JP2020070717A - Wooden window structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a wooden window structure capable of obtaining enough fireproof performance even with a combination of the wooden window frame part using cedar and a glass part.SOLUTION: An embodiment of the present invention is a wooden window structure comprising a wooden window frame part using cedar and a glass part fit into the window frame part. In this wooden window structure, the window frame part is arranged to be opened inwardly and tilted inwardly. The glass part has a first glass plate and a second glass plate being an outermost surface inside and outside each other and arranged via a predetermined space and a sealing resin arranged between a rim part of the first glass plate and a rim part of the second glass plate, and the first glass plate is a crystallization glass and the second glass plate is a non- crystallization glass.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a wooden window structure, and more particularly to a wooden window structure having excellent fireproof property.

  The window structure with a wooden sash (wood window structure) made mainly of wood is warmer than the window structure with a metal sash such as aluminum, and excellent workability can realize a rich design. .. On the other hand, wood sashes are more difficult to improve fire protection than metal sashes.

  Patent Document 1 discloses a fireproof sash that uses wood. This fireproof sash has a fixed interval between an outer glass of laminated glass and an inner glass of thick glass, which are bonded to a wooden sash frame and a window frame by sandwiching an inorganic film between two float glasses. A double glass which is opened and combined is attached, and a structure in which a gap between the outer glass and the two inner glasses is filled with argon gas is applied.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a wood sash made of paulownia made of paulownia wood impregnated with a fireproofing agent treatment liquid, which has excellent fire resistance and maintains a beautiful wood texture. In this wooden sash, after the paulownia wood is dried to a water content of 9% or less, the paulownia wood is immersed in a refractory solution having a liquid temperature of 40 to 70 ° C. under reduced pressure at 30 to 40 torr for 6 to 12 hours, Next, the pressure is returned to normal pressure, and then the pressure is applied step by step at a predetermined pressure, and the pressure is applied up to a maximum of 10 atm for immersion for 6 to 12 hours. Then, the paulownia wood is taken out of the refractory liquid and kept at room temperature. It is dried for 20 to 30 days and further dried at 50 to 80 ° C. for 6 to 12 hours to produce a wooden sash frame made of paulownia wood having a water content of 18% or less.

JP, 2006-169818, A JP, 2007-063749, A

  In recent years, many cedars have been felled as thinned wood, and there are high expectations for their usage. Particularly in Japan, cedar as a thinning material is abundant and inexpensive, and by expanding the range of use of such cedar, it is expected that the local industry centered on forestry will be activated. Under such circumstances, the inventor of the present application focused on using cedar as a material for the wooden sash and developed a wooden window structure.

  Here, the fireproof performance of the window structure has a certification standard defined by the Building Standards Act. For example, fire protection equipment is required to have flame shielding performance such as heating by a predetermined heating curve and not emitting a flame on an unheated surface for 20 minutes. However, since cedar contains a large amount of resin and fats and oils, the effect of preventing fire spread is not as high as that of other woods. For this reason, it is difficult to obtain sufficient fireproof performance that satisfies the certification standards of the Building Standards Act in a wooden window structure that combines a wooden window frame portion made of cedar and a glass portion.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a wooden window structure capable of obtaining sufficient fireproof performance even with a combination of a wooden window frame portion made of cedar and a glass portion.

  In order to solve the above problems, one embodiment of the present invention is a wooden window structure including a wooden window frame portion using cedar and a glass portion fitted in the window frame portion. In this wooden window structure, the glass part is a first glass plate and a second glass plate, which are the outermost surfaces inside and outside each other and are arranged with a predetermined space therebetween, a peripheral portion of the first glass plate, and a second glass plate. And a sealing resin provided between the first glass plate and the second glass plate, and the sealing resin is provided between the first glass plate and the second glass plate.

  With such a configuration, it is possible to reduce the weight of the window frame and improve the heat insulating property by using cedar having a low density and a low thermal conductivity among the wood. Further, by the first glass plate and the second glass plate, it is possible to suppress dew condensation in the glass portion and obtain a high heat insulating effect.

  As for fireproof performance, when the side of the second glass plate which is the non-crystallized glass is the heating surface, even if the second glass plate is broken, the flame to the non-heating surface is generated by the first glass plate which is the crystallized glass. Can be prevented from appearing. On the other hand, when the side of the first glass plate that is the crystallized glass is the heating surface, the distribution of heat transferred from the first glass plate to the second glass plate is uniformized, and the side of the second glass plate that is the non-heating surface is It doesn't have to be damaged so much that a flame appears.

  In the above wooden window structure, it is preferable that the second glass plate is low-emission glass. Thereby, even with a wooden window structure using cedar, it is possible to enhance the effect of suppressing the passage of heat, as well as suppressing dew condensation, a heat insulating effect, and high fireproof performance.

  In the above wooden window structure, it is preferable that a vitrification film is provided on the surface of the window frame portion. As a result, the fire resistance of the wooden window frame portion made of cedar can be improved.

  In the above-mentioned wooden window structure, a window base that has a destination portion extending from the indoor side to the outdoor side and that supports the window frame portion may be further provided below the window frame portion. Thereby, in the wooden window structure including the window sill, it is possible to obtain the dew condensation suppressing effect and the heat insulating effect. Further, for example, even when using a cedar window sill, high fireproof performance can be obtained by combining the glass portion of the first glass plate made of crystallized glass and the second glass plate made of non-crystallized glass. ..

  In the above wooden window structure, it is preferable that the window frame portion is attached from the indoor side of the building body. When installing the window frame part, which is a heavy product by providing the glass part, on the frame, it is difficult to install it from the outside. If the window frame can be attached from the indoor side of the building, even heavy objects can be easily constructed. Further, it is not necessary to provide a scaffold outside during maintenance work or window replacement work, and the work can be completed indoors.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is a wooden window-frame part using a cedar, it becomes possible to provide the wooden window structure which can obtain sufficient fireproof performance.

It is a schematic perspective view which illustrates the wooden window structure which concerns on this embodiment. (A) And (b) is a schematic diagram which illustrates the wooden window structure which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic cross section which shows the specific example of a wooden window structure. It is a schematic cross section of a glass part. It is a schematic cross section explaining attachment of a window frame part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same members are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description of the members once described is omitted as appropriate.

(Basic structure of wooden window structure)
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a wooden window structure according to this embodiment.
2A and 2B are schematic views illustrating the wooden window structure according to this embodiment.
2A shows a front view, and FIG. 2B shows a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A.
Note that, for convenience of description, illustration of the outer wall of the building, the heat insulating material, the interior material, etc. is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment includes a wooden window frame portion 10 made of cedar and a glass portion 30 fitted in the window frame portion 10. Further, in the present embodiment, the window stand 20 that supports the window frame portion 10 is provided below the window frame portion 10.

  The window frame part 10 is assembled in a rectangular shape by a vertical frame 11 and a horizontal frame 12. Note that the respective configurations of the vertical frame 11 and the horizontal frame 12 differ depending on the type of window (inward opening, outward opening, inward tilting, pulling, snapping, etc.).

  In the present embodiment, wood cedar is used as the window frame 10. The cedar used in the window frame portion 10 in the present embodiment includes solid wood and laminated wood. Further, a case where wood other than cedar is used for a part (less than 50% by volume) of wood, and a case where a metal or resin member is used for reinforcement or fixation is also included.

  The window frame portion 10 is fitted into a rectangular opening formed by the pair of columns 2, the lintel 3 and the window stand 20. That is, the vertical frame 11 is fixed to the pillar 2 and the upper horizontal frame 12 is fixed to the lintel 3 in a state where the window frame portion 10 is placed on the window stand 20.

  The glass part 30 fitted in the window frame part 10 has a first glass plate 31, a second glass plate 32 and a sealing resin 35. The 1st glass plate 31 and the 2nd glass plate 32 are the outermost surfaces inside and outside mutually, and are arrange | positioned via a predetermined space. The glass part 30 has a double-layer glass structure including two glass plates (a first glass plate 31 and a second glass plate 32).

  The sealing resin 35 is provided between the peripheral edge portion of the first glass plate 31 and the peripheral edge portion of the second glass plate 32. The sealing resin 35 is provided so as to surround the peripheral portions of the two glass plates, sets a space between the two glass plates, and maintains the airtightness of the space.

  In the present embodiment, in such a glass part 30, crystallized glass is used for the first glass plate 31 and non-crystallized glass is used for the second glass plate 32. Details of the glass part 30 will be described later.

  The window stand 20 includes a plate-shaped support plate 21 that supports the lower side of the window frame 10. The support plate 21 has a width slightly wider than the width of the window frame portion 10 and a depth longer than the depth of the window frame portion 10. As the support plate 21, a plate material made of stone material such as xanthrite or granite, or wood such as cedar is used. In the present embodiment, the support plate 21 is inserted into the cutout portions provided in the pair of columns 2 and is arranged at a predetermined height of the columns 2. The support plate 21 has a delivery portion 201 that projects to the outside. The going-out portion 201 is a portion that projects outward from the pillar 2. Thereby, the window stand 20 is provided so as to extend from the indoor side to the outdoor side.

  An upper surface groove portion 210 extending in the depth direction of the window is provided on the upper surface 21a of the support plate 21. The upper surface groove portion 210 is a groove that is linearly provided on the upper surface 21a of the support plate 21 from the middle on the indoor side to the end portion on the outdoor side. A plurality of upper surface groove portions 210 may be provided on the upper surface 21a in parallel with each other. In the present embodiment, three (6 in total) upper surface groove portions 210 are provided on each of the left and right sides.

  When a plurality of upper surface groove portions 210 are provided, a communication groove portion 220 may be provided that connects these upper surface groove portions 210 to each other. The communication groove portion 220 extends in the width direction of the window on the upper surface 21 a of the support plate 21, and is provided so as to connect the indoor-side ends of the upper surface groove portions 210.

  In the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment, with the window frame 20 supported by the window base 20, downward extension of the outer side surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 of the window frame section 10 and downward of the inner side surface 2s of the pillar 2. The upper surface groove portion 210 is arranged on at least one of the extensions. In the present embodiment, the upper surface groove portion 210 is arranged on the downward extension of both the outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 and the inner surface 2s of the column 2. In other words, the outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 of the window frame portion 10 is located on the upper surface groove portion 210, and the inner side surface 2s of the column 2 is located on the upper surface groove portion 210.

  When a plurality of upper surface groove portions 210 are provided, the outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 and the inner surface 2s of the column 2 may be located on the same (one) upper surface groove portion 210, or different. The outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 and the inner surface 2s of the column 2 may be located on each of the upper surface groove portions 210. Further, the outer side surfaces 11 s of the left and right vertical frames 11 and the inner side surfaces 2 s of the left and right columns 2 may be arranged on the upper surface groove portion 210.

  In this way, the outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 and the inner side surface 2s of the column 2 are located on the upper surface groove 210, so that the vertical frame 11 of the window frame section 10 and the inner side surface 2s of the column 2 are aligned with each other. When a water droplet or the like drips, the water droplet or the like enters the upper surface groove portion 210 of the window stand 20 below, flows along the upper surface groove portion 210, and flows toward the destination portion 201 (outdoor). This can prevent water droplets or the like from being transmitted to the wall from the side of the window stand 20.

  In addition, since the plurality of upper surface groove portions 210 are provided, the relative positions of the window pedestal 20 and the window frame 10 may be slightly displaced during the construction, or the relative positional relationship may need to be adjusted. Even in this case, the outer side surface 11s and the inner side surface 2s can be arranged on any of the upper surface groove portions 210. Further, since the plurality of upper surface groove portions 210 are provided, the upper surface groove portions 210 are also arranged on the downward extension of the front surface 11f of the vertical frame 11 and the downward extension of the front surface 2f of the column 2. Accordingly, even if water drops or the like droop along the front surface 11f of the vertical frame 11 or the front surface 2f of the column 2, they can be received by the upper surface groove portion 210 and discharged outdoors.

  The lower surface 21b of the support plate 21 may be provided with a lower surface groove portion 230 extending in the width direction of the window. The lower surface groove portion 230 is a groove linearly provided in the width direction of the support plate 21. The lower surface groove portion 230 is provided in the delivery portion 201. As a result, water drops or the like flowing along the lower surface 21b of the support plate 21 are captured by the lower surface groove portion 230. For example, even when water droplets or the like discharged from the outdoor side of the upper surface groove portion 210 wrap around the lower surface 21b of the support plate 21, they are captured by the lower surface groove portion 230 and do not reach the wall side. As a result, it is possible to prevent water droplets and the like from flowing around the lower surface 21b and being transmitted to the wall.

  When water such as dew condensation or water drops adheres to the window frame portion 10 or the pillar 2 in the building, the water droplets or the like hang down along the outer surface 11s of the vertical frame 11 of the window frame portion 10 and the inner surface 2s of the pillar 2. To go. When the water droplets reach the window stand 20, it usually hangs down from the edge of the window stand 20 along the outer wall. This adheres to the outer wall and causes stains due to scale. Further, when the aluminum sash or the like is attached to the body, dew condensation occurs from the exposed aluminum member, which causes dew condensation in the body. On the other hand, wood, which has lower thermal conductivity than metal, can suppress dew condensation in the body and extend the life of the building.

  By using the window sill 20 according to the present embodiment, water droplets and the like attached to the window frame portion 10 are discharged to the outside from the destination portion 201 along the upper surface groove portion 210 of the window sill 20, and from the edge of the window sill 20 to the wall. It is possible to suppress dripping along. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of stains due to scale. In order to efficiently discharge water droplets and the like that have entered the upper surface groove portion 210 to the outside, the upper surface groove portion 210 is preferably provided so as to descend from the indoor side toward the outdoor side. In order to tilt the upper surface groove 210 in this way, the bottom surface of the upper surface groove 210 may be tilted, the support plate 21 may be tilted, or the upper surface 21a may be tilted.

(Applying cedar to the window frame)
In this embodiment, cedar is used as the wood of the window frame 10. Here, an example of the density in the tree species is as follows.
・ Japanese cedar (approx. 380 kg / m ³ ).
・ Larch (about 500 kg / m ³ )
・ Beech (about 650 kg / m ³ )
・ Mizunara (about 680 kg / m ³ )
Moreover, an example of the thermal conductivity in a tree species is as follows.
・ Sugi (about 0.087W / m ・ K)
・ Larch (about 0.11 W / mK)
・ Beech (about 0.14 W / mK)
・ Mizunara (about 0.14W / mK)
As described above, among the woods, cedar has low density and low thermal conductivity, and by applying it to the window frame portion 10, it is possible to reduce the weight and improve the heat insulating property.
On the other hand, since cedar contains more resin and fats and oils than other woods, it cannot be said to be advantageous in terms of fire spread prevention effect.

When wood having a certain thickness as used in building materials burns, only a carbonized layer is formed on the surface and the core remains. The inventor of the present application intends to construct the wooden window structure 1 by using cedar that does not have a high anti-inflammatory effect for the window frame portion 10 even if the wood material is not completely burnt out as described above. From the relationship with the stop resin 35, it was found that there is a difference in fireproof performance.
Then, the inventor of the present application obtains the merit of reducing the weight and improving the heat insulating property when using the cedar as the material of the window frame portion 10, and when combined with the specific glass portion 30, the entire wooden window structure 1 is provided. It has been found that the fire protection performance can be effectively enhanced.

(Details of the glass part)
The glass part 30 used in the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment has a multi-layer glass structure in which a first glass plate 31 and a second glass plate 32 are arranged in parallel to each other with a predetermined space therebetween. In this embodiment, a double-layered glass structure having a first glass plate 31 and a second glass plate 32 is provided. Either the first glass plate 31 or the second glass plate 32 may be the indoor side or the outdoor side. In the illustrated example, the first glass plate 31 is arranged on the outdoor side and the second glass plate 32 is arranged on the indoor side.

  The crystallized glass used as the first glass plate 31 is obtained by reheating glass to precipitate crystals. Crystallized glass has a property of transmitting light and having a coefficient of thermal expansion of almost zero. The crystallized glass does not break even if it is rapidly cooled by adding water in a state where it is heated to 800 ° C., for example. This makes it possible to withstand a high temperature when a fire occurs, for example, without breaking even when rapidly cooled by water discharge, and to suppress the spread of fire (back draft etc.) due to glass breakage that tends to occur during digestive water discharge, for example.

  The non-crystallized glass used as the second glass plate 32 is non-crystallized glass. Examples of the non-crystallized glass include float plate glass (soda lime glass and the like) used for general windows, and general heat resistant glass (borosilicate glass and the like).

As the second glass plate 32, it is preferable to use low-emission glass (Low-E glass) having a low-emissivity film formed on the surface of the plate glass. Examples of the low-emission film include a laminated film having a transparent dielectric film, an infrared reflection film, and a transparent dielectric film in this order. Examples of the transparent dielectric film include films of metal oxides such as zinc oxide and tin oxide. Examples of the infrared reflecting film include a metal film of Ag or the like and a semiconductor film of F-added SiO ₂ or the like.

  Due to the double glazing made of the first glass plate 31 and the second glass plate 32, it is possible to suppress dew condensation in the glass portion 30 and obtain a high heat insulating effect. Furthermore, by using low-emission glass (Low-E glass) as the second glass plate 32 of the multi-layer glass, even in a window structure including a wooden window frame 10 made of cedar, dew condensation is suppressed. In addition to the heat insulation effect, the effect of suppressing heat passage can be enhanced.

(Specific example of wooden window structure)
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific example of the wooden window structure.
In FIG. 3, a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2B is shown. The wooden window structure 1 shown in FIG. 3 is an example of an inward opening window.
The wooden window structure 1 shown in FIG. 3 includes a fixed frame 101 and a movable frame 102 as the window frame portion 10 using cedar. The movable frame 102 is attached to the fixed frame 101 via a hinge (not shown) and can be opened and closed with respect to the fixed frame 101. The fixed frame 101 is fixed to the pillar 2 or the lintel 3 with a screw or the like while being mounted on the window stand 20.

  The glass portion 30 is fitted inside the movable frame 102 in the inward opening window. The peripheral portion of the one surface of the glass portion 30 abuts on the extending portion 102a of the movable frame 102, and the peripheral portion of the other surface is pressed by the pressing frame 102b. As a result, the glass portion 30 is sandwiched between the extending portion 102a and the pressing frame 102b.

(Specific example of glass part)
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the glass part.
The glass portion 30 includes a first glass plate 31 made of crystallized glass, a second glass plate 32 made of non-crystallized glass, and a sealing resin 35. When the non-crystallized glass is low emission glass (Low-E glass), the low emission film 32f is provided on the surface of the second glass plate 32.

  The sealing resin 35 is provided between the peripheral edge portion of the first glass plate 31 and the peripheral edge portion of the second glass plate 32. The sealing resin 35 includes a spacer 351 for providing a space S having a predetermined space between both glass plates, and an adhesive resin 352 for bonding the spacer 351 and both glass plates. A hygroscopic agent 353 is provided inside the spacer 351.

  The thickness of each of the first glass plate 31 and the second glass plate 32 is about 3 mm to 4 mm. The width of the space S is about 14 mm to 16 mm. Butyl rubber is used as the adhesive resin 352 of the sealing resin 35.

(Fireproof performance)
Wood cedar is used for the window frame portion 10 of the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment. The fireproof performance of the wooden window structure 1 satisfies the standards for fireproof equipment of the Building Standards Act.
As described above, since cedar generally contains a large amount of resin and fats and oils among wood, the effect of preventing fire spread is not higher than that of other wood. Therefore, it is very difficult to use the cedar for the window frame portion 10 so as to satisfy the standards of the fire protection equipment.

  The inventor of the present application has performed various developments and verifications regarding fire prevention measures when cedar is used for the window frame 10, and as a result, it is possible to demonstrate the performance of the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment that satisfies the standards of fire prevention equipment. I found it.

  As the configuration of the glass portion 30, it is premised that the double-layer glass is used to obtain the dew condensation suppressing effect and the heat insulating effect, and that the mesh glass is not used. Here, the meshless glass is disadvantageous as fireproof. In general, in order to improve heat resistance in a double-layered glass obtained by combining two glass plates without a mesh, it is considered that the two glass plates are made of heat-resistant glass (borosilicate glass). The double-layer glass to which the two heat-resistant glasses are applied is attached to the window frame portion 10 of cedar, and a combustion test (hereinafter simply referred to as "combustion test") for evaluating fire prevention performance in the Building Standards Method is performed. It was

As a result of the combustion test, the requirements for fire protection equipment (flame barrier performance for 20 minutes) were not satisfied.
This is because there is a large difference in thermal conductivity between the cedar and the glass in contact with it (heat-resistant glass), so a large heat distribution occurs between the edge part that contacts the cedar and the central part that does not contact the cedar on the heating-side glass surface, It is considered that the glass on the heating side cracked before 20 minutes had elapsed.

  Next, as the glass part 30, the multi-layer glass in which three glass plates were combined was verified. Of the three glass plates, crystallized glass was used in the center and low-emission glass (Low-E glass) was used on both sides. This multi-layer glass was attached to the window frame portion 10 of cedar and a combustion test was conducted.

At the present time, the wooden window structure in which the glass portion 30 is composed of three glass plates did not meet the requirements for fire prevention equipment in the combustion test.
Generally, it is considered that a sufficient fireproof performance can be exhibited by using three double-glazings using crystallized glass in the center and low-radiation glass (Low-E glass) on both sides. However, as in the case of the two heat-resistant glasses, there is a large difference in the thermal conductivity between the glass that contacts the cedar (low-radiation glass), so the edge part that contacts the cedar on the heating-side glass surface and the cedar that does not contact the cedar It is considered that a large heat distribution was generated in the central part and the glass on the heating side was cracked before 20 minutes had elapsed.

  Furthermore, in the case of three multi-layered glass, the heat distribution on the glass surface on the heating side is transmitted to the glass on the non-heating surface side (low-radiation glass) through the crystallized glass in the center, and This affects the sealing resin provided between the glass on the non-heated surface side and the crystallized glass in the center.

  Here, if crystallized glass is used in the center, cracking due to heat does not occur, and even if the glass on the heated surface side cracks, it is considered that the appearance of flames on the non-heated surface is avoided. However, if the glass on the heating side breaks and a partial breakage or slippage due to the breakage occurs, the crystallized glass in the center is heated unevenly. That is, when a part of the glass on the heating surface side collapses and a part of the glass escapes the collapse, a large distribution occurs in the heat received by the crystallized glass in the center. This heat distribution is transmitted to the glass on the non-heating surface side, and the glass on the non-heating surface side is also cracked, causing partial destruction and slippage due to the cracking. As a result, the gas (for example, isoprene or isobutylene) generated by sublimation of the material (for example, butyl) of the sealing resin 35 is ignited, and the flame appears on the non-heated surface.

  Based on an actual combustion test, the inventor of the present application uses the cedar for the window frame 10 and the mechanism of the flame appearance when the sealing resin 35 is used as the sealing material for the double glazing, from the mechanism of the wood according to the present embodiment. Window structure 1 was reached.

That is, in the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment, at least the following two points are points for fire protection using the window frame portion 10 made of cedar.
(1) The glass part 30 is made of two multi-layered glass, the first glass plate 31 is crystallized glass, and the second glass plate 32 is non-crystallized glass (for example, low-emission glass).
(2) The space between the first glass plate 31 and the second glass plate 32 is sealed with the sealing resin 35.
A combustion test was performed by fitting the glass portion 30 into the window frame portion 10 made of cedar.

As a result of the combustion test, the requirements for fire protection equipment (flame barrier performance for 20 minutes) were satisfied.
In the combustion test, when the side of the second glass plate 32 that is non-crystallized glass (low-radiation glass) is used as the heating surface, the second glass plate 32 will be damaged by heat, Since the 1 glass plate 31 is not damaged, the appearance of flames on the non-heated surface can be prevented.

  On the other hand, in the combustion test, when the side of the first glass plate 31 which is the crystallized glass is used as the heating surface, the crystallized glass is not heated even if the difference in the thermal conductivity between the glass (crystallized glass) in contact with the cedar is large. Since the expansion coefficient is almost zero, cracking due to strain does not occur. Therefore, the first glass plate 31 is maintained in the plate shape, and the distribution of heat transmitted from the first glass plate 31 to the second glass plate 32 is made uniform.

  Here, even if the heat of the first glass plate 31 is transferred to the second glass plate 32 and the second glass plate 32 is cracked by heat, the distribution of the heat transferred to the second glass plate 32 is made uniform. It does not lead to breakage such as falling, or damage such that the cracked part slips off. Therefore, even if the gas caused by the heat sublimation of the sealing resin 35 ignites, the flame does not appear on the side of the second glass plate 32 which is the non-heated surface.

  That is, in the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment, whichever of the first glass plate 31 and the second glass plate 32 is the heating surface, the requirements of the fire protection equipment (flame shielding performance for 20 minutes) can be satisfied. it can.

  Here, in order to further improve the fireproof property of the wooden window structure 1, it is preferable to provide a vitrification film on the surface of the window frame portion 10 using cedar (the surface of the cedar). The vitrification film is formed, for example, by applying a glass paint to the surface of the window frame part 10. The glass paint is a paint that vitrifies at room temperature. By forming the vitrified film, it is possible to improve fire resistance and weather resistance even with the wooden window frame portion 10 using cedar.

  An example of specifications of the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment is as follows. The wooden window structures 1 having the following specifications all meet the requirements for fire protection equipment (flame shielding performance for 20 minutes).

(Specification 1)
Structure name: Double glazing (no mesh), wooden open / inverted window (one side normally closed)
Size of the glass part 30 ... Height about 2390 mm, width about 1695 mm
Material / thickness of first glass plate 31 ... Crystallized glass / 4 mm thickness Material / thickness of second glass plate 32 ... Low-emission glass (Low-E glass) / 4 mm thickness Width of space S ... 16 mm
Adhesive resin 352 of the sealing resin 35 ... Butyl rubber Vitrification film of the window frame 10 ... Yes Material of the window stand 20 ... Sugi

(Specification 2)
Structure name: Multi-layered glass (without mesh), wooden inward opening / inclining window Size of glass part 30 ... Height about 2390 mm, width about 1240 mm
Material / thickness of first glass plate 31 ... Crystallized glass / 4 mm thickness Material / thickness of second glass plate 32 ... Low-emission glass (Low-E glass) / 4 mm thickness Width of space S ... 16 mm
Adhesive resin 352 of the sealing resin 35 ... Butyl rubber Vitrification film of the window frame 10 ... Yes Material of the window stand 20 ... Sugi

(Specification 3)
Structure name: With multi-layer glass (without mesh), size of wooden FIX window glass part 30 ... Height about 2390 mm, width about 1240 mm
Material / thickness of first glass plate 31 ... Crystallized glass / 4 mm thickness Material / thickness of second glass plate 32 ... Low-emission glass (Low-E glass) / 4 mm thickness Width of space S ... 16 mm
Adhesive resin 352 of the sealing resin 35 ... Butyl rubber Vitrification film of the window frame 10 ... Yes Material of the window stand 20 ... Sugi

  When the wooden window frame portion 10 is supported by the cedar window frame 20 as the wooden window structure 1, the portion of the window frame portion 10 in contact with the window frame 20 and the portion in contact with the wooden columns 2 and the lintel 3 have different thermal characteristics. Differences are likely to occur. In the wooden window structure 1 including the cedar window mount 20 as described above, the heat distribution on the glass surface in the combustion test (the portion close to the window mount 20 and the distance from the window mount 20 is greater than that in the structure not including the cedar window mount 20). The difference in temperature distribution from the central part) tends to increase.

  Therefore, by using the cedar window sill 20, two examples that did not meet the requirements for fire prevention equipment in the combustion test (in the case of two double glazings (heat resistant glass / heat resistant glass) and three double glazings) In the case of glass (in the case of low-emission glass / crystallized glass / low-emission glass), it is considered that defects due to non-uniform heat distribution are prominent.

  On the other hand, by adopting the configuration of the glass portion 30 as in the present embodiment (two pieces of double glazing (crystallized glass / non-crystallized glass)), the wooden window structure 1 including the cedar window stand 20 is provided. Even if there is, it is possible to suppress the appearance of flame on the non-heated surface. In addition, in the configuration in which the window frame 20 is supported by the window frame 20, a gap is likely to occur between the window frame 20 and the window frame 10. For this reason, heat distribution is likely to occur in this gap, and fire spread is likely to occur. That is, the window structure provided with the window stand 20 is considered to be disadvantageous in terms of fire protection performance. However, in the present embodiment, even with the configuration in which the window frame 20 is supported by the window mount 20, the requirements for the fire protection equipment are satisfied as described above.

(Installation of window frame)
Next, attachment of the window frame portion 10 will be described.
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating the attachment of the window frame portion.
The window frame portion 10 is fitted into a rectangular opening formed by the pair of columns 2, the lintel 3 and the window stand 20. The window frame portion 10 of the wooden window structure 1 according to the present embodiment is adapted to be attached to the body (pillar 2 and lintel 3) from the indoor side of the building. That is, in order to attach the window frame part 10 in which the glass part 30 is fitted to the body, the window frame part 10 is placed on the window stand 20 from the indoor side, and the upper fixed frame 101 is pushed until it hits the abutment pillar. .. In this state, the fixed frame 101 is fixed to the pillar 2 or the lintel 3 with a screw or the like.

  The window frame part 10 in which the glass part 30 which is a multi-layer glass is fitted becomes a heavy object. When installing such a window frame part to a frame, it is difficult to install it from the outside. Since the window frame portion 10 can be attached from the indoor side of the building, even heavy objects can be easily constructed. Since it is installed from the indoor side, it is possible to perform installation work without using scaffolding even on the higher floors of the building. In addition, there is no need to provide a scaffold outside during maintenance or window replacement work, and the work can be completed indoors. Moreover, since the installation work from the indoor side is sufficient, the windows can be replaced without breaking the outer wall. Further, daily cleaning can be easily performed.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to provide a wooden window structure capable of obtaining sufficient fireproof performance even with a combination of a wooden window frame portion and a glass portion using cedar. It will be possible.

  Although the present embodiment and its application examples have been described above, the present invention is not limited to these examples. For example, those skilled in the art can appropriately add, delete, or change the design of each of the above-described embodiments or the application examples thereof, or appropriately combine the features of the embodiments of the present invention. As long as it has the gist, it is included in the scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wooden window structure 2 ... Pillar 2f ... Front surface 2s ... Inner side surface 3 ... Maga 10 ... Window frame 11 ... Vertical frame 11f ... Front surface 11s ... Outside surface 12 ... Horizontal frame 20 ... Window stand 21 ... Support plate 21a ... Top surface 21b ... Lower surface 30 ... Glass part 31 ... First glass plate 32 ... Second glass plate 32f ... Low-emission film 35 ... Sealing resin 101 ... Fixed frame 102 ... Movable frame 102a ... Extension part 102b ... Press frame 201 ... Destination part 210 ... Upper surface groove 220 ... Communication groove 230 ... Lower surface groove 351 ... Spacer 352 ... Adhesive resin 353 ... Hygroscopic agent S ... Space

Claims (12)

A wooden window frame using cedar,
A wooden window structure comprising: a glass part fitted into the window frame part;
The window frame portion is provided so as to be able to open and fall inward,
The glass part is
A first glass plate and a second glass plate which are innermost and outermost surfaces and are arranged with a predetermined space in between;
A sealing resin provided between the peripheral portion of the first glass plate and the peripheral portion of the second glass plate,
The first glass plate is a crystallized glass,
The second glass plate is a non-crystallized glass, which is a wooden window structure.   The wooden window structure according to claim 1, wherein the second glass plate is low-emission glass.   The wooden window structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a vitrified film is provided on a surface of the window frame portion.   The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the glass portion has a double-layered glass structure composed of the first glass plate and the second glass plate.   The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the second glass plate in the two-layered glass structure is low-emission glass.   The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a laminated film having a transparent dielectric film, an infrared reflection film, and a transparent dielectric film is provided on a surface of the second glass plate. ..   The thickness of each of the first glass plate and the second glass plate is about 3 mm to 4 mm, and the width of the space is about 14 mm to 16 mm. Wooden window structure.   The sealing resin includes a spacer, a hygroscopic agent provided inside the spacer, and an adhesive resin that adheres between the spacer and each of the first glass plate and the second glass plate, The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   The wooden window structure according to claim 8, wherein the adhesive resin is butyl rubber. Further comprising a window pedestal that supports the lower side of the window frame portion,
The window stand has a wooden or stone support plate using cedar,
The support plate has a destination portion extending from the indoor side to the outdoor side, and has a width slightly wider than the width of the window frame portion and a depth longer than the depth of the window frame portion. The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.   The glass portion has a height of about 2390 mm, a width of about 1695 mm or about 1240 mm, a thickness of the first glass plate of 4 mm, a thickness of the second glass plate of 4 mm, and a width of the space of 16 mm. The wooden window structure according to claim 1, wherein the material of the two glass plates is low-emission glass, the adhesive resin of the sealing resin is butyl rubber, and the window frame portion is provided with a vitrification film.   The wooden window structure according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the window frame portion is attached from an indoor side of a building body.

Images