reinforcing plate 300 can be manufactured, for example, from a net-like metal plate or a cloth-like material, a hard water-absorbing hard board, or an extruded metal product, in addition to the metal flat plate. In addition, it can also be manufactured by extrusion molding of resin.
[0137]
The reinforcing plate 300 shown in FIG. 16 is for reinforcing, for example, one decorative plate 1 and has, for example, a bottom portion 52 substantially similar to the back surface shape of one decorative plate 1. The reinforcing plate 300 shown in FIG. 17 is for reinforcing, for example, three decorative plates 1 at the same time, and has, for example, a bottom portion 52 substantially similar to the back surface shape of the three decorative plates 1.
[0138]
Each reinforcing plate 300 includes, for example, an upper rising portion 54 that rises substantially vertically from the upper side of the bottom portion 52 and a lower rising portion 55 that rises substantially vertically from the lower side of the bottom portion 52. 52, the upper rising portion 54 and the lower rising portion 55 are integrally formed. The rising height of the upper rising portion 54 and the lower rising portion 55 is determined according to, for example, the thickness of the decorative board 1.
[0139]
The overlapping portion 53 is, for example, an area below the adjacent decorative plate 1 when the decorative plate 1 is bonded with an adhesive or the like. The upper rising portion 54 has, for example, a portion corresponding to the overlapping portion 53 cut out. A cut 56 is formed in the lower rising portion 55 at a portion corresponding to the overlapping portion 53. Note that the reinforcing plate 300 does not necessarily need to include the upper rising portion 54 and the lower rising portion 55.
[0140]
18 and 19 show an example of a reinforcing plate 300 when a plurality of decorative plates 1 are attached. In this example, for example, an example is shown in which three decorative plates 1 are continuously attached to the three reinforcing plates 300.
[0141]
At the time of such attachment, for example, an adhesive 58 is applied to the inside of the reinforcing plate 300, and then, for example, three decorative plates are left inside the reinforcing plate 300, leaving an overlapping portion 53 having a predetermined width. 1 are bonded.
[0142]
By attaching the reinforcing plate 300 to the decorative plate 1, the strength of the decorative plate 1 can be increased. For this reason, for example, there is an advantage that a thin decorative board 1 can be used, and that the handleability during wall construction is improved. Further, by providing the upper and lower rising portions 54 and 55, the strength with the decorative board 1 attached can be further increased.
[0143]
Further, the upper rising portion 54 has a portion corresponding to the overlapping portion 53 cut out. For this reason, for example, three decorative plates 1 fixed to one reinforcing plate 300 as shown in FIG. 19 are made into one unit, and this unit is used for the wall construction method of the first embodiment (see FIG. 5). When connecting a plurality of units, adjacent units can be suitably combined without the upper rising portion 54 being in the way.
[0144]
The cut 56 of the lower rising portion 55 serves to absorb the variation in the thickness of the decorative board 1, and the cut 56 is provided in the case of the decorative board 1 having a high thickness accuracy. You don't have to. Further, it is needless to say that the position where the overlapping portion 53 is provided in the reinforcing plate 300 may be, for example, only the left side in FIG. Further, the overlapping portion 53 may not be provided.
[0145]
The length of the reinforcing plate 300 can be freely determined according to the number and length of the decorative boards 1 to be reinforced. Further, for example, the length of the reinforcing plate 300 can be determined in advance, and a plurality of types of decorative plates 1 having different lengths, materials, and the like can be combined to produce an assembled product. In addition, the reinforcing plate 300 may have, for example, a symmetrical shape in consideration of workability according to the work order. If the decorative board 1 has a sufficient thickness and strength, for example, the decorative board 1 can be directly attached to the decorative board fixing member 100 without attaching the reinforcing plate 300 as described above.
[0146]
Next, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the second modification will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the second modification. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the second modification fixes the decorative panel 1 on which the reinforcing plate 300 is attached to a wall surface. FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the second modification.
[0147]
As shown in FIG. 20, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the second modification is formed by, for example, bending a single metal plate, and includes a hook 3, a connecting portion 2, a spring 5, and a base. The part 4 and the fixing plate 8 are integrally formed. The spring portion 5b is formed by partially bending the end of the base portion 4, while the spring portion 5a is formed by partially bending the end of the fixed plate 8.
[0148]
As shown in FIG. 21, the decorative plate fixing member 100 can suitably fix the decorative plate 1 to which the reinforcing plate 300 is attached as described above. Specifically, when the spring portions 5 a and 5 b push up the reinforcing plate 300, both ends of the surface of the decorative board 1 are pressed against the hooks of the hooks 3. Thus, the decorative plate 1 with the reinforcing plate 300 is sandwiched between the hook portion 3 and the spring portion 5. At this time, since the spring portion 5 is in contact with the reinforcing plate 300, the decorative plate 1 is not damaged.
[0149]
The decorative plate fixing member 100 is characterized in that, for example, two water passage holes 40 and 41 are formed. More specifically, for example, a water passage 40 having a substantially circular shape is formed through the connecting portion 2 in the vicinity of the hooking portion 3. Is formed with a substantially circular water passage hole 41 therethrough. With this configuration, as shown in FIG. 21, for example, moisture accumulated in a region above the connecting portion 2 between the decorative plate 1 and the wall surface 9 passes through the water passage holes 40 and 41 and is caught. It can flow out to the surface side of the decorative board 1 below the stop 3.
[0150]
Further, on the spring portion 5b side (for example, on the upper side in the installation direction), a folded portion 38 is provided by bending a metal plate at a portion where the base portion 4 and the fixed plate 8 are connected. Further, by providing, for example, an inclined surface portion 77 at a connecting portion between the connecting portion 2 and the base portion 4, a drainage space portion 39 for stopping a capillary phenomenon is formed therein. By providing such a folded portion 38 and a draining space portion 39, for example, moisture between the decorative plate 1 and the wall surface 9 causes gaps between the metal plates constituting the decorative plate fixing member 100 to be removed by capillary action. It can be prevented from invading the wall surface 9 side of the building by ascending.
[0151]
As described above, the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to Modification 2 is excellent in drainage performance and water blocking property to the building side, so that it is suitably applied to the outer wall of the building, the indoor wall that uses a lot of water, and the like. it can. FIG. 21 shows an example in which the reinforcing plate 300 is bonded to the back surface of the decorative plate 1 with an adhesive or the like. However, when the decorative plate fixing member 100 is used as an outer wall material, it penetrates from the inside of the building particularly in winter. The coming water vapor is cooled and condensed in the vicinity of the decorative board 1 to form water droplets. However, the water holes 40 and 41 of the decorative plate fixing member 100, the folded portion 38, the drainage space portion 39, and the like act, so that the water droplets can be suitably discharged to the outside without entering the inside.
[0152]
Further, if the reinforcing plate 300 is bonded to the decorative plate 1 before processing the surface of the decorative plate 1, the flatness of the surface is improved, so that the decorative plate 1 can be further thinned and finished. As a result, the total weight of the decorative board 1 can be reduced.
[0153]
FIG. 22 shows another modified example of the decorative board fixing member 100 having the water holes. As shown in FIG. 22, in this decorative plate fixing member 100, water holes 40 and 41 are formed in the vicinity of the hook 3 in the same manner as described above. Further, the folded portion 38 is formed, for example, so as to rise up to such a degree that it does not enter below the upper base portion 4 and to fall down so that water droplets do not flow backward. Further, for example, a drainage space 39 for preventing a capillary phenomenon is formed between the connecting portion 2 and the base portion 4 by providing, for example, an inclined surface portion 77 or the like. Accordingly, the present invention can be applied to an outer wall of a building or an indoor wall that uses a lot of water. Further, for example, the spring portion 5a is formed integrally with the lower base portion 4. Although not shown, for example, the above-described spring portion 5b may be bent or cut and raised on the side opposite to the spring portion 5a.
[0154]
(Modification 3)
Next, a decorative plate fixing member 100 of a wall surface assembly according to a third modification will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 23 is a side view showing the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the third modification.
[0155]
As shown in FIG. 23, the decorative board fixing member 100 holds and fixes, for example, the hook 3, the connecting part 2, the base 4, the springs 5a and 5b, and the springs 5a and 5b. And spring holders 6a and 6b.
[0156]
In this decorative plate fixing member 100, for example, a hook portion 3, a connecting portion 2, a base portion 4, a fixing plate 8 and a spring holder portion 6 are integrally formed. For example, a metal plate similar to the above is roll-formed. Formed. These parts can be thicker to increase the strength. The fixing plates 8 are provided on both sides, for example. In addition, spring holders 6a and 6b (hereinafter sometimes collectively referred to as spring holders 6) are provided on both sides by cutting and raising base 4 by pressing or the like. The spring portions 5a and 5b are held and fixed to the spring holder portions 6a and 6b, respectively.
[0157]
On the other hand, the spring portion 5 is formed separately from these portions, and is formed of, for example, a thin metal material having excellent elasticity (spring properties). The spring portions 5 are respectively inserted into the spring holder portions 6, and the spring portions 5 are held by the spring holder portions 6 by crushing the spring holder portions 6.
[0158]
As described above, by changing the material of the spring part 5 and the other parts and connecting and using both, the material and shape suitable for each function can be advantageously obtained.
[0159]
(Modification 4)
Next, the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the fourth modification will be described.
[0160]
First, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the fourth modification will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the fourth modification. FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the fourth modification.
[0161]
The decorative plate fixing member 100 shown in FIG. 24 includes, for example, a member 70 in which the hook portion 3 and the base portion 4 are integrally formed, an integrated spring member 71 having spring portions 5a and 5b on both sides, and It is composed of three members, that is, the fixed plate 8 on which the goby fold 19 is formed. These three members are integrally joined at the base portion 4 by spot welding 73 or the like, for example. With this configuration, even if a relatively hard material is used for the member 70, roll forming is easy, and a material having spring properties can be used as the metal material of the spring portion 5. , A relatively soft material (such as a mild steel plate) can be used. As described above, by forming the parts constituting the decorative plate fixing member 100 separately and joining them, it is possible to apply a material corresponding to each function to each member.
[0162]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member 100 shown in FIG. 25 includes, for example, a member 70 in which the hooking portion 3 and the base portion 4 are integrally formed, the spring portion 5 on one side, and the goby folding portion 19 on the other side. It is composed of two members, a fixed plate 8. The two members are joined together, for example, with a rivet 74 or the like at the base 4 on one side. In addition, these two members may be bonded to each other by, for example, an adhesive or the like.
[0163]
As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, by using the integrally formed spring member 71 and the decorative plate fixing member 100 having the fixing plate 8, waterproofness against rainwater or the like can be improved.
[0164]
(Modification 5)
Next, the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the fifth modification will be described.
[0165]
Here, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the fifth modification will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 26 and 28. FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the fifth modification. FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing fixing spacers 65 and 66 of the decorative plate fixing member according to the fifth modification. FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the fifth modification fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0166]
As shown in FIG. 26, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed of, for example, a deformed extruded metal material, and the hooking portion 3, the fixing plate 8, and the spring holder portions 6a and 6b are integrally formed. . Further, inside the spring holders 6a and 6b, thin springs 5a and 5b made of a material having high spring properties are mounted, respectively. Needless to say, the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be similarly manufactured using a synthetic resin or the like. Further, in the decorative plate fixing member 100 formed as a deformed extruded product such as resin or metal, for example, it is preferable that the thickness of the fixing plate 8 is made thinner than other portions.
[0167]
As shown in FIG. 27, the fixed spacers 65 and 66 are, for example, roller members having a substantially cylindrical shape or a substantially cylindrical shape. The cross-sectional shape of the fixed spacers 65 and 66 is not limited to the illustrated circular shape or pipe shape, but may be any shape such as a square, a triangle, an ellipse, and the like.
[0168]
The fixed spacer 65 is inserted into a gap between the inclined surface portion 77 and the back surface of the decorative board 1 as shown in FIG. 28, for example, and has a function of pushing up the decorative board 1. Further, the fixed spacer 66 is inserted, for example, inside the spring portion 5 and has a function of pushing up the spring portion 5. As described above, the fixed spacers 65 and 66 and the inclined surface portion 77 are configured as a decorative plate lifting mechanism according to the present embodiment, similarly to the spring portion 5.
[0169]
By using the decorative plate fixing member 100 having such a configuration, for example, the decorative plate 1 with the reinforcing plate 300 can be stably fixed to the wall surface 9. More specifically, the lower decorative plate 1 is pushed up by, for example, the spring portion 5 a and the fixed spacer 66, and is pressed by the lower hook allowance of the hook portion 3. On the other hand, the upper decorative plate 1 is pushed up by, for example, the spring portion 5 b, the inclined surface portion 77 and the fixed spacer 65, and is pressed by the hook allowance above the hook portion 3. By the fixing spacers 65 and 66, even when the decorative board 1 is pressed from the front side, the decorative board 1 can be prevented from retreating. The fixed spacer 65 is inserted, for example, between the back surface of the reinforcing plate 300 of the decorative panel 1 and the inclined surface 77 each time the decorative panel 1 is installed. Similarly, if the fixing spacer 66 is inserted inside the spring portion 5a, the decorative board 1 can be fixed more firmly.
[0170]
When the decorative plate fixing member 100 is attached to the wall surface 9 with its longitudinal direction substantially horizontal, for example, the spring portion 5b is not provided by pushing the fixing spacer 65 into the steeply formed inclined surface portion 77, for example. You may do so. Also, for example, even when the decorative plate fixing member 100 is formed into a shape as shown in FIGS. 20 and 22 by rolling a metal plate or the like, the fixing spacer 65 and the inclined surface portion 77 are used as a decorative plate pushing-up mechanism. By doing so, the spring portion 5 can be omitted.
[0171]
(Modification 6)
Next, the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the sixth modification will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the sixth modification. FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view showing a mode in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the sixth modification fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0172]
The decorative plate fixing member 100 shown in FIG. 29 includes, for example, a member 76 integrally formed with a hook portion 3, an inclined surface portion 77 and a base portion 4, a spring portion 5a on one side, and a goby fold portion 19 on the other side. It is composed of two members, a fixed plate 8 provided. These two members are joined together, for example, by spot welding 73 or the like at the base 4 on one side. The two members may be joined by, for example, a rivet or an adhesive.
[0173]
As shown in FIG. 30, for example, the decorative board 1 is attached as a stone board siding to the decorative board fixing member 100 which is previously fixed horizontally to the concave surface of the wall surface 9 having large unevenness with a screw nail 80 or the like. ing. In this stone siding, for example, a heat insulating material sheet 79 is attached to the back surface of the reinforcing plate 300 attached to the decorative board 1 with an adhesive or the like. In this manner, by bonding a sheet for preventing dew condensation, for example, a heat insulating material sheet 79 made of a urethane foam sheet, a polyethylene foam sheet, or the like to the back surface of the reinforcing plate 300, the decorative board 1 can be used as an outer wall material or the like. it can. In addition, even if the wall surface 9 has a slight unevenness, the fixing plate 8 is appropriately bent and fixed in accordance with the unevenness, so that the leveling accuracy of the applied decorative plate 1 can be improved.
[0174]
Further, for example, every time the decorative board 1 (stone siding) is attached to the decorative board fixing member 100, the fixing spacer 65 is inserted between the inclined surface portion 77 and the reinforcing plate 300 so as to crush the heat insulating material sheet 79. Thereby, the decorative board 1 can be fixed stably. Further, for example, by inserting the fixed spacer 66 inside the spring portion 5a, the amount of deflection of the spring portion 5a is limited, and the external plate 1 is prevented from being pushed back when an external force is applied to the surface side. By adjusting the positional relationship between the heat insulating material sheet 79 and the spring portion 5a or the inclined surface portion 77 in advance, a more watertight outer wall can be configured. Further, by attaching the heat insulating material sheet 79 as described above to the back surface of the reinforcing plate 300, the waterproofness can be further improved.
[0175]
(Modification 7)
Next, the decorative panel 1 and the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to Modification 7 will be described.
[0176]
First, the decorative board 1 according to the seventh modification will be described with reference to FIG. 31A, 31B, and 31C are a perspective view, a side view, and a front view showing the decorative board 1 according to the seventh modification.
[0177]
As shown in FIGS. 31 (a), (b), and (c), the decorative plate 1 has, for example, locking portion grooves 59 on both end surfaces. The locking portion groove 59 is configured as a locked portion according to the seventh modification. As shown in FIG. 31 (b), the engaging portion groove 59 is formed by cutting out the end face of the decorative plate 1 so that the cross-sectional shape thereof is substantially U-shaped. The depth and width of the hook groove 59 are adjusted so as to correspond to the shape and size of the hook 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100. In addition, it is preferable that the position where the groove 59 for the hook portion is formed is, for example, substantially the same position from the surface of the decorative plate 1 with respect to the plurality of decorative plates 1. Thereby, the surfaces of the installed decorative boards 1 can be suitably surface-matched.
[0178]
The engaging portion groove 59 is configured as a locked portion of the decorative board 1 according to the seventh modification. The inserted hook portion 3 is hooked in the hook portion groove 59, so that both are suitably engaged and do not shift. For this reason, the decorative board fixing member 100 can stably and suitably fix the decorative board 1.
[0179]
In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the hook groove 59 is not limited to the above-described substantially U-shaped example, and may be any shape such as a substantially U-shaped, substantially semicircular, or substantially V-shaped. There may be.
[0180]
As shown in FIGS. 31A and 31C, the decorative plate 1 has, for example, a chamfered portion 57 having a cross section of, for example, a substantially inclined surface at the other side end on the front side. . By providing the chamfered portion 57, it is possible to prevent the decorative plates 1 from being brought into contact with each other and to be damaged, and to create a three-dimensional effect on the finished surface after the construction, thereby improving the design.
[0181]
Next, a decorative plate fixing member 100 according to Modification 7 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which the decorative panel fixing member 100 according to the seventh modification fixes the decorative panel 1 to the wall surface 9.
[0182]
As shown in FIG. 32, the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the seventh modification is substantially the same as the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the second embodiment, and therefore the description thereof is omitted (see FIG. 8 and the like).
[0183]
As shown in FIG. 32, the hooks 3 of the decorative board fixing member 100 are inserted into the hook grooves 59 of the decorative board 1 as described above. Hanging. Spring portions 5a and 5b push up the decorative plate 1 from the back surface of the decorative plate 1. With this configuration, a part of the end of the decorative board 1 (for example, a portion from the back surface of the decorative board 1 to the groove 59 for the hook) between the hook margin of the hook 3 and the springs 5a and 5b. Can be suitably held and fixed. Also, since the grooves 59 for the hooks are formed at substantially the same locations from the surface of the decorative board 1 with respect to the plurality of decorative boards 1, the plurality of decorative boards 1 sandwiched and fixed by the decorative board fixing member 100 are provided. Surfaces can be surface-matched with high precision, and beautifully finished surfaces can be constructed.
[0184]
Further, by adjusting the depth of the above-mentioned hooking portion groove 59 and the size of the hooking allowance of the hooking portion 3, the width of the portion of the hooking portion 3 which can be seen on the finished surface side (that is, the adjacent decorative plate) 1 gap) can be adjusted to an arbitrary width of about two or more metal plates of the connecting portion 2. For example, the width of the gap is extremely small (for example, the metal plate of the connecting portion 2 is formed by making the depth of the locking portion groove 59 sufficiently deep so that substantially all of the hooking allowance of the locking portion 3 can be inserted). (About two sheets), and the surface of the hook portion 3 can be hardly seen on the finished surface on which the work is performed.
[0185]
As described above, by using the decorative plate 1 having the hook groove 59 according to the seventh modification and the decorative plate fixing member 100, the gap between the adjacent decorative plates 1 can be suitably adjusted. Further, by combining the wall construction assembly according to the seventh modification with the wall construction assembly as described above, it is possible to meet the demand for a variety of designs of the wall surface on which the decorative board is attached.
[0186]
(Modification 8)
Next, the decorative panel fixing member 100 of the wall surface assembly according to the eighth modification will be described.
[0187]
Here, the hook 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the eighth modification will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 33 is a side view showing a modification of the shape of the hook 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the modification 8.
[0188]
As shown in FIG. 33, the shape of the hook portion 3 can be variously changed as long as the end portion of the decorative board 1 can be hooked. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the front side (the side that appears to the outside) of the hooking part 3 is substantially arc-shaped (FIGS. 33 (a) and (e)), and substantially planar (FIGS. 33 (c), (d), and (d)). f)), a chevron shape (FIG. 33 (b)), and the like. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the hooking portion 3 may be symmetrical as shown in FIGS. 33 (a) to 33 (d), or may be asymmetrical as shown in FIGS. 33 (e) to 33 (f). You may.
[0189]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 33 (a), 33 (b) and 33 (e), if the upper surface of the hooking portion 3 is not substantially flat but is substantially curved, for example, the horizontal joints rise from the decorative board 1. It has such an appearance, and for example, a substantially frame-shaped metal joint can be formed.
[0190]
The surface of the hook 3 is, for example, a metal joint that appears on the front surface side. Therefore, in order to improve the design, a resin film cover 21 is attached to the hook 3, for example. (FIG. 33D), various coating processes, embossing processes, and the like may be performed. For this purpose, for example, a resin film, a tape, or the like can be attached in advance to a metal plate or the like as a material of the decorative plate fixing member 100 or the joint member 200. In addition, for example, a tape-shaped material may be attached to the hanging portion 3 or the like after the application, and the application may be performed. As an example, as shown in FIG. 33D, it is preferable that the film cover 21 is wound around the back side of the hook portion 3 using, for example, an adhesive.
[0191]
As described above, the wall surface assembly and the wall surface mounting method according to the present embodiment, and modifications thereof have been described.
[0192]
Conventionally, a decorative plate 1 such as a stone plate is attached to a wall surface 9 of a building using an anchor bolt or an adhesive, and the joint is filled with a sealing agent for construction. For this reason, special work of masonry is required in order to accompany the work of aligning the decorative board 1 and adjusting the thickness, and since the joint work of the sealant is mainly performed on site, the work time is long, The labor was expensive. However, in the metal joint method using the decorative plate fixing member 100 according to the present embodiment, a carpenter or a craftsman who can perform sheet metal processing can perform the construction, and significantly reduces the labor and time required for the construction at the wall construction site. it can.
[0193]
Further, by using the decorative plate fixing member 100, the decorative plate 1 is pushed up from the rear side by the action of the decorative plate lifting mechanism constituted by the spring portion 5, the inclined surface portion 77, the fixing spacers 65, 66 and the like. It can be pressed against the stop margin of the stop portion 3. For this reason, even if the thickness of the decorative board 1 varies, the surface level of the connected decorative boards 1 can be adjusted by keeping the height level of the hanging allowance of the hook portion 3 constant. it can. Therefore, the finished surface of the applied decorative board 1 can be easily made flush.
[0194]
Further, the wall surface constructed by the above-mentioned wall construction assembly is excellent in aesthetic appearance because the adhesive, the anchor bolt, and the like are not seen from the gap of the decorative plate 1. In addition, since the metal joint is processed, weather resistance and durability are excellent. Furthermore, since the decorative plate fixing member 100 or the joint member 200 can be easily attached, the joint processing can be simplified, the construction efficiency can be improved, and the construction cost can be reduced.
[0195]
Further, in the conventional method, there is a risk that the decorative board 1 may be damaged and fall by an external force due to deterioration of the adhesive or an earthquake. However, in this embodiment, both ends of the decorative panel 1 can be gripped by the decorative panel fixing member 100 and can be suitably fixed to the wall surface 9. Also, by protecting and fixing the joints of the decorative panel 1 with, for example, two metal decorative panel fixing members 100, the decorative panel 1 is hardly cracked even when an external force is applied, and the decorative panel 1 peels off. Can be suitably prevented from falling.
[0196]
Further, for example, by forming the joint portion with a metal, deterioration of the joint portion can be suppressed by using a material having high corrosion strength of the metal. For this reason, the life of the joint is greatly extended.
[0197]
The decorative panel 1, the decorative panel fixing member 100, and the joint member 200 to be stuck on the wall surface 9 of the building can be factory-produced together. For this reason, it is possible to easily produce a product with a fixed joint size with high accuracy.
[0198]
By adhering, for example, a soft resin tape or the like to the side surface of the metal joint portion in contact with the decorative board 1, watertightness can be improved. Further, if the elasticity of the decorative panel fixing member 100 having the gap 7 and the elasticity of the joint member 200 are within the range of elastic deformation of the metal, the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the decorative panel 1 and the wall material of the building can be obtained. Dimensional change due to the above can be sufficiently absorbed. For this reason, for example, when the decorative panel 1 is installed so as to be closely fitted between the decorative panel fixing members 100 (such as in the case of the wall surface mounting method of the second embodiment), the decorative panel 1 due to a difference in thermal expansion is used. Deformation and cracking can be prevented.
[0199]
In addition, by setting the dimensions of the gap 7 in advance so as to absorb the dimensional deformation of the building due to an earthquake or the like, it is possible to prevent the decorative board 1 from being damaged at the time of an earthquake or the like.
[0200]
The finished size of the wall according to the conventional method is at least about 40 mm at least, but the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment can be reduced to, for example, about 12 mm. For this reason, when the decorative panel 1 is constructed on the indoor wall surface, the effective floor area occupied by the building can be increased. Further, by attaching the reinforcing plate 300 to the decorative plate 1, not only the strength of the decorative plate 1 is improved, but also the thickness of the decorative plate 1 can be reduced, so that the finished dimension of the wall surface can be further reduced. There is also.
[0201]
When the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment is applied to the interior of an exhibition hall or the like, replacement of the decorative panel 1 is easy and quick. Also, when the decorative board 1 is reused, the damage to the decorative board 1 can be reduced, so that the resources can be effectively used.
[0202]
Further, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is provided with the above-described water passage holes 40 and 41, the folded portion 38, the drainage space portion 39, and the like, so as to be excellent in drainage and blocking performance of rainwater and the like. Therefore, the decorative plate fixing member 100 can be sufficiently used not only for the inner wall but also for the outer wall.
[0203]
By bonding a metal plate, a resin film, or the like as the reinforcing plate 300 to the back surface of the decorative plate 1, it is possible to prevent the decorative plate 1 from being damaged and scattered when subjected to an external force. Further, for example, by using the reinforcing plate 300 and the decorative plate fixing member 100 together, the decorative plate 1 can be made thinner, and the weight of the wall material of the building can be reduced.
[0204]
For example, the reinforcing plate 300 can be made to have a predetermined length, and a plurality of decorative plates 1 can be manufactured in advance as an assembled product at a factory. For this reason, construction costs can be reduced.
[0205]
By manufacturing the reinforcing plate 300 with a material having low water permeability, it is possible to preferably prevent, for example, rainwater or the like from entering the inside of the decorative plate 1 from the outside. Further, at the time of wall construction, for example, by applying a sealant to the overlapping portion 53, the waterproofness can be further improved.
[0206]
By using the decorative panel 1 having the heat insulating material sheet 79 adhered to the back surface of the reinforcing plate 300 and the decorative panel fixing member 100 having the continuous spring portion 5 for the outer wall, it is possible to construct an outer wall with high waterproofness. In particular, it is possible to prevent dew condensation in the internal space between the decorative panel 1 and the wall surface 9 in a cold region or the like.
[0207]
Further, for example, by providing a ventilation groove or the like in a part (fixed portion) of the wall surface 9 of the building to which the decorative panel fixing member 100 is fixed, a gap between the decorative panel 1 and the wall surface 9 is provided. By utilizing the space that can be made, the air permeability inside the decorative board 1 can be ensured. For this reason, since the wall surface can be constructed by the method of ensuring ventilation, dew condensation inside the wall surface can be suitably prevented.
[0208]
As described above, the wall surface construction method according to the present embodiment can be used for protection of a heat insulating material when used for an outer wall of a building, for example, in an external heat insulation method. Furthermore, when the decorative panel 1 with the reinforcing plate 300 attached thereto is constructed using the decorative panel fixing member 100, the problem of dew condensation inside the wall due to the permeation of water vapor from the building and the penetration of rainwater can be improved. In the winter season or the like, dew condensation occurs on the back surface of the decorative panel 1. However, the reinforcing plate 300 prevents penetration into the decorative panel 1, and the space between the decorative panel 1 and the outer heat insulating surface can be finished by a ventilation method. It can be constructed so that the dropped water does not wet the insulation.
[0209]
As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is obvious that a person skilled in the art can conceive various changes or modifications within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims, and those changes naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention. It is understood to belong.
[0210]
For example, in the above embodiment, the decorative board 1 has a substantially rectangular (rectangular) shape, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The decorative board 1 may have an arbitrary shape such as a parallelogram, a rhombus, a trapezoid, a round shape, and an elliptical shape. However, it is preferable that both side ends to be hooked and fixed by the decorative plate fixing member 100 have substantially parallel shapes. For example, when the decorative board 1 has a substantially trapezoidal shape, it is preferable that parallel opposite sides of the trapezoid are, for example, the both side ends. In this case, for example, the vertical joint is, for example, a joint in an inclined direction instead of a substantially vertical direction.
[0211]
In the above embodiment, the example in which the stone board is used as the decorative board 1 has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example, and the decorative board 1 may be a slate board, a concrete board, a glass board, a ceramic board, a ceramic siding, or the like. It can be composed of various building wall materials.
[0212]
In the above embodiment, the decorative plate fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 are formed by, for example, roll forming a metal plate such as an iron plate, a stainless plate, or a copper plate. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. A material such as a synthetic resin material may be formed by deformed extrusion.
[0213]
The reinforcing plate 300 may be a metal plate-shaped product such as an iron plate, a stainless steel plate, or a copper plate, a net-like metal plate or a cloth-like material, or a hard board or metal with low water absorption. Extruded products. Also, it can be manufactured by extruded product of synthetic resin.
[0214]
Further, in the above embodiment, the decorative panel fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 are made of metal and are constructed so that the metal joint is formed on the finished surface, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the decorative plate fixing member 100 or the joint member 200 may be formed of various materials such as various synthetic resins such as plastics, wood, stone materials, glass, asbestos cement, ceramic, gypsum board, and ceramic materials. The wood is, for example, a baked cedar board or a board painted with armor. The ceramic material is, for example, a material obtained by mixing wood chips, chemical fibers, carbon fibers, and the like with cement and hardening the same. The plastic material is, for example, a PVC or PP material.
[0215]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the decorative plate fixing member 100 is installed and fixed to the wall surface 9 using the screw 80 or the like. However, the present invention is not limited to such an example. For example, an adhesive, a double-sided tape, urethane foam It may be installed using a body, screws, bolts and nuts.
[0216]
Further, in the above embodiment, the joint member 200 has a substantially U-shaped cross section or a substantially U-shaped cross section, but the present invention is not limited to this example. The joint member 200 can have various shapes as long as the joint member 200 can be fitted into the gap between the adjacent decorative boards 1. Further, a tape or a film, for example, may be attached to the joint surface portion 202 of the joint member 200 before or after construction. Further, the tape or the film may be provided with a pattern or a color to enhance the design of the joint. Further, the metal plate itself constituting the joint member 200 may be subjected to embossing or coating to improve the design.
[0219]
Further, the overhang portion 206 of the joint member 200 may be formed to have various cross-sectional shapes such as a substantially L-shape, a protruding shape, and a curved shape. Further, the joint member 200 does not necessarily need to include the overhang portion 206. In addition, the joint member 200 does not necessarily need to include the above-described protrusion 208.
[0218]
For example, when the joint member 200 has only the protrusion 208, both ends thereof are hooked on the hooks 3 of the decorative plate fixing member 100, and are fixed sufficiently stably in the gap between the adjacent decorative plates 1. Is done.
[0219]
When the joint member 200 has only the overhang portion 206, for example, the overhang portions 206 on both sides are hung on the back surface of the decorative board 1, and are sufficiently stably fixed in the gap. In this case, the joint member 200 may be retrofitted at the time of construction. That is, for example, a plurality of decorative plate fixing members 100 and decorative plates 1 may be combined, and after bonding the decorative plates 1, the joint members 200 may be fitted into gaps between the decorative plates 1. Thereby, the labor and time required for installing the joint member 200 can be reduced.
[0220]
Further, the joint member 200 is not always required to be provided as a wall construction assembly. For example, the vertical joint may not be formed of a metal joint. In this case, instead of the joint member 200, for example, a resin molded product having elasticity, a synthetic rubber plate having high elasticity, or the like can be used. Further, for example, as a substitute for the joint member 200, the finishing may be performed without using anything in the gap of the decorative board 1. In this case, it is preferable to provide, for example, a minute gap (for example, a width of about 1 mm) between the adjacent decorative boards 1. With such a configuration, when the decorative board 1 is thermally expanded, the amount of expansion in the minute gap can be absorbed, so that the decorative boards 1 do not interfere with each other to be damaged or fall off. It is preferable that the width of the minute gap is adjusted according to the expansion / shrinkage rate of the decorative board 1 depending on the material and size of the decorative board 1. Furthermore, for example, a sealing agent may be filled into the minute gap, or a soft resin molded product may be inserted.
[0221]
Further, in the above embodiment, the joint after the construction is a metal joint in which the upper surfaces of the decorative plate fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 are exposed, but the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the thickness of the decorative panel fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 is adjusted so that a space surrounded by the notch 20 for the hook portion and the upper surface of the hook portion 3 or a space surrounded by the side surface of the decorative plate 1 and the upper surface of the joint member 200. By securing a space to be used, such a space may be filled with a sealant or the like. Thereby, the gap between the decorative board fixing member 100 and the joint member 200 and the decorative board 1 can be filled with the sealant or the like. That is, for example, since sealing can be further performed on the metal joint, entry of rainwater or the like from the joint can be prevented, and the durability of the decorative panel-applied wall surface can be further improved. In this case, the consumption of the sealant can be significantly reduced as compared with the conventional consumption required for sealing the joint.
[0222]
Further, by inserting, for example, a soft resin tape, urethane foam, or the like on the side surface of the decorative board 1, the gap between the decorative board fixing member 100 or the joint member 200 and the side face of the decorative board 1 is closed. Water tightness can be improved.
[0223]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, since the wall application is performed by the horizontal application method, the hanging member 30 configures the horizontal joint and the joint member 200 configures the vertical joint. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. For example, the wall member of the vertical bonding method may be used to form the hanging member 30 as a vertical joint and the joint member 200 as a horizontal joint. Further, when the decorative board 1 has a trapezoidal shape, for example, the joint member 200 can form an oblique joint.
[0224]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the construction method of the horizontal pasting method in which the decorative board 1 is pasted from left to right as described above is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and may be, for example, a vertical pasting method. Specifically, a plurality of decorative board fixing members 100 are installed at the same pitch as above with reference to the right or left end of the wall surface 9 so that the longitudinal direction thereof is vertical, and the decorative boards 1 are stacked vertically. And so on. In this case, a wedge such as a piece of wood or an elastic resin rod, an adhesive or the like is inserted into the insertion gap 50 between the connecting portion 2 and the decorative board 1 each time the decorative board 1 is fitted. Thus, the decorative board 1 may be prevented from laterally moving.
[0225]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the finished surface of the decorative board can be easily and accurately aligned. In addition, since the finished dimensions from the wall of the building can be reduced by using the thin decorative panel, the effective internal volume of the building can be secured. Further, since the end of the decorative panel is hooked and fixed by the hook portion, the decorative panel can be more stably fixed to the wall surface. Therefore, peeling and falling of the decorative board can be prevented even after long-term use. In addition, the joint between the decorative boards can be easily installed and the durability is high, and the amount of the sealant used can be reduced.
[0226]
Therefore, it is possible to greatly speed up and facilitate the application of the decorative panel-applied wall surface, and it is also possible to improve the quality and life of the finished surface.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an aspect in which the decorative plate fixing member according to the first embodiment fixes the decorative plate to a wall surface.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the joint member according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a wall surface construction method using the wall surface construction assembly according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an aspect of the wall surface constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a semi-finished product in a processing step when producing the decorative plate fixing member of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an aspect in which the decorative plate fixing member according to the second embodiment fixes the decorative plate to a wall surface.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a joint member according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a joint member according to a modification of the second embodiment.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a wall surface construction method using the wall surface construction assembly according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing an aspect of a wall surface constructed by the wall surface construction method according to the second embodiment.
13A, 13B, and 13C are a perspective view, a side view, and a front view showing a decorative board according to a first modification.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a first modification;
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an aspect in which the decorative plate fixing member according to the first modification fixes the decorative plate to a wall surface.
FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a single reinforcing plate according to a second modification.
FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing three reinforcing plates according to a second modification;
FIG. 18 is a side view showing a decorative plate to which three reinforcing plates according to the second modification are attached.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing a decorative board to which three reinforcing plates according to the second modification are attached.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a second modification.
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a mode in which a decorative plate fixing member according to Modification 2 fixes a decorative plate to which a reinforcing plate is attached to a wall surface.
FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a decorative panel fixing member according to the second modification.
FIG. 23 is a side view illustrating a decorative plate fixing member according to a third modification;
FIG. 24 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a fourth modification;
FIG. 25 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the decorative plate fixing member according to the fourth modification.
FIG. 26 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a fifth modification;
FIG. 27 is a perspective view showing a fixing spacer of a decorative plate fixing member according to a fifth modification.
FIG. 28 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an aspect in which a decorative panel fixing member according to Modification 5 fixes the decorative panel to a wall surface.
FIG. 29 is a perspective view showing a decorative plate fixing member according to a sixth modification.
FIG. 30 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an aspect in which a decorative panel fixing member according to Modification 6 fixes the decorative panel to a wall surface.
FIG. 31 is a perspective view, a side view, and a front view showing a decorative plate according to a seventh modification;
FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view showing an aspect in which a decorative plate fixing member according to Modification 7 fixes the decorative plate to a wall surface.
FIG. 33 is a side view showing a modification of the shape of the hooking portion 3 of the decorative plate fixing member according to modification 8;
FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment in which the decorative plate is fixed to a wall surface by a conventional dry method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: decorative board
2: Connecting part
3: Hook
4: Base
5: Spring part
5a, 5b: spring part
6: Spring holder
6a, 6b: spring holder part
7: Clearance
8: Fixed plate
9: Wall
16: crushed part
19: Goby fold
21: Film cover
25: Drill hole
26: Anchor bolt
27: Drill hole
28: Metal wire
29: Drill hole
30: Dowel
31: Adhesive
32: Sealant
38: Turnback part
39: Draining space
40: water hole
41: Water hole
50: Insertion gap
51: Non-flat adjustment sheet
52: Bottom part
53: Overlapping part
54: Upper startup section
55: Lower startup section
56: Cut
57: chamfer
58: Adhesive
59: Hook groove
65: Fixed spacer
66: Fixed spacer
71: Integrated spring member
73: Spot weld
74: Rivet
77: Inclined surface
79: Insulation sheet
80: Screw nail
100: decorative plate fixing member
200: Joint member
202: joint surface
204: support
206: Overhang
208: protrusion
300: reinforcing plate

Claims

A wall construction assembly that covers a wall with multiple veneers:
A plurality of decorative plates having a substantially rectangular shape;
A decorative panel fixing member having a longitudinal direction in which the plurality of decorative panels are connected;
With
The decorative plate fixing member includes:
A base attached to the wall;
A hook portion formed on the other side of the base portion, wherein at least one side is hooked on a locked portion of the decorative plate to lock the decorative plate;
A decorative plate pushing-up mechanism provided on the base portion, which pushes up a back surface of the decorative plate and sandwiches and fixes the decorative plate between the decorative plate and the hook;
A wall construction assembly, comprising:

The decorative plate lifting mechanism comprises:
The wall construction assembly according to claim 1, further comprising one or more spring portions that push up the back surface of the decorative board by elastic force.

The wall assembly according to claim 2, wherein the spring part is formed by folding at least a part of an end of the base part.

4. The wall assembly according to claim 2, wherein the spring portion is formed by cutting and raising at least a part of the base portion. 5.

The wall assembly according to any one of claims 2, 3 and 4, wherein the spring part comprises a spring member held by a spring holder part provided on the base part.

The decorative plate lifting mechanism comprises:
An inclined surface portion formed such that at least a portion of the base portion facing the engaging portion is substantially inclined with respect to a back surface of the decorative plate;
A fixed spacer pressed between the back surface of the decorative plate and the inclined surface;
A wall application assembly according to any of claims 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that it comprises:

The wall assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, wherein the decorative plate fixing member is formed by bending a single metal plate.

The decorative plate fixing member includes:
A fixed plate connected to the base portion and fixed to the wall surface;
The assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, wherein the base is attached to the wall via the fixing plate.

The decorative plate fixing member includes:
9. A gap according to claim 1, further comprising a gap for fixing said decorative boards adjacent to each other in the short direction. A wall construction assembly according to claim 1.

10. The decorative plate fixing member according to claim 1, wherein one or two or more water holes are formed. Wall assembly.

The wall surface according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, wherein the decorative plate has a reinforcing plate attached to at least a back surface side. Construction assembly.

The locked part of the decorative board is a surface of the decorative board, according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11. The described wall construction assembly.

The locked portion of the decorative plate is a groove for a hook formed on an end surface of the decorative plate, wherein the lock portion is formed on the end surface of the decorative plate. A wall construction assembly according to any of claims 9, 10 or 11.

6. The latch according to claim 1, wherein the locked portion of the decorative plate is a notch for a hook formed at at least one end of a surface of the decorative plate. A wall construction assembly according to any of 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12.

The wall assembly according to claim 14, wherein a space surrounded by the hook and the notch for the hook can be filled with a sealant.

The plurality of decorative panels to which the decorative panel fixing members are connected are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween,
9. The wall mounting assembly according to claim 1, further comprising one or more joint members formed to fit into the gap. , 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 or 15.

17. The wall mounting assembly according to claim 16, wherein the joint member has protrusions at both ends in a longitudinal direction thereof, the protrusions being hooked to the hooks of the decorative plate fixing member.

It is used for a wall construction assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1011, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17. , Decorative board.

It is used for a wall construction assembly according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1011, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 or 17. , Decorative plate fixing members.

A joint member for use in a wall application assembly according to claim 16.

A wall construction method using: a plurality of decorative plates having a substantially rectangular shape; and a decorative plate fixing member that connects the plurality of decorative plates to a wall surface:
The decorative plate fixing member includes:
A base attached to the wall;
A hook formed on the other side of the base, and hooking the decorative board by hooking at least one side of the base to a locked portion of the decorative board;
A decorative plate pushing-up mechanism provided on the base portion, for pushing up a back surface of the decorative plate and sandwiching and fixing the decorative plate between the decorative plate and the hook;
With
The wall construction method
The two decorative plate fixing members attached to the wall face sandwich the both ends of the plurality of decorative plates between the hooking portion and the decorative plate pushing-up mechanism, respectively. A method for constructing a wall surface, comprising:

The wall construction method
(1) attaching the decorative plate fixing member to the wall surface;
(2) inserting one end of each of the plurality of decorative boards between the hook portion of the attached decorative board fixing member and the decorative board lifting mechanism;
(3) The other side ends of the plurality of decorative boards are inserted between the engaging portion of the other decorative board fixing member and the decorative board lifting mechanism, so that the other decorative board fixing member is inserted. Attaching to the wall surface;
(4) repeating the steps (2) and (3) as needed;
22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising:

The wall construction method
(1) attaching a plurality of the decorative plate fixing members to the wall surface substantially in parallel with a predetermined pitch according to the size of the decorative plate;
(2) After inserting one end of the decorative board between the hook of the decorative board fixing member of one of the plurality of decorative board fixing members attached and the decorative board lifting mechanism, The other end of the decorative board having the one end inserted therein is fitted between the engaging portion of another decorative board fixing member adjacent to the first decorative board fixing member and the decorative board lifting mechanism. Process;
(3) repeating the step (2) for the plurality of decorative boards, and connecting the plurality of decorative boards between the adjacent decorative board fixing members;
22. The method according to claim 21, further comprising:

The decorative plate lifting mechanism comprises:
The method according to any one of claims 21, 22, and 23, further comprising one or more spring portions that push up the back surface of the decorative board by elastic force.

The decorative plate lifting mechanism comprises:
An inclined surface portion formed of a portion of the base portion facing the hook portion so as to be substantially inclined with respect to the back surface of the decorative plate;
A fixed spacer pressed between the back surface of the decorative plate and the inclined surface;
The method according to any one of claims 21, 22, 23 and 24, further comprising:

The decorative plate fixing member,
The method according to any one of claims 21, 22, 23, 24, and 25, wherein the mounting method is attached to the wall via a fixing plate connected to the base and fixed to the wall.

The method according to any one of claims 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 or 26, wherein the locked portion of the decorative plate is a surface of the decorative plate.

27. The decorative plate according to claim 21, wherein the locked portion of the decorative plate is a hook groove formed on an end surface of the decorative plate. A wall construction method according to any of the above.

27. The latch according to claim 22, wherein the locked portion of the decorative plate is a notch for a hook formed at at least one end of a surface of the decorative plate. 28. The wall construction method according to any one of 27.

30. The method according to claim 29, wherein a sealant is filled in a space surrounded by the hook and the notch for the hook.

The plurality of decorative panels to which the decorative panel fixing members are connected are arranged in parallel with a gap therebetween.
The one or more joint members formed to fit in the gap are attached to the gap. 30. The wall construction method according to any one of 30.