JP2020124772A - Annular tool, processing device including the same, and processing method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an annular tool which enables reduction of a pattern formed on a processing surface while avoiding increase of work hours, and to provide a processing device including the annular tool and a processing method using the annular tool.SOLUTION: An annular tool 50 includes: a rotary shaft body 52; an annular cutting edge 53 which is disposed at the outer periphery side and an end part as seen in an axial At direction of the rotary shaft body 52, rotates in conjunction with rotation of the rotary shaft body 52, and includes an outer peripheral surface 53a formed as a rake surface; and a grind stone 60 which is disposed at the end part of the rotary shaft body 52 as seen in the axial At direction, rotates in conjunction with the rotation of the rotary shaft body 52, includes a grind stone flank surface 60a forming at least a part of the flank surface, and can grind a processing surface of a workpiece cut by the cutting edge 53.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1B

Description

The present invention relates to an annular tool, a processing device including the annular tool, and a processing method using the annular tool.

Patent Document 1 describes a technique for performing cutting on a workpiece while rotating an annular tool having an annular cutting edge whose outer peripheral surface is a rake face. In the cutting process using this annular tool, the cutting heat generated in the cutting edge is dispersed over the entire outer peripheral surface by performing the cutting process while rotating the annular tool, and the tool life is improved.

JP, 2016-26894, A

In the technique described in Patent Document 1 described above, the cutting process is performed while rotating the annular tool with the axis of the annular tool arranged non-parallel to the feed direction of the annular tool with respect to the workpiece. In this case, a pattern may be generated on the machined surface of the machined work piece due to the runout generated on the annular tool or the deposit adhered to the annular tool. The pattern is formed even when the surface roughness of the machined surface satisfies the standard, but in many cases, a workpiece having no pattern on the machined surface is preferred. On the other hand, a work without a pattern can be formed by finishing the work after cutting with the annular tool, but in this case, the number of working steps increases.

The present invention provides an annular tool that can reduce the number of patterns formed on a machined surface while avoiding an increase in the number of working steps, a processing apparatus including the annular tool, and a processing method using the annular tool. To aim.

The annular tool of the present invention is a rotary shaft main body, and an annular cut that is disposed on the outer peripheral side and axial end of the rotary shaft main body, rotates with the rotation of the rotary shaft main body, and has an outer peripheral surface as a rake face. A blade, disposed at the axial end of the rotary shaft main body, rotates with the rotation of the rotary shaft main body, and includes a grindstone flank that constitutes at least a part of the flank, and is cut by the cutting edge. And a grindstone capable of grinding the machined surface of the workpiece.

According to the annular tool, the cutting edge and the grindstone rotate integrally with the rotary shaft body. Therefore, the annular tool rotates the rotary shaft main body in a state where both the cutting edge and the grindstone are in contact with the workpiece, thereby simultaneously performing the cutting processing by the cutting edge and the grinding processing by the grinding wheel flank surface on the workpiece. It can be carried out. That is, the annular tool can perform the grinding process by the grinding wheel flank face as the finishing process on the machined surface of the workpiece after the cutting process by the cutting edge. Therefore, in the annular tool, even if a pattern is generated on the machined surface after cutting, the pattern is generated on the machined surface after machining by performing grinding with the grinding wheel flank surface on the machined surface. Can be reduced.

A processing apparatus including an annular tool of the present invention includes a tool holding device that rotatably holds the above-described annular tool and a workpiece holding device that holds the workpiece. The processing device has the same effects as the above annular tool.

The processing method using the annular tool of the present invention is a method of processing the workpiece by the annular tool while rotating the annular tool described above, wherein the cutting edge cuts the workpiece, and the grindstone is Grinding the machined surface of the workpiece cut by the cutting edge. The processing device has the same effects as the above annular tool.

It is a front view of the annular tool in one embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of the annular tool taken along the line IB-IB in FIG. 1A, and shows in an enlarged manner a portion where a rotary shaft body, a cutting edge, and a grindstone are arranged. It is a top view which shows the whole structure of the processing apparatus provided with the annular tool. FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the processing device taken along line IIB-IIB in FIG. 2A. It is an enlarged view of the annular tool and the workpiece held by the tool holding device, and shows a state where the cutting edge of the annular tool and the workpiece are in contact. It is the figure which showed typically the processing part of the workpiece|work with an annular tool. It is a front view of the annular tool in a 1st modification. It is a bottom view of the annular tool in a 1st modification. It is a front view of the annular tool in a 2nd modification. It is a bottom view of the annular tool in a 2nd modification. It is a front view of the annular tool in a 3rd modification. It is a front view of the annular tool in a 4th modification.

(1. Outline of annular tool)
The annular tool is a rotary tool capable of simultaneously cutting and grinding a workpiece. The annular tool includes a cutting edge capable of cutting a workpiece and a grindstone capable of grinding the workpiece. In the processing using the annular tool, the cutting edge and the grindstone rotate integrally.

When machining a workpiece, the annular tool can perform cutting with a cutting edge, and then perform grinding with a grindstone on a processing surface processed by the cutting. In this case, even if a pattern is generated on the machined surface after cutting with the cutting edge, the annular tool performs patterning on the machined surface of the machined workpiece by performing grinding with a grindstone on the machined surface. Can be reduced.

(2. Configuration of the annular tool 50)
First, the configuration of the annular tool 50 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the annular tool 50 includes a tool shaft member 51, a rotary shaft main body 52, a cutting edge 53, and a grindstone 60. The tool shaft member 51 is a portion to which the rotational drive force from the drive source is transmitted, and when the rotational drive force is transmitted to the tool shaft member 51, the rotary shaft main body 52, the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 are It rotates integrally with the member 51.

The rotary shaft main body 52 is formed in a truncated cone shape. The tool shaft member 51 is integrally rotatably connected to the rotary shaft main body 52 at the small-diameter side end surface 52a, and the grindstone 60 is integrally rotatably held at the large-diameter side end surface 52b. The rotary shaft body 52 may have a cylindrical shape.

The cutting edge 53 is an annular portion that cuts the workpiece W in processing the workpiece W (see FIG. 2A) using the annular tool 50. In the present embodiment, in the annular tool 50, the rotary shaft main body 52 and the cutting edge 53 are made of the same material, and the rotary shaft main body 52 and the cutting edge 53 are integrally formed. In this regard, the cutting edge 53 may be formed separately from the rotary shaft main body 52, or may be formed of a material different from that of the rotary shaft main body 52. Further, in the present embodiment, the outer peripheral surface 53a of the cutting edge 53 is formed flush with the outer peripheral surface 52c of the rotary shaft main body 52, but the outer peripheral surface 53a of the cutting edge 53 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft main body 52. 52c does not need to be flush.

The grindstone 60 is arranged coaxially with the cutting edge 53 at the end of the rotary shaft main body 52 in the axis line At direction and inside the cutting edge 53. In the present embodiment, the bottom surface of the cutting edge 53 (the end surface that faces downward in FIG. 1B) and the bottom surface of the grindstone 60 (the end surface that faces downward in FIG. 1B) are arranged flush with each other.

Here, in the annular tool 50 as a cutting tool, the outer peripheral surface 52c of the rotary shaft main body 52 and the outer peripheral surface 53a of the cutting edge 53 are rake surfaces, and the bottom surface of the cutting edge 53 and the bottom surface of the grindstone 60 are flank surfaces. The ring-shaped tool 50 rotates the ring-shaped tool 50 around the axis At while keeping the ring-shaped blade edge 54, which is the ridgeline portion between the outer peripheral surface and the bottom surface of the cutting edge 53, in contact with the workpiece W, and moves the ring-shaped tool 50. By moving the workpiece W, the workpiece W can be cut. Hereinafter, the bottom surface of the cutting edge 53 is referred to as a “cutting edge flank 53b”, and the bottom surface of the grindstone 60 is referred to as a “grinding wheel flank 60a”.

Further, the annular tool 50 can grind the workpiece W by moving the annular tool 50 while rotating the annular tool 50 around the axis At with the grindstone 60 in contact with the workpiece. ..

Then, in the annular tool 50, the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 rotate around the axis At as the rotating shaft body 52 rotates. That is, the annular tool 50 moves the annular tool 50 around the axis At while moving the annular tool 50 with the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 in contact with the workpiece W, thereby cutting with the cutting edge 53. Grinding with the grindstone 60 can be performed while performing the processing.

Here, the cutting edge flank 53b and the grindstone flank 60a are formed in a planar shape orthogonal to the axis At of the annular tool 50. That is, the clearance angle formed by the cutting edge flank 53b and the grindstone flank 60a is 0 degree with respect to the virtual plane V that is orthogonal to the axis At of the annular tool 50 and includes the cutting edge 54. In this case, the annular tool 50 can prevent the grindstone flank 60a from excessively contacting the workpiece W as compared with the case where the clearance angle by the grindstone flank 60a is less than 0 degree. As a result, in the annular tool 50, it is possible to suppress early wear of the grindstone 60, and it is possible to improve the tool life.

Further, in the annular tool 50, the grindstone 60 is arranged at a position distant inward in the radial direction with respect to the cutting edge 54 of the cutting edge 53. As a result, the annular tool 50 can prevent the outer peripheral side of the grindstone 60 close to the cutting edge 54 from being worn earlier than the inner peripheral side of the grindstone 60. In addition to this, in the annular tool 50, the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank 53b is set to 0 degree, so that the diameter of the cutting edge 53 is larger than that when the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank surface 53b exceeds 0 degree. The directional rigidity can be increased.

Furthermore, the annular tool 50 can correct the grindstone 60 when the grindstone 60 is worn. That is, for example, the annular tool 50 can perform truing of the grindstone flank 60a when the grindstone flank 60a is uneven, and dresses the grindstone flank 60a when the grindstone flank 60a is worn. It can be carried out. In this way, the annular tool 50 can recover the sharpness of the whetstone 60 by correcting the worn whetstone 60 even when the whetstone 60 is worn. Therefore, the annular tool 50 can prolong the tool life.

In addition to this, the annular tool 50 can correct the cutting edge 53 when the cutting edge 53 is worn. That is, the annular tool 50 can re-polish the cutting edge 53 when the cutting edge 53 is worn. As described above, the annular tool 50 can recover the sharpness of the cutting edge 53 by correcting the worn cutting edge 53 even when the cutting edge 53 is worn. Therefore, the annular tool 50 can prolong the tool life.

Further, the annular tool 50 can adjust the clearance angle by the grinding wheel flank 60a by correcting the cutting edge 53 when the grinding wheel flank 60a is worn or the like. That is, the annular tool 50 can match the position of the cutting edge 54 in the axis At direction with the position of the grindstone flank 60a in the axis At direction. Therefore, in the annular tool 50, even if the grindstone flank 60a is worn, the grindstone flank 60a can be brought into contact with the workpiece W during the cutting process by correcting the cutting edge 53. Can be maintained. As a result, the annular tool 50 can improve the tool life.

The cutting edge 53 and the grindstone flank 60a may be modified separately or simultaneously. Further, the annular tool 50 can correct the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone flank 60a at the same time to make the clearance angle by the cutting flank 53b and the clearance angle by the grindstone flank 60a the same angle. It will be easy.

Further, the grindstone 60 is set to have the same thickness dimension in the axial At direction of the annular tool 50. Therefore, the annular tool 50 can prevent a part of the grindstone flank 60a from being removed earlier than the other part due to wear or correction of the grindstone 60. Further, by increasing the thickness of the grindstone 60 in the direction of the axis At, the tool life of the annular tool 50 can be improved because the grindstone flank 60a can be corrected more.

In addition, in the present embodiment, the cutting edge 53 is integrated with the rotary shaft main body 52 formed in a truncated cone shape. That is, the outer diameter of the cutting edge 54 is reduced each time the cutting edge 53 is re-polished, and the radial dimension of the cutting edge flank 53b is reduced. Get smaller. Therefore, in the annular tool 50, it is preferable that the minimum distance between the outer peripheral edge of the grindstone 60 and the outer peripheral surface of the cutting edge 53 that constitutes the rake surface be equal to or greater than a predetermined dimension. Thereby, the annular tool 50 can maintain the radial rigidity of the cutting edge 53 and wear the outer peripheral side of the grindstone 60 earlier than the inner peripheral side of the grindstone 60 even when the re-polishing is performed plural times. Can be suppressed.

(3. Processing device 1)
Next, the configuration of the processing apparatus 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. As shown in FIG. 2A, the processing device 1 is a four-axis machining center including three linear axes (X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis) orthogonal to each other and one rotation axis (C-axis). The processing apparatus 1 mainly includes a work holding device 10, a work feeding device 20, and a tool holding device 30.

The work holding device 10 holds the work W rotatably. The work holding device 10 includes a headstock 11 and a tailstock 12. The headstock 11 rotatably supports one end side (right side in FIG. 2A) of the workpiece W in the axial direction. The headstock 11 includes a headstock body 13 as a housing, a rotary spindle 14 rotatably supported by the headstock body 13, and a rotary spindle motor (not shown) that applies a driving force for rotating the rotary spindle 14. Equipped with. The tailstock 12 includes a tailstock main body 16 as a housing, and a tailstock center 17 that rotatably supports the other end side (left side in FIG. 2A) of the workpiece W in the axial direction.

The work holding device 10 supports both ends of the work W in the direction of the axis Aw by the rotary spindle 14 and the tailstock center 17 with the axis Aw of the work W oriented parallel to the X-axis direction. Then, the workpiece W is driven by the rotary spindle motor to rotate about the axis Aw. In the present embodiment, the case where the workpiece W is a rotating body will be described as an example, but it is also possible to perform machining using the annular tool 50 on a workpiece that is not a rotating body.

The workpiece feeding device 20 feeds the workpiece W in the X-axis direction. The workpiece feeding device 20 includes a feeding base 21 and an X-axis driving device (not shown). The feed table 21 is provided so as to be movable on the upper surface of the bed 2 in the X-axis direction. Specifically, a pair of X-axis guide rails 23 extending in the X-axis direction are provided on the upper surface of the bed 2, and the feed base 21 moves in the X-axis direction while being guided by the X-axis guide rails 23. By being driven by the axis drive device, the bed 2 moves in the X axis direction (the axis Aw direction of the workpiece W) with respect to the bed 2. A headstock 11 and a tailstock 12 are installed on the upper surface of the feed base 21. The workpiece W supported by the headstock 11 and the tailstock 12 is fed in the direction of the axis Aw of the workpiece W by the feed base 21 moving in the X-axis direction.

The tool holding device 30 holds the annular tool 50 rotatably. The tool holding device 30 includes a column 31, a Z-axis driving device (not shown), a saddle 33, a Y-axis driving device (not shown), a tool spindle 35, and a tool spindle motor (not shown).

The column 31 is provided movably in the Z-axis direction on the upper surface of the bed 2. A pair of Z-axis guide rails 37 extending in the Z-axis direction are provided on the upper surface of the bed 2. The column 31 is installed so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction while being guided by the Z-axis guide rail 37, and is moved by the Z-axis drive device in the Z-axis direction with respect to the bed 2.

The saddle 33 is provided so that the side surface of the column 31 can move in the Y-axis direction. A pair of Y-axis guide rails 38 extending in the Y-axis direction (vertical direction) is provided on the side surface of the column 31. The saddle 33 is arranged so as to be movable in the Y-axis direction while being guided by the Y-axis guide rail 38, and is moved in the Y-axis direction with respect to the column 31 by being driven by the Y-axis drive device.

The tool spindle 35 is rotatably supported by the saddle 33 around an axis parallel to the Z-axis direction, and is rotated by being driven by a tool spindle motor housed inside the saddle 33. An annular tool 50 is detachably attached to the tip of the tool spindle 35. The ring-shaped tool 50 is rotatably held by the tool holding device 30, and moves parallel to the bed 2 in the Z-axis direction and the Y-axis direction (direction orthogonal to the feed direction) with the movement of the column 31 and the saddle 33. ..

(4. Method of processing workpiece W using annular tool 50)
Next, a method of processing the workpiece W using the annular tool 50 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the tool holding device 30 is arranged such that the axis line At of the annular tool 50 is orthogonal to the feed direction (X-axis direction) of the annular tool 50 with respect to the workpiece W. That is, the processing apparatus 1 arranges the annular tool 50 so that the clearance angle formed by the grindstone clearance surface 60a with respect to the virtual plane V is 0 degree.

Then, the processing apparatus 1 rotates the annular tool 50 around the axis At while rotating the workpiece W around the axis Aw and feeds the workpiece W in the X-axis direction. As a result, the annular tool 50 moves in parallel while rotating around the axis At while the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 are in contact with the workpiece W.

In addition, the processing apparatus 1 makes the cutting edge 53 contact the workpiece W before the grindstone 60 when starting the processing using the annular tool 50. Then, the processing device 1 positions the grindstone flank 60a with respect to the workpiece W in a state where the cutting edge 53 is in contact with the workpiece W. Accordingly, the processing device 1 can accurately position the annular tool 50.

Further, in the annular tool 50, the clearance angle by the grindstone clearance surface 60a is set to 0 degree. Therefore, in this case, the annular tool 50 can avoid increasing the rake angle by the outer peripheral surface 53a of the cutting edge 53 due to the contact between the workpiece W and the grindstone flank 60a, and at the same time, the grindstone flank with respect to the workpiece W. It is possible to prevent the excessive contact of 60a.

Then, the processing device 1 can suppress transfer of the runout of the annular tool 50 to the processing surface by performing the processing in a state where the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank 53b and the grindstone flank 60a is set to 0 degree. .. That is, the runout of the annular tool 50 during machining occurs in the direction orthogonal to the axis line At of the annular tool 50. Therefore, an angle formed by the axis line At of the annular tool 50 with respect to a virtual plane V that is a plane including a contact point (machining portion) where the cutting edge 54 contacts the workpiece W and is orthogonal to the axis line At of the annular tool 50. The further away from 90 degrees, the more easily the runout of the annular tool 50 is transferred to the machined surface, and the pattern is more likely to be generated on the machined surface after cutting.

On the other hand, the processing apparatus 1 performs processing by the annular tool 50 in a state in which the axis line At of the annular tool 50 is orthogonal to the virtual plane V, so that a pattern is generated on the processed surface after cutting. Can be suppressed.

As shown in FIG. 4, the annular tool 50 processes the workpiece W while bringing both the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone flank 60 a into contact with the workpiece W. That is, in the processing of the workpiece W using the annular tool 50, the processing device 1 cuts the workpiece W with the cutting edge 53 and cuts the processed surface of the workpiece W cut with the cutting edge 53 into a grinding wheel flank surface. Grind with 60a.

In this case, even if a pattern is generated on the machined surface cut by the cutting edge 53, the annular tool 50 grinds the machined surface with the grindstone flank 60a to form a pattern on the machined surface after machining. Can be reduced. In other words, the processing device 1 can perform the cutting processing by the cutting edge 53 and the grinding processing as the finishing processing by the grindstone 60 at the same time by performing the processing using the annular tool 50. Therefore, the processing apparatus 1 does not need to separately perform the finishing process on the workpiece after the cutting process, so that the working man-hour can be suppressed.

Further, in the annular tool 50, the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 rotate integrally with the rotary shaft main body 52, so that the processing device 1 brings both the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone flank 60a into contact with the workpiece W. By rotating the rotary shaft main body 52 in this state, the workpiece W can be simultaneously cut by the cutting edge 53 and ground by the grindstone flank 60a. That is, the processing apparatus 1 can rotate both the cutting edge 53 and the grindstone 60 with one rotation drive source (tool spindle motor). Therefore, the processing device 1 does not need to separately provide a drive source for rotating the cutting edge 53 and a drive source for rotating the grindstone 60 when performing the cutting process and the grinding process at the same time. It is possible to prevent the structure of 1 from becoming complicated.

Further, the processing device 1 corrects the cutting edge 53 or the grindstone 60 by correcting the cutting edge 53 or the grindstone flank 60a when the cutting edge 53 of the annular tool 50 or the grindstone flank 60a is worn. Can be good. Further, the processing device 1 corrects the cutting edge 53 or the grindstone flank 60a when the cutting edge 53 or the grindstone flank 60a is worn, and uses the corrected cutting edge 53 or the grindstone flank 60a. Therefore, the work W can be favorably processed. Therefore, the annular tool 50 can improve the tool life.

Here, in the grinding process by the processing device 1 using the annular tool 50, the peripheral speed of the annular tool 50 is sufficiently smaller than the peripheral speed of the grinding wheel when a normal grinder is used. Therefore, the processing portion (contact point) of the workpiece W by the cutting edge 53 does not become as hot as the processing portion of the workpiece W by the grinding wheel when using a normal grinder. Therefore, in the grinding process by the processing device 1 using the annular tool 50, even if the coolant is not supplied to the processed portion, a problem such as grinding burn does not occur on the processed surface. In this respect, the processing apparatus 1 can improve the surface quality of the processed surface without using a coolant.

In addition to this, the processed surface immediately after being cut by the cutting edge 53 becomes softer because of the higher heat than in the non-processed state, and is in a state suitable as a grinding processing condition by the grindstone 60. That is, the processing apparatus 1 can perform grinding with the grindstone 60 on the processed surface in a state suitable as the grinding processing condition. Therefore, the processing apparatus 1 can make the pattern sufficiently inconspicuous by the grinding process by the grindstone 60 even when the pattern is generated on the processed surface after the cutting process by the cutting edge 53.

(5. Modification of annular tool)
Next, a modified example of the annular tool will be described with reference to FIGS. 5A to 8. For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank 53b is 0 degree has been described, but the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank 53b may be an angle exceeding 0 degree. Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the clearance angle by the grindstone flank 60a is 0 degree has been described, but the clearance angle by the grindstone flank 60a may be an angle exceeding 0 degree. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the grindstone 60 has been described as an example in which the thickness dimension of the annular tool 50 in the axis At direction is constant, but the thickness dimension of the grindstone 60 may not be constant. ..

(5-1: first modified example)
First, with reference to FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, an annular tool 150 that is a first modification will be described. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, in the annular tool 150, the clearance angle by the cutting edge clearance surface 153b is an angle exceeding 0 degree, while the clearance angle by the grindstone clearance surface 60a is 0 degree. The outer peripheral edge 60b of the grindstone 60 is arranged at a position distant inward in the radial direction with respect to the cutting edge 54 of the cutting edge 153. In FIG. 5B, the grindstone 60 is hatched to make the drawing easier to see.

Accordingly, the annular tool 150 is provided with the groove portion 170 formed by the cutting edge flank 153b and the outer peripheral edge 60b of the grindstone 60. The groove 170 is an annular recess continuously provided in the circumferential direction. As a result, the annular tool 150 can store the welded substance C that is welded to the cutting edge 53 during cutting in the groove portion 170. In FIG. 5A, the weld deposit C attached to the cutting edge 153 is schematically shown by a broken line. The weld deposit C serves as a protective film that suppresses the transfer of cutting heat generated during cutting to the cutting edge 153, and the cutting edge 153 performs the cutting process with the weld deposit C welded. As a result, the wear of the cutting edge 53 can be suppressed.

That is, in the annular tool 150, by providing the groove portion 170, it is possible to suppress the contact of the weld deposit C with the processed surface while ensuring the state in which the weld deposit C is welded to the cutting edge flank 153b. Therefore, the annular tool 150 can reduce the generation of patterns on the machined surface after cutting while improving the tool life.

(5-2: Second modified example)
Next, with reference to FIG. 6A and FIG. 6B, an annular tool 250 which is a second modification will be described. In the annular tool 150 of the first modified example described above, the groove portion 170 is continuously formed in the circumferential direction, whereas in the annular tool 250 of the second modified example, the groove portion 270 is intermittently formed in the circumferential direction. It In FIG. 6B, the grindstone 60 is hatched to make the drawing easier to see.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, in the cutting edge 253, the cutting edge flank 253b has four first cutting edge flanks 253b1 having a clearance angle of 0 degree and a clearance angle of 0 degree. And four second cutting edge flanks 253b2. The first cutting edge flanks 253b1 and the second cutting edge flanks 253b2 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The numbers and shapes of the first cutting edge flanks 253b1 and the second cutting edge flanks 253b2 shown in FIG. 6B are examples.

The annular tool 250 can secure the radial rigidity of the cutting edge 253 by providing the first cutting edge flank 253b1. On the other hand, the annular tool 250 can form the groove portion 270 by providing the second cutting edge flank 253b2. As a result, the annular tool 250 can suppress the contact of the weld C with the machining surface while ensuring the state in which the weld is welded to the second cutting edge flank 253b2, thus improving the tool life. The generation of patterns on the machined surface after cutting can be reduced.

(5-3: Third modified example)
Next, the annular tool 350 of the third modified example will be described with reference to FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 7, in the annular tool 350, the clearance angle by the cutting edge clearance surface 353b and the clearance angle by the grindstone clearance surface 360a are angles exceeding 0 degree. That is, in the axis At direction of the annular tool 350, the grindstone relief surface 360 a is not flush with the virtual plane V that is the plane including the cutting edge 54 of the cutting edge 353 and is orthogonal to the axis At, rather than the cutting edge 54 of the cutting edge 353. Is also arranged on the upper side shown in FIG.

Therefore, since the annular tool 350 can reduce the frequency of contact between the processed surface of the workpiece W and the grindstone flank 360a, wear of the grindstone flank 360a can be suppressed. As a result, the annular tool 350 can improve the tool life. Note that the annular tool 350 brings the grindstone flank 360a into contact with the portion formed on the machined surface after cutting even when the clearance angle by the grindstone flank 360a is set to an angle exceeding 0. be able to. Therefore, the annular tool 350 can reduce the pattern formed on the processed surface after the cutting processing by the grinding processing by the grindstone flank surface 360a.

Further, the annular tool 350 is set such that the clearance angle of the cutting edge flank 353b exceeds 0 degree. Therefore, in the annular tool 350, the grindstone flank 360a can be more easily brought into contact with the portion formed on the machined surface after cutting, as compared with the case where the clearance angle by the cutting edge flank 353b is 0 degree or less. .. Further, the annular tool 350 can prevent the rake angle of the outer peripheral surface 53a of the cutting edge 53 from increasing due to the contact between the workpiece W and the grindstone flank 360a, and the grindstone flank 360a can be removed from the workpiece W. It is possible to prevent excessive contact.

(5-4: Fourth modified example)
Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the annular tool 450 of the fourth modified example will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, in the annular tool 450, the thickness dimension of the grindstone 460 in the axis At direction of the annular tool 50 is not uniform. Specifically, the thickness dimension of the whetstone 460 in the radially outer portion 461 of the whetstone 460 is larger than the portion located inside the thickness dimension of the radially inner portion 462.

That is, since the radially outer portion 461 is arranged at a position close to the cutting edge 53, it tends to be worn earlier than the radially inner portion 462. Therefore, in the annular tool 450, the tool life can be improved by making the thickness dimension of the radially outer portion 461 of the grindstone 460 larger than that of the radially inner portion 462.

Further, in the grindstone 460, the grindstone flank 460a formed on the radially outer portion 461 is closer to the cutting edge 54 in the axis At direction of the annular tool 450 than the grindstone flank 460a formed on the radially inner portion 462. Placed in position. Therefore, the grindstone 460 can easily make the grindstone flank 460a contact the processed surface of the workpiece W. In this modification, the grindstone 460 may have an annular shape having only the radially outer portion 461.

50, 150, 250, 350, 450: annular tool, 52: rotary shaft body, 53, 153, 253, 353: cutting edge, 53a: outer peripheral surface of cutting edge, 53b, 153b, 253b, 353b: cutting edge flank , 54: blade edge, 60, 360, 460: grindstone, 60a, 360a: grindstone flank, 60b: outer edge of grindstone, 170, 270: groove part, 460: grindstone, Aw: axis of rotary shaft main body, W: workpiece

Claims (16)

With the rotating shaft body,
An annular cutting edge disposed on the outer peripheral side of the rotary shaft main body and at an axial end portion, rotated with the rotation of the rotary shaft main body, and having an outer peripheral surface as a rake face.
A workpiece cut by the cutting edge is provided at the axial end of the rotary shaft main body, rotates with the rotation of the rotary shaft main body, and includes a grindstone flank that constitutes at least a part of the flank, and is cut by the cutting edge. With a grindstone that can grind the processed surface of
An annular tool equipped with. The annular tool according to claim 1, wherein the rotary shaft body and the cutting edge are made of the same material. The annular tool according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the clearance angle by the grindstone clearance surface is 0 degree or more. The annular tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grindstone clearance surface is formed in a plane shape orthogonal to a rotation axis of the rotation shaft main body. The said grindstone is an annular tool as described in any one of Claims 1-4 arrange|positioned with respect to the cutting edge of the said cutting edge in the position left|separated to the radial inside. The cutting edge includes a cutting edge flank forming another part of the flank,
The annular tool according to claim 5, wherein the cutting edge flank and the outer peripheral edge of the grindstone form a continuous or intermittent groove in the circumferential direction. The annular tool according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the whetstone flank is modifiable. The cutting edge is modifiable,
The annular tool according to claim 7, wherein the whetstone flank can be modified according to the modification of the cutting edge. The annular tool according to claim 7, wherein the grindstone has a constant thickness dimension in the rotation axis direction. A tool holding device for rotatably holding the annular tool according to claim 1.
A work holding device for holding the work,
A processing device including. The processing device according to claim 10, wherein the workpiece holding device holds the workpiece rotatably. A method for machining the workpiece with the annular tool while rotating the annular tool according to claim 1.
The cutting edge cuts the workpiece,
The grinding wheel is a processing method in which the processing surface of the workpiece cut by the cutting edge is ground. The machining method according to claim 12, wherein the annular tool performs machining of the workpiece with the clearance angle of the flank of the grindstone set to 0 degree. The machining method according to claim 12, wherein the annular tool performs machining on the workpiece without supplying a coolant. The processing method according to claim 12, wherein when the grindstone is worn, the grindstone is corrected, and the corrected grindstone is used to process the workpiece. The positioning of the grindstone with respect to the workpiece is performed in a state where the cutting edge is in contact with the workpiece when the machining of the workpiece by the annular tool is started. The processing method described in.

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