JP2020112269A - Cage and conical roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

To obtain a cage which can exert an effect for reducing the rotational torque of a bearing when combined with a conical roller having a rolling-face center part which is formed at a center part of a roller entire length with a busbar in a linear shape.SOLUTION: A guide face 42c which contacts with a conical roller 30 in a peripheral direction, and a first recessed face 42d and a second recesses face 42e for reducing the agitation resistance and shearing resistance of oil are formed at a column part 42 in notched shapes which are recessed to the peripheral direction from the guide face 42c. By forming the guide face 42c into a smooth middle-protrusive shape in a longitudinal direction of the conical roller 30, a contact length between the rolling-face center part 31a and the guide face 42c is suppressed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a cage in which a pocket for accommodating a tapered roller is formed, and a tapered roller bearing including the cage.

In a tapered roller bearing, when the tapered roller rolls during rotation, agitation of the oil passing through the bearing becomes a resistance, which may increase the rotational torque of the bearing. Also, since the retainer pillar has a guide surface that makes circumferential contact with the tapered rollers housed in the pockets, the shear torque of the oil between the tapered rollers and the guide surface also acts as resistance, which also causes the bearing rotation. There is a concern of increasing the torque. Conventionally, in order to reduce the rotating torque of the bearing, the shape of the cage has been devised.

For example, by setting a small radial clearance between the inner diameter of the cage and the small collar of the inner ring, the amount of oil flowing into the bearing is reduced and the oil stirring resistance is reduced. There is. Also, by forming a notch-shaped concave surface in the annular portion on the small diameter side of the cage, the oil that has flowed into the inner ring side of the cage from between the cage and the inner ring can be quickly discharged to the outer ring side. Then, the stirring resistance of oil is also reduced. Further, by forming a notch-shaped concave surface between the guide surface of the pillar portion and one end of the pillar portion in the axial direction and between the guide surface and the other end of the pillar portion in the axial direction, oil of the tapered roller and the pillar portion Shear resistance has also been reduced (Patent Document 1).

In addition, by forming the guide surface of the column portion into a taper shape having a length of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the tapered roller on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered roller, an oil film is formed. The range is narrowed to reduce the shear resistance of oil between the tapered roller and the column portion (Patent Document 2).

On the other hand, in order to alleviate the stress concentration at the end of the rolling surface of the tapered roller so as to withstand a further heavy load, crowning has been adopted for the rolling surface. In particular, a combination in which the crowning with a large logarithm is adopted and the generatrix of the raceway is a straight or medium convex crowning is advantageous in terms of bearing function and processing cost. When logarithmic crowning is adopted, the generatrix is linear and the center of the rolling surface is formed at the center of the roller length.The crowning is formed so that the diameter gradually decreases from the end of the center of the rolling surface. Things are also being done. In this case, when the drop amount of each part of the logarithmic crowning part is measured, the reference position is the center part of the rolling surface with the generatrix straight, so that stable quality control is possible (Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent No. 4949652 JP, 2007-24170, A Japanese Patent No. 5334665

As described above, when the cage adopting the concave surface disclosed in Patent Document 1 and the guide surface disclosed in Patent Document 2 is combined with the tapered roller disclosed in Patent Document 3, the column portion is straightened in the longitudinal direction. The guide surface and the center of the rolling surface, which is formed in the center of the roller length with the generatrix straight, make contact in the circumferential direction, and the contact length between the guide surface and the tapered roller is This is larger than when a general crowning tapered roller with an arc shape is adopted. Therefore, there is a problem that the effect of reducing the rotating torque of the bearing is lost.

In view of the background described above, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the rotational torque of a bearing when combined with a tapered roller having a rolling surface central portion formed in the central portion of the roller length with a generatrix straight. It is to make the cage capable of exhibiting the effect of reduction.

1st invention which achieves the said subject WHEREIN: In the holder|retainer in which the pocket which accommodates a tapered roller was formed, the some pillar part which isolate|separates between the said pockets which adjoin a circumferential direction, and the axial direction of these pillar parts. A first annular portion continuous to one end and a second annular portion having an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion and one axial end of the plurality of column portions opposite to the other axial end thereof. A guide surface in contact with the tapered roller in the circumferential direction, and a cut recessed from the guide surface in the circumferential direction between the guide surface and one axial end of the pillar portion. A first concave surface formed in a notch shape, and a second concave surface formed in a notch shape that is recessed in the circumferential direction from the guide surface between the guide surface and the other axial end of the column portion. The guide surface is formed in a smooth convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller, and the tapered roller has a rolling surface formed in the central portion of the entire roller length with the generatrix being a straight line. It has a central portion and a crowning portion formed so as to gradually reduce in diameter from the end of the rolling surface central portion, and the maximum amount of protrusion of the guide surface toward the rolling surface central portion. The portion having the above is adopted to be shorter than the central portion of the rolling surface in the roller length direction.

A second aspect of the present invention that achieves the above object is, in a cage in which a pocket for accommodating a tapered roller is formed, a plurality of pillar portions that separate the circumferentially adjacent pockets, and a plurality of pillar portions. A first annular portion that is continuous with one end in the axial direction, and a first annular portion that has an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion and that is continuous with the other end in the axial direction opposite the one end in the axial direction of the plurality of pillar portions. Two annular portions, the column portion has a guide surface that comes into circumferential contact with the tapered rollers, and the first annular portion has a pocket end surface that comes into axial contact with the tapered rollers. , A third concave surface formed in a notch shape axially recessed from the pocket end surface, and the third concave surface is arranged at a central portion in the circumferential direction between the pillar portions that are circumferentially adjacent to each other. The guide surface is formed in a smooth convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller, and the tapered roller has a rolling surface formed in the central portion of the entire roller length with the generatrix being a straight line. It has a central portion and a crowning portion formed so as to gradually reduce in diameter from the end of the rolling surface central portion, and the maximum amount of protrusion of the guide surface toward the rolling surface central portion. The portion having the above is adopted to be shorter than the central portion of the rolling surface in the roller length direction.

Further, a third invention for achieving the above object is, in a cage in which a pocket for accommodating a tapered roller is formed, a plurality of pillar portions separating the pockets adjacent to each other in a circumferential direction, and a plurality of pillar portions. A first annular portion that is continuous with one end in the axial direction, and a first annular portion that has an outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion and that is continuous with the other end in the axial direction opposite the one end in the axial direction of the plurality of pillar portions. Two annular portions, the column portion has a guide surface that comes into contact with the tapered rollers in the circumferential direction, and the guide surface is on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered rollers. A taper shape having a length dimension of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the roller, and the guide surface is formed in a smooth center convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller. Is adopted.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, by adopting the first concave surface of the column portion, the oil that has flowed into the inner ring side from the cage and the inner ring with respect to the cage is promptly discharged to the outer ring side, and the oil is stirred. While reducing the resistance, by adopting the first concave surface and the second concave surface of the column portion, it is possible to reduce the shear resistance of the oil between the tapered roller and the guide surface, while adopting the middle convex guide surface, When combined with a tapered roller having a rolling surface center part formed in the central part of the roller length with the generatrix straight, the contact length between the guide surface and the tapered roller is suppressed to reduce the rotational torque of the bearing. The effect can be exerted.
Further, in the second aspect of the present invention, by adopting the third concave surface of the first annular portion, the oil that has flowed into the inner ring side with respect to the cage from between the cage and the inner ring is quickly discharged to the outer ring side. It is possible to reduce the oil agitation resistance and to combine it with a tapered roller that has a central rolling surface formed in the center of the roller length by adopting a medium convex guide surface with a straight generating line. In this case, it is possible to suppress the contact length between the guide surface and the tapered roller and to exert the effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing.
Further, the third aspect of the present invention employs a tapered guide surface having a length dimension of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the tapered roller on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered roller, whereby the oil film is formed. While the forming range is narrowed and it is possible to reduce the shearing resistance of oil between the tapered roller and the column part, by adopting the middle convex guide surface, the generatrix is formed in the center part of the entire roller length as a straight line. Even when it is combined with a tapered roller having a central portion of the rolling surface, it is possible to suppress the contact length between the guide surface and the tapered roller and to exert the effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing.

The partial expanded sectional view which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention by the cutting line of the II line in FIG. The partial expanded sectional view which shows 1st Embodiment of this invention on the plane orthogonal to the central axis of a tapered roller. A partially enlarged plan view showing the first embodiment of the present invention from the direction of arrow A in FIG. A partial sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention on an axial plane (including a bearing center axis). Enlarged front view showing the tapered roller of FIG. The partial expanded sectional view which shows the 2nd Embodiment of this invention by the same cutting line as FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged plan view showing the third embodiment of the present invention from the same direction as FIG. A partially enlarged plan view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention from the same direction as that of FIG. The partial expanded sectional view which shows the 4th Embodiment of this invention by the same cutting line as FIG. The partial expanded sectional view which shows the 5th Embodiment of this invention by the same cutting line as FIG. The partial expanded top view which shows 6th Embodiment of this invention from the same direction as FIG. The figure which illustrated typically the arrangement|positioning at the time of performing a pocket punching process from the cage inner diameter side in the press process which forms the guide surface which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Diagram showing punching from the state of FIG. Enlarged view of the punched section of Fig. 13 The figure which illustrated typically the arrangement|positioning at the time of carrying out surface pressing from the cage inner diameter side after the pocket punching processing of FIG. The figure which shows a mode that a surface is pressed with a punch from the state of FIG. Enlarged view of the punched section of Fig. 16 The figure which illustrated typically the arrangement|positioning at the time of carrying out a pocket punching process from the cage outer diameter side in the press working which forms the guide surface which concerns on embodiment of this invention. Diagram showing punching from the state of FIG. Enlarged view of the vicinity of the punched section in Fig. 19 Sectional drawing which cut on the 3rd concave surface shown in FIG. 3 by the axial plane. The cutting plane of line aa in FIG. 7 is shown in the rightmost column in this figure, and the cutting plane of line bb in FIG. 7 is shown in the middle column in this figure, and c- in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the cutting surface of c line in the column part of the left end in this figure.

Hereinafter, a first embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the attached FIGS. As shown in FIG. 4, the tapered roller bearing according to the first embodiment has an inner ring 10 having a raceway surface 11, a small collar 12 and a large collar 13 formed on the outer circumference, and a raceway surface 21 formed on the inner circumference. Outer ring 20
And a cage 40 in which a pocket 41 for accommodating the tapered roller 30 is formed. Hereinafter, the “circumferential direction” refers to the circumferential direction around the bearing central axis. Further, the “axial direction” means a direction along the bearing central axis. Further, the “radial direction” means a direction perpendicular to the bearing central axis. The central axes of the inner ring 10, the outer ring 20, and the cage 40 correspond to the bearing central axes.

As shown in FIG. 5, the tapered roller 30 includes a rolling surface 31, a small end surface 32, a small end chamfer 33 formed between the rolling surface 31 and the small end surface 32, a large end surface 34, and a rolling surface. It has a large end chamfer 35 formed between the face 31 and the large end face 34. The rolling surface 31 makes rolling contact with the raceway surfaces 11 and 21. Contact between the small end surface 32 and the small brim 12 shown in FIG. 4 prevents the tapered roller 30 from falling off toward the small end side with respect to the inner ring 10. During the operation of the bearing, the tapered roller 30 is guided in the circumferential direction by the sliding contact between the large collar 13 and the large end surface 34 shown in FIG.

The rolling surface 31 has a generatrix line and is formed in the central portion of the entire roller length Lr. The rolling surface central portion 31a and the rolling surface central portion 31a are formed so as to be gradually reduced in diameter from two ends. And the crowning portions 31b and 31c. Here, the roller total length Lr refers to the total length of the tapered roller 30 measured in the roller length direction, and the roller length direction of the tapered roller 30 refers to the direction along the generatrix of the rolling surface 31.

The center portion 31a of the rolling surface has a length of 1/2 or more of the total roller length Lr of the tapered roller 30. When measuring the drop amounts of the crowning portions 31b and 31c, if the generatrix of the rolling surface central portion 31a, which is the reference position, is linear, stable quality control is possible. It suffices to determine the length of the rolling contact surface central portion 31a in the roller length direction within a range in which this object can be achieved. Even if the ratio of the rolling contact surface central portion 31a to the roller total length Lr is 1/2, , May be less than 1/2.

The crowning portions 31b, 31c are rolling surface regions in which the average diameter of the tapered rollers 30 is gradually reduced from the end of the rolling surface central portion 31a in the roller length direction. The generatrix shapes of the crowning portions 31b and 31c may be appropriately determined so as to reduce stress concentration at the ends of the rolling surface 31. The crowning portions 31b and 31c in the illustrated example are logarithmic crowning portions having a logarithmic busbar as a whole by connecting the busbars of the three arcs R1, R2, and R3. The generatrix shapes of the crowning portions 31b and 31c may be designed by the technique disclosed in Patent Document 3. The generatrix shape of the crowning portions 31b and 31c may be a single arc shape. The shape of the busbar is not required to be established in a strict geometrical sense, and may be within a range that can be used for grinding and superfinishing to form the busbar shape in design.

The cage 40 shown in FIG. 4 is a punched cage formed by pressing an iron-based plate material. Since the punched cage has high productivity and low cost, it is suitable for tapered roller bearings for automobiles and industrial machines.

FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the cage 40 and the tapered rollers 30 on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered rollers 30 shown in FIG. FIG. 3 shows the pocket 41 of the cage 40 as seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the retainer 40 is continuous with a plurality of pillar portions 42 that separate the circumferentially adjacent pockets 41, 41 and one axial end 42 a of the plurality of pillar portions 42. A first annular portion 43, and a second annular portion 44 that has an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion 43 and is continuous with the axial end 42a opposite to the axial end 42a of the plurality of column portions 42. , Are provided. The arrow A in FIG. 2 is on the axial plane that passes through the center of the pocket 41 in the circumferential direction and includes the bearing center axis.

The pocket 41 is a space that allows the tapered roller 30 to freely move with respect to the cage 40, and is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the column portion 42 is in a region having a diameter larger than the pitch diameter of the tapered rollers 30 interposed between the raceway surfaces 11 and 21, and the raceway surface 11 and the small collar 12 of the inner ring 10 are provided. The tapered roller 30 and the pillar portion 42 of the cage 40 form an inner ring assembly.

As shown in FIG. 3, one end 42 a in the axial direction and the other end 42 b in the axial direction of the column portion 42 have ends of a corner R of the column portion 42 continuous with the corresponding first annular portion 43 and second annular portion 44 ( Inflection point).

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the pillar portion 42 has a guide surface 42c that comes into contact with the tapered rollers 30 in the circumferential direction, and a circumference of the guide surface 42c between the guide surface 42c and one axial end 42a of the pillar portion 42. Between the guide surface 42c and the other axial end 42b of the column portion 42, the first concave surface 42d is formed in a notched shape that is recessed in the direction, and is formed in a notched shape that is recessed in the circumferential direction from the guide surface 42c. And a second concave surface 42e. A cross-sectional view taken along line I-I in FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. The I-I line is set on the normal line at the contact point with the tapered roller 30 set on the guide surface 42c on one side in the circumferential direction of the column portion 42 and on the guide surface 42c on the other side in the circumferential direction of the column portion 42. It corresponds to the normal line at the contact point with the tapered roller 30.

The guide surface 42c shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is formed in a smooth convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller 30. The guide surface 42c is formed in the column portion 42 in a range that can at least face the rolling surface central portion 31a of the tapered roller 30 in the circumferential direction. Within this range, the guide surface 42c has a convex amount Dc toward the rolling surface central portion 31a of the tapered roller 30. Of the guide surface 42c, a portion 42f having the maximum convex amount Dc toward the rolling surface central portion 31a of the tapered roller 30 is formed to be significantly shorter in the roller length direction than the rolling surface central portion 31a. Has been done. Normally, the contact point between the guide surface 42c and the tapered roller 30 is located at the portion 42f having the maximum convex amount Dc. Therefore, the rolling surface central portion 31a and the guide surface 42c, which have a straight generatrix, can make circumferential contact only within a short range such as a point contact state, and the contact length between the guide surface 42c and the tapered roller 30 is long. Can be suppressed. That is, the shearing resistance of the oil between the guide surface 42c and the tapered rollers 30 can be suppressed to reduce the rotational torque of the bearing. It should be noted that the middle convex shape is not required to be smoothly continuous in a geometrically strict sense, and may be a smooth curved surface within a range that is possible in press working.

The maximum convex amount Dc is preferably 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. If it is less than 1 μm, it becomes difficult to process and control the dimensions. If it exceeds 50 μm, the convex amount Dc is too large and the contact surface pressure between the tapered roller 30 and the guide surface 42c increases, which may lead to early damage due to poor oil film formation. In order to suppress the increase of the contact surface pressure, it is more preferable that the maximum convex amount Dc is limited to 10 μm or less.

FIG. 1 illustrates a guide surface 42c having a single R middle convex shape in which the portion 42f having the maximum convex amount Dc is set at the center of the column portion 42 in the length direction. The convex amount Dc becomes smaller as it approaches the one end 42g of the guide surface 42c, and becomes zero at the one end 42g. One end 42g of the guide surface 42c is an inflection point continuous with the first concave surface 42d. An inflection point between the second concave surface 42e and the guide surface 42c is the other end of the guide surface 42c.

Further, the guide surface 42c has a taper shape that gradually separates from the tapered roller 30 in the circumferential direction toward the inner diameter of the cage 40 on the plane of FIG. The guide surface 42c is tapered with a length dimension Lc of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the tapered roller 30 on the plane of FIG. The average diameter of the tapered rollers 30 corresponds to the in-plane average diameter of the tapered rollers 30 on a plane perpendicular to the central axis. When the length dimension Lc of the guide surface 42c is narrowed as described above, the oil film formation range between the column portion 42 and the tapered roller 30 is narrowed. Therefore, the shearing resistance of oil between the tapered roller 30 and the column portion 42 is reduced.

Note that the length dimension Lc is set to 5% or more of the average diameter of the tapered roller 30 as in Patent Document 2, but the point that the length dimension Lc is 20% or less is less than 11%. Different from Reference 2. The reason why the range is expanded from less than 11% to 20% or less is that if the content is limited to less than 11%, it is difficult to control the dimensions in press working, and the working cost can increase.

The first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 are notches recessed in the circumferential direction from the guide surface 42c that defines the substantially oblique side of the substantially trapezoidal shape of the pocket 41. It cannot come into contact with the rolling surface 31 of the tapered roller 30. Therefore, the gap between the first concave surface 42d and the rolling surface 31 and the gap between the second concave surface 42e and the rolling surface 31 serve as oil circulation paths, respectively.

In the tapered roller bearing, basically, an oil pumping action occurs such that oil passes from the small diameter side to the large diameter side. At this time, the oil flowing between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10 becomes stirring resistance. The oil (schematically indicated by a thick arrow in FIG. 4) that has flowed into the inner ring 10 side with respect to the cage 40 from between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10 is flowed by the pumping action when the first concave surface 42d is formed. And flows through the gap between the rolling surfaces 31 and flows out to the outer ring 20 side early. Therefore, the amount of oil passing through the outer ring 20 side increases, and accordingly, the amount of oil passing between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10 to reach the vicinity of the large collar 13 decreases, and the oil stirring resistance is reduced. ..

Further, compared with the case where the guide surface is formed over the entire length of the column portion without the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e, the tapered roller 30 is formed in the region of the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e. The contact area with the pillar portion 42 is reduced. Therefore, the shearing torque of oil between the tapered roller 30 and the column portion 42 is reduced.

The first annular portion 43 has a pocket end surface 43a that comes into axial contact with the tapered roller 30 and a third recessed surface 43b that is formed as a notch that is recessed in the axial direction from the pocket end surface 43a.

The pocket end surface 43a is a wall surface that defines the shorter side in the circumferential direction of the two substantially parallel trapezoidal long and short sides of the pocket 41, and is continuous with the axial end 42a of the column portion 42 in the circumferential direction. ing. The third concave surface 43b is arranged in the circumferential central portion between the pillar portions 42, 42 that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Therefore, axial contact between the third concave surface 43b, which is recessed so as to divide the pocket end surface 43a in the circumferential direction, and the tapered roller 30 cannot occur, and the gap between the third concave surface 43b and the tapered roller 30 is It becomes a distribution channel. The oil that has flowed into the inner ring 10 side with respect to the cage 40 from between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10 flows through the gap between the third concave surface 43b and the tapered roller 30 when being pumped out, and the outer ring 20 can be quickly formed. Spill to the side. Therefore, a large amount of oil passes through the outer ring 20 side, and the stirring resistance of the oil is reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4, the first annular portion 43 is radially opposed to the outer diameter surface of the small collar 12, and the inner diameter of the first annular portion 43 (that is, the inner diameter of the cage 40) at the opposing end portion thereof. ) Is prescribed. Here, the radial gap g between the inner diameter of the first annular portion 43 and the outer diameter of the small collar 12 is 2% or less of the outer diameter dimension of the small collar 12. As a result, the amount of oil that flows into the bearing from between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10 is suppressed, and the stirring resistance of the oil is reduced.

The first embodiment is as described above, and by adopting the first concave surface 42d of the column portion 42 and the third concave surface 43b of the first annular portion 43, it is held from between the cage 40 and the inner ring 10. The oil that has flowed into the inner ring 10 side with respect to the container 40 is quickly discharged to the outer ring 20 side to reduce the oil stirring resistance, and by adopting the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e of the column portion 42, the tapered roller is provided. The shearing resistance of the oil between the column 30 and the column portion 42 is reduced, and further, the length dimension Lc of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the tapered roller 30 on the plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered roller 30 in FIG. By adopting the tapered guide surface 42c having the above, the cage 40 is capable of narrowing the oil film forming range and reducing the shear resistance of the oil between the tapered roller 30 and the column portion 42.

As described above, in the first embodiment, the cage 40 capable of reducing the stirring resistance and the shearing resistance of the oil is adopted, and the guide surface 42c having the middle convex shape is adopted. When combined with the tapered roller 30 having the moving surface central portion 31a, the contact length between the guide surface 42c and the tapered roller 30 is suppressed, and the first concave surface 42d, the second concave surface 42e, the third concave surface 43b, and the guide surface. It is possible to suppress the loss of the resistance reducing effect that is exhibited by the restriction of the length dimension Lc of 42c and to exert the effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing.

In the first embodiment, the central convex shape of the guide surface 42c is defined as a single R shape, but the central convex shape may be defined as a composite shape in which a plurality of Rs, straight lines, etc. are appropriately smoothly connected. A second embodiment as an example thereof will be described based on FIG. Only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below.

The second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is different in that the guide surface 51 of the column portion 50 has a complex R shape. The guide surface 51 has a central portion 51a defined by the first curved surface R1 at the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the column portion 50, and a remaining portion defined by the second curved surface R2 continuous with the end of the central portion 51a. It is composed of 51b and 51b.

The central portion 51a has a middle-height shape having a small amount of protrusion as compared with the remaining portion 51b. The convex amount Dc1 given by the central portion 51a is set to, for example, 1 to 5 μm, the convex amount Dc2 given by the remaining portion 51b is set to, for example, 5 to 10 μm, and the convex amount (Dc1+Dc2) of the entire guide surface 51 is , For example, it can be set to 6 to 15 μm.

The length dimension that the central portion 51a occupies in the guide surface 51 is 1/2 of the total length of the guide surface 51. Further, the length dimension that the remaining portion 51b occupies the guide surface 51 is half of the total length of the guide surface 51 excluding the central portion 51a.

The central portion 51a is sufficiently shorter in the roller length direction than the central portion of the rolling surface of the tapered roller, and although illustration is omitted, the central portion 51a is replaced by R1 and the longitudinal direction of the pillar portion 50 is changed. It is also possible to define a straight line along the line. Even in this case, the entire guide surface has a convex shape with the convex amount Dc2 of the remaining portion 51b, and the contact length with the tapered roller can be suppressed at the remaining portion 51b.

The guide surface of the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above is an example of a shape adapted when the first concave surface and the second concave surface are formed on the pillar portion, and is adopted regardless of whether the third concave surface is adopted or not. can do. For example, in the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the third concave surface is omitted, and only the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e are formed as notches recessed in the axial direction or the circumferential direction from the wall surface defining the pocket 41. They differ in points. The pocket end surface 43a' formed on the first annular portion 43' is continuous between the column portions 42, 42 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction.

Similar to the first embodiment, the third embodiment uses the first concave surface 42d, the second concave surface 42e, and the tapered guide surface (see FIG. 2) of the predetermined length dimension Lc of the column portion 42 to stir resistance and shear the oil. While reducing the resistance, the contact length between the center-convex guide surface and the center of the rolling surface of the tapered roller (not shown) is suppressed to exert the effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing. You can Such a third embodiment is suitable when the axial width of the first annular portion 43′ is narrowed and it is difficult to form the third concave surface by notching the first annular portion 43′ by press working. is there.

Further, the middle convex guide surface can be adopted regardless of whether the first concave surface and the second concave surface are adopted. For example, the cage 60 of the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 defines the pocket 61 by omitting the first concave surface and the second concave surface from the pillar portions 62, 62 that define the circumferential ends of the pocket 61. The difference is that only a third concave surface is formed as a notch recessed in the axial direction or the circumferential direction from the wall surface. The pillar portion 62 is linearly connected to a corner R between the first annular portion 63 and the second annular portion 64. The concave surface for allowing the oil to escape to the outer ring side early is only the third concave surface 63b which is concave from the pocket end surface 63a of the first annular portion 63. The guide surface 62a of the pillar portion 62 starts from an inflection point with the corner R of the pillar portion 62. The guide surface 62a is common to the first embodiment in terms of the maximum value of the convex amount Dc and the single R shape, but the entire length of the guide surface 62a is extended to the corner R as compared with the first embodiment. There is.

In the fourth embodiment, similar to the first embodiment, the third concave surface 63b of the first annular portion 63 and the tapered guide surface having the predetermined length dimension Lc (see FIG. 2) reduce oil stirring resistance and shear resistance. It is possible to suppress the contact length between the middle convex guide surface 62a and the center portion (not shown) of the rolling surface of the tapered roller, while exhibiting the effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing. .. In the fourth embodiment as described above, when the rotational speed condition of the bearing is fast and the force applied to the cage 60 is large, it is possible to avoid forming a notched first concave surface or the like in the column portion 60 and to retain the cage strength. This is suitable for securing the

Further, even when the first concave surface and the second concave surface are omitted from the column portion, the middle convex shape of the guide surface may be defined by a composite shape in which a plurality of Rs, straight lines, etc. are appropriately smoothly connected. A fifth embodiment as an example thereof will be described based on FIG.

The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is different in that the first concave surface and the second concave surface are omitted from the pillar portion 70, and the guide surface 71 continuous between the corners R has a complex R shape. Similar to the second embodiment, the guide surface 71 is composed of a central portion 71a defined by the first curved surface shape R1 and remaining portions 71b, 71b defined by the second curved surface shape R2.

Further, the middle convex guide surface can be adopted regardless of whether the first concave surface to the third concave surface are adopted. For example, in the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 11, the third concave surface is further omitted from the fourth embodiment, and no notch recessed axially or circumferentially from the wall surface defining the pocket 61 is formed. They differ in points. The pocket end surface 63a' is continuous between the pillar portions 62, 62 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. Similar to the first embodiment, the sixth embodiment makes it possible to reduce the shearing resistance of oil by means of a tapered guide surface having a predetermined length dimension Lc (see FIG. 2 ), and a middle convex guide surface. The effect of reducing the rotational torque of the bearing can be exhibited by suppressing the contact length of the tapered roller with the central portion (not shown) of the rolling surface. In such a sixth embodiment, it is difficult to form the third concave surface by notching the first annular portion 63′ by press working by narrowing the axial width of the first annular portion 63′, and holding it. It is suitable for securing the strength of the vessel.

The press working for forming the middle convex guide surface as in each of the above-described embodiments is divided into a pocket punching work for punching out the work peripheral wall portion and a face pressing work for adjusting the shape of the punching cross section of the column rough striking portion. Can be carried out in a specific manner. The work peripheral wall portion is formed in a cone shape corresponding to the inner diameter surface and the outer diameter surface of the column portion. The punch punch used in the pocket punching process has a pocket-shaped blade viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. The surface pressing punch used in the surface pressing has a pressing surface that transfers the shape of the guide surface having a convex shape.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, in a state where the outer peripheral surface of the work peripheral wall W1 is received by the die D1, the punching punch P1 arranged on the inner diameter side with respect to the work peripheral wall W1 is radially arranged. By driving, the work peripheral wall portion W1 is punched out. As a result, as shown in FIG. 14, a column rough hitting portion W2 having a substantially columnar shape is formed. In the punching cross section of the column rough striking part W2,
A shear surface Ws1 is generated on the inner diameter side, and a fracture surface Ws2 is generated on the outer diameter side.

In the surface pressing work performed on the punched cross section of the column rough-cutting portion W2, as shown in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16, the column rough-cutting portion W2 is formed with the outer diameter surface of the column rough-cutting portion W2 received by the die D1. On the other hand, by driving the surface pressing punch P2 arranged on the inner diameter side in the radial direction, the punching cross section of the column rough punching portion W2 is pressed by the surface pressing punch P2, and as a result, as shown in FIG. Meat movement occurs in which the fracture surface Ws2 side of the punched cross section overhangs in the circumferential direction (in the figure, the shape change due to the movement of the meat is drawn by a chain double-dashed line), and a middle convex guide surface Ws3 is formed on the punched cross section. It

In the pocket punching process, the work peripheral wall portion may be punched from the outer diameter side. For example, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, in a state where the inner diameter surface of the work peripheral wall portion W1 is received by the die D2, the punching punch P3 arranged on the outer diameter side with respect to the work peripheral wall portion W1 is radially arranged. By driving, as shown in FIG. 19, the work peripheral wall portion W1 is punched out. Then, as shown in FIG. 20, the column rough struck portion W3 is formed. A shear surface Ws4 is formed on the outer diameter side and a fracture surface Ws5 is formed on the inner diameter side of the stamped cross section of the column rough-cutting portion W3. Since the clearance between the die D2 and the punch P3 is set to be larger than that in the example of FIG. 17, the width reduction amount of the fracture surface Ws5 with respect to the shear surface Ws3 is larger than that of the example of FIG. The subsequent surface pressing process is the same as that in FIG. 15, but the surface Ws5 of the column rough hitting portion W3 is pressed by the surface pressing punch.

The above-mentioned first concave surface to third concave surface are formed by excessively punching the work peripheral wall portion in the pocket punching process. Here, when adopting the first concave surface or the like, it is preferable to devise the shape of the cage so as not to collapse the shape of the pocket when punching with the punching punch.

Specifically, in the case of adopting the third concave surface, as illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 21, the column portion 42 has an inner diameter surface 42h along a conical shape, and the first annular portion 43, A corner R surface 43c bent in the radial direction from a straight area that is flush with the inner diameter surface 42h of the column portion 42 (the boundary position between the straight area of the first annular portion 43 and the corner R surface 43c is indicated by point Po1 in FIG. 21). It is preferable that the depth of the third concave surface 43d is 0.1 mm or more, and the third concave surface 43d is set to a size such that the third concave surface 43d stays within the straight region. Here, the depth G of the third concave surface 43d is the depth taken from the pocket end surface 43a in the direction along the inner diameter surface 42h of the column portion 42. With such a cage shape, it is possible to perform pocket punching processing on a cup-shaped work having a work peripheral wall portion formed with the inner diameter surface 42h, the straight region of the first annular portion 43 and the corner R surface 43c. The rigidity near the peripheral wall of the work during punching is improved. Further, the range of punching out the third concave surface 43d is limited to the range of the inner peripheral surface 42h and the straight region of the first annular portion 43 which is the extension of the peripheral wall of the work, and the curved surface region corresponding to the corner R surface 43c is punched. Therefore, the pocket shape can be prevented from collapsing. The depth G of the third concave surface 43d is set to 0.1 mm or more in order to secure a minimum amount of gap that can exert a low torque effect as an oil passage.

Further, when the first concave surface and the second concave surface are adopted, as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 22, the depth H of each of the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e is the width w/plate of the column portion 42. It is also preferable that the thickness t is set to satisfy the value ≧1.05. Here, the depth H of the 1st concave surface 42d and the 2nd concave surface 42e is the inflection point which connects the notch shape of the 1st concave surface 42d and the 2nd concave surface 42e, and the longitudinal direction center side of the column part 42 (FIG. 7 is indicated by a point Po2 in 7) in the circumferential direction. The width w of the column portion 42 is a linear distance connecting two points facing each other in the circumferential direction on the punching cross section on both sides in the circumferential direction of the column portion 42. The plate thickness t of the column portion 42 is a linear distance between two points facing each other in the radial direction on both plate surfaces forming the inner diameter surface and the outer diameter surface of the column portion 42. If the value of width w/plate thickness t of the column portion 42 is smaller than 1.05, the rigidity of the column roughing portion becomes insufficient during the pocket punching process, and the column roughing portion is twisted to deteriorate the quality of the finished product. However, if it is 1.05 or more, it is possible to prevent the column portion 42 from having an illegally twisted shape.

The cross section of the rightmost pillar portion 42 in FIG. 22 is a cross section taken along the line aa passing near the point Po2 in FIG. 7, and the cross section of the central pillar portion 42 in FIG. 22 is a cross section of the bb line, and the cross section of the column portion 42 on the leftmost side in FIG. 22 is a cross section of the cc line in FIG. 7. The depth H of the first concave surface 42d is set to the maximum value on the cross section of the line cc, and the maximum value is the width w of the column portion 42/the value of the plate thickness t=1.05. Has been decided. This is to obtain as large a gap as the oil flow path that can exert a low torque effect. The same applies to the second concave surface 42e. The depth H of each of the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e is basically larger than the contact position with the tapered roller set in the maximum convex amount portion 42f of the guide surface. This is to prevent the tapered rollers from coming into contact with the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e to reduce the sliding resistance between the column portion 42 and the tapered rollers, and to obtain the low torque effect accordingly. Therefore, the depths H of the first concave surface 42d and the second concave surface 42e may be set so as to reach the above-mentioned contact position at the minimum (the maximum depth in FIG. 22, which is a cross section taken along the line aa in FIG. 7). See the cross section of the right post 42.).

The embodiments disclosed this time are to be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined not by the above description but by the scope of the claims, and is intended to include meanings equivalent to the scope of the claims and all modifications within the scope.

10 Inner ring 11 Raceway surface 12 Small brim 13 Large brim 30 Tapered roller 31a Rolling surface central part 31b, 31c Crowning part 40, 60 Retainer 41, 61 Pocket 42, 50, 62, 70 Column part 42a Axial end 42b Axial direction Other end 42c, 51, 62a, 71 Guide surface 42d First concave surface 42e Second concave surface 42h Inner diameter surface 43, 43', 63, 63' First annular portion 43a, 43a', 63a, 63a' Pocket end surface 43b, 63b 3 concave surfaces 44, 64 second annular portion Dc convex amount g facing gap Lc length dimension Lr roller total length

Claims (9)

In the cage with the pockets for the tapered rollers,
A plurality of pillars separating the pockets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
A first annular portion continuous to one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions;
An outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion, and a second annular portion that is continuous with one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions and the other axial opposite end thereof;
The pillar portion is formed in a notch shape that is recessed in the circumferential direction from the guide surface between the guide surface that comes into contact with the tapered roller in the circumferential direction, and between the guide surface and one axial end of the pillar portion. 1 concave surface, and has a second concave surface formed in a notch shape recessed in the circumferential direction from the guide surface between the guide surface and the other axial end of the column portion,
The guide surface is formed in a smooth convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller,
The tapered roller has a central portion of a rolling surface formed in the central portion of the entire length of the roller with a generatrix straight, and a crowning portion formed so as to gradually reduce in diameter from the end of the central portion of the rolling surface. And
In the guide surface, a portion having the maximum amount of protrusion toward the center of the rolling surface is formed shorter in the roller length direction than the center of the rolling surface. Cage. The first annular portion has a pocket end surface that comes into axial contact with the tapered roller, and a third concave surface that is formed in a notch shape that is recessed in the axial direction from the pocket end surface,
The cage according to claim 1, wherein the third concave surface is arranged at a central portion in the circumferential direction between the column portions that are adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction. The said guide surface is the taper shape which has 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the said tapered roller on the plane orthogonal to the central axis of the said tapered roller. Cage. The depth of each of the first concave surface and the second concave surface is set so as to satisfy a value of the width/plate thickness of the column portion ≧1.05. The described cage. In the cage with the pockets for the tapered rollers,
A plurality of pillars separating the pockets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
A first annular portion continuous to one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions;
An outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion, and a second annular portion that is continuous with one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions and the other axial opposite end thereof;
The column portion has a guide surface in contact with the tapered roller in the circumferential direction,
The first annular portion has a pocket end surface that comes into axial contact with the tapered roller, and a third concave surface that is formed in a notch shape that is recessed in the axial direction from the pocket end surface,
The third concave surface is arranged at a central portion in the circumferential direction between the pillar portions adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
The guide surface is formed in a smooth convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller,
The tapered roller has a central portion of a rolling surface formed in the central portion of the entire length of the roller with a generatrix straight, and a crowning portion formed so as to gradually reduce in diameter from the end of the central portion of the rolling surface. And
In the guide surface, a portion having the maximum amount of protrusion toward the center of the rolling surface is formed shorter in the roller length direction than the center of the rolling surface. Cage. The column portion has an inner diameter surface along a conical shape,
The first annular portion has a corner R surface that is bent in a radial direction from a straight region that is flush with the inner diameter surface of the column portion,
The cage according to claim 2 or 5, wherein the depth of the third concave surface is 0.1 mm or more, and is set to a size such that the third concave surface stays in the straight region. In the cage with the pockets for the tapered rollers,
A plurality of pillars separating the pockets adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction,
A first annular portion continuous to one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions;
An outer diameter that is larger than the outer diameter of the first annular portion, and a second annular portion that is continuous with one axial end of the plurality of pillar portions and the other axial opposite end thereof;
The column portion has a guide surface in contact with the tapered roller in the circumferential direction,
The guide surface is tapered with a length dimension of 5% or more and 20% or less of the average diameter of the tapered roller on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the tapered roller,
The cage, wherein the guide surface is formed in a smoothly convex shape in the roller length direction of the tapered roller. The cage according to claim 1, wherein the maximum convex amount is 1 μm or more and 50 μm or less. An inner ring having a raceway surface, a small brim and a large brim,
The cage according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is provided,
A tapered roller bearing in which a radially opposed gap between the inner diameter of the first annular portion and the outer diameter of the small collar is 2% or less of the outer diameter dimension of the small collar.

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