JP2020076136A

JP2020076136A - Copper-iron alloy, and manufacturing method thereof

Info

Publication number: JP2020076136A
Application number: JP2018211313A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 久雄若海; Hisao Wakaumi; 秀世小柴; Hideyo Koshiba; 昌柞朴; Chang Zuo Park
Original assignee: Cfa Global Co Ltd; Cfa Japan Co Ltd; DOTETSU GOKIN KK
Current assignee: Cfa Global Co Ltd; Cfa Japan Co Ltd; DOTETSU GOKIN KK
Priority date: 2018-11-09
Filing date: 2018-11-09
Publication date: 2020-05-21

Abstract

To provide a copper-iron alloy forgeable and rollable or the like, containing iron and copper at an optional ratio; and to provide a manufacturing method thereof.SOLUTION: A copper-iron alloy contains copper as much as 10.0-97.0 vol.%, and iron as much as 3.0-90.0 vol.%, and has a linear structure containing a plurality of linear parts in parallel with both cross sections, when observing visually each image having a magnification of 200 by an optical microscope of a cross section cut out in parallel with a rolling direction and a cross section cut out vertically thereto.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

本発明は、銅と鉄を含む銅鉄合金に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a copper-iron alloy containing copper and iron.

銅と鉄とを含む銅鉄合金を製造するための様々な試みは、以前からなされている。例えば、特許文献１（特開２０１３−２３７８８７号公報）には、気孔の混入を低減し、高品質な鋳塊を得ることができる銅鉄合金の製造方法が提案されている。特許文献２（特開２０１５−９３３１１号公報）には、銅の基質中に鉄を含む晶体粒片を分散させた銅鉄ニューセラミックであるＣＦＡ（Ｃｕ−ＦｅＡｌｌｏｙ）からなる共晶銅鉄合金の製造方法が提案されている。 Various attempts have been made to produce copper-iron alloys containing copper and iron. For example, Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2013-237887) proposes a method for producing a copper-iron alloy that can reduce the inclusion of pores and obtain a high-quality ingot. Patent Document 2 (JP-A-2005-93311) discloses a eutectic copper-iron alloy made of CFA (Cu-Fe Alloy), which is a copper-iron new ceramic in which crystal grain fragments containing iron are dispersed in a copper substrate. Has been proposed.

特開２０１３−２３７８８７号公報JP, 2013-237887, A 特開２０１５−９３３１１号公報JP, 2005-93311, A

しかしながら、従来の技術で製造された銅鉄合金は、鉄の比率が２．７容量％以上になると、鍛造及び圧延等の加工ができなくなり、例えば、圧延加工の際には割れを生じる。そこで、本発明は、鉄及び銅が任意の割合で、鍛造及び圧延等の加工ができる銅鉄合金、及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 However, in the copper-iron alloy produced by the conventional technique, when the iron ratio is 2.7% by volume or more, the processes such as forging and rolling cannot be performed, and for example, cracking occurs during rolling. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a copper-iron alloy that can be processed such as forging and rolling at an arbitrary ratio of iron and copper, and a manufacturing method thereof.

以上の目的を達成するために、本発明者らは、鋭意研究を重ね、本発明に至った。すなわち、本発明の銅鉄合金は、銅を１０．０〜９７．０容量％、及び鉄を３．０〜９０．０容量％含み、圧延方向に平行に切り出した断面及び垂直に切り出した断面の光学顕微鏡による倍率２００倍の画像を目視で観察すると両断面共に平行する複数の線状部を含む線状構造である。 In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have earnestly conducted research and arrived at the present invention. That is, the copper-iron alloy of the present invention contains 10.0 to 97.0% by volume of copper and 3.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron, and has a cross section cut parallel to the rolling direction and a cross section cut perpendicularly. When an image with a magnification of 200 is visually observed with the optical microscope, it is a linear structure including a plurality of linear portions parallel to each other in both cross sections.

また、本発明の銅鉄合金の製造方法は、銅及び鉄を含む母合金と、銅又は鉄とを溶融する工程を備える。 Further, the method for producing a copper-iron alloy of the present invention includes a step of melting a mother alloy containing copper and iron and copper or iron.

以上のように、本発明によれば、鉄及び銅が任意の割合で、鍛造及び圧延等の加工ができる銅鉄合金、及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a copper-iron alloy in which iron and copper can be processed at a desired ratio such as forging and rolling, and a manufacturing method thereof.

図１は、実施例１に係る銅鉄合金を鋳造し圧延した圧延材であり、図中の矢印は顕微鏡で観察を行うための試験片を切り出した方向を示す。FIG. 1 is a rolled material obtained by casting and rolling the copper-iron alloy according to Example 1, and the arrow in the drawing indicates the direction in which a test piece for observation with a microscope is cut out. 図２は、圧延方向に垂直に切り出された圧延材を光学顕微鏡を用いて２００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 2 is a photograph of a rolled material cut out perpendicularly to the rolling direction, taken at 200 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material and etching. 図３は、圧延方向に垂直に切り出された圧延材を光学顕微鏡を用いて１０００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 3 is a photograph of a rolled material cut out perpendicularly to the rolling direction taken at 1000 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material and etching. 図４は、圧延方向に平行に切り出された圧延材を光学顕微鏡を用いて２００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 4 is a photograph of a rolled material cut out in parallel with the rolling direction taken at 200 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material and etching. 図５は、圧延方向に平行に切り出された圧延材を光学顕微鏡を用いて１０００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した圧延材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 5 is a photograph of a rolled material cut in parallel to the rolling direction, taken at 1000 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut rolled material and etching. 図６は、比較例１に係る銅鉄合金の鋳造材であり、図中の矢印は顕微鏡で観察を行うための試験片を切り出した方向を示す。FIG. 6 is a cast material of a copper-iron alloy according to Comparative Example 1, and the arrow in the figure indicates the direction in which a test piece for observing with a microscope is cut out. 図７は、長手方向に垂直に切り出された鋳造材を光学顕微鏡を用いて２００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 7 is a photograph of a cast material cut out perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction taken at 200 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cut cross section of the cast material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut cast material and etching. 図８は、長手方向に垂直に切り出された鋳造材を光学顕微鏡を用いて１０００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 8 is a photograph of a cast material cut out perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction taken at 1000 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cut cross section of the cast material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut cast material and etching. 図９は、長手方向に平行に切り出された鋳造材を光学顕微鏡を用いて２００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 9 is a photograph of a cast material cut out in parallel with the longitudinal direction taken at 200 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cut cross section of the cast material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut cast material and etching. 図１０は、長手方向に平行に切り出された鋳造材を光学顕微鏡を用いて１０００倍で撮影した写真である。左は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨して撮影した写真、右は切り出した鋳造材の断面を研磨し、エッチング処理して撮影した写真である。FIG. 10 is a photograph of a cast material cut in parallel with the longitudinal direction taken at 1000 times with an optical microscope. The left is a photograph taken by polishing the cut cross section of the cast material, and the right is a photograph taken by polishing the cross section of the cut cast material and etching. 図１１は、本発明に係る銅鉄合金を含む誘導モータの回転子用筒材を使用して構成した回転子の概念図である。FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a rotor configured by using the rotor tubular member of the induction motor including the copper-iron alloy according to the present invention.

《銅鉄合金》
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、銅を１０．０〜９７．０容量％、及び鉄を３．０〜９０．０容量％、好ましくは銅を１０．０〜９６．０容量％、及び鉄を４．０〜９０．０容量％、より好ましくは銅を１０．０〜９５．０容量％、及び鉄を５．０〜９０．０容量％、更に好ましくは銅を１０．０〜９４．０容量％、及び鉄を６．０〜９０．０容量％、特に好ましくは銅を１０．０〜９３．０容量％、及び鉄を７．０〜９０．０容量％である。銅と鉄の割合は、銅鉄合金の用途によって決めることができる。例えば、銅を多く含ませることにより、銅のより高い特性を合金に付与することができる。銅の特性としては、例えば、高導電率、高熱伝導率、及び抗菌性である。また、鉄を多く含ませることにより、鉄のより高い特性を合金に付与することができる。鉄の特性としては、例えば、高硬度、高引張強度、磁性、酸素吸着性、及び可撓性（弾性）である。《Copper iron alloy》
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention contains 10.0 to 97.0% by volume of copper, 3.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron, and preferably 10.0 to 96.0% by volume of copper, and iron. Of 4.0 to 90.0% by volume, more preferably 10.0 to 95.0% by volume of copper, and 5.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron, and further preferably 10.0 to 94.% of copper. 0% by volume and 6.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron, particularly preferably 10.0 to 93.0% by volume of copper and 7.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron. The ratio of copper to iron can be determined by the application of the copper-iron alloy. For example, the higher copper content may impart to the alloy the higher properties of copper. The properties of copper are, for example, high conductivity, high thermal conductivity, and antibacterial property. Further, by including a large amount of iron, it is possible to give the alloy higher properties of iron. The characteristics of iron are, for example, high hardness, high tensile strength, magnetism, oxygen adsorption, and flexibility (elasticity).

圧延された本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、圧延方向に平行に切り出した断面及び垂直に切り出した断面の光学顕微鏡による倍率２００倍の画像を目視で観察すると両断面共に平行する複数の線状部を含む線状構造である。図２及び図４に示されるように、複数の線は、同一方向に交差することなく概ね平行している。また、図３及び図５に示されるように、圧延方向に平行に切り出した断面及び垂直に切り出した断面の光学顕微鏡による倍率１０００倍の画像を目視で観察すると色の濃い不定形領域が点在している。 The rolled copper-iron alloy according to the present invention has a plurality of linear portions that are parallel to each other when visually observing images of a cross section cut parallel to the rolling direction and a cross section cut perpendicularly with an optical microscope at a magnification of 200 times. It is a linear structure including. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the lines are substantially parallel without intersecting in the same direction. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, when visually observing an image of a cross section cut in parallel to the rolling direction and a cross section cut in the vertical direction with an optical microscope at a magnification of 1000, irregular regions having a dark color are scattered. is doing.

本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、どのような形状に加工されていてもよく、例えば、スラブ、ビレット、粉末状、線状、板状でもよい。形状は、用途に応じて決定することができる。 The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention may be processed into any shape, and may be, for example, a slab, billet, powder, wire, or plate. The shape can be determined according to the application.

本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、用途にもよるが、導電率が５〜９２％［ＩＡＣＳ単位］、引張強度が３００〜２５００Ｎ／ｍｍ^２、及び熱伝導率が３４０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ以下であることが好ましい。 The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention has an electrical conductivity of 5 to 92% [IACS unit], a tensile strength of 300 to 2500 N / mm ² , and a thermal conductivity of 340 W / m · K or less, depending on the application. Preferably.

《銅鉄合金の製造方法》
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、例えば、以下のような第１の方法又は第２の方法によって製造することができる。 << Copper-iron alloy manufacturing method >>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be manufactured, for example, by the following first method or second method.

〈第１の方法〉
第１の方法においては、本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、銅及び鉄を含む母合金と、銅又は鉄とを溶融して製造することができる。 <First method>
In the first method, the copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be manufactured by melting a mother alloy containing copper and iron and copper or iron.

母合金は、銅及び鉄を加熱して溶湯とし、溶湯を冷却して得るのが好ましい。銅と鉄の比率は、銅１００容量部に対して、鉄が、好ましくは２０〜５００容量部、より好ましくは５０〜２００容量部である。母合金は、実質的に銅と鉄のみからなるのが好ましい。 The mother alloy is preferably obtained by heating copper and iron into a molten metal and then cooling the molten metal. The ratio of copper to iron is preferably 20 to 500 parts by volume, and more preferably 50 to 200 parts by volume, with respect to 100 parts by volume of copper. The mother alloy preferably consists essentially of copper and iron.

母合金の原料である銅と鉄は、合金の状態図に従って加熱される。また、銅と鉄が均一に加熱されるようにするのが好ましい。加熱して得られた溶湯は、室温下で自然冷却させることが好ましい。例えば、溶湯を、直接型枠に鋳込み、放置する。 The raw materials for the master alloy, copper and iron, are heated according to the alloy phase diagram. Further, it is preferable that the copper and iron are uniformly heated. The molten metal obtained by heating is preferably allowed to cool naturally at room temperature. For example, the molten metal is directly cast into a mold and left to stand.

得られた母合金と、銅又は鉄とを溶融する。好ましくは、母合金と銅とを溶融する。母合金と共に加熱される銅又は鉄の量は、最終的に得られる銅鉄合金の銅鉄比率を考慮して決定することができる。 The obtained master alloy and copper or iron are melted. Preferably, the master alloy and copper are melted. The amount of copper or iron heated with the mother alloy can be determined in consideration of the copper-iron ratio of the finally obtained copper-iron alloy.

母合金に銅又は鉄を加え加熱するが、銅又は鉄以外にその他の金属を加えてもよい。しかし、実質的に母合金と銅又は鉄のみからなる原材料を加熱するのが好ましい。原材料は合金の状態図に従って加熱するのが好ましい。加熱溶融した後、冷却する。冷却は、ゆっくり行うことが好ましい。例えば、室温下で自然冷却する。母合金を用いて銅鉄合金を製造する場合、ゆっくり冷却することができ、急速に冷却する必要が無い。以上のようにして、鉄の含有率が高く、加工性に優れた従来存在しない銅鉄合金、特に銅と鉄の二元合金を製造することができる。 Copper or iron is added to the mother alloy and heated, but other metals may be added in addition to copper or iron. However, it is preferred to heat a raw material consisting essentially of the master alloy and copper or iron. The raw materials are preferably heated according to the alloy phase diagram. After melting by heating, it is cooled. Cooling is preferably performed slowly. For example, it is naturally cooled at room temperature. When a copper-iron alloy is manufactured using a mother alloy, it can be cooled slowly and does not need to be cooled rapidly. As described above, a copper-iron alloy having a high iron content and excellent workability, which has not existed in the past, particularly a binary alloy of copper and iron can be manufactured.

〈第２の方法〉
第２の方法においては、まず、鉄、銅、及びコバルトを含む原料を誘導加熱炉内で溶解する。誘導加熱炉は、高周波誘導炉であることが好ましい。 <Second method>
In the second method, first, a raw material containing iron, copper, and cobalt is melted in an induction heating furnace. The induction heating furnace is preferably a high frequency induction furnace.

原料は、鉄、銅、及びコバルトを含み、鉄と銅は、好ましくは６０：４０〜４０：６０、より好ましくは５５：４５〜４５：５５の容量比である。鉄を分散させる観点から、コバルトが鉄と銅の合計に対して０．０００１〜０．００２０容量％、好ましくは０．０００５〜０．００１５容量％、更に好ましくは０．００１０容量％である。 The raw material contains iron, copper, and cobalt, and iron and copper have a volume ratio of preferably 60:40 to 40:60, more preferably 55:45 to 45:55. From the viewpoint of dispersing iron, cobalt is 0.0001 to 0.0020% by volume, preferably 0.0005 to 0.0015% by volume, and more preferably 0.0010% by volume with respect to the total of iron and copper.

原料は、誘導加熱炉内で状態図に従って好ましくは１４００℃〜１５５０℃、より好ましくは１４５０℃〜１５００℃となるように加熱される。これにより原料が溶けて溶湯となる。 The raw material is heated in an induction heating furnace according to a phase diagram so as to be preferably 1400 ° C to 1550 ° C, more preferably 1450 ° C to 1500 ° C. As a result, the raw materials are melted and become molten metal.

次に、原料が溶解した溶湯を鋳型に注湯する。第２の方法においては、溶湯を磁場の中に置き振動を与えればよいが、注湯中に溶湯を磁場の中に置き振動を与えるのが好ましい。磁場は平均磁束密度１２００〜２３００ガウス、振動は２０〜１５０Ｈｚである。例えば、電磁コイルが巻かれた、耐熱セラミックと鉄系金属とからなる複層管に溶湯を流すことにより、溶湯を磁場の中に置くことができる。また、低周波発生器を用いて溶湯に振動を与えることができる。磁場の中で振動を与えることにより、銅と鉄の粒子の粒界エネルギーの変化が起こり、銅と鉄とが均一に混ざるものと考えられる。以上のようにして、鉄の含有率が高く、加工性に優れた従来存在しない銅鉄合金を製造することができる。 Next, the molten metal in which the raw materials are melted is poured into a mold. In the second method, the molten metal may be placed in a magnetic field and vibrated, but it is preferable that the molten metal be placed in a magnetic field during pouring and vibrated. The magnetic field has an average magnetic flux density of 1200 to 2300 gauss, and the vibration has a frequency of 20 to 150 Hz. For example, the molten metal can be placed in a magnetic field by flowing the molten metal through a multi-layer tube made of a heat-resistant ceramic and an iron-based metal around which an electromagnetic coil is wound. Further, it is possible to apply a vibration to the molten metal by using a low frequency generator. It is considered that when the vibration is applied in the magnetic field, the grain boundary energies of the copper and iron particles are changed, and the copper and iron are uniformly mixed. As described above, a copper-iron alloy having a high iron content and excellent workability, which has not existed in the past, can be manufactured.

本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、例えば以下のような用途がある。 The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention has the following applications, for example.

＜回転子用筒材＞
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、誘導モータの回転子用筒材として用いることができる。銅による導電体としての性質と、鉄による磁性体として性質を併せ持っているため、磁性体（鉄系の物質）で形成した部材を使用することなく単一の材料（銅鉄合金のみ）で製造することが可能となり、加工も極めて簡単に行うことができる。 <Cylinder material for rotor>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be used as a tubular member for a rotor of an induction motor. Manufactured from a single material (copper iron alloy only) without using a member made of a magnetic material (iron-based material) because it has both the properties of copper as a conductor and the properties of iron as a magnetic material. It is possible to process, and processing can be performed very easily.

また、磁性体で形成した部材を使用した場合に比べて格段に軽量化されるとともに、導電率が高いことから電気抵抗による熱損失が小さく、動作性に優れたものとなる。例えば、俊敏な立ち上がりと俊敏な停止が可能なものとなる。 Further, compared with the case where a member made of a magnetic material is used, the weight is remarkably reduced, and since the electric conductivity is high, the heat loss due to the electric resistance is small and the operability is excellent. For example, it enables agile rising and agile stopping.

更に、銅と鉄の比率、及び厚み寸法を調整することにより、トルクやスピードなどの設計仕様を実現することができる。 Furthermore, design specifications such as torque and speed can be realized by adjusting the ratio of copper and iron and the thickness dimension.

図１１は、本発明に係る銅鉄合金を用いた誘導モータの回転子用筒材を使用して構成した回転子の概念図である。回転子用筒材１の両底部開口には、回転軸３の支持板２が取り付けられ、回転子用筒材１の両底部にはこの支持板２を介して回転軸３が取り付けられている。 FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram of a rotor configured by using the rotor tubular member of the induction motor using the copper-iron alloy according to the present invention. The support plates 2 of the rotary shaft 3 are attached to both bottom openings of the rotor cylinder 1, and the rotary shaft 3 is attached to both bottoms of the rotor cylinder 1 via the support plates 2. ..

回転子用筒材１は周壁には、両底部開口の縁辺１１から間隔を空けた部位に端部を有する有底の溝１２の複数が周方向に等間隔で設けられている。そして、両底部開口の縁辺１１と複数の溝１２の端部短辺の間の部分がなす環状帯部１３の一組が、各溝の長辺の間の部分がなす直状帯部１４の複数で接続された形状となっている。 A plurality of bottomed grooves 12 having ends at intervals from the edges 11 of the bottom openings are provided on the circumferential wall of the rotor tubular member 1 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A pair of annular strips 13 formed by the portions between the edges 11 of the bottom openings and the short sides of the ends of the plurality of grooves 12 is a straight strip 14 formed by the portions between the long sides of each groove. The shape is such that a plurality of them are connected.

また、この実施形態において、回転子用筒材１の周壁に設けられる溝１２は、両底部開口の縁辺１１に対し傾斜したものとなっているが、その傾斜角度に制限はなく、使用状況を考慮し適宜決めることができる。例えば、両底部開口の縁辺１１に直交させてもよい。 In addition, in this embodiment, the groove 12 provided in the peripheral wall of the rotor tubular material 1 is inclined with respect to the edge 11 of both bottom openings, but the inclination angle is not limited, and the use condition is not limited. It can be appropriately determined in consideration. For example, you may make it orthogonal to the edge 11 of both bottom opening.

＜板材＞
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、板材として用いることができる。銅鉄合金の銅と鉄との比率は、用途に応じて適宜変化させればよい。例えば、導電率の高い高導電性板材とする場合は、銅を９０．０〜９７．０容量％、及び鉄を３．０．０〜１０．０容量％とすればよい。導電率は、好ましくは２０〜９２％［ＩＡＣＳ単位］、より好ましくは６０〜９２％［ＩＡＣＳ単位］とすることができる。 <Plate material>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be used as a plate material. The ratio of copper to iron in the copper-iron alloy may be appropriately changed depending on the application. For example, in the case of a highly conductive plate material having high conductivity, copper may be 90.0 to 97.0% by volume and iron may be 3.0 to 10.0% by volume. The electrical conductivity can be preferably 20 to 92% [IACS unit], more preferably 60 to 92% [IACS unit].

また、例えば、引張強度の高い高強度板材とする場合は、銅を１０．０〜７０．０容量％、及び鉄を３０．０〜９０．０容量％とすればよい。引張強度は、６００〜１０００Ｎ／ｍｍ^２とすることができ、銅鉄合金の加工処理（減面率）によっては１０００〜２０００Ｎ／ｍｍ^２とすることができる。 Further, for example, in the case of a high-strength plate material having high tensile strength, copper may be 10.0 to 70.0% by volume and iron may be 30.0 to 90.0% by volume. The tensile strength can be 600 to 1000 N / mm ^2, and can be 1000 to 2000 N / mm ² depending on the processing treatment (area reduction rate) of the copper-iron alloy.

銅鉄合金からなる板材は、放熱材、電磁波シールド、抗菌材、殺菌材、高強度材、及び高導電性材などとして用いることができる。 The plate material made of a copper-iron alloy can be used as a heat dissipation material, an electromagnetic wave shield, an antibacterial material, a bactericidal material, a high strength material, a highly conductive material and the like.

＜線材＞
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、線材として用いることができる。銅鉄合金の銅と鉄との比率は、用途に応じて適宜変化させればよい。例えば、導電率の高い高導電性線材とする場合は、銅を９０．０〜９７．０容量％、及び鉄を３．０．０〜１０．０容量％とすればよい。導電率は、好ましくは２０〜９２％［ＩＡＣＳ単位］、より好ましくは６０〜９２％［ＩＡＣＳ単位］とすることができる。 <Wire material>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be used as a wire rod. The ratio of copper to iron in the copper-iron alloy may be appropriately changed depending on the application. For example, in the case of a high-conductivity wire having high conductivity, copper may be 90.0 to 97.0% by volume and iron may be 3.0 to 10.0% by volume. The electrical conductivity can be preferably 20 to 92% [IACS unit], more preferably 60 to 92% [IACS unit].

また、例えば、引張強度の高い高強度線材とする場合は、銅を１０．０〜７０．０容量％、及び鉄を３０．０〜９０．０容量％とすればよい。引張強度は、６００〜１０００Ｎ／ｍｍ^２とすることができ、銅鉄合金の加工処理（減面率）によっては１０００〜２０００Ｎ／ｍｍ^２とすることができる。 Further, for example, in the case of a high-strength wire having high tensile strength, copper may be 10.0 to 70.0% by volume and iron may be 30.0 to 90.0% by volume. The tensile strength can be 600 to 1000 N / mm ^2, and can be 1000 to 2000 N / mm ² depending on the processing treatment (area reduction rate) of the copper-iron alloy.

銅鉄合金からなる線材は、オーディオのケーブルの心線、イヤホンのケーブルの心線、モータの巻き線（マグネットワイヤ）、シールド用編組線、ベリリウム銅線の代替品、及びＥＤＭ（放電加工ワイヤ）などに用いることができる。オーディオのケーブルやイヤホンのケーブルに用いられると、音質が大きく向上し、音域も広がり、外部雑音が大きくても音が良く聞こえる。モータの巻き線（マグネットワイヤ）やシールド用編組線に用いられると、断線や電気伝導度の大幅な低下が防げ、また引張強度が高いので巻数を増やせる。 Wires made of copper-iron alloy are audio cable cores, earphone cable cores, motor windings (magnet wires), shield braids, beryllium copper wire substitutes, and EDM (electric discharge machining wires). It can be used for When used as an audio cable or earphone cable, the sound quality is greatly improved, the range is expanded, and the sound can be heard well even if external noise is large. When used in a motor winding (magnet wire) or a braided wire for shielding, it is possible to prevent disconnection and a large decrease in electrical conductivity, and since the tensile strength is high, the number of windings can be increased.

＜放電加工用電極＞
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、放電加工用電極の材料として用いることができる。この場合、銅鉄合金は、好ましくは銅を２０．０〜９５．０容量％、及び鉄を５．０〜８０．０容量％含み、より好ましくは銅を２０．０〜７０．０容量％、及び鉄を３０．０〜８０．０容量％含む。 <Electric discharge machining electrode>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be used as a material for an electric discharge machining electrode. In this case, the copper-iron alloy preferably contains 20.0 to 95.0% by volume of copper and 5.0 to 80.0% by volume of iron, and more preferably 20.0 to 70.0% by volume of copper. , And 30.0 to 80.0% by volume of iron.

本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、銅の熱伝導率と鉄の磁気特性、強度特性を併せ持ち、形彫り放電加工の加工速度を上げることができる。純銅の熱伝導率は約４００Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ（３００℃）であり高いが、純鉄の熱伝導率は約８０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ（３００℃）であり低い。この純銅と純鉄を合金化すると、熱伝導率は純銅の値よりも下がる。純銅よりも熱伝導率が低い銅鉄合金を電極に用いることにより、電極へのエネルギー配分が減り、工作物側へ流れ込むエネルギーが増え、工作物の加工速度（ｍｇ／ｓ）が増加するものと考えられる。 The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention has both the thermal conductivity of copper and the magnetic properties and strength properties of iron, and can increase the machining speed of die-sinking electric discharge machining. The thermal conductivity of pure copper is about 400 W / m · K (300 ° C), which is high, whereas the thermal conductivity of pure iron is about 80 W / m · K (300 ° C), which is low. When this pure copper and pure iron are alloyed, the thermal conductivity is lower than that of pure copper. By using a copper-iron alloy having a lower thermal conductivity than pure copper for the electrode, the energy distribution to the electrode is reduced, the energy flowing into the workpiece is increased, and the machining speed (mg / s) of the workpiece is increased. Conceivable.

銅鉄合金は、合金中に銅を含むので熱伝導率が高くなる。熱伝導率は、好ましくは３４０Ｗ／ｍ・Ｋ（３００℃）以下である。 The copper-iron alloy has high thermal conductivity because it contains copper. The thermal conductivity is preferably 340 W / m · K (300 ° C) or less.

＜溶接棒用心線＞
本発明に係る銅鉄合金は、溶接棒（被覆アーク溶接棒）の心線として用いることができる。溶接棒は、心線に被覆剤（フラックス）が塗布されている。心線に用いられる銅鉄合金は、好ましくは銅を５０．０〜７０．０容量％、及び鉄を３０．０〜５０．０容量％含む。 <Welding rod core wire>
The copper-iron alloy according to the present invention can be used as a core wire of a welding rod (coated arc welding rod). A coating material (flux) is applied to the core wire of the welding rod. The copper-iron alloy used for the core wire preferably contains 50.0 to 70.0% by volume of copper and 30.0 to 50.0% by volume of iron.

銅を含む銅系合金と鋼やステンレスなどの鉄を含む鉄系合金との溶接を、本発明に係る銅鉄合金からなる心線を備える溶接棒を用いて容易に行うことができる。 The welding of the copper-based alloy containing copper and the iron-based alloy containing iron such as steel or stainless steel can be easily performed using the welding rod provided with the core wire made of the copper-iron alloy according to the present invention.

溶接棒の心線の直径は用途に応じて適宜決定すればよいが、例えば０．０３〜０．５ｍｍとすることができる。 The diameter of the core wire of the welding rod may be appropriately determined according to the application, but can be, for example, 0.03 to 0.5 mm.

＜その他＞
コネクター及びリードフレームの材料；電磁調理器及び一般炊飯器の筐体部の材料；ベリリウム銅の代替品；ＩＣタグ、磁気センサ、及び磁気メモリの素材；３Ｄプリンターのターゲット材；樹脂、プラスチック、及び塗料などに混合するフィラー、モータの軸受及び自動車のブレーキパッドの材料；並びに、蒸着、スパッタリング及び接着材料などの用途がある。 <Other>
Material of connector and lead frame; Material of housing part of electromagnetic cooker and general rice cooker; Substitute for beryllium copper; Material of IC tag, magnetic sensor and magnetic memory; Target material of 3D printer; Resin, plastic, and There are applications such as fillers mixed in paints and the like, materials for motor bearings and automobile brake pads; and vapor deposition, sputtering and adhesive materials.

［実施例１］
銅（電線用純銅）質量３５ｋｇと鉄（ＪＦＥスティール社製純鉄）質量３５ｋｇを秤量したのちに、７０ｋｇの容量の高周波誘導炉へ投入して１５００℃で加熱して完全溶解を行った。これを型枠へ流し込んで室温になるまで自然冷却し母合金のインゴットを鋳造した。 [Example 1]
After weighing 35 kg of copper (pure copper for electric wire) and 35 kg of iron (pure iron manufactured by JFE Steel Co., Ltd.), the mixture was put into a high-frequency induction furnace having a capacity of 70 kg and heated at 1500 ° C. for complete melting. This was poured into a mold and naturally cooled to room temperature to cast a master alloy ingot.

銅９０容量％、鉄１０容量％になるように母合金のインゴットと銅（固体）とを混合し、１２５０〜１３００℃に加熱溶融して銅希釈を行った後、厚み１０ｍｍのスラブに鋳造して実施例１に係る銅鉄合金を得た。 A master alloy ingot and copper (solid) were mixed so that the copper content was 90% by volume and the iron content was 10% by volume, and the mixture was heated and melted at 1250 to 1300 ° C to dilute the copper, and then cast into a slab having a thickness of 10 mm. A copper-iron alloy according to Example 1 was obtained.

［実施例２］
銅８０容量％、鉄２０容量％となるように銅希釈した以外は実施例１と同様にして実施例２に係る銅鉄合金を得た。 [Example 2]
A copper-iron alloy according to Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copper was diluted to 80% by volume of copper and 20% by volume of iron.

［実施例３］
銅７０容量％、鉄３０容量％となるように銅希釈した以外は実施例１と同様にして実施例３に係る銅鉄合金を得た。 [Example 3]
A copper-iron alloy according to Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copper was diluted to 70% by volume of copper and 30% by volume of iron.

［比較例１］
市販の鋳造銅鉄合金（ＳＩＲＵＩ社製）を比較例１に係る銅鉄合金として用いた。 [Comparative Example 1]
A commercially available cast copper-iron alloy (manufactured by SIRUI) was used as the copper-iron alloy according to Comparative Example 1.

《実験例１》
＜構造解析１＞
実施例１で得られた銅鉄合金を圧延して、図１の写真に示す銅鉄合金の圧延材（板材）を得た。実施例１で得られた銅鉄合金は圧延しても割れが殆ど生じず、容易に圧延材を製造することができた。この圧延材の圧延方向から垂直に切り出した試験片Ａ及び圧延方向から平行に切り出した試験片Ｂを得た。 << Experimental Example 1 >>
<Structural analysis 1>
The copper iron alloy obtained in Example 1 was rolled to obtain a rolled material (plate material) of the copper iron alloy shown in the photograph of FIG. The copper-iron alloy obtained in Example 1 hardly cracked even when rolled, and a rolled material could be easily manufactured. A test piece A cut out vertically from the rolling direction of this rolled material and a test piece B cut out parallel to the rolling direction were obtained.

試験片Ａについて、切り出し断面を研磨した試験片Ａ１、及び切り出し断面を研磨しエッチング処理した試験片Ａ２をそれぞれ準備し、光学顕微鏡（エピフォトＴＭＥ３００，ニコン社製）を用いて、倍率２００倍で写真を撮影した。試験片Ａ１の写真を図２の左に、試験片Ａ２の写真を図２の右に示す。 As for the test piece A, a test piece A1 having a cut out cross section polished and a test piece A2 having a cut out cross section polished and etched were prepared, and photographed with an optical microscope (Epiphoto TME300, manufactured by Nikon Corporation) at a magnification of 200 times. Was taken. A photograph of the test piece A1 is shown on the left of FIG. 2, and a photograph of the test piece A2 is shown on the right of FIG.

光学顕微鏡の倍率を１０００倍とした以外は同様にして、写真を撮影した。試験片Ａ１の写真を図３の左に、試験片Ａ２の写真を図３の右に示す。 A photograph was taken in the same manner except that the magnification of the optical microscope was 1000 times. A photograph of the test piece A1 is shown on the left of FIG. 3, and a photograph of the test piece A2 is shown on the right of FIG.

試験片Ｂについて、切り出し断面を研磨した試験片Ｂ１、及び切り出し断面を研磨しエッチング処理した試験片Ｂ２をそれぞれ準備し、光学顕微鏡（エピフォトＴＭＥ３００，ニコン社製）を用いて、倍率２００倍で写真を撮影した。試験片Ｂ１の写真を図４の左に、試験片Ｂ２の写真を図４の右に示す。 As for the test piece B, a test piece B1 having a cut out cross section polished and a test piece B2 having a cut out cross section polished and etched were prepared, and photographed at a magnification of 200 times using an optical microscope (Epiphoto TME300, manufactured by Nikon Corporation). Was taken. A photograph of the test piece B1 is shown on the left of FIG. 4, and a photograph of the test piece B2 is shown on the right of FIG.

光学顕微鏡の倍率を１０００倍とした以外は同様にして、写真を撮影した。試験片Ｂ１の写真を図５の左に、試験片Ｂ２の写真を図５の右に示す。 A photograph was taken in the same manner except that the magnification of the optical microscope was 1000 times. A photograph of the test piece B1 is shown on the left of FIG. 5, and a photograph of the test piece B2 is shown on the right of FIG.

＜構造解析２＞
比較例１の銅鉄合金の鋳造材は図６に示すように、円柱形状であった。この円柱形状の鋳造材を円柱の高さ方向（長手方向）から垂直に切り出した試験片Ｃ及び長手方向から平行に切り出した試験片Ｄを得た。 <Structural analysis 2>
The cast material of the copper-iron alloy of Comparative Example 1 had a columnar shape as shown in FIG. A test piece C obtained by vertically cutting out the columnar cast material from the height direction (longitudinal direction) of the column and a test piece D obtained by cutting out parallel to the longitudinal direction are obtained.

試験片Ｃについて、切り出し断面を研磨した試験片Ｃ１、及び切り出し断面を研磨しエッチング処理した試験片Ｃ２をそれぞれ準備し、光学顕微鏡（エピフォトＴＭＥ３００，ニコン社製）を用いて、倍率２００倍で写真を撮影した。試験片Ｃ１の写真を図７の左に、試験片Ｃ２の写真を図７の右に示す。 As for the test piece C, a test piece C1 having a cut-out cross section polished and a test piece C2 having a cut-out cross section polished and etched were prepared, and photographed at a magnification of 200 using an optical microscope (Epiphoto TME300, manufactured by Nikon Corporation). Was taken. A photograph of the test piece C1 is shown on the left of FIG. 7, and a photograph of the test piece C2 is shown on the right of FIG.

光学顕微鏡の倍率を１０００倍とした以外は同様にして、写真を撮影した。試験片Ｃ１の写真を図８の左に、試験片Ｃ２の写真を図８の右に示す。 A photograph was taken in the same manner except that the magnification of the optical microscope was 1000 times. A photograph of the test piece C1 is shown on the left of FIG. 8, and a photograph of the test piece C2 is shown on the right of FIG.

試験片Ｄについて、切り出し断面を研磨した試験片Ｄ１、及び切り出し断面を研磨しエッチング処理した試験片Ｄ２をそれぞれ準備し、光学顕微鏡（エピフォトＴＭＥ３００，ニコン社製）を用いて、倍率２００倍で写真を撮影した。試験片Ｄ１の写真を図９の左に、試験片Ｄ２の写真を図９の右に示す。 As for the test piece D, a test piece D1 having a cut out cross section polished and a test piece D2 having a cut out cross section polished and etched were prepared, and photographed at a magnification of 200 using an optical microscope (Epiphoto TME300, manufactured by Nikon Corporation). Was taken. A photograph of the test piece D1 is shown on the left of FIG. 9, and a photograph of the test piece D2 is shown on the right of FIG.

光学顕微鏡の倍率を１０００倍とした以外は同様にして、写真を撮影した。試験片Ｄ１の写真を図１０の左に、試験片Ｄ２の写真を図１０の右に示す。 A photograph was taken in the same manner except that the magnification of the optical microscope was 1000 times. A photograph of the test piece D1 is shown on the left of FIG. 10, and a photograph of the test piece D2 is shown on the right of FIG.

比較例１に係る銅鉄合金は、圧延すると割れてしまった。また、鋳造材は、切り出し断面の一方は線状構造であったが、他方の切り出し断面は線状構造ではなく、不規則な構造であることが分かる。 The copper-iron alloy according to Comparative Example 1 cracked when rolled. Further, it can be seen that one of the cut-out cross sections of the cast material had a linear structure, but the other cut-out cross section had an irregular structure instead of a linear structure.

《実験例２》
表１及び２に示す種々の供試体を製造し、ＨＶ硬度、平行方向と垂直方向のＫｂ値、引張強さ、０．２％耐力、伸び、及びヤング率を測定した。結果を表１及び２に示す。 << Experimental example 2 >>
Various specimens shown in Tables 1 and 2 were manufactured, and HV hardness, Kb values in the parallel and vertical directions, tensile strength, 0.2% proof stress, elongation, and Young's modulus were measured. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

−：未測定又は測定不可 -: Not measured or unmeasured

《実験例３》
＜線材＞
実施例１に係る銅鉄合金から、線径が異なる銅鉄ワイヤ（線材）を製造した。得られた線材について、加工歪、引張強度、伸び、及び導電率を測定した。結果を表３に示す。 << Experimental example 3 >>
<Wire material>
Copper-iron wires (wires) having different wire diameters were produced from the copper-iron alloy according to Example 1. The processing strain, tensile strength, elongation, and electric conductivity of the obtained wire rod were measured. The results are shown in Table 3.

《実験例４》
＜溶接棒用心線＞
実施例３に係る銅鉄合金を心線の材料として用い、溶接棒（直径３．０ｍｍ）を得た。 << Experimental Example 4 >>
<Welding rod core wire>
The copper-iron alloy according to Example 3 was used as the material of the core wire to obtain a welding rod (diameter 3.0 mm).

得られた溶接棒を用いて、試験材ＳＳ４００（一般構造用圧延鋼材）と脱酸銅（３ｍｍ厚）とをＴＩＧ溶接した。溶接電流は、１９０〜２００ａｍｐ、ガス流量は５〜８Ｌ／ｍｉｎ、開先角度は７０°とした。溶接作業は予熱なしで開始した。結果、溶接ができた。 Using the obtained welding rod, the test material SS400 (rolled steel material for general structure) and deoxidized copper (thickness 3 mm) were TIG-welded. The welding current was 190 to 200 amp, the gas flow rate was 5 to 8 L / min, and the groove angle was 70 °. The welding operation started without preheating. As a result, welding was completed.

１回転子用筒材
２支持板
３回転軸 1 Rotor cylinder 2 Support plate 3 Rotating shaft

Claims

Contains 10.0 to 97.0% by volume of copper and 3.0 to 90.0% by volume of iron,
Visual observation of images of a cross section cut parallel to the rolling direction and a cross section cut perpendicularly with an optical microscope at a magnification of 200 is characterized by a linear structure including a plurality of linear portions parallel to each other. Copper iron alloy.

The copper iron alloy according to claim 1, which has an electric conductivity of 5 to 92% [IACS unit], a tensile strength of 300 to 2500 N / mm ² , and a thermal conductivity of 340 W / m · K or less.

The method for producing a copper-iron alloy according to claim 1, comprising a step of melting a mother alloy containing copper and iron and copper or iron.

The method for producing a copper-iron alloy according to claim 3, further comprising a step of heating copper and iron into a molten metal and cooling the molten metal to obtain the master alloy.

A step of melting a raw material containing iron, copper, and cobalt in an induction heating furnace to obtain a molten metal, and a step of giving the molten metal a vibration of 20 to 150 Hz in a magnetic field having an average magnetic flux density of 1200 to 2300 gauss The method for manufacturing the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.

A method for producing a copper-iron alloy, comprising a step of melting a mother alloy containing copper and iron and copper or iron.

The method for producing a copper-iron alloy according to claim 6, further comprising a step of heating copper and iron into a molten metal and cooling the molten metal to obtain the master alloy.

A rotor tubular material containing the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.

A wire rod comprising the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.

A plate material containing the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.

An electric discharge machining electrode comprising the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.

A welding rod core wire containing the copper-iron alloy according to claim 1.