JP2020129883A - Electrostatic induction type converter - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve power generation performance and driving performance in an electrostatic induction type converter.SOLUTION: An electrostatic induction type converter includes an electret substrate 110 having an electret surface 111a provided with a charged electret film 111, and an opposing substrate 120 having an electrode surface 121a provided with a counter electrode 121 and arranged opposite to the electret surface 111a. One of the electret substrate and the opposing substrate rotates relative to the other. The electrode surface 121a includes an inclined or stepped portion that separates a peripheral edge portion 120a of the electrode surface 121a from the other rather than an inside thereof.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

The present invention relates to an electrostatic induction converter used as a power generator or a driving device.

Patent Document 1 discloses an electrostatic induction power generation device including a rotating member provided with an electret film and an opposite substrate provided with an opposite electrode arranged so as to face the electret film.

JP, 2016-185022, A

Here, in the power generation device of Patent Document 1, in order to increase the amount of power generation, the diameter of the rotating member is increased to increase the power generation area, and the gap between the rotating member and the counter substrate is narrowed, and the charging film is increased. It is considered that the influence of the charging voltage on the counter substrate is increased. However, in the case of such a configuration, when the rotating member is tilted or warped due to a manufacturing error, the peripheral portion of the rotating member is mechanically contacted with the counter substrate. Interference tends to occur. If the rotating member interferes with the counter substrate, the rotating member cannot rotate properly, resulting in a decrease in the amount of power generated by the power generator, or loss of the electric charge charged in the electret film. there's a possibility that. The same problem may occur when the electrostatic induction converter is used as a driving device.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to improve power generation performance and drive performance in an electrostatic induction converter.

The invention disclosed in the present application to solve the above-mentioned problems has various aspects, and the outline of representative aspects thereof is as follows.

(1) An electret substrate having an electret surface on which a charged electret film is provided, and an opposing substrate having an electrode surface provided with a counter electrode and facing the electret surface. One of the substrate and the counter substrate rotates relative to the other, and at least one of the electret surface and the electrode surface separates the peripheral portion of the one from the other side of the inner side, the slope or An electrostatic induction converter including at least a step.

(2) In (1), there is a rotation shaft that rotates one of the electret substrate and the counter substrate relative to the other, and the inclination or step is along the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft. A formed electrostatic induction converter.

(3) In the electrostatic induction converter according to (1) or (2), the peripheral portion of one of the electret surface and the electrode surface is more distant from the inside than the other due to the inclination or the step.

(4) In any one of (1) to (3), the electret substrate has the electret surface on both sides, and the first counter substrate having the electrode surface arranged to face one of the electret surfaces. And a second counter substrate having the electrode surface arranged opposite to the other electret surface, the electrostatic induction converter.

(5) In (4), the electrode surface of the first counter substrate includes at least an inclination or a step for separating a peripheral portion of the electrode surface from the one electret surface rather than the inside thereof, and the second surface The electrostatic induction converter, wherein the electrode surface of the counter substrate includes at least an inclination or a step for separating the peripheral edge portion of the electrode surface from the other electret surface rather than the inner side thereof.

(6) In (4) or (5), the one electret surface has an inclination or a step that separates the peripheral portion of the one electret surface from the electrode surface of the first counter substrate more than the inside thereof. An electrostatic induction converter including at least the other electret surface, and at least including an inclination or a step for separating a peripheral portion of the other electret surface from the electrode surface of the second counter substrate more than the inside thereof. ..

(7) In any one of (1) to (6), the electrode surface includes at least the slope or the step, and the counter substrate has a thickness of a region including a peripheral portion of the electrode face smaller than a region inside thereof. A thin, electrostatic induction converter.

(8) In any one of (1) to (7), the electret surface includes at least the slope or the step, and the electret substrate has a thickness of a region including a peripheral portion of the electret surface from a region inside thereof. A thin, electrostatic induction converter.

(9) In any one of (1) to (8), the electret substrate and the counter substrate have a disk shape, and the electret films are arranged on the electret surface so as to be spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction. A plurality of the electrostatic induction converters are arranged, and the plurality of the counter electrodes are arranged on the electrode surface so as to be circumferentially spaced from each other.

According to the above aspects (1) to (9) of the present invention, it is possible to improve the power generation performance and the driving performance of the electrostatic induction converter.

1 is a plan view showing the outline of the overall configuration of a wristwatch according to a first embodiment. It is a block diagram showing an outline of composition of a wristwatch concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 1st Embodiment typically. It is a top view which shows the electret board|substrate of 1st Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the counter substrate of 1st Embodiment. It is a schematic circuit diagram explaining an example of an operating principle when an electrostatic induction converter is used as a power generator. It is a schematic circuit diagram explaining an example of an operating principle when an electrostatic induction type converter is used as an electrostatic motor. It is a figure which shows the state in which the electret board|substrate inclined with respect to the counter substrate. It is a figure which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 3rd Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the counter substrate of 3rd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 4th Embodiment.

Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, the outline of the overall configuration of the wristwatch according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the outline of the overall configuration of the wristwatch according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the wristwatch according to the first embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the wristwatch 1 includes an outer case 31 including a case and a back cover, a dial 32 arranged in the outer case 31, a second hand 2, a minute hand 3, and an hour hand 4 which are hands indicating the time. Have. The dial 32 is provided with an abbreviation 33 and an hour 34. A crown 18 for the user to perform various operations is arranged on the side of the exterior case 31 on the 3 o'clock side.

The design of the wristwatch 1 shown in FIG. 1 is an example. In addition to the ones shown here, for example, the outer case 31 may have a rectangular shape instead of the round shape, and buttons having an arbitrary number and arrangement may be provided. In addition, in FIG. 1, the hands are the three hands of the second hand 2, the minute hand 3, and the hour hand 4, but not limited to this, the day of the week, the time zone and the presence or absence of summer time, the reception state of the radio wave, the remaining amount of the battery, various types, and the like. It is also possible to add a pointer (hereinafter also referred to as a display hand) for displaying, a date display, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wristwatch 1 includes a power generation device 100 that is an electrostatic induction converter, a power supply 20, a control circuit 40, an electrostatic motor drive circuit 50, and an electrostatic induction converter. It includes an electrostatic motor 200, an electromagnetic motor drive circuit 60, and an electromagnetic motor 70.

The control circuit 40 is a microcomputer having a built-in memory and the like, and controls the operation of various circuits and the like included in the wristwatch 1 according to a program stored in the memory. The operation of the electrostatic motor drive circuit 50 is controlled by the control circuit 40, and drives the electrostatic motor 200. The electrostatic motor 200 moves the second hand 2 via the train wheel 5. The operation of the electromagnetic motor drive circuit 60 is controlled by the control circuit 40, and drives the electromagnetic motor 70. The electromagnetic motor 70 moves the minute hand 3 and the hour hand 4 via the train wheel 6.

Here, the second hand 2 may be used not only as a time hand indicating the time but also as a display hand. Even when the second hand 2 is used as the display hand, the minute hand 3 and the hour hand 4 function as the time hand. For this reason, it is preferable that the second hand 2 be configured to move through a motor or train wheel different from the minute hand 3 and the hour hand 4 so as not to interlock with the minute hand 3 and the hour hand 4. Further, the electrostatic motor 200 is preferable as a motor for moving the pointer so that the pointer continuously flows, and the electromagnetic motor 70 is preferable as a motor for moving the pointer in a stepwise manner. Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the second hand 2 is moved by the electrostatic motor 200, and the minute hand 3 and the hour hand 4 are moved by the electromagnetic motor 70. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the wristwatch 1 may include at least the electrostatic motor 200 as an electrostatic induction converter that moves any one of the hands.

The power supply 20 is driven by the electric energy generated in the power generation device 100 and rectified by the rectifier circuits 61 and 62.

The power generation device 100 also includes an electret substrate 110 and counter substrates 120 and 130. The electrostatic motor 200 also includes an electret substrate 110 and counter substrates 120 and 130. Details of the power generation device 100 and the electrostatic motor 200 as the electrostatic induction converter will be described later.

The wristwatch 1 includes, in addition to the components shown in FIG. 2, a constant voltage source for making the output voltage from the power source 20 constant, a booster circuit for driving the electrostatic motor drive circuit 50 at a low voltage, and the like. You can leave.

Next, the electrostatic induction converter according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the electrostatic induction converter according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the electret substrate of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing the counter substrate of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 shows a counter substrate when the electrostatic induction converter is used as a power generator. In addition, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 described later, a side surface of the electrostatic induction converter and cross sections of support plates 81 and 82 described later are shown. Further, in FIG. 3 and FIG. 8 described later, the electret films 111 and 112 described later and the counter electrodes 121 and 131 described later are omitted.

Here, the electrostatic induction converter means a device that mutually converts kinetic energy and electric energy by using electrostatic induction, and indicates a power generation device or a driving device. Although the principle will be described later, when an external force is applied to the electrostatic induction converter and kinetic energy is applied, the energy can be converted into electric energy and taken out, that is, a power generator. When electric energy is applied to the electrostatic induction converter, the energy can be taken out as kinetic energy, that is, a driving device. In addition, in the first embodiment, the power generation device 100 corresponds to a power generation device, and the electrostatic motor 200 corresponds to a drive device.

The electrostatic induction converter converts mechanical rotary motion into electric energy or extracts electric energy as mechanical rotary motion. Hereinafter, the basic structure of the power generation device 100 will be described. The basic structure of the electrostatic motor 200 is the same as that of the electrostatic motor 200, and a description thereof will be omitted.

The power generation device 100 includes an electret substrate 110, a counter substrate 120, a counter substrate 130, and a rotating shaft 150.

The electret substrate 110 has a disc shape, and the electret film 111 is provided on one surface and the electret film 112 is provided on the other surface. Hereinafter, the surfaces of the electret substrate 110 on which the electret films 111 and 112 are provided will be referred to as electret surfaces 111a and 112a. Here, the disc shape refers to that the member has a generally flat disc shape as a whole, and an appropriate through hole is provided in the surface thereof or a cut is made in the outer peripheral portion. There is no problem with notches, protrusions, or other processing.

As shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of electret films 111 are provided so as to be lined up at intervals in the circumferential direction. Although not shown, a plurality of electret films 112 are also provided so as to be lined up at intervals in the circumferential direction.

Here, a material that is easily charged is used as the material of the electret film, and examples of materials that are negatively charged include silicon oxide and fluororesin. A specific example of such a material is CYTOP (registered trademark), which is a fluororesin manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. Further, other materials for the electret film include polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polymer materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyldendifluoride, polyvinylfluoride, and the above-mentioned silicon oxide, silicon nitride, Inorganic materials such as silicon oxynitride can also be used.

Both ends of the rotary shaft 150 are supported by a bearing 81a of the support plate 81 and a bearing 82a of the support plate 82. In FIG. 3, one end of the rotary shaft 150 is fitted and supported by the bearing 81a, and the other end of the rotary shaft 150 is fitted and supported by the bearing 82a. The support plates 81 and 82 may be, for example, a base plate built in the wristwatch 1 or an appropriate housing. The illustrated example is an example, and both ends of the rotary shaft 150 may be supported by bearings formed on the counter substrates 120 and 130.

The electret substrate 110 and the rotating shaft 150 are fixed to each other. The rotary shaft 150 may be fixed to the electret substrate 110 by being press-fitted into a shaft hole formed at the center of the electret substrate 110, for example. In the power generation device 100, the electret substrate 110 rotates as the rotating shaft 150 rotates. On the other hand, as will be described later, in the electrostatic motor 200, the rotating shaft 150 rotates as the electret substrate 110 rotates.

The counter substrate 120 has a disk shape, and the counter electrode 121 is provided on the surface of the counter substrate 120 facing the electret surface 111 a of the electret substrate 110. Hereinafter, of the counter substrate 120, the surface provided with the counter electrode 121 and facing the electret surface 111a is referred to as an electrode surface 121a. As shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of counter electrodes 121 are provided so as to be lined up at intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, the counter substrate 120 has a shaft hole 123 at the center thereof. The rotary shaft 150 is inserted into the shaft hole 123. The rotating shaft 150 is not fixed to the counter substrate 120 but idles with respect to the counter substrate 120.

Although not shown, the counter substrate 130 has the same configuration as the counter substrate 120. That is, the counter substrate 130 has a disk shape, and the counter electrode 131 is provided on the surface of the counter substrate 130 that faces the electret surface 112 a of the electret substrate 110. Hereinafter, of the counter substrate 130, the surface provided with the counter electrode 131 and facing the electret surface 112a is referred to as an electrode surface 131a. Further, the counter substrate 130 has a shaft hole 133 (see FIG. 3) through which the rotary shaft 150 is inserted. The rotating shaft 150 is not fixed also to the counter substrate 130, and idles with respect to the counter substrate 130.

The counter substrate 120 may be, for example, a molded circuit component (MID: Molded Interconnect Device) integrally formed with the counter electrode 121. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the counter substrate 120 is, for example, a disk-shaped substrate on which a flexible circuit board (FPC: Flexible Printed Circuits) having a counter electrode patterned is attached. It doesn't matter. The same applies to the counter substrate 130.

The counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130 are arranged so as to sandwich the electret substrate 110 at a predetermined distance from the electret substrate 110 in the direction in which the rotating shaft 150 extends.

The planar shapes of the electret film and the counter electrode are not limited to those shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. Further, for example, a configuration in which a plurality of through holes arranged in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals are formed in the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130, and the electret film and the counter electrode are arranged in a region where the through holes are not formed. May be

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating an example of the operating principle when the electrostatic induction converter is used as a power generator. As shown in FIG. 6, the electret film 111 provided on the electret substrate 110 and the counter electrode 121 provided on the counter substrate 120 are arranged with a predetermined small gap. Similarly, the electret film 112 provided on the electret substrate 110 and the counter electrode 131 provided on the counter substrate 130 are arranged with a predetermined slight interval. Note that the counter substrates 120 and 130 are not shown in FIG.

In addition, as described above, the counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130 are configured such that regions where electrodes are present and regions where electrodes are not present are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction, and the electret substrate 110 is a region where an electret film is provided. And regions not provided are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The electret substrate 110 is fixed to the rotating shaft 150 and rotates as the rotating shaft 150 rotates. On the other hand, the counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130 are not fixed to the rotating shaft 150. Therefore, the electret substrate 110 and the rotating shaft 150 rotate relative to the counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130.

The electret substrate 110 rotates in accordance with the rotation of the rotating shaft 150, and the state in which the electret film 111 and the counter electrode 121 face each other and the state in which they do not face each other are switched, and the state where the electret film 112 and the counter electrode 131 face each other are different from each other. The states change. The rotary shaft 150 may have, for example, a pinion (not shown), and the rotation of the rotary weight 15 may be transmitted via a train wheel (not shown) that meshes with the pinion. Then, the rotary shaft 150 may rotate with the rotation of the rotary weight 15. The oscillating weight 15 may be provided so as to rotate with the movement of the user's arm when the user wearing the wristwatch 1 on the arm walks, for example.

The electret films 111 and 112 are formed so as to be in a predetermined charged state. In the first embodiment, the electret films 111 and 112 are both charged so as to have a negative charge.

In the state where the counter electrode 121 of the counter substrate 120 faces the electret film 111, the opposite charge is accumulated in the counter electrode 121 by being induced by the surface charge of the electret film 111 (in the first embodiment, Positive charges are accumulated on the counter electrode 121). After that, when the electret substrate 110 rotates and the electret film 111 does not face the counter electrode 121 directly, the electric charge induced and accumulated in the counter electrode 121 is swept out and rectified by the rectifier circuit 61 to be extracted as electric energy. Be done.

Similarly, in a state where the counter electrode 131 of the counter substrate 130 faces the electret film 112 directly, charges of opposite polarity are accumulated in the counter electrode 131 due to the surface charges of the electret film 112 (first embodiment). , A positive charge is stored in the counter electrode 131). After that, when the electret substrate 110 rotates and the electret film 112 does not directly face the counter electrode 131, the charge induced and accumulated in the counter electrode 131 is swept out and rectified by the rectifier circuit 62 to be extracted as electric energy. Be done.

Note that FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which the counter electrode 121 and the counter electrode 131 are arranged on the counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130 so that the phases in the circumferential direction are different. However, the configuration is not limited to this, and the counter electrode 121 and the counter electrode 131 may be arranged so that the phases in the circumferential direction are the same.

FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram illustrating an example of the operating principle when the electrostatic induction converter illustrated in FIGS. 3 to 5 is used as the electrostatic motor 200. Also in this case, the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130 are arranged to face each other with a predetermined small gap. Further, as the electret substrate 110 rotates, the state in which the electret film 111 and the counter electrode 121 face each other and the state in which they do not face each other and the state where the electret film 112 and the counter electrode 131 face each other and the state in which they do not face each other are switched. ..

The electret films 111 and 112 are formed so as to be in a predetermined charged state. In the first embodiment, the electret films 111 and 112 are both charged so as to have a negative charge. Further, the counter electrode 121 and the counter electrode 131 are arranged on the counter substrate 120 and the counter substrate 130 so as to have different phases in the circumferential direction. The control circuit 40 controls the switch 63 included in the electrostatic motor drive circuit 50 so that the reverse charge of the electrified films 111 and 112 is applied at a predetermined timing.

When the opposite charge of the electrified films 111 and 112 is applied to one of the opposite electrode 121 and the opposite electrode 131, the electret film 111 or the electret film 112 is applied with the opposite charge due to electrostatic force. The electret substrate 110 rotates so as to directly face. The electret substrate 110 can be continuously rotated by switching the switch 63 as appropriate to alternately switch the presence/absence of the application of the opposite charges to the counter electrode 121 and the counter electrode 131 with good timing. As the electret substrate 110 rotates, the rotary shaft 150 rotates. As a result, the rotary motion can be taken out in the electrostatic motor 200.

The circuit configuration for using the static induction converter described above as the power generation device 100 or the electrostatic motor 200 is an example, and other configurations including the arrangement of various members may be adopted.

In the power generation device 100, in order to increase the amount of power generation, it is preferable to increase the diameter of the electret substrate 110 to increase the area where the electret films 111 and 112 are provided. Further, in order to increase the amount of power generation, it is preferable to narrow the gap between the electret films 111 and 112 and the counter electrodes 121 and 131. That is, it is preferable to narrow the gap G (see FIG. 3) between the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130. Similarly, also in the electrostatic motor 200, it is preferable to increase the diameter of the electret substrate 110 and narrow the gap G in order to obtain a large power.

Here, depending on the dimensions/machining precision of the bearings 81a and 82a, the dimensions/machining precision of the rotary shaft 150, and the mounting precision of the rotary shaft 150, the rotary shaft 150 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130. there is a possibility. When the rotating shaft 150 tilts, the electret substrate 110 fixed to the rotating shaft 150 tilts with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130. Thus, if the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the peripheral edge portion 110a of the electret substrate 110 may interfere with the counter substrates 120 and 130.

In particular, when the diameter of the electret substrate 110 is increased or the gap G between the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130 is narrowed, when the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, Mechanical interference with the substrates 120 and 130 is likely to occur. If the electret substrate 110 interferes with the counter substrates 120 and 130, friction may occur between the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130, and a desired power generation amount or a desired power may not be obtained. There is. If the gap G between the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130 is widened assuming that the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the electret films 111 and 112, the counter electrode 121, and the counter electrode. There is a possibility that the influence of the electrostatic force generated between 131 becomes small, and it becomes impossible to obtain a desired amount of power generation or a desired power.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the electrode surface 121a includes an inclination that separates the peripheral portion 120a of the electrode surface 121a from the electret surface 111a rather than the inner side thereof. That is, the electrode surface 121a includes the inclined surface 121a1.

In addition, in the first embodiment, the counter substrate 120 is configured to have a thickness that decreases from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. Specifically, the thickness of the counter substrate 120 at the innermost side of the inclined surface 121a1 is t1, the thickness of the counter substrate 120 at the peripheral edge portion 120a is t2, and t1>t2. The inclined surface 121a1 is formed along the circumferential direction, and the counter substrate 120 has the same thickness in the circumferential direction. Due to such a configuration, the width of the gap G between the electret surface 111a and the electrode surface 121a is the same in the circumferential direction, that is, the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrate 120 as shown in FIG. In the absence state, the gap G between the electret surface 111a and the electrode surface 121a is wider in the radial direction from the inner side to the outer side.

Similarly, the electrode surface 131a includes an inclination that separates the peripheral portion 130a of the electrode surface 131a from the electret surface 112a rather than the inside thereof. That is, the electrode surface 131a includes the inclined surface 131a1. In the first embodiment, the counter substrate 130 has a structure in which the thickness decreases from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. Note that the thickness and diameter of the counter substrate 130 may be similar to those of the counter substrate 120. Due to such a configuration, the width of the gap G between the electret surface 112a and the electrode surface 131a is the same in the circumferential direction, that is, the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrate 130 as shown in FIG. In the absence state, the gap G between the electret surface 112a and the electrode surface 131a is wider in the radial direction from the inner side to the outer side.

FIG. 8 shows a state in which the electret substrate 110 is tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130 in the electrostatic induction converter according to the first embodiment. Specifically, the state is shown in which the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130 due to the rotation shaft 150 being displaced from a desired position due to the assembly accuracy of the rotation shaft 150 and the like. The broken line in FIG. 8 shows the electret substrate 110 in a state where it is not tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130.

In the first embodiment, since the configuration shown in FIG. 3 is adopted, as shown in FIG. 8, the allowable amount of inclination of the electret substrate 110 with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130 becomes large. That is, even when the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the peripheral portion 110 a of the electret substrate 110 is unlikely to interfere with the counter substrates 120 and 130. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the diameter of the electret substrate 110 can be increased and the gap G between the opposite substrates 120 and 130 can be narrowed. As a result, in the power generation device 100, the amount of power generation can be increased. Further, in the electrostatic motor 200, it is possible to improve the rotation torque and obtain a large power. As described above, in the first embodiment, the power generation performance and the driving performance can be improved in the electrostatic induction converter. Further, in the configuration of the first embodiment, even if the assembly accuracy of the rotating shaft 150 is not sufficient, the occurrence of problems such as the electret substrate 110 interfering with the counter substrates 120 and 130 is suppressed. Therefore, the cost and time required for assembling the rotary shaft 150, the electret substrate 110, the counter substrates 120 and 130, and the like can be suppressed.

When the electret substrate 110 is tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the gap G has a wide region and a narrow region. In the region where the gap G is narrow, the electric charges are easily induced, and in the region where the gap G is wide, the electric charges are less likely to be induced. As a whole, compared with the ideal state, the power generation performance and the driving performance are It may decrease slightly. However, as described above, in the first embodiment, since the diameter of the electret substrate 110 can be increased and the gap G can be decreased, the power generation performance and the driving performance can be improved, and therefore the entire structure can be improved. As a result, it is possible to maintain and improve power generation performance and drive performance.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the vicinity of the center of the electrode surface 121a of the counter substrate 120 is a flat surface. That is, the inclined surface 121a1 was formed only on the outer peripheral side of the electrode surface 121a. By thus forming a part of the electrode surface 121a as the inclined surface 121a1, the gap G on the outer side in the radial direction becomes unnecessarily wide as compared with the case where the entire electrode surface 121a is an inclined surface. The gap G with the electret substrate 110 near the center of the counter substrate 120 can be narrowed while suppressing the occurrence of the occurrence.

Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the electrostatic induction converter of the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram schematically showing the electrostatic induction converter according to the second embodiment. Note that, in FIG. 9, as in FIG. 3, a side surface of the electrostatic induction converter and cross sections of the support plates 81 and 82 are shown. Further, in FIG. 9, the electret films 111 and 112 and the counter electrodes 121 and 131 are not shown. The same components as those in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3 and the like are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the first embodiment, the example in which the inclined surfaces are formed on the counter substrates 120 and 130 has been shown, but in the second embodiment, an example in which the inclined surfaces 111a1 and 112a1 are formed on the electret substrate 110 will be described.

In the second embodiment, the electret surface 111a includes an inclination that separates the peripheral edge portion 110a of the electret surface 111a from the electrode surface 121a rather than the inner side thereof. Similarly, the electret surface 112a includes a slope that separates the peripheral edge portion 110a of the electret surface 112a from the electrode surface 131a rather than the inner side thereof. That is, the electret surface 111a includes the inclined surface 111a1 and the electret surface 112a includes the inclined surface 112a1. In the second embodiment, the electret substrate 110 is configured to have a thickness that decreases from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. In the second embodiment, the thickness of the innermost electret substrate 110 in the radial direction is t3, the thickness of the peripheral edge portion 110a of the electret substrate 110 is t4, and t3>t4. The inclined surfaces 111a1 and 112a are formed along the circumferential direction, and the electret substrate 110 has the same thickness in the circumferential direction.

Due to such a configuration, the width of the gap G between the electret surface 111a and the electrode surface 121a is the same in the circumferential direction, that is, the electret substrate 110 is inclined with respect to the counter substrate 130 as shown in FIG. In the absence state, the gap G between the electret surface 111a and the electrode surface 121a is wider in the radial direction from the inner side to the outer side. Similarly, the gap G between the electret surface 111a and the electrode surface 131a is wider in the radial direction from the inner side to the outer side.

Also in the configuration of the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, even when the electret substrate 110 is tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the peripheral portion 110a of the electret substrate 110 faces. It does not easily interfere with the substrates 120 and 130. Therefore, the diameter of the electret substrate 110 can be increased or the gap G can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of power generation in the power generation device 100 and obtain large power in the electrostatic motor 200.

Although FIG. 9 shows an example in which all the areas of the electret surfaces 111a and 112a of the electret substrate 110 are inclined, the present invention is not limited to this, and the inclined surfaces 111a1 and 112a1 are partially included. May be

Next, with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the electrostatic induction converter according to the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 10: is a figure which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 3rd Embodiment. FIG. 11 is a plan view showing the counter substrate of the third embodiment. FIG. 11 shows a counter substrate when the electrostatic induction converter is used as a power generator. The same components as those in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3 and the like are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the example in which the electret substrate 110 or the counter substrates 120 and 130 have an inclination is shown, but in the third embodiment, the counter substrates 120 and 130 have a step. An example will be described.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, in the counter substrate 120, the electrode surface 121a includes a step that separates the peripheral portion 120a of the electrode surface 121a from the electret surface 111a rather than the inside thereof. That is, the electrode surface 121a has an upright surface 121a2 that is upright from the same plane as the peripheral portion 120a. The upright surface 121a2 is preferably formed continuously in the circumferential direction, as shown in FIG. Since the standing surface 121a2 is provided in this manner, the counter substrate 120 has a different thickness in the radial direction with the standing surface 121a2 interposed therebetween. Specifically, the thickness of the counter substrate 120 inside the standing surface 121a2 in the radial direction is t5, and the thickness of the counter substrate 120 outside the standing surface 121a2 is t6, and t5>t6. Further, the standing surface 131a2 was similarly formed on the counter substrate 130.

In the configuration of the third embodiment, the gap G on the outer side in the radial direction than the upright surfaces 121a2, 131a2 is wider than the gap G on the inner side in the radial direction than the upright surfaces 121a2, 131a2. Therefore, even when the electret substrate 110 is tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the peripheral portion 110a of the electret substrate 110 is unlikely to interfere with the counter substrates 120 and 130. Therefore, the diameter of the electret substrate 110 can be increased or the gap G can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of power generation in the power generation device 100 and obtain large power in the electrostatic motor 200.

Next, with reference to FIG. 12, the electrostatic induction converter of the fourth embodiment will be described. FIG. 12: is a figure which shows the electrostatic induction converter of 4th Embodiment. The same components as those in the first embodiment described with reference to FIG. 3 and the like are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

In the third embodiment, an example in which the counter substrates 120 and 130 have steps is shown, but in the fourth embodiment, an example in which the electret substrate 110 has steps is described.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, in the electret substrate 110, the electret surface 111a includes a step that separates the peripheral edge portion 110a of the electret surface 111a from the electrode surface 121a rather than the inner side thereof. Similarly, the electret surface 112a includes a step that separates the peripheral portion 110a of the electret surface 112a from the electrode surface 131a rather than the inside thereof. That is, the electret surface 111a has an upright surface 111a2 which is upright from the same plane as the peripheral edge 110a, and the electret surface 112a has an upright surface 112a2 which is upright from the same plane as the peripheral edge 110a. The upright surfaces 111a2 and 112a2 are preferably formed continuously in the circumferential direction. Since the rising surfaces 111a2 and 112a2 are provided in this manner, the electret substrate 110 has different thicknesses in the radial direction via the rising surfaces 111a2 and 112a2. Specifically, the thickness of the electret substrate 110 inside the upright surfaces 111a2 and 112a2 in the radial direction is set to t7, and the thickness of the electret substrate 110 inside the upright surfaces 111a2 and 112a2 is set to t8, and t7>t8.

In the configuration of the fourth embodiment, the gap G on the radially outer side of the upright surfaces 111a2, 112a2 is wider than the gap G on the radially inner side of the upright surfaces 111a2, 112a2. Therefore, even when the electret substrate 110 is tilted with respect to the counter substrates 120 and 130, the peripheral portion 110a of the electret substrate 110 is unlikely to interfere with the counter substrates 120 and 130. Therefore, the diameter of the electret substrate 110 can be increased or the gap G can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to increase the amount of power generation in the power generation device 100 and obtain large power in the electrostatic motor 200.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the wristwatch 1 including both the power generation device 100, which is an electrostatic induction converter, and the electrostatic motor 200 has been described, but only one of them may be included.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration in which the electret substrate 110 is rotationally driven has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is preferable to have a configuration in which the state in which it does not correspond to the state in which it does not exist is replaced. That is, it is sufficient that the electret substrate 110 and the counter substrates 120 and 130 move relative to each other. For example, even if the electret substrate 110 is a fixed substrate and the counter substrates 120 and 130 are rotating substrates that rotate. Good.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the configuration in which the opposing substrates are arranged on both sides of the electret substrate 110 has been described, but the configuration may be such that the opposing substrates are disposed on only one side. That is, for example, in the first embodiment, the counter substrate 130 shown in FIG. 3 may not be provided, and only the counter substrate 120 may be provided. In this case, the electret film 111 may be provided only on the surface of the surface of the electret substrate 110 facing the counter substrate 120.

Further, the configurations of the above embodiments may be combined as appropriate. That is, for example, a configuration including the counter substrate having the tilted electrode surface shown in the first embodiment and the electret substrate having the tilted electret surface shown in the second embodiment Good. In addition, for example, a configuration including the counter substrate having the electrode surface on which the inclination is formed as shown in the first embodiment and the electret substrate having the electret surface as shown in the fourth embodiment is also included. Good.

Further, in the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment, an example in which one standing surface formed along the circumferential direction is formed is shown, but a plurality of standing surfaces may be formed. That is, one of the electret surface or the electrode surface may be intermittently separated from the other surface as it goes outward in the radial direction. Further, the electret surface and the electrode surface are not limited to those including either the slope or the step, and may include both the slope and the step.

Further, the power generation device 100 is not limited to being used as a small and lightweight power generator incorporated in the wristwatch 1, but may be, for example, an outdoor sensor that generates power by external exercise and supplies power, or a power generator for small lighting. It may be used or may be used for other purposes. Further, the electrostatic motor 200 is not limited to the one that moves the second hand 2, and may move the other display hands.

Although the embodiment according to the present invention has been described above, the specific configuration shown in this embodiment is shown as an example, and the technical scope of the present invention is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may appropriately modify these disclosed embodiments, and it should be understood that the technical scope of the invention disclosed in the present specification includes such modifications.

1 wrist watch, 2 second hand, 3 minute hand, 4 hour hand, 5, 6 wheel train, 15 rotary weight, 18 crown, 20 power supply, 31 exterior case, 32 dial, 33 abbreviation, 34 hour character, 40 control circuit, 50 electrostatic Motor drive circuit, 60 electromagnetic motor drive circuit, 61,62 rectifier circuit, 63 switch, 70 electromagnetic motor, 81,82 support plate, 81a, 82a bearing, 100 power generator, 110 electret substrate, 110a peripheral portion, 111,112 electret Membrane, 111a, 112a Electret surface, 111a1, 112a1 Inclined surface, 111a2, 112a2 Standing surface, 120, 130 Counter substrate, 120a, 130a Peripheral part, 121, 131 Counter electrode, 121a1, 131a1 Electrode surface, 121a1, 131a1 Inclined surface, 121a2, 131a2 upright surface, 123, 133 shaft hole, 200 electrostatic motor.

Claims (9)

An electret substrate having an electret surface on which a charged electret film is provided,
A counter substrate provided with a counter electrode and having an electrode surface arranged to face the electret surface,
Have
One of the electret substrate and the counter substrate rotates relative to the other,
At least one of the electret surface and the electrode surface includes at least an inclination or a step for separating the peripheral portion of the one from the other side than the inner side thereof,
Electrostatic induction converter. One of the electret substrate and the counter substrate has a rotation shaft that rotates relative to the other,
The slope or step is formed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft,
The electrostatic induction converter according to claim 1. Due to the inclination or the step, the peripheral portion of one of the electret surface and the electrode surface is separated from the other than the inside thereof,
The electrostatic induction converter according to claim 1. The electret substrate has the electret surface on both sides,
A first counter substrate having the electrode surface arranged to face one of the electret surfaces;
A second counter substrate having the electrode surface arranged to face the other electret surface;
Have
The electrostatic induction converter according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The electrode surface of the first counter substrate includes at least an inclination or a step for separating a peripheral edge portion of the electrode surface from the one electret surface rather than an inner side thereof,
The electrode surface of the second counter substrate includes at least an inclination or a step that separates a peripheral portion of the electrode surface from the other electret surface rather than the inside thereof.
The electrostatic induction converter according to claim 4. The one electret surface includes at least an inclination or a step of separating the peripheral portion of the one electret surface from the electrode surface of the first counter substrate more than the inner side thereof,
The other electret surface includes at least an inclination or a step for separating the peripheral portion of the other electret surface from the electrode surface of the second counter substrate more than the inside thereof.
The electrostatic induction converter according to claim 4 or 5. The electrode surface includes at least the slope or the step,
In the counter substrate, a thickness of a region including a peripheral portion of the electrode surface is thinner than a region inside thereof.
The electrostatic induction converter according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The electret surface includes at least the slope or the step,
The electret substrate, the thickness of the region including the peripheral portion of the electret surface is thinner than the inner region,
The electrostatic induction converter according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The electret substrate and the counter substrate are disc-shaped,
A plurality of the electret films are arranged on the electret surface so as to be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction,
A plurality of the counter electrodes are arranged on the electrode surface so as to be lined up at intervals in the circumferential direction.
The electrostatic induction converter according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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