JP2020139352A - Roof structure capable of increasing and decreasing friction with snow accumulation - Google Patents
Roof structure capable of increasing and decreasing friction with snow accumulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は屋根と、それに積もった雪との間に生ずる摩擦のコントロールに関するものである。 The present invention relates to the control of friction between the roof and the snow that accumulates on it.
豪雪地帯の屋根に積もった雪下ろし作業は重労働であり、毎年それに拘わる事故により多くの死者や負傷者を出しており、加えて近年の高齢化により雪下ろしが可能な作業員の不足という問題も起こっている。 The work of removing snow on the roof of a heavy snowfall area is hard work, and every year the accidents involved cause many deaths and injuries. In addition, the aging of the population in recent years has caused a shortage of workers who can remove snow. There is.
特許文献１及び２は作業する人員が必要であり、労力を必要とする。
更に屋根に登っての滑落の危険は無いとは言え、作業者は落下してくる雪に注意する必要がある。
特許文献３は、積雪量によっては緩んだシートを引っ張る非常に強い力を必要とし、特に屋根上の雪が凍結して大きな雪板状となった場合は、更なる大きな力が必要となり、その場合、屋根構造に想定外の力を加えることになる。
と、いった問題があった。
Furthermore, although there is no danger of climbing the roof and slipping down, workers need to be careful of falling snow.
There was such a problem.
特許文献４は電熱を利用して、一部の屋根上の積雪を溶かして滑落させるものがあるが、これは滑落のタイミングが予測出来ず、危険である。
屋根上の積雪に対して、作業者が屋根に上がる事無く、前記屋根上の積雪と前記屋根との摩擦を任意のタイミングで減少させる。 With respect to the snow cover on the roof, the friction between the snow cover on the roof and the roof is reduced at an arbitrary timing without the operator going up to the roof.
外側に膨らむ様に突出または湾曲させた状態で変形可能に保持した部材を屋根の棟方向または前記屋根の勾配方向と交わる方向に複数配置したものを屋根構造とし、
積雪時の任意のタイミングで前記部材の一部を移動させる事で、前記積雪と、前記積雪と接する屋根部材との間に空隙が生じ、前記積雪と接する屋根部材との間の摩擦を大きく減少させて積雪の滑落を引き起こさせる。
原理的には製氷皿を捻って中の氷を取り出す事に似ている。
A roof structure is formed by arranging a plurality of members that are deformably held in a state of protruding or curved so as to bulge outward in the direction of the roof ridge or in the direction intersecting the slope direction of the roof.
By moving a part of the member at an arbitrary timing during snow cover, a gap is created between the snow cover and the roof member in contact with the snow cover, and the friction between the roof member in contact with the snow cover is greatly reduced. Let it cause the snow to slide down.
In principle, it is similar to twisting an ice tray to remove the ice inside.
（定義）
特に説明がない限り、本出願における「変形」とは、突出した屋根部材の一部を、任意のタイミングで、前記屋根部材の突出方向またはその反対方向に移動させて、前記屋根形状が変化することを指す。
(Definition)
Unless otherwise specified, "deformation" in the present application means that a part of a protruding roof member is moved in the protruding direction of the roof member or in the opposite direction at an arbitrary timing to change the roof shape. Point to that.
本出願における低温とはマイナス２０度程度を指し、極低温とはマイナス４０度程度を指す。 In this application, low temperature means about -20 degrees, and cryogenic temperature means about -40 degrees.
本出願における「屋根部材の長さ方向」とは棟から軒先方向または、屋根勾配の勾配方向である。
また、本出願における「板幅」とは前記屋根部材の長さ方向と直交する方向の部材の幅を指す。
また、本出願における「断面」とは特に記載が無い限り、前記前記屋根部材の長さ方向と直交する面で切った面を指す。
The "length direction of the roof member" in the present application is the direction from the ridge to the eaves or the slope direction of the roof slope.
Further, the "plate width" in the present application refers to the width of the member in the direction orthogonal to the length direction of the roof member.
Further, unless otherwise specified, the "cross section" in the present application refers to a surface cut by a surface orthogonal to the length direction of the roof member.
本件発明は任意のタイミングで屋根部材の形状を変形させる事で、屋根上の積雪と屋根との間の接触面積を大きく変え、摩擦を大幅に減少させる事により屋根上の積雪自体の重さで滑落させる事で、その雪下ろし作業を屋根に登る事無く、安全に行えるものである。 In the present invention, by deforming the shape of the roof member at an arbitrary timing, the contact area between the snow cover on the roof and the roof is greatly changed, and the friction is significantly reduced by the weight of the snow cover itself on the roof. By sliding it down, the snow removal work can be done safely without climbing the roof.
また、変形前の平常時（積雪待機時）の屋根形状は外側に膨らむ様に突出または湾曲させた部材が、隣り合う前記屋根部材同士の水平方向の距離が徐々に狭くなり、ついには互いが接する、または最も近くなる谷間の様な断面形状を持つ事で、最初の積雪では谷間部分から雪が積もりはじめる。
この時積雪の圧力は重力方向のみならず、屋根の谷間ではその谷間を広げる方向にも生じ、この圧力は更なる積雪により、より強くなる。
従って、雪の自重により屋根の勾配方向に滑落しようとする力は、その広い接触面積により本発明の屋根と雪の間に生ずる摩擦は、平面部に積もった雪より大きなものとなり、屋根上の雪を保持して、屋根からの不用意な雪の滑落を防ぐ。
In addition, the roof shape in normal times (when waiting for snow) before deformation is such that the members that protrude or bend so as to bulge outward gradually narrow the horizontal distance between the adjacent roof members, and finally each other. By having a cross-sectional shape like a valley that touches or is closest to it, snow begins to accumulate from the valley part in the first snowfall.
At this time, the pressure of the snow cover is generated not only in the direction of gravity but also in the direction of widening the valley in the valley of the roof, and this pressure becomes stronger due to the further snow cover.
Therefore, the force that tends to slide down in the slope direction of the roof due to the weight of the snow is such that the friction generated between the roof and the snow of the present invention due to its wide contact area is larger than that of the snow accumulated on the flat surface, and is on the roof. Holds the snow and prevents it from slipping off the roof inadvertently.
使用者の判断、もしくはセンサーの検出により、一定の積雪量になった時、
手動もしくは液圧、電気モーターなどの動力により、本発明の屋根構造の一部を移動させる事で、屋根部材が変形して、今まで接していた屋根と屋根に積もった雪との間に空隙が生じ、今まで滑落をつなぎ止めていた摩擦が急激に減って、屋根上の積雪は滑落する。
この時、前記屋根部材を部分的に順次変形させると、滑落させる部分を順次コントロールする事が出来る。
When the amount of snow reaches a certain level due to the judgment of the user or the detection of the sensor,
By moving a part of the roof structure of the present invention manually or by hydraulic pressure, electric motor, etc., the roof member is deformed and a gap is formed between the roof that has been in contact until now and the snow that has accumulated on the roof. The friction that used to hold the slip down sharply decreases, and the snow on the roof slides down.
At this time, if the roof member is partially deformed in sequence, the sliding portion can be controlled in sequence.
（屋根部材の起伏形状を変形可能な屋根構造）
図１や３の様に屋根部材自体またはその一部に変形可能な柔軟性があるか、使用する部材に十分な変形可能な柔軟性がなくとも、図２や４の様に、その一部または全部を波板状に加工する事によって柔軟性が得られる様にした屋根部材を例えばｆ２Aの様に前記屋根部材の板幅より狭い保持枠で、外側に膨らむアーチ状にしたものを複数配置して屋根とする。
この時、前記屋根に積もった雪の重さによって、前記アーチ状の形状が変形しない様に前記アーチ状の部材の内側に図７、８に例を挙げる様に変形、移動可能な補強材、または膨張収縮可能な気室（図示しない）を備えていても良い。
また、積雪を滑落させる際の本件屋根部材の変形後の形状は必ずしも変形前の反転形状である必要は無く、その屋根部材の変形により、前記屋根部材変形前の屋根上の積雪の断面形状と屋根部材との間に空隙が出来る形状変化が有れば良い。
(Roof structure that can deform the undulating shape of roof members)
Even if the roof member itself or a part thereof has deformable flexibility as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, or the member used does not have sufficient deformable flexibility, a part thereof is shown as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4. Alternatively, a plurality of roof members, such as f2A, which are made flexible by processing the entire roof member into a corrugated plate shape, are arranged in an arch shape that bulges outward with a holding frame narrower than the plate width of the roof member. And make it a roof.
At this time, the reinforcing material that can be deformed and moved inside the arch-shaped member as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 so that the arch-shaped shape is not deformed by the weight of the snow accumulated on the roof. Alternatively, an air chamber (not shown) that can expand and contract may be provided.
Further, the shape of the roof member after deformation when sliding down the snow does not necessarily have to be the inverted shape before deformation, and the deformation of the roof member results in the cross-sectional shape of the snow on the roof before the deformation of the roof member. It suffices if there is a shape change that creates a gap between the roof member and the roof member.
（材質）
本発明に使用される、雪と接触可能な屋根部材の材質は想定される低温において、その柔軟性を失わず、その変形時に加わる力による脆性が見られないものが求められる。
例えば、図２、４、６に示す様に板材や波板加工を全部または一部に施した金属薄板や、ポリカーボネート等の低温での脆化の少ない樹脂、同じく低温での脆化の少ないＦＲＰ、ＣＦＲＰ、ＣＦＴＰ（熱可塑性炭素繊維プラスチック）、等の複合材料などとの組み合わせ、または前記複合材料で作られても良く、図６のｆ６Ｃ、ｆ６Ｄの様に湾曲可能部材の基部に弾性体を使って前記屋根部材の変形時に加わる力を吸収させても良い。
特にオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼は低温脆性が無いため、前記オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼薄板をそのまま、または波板状に加工したものは屋根部材として極低温環境に対応可能である。
(Material)
The material of the roof member used in the present invention that can come into contact with snow is required to be one that does not lose its flexibility at an assumed low temperature and does not show brittleness due to the force applied during its deformation.
For example, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 6, a thin metal plate which has been subjected to plate material or corrugated plate processing in whole or in part, a resin such as polycarbonate which is less embrittled at low temperature, and FRP which is also less embrittled at low temperature. , CFRP, CFTP (thermoplastic carbon fiber plastic), etc., or may be made of the composite material, and an elastic body is provided at the base of the bendable member as in f6C and f6D of FIG. It may be used to absorb the force applied when the roof member is deformed.
In particular, since austenitic stainless steel does not have low temperature brittleness, the austenitic stainless steel thin plate as it is or processed into a corrugated plate can be used as a roof member in an extremely low temperature environment.
また、前記屋根部材の変形時、湾曲可能部材の取り付け基部の湾曲可能部材の向きが大きく変化する部分には図６のｆ６Ｅの様にヒンジを設けても良い。
また、前記屋根部材の何れかとの雪と接触可能な部分の一部または全部に、撥水、撥雪加工がされるか、撥水、撥雪素材が塗装、溶着、蒸着、接着、ラミネートされていても良く、想定の低温下の変形時における脆性が見られないものであれば、撥水または撥雪素材そのものが使われていても良い。
Further, a hinge may be provided as shown in f6E of FIG. 6 at a portion where the orientation of the bendable member of the mounting base of the bendable member changes significantly when the roof member is deformed.
In addition, a part or all of the portion of the roof member that can come into contact with snow is water-repellent or snow-repellent, or a water-repellent or snow-repellent material is painted, welded, vapor-deposited, adhered, or laminated. The water-repellent or snow-repellent material itself may be used as long as it does not show brittleness when deformed at a low temperature.
（凸型形状の補強および変形）
撓み柔軟性のある屋根部材は、変形前の通常時においては、外側に膨らむ様にアーチ状（Semi-cylindrical）に撓み、その状態が保持される様に枠で固定されている。
(Reinforcement and deformation of convex shape)
The flexible roof member bends in an arch shape (Semi-cylindrical) so as to bulge outward in the normal state before deformation, and is fixed by a frame so that the state is maintained.
本来、アーチ型の形状は外圧からの変形に強い形状ではあるが、形状変化を前提とした柔軟性を持つ板で屋根部材を構成すると、アーチ型の幅が小さい場合を除き、積雪による圧力には必然的によって変形し易く、その場合、予期せず変形する事で不意の雪の滑落は予防できない。 Originally, the arch-shaped shape is resistant to deformation from external pressure, but if the roof member is made of flexible plates that are premised on shape changes, the pressure due to snow cover will be applied unless the arch-shaped width is small. Is inevitably easily deformed, and in that case, unexpected deformation cannot prevent unexpected snow slippage.
そこで、図７，８に例を挙げる様に、その形状と、それにかかる積雪荷重を内側から支える移動または回転可能なフレーム、骨材が入り、内部から前記屋根部材を支え、かつ屋根部材の任意のタイミングで動作するメカニズムによる変形を邪魔しない位置に退避可能な補強材が配置されるべきである。
また、前記屋根部材を補強している部材の移動と連動して、屋根を変形させても良い。
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a movable or rotatable frame and aggregate that support the shape and the snow load applied thereto from the inside are inserted, and the roof member is supported from the inside and the roof member is optional. Reinforcement materials that can be retracted should be placed in a position that does not interfere with the deformation by the mechanism that operates at the timing of.
Further, the roof may be deformed in conjunction with the movement of the member reinforcing the roof member.
なお、屋根部材の移動/変形は一時的であっても良く、前記屋根部材の一部の移動は大きな形状の変化を必ずしも必要としない。
また、その移動方向は上方向または前記屋根構造の外側方向の移動であっても良い。
例えば、積雪と接した屋根部材の下にセットしたローラーを変形可能な屋根部材の下から上方向に僅かに持ち上げる様に通過させる事で、前記積雪と、前記屋根部材との癒着した状態が解ければ、その屋根部材の変形が小さくとも、前記積雪の滑落は可能である（図示しない）。
その際、前記ローラーに振動を与えたり、前記ローラー自身が偏心ローラーで振動を起こしても良い（図示しない）。
The movement / deformation of the roof member may be temporary, and the movement of a part of the roof member does not necessarily require a large change in shape.
Further, the moving direction may be upward or outward movement of the roof structure.
For example, by passing a roller set under the roof member in contact with the snow so as to slightly lift it upward from under the deformable roof member, the state of adhesion between the snow and the roof member can be solved. Then, even if the deformation of the roof member is small, the snow cover can slide down (not shown).
At that time, the roller may be vibrated, or the roller itself may be vibrated by the eccentric roller (not shown).
また、積雪荷重を支えるフレーム、骨材の代わりに、変形可能な気密容器、または気密袋等の気室に加圧された気体を充填したものを用いても良い。 Further, instead of the frame and aggregate that support the snow load, a deformable airtight container or an airtight bag or the like filled with a pressurized gas may be used.
また、密閉された気室の形状が、前記気室の加圧または減圧により変形することにより屋根の起伏状態を変化させても良い。
更に、前記屋根部材に雨や雹等が当たって破損や音が発生する事を防ぐ為、前記屋根部材の内側または外側に低温でも固化、脆化しない柔軟な弾性体または発泡体を接着、ラミネートしても良い。
開閉と加圧減圧可能な密閉された柔軟な気室を使って前記屋根部材の補強材とする利点は柔軟な気室は氷結しにくいので、氷結によるメカニズム膠着の可能性が少なく、軽量に実現出来る点にある。
Further, the shape of the closed air chamber may be deformed by pressurization or depressurization of the air chamber to change the undulating state of the roof.
Further, in order to prevent damage or noise from being hit by rain or hail on the roof member, a flexible elastic body or foam that does not solidify or embrittle even at low temperatures is adhered and laminated on the inside or outside of the roof member. You may.
The advantage of using a closed flexible air chamber that can be opened and closed and pressurized and depressurized as a reinforcing material for the roof member is that the flexible air chamber is less likely to freeze, so there is less possibility of mechanical sticking due to freezing, and it is lightweight. There is a point that can be done.
前記屋根部材の変形時における前記補強材の退避移動時には前記屋根部材に積雪の圧力が加わって、その退避移動時には大きな摩擦や、可動部分の氷結が予想される。
従って、前記補強材の退避が容易になる様にローラー、潤滑材、潤滑剤などで摩擦を軽減させても良く、可動部分には低温でも固化しないグリース等で覆うべきである。
また、前記メカニズムや気室による屋根部材の変形は、一度に変形させても良いし、部分的な変形を順次行っても良く、例えば、同じ屋根部材の中で高さ方向に順次変形させても良いし、棟方向または屋根の勾配方向と交わる方向に複数の屋根部材を順次変形させても良い。
When the reinforcing material is retracted and moved when the roof member is deformed, the pressure of snow is applied to the roof member, and when the roof member is retracted and moved, large friction and freezing of moving parts are expected.
Therefore, friction may be reduced with a roller, a lubricant, a lubricant, or the like so that the reinforcing material can be easily retracted, and the moving portion should be covered with grease or the like that does not solidify even at a low temperature.
Further, the roof member may be deformed at once by the mechanism or the air chamber, or may be partially deformed in sequence. For example, the roof member may be sequentially deformed in the height direction in the same roof member. Alternatively, the plurality of roof members may be sequentially deformed in the direction intersecting the ridge direction or the slope direction of the roof.
図９のf９Ａはアーチ形に湾曲させた柔軟な板を固定して保持する基部３７と、移動可能な保持部３６を棟方向に交互に配置された屋根構造で、ｆ９Ｂの様に手前のみ９方向に３６が動いて屋根部材が変形して、積雪との空隙を作る。
同様にｆ９Ｃはｆ９Ｂに加えて奥側も３６が９方向に動いて、更に広い範囲で空隙が出来るもので、３６の移動のタイミングは同時で無くても良い。
図９は図９以前に説明してきた他の屋根構造に比べて屋根部材の変形量が少なく、アーチ状の湾曲の水平方向の幅を小さく取れば、それ自体の剛性で屋根部材の裏側から支えるべき補強材も不要となるので、比較的曲がりにくいオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼薄板を使っても可能である。
また、この方式は可動部分を少なく出来、氷結で部材が固着して動作不良になる危険性が少なくなるメリットもある。
F9A in FIG. 9 has a roof structure in which a
Similarly, in f9C, in addition to f9B, 36 moves in 9 directions on the back side to form a gap in a wider range, and the timing of movement of 36 does not have to be simultaneous.
FIG. 9 shows that the amount of deformation of the roof member is smaller than that of the other roof structures described before FIG. 9, and if the horizontal width of the arch-shaped curve is made small, the roof member is supported from the back side by its own rigidity. Since no reinforcing material is required, it is possible to use an austenitic stainless steel sheet that is relatively difficult to bend.
In addition, this method has the advantage that the number of moving parts can be reduced and the risk of malfunction due to sticking of members due to freezing is reduced.
（V字部の摩擦）
屋根勾配のある一般的な屋根部材に、撥水材（剤）、撥雪材（剤）が使われていると、前記屋根部材とそれに積もる雪との間の摩擦は小さくなり前記雪を滑落させやすくするが、反面、積雪の不意な滑落は予測し難く危険である。
(Friction of V-shaped part)
When a water-repellent material (agent) or a snow-repellent material (agent) is used for a general roof member having a roof slope, the friction between the roof member and the snow accumulated on the roof member becomes small and the snow slides down. On the other hand, unexpected slipping of snow is unpredictable and dangerous.
本出願のアーチ状屋根部材上に雪が積もり始めると、隣り合う前記アーチ状屋根部材同士との間に出来るV字状の谷間部から積雪してゆく。
この時、前記アーチ状屋根部材と雪が接する面積は平らな屋根に雪が積もった際より大きく、更に積雪量が増す事により、図５のｆ５−１〜ｆ５−４に見られる様に、雪の自重で前記谷間部に雪が押しつけられる圧力が増えて事実上の積雪と接する前記アーチ状屋根部材との摩擦が増える。
従ってこの状態で、屋根の積雪は容易には滑落しないので、前記積雪の不用意な滑落による危険を回避できる。
When snow begins to accumulate on the arched roof members of the present application, snow accumulates from the V-shaped valley formed between the adjacent arched roof members.
At this time, the area where the arch-shaped roof member and the snow come into contact with each other is larger than when the snow is piled up on the flat roof, and as the amount of snow piled up further increases, as seen in f5-1 to f5-4 of FIG. The pressure with which the snow is pressed against the valley due to its own weight increases, and the friction with the arched roof member in contact with the actual snow cover increases.
Therefore, in this state, the snow on the roof does not easily slide down, so that the danger of the inadvertent sliding down of the snow can be avoided.
（突起）
更に、前記谷間部分に、アーチ状の屋根部材の一部を移動して、前記屋根部材を変形させる際に連動して、引き込みまたは折りたたみ可能な突起を設けても良い。
この突起により、摩擦によってのみで無く障害物によって確実に屋根の積雪の滑落を防ぐ事が出来る。
(Protrusion)
Further, a retractable or foldable protrusion may be provided in the valley portion in conjunction with moving a part of the arch-shaped roof member to deform the roof member.
With this protrusion, it is possible to surely prevent the snow cover from slipping down on the roof not only by friction but also by obstacles.
（滑落の制御）
センサー、またはセンサーとコンピューター、または人による雪下ろしのタイミングの判断が出た時点で、人力または他の動力により、外側に膨らんだ前記アーチ状の屋根部材を内側に引く（図１〜４、６〜９の例の場合）事で、前記屋根部材の一部が内側に変形し、前記屋根部材と前記屋根に積もった雪との間に突然空間が生じる。
(Control of sliding down)
When the sensor, or the sensor and computer, or a person determines the timing of snow removal, the arched roof member that bulges outward is pulled inward by human power or other power (Figs. 1 to 4, 6 to 6). (In the case of 9), a part of the roof member is deformed inward, and a space is suddenly created between the roof member and the snow accumulated on the roof.
これは前記屋根部材と積雪との間の接触面積と接触摩擦が突然に減少する事であり、前記屋根に積もった雪の重さに対して屋根に留まろうとする力が突然減少する事でもある。
この時、前記屋根部材と前記屋根に積もった雪との間に生じた空間に前記雪が崩落したり、前記雪自体の重さにより、前記積雪に亀裂が生じたりして、結果的に前記屋根の斜面を前記屋根上の積雪は滑落する。
この時、前記外側に突出した形状の屋根部材を移動させるタイミングを部分的に順次ずらす事により、屋根上の積雪を計画的に順次滑落させる事が出来る。
This means that the contact area and contact friction between the roof member and the snow cover suddenly decrease, and the force that tries to stay on the roof with respect to the weight of the snow accumulated on the roof suddenly decreases. is there.
At this time, the snow collapses in the space formed between the roof member and the snow accumulated on the roof, or the weight of the snow itself causes cracks in the snow, resulting in the roof. The snow on the roof slides down the slope.
At this time, by partially and sequentially shifting the timing of moving the roof member having a shape protruding outward, it is possible to systematically and sequentially slide down the snow on the roof.
（振動）
本件発明による屋根部材において、前記屋根部材と接した積雪が一部溶けて再び凍結する事により、互いが癒着する可能性がある。
その場合、前記屋根部材の一部または全部を振動させてその癒着を剥離させると良い。
具体的には例えば、前記屋根部材の一部をハンマー等で打ち、前記屋根部材を衝撃で振動させて前記癒着部分を剥離させたり、
振動装置を使い、低周波の振動を、前記屋根部材の一部または全部に与えたり、
超音波領域で前記屋根部材の一部または全部を振動させ、その微細な振動で屋根部材とそれに癒着した積雪との間に摩擦熱を生じさせ、一時的に氷結を溶かして剥離させても良い。
また、前記ハンマーや前記振動装置と前記超音波を組み合わせて使用しても良い。
尚、前記振動の方向は特に定めない。
(vibration)
In the roof member according to the present invention, there is a possibility that the snow cover in contact with the roof member partially melts and freezes again, so that they adhere to each other.
In that case, it is preferable to vibrate a part or all of the roof member to peel off the adhesion.
Specifically, for example, a part of the roof member is hit with a hammer or the like, and the roof member is vibrated by an impact to peel off the adhesion portion.
Using a vibrating device, apply low-frequency vibration to a part or all of the roof member,
A part or all of the roof member may be vibrated in the ultrasonic region, and the minute vibration may generate frictional heat between the roof member and the snow adhering to the roof member to temporarily melt the freezing and peel it off. ..
Further, the hammer or the vibrating device and the ultrasonic wave may be used in combination.
The direction of the vibration is not particularly determined.
（発熱体）
本件出願の屋根部材は、任意のタイミングで発生する熱が、屋根部材に伝わる配置がなされた、電熱ヒーターなどの発熱体または、液体や気体の熱媒体が循環可能なパイプ等が配線、配管されていても良い。
また、前記発熱体を屋根部材に内蔵、または前記屋根部材そのものが発熱体で有っても良い。
(Heating element)
The roof member of the present application is wired and piped with a heating element such as an electric heater or a pipe capable of circulating a liquid or gas heat medium in which heat generated at an arbitrary timing is transmitted to the roof member. You may be.
Further, the heating element may be built in the roof member, or the roof member itself may be a heating element.
本明細書に記載の実施例及び図面はあくまで一例に過ぎず、前記実施例及び図面に本発明が限定される事は無く、本出願の請求項に記載の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲であれば、本発明に含まれる。 The examples and drawings described in the present specification are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples and drawings, as long as it does not deviate from the gist described in the claims of the present application. Included in the present invention.
ｆ１Ａ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形可能な屋根部材の積雪時の待機状態（断面形状）
ｆ１Ｂ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形後の屋根部材の雪下ろし時の状態（断面形状）
ｆ２Ａ 波板で作られた変形可能な屋根部材の積雪時の待機状態（断面形状）
ｆ２Ｂ 波板で作られた変形後の屋根部材の雪下ろし時の状態（断面形状）
ｆ３Ａ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形可能な屋根部材の積雪時の待機状態（断面形状）
ｆ３Ｂ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形後の屋根部材の雪下ろし時の状態（断面形状）
ｆ４Ａ 波板で作られた変形可能な屋根部材の積雪時の待機状態（断面形状）
ｆ４Ｂ 波板で作られた変形後の屋根部材の雪下ろし時の状態（（断面形状）
ｆ５Ａ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形可能な、隣り合う屋根部材の谷間部分に掛かる積雪時の圧力（断面形状）
ｆ５Ｂ 波板で作られた変形可能な、隣り合う屋根部材の谷間部分に掛かる積雪時の圧力（断面形状）
ｆ５Ｃ 波板で作られた変形可能な、隣り合う屋根部材の谷間部分に掛かる積雪時の圧力（断面形状）
ｆ５Ｄ 柔軟な平板で作られた変形可能な、隣り合う屋根部材の谷間部分に掛かる積雪時の圧力（断面形状）
ｆ６Ａ 基部に波板状部分を持つ屋根部材の例（断面形状）
ｆ６Ｂ 基部に波板状（ジグザク状）部分を持つ屋根部材の例（断面形状）
ｆ６Ｃ 弾性体で支えられる屋根部材の例（断面形状）
ｆ６Ｄ 弾性体で支えられる屋根部材の例（断面形状）
ｆ６Ｅ ヒンジを持つ屋根部材の例（断面形状）
ｆ７Ａ 図3の補強材の変形前の状態
ｆ７Ｂ 図3の補強材の変形後の状態
ｆ７Ｃ 図3の補強材の変形前の状態（変形可能な板状屋根部材付き）
ｆ７Ｄ 図3の補強材の変形後の状態（変形可能な板状屋根部材付き）
ｆ８Ａ 図1の補強材の変形前の状態
ｆ８Ｂ 図1の補強材の変形途中の状態
ｆ８Ｃ 図1の補強材の変形後の状態
ｆ９A 板状の屋根部材の保持部の一部を動かす事で屋根部材を変形させる方式の変形前
ｆ9B ｆ９Aの保持部の一部が動いて屋根部が変形した例
ｆ９C ｆ９Bの保持部の更なる一部が動いて屋根部が変形した例
1、2、3、4 積雪の圧力方向
５ 屋根部材の変形方向
６、７、８ 屋根部材変形時の補強材の旋回退避方向
９ 屋根部材を保持する保持部の変形時における移動方向
１０ａ 波板状部材をアーチ状に湾曲させた平板状屋根部材の形態（積雪待機時）
１０ｂ 1０ａを反転変形させた平板状屋根部材の形態（雪下ろし時）
１１ａ 波板状部材をアーチ状に湾曲させた平板状屋根部材の形態（積雪待機時）
１１ｂ 1１ａを反転変形させた平板状屋根部材の形態（雪下ろし時）
２０ 平らな板材をアーチ状に湾曲させた平板状屋根部材
２０ａ 平らな板材をアーチ状に湾曲させた平板状屋根部材の形態（積雪待機時）
２０ｂ ２０ａを反転変形させた平板状屋根部材の形態（雪下ろし時）
２１ａ 平らな板材をアーチ状に湾曲させた平板状屋根部材の形態（積雪待機時）
２１ｂ ２１ａを反転変形させた平板状屋根部材の形態（雪下ろし時）
３０ カバー
３１ 屋根部材の補強板
３２、３３ 屋根部材の補強材
３４、３５ 補強材の旋回軸
３６ 可動な屋根部材の保持部分
３７ 固定された屋根部材の保持部分
４０、４１ 弾性体
５０ ヒンジ
１００ 屋根上の積雪
f1A Standby state (cross-sectional shape) of a deformable roof member made of a flexible flat plate during snowfall
f1B State of deformed roof member made of flexible flat plate when snow is removed (cross-sectional shape)
Standby state (cross-sectional shape) of a deformable roof member made of f2A corrugated sheet during snowfall
Deformed roof member made of f2B corrugated sheet when snow is removed (cross-sectional shape)
f3A Standby state (cross-sectional shape) of deformable roof member made of flexible flat plate during snowfall
f3B State of deformed roof member made of flexible flat plate when snow is removed (cross-sectional shape)
F4A Deformable roof member made of corrugated sheet in standby state during snowfall (cross-sectional shape)
Deformed roof member made of f4B corrugated sheet when snow is removed ((cross-sectional shape)
f5A Deformable, made of flexible flat plate, pressure applied to the valley of adjacent roof members during snowfall (cross-sectional shape)
pressure during snowfall (cross-sectional shape) applied to the valleys of adjacent roof members that are deformable made of f5B corrugated sheet
Pressure during snowfall (cross-sectional shape) applied to the valleys of adjacent roof members that are deformable made of f5C corrugated sheet
f5D Deformable, made of flexible flat plate, pressure applied to the valley of adjacent roof members during snowfall (cross-sectional shape)
Example of a roof member having a corrugated plate-like part at the base of f6A (cross-sectional shape)
f6B Example of a roof member having a corrugated (zigza) part at the base (cross-sectional shape)
Example of roof member supported by f6C elastic body (cross-sectional shape)
Example of roof member supported by f6D elastic body (cross-sectional shape)
Example of roof member with f6E hinge (cross-sectional shape)
f7A State before deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 3 f7B State after deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 3 f7C State before deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 3 (with deformable plate-shaped roof member)
f7D State after deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 3 (with deformable plate-shaped roof member)
f8A State before deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 1 f8B State during deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 1 f8C State after deformation of the reinforcing material in Fig. 1 f9A Roof by moving a part of the holding part of the plate-shaped roof member Before deformation of the method of deforming the member Example of deformation of the roof part by moving a part of the holding part of f9B f9A Example of deformation of the roof part by moving a further part of the holding part of f9C f9B
1, 2, 3, 4
Form of flat roof member obtained by inverting and deforming
11a Form of flat roof member in which corrugated member is curved in arch shape (when waiting for snow)
Form of flat roof member obtained by inverting and deforming
20 Flat roof member made by bending a flat plate into an
Form of flat roof member obtained by reversing and deforming
21a Form of flat roof member made by bending a flat plate into an arch shape (when waiting for snow)
30
Claims (7)
密閉可能で柔軟性のある気室を持ち、前記屋根部材は前記気室の加圧または減圧により変形可能な屋根部材の構造。 In claim 1 or 2, the inside of the roof member or the roof member itself
A structure of a roof member having a sealable and flexible air chamber, and the roof member being deformable by pressurization or depressurization of the air chamber.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61123133U (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-08-02 | ||
| JPS61237744A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-23 | 桐生 三男 | Roof snow treatment apparatus |
| JPH01260177A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-10-17 | Yasushi Watanabe | Forced snow-removing equipment utilizing air bag |
| US4936060A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-06-26 | J. W. Welsh & Associates, Inc. | Flexible roof control system |
| JPH0295761U (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-31 | ||
| JPH09302989A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-25 | Taisei Corp | Device and method for removing snow |
| JPH10140878A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-05-26 | Toray Ind Inc | Roof snow removing device |
| JP2007239219A (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Kenzo Matsuo | Roof snow removing device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS61123133U (en) * | 1985-01-22 | 1986-08-02 | ||
| JPS61237744A (en) * | 1985-04-11 | 1986-10-23 | 桐生 三男 | Roof snow treatment apparatus |
| JPH01260177A (en) * | 1988-01-22 | 1989-10-17 | Yasushi Watanabe | Forced snow-removing equipment utilizing air bag |
| US4936060A (en) * | 1988-10-14 | 1990-06-26 | J. W. Welsh & Associates, Inc. | Flexible roof control system |
| JPH0295761U (en) * | 1989-01-18 | 1990-07-31 | ||
| JPH09302989A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1997-11-25 | Taisei Corp | Device and method for removing snow |
| JPH10140878A (en) * | 1996-11-15 | 1998-05-26 | Toray Ind Inc | Roof snow removing device |
| JP2007239219A (en) * | 2006-03-06 | 2007-09-20 | Kenzo Matsuo | Roof snow removing device |
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