JP2020118589A - Encoder and motor with encoder - Google Patents

Abstract

To suppress a change in sensitivity of a magnetic sensitive element by pressure applied from a dustproof member to a substrate and suppress an increase in the size of an encoder.SOLUTION: An encoder 10 includes: a magnet 16 which integrally rotates with a rotation axis 2; a substrate 60 on which a magnetic sensitive element 17 and a connector 18 are mounted; an encoder cover 12 which covers the substrate 60 from a side opposite to the magnet 16; and a dustproof member 126 which is arranged between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60. The substrate 60 includes an exposed section 61A extending from an opening 123 of the encoder cover 12 to outside, and the connector 18 is arranged at the exposed section 61A. The dustproof member 126 is arranged at the opening 123 side with respect to the center of a first magnetic sensitive element 171 arranged at the center of the substrate 60 and linearly extends along an edge of the opening 123. The dustproof member 126 is an insulating porous body and is preferably a semi-open and semi-closed cell body.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

The present invention relates to an encoder provided with a substrate on which a magnetic sensing element is mounted and a motor with an encoder.

Patent Document 1 discloses an encoder that detects the rotation of a rotor. The encoder of Patent Document 1 includes a magnetic sensing element (magnetic sensor) mounted on a substrate and a magnet that rotates integrally with an output shaft of a motor. The substrate is supported by a holder fixed to the motor case. The substrate on which the magnetic sensing element is mounted is covered with an encoder cover (cover member). The encoder cover is fixed to the inner surface of the encoder case.

In Patent Document 1, an elastically deformable dustproof member is arranged inside the encoder cover. The dustproof member is compressed between the encoder cover and the substrate and pressed against the substrate. By covering the substrate with the dustproof member, the movement of the conductive foreign matter attached to the substrate and the attachment of new foreign matter are suppressed, so that the circuit on the substrate can be prevented from being short-circuited by the conductive foreign matter.

JP, 2016-3888, A

In Patent Document 1, the dustproof member covers the entire substrate. For this reason, pressure is applied from the dustproof member to the entire substrate, and there is concern that the electronic components on the substrate may be affected. In particular, the influence on the performance of high-performance electronic components cannot be ignored, and the influence of the change in resistance value due to the stress applied to the substrate cannot be ignored even in the magnetic sensitive element. Therefore, there is a possibility that accurate detection may not be possible due to a change in sensitivity of the magnetic sensing element.

Also, if the entire board is covered with the encoder cover, the connectors on the board will also be covered with the encoder cover, so the height of the encoder cover must be larger than the connector, and a gap is created between the encoder cover and the connector. necessary. Therefore, there is a problem that the encoder becomes large.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an encoder including an encoder cover for covering a substrate and a dustproof member, which suppresses a change in sensitivity of the magnetic sensitive element due to pressure applied from the dustproof member to the substrate, and an encoder. To suppress the increase in size.

In order to solve the above problems, a motor of the present invention includes a magnet that rotates integrally with a rotating shaft, a magnetic sensitive element that faces the magnet, a substrate on which the magnetic sensitive element and a connector are mounted, and the magnet. An encoder cover that covers the substrate from the side opposite to and a dustproof member that is arranged between the encoder cover and the substrate, wherein the substrate is an opening of the cover when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet. An exposed portion extending from the encoder cover to the outside of the encoder cover, and an accommodating portion covered by the encoder cover, wherein the connector is disposed in the exposed portion, and at least one of the magnetic sensing elements disposed in the accommodating portion. Among the elements, when the magnetic sensing element closest to the connector side is the first magnetic sensing element, the dustproof member is arranged on the opening side with respect to the center of the first magnetic sensing element, The opening is closed by being compressed between the encoder cover and the substrate.

In the present invention, as described above, the encoder cover that covers the substrate on which the magnetic sensing element is mounted is provided with the opening portion, and the connector is arranged on the portion (exposed portion) of the substrate that extends from the opening portion to the outside of the encoder cover. To be done. Therefore, it is not necessary to create an unnecessary gap between the encoder cover and the connector, and the height of the encoder cover can be made lower than that of the connector. Therefore, the encoder cover can be prevented from increasing in size. it can. Further, since the dustproof member for closing the opening is provided, it is possible to suppress the foreign matter from moving onto the substrate. Furthermore, since the dustproof member is arranged closer to the opening side than the center of the magnetic sensing element located closest to the connector side, even though the dustproof member can be used in a small amount, foreign matter can be prevented from entering the board. Can be effectively suppressed. Further, since the stress from the dustproof member is not applied to the entire area where the magnetic sensing element is arranged, it is possible to suppress the change in sensitivity due to the stress applied to the substrate and suppress the decrease in detection accuracy.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the opening includes a linear portion that is linear when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet, and the dust-proof member has a shape along the linear portion. By doing so, the shape of the dustproof member can be simplified, so that the material can be taken as a good component, the material cost can be reduced, and the manufacturing is easy. Further, since the positioning to the opening is easy, the work of attaching the dustproof member is easy.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the linear portion extends along the longitudinal direction of the connector. Thus, by arranging the connector so that the longitudinal direction of the connector is along the opening, it is not necessary to cause the substrate to largely project outside the opening. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the increase in the size of the substrate and the increase in the size of the encoder.

In the present invention, the magnet includes a first magnet in which one N pole and one S pole are circumferentially magnetized, and a second magnet in which a plurality of N and S poles are alternately magnetized circumferentially. The magnetic sensing element includes the first magnetic sensing element facing the first magnet and a second magnetic sensing element facing the second magnet, and the second magnetic sensing element includes the magnet. When viewed from the opposite side, it is preferably located so as not to overlap the dustproof member. In this way, by disposing the magnetic sensitive element that detects the magnetic fields of the magnetized magnets away from the dustproof member, it is possible to suppress the influence of stress on the magnetic sensitive element that is sensitive to sensitivity changes due to stress. Therefore, a decrease in detection accuracy can be suppressed.

In the present invention, the dustproof member is preferably a porous body. In this way, it is likely to be deformed by contact with the substrate and electronic components. Therefore, the movement of the foreign matter can be suppressed while suppressing the influence of the stress on the magnetic sensing element. Moreover, if the porous body is elastically deformable, a desired shape can be obtained by a simple punching process. Further, the opening can be closed even if the shape accuracy is low. Therefore, the dustproof member can be manufactured at low cost.

In the present invention, the dustproof member is preferably a semi-independent semi-open cell body. Since the semi-closed semi-closed cell body is softer than the closed cell body, it is more easily deformed than the closed cell body by coming into contact with the substrate or the electronic component. Therefore, the movement of the foreign matter can be suppressed while suppressing the influence of the stress on the magnetic sensing element.

Next, a motor with an encoder of the present invention is characterized by including the above encoder and a motor including the rotary shaft.

According to the present invention, the encoder cover that covers the substrate on which the magnetic sensing element is mounted has the opening, and the connector is arranged on the portion (exposed portion) of the substrate that extends from the opening to the outside of the encoder cover. .. Therefore, it is not necessary to create an unnecessary gap between the encoder cover and the connector, and the height of the encoder cover can be made lower than that of the connector. Therefore, the encoder cover can be prevented from increasing in size. it can. Further, since the dustproof member for closing the opening is provided, it is possible to suppress the movement of foreign matter from the opening onto the substrate. Further, since the dustproof member is arranged closer to the opening side than the center of the magnetic sensing element located closest to the connector side, foreign matter can be prevented from entering through the opening though the dustproof member can be used in a small amount. Can be effectively suppressed. Further, since the stress from the dustproof member is not applied to the entire area where the magnetic sensing element is arranged, it is possible to suppress the change in sensitivity due to the stress applied to the substrate and suppress the decrease in detection accuracy.

It is an appearance perspective view of a motor with an encoder provided with an encoder to which the present invention is applied. It is sectional drawing (AA sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of an encoder, a 1st bearing holder, and a rotating shaft, and its partial enlarged view. It is sectional drawing (BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of an encoder, a 1st bearing holder, and a rotating shaft. It is an exploded perspective view which looked at an encoder, the 1st bearing holder, and a rotating shaft from the counter output side. It is an exploded perspective view which looked at an encoder, the 1st bearing holder, and a rotating shaft from the output side. It is a perspective view of the encoder and the 1st bearing holder which removed the encoder case. It is explanatory drawing of the fixing structure of an encoder cover, and the arrangement|positioning area|region of a dustproof member. It is an exploded perspective view which looked at a circuit board group from the counter output side. It is an exploded perspective view which looked at a circuit board set from the output side.

Embodiments of an encoder and a motor with an encoder to which the present invention is applied will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a motor 1 with an encoder including an encoder 10 to which the present invention is applied. 2 is a cross-sectional view (A-A cross-sectional view of FIG. 1) of the encoder 10, the first bearing holder 42A, and the rotary shaft 2 and a partially enlarged view thereof, and FIG. 3 is an encoder 10, the first bearing holder 42A, and It is sectional drawing (BB sectional drawing of FIG. 1) of the rotating shaft 2. 4 and 5 are exploded perspective views of the encoder 10, the first bearing holder 42A, and the rotary shaft 2, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view seen from the opposite output side L2, and FIG. 3 is seen from the output side L1. FIG.

The encoder-equipped motor 1 includes a motor 3 having a rotating shaft 2 and an encoder 10 for detecting rotation of the rotating shaft 2. In this specification, the three directions of XYZ are directions orthogonal to each other, and one side of these three directions is X1, Y1, Z1 and the other side is X2, Y2, Z2, respectively. The Z direction is parallel to the central axis L of the rotating shaft 2, and the X and Y directions are orthogonal to the central axis L.

(motor)
The motor 3 includes a motor case 4 that houses a rotor and a stator (not shown). The rotor rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 2, and the stator is fixed to the motor case 4. A driven member is connected to an end of the rotary shaft 2 that projects from the motor case 4 to the outside. In this specification, the direction in which the rotary shaft 2 projects from the motor case 4 is referred to as the output side L1, and the side opposite to the output side L1 is referred to as the counter output side L2. The encoder 10 is fixed to the end of the motor 3 on the opposite output side L2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the motor case 4 includes a tubular case 41 extending in the direction of the central axis L, a first bearing holder 42A fixed to an end of the tubular case 41 on the opposite output side L2, and a tubular case. A second bearing holder (not shown) fixed to the end of the output side L1 of 41 is provided. The encoder 10 is fixed to the first bearing holder 42A from the counter output side L2. As shown in FIG. 4, the first bearing holder 42</b>A has a circular recess 44 that is recessed toward the output side L<b>1, a flange 45 that expands to the outer peripheral side of the circular recess 44, and projects toward the opposite output side L<b>2 along the edge of the circular recess 44. And an annular wall 46.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the bearing 43 is held at the center of the bottom of the circular recess 44. The bearing 43 rotatably supports the end of the rotary shaft 2 on the opposite output side L2. An annular plate 47 is attached to the bottom of the circular recess 44 so as to press the outer peripheral portion of the bearing 43 from the opposite output side L2. The rotary shaft 2 is passed through a through hole 48 provided at the center of the plate 47 and supported by the bearing 43. The plate 47 is fixed to the bottom of the circular recess 44 with three screws.

In this embodiment, the plate 47 is made of a magnetic material and shields magnetic noise from the motor 3 side to the encoder 10 side. Notches 471 are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the plate 47 at three locations at equal angular intervals. The leg portion 150 of the encoder holder 14, which will be described later, is disposed in the notch 471.

(Encoder)
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the encoder 10 includes an encoder case 11 fixed to the first bearing holder 42</b>A, an encoder cover 12 arranged inside the encoder case 11, and an encoder cover 12 arranged inside the encoder cover 12. The circuit board set 13, the encoder holder 14 to which the circuit board set 13 is fixed, the magnet assembly 15 arranged on the inner peripheral side of the encoder holder 14, and the encoder case 11 and the encoder cover 12. A cable guide member 20 is provided.

The magnet assembly 15 includes a magnet 16 arranged on the surface on the opposite output side L2 and is fixed to the tip of the opposite output side L2 of the rotating shaft 2. Therefore, the magnet 16 rotates integrally with the rotating shaft 2. The circuit board set 13 includes a board holder 50 and a board 60 fixed to the board holder 50. The circuit board set 13 includes a magnetic sensitive element 17 facing the magnet 16 fixed to the rotary shaft 2, and the signal of the magnetic sensitive element 17 is input to the encoder circuit on the substrate 60. In this embodiment, an MR element is used as the magnetic sensing element 17.

(Encoder case)
The encoder case 11 includes a substantially rectangular end plate portion 111 when viewed in the direction of the central axis L, and a tubular side plate portion 112 that extends from the outer peripheral edge of the end plate portion 111 to the output side L1. As shown in FIG. 1, a wiring lead-out portion 113 for passing the encoder cable 5 is provided on the side surface of the side plate portion 112 facing the X1 side. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the wiring lead-out portion 113 includes a cutout portion 117 formed in the side plate portion 112, a holding member 118 attached to the cutout portion 117, a holding member 118 and the cutout portion 117. A covering encoder cable holder 119 is provided.

The encoder case 11 and the first bearing holder 42A are fixed by interposing the seal member 114 between the end surface of the output side L1 of the side plate portion 112 and the flange 45 and tightening the fixing screws at the four corners. It In this embodiment, the encoder case 11 and the motor case 4 are made of a non-magnetic material such as aluminum.

(Encoder holder)
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the encoder holder 14 includes a body portion 140 in which a circular magnet arrangement hole 141 is formed, and three leg portions 150 protruding from the body portion 140 to the outer peripheral side. As shown in FIG. 5, the end surface on the output side L1 of the leg portion 150 projects to the output side L1 more than the end surface on the output side L1 of the body portion 140. The leg 150 is arranged inside the circular recess 44 of the first bearing holder 42A, is arranged in a notch 471 formed in the outer peripheral edge of the plate 47, and abuts on the bottom surface of the circular recess 44. The leg portion 150 is provided with a fixing hole 147 through which the holder fixing screw 145 is inserted. The encoder holder 14 is fixed to the first bearing holder 42A by screwing the leg portion 150 to the bottom surface of the circular recess 44 with the three holder fixing screws 145. When the encoder holder 14 is fixed to the first bearing holder 42A, the rotary shaft 2 and the magnet assembly 15 are arranged in the center of the magnet arrangement hole 141.

The circuit board set 13 is fixed to the encoder holder 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the encoder holder 14 includes an annular surface 143 that is an end surface of the body portion 140 on the opposite output side L2, and includes boss portions 144 protruding from the annular surface 143 at three locations. The circuit board set 13 is screwed to the boss 144 by three board fixing screws 65. The circuit board set 13 is positioned in the central axis L direction by hitting the tip end surface of the boss 144 from the opposite output side L2. By fixing the circuit board set 13 to the encoder holder 14, the magnetic sensitive element 17 mounted on the circuit board set 13 and the magnet 16 of the magnet assembly 15 face each other with a predetermined gap.

When fixing the circuit board set 13 to the encoder holder 14, the positioning of the circuit board set 13 in the circumferential direction is performed using the positioning pins 66. As shown in FIG. 5, the circuit board set 13 includes two positioning holes 131 into which the ends of the positioning pins 66 fit. The positioning hole 131 is provided in the substrate holder 50. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, the encoder holder 14 is provided with two convex portions projecting to the opposite output side L2 from the annular surface 143, and the end portion of the positioning pin 66 is fitted into each convex portion. A positioning hole 146 is provided. The encoder holder 14 and the circuit board set 13 are fitted in the positioning hole 146 of the encoder holder 14 and the positioning hole 131 of the circuit board set 13 at one end and the other end of the two positioning pins 66, respectively, at two locations separated in the circumferential direction. Positioning in the circumferential direction by inserting. Since the positioning pin 66 is a spring pin, it is possible to prevent the rattling of the circuit board set 13 in the circumferential direction and perform positioning.

(Magnet assembly)
The magnet assembly 15 includes a magnet holder 19 and a magnet 16 held by the magnet holder 19. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, the magnet holder 19 includes a substantially disk-shaped magnet holding portion 191 and a cylindrical shaft portion 192 that projects from the center of the magnet holding portion 191 to the output side L1. The tip of the rotary shaft 2 is fixed to the shaft portion 192 by any one of press-fitting, an adhesive, a set screw, or a combination thereof. In this embodiment, a set screw is tightened in a screw hole that penetrates the shaft portion 192 in the radial direction, and the rotary shaft 2 arranged in the shaft hole that passes through the center of the shaft portion 192 is fixed from the side surface. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the magnet 16 includes a circular first magnet 161 fitted in a recess formed in the center of the magnet holding portion 191, and a step formed on the outer peripheral edge of the magnet holding portion 191. An annular second magnet 162 that fits in the section is provided. The first magnet 161 is magnetized such that one north pole and one south pole are arranged in the circumferential direction. On the other hand, the second magnet 162 has a plurality of N poles and S poles alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction.

The magnet holder 19 is made of a magnetic material. The magnet holding portion 191 includes a shield portion 193 for suppressing magnetic interference between the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162, and a yoke portion 194 located on the output side L1 of the second magnet 162 (see FIGS. 8 and 9). Equipped with. In the magnet assembly 15, the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162 are radially separated from each other, and the shield portion 193 is arranged between the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162. The shield portion 193 is an annular convex portion that projects to the opposite output side L2, and the yoke portion 194 extends annularly outward in the radial direction on the output side L1 of the second magnet 162.

(Encoder cover)
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the encoder and the first bearing holder with the encoder case removed. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a fixing structure of the encoder cover and an arrangement area of the dustproof member. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 7, the encoder cover 12 includes an end plate portion 121 facing the circuit board set 13 from a side opposite to the magnet 16 (counter output side L2) and an outer peripheral edge of the end plate portion 121. From the output side L1. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the encoder cover 12 covers the circuit board set 13 from the side opposite to the magnet 16 (counter output side L2). The side plate portion 122 surrounds the outer peripheral side of the circuit board set 13, and surrounds the outer peripheral side of the magnetic sensing element 17 mounted on the circuit board set 13. The tip of the side plate portion 122 extends to the output side L1 with respect to the circuit board set 13. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, the encoder cover 12 is positioned in the central axis L direction by the tip of the side plate 122 contacting the annular surface 143 of the encoder holder 14.

The encoder cover 12 includes an opening 123 facing the side opposite to the wiring take-out portion 113 (X2 side). The opening 123 is a notch formed by linearly cutting a part of the end plate 121 and the side plate 122 in the circumferential direction in a plane orthogonal to the radial direction. The end portion of the circuit board set 13 on the X2 side is arranged outside the encoder cover 12. Therefore, the substrate 60 includes an exposed portion 61A arranged outside the opening 123 and a housing portion 61B housed in the encoder cover 12. The circuit board set 13 includes the connector 18 arranged on the exposed portion 61</b>A of the board 60. By arranging the connector 18 outside the encoder cover 12, the height of the encoder cover 12 can be reduced, and the overall height of the encoder 10 can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 6, the opening 123 of the encoder cover 12 includes a linear portion 127 that overlaps with the circuit board set 13 when viewed from the opposite output side L2. The straight line portion 127 is an end portion of the end plate portion 121 and extends in the Y direction. The connector 18 is arranged along the central portion of the linear portion 127 with the longitudinal direction facing the Y direction. At the center of the straight line portion 127, a bent portion 128 is provided by bending the edge of the end plate portion 121 toward the X1 side. As will be described later, a cable passage 23 through which the encoder cable 5 connected to the connector 18 passes is provided between the encoder cover 12 and the encoder case 11. The cable passage 23 extends in the X direction and overlaps with the central portion of the linear portion 127 when viewed from the opposite output side L2. The bent portion 128 is provided in a range facing the cable passage 23.

The encoder cover 12 is fixed to the circuit board set 13 by a conductive fixing member 125. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the encoder cover 12 is provided with two fixing holes 124 penetrating the end plate portion 121. Further, the circuit board set 13 is provided with fixing holes 132 at two positions facing the fixing holes 124 of the encoder cover 12. The encoder cover 12 is fixed to the circuit board assembly 13 by fitting one ends of the two fixing members 125 into the fixing holes 132 and fitting the other ends into the fixing holes 124 of the encoder cover 12. The fixing holes 124 and 132 are provided at two locations that are separated from each other in the circumferential direction. The fixing member 125 is a spring pin, and the ends of the fixing member 125 are press-fitted into the fixing holes 124 and 132. By using the spring pin as the fixing member 125, the rattling of the encoder cover 12 in the circumferential direction is prevented. Therefore, the fixing member 125 can position the encoder cover 12 in the circumferential direction.

The fixing member 125 is a conductive member made of a conductive metal (for example, SUS). The fixing hole 132 is provided in the substrate 60, and one of the two places is a ground through hole 1 provided with a land electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit on the substrate 60.
33. Therefore, by fitting the fixing members 125 into the two fixing holes 132, one of the two fixing members 125 is electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit on the substrate 60.

The encoder cover 12 is made of a conductive magnetic material and functions as a shield member (first shield member). For example, the encoder cover 12 is made of iron, permalloy or the like. In this embodiment, the encoder cover 12 is formed by pressing a magnetic metal plate such as SPCC or SPCE. In this way, by covering the circuit board set 13 including the magnetic sensing element 17 with the encoder cover 12 formed of the magnetic material, the magnetic material absorbs magnetic noise such as a disturbance magnetic field and electromagnetic wave noise, and the magnetic sensing element 17 And the encoder circuit can be shielded from magnetic noise and electromagnetic noise. Further, the encoder cover 12 is electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit via one of the two fixing members 125. As described above, by covering the circuit board set 13 with the member having the signal ground potential, the magnetic sensing element 17 and the encoder circuit can be shielded from electrical noise such as frame ground noise from the motor case 4.

As will be described later, the circuit board set 13 includes a board holder 50 that covers the board 60 from the output side L1, and the board holder 50 includes a shield member 80 (second shield) so as to cover the magnetic sensing element 17. Member) is attached. The substrate holder 50 and the shield member 80 are made of a conductive metal such as aluminum and are connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit. Therefore, the magnetic sensing element 17 and the encoder circuit are shielded from electrical noise from the side of the magnet 16 as well, and thus shielded from electrical noise in all directions except the opening 123.

(Dustproof member)
As shown in FIG. 2, a dustproof member 126 that closes the opening 123 is arranged between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60. The dustproof member 126 is made of an elastic member, and is compressed between the end plate portion 121 of the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60 when the encoder cover 12 is fixed to the circuit board set 13. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, the dustproof member 126 is a linear member, and extends linearly along the edge of the opening 123. By disposing the dustproof member 126 in the opening 123, it is possible to prevent conductive foreign matter from entering the substrate 60.

As shown in FIG. 6, the dustproof member 126 extends in the Y direction along the linear portion 127 of the opening 123. As shown in FIG. 5, the dustproof member 126 is a rectangular parallelepiped member having a constant width in the X direction and a constant height in the Z direction. As shown in FIG. 7, the arrangement area C of the dustproof member 126 is closer to the opening 123 side (X2 side) than the center of the substrate 60. As will be described later, the magnetic sensitive element 17 includes a first magnetic sensitive element 171 mounted at the center of the substrate 60 and a second magnetic sensitive element 172 arranged at the edge of the substrate holder 50 on the X1 side. Of the two magnetic sensitive elements, the magnetic sensitive element arranged closest to the connector 18 side is the first magnetic sensitive element 171, and the dustproof member 126 has the opening 123 side with respect to the center of the first magnetic sensitive element 171 ( Located on the X2 side). The second magnetic sensing element 172 is arranged at the end portion on the side opposite to the side where the dustproof member 126 is arranged with respect to the center of the substrate 60, and at a position where it does not overlap the dustproof member 126 when viewed from the opposite output side L2. It is arranged.

The dustproof member 126 is an insulating porous body. For example, the dustproof member 126 is a foam made of an insulating material such as rubber or urethane. In the present embodiment, the dustproof member 126 is a semi-independent semi-open cell and is made of EPDM (ethylene/propylene/diene rubber). As described above, since the dustproof member 126 is a sponge-like soft elastic member, the dustproof member 126 is deformed into a shape in which it is in close contact with both members between the substrate 60 and the encoder cover 12, and closes the opening 123. The shape of the dustproof member 126 before assembly is larger than the gap between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60, and is compressed by assembling.

Instead of using a porous body as the dustproof member 126, an insulating filler may be injected into the gap between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60 to close the gap. For example, a silicone rubber-based elastic adhesive that cures at room temperature can be used as the filler.

(Cable guide member)
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 5, two cable guide members 20 having the same shape are arranged between the encoder case 11 and the encoder cover 12. The cable guide member 20 includes a guide surface 21 that is parallel to the XZ plane, and an arc surface 22 that faces the side opposite to the guide surface 21. The two cable guide members 20 are fixed to the encoder case 11 such that the arcuate surfaces 22 are located on the same circle and the guide surfaces 21 face each other in the Y direction. The end plate portion 111 of the encoder case 11 is provided with a positioning portion for positioning the two cable guide members 20 in the arrangement shown in FIGS. 2 and 3.

As shown in FIG. 3, the encoder case 11 includes an arc-shaped rib 115 that projects from the end plate portion 111 to the output side L1, and a convex portion 116 that is provided on the inner peripheral side of the rib 115. The rib 115 and the convex portion 116 are positioning portions for positioning the cable guide member 20. The rib 115 contacts the circular arc surface 22 of the cable guide member 20, and the convex portion 116 is arranged in the positioning hole 24 penetrating the cable guide member 20. The cable guide member 20 is fixed to the end plate portion 111 with an adhesive, for example.

The cable guide member 20 is made of an elastic member and is compressed between the end plate portion 121 of the encoder cover 12 and the end plate portion 111 of the encoder case 11. The cable guide member 20 is an insulating porous body like the dustproof member 126. In the present embodiment, the dustproof member 126 is a closed cell body and is made of a microcell polymer sheet. The encoder cover 12 is pressed against the encoder holder 14 by the elastic return force of the cable guide member 20. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the risk of the encoder cover 12 coming off the circuit board assembly 13 due to vibration or the like.

The space between the two cable guide members 20 serves as a cable passage 23 extending in the X direction. As shown in FIG. 4, in the circuit board set 13, the connector 18 is arranged at the end opposite to the wiring take-out portion 113 (the end on the X2 side) with the center of the board 60 interposed therebetween. 181 faces the side opposite to the wiring take-out portion 113 (X2 side). The cable-side connector 6 provided at the tip of the encoder cable 5 is connected to the insertion port 181 of the connector 18 from the side opposite to the wiring take-out portion 113. The encoder cable 5 is pulled out from the connector 18 to the X2 side, bent at the X2 side of the connector 18 so as to be folded back to the X1 side, and is routed to the wiring takeout portion 113 through the cable passage 23. Therefore, the encoder cable 5 is pulled out from the connector 18 to the side opposite to the wiring take-out portion 113 and folded back to the wiring take-out portion 113 side, and the cable take-out portion 113 side is provided along the cable guide member 20. A second portion 5B that linearly extends to is provided.

As described above, the opening portion 123 of the encoder cover 12 is provided with the bent portion 128 in the range facing the cable passage 23. Therefore, the encoder cable 5 does not come into contact with the edge of the end plate portion 121 but comes into contact with the bent portion 128, so that the encoder cable 5 is less likely to be damaged.

(Circuit board assembly)
8 is an exploded perspective view of the circuit board set 13 as viewed from the opposite output side L2, and FIG. 9 is an exploded perspective view of the circuit board set 13 as viewed from the output side L1. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the circuit board set 13 includes a board holder 50, a board 60 that contacts the board holder 50 from the opposite output side L2, and a conductive material that fixes the board 60 to the board holder 50. And a shield member 80 fixed to the substrate holder 50 from the output side L1. The board 60 is substantially circular when viewed in the direction of the central axis L, and the connector 18 is mounted on the edge on the X2 side. The connector 18 is arranged along a straight line portion 61 in which the edge of the substrate 60 is linearly cut out. The substrate holder 50 has substantially the same shape as the substrate 60 when viewed in the central axis L direction, and the substrate 60 and the substrate holder 50 are in contact with each other in the central axis L direction.

Fixing holes 62 for fixing to the substrate holder 50 are formed in the substrate 60 at two locations. The two fixing holes 62 are arranged on opposite sides of the center of the substrate holder 50. Further, one of the two fixing holes 62 is a ground through hole 621 that is electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit mounted on the substrate 60. Either of the two fixing holes 62 may be the ground through hole 621. Further, the fixing holes 62 may be provided at three or more places, and the substrate 60 and the substrate holder 50 may be fixed at the three places.

The substrate holder 50 includes a flat portion 53 that faces the substrate 60, and an edge portion 54 that rises from the outer peripheral edge of the flat portion 53 to the opposite output side L2. Fixed holes 51 are formed in the flat portion 53 at two locations facing the fixed holes 62 of the substrate 60. The substrate 60 is fixed to the substrate holder 50 by fitting one end and the other end of the fixing member 70 into the fixing hole 62 of the substrate 60 and the fixing hole 51 of the substrate holder 50, respectively. The fixing member 70 is a spring pin. By using the spring pin as the fixing member 70, rattling of the substrate 60 with respect to the substrate holder 50 is prevented. Further, as described above, the fixing member 70 is a conductive member formed of a conductive metal, for example, SUS, and one of the fixing holes 62 is the ground through hole 621. When the substrate 60 is attached to the substrate holder 50, the substrate holder 50 is electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit mounted on the substrate 60 via the fixing member 70 and the ground through hole 621. The fixing member 70 may be fixed to the fixing hole 62 by soldering.

The board holder 50 is formed with boss portions 52 for passing the board fixing screws 65 at three locations corresponding to the boss portions 144 of the encoder holder 14. In the present embodiment, the tip end surface of the boss portion 52 on the opposite output side L2 is the contact surface that contacts the substrate 60. Further, the end surface on the output side L1 of the boss portion 52 is a contact surface that contacts the encoder holder 14.

Fixing holes 63 are formed in the substrate 60 at three locations facing the boss portion 52. In the circuit board set 13, the three board fixing screws 65 are respectively passed through the fixing holes 63 of the board 60 and the boss portion 52 of the board holder 50, and the tips thereof are screwed to the boss portion 144 of the encoder holder 14, It is fixed to the encoder holder 14. The encoder holder 14 is made of an insulating material such as resin. Therefore, when the circuit board set 13 is fixed to the first bearing holder 42A via the encoder holder 14, the board holder 50 is insulated from the first bearing holder 42A.

The substrate 60 includes a non-output side substrate surface 60a facing the non-output side L2 and an output side substrate surface 60b facing the output side L1. On the non-output side substrate surface 60a, circuit elements forming an encoder circuit, a connector 18 for connecting the encoder cable 5, a connection terminal 173, and the like are mounted. The connection terminals 173 are arranged on the outer peripheral edge of the substrate 60, and are arranged on the opposite side of the connector 18 with the center of the substrate 60 interposed therebetween. A notch 64 is formed on the outer peripheral edge of the substrate 60 on the radially outer side of the connection terminal 173. As shown in FIG. 9, the magnetic sensing element 17 includes a first magnetic sensing element 171 arranged at the center of the output side substrate surface 60b and a second magnetic sensing element 17 connected to the connection terminal 173 via the flexible wiring board 174. A magnetic element 172 is provided. The flexible wiring board 174 passes through the cutout portion 64 of the board 60 and is routed to the output side L1 of the board 60. Each of the first magnetic sensing element 171 and the second magnetic sensing element 172 includes a ground terminal (not shown) connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit formed on the substrate 60. Further, two Hall elements 175 are mounted on the output side substrate surface 60b in the vicinity of the first magnetic sensing element 171. The two Hall elements 175 are arranged at angular positions separated by 90 degrees with respect to the position of the magnetic sensing element 17.

A circular through hole 56 is formed in the center of the flat surface portion 53 of the substrate holder 50. In addition, a step portion 57 that projects toward the output side L1 is formed on the output side L1 surface of the flat surface portion 53. The step portion 57 extends in a band shape from the region surrounding the through hole 56 toward the outer peripheral edge of the flat surface portion 53. A substantially rectangular through hole 58 is formed in the step portion 57. When the substrate 60 is fixed to the substrate holder 50, the first magnetic sensing element 171 and the Hall element 175 are arranged in the through hole 56. Further, in the through hole 58, a second magnetic sensitive element 172 connected to the connection terminal 173 on the substrate 60 via the flexible wiring substrate 174 is arranged. The second magnetic sensing element 172 is fixed to the edge of the through hole 58 and mounted on the substrate holder 50.

When the circuit board set 13 is fixed to the encoder holder 14, the first magnetic sensing element 171 and the first magnet 161 face each other, and the second magnetic sensing element 172 and the second magnet 162, as shown in FIGS. Face each other. The encoder 10 has a predetermined gap between the surface of the output side L1 of the first magnetic sensing element and the first magnet 161, and between the surface of the output side L1 of the second magnetic sensing element 172 and the second magnet 162. Assembled to be formed.

The first magnetic sensitive element 171 and the two Hall elements 175 arranged in the vicinity thereof and the first magnet 161 determine the output cycle of the first magnetic sensitive element 171 obtained by one rotation by the two Hall elements 175. By doing so, it functions as an absolute encoder. On the other hand, the second magnetic sensing element 172 and the second magnet 162 function as an incremental encoder because an output of a plurality of cycles can be obtained by one rotation. The encoder 10 can perform high-resolution and high-accuracy position detection by processing the outputs of these two sets of encoders.

(Shield member)
The shield member 80 is attached to the step portion 57 of the substrate holder 50 from the output side L1. The shield member 80 is a flexible sheet material, and has a size that completely closes the through holes 56 and the through holes 58 formed in the step portion 57. The step portion 57 has a shield mounting surface 59 facing the output side L1, and the shield member 80 is fixed to the shield mounting surface 59 via a conductive adhesive. As described above, the shield member 80 is formed of a conductive non-magnetic metal, such as aluminum, like the substrate holder 50. Therefore, the shield member 80 is electrically connected to the signal ground of the encoder circuit mounted on the substrate 60 via the substrate holder 50.

The shield member 80 covers the first magnetic sensing element 171 arranged in the through hole 56 and the second magnetic sensing element 172 arranged in the through hole 58. Therefore, the first magnetic sensitive element 171 and the second magnetic sensitive element 172 face the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162 via the shield member 80. By attaching the shield member 80 to the substrate holder 50, the first magnetic sensitive element 171 and the second magnetic sensitive element 172 are shielded from the motor 3 by the members having the signal ground potential (the substrate holder 50 and the shield member 80). Therefore, it is possible to effectively shield frame ground noise, power source noise, and the like that come around from the gap between the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162. The first magnetic sensing element 171 and the second magnetic sensing element 172 face the first magnet 161 and the second magnet 162 via the shield member 80, but since the shield member 80 is a nonmagnetic metal, electromagnetic noise With respect to the above, the function as the magnetic encoder is not impaired while the shielding is excellent.

(Terminal member)
The encoder cable 5 is a shield cable in which a plurality of signal lines are covered with a metal mesh shield. At the end of the encoder cable 5, a frame ground line insulated from the signal line and connected to a shield that covers the signal line is drawn out along with the plurality of signal lines. The frame ground line is electrically connected to the frame ground potential of the motor 3 through a pattern provided on the substrate 60 so as to be insulated from the encoder circuit and the terminal member 9.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, one of the three holder fixing screws 145 for fixing the encoder holder 14 to the first bearing holder 42A overlaps the leg portion 150 of the encoder holder 14 and the terminal member 9. It is a terminal fixing screw 145A that is fixed by fixing. A notch 149 having a shape recessed toward the output side L1 is provided in a portion of the encoder holder 14 on the X2 side of the body 140. One of the three leg portions 150 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the cutout portion 149, and the terminal member 9 overlaps with the cutout portion 149 and the leg portion 150.

The terminal member 9 is a conductive sheet metal member, and is made of copper in this embodiment. The terminal member 9 includes a fixing portion 91 extending from the cutout portion 149 of the encoder holder 14 to the top of the leg portion 150, and an arm portion 92 extending from the fixing portion 91 to the circuit board assembly 13 side. The fixing portion 91 is provided with a long hole 93 that overlaps with the fixing hole 147 (see FIG. 5) provided in the leg portion 150. The fixing portion 91 is sandwiched between the head of the terminal fixing screw 145A, which is a conductive fixing member, and the leg portion 150, and is screwed to the first bearing holder 42A together with the leg portion 150 by the terminal fixing screw 145A. Therefore, the terminal member 9 is electrically connected to the frame ground of the motor case 4 via the terminal fixing screw 145A.

The first through hole 7 is formed in the board 60 at a position aligned with the connector 18 in the circumferential direction. Further, in the substrate holder 50, a second through hole 8 is formed at a position overlapping the first through hole 7 of the substrate 60 in the central axis L direction. The arm portion 92 of the terminal member 9 includes a first portion 94 that extends in the circumferential direction from the fixed portion 91, and a second portion 95 that is bent substantially at a right angle to the first portion 94 and extends to the counter output side L2. When the circuit board set 13 is fixed to the encoder holder 14, the tip portion 96 of the second portion 95 is arranged in the first through hole 7 and the second through hole 8. When the tip portion 96 of the second portion 95 is soldered to the first through hole 7, the terminal member 9 is electrically connected to the land 7 a provided on the edge of the first through hole 7.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, a cable-side connector 6 connected to the connector 18 on the substrate 60 is provided at the end of the encoder cable 5. The cable-side connector 6 includes terminals corresponding to each of the plurality of signal lines and the frame ground line.

As shown in FIG. 8, the connector 18 on the substrate 60 is provided with a plurality of terminal connecting portions 182 arranged in a line in the width direction of the connector 18. One terminal connection portion 182b of the plurality of terminal connection portions 182 is electrically connected to the land 7a provided on the edge of the first through hole 7 via the pattern provided on the substrate 60. .. Further, a part or all of the other terminal connecting portion 182a is connected to the encoder circuit provided on the substrate 60. Here, the pattern that connects the land 7a and the terminal connecting portion 182b is insulated from the encoder circuit and the other terminal connecting portion 182a, and is insulated from the signal ground of the encoder circuit. The first through hole 7 may be a through hole electrically connected to the pattern.

When the cable side connector 6 is connected to the connector 18 on the substrate 60, the terminal corresponding to the frame ground wire of the encoder cable 5 is connected to the terminal connecting portion 182b electrically connected to the land 7a. Therefore, the frame ground wire of the encoder cable 5 is electrically connected to the terminal member 9 soldered to the first through hole 7 via the land 7 a and the pattern on the substrate 60, and via the terminal member 9, It is connected to the frame ground of the motor case 4. On the other hand, the second through hole 8 formed in the substrate holder 50 is slightly larger than the first through hole 7 of the substrate 60, and the terminal member 9 does not contact the edge of the second through hole 8. Therefore, the substrate holder 50 is not electrically connected to the frame ground of the motor case 4 via the terminal member 9.

Thus, in this embodiment, when the encoder cable 5 is connected to the substrate 60, the encoder cable 5 is electrically connected to the frame ground of the motor case 4 simply by inserting the cable side connector 6 into the connector 18 on the substrate 60. Connected. By electrically connecting the encoder cable 5 to the frame ground of the motor case 4, it is possible to enhance the effect of shielding electrical noise that enters from the outside of the encoder cable 5. Therefore, the noise resistance of the encoder 10 can be improved.

(Main effects of this embodiment)
As described above, the encoder 10 of the present embodiment includes the magnet 16 that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 2, the magnetic sensitive element 17 that faces the magnet 16, and the substrate 60 on which the magnetic sensitive element 17 and the connector 18 are mounted. The encoder cover 12 covers the substrate 60 from the side opposite to the magnet 16 and the dustproof member 126 disposed between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60. Further, the substrate 60 includes an exposed portion 61A extending from the opening 123 of the cover to the outside of the encoder cover 12 when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet 16, and a housing portion 61B covered with the encoder cover 12. The connector 18 is arranged in 61A, and the magnetic sensing element 17 is arranged in the housing portion 61B. The magnetic sensitive element 17 located closest to the connector 18 is the first magnetic sensitive element 171 arranged in the center of the substrate 60, but the dustproof member 126 has an opening portion with respect to the center of the first magnetic sensitive element 171. It is arranged on the 123 side and is compressed between the encoder cover 12 and the substrate 60 to close the opening 123.

In the present embodiment, the encoder cover 12 that covers the substrate 60 on which the magnetic sensing element 17 is mounted thus includes the opening 123, and the portion of the substrate 60 that extends from the opening 123 to the outside of the encoder cover 12 ( The connector 18 is arranged on the exposed portion 61A). Therefore, it is not necessary to create an unnecessary gap between the encoder cover and the connector, and the height of the encoder cover 12 can be made lower than that of the connector 18. Upsizing can be suppressed. Further, since the dustproof member 126 that closes the opening 123 is provided, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from moving from the opening 123 to the encoder circuit side on the substrate 60. Further, since the dustproof member 126 is arranged closer to the opening 123 side than the center of the magnetic sensitive element 17 located closest to the connector 18 side (most X2 side), the amount of dustproof member 126 used is small. However, it is possible to effectively suppress the entry of foreign matter from the opening 123. Further, since the stress from the dustproof member 126 is not applied to the entire area where the magnetic sensing element 17 is arranged, it is possible to suppress the change in sensitivity due to the stress applied to the substrate 60, and it is possible to suppress the decrease in detection accuracy.

In the present embodiment, the opening 123 of the encoder cover 12 includes a linear portion 127 that is linear when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet 16, and the dustproof member 126 has a shape along the linear portion 127. Therefore, since the dustproof member 126 has a simple shape, it is easy to take the material as a part, the material cost can be reduced, and the manufacturing is easy. Moreover, since the positioning to the opening 123 is easy, the attachment work of the dustproof member 126 is easy.

In the present embodiment, the linear portion 127 extends along the longitudinal direction of the connector 18. In this way, by disposing the connector 18 so that the longitudinal direction of the connector 18 is along the opening 123, it is not necessary to largely project the substrate 60 outside the opening 123. Therefore, the substrate 60 can be prevented from increasing in size, and the encoder 10 can be prevented from increasing in size.

In the present embodiment, the magnet 16 includes a first magnet 161 magnetized with one N pole and one S pole in the circumferential direction, and a second magnet 161 magnetized with plural N poles and S poles alternately in the circumferential direction. 162, the magnetic sensitive element 1
7 includes a first magnetic sensing element 171 facing the first magnet 161 and a second magnetic sensing element 172 facing the second magnet 162. The second magnetic sensing element 172 is viewed from the side opposite to the magnet 16. The dustproof member 126 does not overlap. Therefore, since the magnetic sensitive element 17 for detecting the magnetic fields of the magnetized magnets 16 is arranged on the side farthest from the dustproof member 126, the stress applied to the second magnetic sensitive element 172 which is sensitive to the sensitivity change due to the stress. The influence can be suppressed. Therefore, a decrease in detection accuracy can be suppressed.

In this embodiment, since the dustproof member 126 is a porous body and is soft, the dustproof member 126 is easily deformed by contact with the substrate 60 or electronic components on the substrate 60. Therefore, the movement of the foreign matter can be suppressed while suppressing the influence of the stress on the magnetic sensing element 17. Further, since it is not a simple porous body but a semi-closed semi-open cell, it is softer than the closed cell. Therefore, it is more likely to be deformed than the closed cell body due to contact with the substrate 60 or the electronic component. Further, the elastically deformable porous body can be processed into a desired shape by a simple punching process. Furthermore, the opening 123 can be closed even if the shape accuracy is low. Therefore, the manufacturing cost is low.

In this embodiment, the encoder cover 12 functions as a conductive first shield member. In addition, a conductive substrate holder 50 that covers the substrate 60 from the magnet 16 side is provided, and a shield member (second shield member) that covers the magnetic sensing element 17 from the magnet 16 side is fixed to the substrate holder 50. Therefore, since the substrate 60 can be covered with the conductive shield member from the side of the magnet 16 and the side opposite to the magnet 16, it is possible to suppress a decrease in detection accuracy due to the influence of electromagnetic noise. Further, since the substrate holder 50 and the shield member 80 cover the portion where the magnetic sensing element 17 is exposed from the magnet 16 side, they also function as a dustproof member.

(Modification)
In the above embodiment, the circuit board set 13 includes the board 60 and the board holder 50, the first magnetic sensitive element 171 is mounted on the board 60, and the second magnetic sensitive element 172 is fixed to the board holder 50 to form a flexible wiring board. Although connected to the substrate 60 by 174, the circuit board set 13 may not have the substrate holder 50. For example, a structure may be adopted in which the first magnetic sensing element 171 and the second magnetic sensing element 172 are mounted on the substrate 60, and the substrate 60 is brought into contact with and fixed to the encoder holder 14.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Motor with encoder, 2... Rotating shaft, 3... Motor, 4... Motor case, 5... Encoder cable, 6... Cable side connector, 7a... Land, 7... First through hole, 8... Second through hole, 9 ...Terminal member, 10...encoder, 11...encoder case, 12...encoder cover, 13...circuit board set, 14...encoder holder, 15...magnet assembly, 16...magnet, 17...sensing element, 18...connector, 19 ... magnet holder, 20... cable guide member, 21... guide surface, 22... arc surface, 23... cable passage, 24... positioning hole, 41... cylindrical case, 42A... first bearing holder, 43... bearing, 44... circular shape Recesses, 45... Flange, 46... Annular wall, 47... Plate, 48... Through hole, 50... Substrate holder, 51... Fixing hole, 52... Boss portion, 53... Flat portion, 54... Edge portion, 56... Through hole, 57... step portion, 58... through hole, 59... shield mounting surface, 60... substrate, 60a... counter-output side substrate surface, 60b... output side substrate surface, 61... straight line portion, 61A... exposed portion, 61B... accommodating portion, 62, 63... Fixing hole, 64... Notch part, 65... Board fixing screw, 66... Positioning pin, 70... Fixing member, 80... Shield member, 90... Bending position, 91... Fixing part, 92... Arm part, 93 ... long hole, 94... first part, 95... second part, 96... tip part, 111... end plate part, 112... side plate part, 113... wiring take-out part, 114... sealing member, 115... rib, 116... convex Numeral 117, notch, 118, holding member, 119, encoder cable holder, 121... end plate, 122... side plate, 123... opening, 124... fixing hole, 125... fixing member, 126... dustproof member, 127... Straight part, 128... Bent part, 131... Positioning hole, 132... Fixing hole, 133... Ground through hole, 140... Body part, 141... Magnet placement hole, 143... Annular surface, 144... Boss part, 145... Holder Fixing screw, 145A... Terminal fixing screw, 146... Positioning hole, 147... Fixing hole, 149... Notch, 150... Leg, 161... First magnet, 162... Second magnet, 171... First magnetic sensitive element, 172... Second magnetic sensitive element, 173... Connection terminal, 174... Flexible wiring board, 175... Hall element, 181... Insertion port, 182, 182a, 182b... Terminal connection part, 191... Magnet holding part, 192... Shaft part, 193... Shield part, 194... Yoke part, 471... Notch, 621... Ground through hole, C... Dustproof member disposition region, L... Central axis line, L1... Output side, L2...Counter output side

Claims (7)

A magnet that rotates integrally with the rotating shaft,
A magnetic sensitive element facing the magnet,
A board on which the magnetic sensing element and the connector are mounted,
An encoder cover that covers the substrate from the side opposite to the magnet,
A dustproof member arranged between the encoder cover and the substrate,
The substrate includes an exposed portion extending from the opening of the encoder cover to the outside of the encoder cover when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet, and a housing portion covered by the encoder cover,
The connector is arranged on the exposed portion,
When at least one of the magnetic sensitive elements arranged in the housing portion is the magnetic sensitive element located closest to the connector side as a first magnetic sensitive element,
The encoder is characterized in that the dustproof member is disposed on the opening side with respect to the center of the first magnetic sensing element and is compressed between the encoder cover and the substrate to close the opening. The opening includes a linear portion that is linear when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet,
The encoder according to claim 1, wherein the dustproof member has a shape along the straight line portion. The encoder according to claim 2, wherein the linear portion extends along a longitudinal direction of the connector. The magnet includes a first magnet in which one N pole and one S pole are magnetized in the circumferential direction, and a second magnet in which a plurality of N and S poles are alternately magnetized in the circumferential direction.
The magnetic sensing element includes the first magnetic sensing element facing the first magnet and a second magnetic sensing element facing the second magnet,
The encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second magnetic sensing element is located at a position where it does not overlap the dustproof member when viewed from the side opposite to the magnet. The encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dustproof member is a porous body. The encoder according to claim 5, wherein the dustproof member is a semi-independent semi-continuous bubble body. An encoder according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A motor provided with the rotating shaft, and a motor with an encoder.

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