JP2020129960A - Static induction generator - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a static induction generator that improves the power generation efficiency by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of a charged film.SOLUTION: In a static induction generator includes a housing 35, a disk-shaped second substrate 4, a charge film, a counter electrode, and an output unit that outputs electric power generated between the charge film and the counter electrode, the counter electrode is placed on a first facing surface of a first substrate, the charge film is placed on a second facing surface of a second substrate facing the first facing surface, and the charge film and an interval portion where the charge film is not installed are alternately arranged on the second facing surface of the second substrate is at a predetermined angle for each predetermined angle, and a plurality of pair of a power generation unit including the first substrate, the charge film, the second substrate, the counter electrode, and the output unit are installed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to a power generator, a power generator, a portable electric device using electrostatic induction, in particular, a wristwatch and other portable watches. As the energy source of the power generator of the present invention, movement of the human body, vibration of machinery, etc., and other kinetic energy widely existing in the environment can be used. The present invention relates generally to a generator in which the moment of inertia per unit area of a disk of a rotating member is reduced to improve power generation efficiency.

Practical power generators utilizing electrostatic induction by electret materials have been developed in recent years. The electrostatic induction is a phenomenon in which when a charged object is brought close to a conductor, a charge having a polarity opposite to that of the charged object is attracted. A power generator using the electrostatic induction phenomenon is a structure in which a "charge-holding film" (hereinafter referred to as a charged film) and a counter electrode are arranged. It is the power generation that takes out the electric charge.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the principle of power generation using the electrostatic induction phenomenon.

Taking the case of using an electret material as an example, the electret is a kind of a charging film that charges a dielectric with electric charges and semi-permanently generates an electrostatic field. In the power generation by the electret, as shown in FIG. 1, an electrostatic charge formed by the electret causes induced charges in the counter electrode, and if the overlapping area of the electret and the counter electrode is changed (vibration or the like), external electric power is generated. An alternating current can be generated in the circuit. The power generation by the electret is relatively simple in structure and is advantageous in that a high output can be obtained in a low frequency region as compared with the power generation by electromagnetic induction, and has recently attracted attention as so-called "Energy Harvesting".

So far, in wristwatches, the one in which the rotary weight is supported by ball bearings and which is transmitted to the train wheel from the rotary weight to the generator rotor (electromagnetic induction type generator) through a speed increasing gear mechanism to increase power generation is Patent Document 1 In addition, "wheel train" refers to the gear transmission mechanism used in the timepiece, and the gear of the input side rotation shaft meshes with the gear with a small number of teeth called "kana" on the output side rotation shaft. Often refers to a series of gears.

Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an electrostatic induction power generation device that transmits rotation of a rotary weight due to movement of arm swing through a speed increasing gear mechanism to perform relative rotation of an electret film and an electrode. ing. In such a rotary power generator using an electret film, it has been considered that the larger the area between the electret film and the electrode, the more power generation amount corresponding to the expanded amount. However, in power generation that uses small external energy such as human body motion, if the area of the rotating disk provided with the electret film is expanded, the moment of inertia of the rotating disk is rather increased and the amount of rotation drops, This will offset the effect of increasing the amount of power generated by increasing the area. For this reason, in the rotary power generator, increasing the area between the electret film and the electrode causes a problem that a power generation amount commensurate with the increase cannot be obtained.

When this conventional technology is applied to a wristwatch, even if it is attempted to expand the area of the rotating disk provided with the electret film, a space for the hand movement mechanism part and the display device is needed in addition to the power generation mechanism, and the inside of the case It is not possible to fill the entire space only with the power generation section. Therefore, there has been a restriction on increasing the amount of power generation by expanding the area of a single rotating disk.

On the other hand, Patent Document 3 discloses a power generation system using an energy source such as wind, in which a plurality of generator devices are connected. In this system, the impeller drives a drive gear by wind force, and a plurality of excessively installed generator devices are connected to the drive gear. The plurality of generators are provided with a clutch between the drive gear and the generators so that the damaged generator can be disconnected from the drive source when any of the generators is damaged. Therefore, the purpose of installing multiple generators is not for the purpose of increasing the amount of power generation, but to configure a backup system, that is, a redundant system, in which a damaged generator does not hinder the continuation of system operation. belongs to. Moreover, this conventional technique is completely unrelated to the electrostatic induction power generator using the electret film.

JP 2000-147159 A JP, 2011-072070, A Japanese Patent No. 5591802

An object of the present invention is to improve the power generation efficiency by reducing the moment of inertia per unit area of the disk of the rotating member in the electrostatic induction power generator.

The present invention relates to a housing, a first substrate fixed to the housing, a disc-shaped second substrate having an axis rotatably supported by the housing, a charging film, a counter electrode, and the charging film. And an output unit that outputs electric power generated between the counter electrodes, the counter electrode is installed on a first counter surface of a first substrate, and the charging film is opposed to the first counter surface. Two charging surfaces are provided on the second facing surface of the second substrate, and the charging film and the spacing portion where the charging film is not installed are alternately arranged on the second facing surface of the second substrate at a predetermined angle. This is an electrostatic induction power generator in which a plurality of sets of one power generation unit including the first substrate, the charging film, the second substrate, the counter electrode, and the output unit are installed.

In the electrostatic induction power generator, as a whole, the moment of inertia per unit area of the disk of the rotating member was reduced to improve power generation efficiency. Also, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the diameter of the rotating member can be reduced, which contributes to making the power generation unit thinner and increases the layout flexibility of the power generation unit, thus making efficient use of space. You can

It is explanatory drawing which illustrates typically the principle of the electric power generation which utilizes an electrostatic induction phenomenon. It is a perspective view of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is the top view which removed a part of 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3A is a perspective view showing a part of the first embodiment of the present invention. (B) is a cross-sectional view of the adjusting screw 9. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A) is a top view of the surface of the rotation member of a 1st embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6B is a plan view of the back surface of the rotating member according to the first embodiment of the present invention. (A) is showing the electrification film of a 1st embodiment of the present invention, and (b) is an explanatory view showing the outline of the 1st electrode O of the counter electrode 2, the 2nd electrode E, and a rectification circuit. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the electric power generation between the charging film and the counter electrode of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the fixed electrode substrate 38 of 1st Embodiment of this invention. 6 is a table comparing the moments of inertia of N rotating members and one equal-area rotating member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the influence of the inclination of a rotating member. It is explanatory drawing explaining the total moment of inertia of a power generation part. It is explanatory drawing explaining the formula of the total moment of inertia of a power generation part. 9 is a table showing the relationship between the combination of speed increasing ratios and the total moment of inertia. (A), (b) is explanatory drawing explaining the phase difference of each electric power generation part of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a detailed explanatory view of FIG.17(b). 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a relative positional relationship between a charging film 3 of a rotating member 4 and a counter electrode 2 of a counter substrate 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing explaining an electrostatic load torque. It is a graph which showed the electrostatic load torque which acts on each power generation part of a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. 6 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating a relative positional relationship between a charging film 3 of a rotating member 4 and a counter electrode 2 of a counter substrate 1. FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the counter electrode of 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the outline|summary of a rectifier circuit. It is explanatory drawing which shows the counter electrode of 4th Embodiment of this invention, and the outline|summary of a rectifier circuit. FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing an arrangement of a charging film and a counter electrode of the rotating member in FIG. 24. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline|summary of the speed increasing gear train of 5th Embodiment of this invention.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In each of the embodiments, the same components are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In each of the following embodiments, a wristwatch is described as an example, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to a wristwatch. The present invention can be applied to other applications such as portable electronic devices with a static induction generator.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 2 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view with a part of the first embodiment of the present invention removed. FIG. 5A is a perspective view showing a part of the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5B is a sectional view of the adjusting screw 9. 6 to 7 are explanatory views showing the outline of the speed increasing gear train according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

The first embodiment is applied to a portable electronic timepiece such as a wrist watch, and its outline will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 shows a movement of a wristwatch in which each member is assembled on the main plate 35. In FIG. 2, some of the members are omitted and mainly the characteristic parts of the present embodiment are displayed. As shown in FIG. 3, a dial 41, an hour hand 44, a minute hand 43, and a second hand 42 are provided on the back side of the movement shown in FIG. On the front side of the wristwatch, that is, on the lower side of FIG. 3, a movement is inserted into an outer casing (not shown) to which a windshield (not shown) is attached, and the case is covered with a back cover (not shown) from above in FIG. Sealed in casing. Hereinafter, the terms “upper” and “lower” refer to the upper and lower sides in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3. The same applies to the perspective view of FIG. Therefore, the windshield is at the bottom of FIGS. 2 and 3 and the back cover is attached at the top.

In the arrangement area Z of FIG. 4, members having a function as a quartz movement are arranged. A crystal oscillator, an electronic circuit board, a coil, a step motor, a hand movement mechanism part P, a secondary battery and the like are arranged. An oscillation circuit, a frequency dividing circuit, a step motor drive circuit, a power supply circuit and the like are incorporated in the electronic circuit board. The hand movement mechanism portion P is a wheel train portion which is constituted by the hand movement gear trains 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 and drives the pointers (42, 43, 44), and as shown in the dotted line in FIG. Further, it is arranged directly below the ball bearing 51 of the rotary weight 10 by effectively utilizing the vacant space. The second hand 42, the minute hand 43, and the hour hand 44 in which the gear trains 22, 23, 24, 25, and 26 for driving the hands are driven by driving one or a plurality of step motors are a second hand wheel 24, a minute hand wheel 25, and an hour hand wheel, respectively. Driven by 6. To drive the minute hand 43 and the hour hand 44, a gear mechanism called a day back mechanism (clockwise term) is often used. There is a case where the second hand 42 is not provided.

A cross-sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. A first train wheel bridge 33 and a second train wheel bridge 34, which pivotally support a gear train and the like, are screwed to a main plate 35 via a spacer or the like. The terms main plate, receiver, and train wheel are names commonly used in wristwatches, and the main plate 35, the first train wheel bridge 33, and the second train wheel bridge 34 form a part of the housing. .. The housing will be described below as including the main plate 35, the first train wheel bridge 33, the second train wheel bridge 34, and other receiving plates.

The ground plate as a timepiece term is a kind of housing and means a base, a support plate, an inner casing, etc. in which various parts are incorporated. In the present embodiment, the base plate 35 is a plate-shaped member, but is not limited to this. Further, the receiving plate is a term often used for supporting the shaft of a rotating body and for fixing and holding components. The train wheel refers to the gear transmission mechanism used in the timepiece as described above.

The rotary weight 10 is attached to the first train wheel bridge 33 via a ball bearing 51 with three screws 48. A weight 10' is fixed by spot welding to an outer peripheral portion of a semicircular disk of the rotary weight 10, so that the rotary weight 10 can be rotated by utilizing a movement of arm swing. The drive gear 11 is integrally fixed to the rotary weight 10 with a screw 49. An outer ring 52 of a ball bearing 51 is press-fitted on the inner peripheral surface of the drive gear 11. On the other hand, the inner ring 53 of the ball bearing 51 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the fixed plate 32 by a clearance fit. When the fixed plate 32 is fixed to the first train wheel bridge 33 with the screw 37, the drive gear 11 integrated with the rotary weight 10 and the ball bearing 51 are fixed together. When the rotary weight 10 rotates, the drive gear 11 integrated with the rotary weight 10 by the screw 49 is supported by the ball bearing 51 and rotates with respect to the housing (first train wheel bridge 33). .. That is, the rotary weight 10 is rotatably supported by the ball bearing 51 in a cantilever manner. The rotary weight 10, the drive gear 11, the ball bearing 51, and the fixing plate 32 constitute one rotary weight unit so that they can be integrally fixed to the first train wheel bridge 33 with three screws 48. It has become.

Next, a gear train in which the rotation of the rotary weight 10 is accelerated and the rotation is transmitted to the rotary member 4A (also referred to as the second substrate) of the power generation unit A will be described. In the present embodiment, there are four power generation units, which are represented by symbols A to D. The rotating members are also represented by reference numerals 4A to 4D corresponding to the power generation units (the rotating members 4A to 4D may be collectively referred to as the rotating member 4). The number of power generation units is not limited to four, and a plurality of power generation units may be provided. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the gear train is a speed-increasing gear in which the rotation of the rotary weight 10 is accelerated and the rotation is transmitted to the rotating member 4A (second substrate) of the pair of power generation units. It is composed of trains 11 to 16 and connecting gear trains 15 and 16 for transmitting the rotation from the rotating member 4A to the other rotating members 4B to 4D of the power generation unit installed in plural sets.

As shown in FIG. 6a, the connecting gear trains 15 and 16 may be formed in an L-shape with respect to one speed-increasing gear train 11 to 16, but an inverted T-shape such as in FIGS. With the inverted Y-shaped connecting gear structure, the transmission efficiency of the rotational driving force is further improved for the following reasons.
In the L-shaped connecting gear configuration of FIG. 6a, the gears passing from the rotary weight 10 to the power generating units A to D are the gears 11 and 12, 13 and 14, 15 and 16 of the pinion 12, There are three sets including 14 and 16, four power generation units B, five power generation units C, and six power generation units D. On the other hand, in the inverted T-shaped connecting gear configuration of FIG. 6b, there are four power generation units A, three power generation units B, four power generation units C, and five power generation units D. There is no path through the six gears from the generator to the generator. The rotation driving force transmitted by the connecting gears is expected to be 5 to 15% per gear, and 20% when the loss is large. Therefore, when the transmission efficiency of the rotation driving force, that is, the power generation efficiency of the generator is important, An inverted T-shaped coupling gear configuration is more suitable than an L-shaped.

FIG. 6c is an example in which the connecting gear is configured in an inverted Y shape, and the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear is connected to the gear 14 of the power generation unit B and the gear 14 of the power generation unit C. The gear 15 of the single speed-up gear train of the power generation unit B is connected to the connection gears 15 and 16 of the power generation unit A. On the other hand, the gear 15 of the speed increasing gear train of the power generation section C is connected to the connection gears 15 and 16 of the power generation section D. The gears extending from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation unit are four power generation units A and D, and three power generation units B and C. Compared with FIGS. Since the amount is small, the transmission efficiency of the rotational driving force can be increased.

FIG. 6d is a modification of the inverted Y-shaped connecting gear configuration. The speed-increasing gear train of one line leading to the power generation units A and D rotates the rotating members 4A and 4D by the gears 11 to 16. In the power generating units B and C, the gears 14, 15 and 16 of the connecting gear train are taken out from the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear train reaching the power generating unit A, and the rotating member 4B rotates. In the power generation section C as well, from the gear 13 of the speed increasing gear train reaching the power generation section D, the rotating member 4C is rotated by the coupling gear train. The gears extending from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation unit include all three power generation units A to D, and the maximum number of intervening gears is smaller than that in FIG. Can be higher.

As can be seen in the form of FIG. 7, in order to effectively utilize the arrangement space of the main plate, two gears 16 are directly connected to one gear 15 of the connection gear train to connect the two power generation units A and C. It is also possible to do so. Also. If the outer circumferences of the plurality of sets of power generation units are laid out along the inner circumference of the housing, that is, the outer circumference of the main plate 35, the space can be efficiently utilized. Then, the hand movement mechanism unit P can be arranged directly below the ball bearing 51 of the rotary weight 10 by effectively utilizing the vacant space.

The rotary weight 10 rotated by the movement of the arm swing or the like rotates the rotating member 4 while increasing the speed of the gear trains 11 to 16. A gear (also referred to as a kana in timepiece terms) 12 and a gear 13 are fixed to the shaft 6. A gear (cana) 14 and a gear 15 are fixed to the shaft 7. A gear (cana) 16 and a rotating member 4 are fixed to the shaft 8. The shafts 6 to 8 are supported by upper and lower bearings 50, 50 between the main plate 35 and the second train wheel bridge 34, respectively. The first train wheel bridge 33 and the second train wheel bridge 34 are configured as separate members. As shown in FIG. 3, the height of the second train wheel bridge 34 is higher than that of the first train wheel bridge 33. Therefore, the drive gear 11 can be directly meshed with the gear 12 fixed to the shaft 6.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the second train wheel bridge 34 has both ends fixed to the main plate 35 with screws 46 and 46. The receiving plate 36 is also fixed to the main plate 35 with screws 45. Since the second train wheel bridge 34 supports the rotating members 4A to 4D of the plurality of sets of power generation units A to D by a single plate, at least one of the holding positions of the second train wheel bridge 34 is at each position. It must exist in a narrow area between the power generation sections. In the present embodiment, the second train wheel bridge 34 is fixed to the main plate 35 with the screw 47.

The drive gear 11 meshes with the gear 12 of the shaft 6 to rotate the shaft 6. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 12 to the drive gear 11 is called a first speed increasing ratio. The gear 13 of the shaft 6 meshes with the gear 14 of the shaft 7 to rotate the shaft 7. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 14 to the gear 13 is called a second speed increasing ratio. The gear 15 of the shaft 7 meshes with the gear 16 of the shaft 8 to rotate the shaft 8. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 16 to the gear 15 is called a third speed increasing ratio. In the present embodiment, the gear train has three gears, but the gear train is not limited to this, and may have one gear, two gears, and N gears (N is an integer) (the speed increase ratio at the Nth gear is increased by the Nth gear). Called speed ratio). In the present embodiment, the rotation of the rotary weight 10 in both forward and reverse directions may be converted into one-direction rotation by incorporating a conversion clutch mechanism therein. Of the rotations of the rotary weight 10 in both the forward and reverse directions, only the rotation in one direction may be transmitted.

The rotating member 4 is fixed to the shaft 8 together with the gear 16 of the speed increasing gear train. The charging film 3 is provided on the lower surface (second facing surface) of the rotating member (second substrate) 4, and the upper surface (first facing surface) of the counter substrate 1 faces the charging film 3. , The counter electrode 2 is installed (see FIG. 3). The counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 is fixed to the receiving plate 36 from the lower side with screws 59 so that the counter electrode 2 faces upward. A reference surface R is formed on the receiving plate 36 so as to eliminate variations in the thickness of the counter substrate 1. Since the upper surface of the counter substrate 1 is used as a reference, the counter electrode 2 can be positioned accurately, and the gap between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 (100 μ or less in some cases) can be set accurately.

The interval between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 is extremely important in terms of power generation efficiency, and this interval needs to be set appropriately. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, it is advisable to adjust the vertical interval of the shaft 8 by the adjusting screw 9 so that the rotating member 4 can be smoothly rotated. In the case of the present embodiment, the bearings 50 are all attached to the second train wheel bridge above the rotary members 4A to 4D of the power generating units A to D, which are installed in plural sets. Therefore, it is advisable to adjust the rotating member 4 of each power generation unit with the adjusting screw 9. As an adjustment procedure, as shown in FIG. 4, after assembling each power generation unit and the gear train, the adjustment procedure may be as follows. (1) An external force is applied from the outside of the rotating member 4 to rotate the rotating member 4. (2) Adjust the adjusting screw 9 while decelerating the rotating member 4 with no load to reduce the vertical clearance. (3) Set the adjusting screw 9 so that there is no feeling of being caught during deceleration with no load. In this way, the adjustment screw 9 present in each power generation unit of the second train wheel bridge 34 can adjust the clearance in the direction of the shaft 8 for each power generation unit. Even if the shaft of the rotating member 4 (second substrate) and the shaft of the gear train of a plurality of sets of power generation units are pivotally supported by a common plate-shaped member, it can be easily adjusted, and assembly of a plurality of sets of power generation units is easy In addition, it is easy to adjust the clearance of the rotating member 4.

A seismic resistant device is not used for the adjusting screw 9 in FIG. 3, but even if the bearing 50 has a built-in seismic resistant device as shown in FIG. good. In this embodiment, the adjusting screw may not be necessarily provided. In this case, an extremely thin leaf spring is interposed between the upper end surface of the shaft 8 and the lower end surface of the bearing 50. The shaft 8 may be pressed downward by this leaf spring to determine the distance between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2.

FIG. 8A is a plan view of the surface of the rotating member according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from above. FIG. 6B is a plan view of the back surface of the rotating member according to the first embodiment of the present invention as viewed from below. FIG. 9A shows a charging film according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of the first electrode O, the second electrode E, and the rectifying circuit of the counter electrode 2. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of power generation between the charging film and the counter electrode according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the fixed electrode substrate 38 according to the first embodiment of this invention.

Next, the power generation unit and the connected gear train that drives them will be described.
The shaft 8, the rotating member 4, the charging film 3, the counter electrode 2, and the counter substrate 1 form a set of power generation unit. In this embodiment, four power generation units are provided, and each power generation unit is configured of the same unit. The power generation units A to D are provided with output units 20A to 20D, respectively. Although the counter substrate 1 of each power generation unit may be installed independently, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, each of the counter electrodes 2A to 2A on the fixed electrode substrate 38 which is one common substrate. 2D and output units 20A to 20D are installed. On the fixed electrode substrate 38, an electronic circuit mounting area including at least a rectifying circuit may be arranged. Details of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 will be described later.

The power generation unit A is rotationally driven by a speed increasing gear train connected in series, and the power generation units B to D are rotationally driven in parallel by a connecting gear train. This state is schematically shown in FIG. The gear 15 of the shaft 7 of the speed increasing gear train is meshed with the gear 15 having the same number of teeth, and rotationally drives the gear 16 provided on the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4 of the power generation unit B. The gears 15 and 16 that rotationally drive the power generation units B to D are all the same in this embodiment, but are not necessarily limited thereto. 6 to 7, it is possible to appropriately set the number of teeth of the gears 15 and 16 that rotationally drive the power generating units B to D so that the rotating members 4A to 4D rotate at a constant speed. By appropriately changing the diameter of the gear 15, the installation place of each power generation unit can be secured.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the rotating member 4 has a V-shaped cutout 62 formed between the radial pieces 61, 61 from the outer peripheral edge toward the inner peripheral side. A cross-shaped hole 63 having four recessed grooves 64 is provided in the central portion. The shaft 8 is provided with a cross-shaped spline (not shown) and is fitted in the cross-shaped hole 63 of the rotary member 4. The mutual positional relationship between the rotary members 4 of the power generation units A to D is fixed by the cross-shaped hole 63 of the rotary member 4 and the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. The divergence angle of the radial piece 61 with respect to the center is θ _{p as} shown in FIG.

FIG. 8B shows the back side of FIG. 8A, and the charging film 3 is provided on the lower surface (second facing surface) of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4. Therefore, on the lower surface of the rotating member 4, the charging film 3 and the interval portion (V-shaped notch 62) where the charging film is not installed are alternately arranged at every predetermined angle (spread angle θ _p ). .. The rotating shaft 8 is a bearing 50 of the second train wheel bridge 34 on the upper side, and a bearing 50 provided on the main plate 35 on the lower side (the bearing 50 may be an earthquake resistant device, for example, a parashock or the like). It is supported. If the upper bearing 50 is vertically adjustable with respect to the second train wheel bridge 34, the vertical clearance of the shaft 8 of each power generation unit can be easily adjusted. The rotating member 4 may be a disc having no cutout, and the shape of the cutout is not necessarily limited to the V-shape, but may be any other shape. In the present embodiment, the notch of the rotating member 4 functions as an air passage portion.

The counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 shown in FIG. 9B is arranged on the counter substrate 1 so as to face the charging film 3 on the lower surface of the rotating member 4 shown in FIG. 9A. The first substrate O and the second electrode E are alternately arranged on the counter substrate 1. The first electrodes O and the second electrodes E are alternately arranged along the rotation direction of the rotating member 4 at a predetermined angle (spread angle θ _p ). As shown in FIG. 9B, the first electrodes O and the second electrodes E are connected to each other, and the first electrodes O and the second electrodes E are connected to the output unit 20 (FIG. 11), respectively. There is. The first electrode O and the second electrode E form one-phase alternating current and are input to the secondary battery via the rectifier circuit 70. Both the first electrode O electrode array and the second electrode E electrode array are collectively referred to as the counter electrode 2. In the power generation units A to D, the arrangement of the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the arrangement of the first electrode O and the second electrode E on the counter substrate 1 alternately are the same. If the charging film 3 and the first electrode O and the second electrode E are not arranged at equal angles, the power generation efficiency will decrease. Therefore, the areas of the charging film 3, the first electrode O, and the second electrode E should be equal.

A current is generated in the first electrode O and the second electrode E as follows.
The charging film 3 overlaps with the first electrode O of FIG. 10A (referred to as O period). At this time, since the charging film 3 (electret film) holds negative charges, positive charges are attracted to the first electrode O by electrostatic induction. A current flows when a positive charge is attracted. On the other hand, as the rotating member 4 rotates, the charging film 3 overlaps with the adjacent second electrode E as shown in FIG. 10B (referred to as E period). Positive charges are attracted to the second electrode E by electrostatic induction. A current flows when a positive charge is attracted. On the other hand, since the notch 62 overlaps with the first electrode O, the attracted positive charges are dissipated and a current flows in the opposite direction. With the rotation of the rotating member 4, the O period and the E period are alternately repeated.

When the rotation of the rotary weight 10 rotates the rotary member 4 fixed to the rotary shaft 8 via the speed increasing gear train, the charging film (electret film) 3, the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2, and the second electrode The overlapping area with the electrode E increases and decreases, and the positive charge attracted to these increases and decreases, and an alternating current is generated in the counter electrode 2. The AC waveform output to the output unit 20 is converted into a positive voltage waveform by the rectifier circuit 70, charged into the secondary battery through the step-down circuit, and output to the electronic circuit of the electronic circuit board. The rectifier circuit 70 is a bridge type and includes four diodes. In the present embodiment shown in FIG. 9B, it is not necessary to take out a current from the rotating shaft 8, and the output wiring of the counter electrode 2 may be provided on the fixed counter substrate 1 to take out a current. It can be extremely simple.

In the above embodiment, the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 has the first electrodes O and the second electrodes E of FIG. 9B alternately arranged, but the present embodiment is not necessarily limited to this. Not a thing. The arrangement of the rotating member 4 and the charging film 3 is the same as that of FIG. 9A, but the arrangement of the counter electrodes 2 on the counter substrate 1 is such that only the first electrodes O are alternately arranged at equal intervals and without electrodes. It may be arranged. In this case, the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 is connected to the shaft 8 of the conductive member via the electrical contact and is output to the rectifying circuit 70. On the other hand, the first electrode O of the counter substrate 1 is also output to the rectifier circuit 70. Regarding the method of extracting the electric current from the shaft 8, electrical connection may be performed while rotating by using a brush electrode or a conductor constituting portion of the bearing portion. In this case, the first electrode O may be provided instead of the charging film 3 provided on the back surface of the rotating member 4, and the charging film 3 may be provided on the counter substrate.

In the present embodiment, the above-described power generation unit is provided at four places, and each of them is composed of the same unit. The power generation units A to D are provided with output units 20A to 20D, respectively. Although the counter substrate 1 of each power generation unit may be installed independently, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, each of the counter electrodes 2A to 2A on the fixed electrode substrate 38 which is one common substrate. 2D and output units 20A to 20D are installed. Further, all the counter substrates (first substrates) of the plurality of sets of power generation units and the electronic circuit including at least the rectifier circuit may be arranged on a common circuit substrate. That is, the opposing substrates of the plurality of sets of power generation units may be patterned on a common circuit substrate, and a mounting region for rectifying/charging electronic components may also be present on the substrate. This makes it possible to shorten the wiring between the power generating units A to D and the electronic component that processes the generated current, so that it is possible to reduce power loss due to wiring resistance and prevent noise from mixing. In addition, since the fixed electrodes 2A to 2D in the plurality of sets of power generation sections have the same height, the gap between the counter electrodes 2A to 2D and the charging film 3 can be easily managed, and the rotary members 4 can be easily assembled. become.

A material that is easily charged is used as the electret material used as the charging film in the present invention. For example, as a material that is negatively charged, silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) or a fluororesin material is used. Specifically, as an example, as a material that is negatively charged, there is CYTOP (registered trademark), which is a fluororesin material manufactured by Asahi Glass.

In addition, as electret materials, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinyldendifluoride (PVDF) are used as polymer materials. ), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) and the like, and the above-mentioned silicon oxide (SiO ₂ ) and silicon nitride (SiN) can be used as the inorganic material. In addition, a known charging film can be used.

FIG. 12 is a table comparing the inertia moments of N rotating members and one equal-area rotating member. FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the influence of the inclination of the rotating member.

Ｔ_ｍは、機械摩擦抵抗や後述の静電気負荷トルクＴ_Ｓなどを含んだものである。 Next, the function and effect of this embodiment will be described.
The point that the moment of inertia per unit area of the disk of the rotating member can be reduced and the power generation efficiency can be increased in the entire plurality of power generators will be described.
The rotational equation of motion of the entire plurality of power generation units is as follows.
Rotational motion equation of the entire power generation section

T _m includes mechanical friction resistance, electrostatic load torque T _S described later, and the like.

T _g is the rotational torque supplied by the rotary weight 10. According to the equation (1), when the force applied from the outside such as the motion of the human body is constant, that is, when a constant amount of T _g is supplied, the smaller J is, the larger the angular acceleration can be. That is, the smaller J is, the larger the angular acceleration, and the larger the angular acceleration, the more the rotation amount θ of the rotating member of the power generation unit can be increased. Further, the smaller J is, the more easily the change in the rotational movement occurs (the better the rotation startability).

In this embodiment, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the moment of inertia per unit area of the rotating member is reduced as a whole. Set the total area of the charging film of the rotating member and the counter electrode, which are responsible for power generation, to be the same between the case where multiple power generators are provided and the case where there is a single power generator. When calculated, it becomes as shown in the table of FIG. The diameters D ₀ of the rotating members of the plurality of power generation units are all the same. On the other hand, the single rotating member has a shape enlarged in proportion to the diameter D ₁ . The moment of inertia of gears, such as the speed-up gear train of the power generation section, can be ignored because most of the gears consist of through holes and these gears have a lower speed than the rotating members. To do.

In one of the plurality of power generating units, the following formula is established (using the formula of the moment of inertia of the disk).

Regarding the total moment of inertia of the power generation section in the table of FIG. 12, comparing Case 1 (N rotating members) with Case 2 (single rotating member), Case 1 can be reduced to N times smaller. it can. Therefore, even if the total area of the charged portions in the power generation unit is the same, the total moment of inertia can be reduced in the configuration including a plurality of rotating members, compared to the configuration including a single rotating member. Not limited to the case of FIG. 12, if the number is plural, the moment of inertia per unit area of the charged portion can be reduced.
By providing a plurality of power generation units having a small-diameter rotating member, the moment of inertia per unit power generation area can be reduced and the rotating member has a smaller diameter than a single power-generating unit configuration having a large-diameter rotating member. Therefore, the degree of freedom in arranging each power generation unit increases. Further, in the case of a limited space such as a wristwatch, by installing a plurality of them, it becomes easy to secure the installation place of the power generation unit.

By providing a plurality of power generation units, it is possible to reduce the diameter of the rotating member, which is advantageous in reducing the thickness of the power generation unit, as described below with reference to FIG. 13.
A "amount of misalignment of the rotation axis 1 (el)" is generated based on machining tolerances and the like on the work. This is a value determined by the processing accuracy at the time of processing, and is a constant value regardless of the size of the rotating member. For this reason, although the shaft 8 of the rotating member 4 is extremely minute, the inclination φ is generated in the rotating shaft. This inclination φ causes contact between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 and causes a product defect. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the gap g between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 to be a certain value (limit value) or more. There is. This gap g can be derived as follows. t is the thickness of the power generation unit.
Referring to FIG. 13, tan φ=1 (el)/t, g>(D ₀ /2)·sin φ.
Therefore, approximately sin is replaced by tanφ, and g>(D ₀ ·l)/(2t), g>(l/2)·(D ₀ /t), and l/2 are constants, and thus D _{When 0} is reduced, the limit value D ₀ /t of the gap g is reduced, and it becomes difficult for the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 to come into contact with each other. At the same time, if D ₀ is reduced, the thickness t of the power generation section can be reduced accordingly. As described above, by providing a plurality of power generation units, the diameter of the rotating member can be reduced, which is advantageous for thinning the power generation unit.

(Second embodiment)
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the total moment of inertia of the power generation unit. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an equation of the total moment of inertia of the power generation unit. FIG. 16 is a table showing the relationship between the combination of speed increasing ratios and the total moment of inertia.

The second embodiment is an embodiment in which the speed increasing ratio of each stage of the speed increasing gear train in the first embodiment is specified. Also in the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, referring to FIGS. 3 and 6A, the drive gear 11 fixed to the rotary weight 10 meshes with the gear 12 of the shaft 6, Rotate 6. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 12 to the drive gear 11 is called a first speed increasing ratio. The gear 13 of the shaft 6 meshes with the gear 14 of the shaft 7 to rotate the shaft 7. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 14 to the gear 13 is called a second speed increasing ratio. The gear 15 of the shaft 7 meshes with the gear 16 of the shaft 8 to rotate the shaft 8. The speed increasing ratio of the gear 16 to the gear 15 is called a third speed increasing ratio.

The gears 11, 13 and 15 of the input rotary shaft mesh with the gears 12, 14 and 16 having a small number of teeth, which are called "kana" (clock terms), on the rotary shaft of the output side. In the present embodiment, the gear train has three stages, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be one stage, two stages,... i stages... N stages (i and N are integers) (i. The speed increase ratio of the stage is called the i-th speed increase ratio). With reference to FIG. 14, the i-th stage means, from the axis Q ₀ of the rotary weight 10, a pinion of the i-th rotation axis Q _i and a gear of the i−1-th gear axis Q _i−1 that meshes with it. Refers to the combination with. The number of teeth of the gear wheel axis Q _i-1 is called the m _i-1, the number of teeth of the pinion gear shaft Q _i of n _i. The i-th speed increase ratio k _i of the _i- th stage is m _i-1 /n _i . The rotating shafts may be directly meshed with each other without using the pinion.

The total moment of inertia J from the rotary weight 10 to the power generation section via the speed increasing gear train (positional reference of the rotary weight 10) can be expressed by the following equation (5) in FIG. Counting from the axis Q ₀ of the rotary weight 10, the moment of inertia of the i-th rotary axis Q _i is defined as J _i .
_{J = J 0 + (k 1} ) 2 [J 1 + (k 2) 2 {J 2 + (k 3) 2 (J 3 + ···)}] ... (6)
As can be seen from the equation (6), since the square of the first speed increasing ratio k ₁ is applied to all the terms, the minimum speed increasing ratio among the speed increasing ratios of the rotary weight 10 and the speed increasing gear train is With the first speed increasing ratio k ₁ , the total moment of inertia J can be reduced. Similarly, the total moment of inertia J can be reduced by sequentially allocating k ₂ , k ₃ , and k ₄ in ascending order. On the other hand, if the speed increasing ratio of the entire speed increasing gear train is to be increased, the increase of the inertia moment J can be suppressed in the equation (6) by increasing the final speed increasing ratio. However, when a general rotary electromagnetic power generation mechanism is connected to the final speed-increasing gear, the strong magnetic coupling generated between the rotating side and stationary side magnets hinders the rotation of the rotating member, and the load torque of the rotating body is reduced. It becomes very large. Therefore, in the rotary electromagnetic power generation mechanism, it is difficult to increase the final speed increasing ratio in consideration of the durability of the final speed increasing gear and a large amount of rotational driving force.

On the other hand, the load torque generated on the rotating member 4 in the electret power generation is much smaller than that of the electromagnetic power generation type due to the Coulomb force generated between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2. Therefore, in the combination of the speed increasing gear train and the electret power generation, the final speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train can be increased and the increase of the inertia moment J can be suppressed. Then, by setting the first speed increasing ratio and the final speed increasing ratio to a ratio of approximately 4 to 5:10, it was found that the moment of inertia can be minimized while obtaining the desired speed increasing ratio of the entire speed increasing gear train. .. This will be described in detail below.

As an example, referring to FIG. 16, when the speed increasing ratios are 3.71, 5.00, and 9.66, and the total inertia moment is estimated as the inertia moments of all the rotating shafts=1, the first speed increasing ratio is calculated. It can be confirmed that the minimum total inertia moment J is obtained when 3.71 is set, the second speed increasing ratio is 5.00, and the third speed increasing ratio is 9.66. As can be seen by comparing Cases 1 to 3 and Cases 4 to 6 in FIG. 16, the total moment of inertia J is reduced by assigning a value smaller than the final speed increase ratio k _{N to} the first speed increase ratio k ₁ as a whole. can do.

In the second embodiment, the first speed increasing ratio k ₁ between the first gear (drive gear 11) fixed to the rotary weight and the second gear (gear 12) directly connected to the first gear is the same as that of the speed increasing gear train. This is the minimum speedup ratio. Further, the first speed increasing ratio k ₁ is smaller than the final speed increasing ratio k _{N of the} speed increasing gear train that rotates the rotating member 4. The first speed increasing ratio k ₁ , the second speed increasing ratio k ₂ , the third speed increasing ratio k _3, ... May be arranged so as to monotonically increase. By doing so, the total moment of inertia J can be reduced. The other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Third Embodiment)
17A and 17B are explanatory diagrams illustrating the phase difference of each power generation unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 18 is a detailed explanatory diagram of FIG. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. FIG. 20 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the electrostatic load torque. FIG. 21 is a graph showing the electrostatic load torque acting on each power generation unit according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is an explanatory diagram schematically illustrating the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1. In FIGS. 19 and 22, the fan-shaped charging film 3 and the first and second electrodes O and E are shown in a square shape for the sake of clarity.

In the third embodiment, in each power generation unit of the first embodiment, the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 (see FIG. 9B) is specified. It is a form. A state V in which the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 of the reference power generation unit (for example, the power generation unit A) have the same shape and exactly overlap with each other is assumed to be phase 0°. The respective positions of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 at this time are set to the phase 0° position.

The rotating members 4A to 4D of the power generating units A to D are connected by connecting gears 15 and 16.
Under the condition that the connecting gears 15 and 16 are connected, when the rotating member 4A of the power generation unit A has a phase of 0°, the other power generation units B to D respectively have a phase of 0° between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2. The deviation from the position of (exactly overlapping) is defined as the phase difference. The relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 indicates this phase difference.

FIG. 17A is an embodiment in which the phase difference 0° between the power generation units A to D, that is, all the phases θ _{A to} θ _D are the same. 17B and FIG. 18 are embodiments in which there is a phase difference between the power generation units A to D and the phases θ _{A to} θ _D are different by an equal interval δ. In the example of FIG. 17B, since the rotating members 4A to 4D are connected by the connecting gear 15, the rotating member 4C rotates in the same direction as 4A, but the rotating members 4B and 4D rotate in the opposite direction to 4A. Rotate. Therefore, the phases θ _{A to} θ _D of the rotating members 4A to 4D are arranged so as to be offset by δ in the respective rotation directions. 17B and FIG. 18, since the relative positional relationship between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 of the counter substrate 1 is not clear, the rotation directions of the rotating members 4A to 4D are set to the same direction, FIG. 19 schematically describes these relationships. 22 is a modification of the arrangement of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 shown in FIG. In FIGS. 19 and 22, the portion surrounded by the chain line represents the position of the charging film 3, O and E surrounded by the solid line represent the counter electrode 2, and the arrow represents the moving direction of the charging film 3.
Referring to FIG. 19 and FIG. 22, in the case of FIG. 19, the phase difference of the counter electrode 2 is 0° in each of the power generating units A to D, while the charging film 3 has a uniform interval δ in each power generating unit. They differ by corresponding phase differences (0, δ, 2δ, 3δ). In the case of FIG. 22, the phase difference of the charging film 3 is 0° in each of the power generation units A to D, while the counter electrode 2 is different by the phase difference corresponding to the uniform interval δ in each power generation unit.

As described above, the spread angle of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 with respect to the center is set to θ _{p as} shown in FIG. The V-shaped notch 62 of the rotating member 4 is also θ _p .
FIG. 18 shows the phase relationship of the rotating members 4 in the power generating units A to D in FIG. 17B, and the rotating members 4 are arranged in the order of the power generating units A, B, C, and D from the left. The charging film 3 is arranged on the lower surface of the rotating member 4, and the counter electrode 2 is arranged at a position facing the charging film 3 on the counter substrate 1, but all the counter electrodes 2 of the power generation units A to D are arranged. They are arranged in the same pattern, and the phase difference of the arrangement of the counter electrodes 2 in the power generation units A to D is zero. On the other hand, the rotating members 4 of the power generating units A to D are provided with a phase difference from each other, and when the positions (directions and postures) of the concave grooves 64 of the cross-shaped hole 63 are common, the power generating unit B with respect to the power generating unit A. The structure is such that the position of the charging film 3 is deviated so that the phase difference of the rotating member 4 of to D becomes δ, 2δ, 3δ in order. In this example, δ=θ _p /4 is set, and the phase between the charging film 3 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 in the power generation section A is set to an arbitrary value α.

By determining the phase difference as described above, the Coulomb force between the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 that inhibits the rotation of the rotating member 4 can be reduced. The details will be described later. However, it is not easy to adjust the phase difference of each rotary member 4 in the timepiece assembly work. Therefore, in the present embodiment, when the rotary member 4 is placed with the positions of the concave grooves 64 of the cross-shaped hole 63 aligned, the phase difference of the rotary member 4 has the above-described relationship.
Specifically, the arrangement pattern of the counter electrode 2 on the counter substrate 1 is the same for all the power generation units A, B, C, and D, and the directions of the protrusions of the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8 in each power generation unit are aligned. The rotary member 4 is set, and the cross-shaped hole 63 of each rotary member 4 is assembled so as to fit into the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. After that, the connecting gear train is incorporated, and each gear is pivotally supported by the first train wheel bridge 34. That is, according to the present embodiment, the phase difference between the power generating units A to D can be accurately ensured at the time when the rotary members 4 are assembled in accordance with the cross-shaped spline of the shaft 8. Therefore, the assembling operator can complete the assembling work in a short time without adjusting the phase difference of each rotating member 4 intricately. Here, since there are four power generation units, θ _p is divided by 4, but in the case of N, θ _p may be divided by N. In the present embodiment, the number is not limited to four, and the case of N is also included in the embodiment.

According to the arrangement of the first electrode O and the second electrode E of FIG. 9(b) of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, between the charging film 3 and the first electrode O (or the second electrode E). When the rotating member 4 moves in the direction of the arrow, the electrostatic load torque component T _S in the moving direction (the electrostatic load torque T _P due to the Coulomb force in the rotating direction and the coulomb in the opposite direction) The sawtooth-shaped electrostatic load torque T _S as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 21 acts on the rotating member 4 due to the electrostatic force load torque T _R resulting from the force.
This electrostatic load torque T _S acts on the rotating member 4 so as to prevent the movement of the charging film 3 when the charging film 3 moves in the direction of the arrow in FIG. Therefore, when the rotating member 4 stops, the rotating member 4 stops at a position where the electrostatic load torque T _S of the rotating member 4 is maximum, that is, a position where the overlapping area of the charging film 3 and the counter electrode 2 is maximum. Then, at the start of rotation of the rotating member 4, the rotating member 4 cannot rotate unless a rotational force larger than the maximum value of the electrostatic load torque T _S is applied, and even if external vibration is applied, it must be converted into electric power. I can't. Therefore, the high electrostatic load torque T _S means that the threshold value of the drive torque required for the initial rotation of the rotating member 4 becomes high, and also has the effect of inhibiting continuous rotation.

FIG. 21 shows the electrostatic load torque at the phase difference between the power generation units A to D in the case of FIG. Since the power generating units A to D are connected by the connecting gears 15 and 16, when the electrostatic load torques generated in the respective power generating units are added, they are smoothed by the phase difference, and the electrostatic load torque as a whole is a constant value G _{SUM_MAX. Therefore} , it is possible to reduce the peak value of each power generation unit to about half of the total W _{SUM_MAX} . In the present embodiment, each power generation unit does not need to differ by the phase difference corresponding to the uniform interval δ, and if the phase differences are non-uniform, the peak positions of the electrostatic load torques do not overlap. Since the maximum value of the combined electrostatic load torque can be made smaller than that in the case of FIG. 17A, the effect of inhibiting the rotation of the rotating member 4 can be reduced. It should be noted that instead of the phase difference provided in the charging film 3 of each of the power generation units A to D in the case of FIG. 19, the arrangement in which the opposite electrode 2 is provided with the phase difference as shown in FIG. The effect similar to the electrostatic load torque can be enhanced. The other configurations and effects are the same as those of the first embodiment.

(Fourth Embodiment)
23 and 24 are explanatory diagrams showing the outline of the counter electrode and the rectifier circuit according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the charging film and the counter electrode of the rotating member in FIG.

The third embodiment is an embodiment in which the number of power generation units is three in each of the above-described embodiments. When there are three power generation units and the rotating member 4 in each power generation unit has a non-uniform phase difference, as shown in FIG. 23, rectification/charging using a diode bridge for each output of each power generation unit. It is advisable to adopt a circuit configuration. On the other hand, when there are three power generation units and the rotating member 4 in each power generation unit has a uniform phase difference, as shown in FIG. 24, the first electrode O of the counter electrodes 2A and 2C and the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2B are By connecting the two electrodes E to each other as a connection N and connecting the second electrodes E of the counter electrodes 2A and 2C and the first electrode O of the counter electrode 2B to a rectifier diode, the connection N is a neutral wire of three-phase AC. And the total number of diodes can be reduced. The reason for this will be described below.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrangement of the charging film and the counter electrode of the rotary member 4 in FIG. 24, and shows the rotary members 4A to 4C and the counter electrodes 2A to 2C in order from the left. The rotating member 4B has a phase difference of δ and the rotating member 4C has a phase difference of 2δ with respect to the rotating member 4A, and all the rotating members rotate in the same direction. Here, δ=θ _p /3. Since the rotating members 4A to 4C are connected, the above phase difference is maintained even during rotation.

When the rotating member 4 rotates, a generated current (alternating current) is generated when the charging film 3 provided on the lower surface of the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 approach or move away from each other. Therefore, the cycle in which the radial piece 61 of the rotating member 4 and the counter electrode 2 approach each other is the cycle of the generated current, and one cycle is 2θ _p . Assuming that the currents generated by the rotation of the rotating members A to C are the generated currents A to C, the generated current B is δ and the generated current C is based on the phase difference provided in the rotating members 4A to 4C. Causes a phase difference of 2δ.

In FIG. 24, the connection lines from the counter electrodes 2A and 2C are such that the first electrode O is connected to the connection N and the second electrode E is connected to the rectifying diode, but the counter electrode 2B is connected to the second electrode E. To the connection N, the first electrode O is connected to the rectifying diode. Therefore, the waveform of the generated current B is inverted between positive and negative, and is summed with the generated currents A and C in the rectifier circuit. Since the positive/negative inverted AC is equivalent to a phase shift of 1/2 cycle, that is, θ _p , the generated current B has a phase difference of δ+θ _{p with} respect to the generated current A. Since θ _p is 3δ, the phase difference of the generated current B can be restated as 4δ.

Therefore, the power generation current A, the power generation current B with the phase difference 4δ, and the power generation current C with the phase difference 2δ are added up in the rectifier circuit, and one cycle of the power generation current A is 2θ _p , that is, 6δ. This means that the currents A to C each form a three-phase alternating current having a phase difference of 2δ. Therefore, the connection N acts as a neutral wire of the three-phase AC, and the total number of diodes can be reduced. Therefore, the circuit configuration using the rectifying diodes can be simplified and the area of the fixed electrode substrate 38 can be reduced. It will be possible. Although the example of three power generation units is described here, even if the number of power generation units is four or more, the phase difference of each power generation unit can be adjusted to smooth the waveform obtained by combining the AC waveforms of each power generation unit. If so, the same effect can be obtained.

(Fifth Embodiment)
FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing the outline of the speed increasing gear train according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

The fifth embodiment is an embodiment in which, in the first embodiment in FIG. 3, each gear 16 of a plurality of power generation units is directly driven to rotate by a gear 15 of the speed increasing gear train immediately before rotating the rotating member 4. Is. In this embodiment, since the connecting gear train that connects the power generating units A to C is not prepared and each power generating unit is directly driven from the common speed increasing gear 15, the effect of reducing the moment of inertia can be expected.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications of the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention. That is, the specific configurations described in the embodiments are merely examples, and can be changed as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st board|substrate, counter substrate 2 Counter electrode 3 Charging film 4 2nd board, rotation member 8 Shaft 10 Rotating weight 11 Drive gear 12-16 Gear 33 First wheel train receiving 34 2nd wheel train receiving 35 Main plate AD Generation Part O First electrode E Second electrode

Claims (12)

A housing, a first substrate fixed to the housing, a disk-shaped second substrate having an axis rotatably supported by the housing, a charging film, a counter electrode, the charging film and the counter electrode An output unit that outputs the electric power generated between
The counter electrode is installed on a first facing surface of a first substrate, and the charging film is installed on a second facing surface of the second substrate facing the first facing surface,
On the second facing surface of the second substrate, the charging film and a gap portion where the charging film is not installed are alternately arranged at predetermined angles.
An electrostatic induction power generator in which a plurality of sets of one power generation unit including the first substrate, the charging film, the second substrate, the counter electrode, and the output unit are installed. The counter electrode is composed of a plurality of first electrodes and second electrodes provided separately on the first counter surface, and the first electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately arranged along the rotation direction, It arrange|positions at every predetermined angle, the said 1st electrode and the said 2nd electrode are connected, and the said 1st electrode and the said 2nd electrode are each connected to the said output part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. 1. The electrostatic induction power generator according to 1. The electrostatic induction power generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein outer peripheries of the plurality of sets of power generation units are arranged along the inner perimeter of the housing. 4. The shaft of the second substrate of the plurality of sets of power generation units and the shaft of the gear train are rotatably supported by a common plate-shaped member. Static induction generator. 5. All of the first substrates of the plurality of sets of power generation units and an electronic circuit including at least a rectifier circuit are arranged on a common circuit substrate, according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The described electrostatic induction power generator. The electrostatic charge according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a pattern of the charging film and the pattern of the counter electrode has a non-uniform phase difference for each of the plurality of sets of power generation units. Induction generator. With reference to one of the plurality of sets of power generation units, the phase difference of the other plurality of sets of power generation units is 0 or a value obtained by dividing the predetermined angle by the number of sets of the power generation units 6. The electrostatic induction power generator according to claim 5, wherein the static induction generator is a multiple of the above. 6. The electrostatic induction power generator according to claim 5, wherein the phase difference is a value obtained by dividing the predetermined angle by the number of pairs of the power generation units and is an even multiple of 0 and consecutive values. A rotary weight rotatably supported by the housing, a speed increasing gear train that accelerates the rotation of the rotary weight and transmits the rotation to the second substrate of the pair of power generating units, and the second substrate Further having a connecting gear train for transmitting rotation to another second substrate of the power generation unit provided in plural sets,
The first speed increasing ratio of the first gear fixed to the rotary weight and the second gear directly connected thereto is the minimum speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train. 9. The electrostatic induction power generator according to any one of items 1 to 8. The electrostatic induction generator according to claim 9, wherein the speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train is configured to monotonically increase from the first speed increasing ratio. A rotary weight rotatably supported by the housing, a speed increasing gear train that accelerates the rotation of the rotary weight and transmits the rotation to the second substrate of the pair of power generating units, and the second substrate Further having a connecting gear train for transmitting rotation to another second substrate of the power generation unit provided in plural sets,
The first speed increasing ratio of the first gear fixed to the rotary weight and the second gear directly connected thereto is smaller than the final speed increasing ratio of the speed increasing gear train that rotates the second substrate. 8. The electrostatic induction power generator according to any one of 8 above. A rotary weight rotatably supported by the housing, and a speed increasing gear train for increasing the speed of rotation of the rotary weight to transmit the rotation to the second substrate of the set of power generating units of the power generating unit. Then
The shafts of all the second substrates of the plurality of sets of the power generation unit are directly rotationally driven by a gear immediately before rotating the second substrate of the speed increasing gear train. The described electrostatic induction power generator.

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