JP2020084335A - Skin material - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a skin material of which designability is improved by expressing a crossing pattern appearing that concave grooves thee-dimensionally intersect with each other to add a new aesthetic appearance to a liner three-dimensional pattern.SOLUTION: A skin material has a concave liner three-dimensional pattern 11 made by concave deformation of a thermoplastic resin on a design surface 12. The linear three-dimensional pattern 11 has concave grooves 21 and 22 that intersect with each other, and is made by forming a cross pattern 111 including concave parts of a cross concave part 23 at which the concave grooves 21 and 22 overlap due to intersection of the concave grooves 21 and 22, a pair of connecting concave parts 211 and 212 of one concave groove 21 connecting to the cross concave part 23, and a pair of connecting concave parts 221 and 222 of the other concave groove 22 connecting to the cross concave part 23. A swollen part 241 that swells from inside of the cross pattern 111 toward the design surface 12 is formed at least one concave part constituting the cross pattern 111.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 10

Description

The present invention relates to a skin material, and more specifically, to a skin material that expresses an intersecting pattern in which intersecting concave grooves appear to intersect three-dimensionally, adds a new aesthetic to a linear three-dimensional pattern, and enhances the design. ..

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, a skin material is provided in an interior material of a vehicle or the like in order to improve designability.
As one of means for improving the design of such an interior material, a method of imparting cushioning property to the skin material is known. Various improvements are attempted to further improve the design. However, when the skin material has such cushioning properties, the cushioning properties are utilized to improve the designability. Attempts have been made to increase the degree of freedom in design by forming a three-dimensional pattern on the design surface of the skin material. For example, the skin material described in Patent Document 1 is known.

Such a skin material is generally formed by bonding a skin layer such as synthetic leather onto a resin layer having excellent cushioning properties. Regarding the method for manufacturing such a skin material, various improvements have been made in order to form a three-dimensional pattern that enhances the design property on a material having cushioning properties. For example, there is known a method of manufacturing a skin material in which a thermoplastic resin material is hot-pressed using a convex mold for embossing to form a concave portion on a design surface.

The present applicant discloses in Patent Document 1 a method for manufacturing a skin material when a three-dimensional knitted fabric is used for a cushion layer. That is, by changing the indentation depth of the convex shape at the time of hot pressing, concave deformation corresponding to the indentation depth is imparted to the cushion layer. By changing the concave depth of the concave deformation, it is possible to manufacture a skin material having a three-dimensional pattern with improved design. Further, the present applicant discloses in Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425 a method for manufacturing a skin material which has a three-dimensional pattern exhibiting a more excellent aesthetic appearance and has a very high degree of freedom in design.

JP, 2017-213865, A

In the invention of the manufacturing method described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425, the difference in repulsive force by the elastic mat according to the pressing depth of the convex mold is obtained by hot pressing the skin material between the convex mold and the elastic mat. To use. As a result, a process of making the concave depth of the concave shape strong or weak (that is, shallow) can be formed by one heating press, and a three-dimensional pattern having an excellent appearance can be easily expressed. Since the degree of freedom in design is greatly enhanced, the designability can be improved even if the three-dimensional pattern has a simple form derived from the linear groove.
However, in the embodiment of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425, as a three-dimensional pattern showing a design having an excellent appearance due to the strength of the recess depth (that is, the depth), a plurality of recess grooves having different recess depths are arranged in parallel. Only the design of a three-dimensional pattern provided on the surface (see FIG. 3) and the design of a three-dimensional pattern having a concave groove in which the concave depth of the bottom surface gradually changes along the longitudinal direction (see FIG. 6) are disclosed. There is an increasing expectation that the expression method that realizes such a delicate strength of the concave depth will be used to represent a shape having a new aesthetic appearance that has never existed before and to further enhance the design. A similar expectation holds for a simple linear three-dimensional pattern derived from the groove.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, in a skin material showing a concave linear three-dimensional pattern formed by concave deformation of a thermoplastic resin on the design surface, such that intersecting concave grooves are three-dimensionally intersected. The object is to provide a skin material that expresses a visible cross pattern, adds a new aesthetic to the linear three-dimensional pattern, and enhances the design.

The present invention is as shown below.
1. A skin material having a design surface showing a concave linear three-dimensional pattern formed by concave deformation of a thermoplastic resin, wherein the linear three-dimensional pattern has concave grooves intersecting with each other, and further, the intersection of the concave grooves. A cross pattern including cross recesses in which the recesses overlap, a pair of connection recesses of the one recess groove connected to the cross recess, and a pair of connection recesses of the other recess groove connected to the cross recess. A skin material, which is formed and has a bulge that bulges from the inside of the intersecting pattern toward the design surface side in at least one recess that forms the intersecting pattern.
2. One of the recessed grooves is a first recessed groove, the other of the recessed grooves is a second recessed groove, and the bulging portion is in a direction that interrupts the flow of the first recessed groove. 2 is provided along the flow direction of the concave groove in an elongated shape, and the contour of the edge portion of the first concave groove or the second concave groove is the top of the bulging portion or the edge portion. 2. The skin material according to 1 above, which has a width in the short-side direction that is raised through the skirt portion of the bulging portion that is continuous with.
3. The bulged portion is for bulging the contour of the edge portion of the first concave groove or the second concave groove through the top of the bulged portion that is continuous with the design surface, and the first concave portion A pair of second connecting recesses formed in the pair of first connecting recesses of the groove and facing each other through the intersecting recess and the second connecting recess of the second recessed groove respectively flow through the second recessed groove. The concave depth that is smoothly continuous along the pair of the first connecting concave portions has a concave depth different from the concave depth of the pair of second connecting concave portions. Skin material.
4. A plurality of the cross patterns are formed for the first concave groove and/or the second concave groove of a single shape, and the first concave groove and/or the second concave groove has a plurality of the cross grooves. Between one side crossing pattern and the other side crossing pattern adjacent to each other among the crossing patterns, the concave depth is gradually changed, and further, the first connection concave part in the one side crossing pattern is the deepest, Further, the first connection recess in the other side cross pattern is the shallowest, and the second connection recess in the one side cross pattern is the shallowest, and the second connection recess in the other side cross pattern Is the deepest, and the skin material according to the above 3, which has the respective concave depths.
5. 2. The skin material according to 2. above, wherein the bulging portion is formed at a bottom portion of one of the first and second concave grooves along the entire length of the concave groove. ..
6. The skin material is a cushion layer having a linear groove made of the thermoplastic resin on the surface on the design surface side, and the linear shape that is joined to the design surface side of the cushion layer and follows the concave shape of the linear groove. 6. The skin material according to any one of 1 to 5 above, which further comprises a skin layer showing a three-dimensional pattern on the design surface.
7. 7. The skin material according to the above 6, wherein the cushion layer is a three-dimensional knit.

1. Since the bulging portion that bulges from the inside of the cross pattern toward the side of the design surface is formed in the skin material of the present invention, the bulging portion that partially occupies the cross pattern in the cross pattern is on the front side. , And it seems that there is a height difference in the middle of one groove (or the other groove). That is, the groove appears to intersect three-dimensionally at the intersecting pattern portion, and the linear three-dimensional pattern forms a pattern that intersects three-dimensionally. Even if the flow of any one of the concave grooves (or the other concave groove) is interrupted at the cross-shaped portion due to the presence of the bulging portion, the linear three-dimensional pattern is essentially a continuous line pattern ( It is easy to be recognized as a groove. In this way, by expressing that a part of the intersecting pattern appears to be placed on the front side, and by utilizing the property of the linear pattern represented by the groove, the intersecting pattern that the intersecting groove looks like a three-dimensional intersection is expressed, A new aesthetic can be added to the linear three-dimensional pattern, and the design of the skin material can be improved.
2. In addition, the width of the elongated bulging portion in the lateral direction is such that the edge of the first groove or the second groove is mediated by the top of the bulging portion or the skirt of the bulging portion that is continuous with the edge portion. When formed to have a width suitable for embossing the contour of the part, the edge of the first groove (connecting recess) connected to the intersecting recess or the second groove (connecting recess) connecting to the intersecting recess The edge portion of is easily visible because it is arranged in front. The intersecting pattern of linear three-dimensional patterns can be made to appear more effectively as three-dimensional crossing.
3. Further, since the bulging portion is formed in the pair of first connection concave portions of the first concave groove, the contour of the end edge of the first concave groove or the edge portion of the second concave groove is more surely raised. To form a bulge suitable for. Furthermore, since the pair of first connection recesses and the pair of second connection recesses have different recess depths, a step is formed inside the cross pattern. The height difference between the first concave groove and the second concave groove is clarified, and the three-dimensionality of the linear three-dimensional pattern that intersects three-dimensionally is further enhanced.
4. In the one-sided cross pattern, when the first connection recess is the deepest and the second connection recess is the shallowest, the one-sided cross pattern more clearly shows that the first groove is below the second groove. It is expressed as diving. In the cross pattern on the other side, when the first connection recess is the shallowest and the second connection recess is the deepest, the cross pattern on the other side more clearly shows that the first groove is above the second groove. It is represented as riding up. In this way, the down and up phenomena of the first groove can be represented between the adjacent cross patterns. Therefore, a change in height difference can be newly added to the linear three-dimensional pattern, and the design of the skin material can be further improved.
5. When the bulging portion is a ridge formed on the bottom of either one of the first concave groove and the second concave groove, one concave groove is formed through the skirt of the bulging portion. A cross pattern suitable for embossing the contour of the edge of the is formed. Since the bulging portion extends beyond the area of the intersecting pattern, the contour of the edge portion of one groove is emphasized over the entire length of the groove. Therefore, the design of the three-dimensional cross pattern is further enhanced.
6. Since the skin material has the cushion layer, it is possible to easily give a three-dimensional property having a concave depth that is rich in depth variation to the linear three-dimensional pattern.
7. Since three-dimensional knitting has a rich cushioning property, it is possible to easily form a linear groove having a large depth change in the concave depth direction by changing the pushing depth of the binding yarn by thermal deformation of the thermoplastic resin fiber. .. Therefore, the design of the linear three-dimensional pattern appearing on the surface of the skin material is enhanced.

The present invention is further explained in the following detailed description with reference to the several drawings referred to, by way of non-limiting examples of typical embodiments according to the present invention, wherein like reference numerals are used in the drawings. Similar parts are shown through several figures.
It is a figure explaining the skin material of this embodiment. It is an enlarged view of the cross pattern of FIG. 1, and is a figure explaining a bulge part (form example 1). FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. It is a figure explaining the crossing pattern which has a bulge part (the example 2 of a form). FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV of FIG. 4. It is a figure explaining the crossing pattern which has a bulge part (the example 3 of a form). It is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method which concerns on the skin material of this embodiment. Similarly, it is a figure for demonstrating the manufacturing method which concerns on a skin material. It is a figure explaining the skin material of Example 1. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a cross pattern having a bulge portion according to the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the XI-XI cross section of FIG. It is a figure explaining the skin material of Example 2. It is a figure explaining the skin material of the modification of Example 2. It is a figure explaining the skin material of Example 3. It is a figure which shows the XV-XV cross section of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the skin material of other embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the skin material of other embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the skin material of other embodiment.

The matters shown here are for the purpose of exemplifying the exemplary embodiments and the embodiments of the present invention, and are the explanations that allow the principles and conceptual features of the present invention to be most effectively and effortlessly understood. It is mentioned for the purpose of providing what you think. In this respect, it is not intended to present the structural details of the invention more than to the extent necessary for a fundamental understanding of the invention, and the description taken in conjunction with the drawings may explain some aspects of the invention. It will be clear to those skilled in the art how it is actually implemented.

The skin material of the present embodiment is a skin material (1) in which a concave linear three-dimensional pattern (11) made of a thermoplastic resin is shown on the design surface (12), and the linear three-dimensional pattern (11) intersects with each other. Which has a concave groove (21, 22) which is formed, and which is further connected to the intersecting concave portion (23) where the concave groove (21, 22) overlaps with each other by the intersection of the concave grooves (21, 22), and the intersecting concave portion (23). Concave portions (21, 222) of the concave groove (21) and a pair of connecting concave portions (221, 222) of the other concave groove (22) connected to the cross concave portion (23). 212, 221, 222) is formed, and at least one recess forming the cross pattern (111) is located from the inside of the cross pattern (111) to the design surface (12) side. A bulging portion (24) bulging toward the side is formed (see FIGS. 1 to 3).

(1. Skin material)
The skin material of the present embodiment is, for example, for use as a structure bonded to a base material such as synthetic resin, metal, or wood by bonding, heat fusion, etc. It is used in fields related to skin materials in various industries such as vehicles, aircraft, ships, construction, and apparel. The skin material is used for decorating the surface of a door trim, a roof trim, a seat, etc., if it is used as an interior material for a vehicle, and its use is not particularly limited.

The skin material of the present embodiment has a concave linear three-dimensional pattern on the design surface.
The skin material is not particularly limited as long as it has flexibility for coating the base material and has a thickness suitable for forming a concave linear three-dimensional pattern, and includes a thermoplastic resin. From the viewpoint of the moldability of the concave shape, the thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited with respect to the form of plastic, fiber or the like, and the presence or absence of the property of having rubber elasticity, as long as it can be easily shaped by heating. As a preferable example of the thermoplastic resin, a foamed molded product having a thickness and flexibility can be mentioned. In addition, when the foamed molded product has cushioning properties, it is preferable in that it is possible to easily give the linear three-dimensional pattern a concave depth rich in depth change, and the degree of freedom in design is enhanced.

In addition, the skin material may have a multilayer structure including a cushion layer containing a thermoplastic resin and having a cushioning property, and a skin layer that is joined to the design surface side of the cushion layer and has a linear three-dimensional pattern on the design surface. Good. In this case, the material for forming the cushion layer is not particularly limited, and a known material exhibiting flexibility suitable for the skin material can be used, and it is molded with a typical thermoplastic resin such as polyurethane, polystyrene, or polyolefin. Foam molded articles can be mentioned. The material forming the skin layer is a sheet-like member made of polyvinyl chloride, plastic such as thermoplastic polyolefin, PVC leather, leather such as natural leather, moquette, jersey, tricot, woven fabric, non-woven fabric and the like. Is.

The skin material having a multilayer structure has a cushion layer having a linear groove made of a thermoplastic resin on the surface of the design surface side, and a linear three-dimensional pattern that is joined to the design surface side of the cushion layer and follows the concave shape of the linear groove. It is preferable to have a configuration including a skin layer represented on the design surface. In this case, since the skin material has the cushion layer, it is possible to easily give the linear three-dimensional pattern a three-dimensional property that represents the depth of the recess and is rich in depth. Furthermore, the layer that forms the linear groove is essentially a cushion layer, and the skin layer forms a linear three-dimensional pattern as a result of representing the shape that follows the linear groove of the cushion layer. That is, since the trace of the heat concave deformation of the cushion layer does not easily appear on the surface of the skin material, the design of the linear three-dimensional pattern is improved.

Furthermore, the cushion layer is more preferably a three-dimensional knit, and a skin material having such a cushion layer is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (JP-A-2017-213865) cited at the beginning.
Specifically, the three-dimensional knitted fabric may have a structure in which the front side knitted fabric and the back side knitted fabric are connected by a binding yarn. In this case, for example, at least a thermoplastic resin fiber is used for the binding yarn, and the binding yarn can be collapsed so that the thickness of the base fabric layer is reduced when forming the concave thermal deformation portion. .. As a result, the skin material has a three-dimensional property in which the linear three-dimensional pattern expresses the depth of the recess, which is richer in depth, and improves the design, as well as the added value of being able to obtain sufficient cushioning properties. Occurs. The three-dimensional knitting can be knitted by a knitting machine such as a double Russell knitting machine or a circular knitting machine.
When the skin material has a multi-layer structure, the skin material has a thickness of about 1 to 8 mm, the skin layer has a thickness of about 0.1 to 1.5 mm, and the cushion layer has a thickness of about 1 to 8 mm. It is commonly used. Further, the application of the skin material is not particularly limited, and it can be used as a structure bonded to a predetermined base material by bonding, heat fusion, or the like. Other functional layers such as a sound absorbing layer and an elastic layer may be interposed therebetween.

(2. Linear three-dimensional pattern)
The linear three-dimensional pattern according to the present embodiment represents a three-dimensional streak pattern on the design surface by the concave shape that is recessed toward the anti-design surface side, and is represented as an elongated groove. For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 is formed by a plurality of concave grooves, and the plurality of concave grooves 21, 22 and 201 to 204 intersect at at least one place. That is, the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 includes an intersecting recessed portion 23 in which both the first recessed grooves 21 and the other second recessed groove 22 overlap with each other by the intersection of the first recessed groove 21 and the other second recessed groove 22, and the first recessed groove 21 connected to the intersecting recessed portion 23. An intersecting pattern 111 including a pair of first connecting concave portions 211 and 212 and a pair of second connecting concave portions 221 and 222 of the second concave groove 22 connected to the intersecting concave portion 23, each concave portion 23, 211, 212, 221, 222. To form.

The concave groove is a groove-shaped pattern that forms a linear three-dimensional pattern. As a practical example of the concave groove alone, for example, the groove shown in the photograph of FIG. 8 of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425 and shown in FIG. 9 can be cited. The form of the concave groove alone according to the linear three-dimensional pattern of the present embodiment is, for example, one linear shape shown in FIG. 8 of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425, zigzag linear shape, or U shape shown in FIG. 9. In addition, it is not limited to a linear shape including a linear shape at least in part. For example, the form of the concave groove alone may be a curved line as a whole, or is not limited to a curved line with both ends open like a meandering river flow, but may be a streamline or a circular to elliptical shape. It may be a closed curved groove.
As an example, the groove according to the present embodiment has a groove width of about 5 to 20 mm and a recess depth of about 1 to 3.5 mm if it is the groove disclosed in FIG. 8 of Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425. Further, the form of the plurality of concave grooves alone may be different from each other. Further, the length of the concave groove is not particularly limited as long as it has a length such that an intersecting pattern can be recognized.

The cross pattern is a pattern of a portion where the grooves intersect in the linear three-dimensional pattern. The crossing pattern is such that the above-mentioned concave grooves intersect with each other and the respective concave grooves overlap each other, a pair of connecting concave portions facing each other along the flow of any one of the concave grooves via the crossing concave portion, and similarly the other concave groove. It is formed by a pair of connection recesses and a pair of recesses facing each other along the flow of the groove. The connection concave portion is a part of each concave groove which is arranged so as to be adjacent to the intersecting concave portion and connected to the intersecting concave portion in the entire length of each concave groove. The connection recess is a recess that can help to make the linear three-dimensional pattern appear to intersect three-dimensionally in the intersecting pattern. For example, as shown in FIG. 2 as a region surrounded by a chain double-dashed line with reference numeral 111 in FIG. Forming a substantially cross-shaped pattern.
The linear three-dimensional pattern of the present embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the concave groove having the above-described form alone has a form in which the concave pattern intersects with other concave grooves at at least one location to express the above-mentioned intersecting pattern. ..

(3. bulge)
The bulging portion is a portion that bulges from the inside of the cross pattern toward the design surface side. That is, the bulging portion is formed in at least one of the intersecting recess, the pair of connecting recesses on one side, and the pair of connecting recesses on the other side. The bulging portion may be, for example, in a form of bulging across two or more concave portions among the concave portions forming the cross pattern, or bulging from each concave portion separated via the cross concave portion. It may be in the form. That is, the position at which it is provided is not particularly limited as long as it has a form that swells from the inside of at least one of the recesses toward the design surface side.

(3-1. Swelling part: example 1 of form)
As the bulging portion, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, there is a form example 1 in which the bulging portion is substantially circular in a plan view and bulges in a mountain shape (see FIG. 3) in a cross-sectional view and is formed in a cross recess.
In this case, the bulging portion 24 is formed so as to bulge toward the design surface 12 inside the intersecting concave portion 23 in the intersecting pattern 111 where the first concave groove 21 and the second concave groove 22 intersect. .. In the area of the intersecting pattern 111, the bulging portion 24 that partially occupies the intersecting concave portion 23 seems to be in the front, and the first concave groove 21 (or the second concave groove 21) is formed depending on the angle at which the linear solid pattern 11 is visually recognized. 22) seems to have a height difference on the way. Moreover, even if the flow of the first groove (or the second groove) is interrupted at the portion of the cross pattern 111 due to the interposition of the bulging portion 24, the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 is essentially continuous. It has the property of being easily recognized as a line pattern (groove) that is formed. In this way, a part of the intersecting pattern 111 appears to be arranged on the front surface, and the nature of the continuous line pattern represented by the first groove 21 (or the second groove 22) is utilized to utilize the intersecting pattern 111. At the portion of the intersecting concave portion 23, exhibiting a three-dimensional cross pattern in which one first concave groove 21 (or the second concave groove 22) looks like overcoming the other second concave groove 22 (or the first concave groove 21). You can

(3-2. Bulging part: form example 2)
Further, as a second example of the bulging portion, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, for example, the bulging portion 24 includes a pair of connecting concave portions 211, 212 of one concave groove 21 of the concave grooves 21, 22. Further, an example can be given in which the pair of connection recesses 211 and 212 are formed so as to extend so as to project toward the center of the cross recess 23, respectively. In the example of FIG. 4, the cross recess 23 and the pair of connection recesses 221 and 222 of the other recess groove 22 facing each other through the cross recess 23 smoothly move along the flow F2 of the other recess groove 22, respectively. It has a continuous recess depth D2. Further, the one concave groove 21 has a concave depth D1 along the flow F1 that is shallower than the concave depth D2 of the other concave groove 22, and the pair of connecting concave portions 211 and 212 are also concave. It is formed to a depth D1.
Specifically, the ends of one of the connection recesses 211 and 212 facing each other through the intersecting recess 23 are along the flow F1 of the one recess groove 21 and are substantially central portions in the groove width direction of the connection recesses 211 and 212. Are abutted against each other, and projecting portions 211s and 212s are formed in the area of the cross recess 23 so as to project a pair of mountain-shaped tops. Further, the intersecting recessed portion 23 forms the remaining constricted portion 23s of the overhanging portions 211s and 212s.

One pair of connection recesses 211 and 212 and each of the protrusions 211 s and 212 s protruding to the intersection recess 23 with the same recess depth D 1 as the pair of connection recesses 211 and 212 are stepped from the bottom surface of the intersection recess 23. d12 is formed relatively high, and the bulging portion 24 is the recess itself on the relatively high side, and only the step d12 from the bottom surface of the intersecting recess (constricted portion 23s) toward the design surface 12 side. It is formed so as to expand. In the cross pattern 111, the bulging portion 24 composed of the above-mentioned concave portions partially occupying the cross pattern 111 seems to be in front, and one concave groove 21 is higher in the middle (higher than the other concave groove 22). It looks like Further, due to the presence of the bulging portion 24, even if the flow F1 of the one concave groove 21 is interrupted at the portion of the cross pattern 111, the one concave groove 21 forming the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 is originally formed. In addition, there is a property that it is easily recognized as a continuous line pattern (groove). In this way, by utilizing the fact that a part of the cross pattern 111 appears to be arranged in front and the nature of the continuous line pattern represented by the one concave groove 21, the shallow concave groove 21 is formed in the cross pattern 111. It is possible to effectively represent a three-dimensional intersection pattern that seems to get over the deep groove 22.

When the recess depth D1 of the one pair of connection recesses 211 and 212 is deeper than the recess depth D2 of the other pair of connection recesses 221, 222, the three-dimensional cross pattern can be similarly expressed. In this case, the recesses of the other pair of connection recesses 221, 222 and the constricted portion 23s of the cross recess 23 having the same recess depth D2 as the pair of connection recesses 221, 222 are the one pair of connection recesses 211. A bulging portion 24 that bulges from the bottom surface of the 212, 212 toward the design surface 12 by a step is formed. The bulging portion 24 occupying each recess of the other pair of connection recesses 221 and 222 and the constricted portion 23s is on the design surface side of the pair of connection recesses 211 and 212 and the overhanging portions 211s and 212s, and the other The concave grooves 22 appear to be continuous. Therefore, it is possible to represent a three-dimensional intersection pattern in which the other shallower groove 22 appears to ride over the one groove 21.

(3-3. Bulging part: form example 3)
Further, as the bulging portion of the third embodiment, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the bulging portions 24a, 24a, 24b are in the direction of blocking the flow F1 of the first concave groove 21, and the second concave groove 22. Of the first recessed groove 21 or the second recessed groove 22 in the lateral direction W1, W2, W3 of the bulged portions 24a, 24a, 24b. , 224, the contours of the bulging portions 24a, 24a, 24b or the skirts 247 of the bulging portions continuous with the respective edge portions 214, 224 are the widths to be raised. it can.

As a specific first example, the bulged portions 24a and 24a shown in FIG. 6 are provided inside the regions of the pair of first connection concave portions 211 and 212 and the cross concave portion 23. The elongated shape of the bulging portion may be a substantially oval shape on the left side in the drawing (width W1 in the lateral direction) or a substantially rectangular shape on the right side in the drawing (width W2 in the lateral direction). A pair of bulges 24a, 24a are provided at positions that trace the edges 211e, 212e (shown by the dotted line in FIG. 6) of the first connection recesses 211, 212, and the edges 211e, 212e They are formed to have the same length.
In this case, the bulging portions 24a, 24a can project the contour of the edge portion 214 of the first groove 21 via the top portion 246 and the edge portions of the first connecting recesses 211, 212. Alternatively, the bulging portions 24a, 24a may be formed so that the contour of the edge portion 224 of the second groove 22 is protruded through the top portion 246 and the edge portions of the second connection recesses 221, 222.

As a second specific example, the bulging portion 24b shown in FIG. 6 is inside the area of each recess formed by the pair of second connection recesses 221 and 222 and the intersecting recess 23, and is substantially the central portion in the groove width direction. Is provided in a rectangular shape with a large aspect ratio, and the length of the bulging portion 24b in the longitudinal direction is formed so as to extend across the respective recesses of the second connecting recesses 221 and 222 and the intersecting recess 23. ing.
In this case, the bulging portion 24b can be formed so that the contour of the edge portion 224 of the second concave groove 22 is protruded through the skirt portion 247 and the edge portions of the second connecting concave portions 221 and 222.
In this way, the contour of the edge 214 of the first groove 21 or the edge 224 of the second groove 22 is formed so as to be protruded, so that one of the protruded grooves is arranged on the front side. Moreover, it becomes easy to be visually recognized. Therefore, it is possible to express a three-dimensional cross pattern in which one of the recessed grooves, which appears to be overriding the other recessed groove.

(4. Method for manufacturing skin material)
The manufacturing method for forming a linear three-dimensional pattern representing the cross pattern on the skin material is not particularly limited, and a typical manufacturing method such as heating and pressing while using an embossing roll machine equipped with an embossing die can be adopted. .
Here, in particular, when the skin material is provided with an elastic cushion layer, it becomes difficult to form the above-described cross pattern. Even if the skin material material is pressed by the embossing type, it is difficult to perform embossing for sufficiently transferring the fine irregularities along the embossing type surface due to the compression recovery force due to the elasticity of the cushion layer. Therefore, by manufacturing by the manufacturing method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425 described at the beginning, concave grooves having different concave depths can be provided by one-time pressurization, or a concave portion having an intersecting pattern where the concave grooves intersect can be further formed. It is possible to form a fine concavo-convex pattern in which a bulge portion is provided. A specific manufacturing method is disclosed in the patent document, but a method for manufacturing a skin material using a three-dimensional knitted fabric as a cushion layer will be briefly described below.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the material 6 is placed on the elastic mat 50 of the embossing machine 5 in the mold open state so that the base fabric layer 63 is on the elastic mat 50 side, and is embossed in the direction of the pedestal 7. The mold 8 is lowered. Each of the pressing ribs 9a to 9c of the embossing die 8 has a vertical cross section along the illustrated depth direction, and the pressing rib 9b extends along the flow F2 of the concave groove 22 of the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shown in FIG. It extends in the depth direction of the paper (not shown). When the pressing ribs 9a to 9c are pressed, the material 6 is heated and pressed between the embossing die 8 and the elastic mat 50 as shown in FIG. By pressing the skin layer 64, the first concave groove 21 (first connecting concave portion 211) having the same concave depth D1 as the first concave groove 21, and the intersecting concave portion 23 having the same concave depth D2 as the second concave groove 22. , The first concave groove 21 (first connection concave portion 212) (hereinafter, in the description of the manufacturing method, each of these concave portions is also simply referred to as “each shallow concave portion”) is formed (see FIG. 11 ).

During the hot pressing, the pressing ribs 9a to 9c of the elastic mat 50 whose protruding end is in a natural state (that is, unloaded state) in a state where the surface 8a of the embossing die 8 is separated from the surface of the material 6. It is located closer to the back surface than the surface height H and presses the front surface side of the material 6. At this time, depending on the different pressing heights (that is, the pressing amounts) of the pressing ribs 9a to 9c of the embossing die 8, a difference occurs in the repulsive force by the elastic mat 50, and an appropriate pressing force is applied to the material 6. Then, the binding yarn 131c falls down, the base fabric layer 63 of the material 6 is formed as the cushion layer 13, and the linear groove 131d formed of the concave thermal deformation portion is formed, and the skin layer 64 of the material 6 is linear. By following the concave shape of the groove 131d, a plurality of the respective shallow recesses are formed in the skin layer 14 of the skin material 1.
Each of the shallow recesses has a bottom surface 14a and side surfaces 14b rising from both side edges of the bottom surface 14a in a vertical cross section along the depth direction of the skin material 1 (see FIG. 11). These both side surfaces 14b are formed in a curved shape such that they gradually separate from each other toward the opening side of each shallow recess. In addition, as an example, in the vertical cross section of the skin material, the difference between the recess depths of the adjacent recess grooves is about 0.5 to 3 mm.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(A1) Example 1
The skin material 1 of Example 1 has the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shown in FIG. 9, and the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shows the design surface 12 of the skin material 1 in the figure from the upper left corner to the lower right corner. There are three first recessed grooves 21 that run in the direction and three second recessed grooves 22 that run in a substantially vertical direction in a curved shape of the left opening. The second groove 22 has the same groove width as the first groove 21. The linear three-dimensional pattern 11 forms a pattern in which two lower first grooves 21 and two right two second grooves 22 intersect each other at two locations. Furthermore, in the linear three-dimensional pattern 11, the remaining first concave groove 21 intersects with the second concave groove 22 at one location, and represents a total of five intersecting patterns.
10 and 11 are views for explaining the cross pattern 111 surrounded by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 9 among the above five cross patterns, and as shown in the figure, the cross pattern 111 includes the first and second concave grooves. Due to the intersection of the two recesses 21,22, a cross recess 23 in which the two recesses 21 and 22 overlap each other, a pair of first connection recesses 211,212 of the first recess 21 connected to the cross recess 23, and a second recess connected to the cross recess 23. The groove 22 includes the recesses of the pair of second connection recesses 221 and 222.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 11, each second groove 22 of the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 according to the skin material 1 of Example 1 has the same recess depth D2 over the entire length. The first concave groove 21 has the same concave depth D1 over the entire length. That is, in the cross pattern 111, the cross recess 23 and the pair of second connecting recesses 221 and 222 of the second recess 22 that face each other via the cross recess 23 are smoothly moved along the flow F2 of the second recess 22. Has a continuous depth D2. On the other hand, the pair of first connection recesses 211 and 212 has a recess depth D1 different from the recess depth D2 of the pair of second connection recesses 221 and 222. Therefore, the first recessed groove 21 continuous with the pair of shallower first connection recesses 211 and 212 is arranged in front of the second recessed groove 22 continuous with the pair of deeper second connection recesses 221 and 222. It is easier to see.

Here, the bulging portions 241 and 241 of the skin material 1 of Example 1 are provided in a slender shape along the flow F2 of the second concave groove 22 in a direction that blocks the flow F1 of the first concave groove 21. ing. That is, the bulging portions 241 and 241 are respectively formed in pairs at positions that are close to the end edges 211e and 212e of the pair of first connecting concave portions 211 and 212 among the concave portions that form the cross pattern 111, From the inside of each first connection recess 211, 212 toward the design surface 12 side, it is provided in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape with rounded corners in a plan view. The lengths of the long sides of the bulging portions 241 and 241 are the lengths corresponding to the lengths of the edges 211e and 212e of the first connection recesses 211 and 212, and the lengths of the short sides (width W in the lateral direction) are , The width of the second groove 22 having the same width as that of the first groove 21 is about ⅓, and the zenith surface of the apex 246 is formed so as to be flush with the design surface 12. ing. In this way, the bulging portions 241 and 241 form bulges suitable for embossing the contour of the edge portion 214 of the first groove 21 via the top portion 246.

Further, the skin material 1 is adhered to the cushion layer 13 having the linear groove 131d made of a thermoplastic resin on the surface of the design surface side 12S and the design surface side 12S of the cushion layer 13 with an adhesive to form the linear groove 131d. A skin layer 14 that represents a linear three-dimensional pattern 11 that follows a concave shape on a design surface 12. The cushion layer 13 is made of a three-dimensional knit.
The cushion layer 13 has a thickness of about 4 mm. The skin layer 14 has a thickness of about 0.4 mm. The three-dimensional knit (cushion layer 13) is knitted using a double Russell knitting machine (or circular knitting machine). This three-dimensional knitted fabric has a structure in which the front side knitted fabric and the back side knitted fabric are connected by a binding yarn 131c. The constituent yarn of this front side knitted fabric is polyester resin fiber, and the thickness thereof is about 0.4 mm. The constituent yarns of the back knitted fabric are polyester resin fibers, and the thickness thereof is about 0.4 mm. Furthermore, the binding yarn 131c is a polyester resin fiber. In the skin material 1 of Example 1, the width of each groove (the length in the longitudinal direction of the bulging portion) is about 2 to 20 mm, preferably about 3 to 10 mm. The width W of the bulging portion in the lateral direction is about 1 to 8 mm, preferably about 2 to 5 mm.

(A2) Effects of Example 1 In the skin material 1 of Example 1, the pair of bulging portions 241 and 241 are elongated rectangular parallelepiped-shaped on the end edges 211e and 212e of the respective first connecting concave portions 211 and 212 of the cross pattern 111. And the width W in the widthwise direction is formed to be a width suitable for embossing the contour of the edge portion 214 of the first groove 21 through the top portion 246 of the bulging portion 24 (FIG. 6). In other words, the pair of bulging portions 241 and 241 form a bulge suitable for embossing the contour of the edge portion 214 via the end edges 211e and 212e of the first connection recessed portions 211 and 212, and the first recessed groove. 21 becomes easy to be visually recognized as if it is arranged in front. Further, since the recess depth D1 of the pair of first connection recesses 211 and 212 is different from the recess depth D2 of the intersecting recess 23 and the pair of second connection recesses 221 and 222, a step d12 is generated in the intersecting recess 23. The height difference between the shallow first groove 21 and the deep second groove 22 can be seen more clearly. Therefore, a three-dimensional intersection in which the shallow first groove 21 crosses over the deep second groove 22 and intersects can be more effectively shown in the cross pattern 111.

In the first embodiment, the intersecting recess 23 and the pair of second connecting recesses 221 and 222 that are smoothly continuous along the flow of the second recess 22 have the recess depth D2, and the recess depth D2 is The case where the depth is deeper than the recess depth D1 of the pair of first connection recesses 211 and 212 has been described, but the depth may be reversed. In this case, the pair of shallower (D2) second connection recesses 221 and 222 are more likely to be located in front of the pair of deeper (D1) first connection recesses 211 and 212. The pair of bulges 241 and 241 form bulges suitable for embossing the contours of the edges of the second connection recesses 221 and 222, and the contours of the edges 224 of the second groove 22 are emphasized. The second concave groove 22 is more visible than the first concave groove 21 so as to be located in front of the first concave groove 21.

In addition, as a theory of recognition and beliefs through human eyes, two overlapping figures have a property that a smaller area is closer to the front, and a linear figure has a property of being easily recognized in a continuous straight line. It is known. In the first embodiment, the pair of bulging portions 241 and 241 (small area) formed in the first connection concave portions 211 and 212, which are part of the cross pattern 111 (large area), appear to be arranged on the front surface. Further, by utilizing the property of the continuous line pattern represented by the first concave groove 21 (or the other concave groove 22), the edges 211e and 212e of the first connecting concave portions 211 and 212 (of the second connecting concave portions 221 and 222). In the region of (extension of the edge portion), the first recessed groove 21 (or the second recessed groove 22) effectively represents a three-dimensional cross pattern that seems to get over the second recessed groove 22 (or the first recessed groove 21). be able to.

Further, in the present Example 1, since the skin material 1 has the cushion layer 13, the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 can easily express a three-dimensional concave shape that is rich in depth variation. Further, the layer forming the linear groove 131d is essentially the cushion layer 13, and the skin layer 14 has a shape that follows the linear groove 131d of the cushion layer 13, and as a result, forms the linear three-dimensional pattern 11. Since the traces of heat and pressure such as shininess formed as a result of thermal deformation of the thermoplastic resin are suppressed from appearing on the design surface 12, the design of the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 is enhanced.

(B1) Example 2
The skin material 1 of Example 2 has the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shown in FIG. 12, and each crossed pattern 111 at five locations is supplemented with white circles or black circles, and as shown in the drawing, each first concave portion. The grooves 21 are different in that the cross patterns 111 adjacent to each other along the flow F1 of the first concave groove 21 have different concave depths D1s and D1d. In addition, the second concave groove 22 is different in that the adjacent cross patterns 111 along the flow F2 of the second concave groove 22 have different concave depths D2s and D2d. White circles indicate the shallowest concave depth, and black circles indicate the deepest concave depth.

Specifically, the cross patterns 111a and 111b are formed at two locations with respect to the single first groove 21, and the first groove 21 is along the flow F1 of the first groove 21. The concave depth is gradually changed between the adjacent one-sided cross pattern 111a and the other-sided cross pattern 111b. In the first groove 21, the pair of first connection concave portions 211a and 212a in the one-sided cross pattern 111a is the shallowest D1s, and the pair of first connection concaved portions 211b and 212b in the other-side crossing pattern 111b is the deepest. It is gradually changed to have a concave depth of D1d. Moreover, in the second concave groove 22, the pair of second connection concave portions 221a, 222a in the one-side intersecting pattern 111a has the deepest depth D2d, and the pair of second connecting concave portions 221b, 222b in the other-side intersecting pattern 111b, It has each concave depth which is the shallowest D2s.
Further, the cross patterns 111a and 111c are also formed in at least two places even with respect to the single second groove 22 like the first groove 21, and the second groove 22 has the second groove 22. The concave depth is gradually changed between the one-sided intersecting pattern 111a and the other-side intersecting pattern 111c which are adjacent to each other along the flow F2 of the groove 22. In the second groove 22, the pair of second connecting recesses 221a, 222a in the one-side intersecting pattern 111a has the deepest D2d, and the second connecting recesses 221c, 222c in the other-side intersecting pattern 111c have the shallowest D2s. It is gradually changed to have a concave depth. Moreover, in the first concave groove 21, the pair of first connecting concave portions 211a and 212a in the one-side intersecting pattern 111a is the shallowest D1s, and the pair of first connecting concave portions 211c and 212c in the other-side intersecting pattern 111c are formed. , The deepest D1d, respectively.
A method for forming a groove having such a gradually changing concave depth is described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-145425 [0043], and a groove having a gradually changing concave depth is (D1d to D1s). Alternatively, it can be formed using an embossed shape (38) having an inclined surface (corresponding to D2d to D2s) and is specifically disclosed in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 of the application.

Further, the bulging portion of the skin material 1 of the second embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment in that a pair of bulging portions is formed in one of the pair of connecting concave portions of the concave portions forming the cross pattern 111, but the concave groove is formed. The pattern is different in that it is formed alternately in each of the adjacent cross patterns along the flow of No. 1 in either one of the pair of connecting recesses of the one groove or the pair of connecting recesses of the other groove.
Specifically, of the one-side cross pattern 111a and the other-side cross pattern 111b that are adjacent to each other along the flow of the first groove 21, the one-side cross pattern 111a has a pair of bulges 242a and 242a. In the other side cross pattern 111b, the bulging portions 242b, 242b are formed in the first connection concave portions 211a, 212a, and are formed in the pair of second connection concave portions 221b, 222b. That is, the formation positions of the bulging portions are alternately formed in the first connection concave portion or the second connection concave portion 22 in the one side cross pattern and the other side cross pattern.

(B2) Effect of Example 2 In the skin material of Example 2, in the one-side cross pattern 111a, the first connection recesses 211a and 212a have the shallowest D1s and the second connection recesses 221a and 222a have the deepest D2d. The one-sided intersecting pattern 111a is more clearly represented so that the second groove 22 dives under the first groove 21. Moreover, since the bulging portions 242a and 242a are formed in the first connecting concave portions 211a and 212a, the contours of the edges of the first connecting concave portions 211a and 212a are provided so as to rise and swell, and the first concave groove and the first concave groove are formed. 2 The height difference between the grooves is clearly shown.
Further, in the other-side cross pattern 111b, when the first connection concave portions 211b and 212b are the deepest D1d and the second connection concave portions 221b and 222b are the shallowest D2s, the other-side cross pattern 111b is more clearly defined as the first cross pattern. The groove 21 is shown as submerged below the second groove 22. Moreover, since the bulging portions 242b and 242b are formed in the second connecting concave portions 221b and 222b, the contours of the end edges of the second connecting concave portions 221b and 222b are provided so as to rise and swell, and the first concave groove and the first concave groove are formed. 2 The height difference between the grooves is clearly shown.
In this way, between the adjacent cross patterns 111a and 111b, or between the adjacent cross patterns 111a and 111c, similarly, the first concave groove 21 is formed along the flow of the first and second double concave grooves 21 and 22. Can be represented as up and down phenomena. Thereby, a change in height difference can be newly given to the linear three-dimensional pattern 11, and the designability of the skin material 1 is further enhanced.

(B3) Example 2 Modification of Example Further, as a modification of Example 2, the skin material 1 may have the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shown in FIG. 13. The first groove 21 and the second groove 22 are formed so as to intersect each other in a chain shape while meandering in an S shape, and a plurality of intersecting patterns 111 are formed along the chain connecting portion. There is.
In the skin material of the modified example, in the one-sided intersecting pattern 111a of the chain-shaped linear three-dimensional pattern 11, the first connection concave portions 211a and 212a are the deepest D1d and the second connection concave portions 221a and 221a, as in the second embodiment. 222a is the shallowest D2s, and bulges 242a and 242a are formed in the first connection recesses 211a and 212a. Further, in the other side cross pattern 111b, the first connection concave portions 211b and 212b are the shallowest D1s, the second connection concave portions 221b and 222b are the deepest D2d, and the bulging portions 242b and 242b are the second connection concave portions. It is formed in 221b and 222b.
Thus, the up and down phenomenon of the first groove 21 and the second groove 21 between the adjacent cross patterns 111a and 111b along the flows F1 and F2 of the first and second groove 21 and 22. In addition, the chain pattern can be newly added to the linear pattern of the linear three-dimensional pattern 11, and the design of the skin material 1 can be further enhanced.

(C1) Example 3
The skin material 1 of Example 3 has the linear three-dimensional pattern 11 shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, and the first groove 21 and the second groove 22 have the same recess depth D. Different from Examples 1 and 2. In addition, the bulging portion 243 is formed at the bottom of the second groove 22 along the entire length of the one second groove 22 of the first groove or the second groove. Different from the first and second embodiments.
The bulging portion 224 is for bulging the contour of the edge portion 224 of the second recessed groove 22 through the skirt portion 247 of the bulging portion 243 that is continuous with the edge portion 224. It is different in that it is formed in the bottom portion 223 of the second concave groove 22 including the concave portions 221 and 222. That is, the bulging portion 243 is different in that it extends beyond the cross pattern 111 and extends along the entire length of the second groove 22.

The form of the bulging portion 243 is a ridge that rises from the bottom portion 223 of the second concave groove 22 toward the design surface 12 side, and each of the intersecting concave portion 23 and the second connecting concave portions 221 and 222 included in the intersecting pattern 111. A bulge is also formed at the bottom of the recess. The bulging portion 243 is formed such that the length of the ridge is the entire length of the second concave groove 22 and the height of the apex 246 thereof is about half the concave depth D of the second concave groove. Has been done. The bulging portion 243 bulges toward the design surface 12 side from the bottom portion 223 at the position of the center portion in the groove width direction of the second concave groove 22, and the width W in the widthwise direction is 1 of the width of the second concave groove 22. It is formed with a width of about /2. The width W in the lateral direction is formed to be a width suitable for the bulging portion 243 to have a convex shape that is gently continuous from the top portion 246 to the both edge portions 224 and 224 of the second groove 22 via the skirt portion 247. ing. That is, the bulging portion 243 forms a bulge suitable for embossing the contour of the edge portion 224 of the second groove 22.

(C2) Effect of Embodiment 3 Since the bulging portion 243 is a ridge formed on the bottom portion 223 of the intersecting concave portion 23 and the second connecting concave portions 221, 222, it is formed at a substantially central portion in the groove width direction. A bulge suitable for embossing the contour of the edge 224 of the second groove 22 can be formed in the cross pattern 111 through the skirt 247 of the bulge 243. Moreover, since the bulging portion 243 is extended along the second concave groove 22 beyond the cross pattern 111, the contours of both edge portions 224 and 224 of the second concave groove 22 are set in the area of the cross pattern 111. You can emphasize over the entire length without stopping. This further enhances the design of the three-dimensional cross pattern.

The above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. While the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments and examples, it is understood that the language used in the description and illustration of the invention is explanatory and exemplary rather than limiting. To be done. Changes may be made, within the purview and scope of the appended claims, as described in detail herein and without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention. Although specific structures, materials and examples have been referred to herein for the purpose of describing the invention, it is not intended that the invention be limited to the disclosure herein, but rather the invention should be construed in the appended claims. It shall cover all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses within the scope.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in detail above, and various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the claims of the present invention. As a reference example of the cushion layer, for example, a fabric such as a woven fabric or a non-woven fabric, a foamed sheet, or the like can be given. A schematic diagram in this case is shown in FIG. 16 (for the foamed sheet 131e) and FIG. 17 (for the nonwoven fabric 131f). 16 and 17 are sectional views corresponding to the shape of FIG. 11 of this embodiment. Also in these, all the explanations (including the drawings) other than the application of the foamed sheet or the non-woven fabric instead of the three-dimensional knitting shall be applied to the foamed sheet or the non-woven fabric, and further the woven fabric and the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 18 as well, the case where the skin material is formed by not only the multilayer structure including the cushion layer but also the resin layer single layer 131R can be mentioned. Also in these cases, as in the case of having a cushion layer, it is possible to provide a skin material having an excellent aesthetic appearance and having a three-dimensional design composed of a three-dimensional pattern composed of concave portions and having a very high degree of design freedom, It is possible to obtain the same effect as the three-dimensional knitting.

1: Skin material 11: Linear three-dimensional pattern 12: Design surface 13: Cushion layer 14: Skin layers 21, 22: Recessed groove (first recessed groove, second recessed groove)
23: Cross recesses 24, 24a, 24b, 241, 242, 242a, 242b, 243: Bulging parts 111, 111a, 111b, 111c: Cross pattern (cross pattern on one side, cross pattern on the other side)
211, 211a, 211b, 211c, 212, 212a, 212b, 212c: connection recess (first connection recess)
221, 221a, 221b, 221c, 222, 222a, 222b, 222c: connection recess (second connection recess)

Claims (7)

A skin material that shows a concave linear three-dimensional pattern formed by concave deformation of a thermoplastic resin on a design surface,
The linear three-dimensional pattern has concave grooves intersecting each other, further,
Cross recesses in which the recess grooves overlap by crossing the recess grooves, a pair of connection recesses of the one recess groove connected to the cross recess and each recess of a pair of connection recesses of the other recess groove connected to the cross recess. Forming a cross pattern including
A skin material, wherein a bulge that swells from the inside of the intersecting pattern toward the design surface side is formed in at least one recess forming the intersecting pattern. One of the grooves is a first groove,
The other groove is a second groove,
The bulging portion is provided in an elongated shape along a direction of blocking the flow of the first groove, and along the flow direction of the second groove, and
A width in the lateral direction in which the contour of the edge of the first groove or the second groove is raised through the top of the bulge or the skirt of the bulge that is continuous with the edge. The skin material according to claim 1, which comprises: The bulged portion is for bulging the contour of the edge portion of the first concave groove or the second concave groove through the top of the bulged portion that is continuous with the design surface, and the first concave portion A pair is formed in the pair of first connection recesses of the groove,
The intersecting recesses and the pair of second connecting recesses of the second recesses facing each other through the intersecting recesses each have a recess depth that smoothly continues along the flow of the second recesses. ,
The skin material according to claim 2, wherein the pair of first connection recesses has a recess depth different from the recess depths of the pair of second connection recesses. The intersecting pattern is formed in a plurality with respect to the single concave groove and/or the second concave groove,
The first groove and/or the second groove,
Between the one side crossing pattern and the other side crossing pattern adjacent to each other among the plurality of crossing patterns, the concave depth is gradually changed, and further,
The first connecting recess in the one-sided cross pattern is the deepest, and the first connecting recess in the other-sided cross pattern is the shallowest, and
The skin according to claim 3, wherein each of the second connection recesses in the one-sided cross pattern has the shallowest depth, and the second connection recessed in the other-side crossing pattern has the deepest depth. Material. The said bulging part consists of a convex line formed in the bottom part of one said concave groove over the whole length of the concave groove of any one of the said 1st concave groove or the said 2nd concave groove. Skin material. The skin material is a cushion layer having a linear groove made of the thermoplastic resin on the surface on the design surface side, and the linear shape that is joined to the design surface side of the cushion layer and follows the concave shape of the linear groove. The skin material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a skin layer having a three-dimensional pattern on the design surface. The skin material according to claim 6, wherein the cushion layer is made of a three-dimensional knit.

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