JP2020060192A - Iei (intermittent energy inertia) movable body and movable body operation method - Google Patents

Iei (intermittent energy inertia) movable body and movable body operation method Download PDF

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JP2020060192A
JP2020060192A JP2019237408A JP2019237408A JP2020060192A JP 2020060192 A JP2020060192 A JP 2020060192A JP 2019237408 A JP2019237408 A JP 2019237408A JP 2019237408 A JP2019237408 A JP 2019237408A JP 2020060192 A JP2020060192 A JP 2020060192A
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inertia
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中松 義郎
Yoshiro Nakamatsu
義郎 中松
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Abstract

To improve movement efficiency of a movable body such as an automobile.SOLUTION: A moving body is provided with a mode in which power is turned off and the movable body moves by inertia.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

本発明は、車,船舶,建機,ロボット等の移動体の移動エネルギ節約に関する。   TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to saving movement energy of moving bodies such as cars, ships, construction machines, and robots.

環境や資源問題から現在、車業界においては少ないエネルギでその走行距離を伸ばすために各社がしのぎを削っている。その技術としては、ガソリン1l当たりの走行距離を伸ばすために、燃料として軽油を用いたディーゼルエンジン技術を用いる方法や所謂ハイブリッド技術を用いる方法や燃料電池や電気自動車やバッテリをガソリンエンジンで充電するEパワー等が実施されている。   Due to environmental and resource problems, in the automobile industry, each company is currently competing to extend its mileage with less energy. Examples of the technology include a method of using a diesel engine technology using light oil as a fuel, a method of using a so-called hybrid technology, and a method of charging a fuel cell, an electric vehicle or a battery with a gasoline engine in order to extend a mileage per 1 liter of gasoline. Power is being implemented.

本発明は、人類の最大の課題、移動体をより少ないエネルギで移動する解決策を提供する画期的な発明である。前記した技術のうち、ハイブリッド技術は、高効率の電池を備え、下り坂を走行中や、ブレーキを踏んだ時等の回生エネルギを前記電池に蓄積し、平坦な道路ではエンジンを作動させないで、電池に蓄積されたエネルギで車を走らせるものである。近年では、電池のエネルギのみで50km程度走らせるものが開発されてきている。上り坂等では、電池のエネルギとエンジンを併用して用いる。しかしバッテリコストが高く消耗する。
一方、ディーゼルエンジンを用いる場合は、もともとエネルギ効率の高いディーゼルエンジンに更に改良を加えることにより、軽油1l当たりの走行距離数を伸ばしており、ディーゼルハイブリッドもある。しかしながら、前記の公知の方法ではその効率の限界が見えてきている。石油は日本では殆ど生産されず、またリチウムバッテリは高価である。
本発明はこのような点に鑑みてなされたものであって、更にエネルギ効率を向上させることができる自動車等移動体の移動エネルギ効率向上化方法を提供することが本発明が解決しようとする課題である。
The present invention is an epoch-making invention that provides a solution for humankind's greatest problem, moving a moving body with less energy. Among the above-mentioned technologies, the hybrid technology includes a high-efficiency battery, while traveling on a downhill or storing regenerative energy when the brake is depressed, etc., without operating the engine on a flat road, The energy stored in the battery drives the car. In recent years, a device that can run for about 50 km using only battery energy has been developed. When traveling uphill, the energy of the battery and the engine are used together. However, the battery cost is high and exhausted.
On the other hand, when a diesel engine is used, the number of mileages per 1 liter of light oil has been increased by further improving the diesel engine which is originally high in energy efficiency, and there is also a diesel hybrid. However, the known method described above has come to the limit of its efficiency. Oil is rarely produced in Japan, and lithium batteries are expensive.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the moving energy efficiency of a moving body such as an automobile that can further improve the energy efficiency. Is.

前記した課題を解決する本発明は、移動中の自動車等の移動体が持つ「慣性力」を用いて、移動体が移動中に駆動エネルギを切り、慣性で移動体を移動させ、移動体の加速度又は速度がある値以下に低下してきたら再度駆動エネルギをオンにする動作を繰り返すことによりエネルギを節約して移動するようにした移動体の装置及び/又は運転法である。   The present invention for solving the above-described problems uses the "inertial force" of a moving body such as a moving automobile to cut the drive energy during the movement of the moving body to move the moving body by inertia, This is a device and / or driving method for a moving body, which is configured to move while saving energy by repeating the operation of turning on the driving energy again when the acceleration or the velocity drops below a certain value.

従来のハイブリッド車,燃料電池車,電気自動車等燃費のよい車を変更することなく、ローコストで更に燃費を良くすることができる。また、車以外の船舶、航空機、電車、建機等に活用でき、エネルギ燃費を更によくすることができる大きな効果がある。   It is possible to further improve fuel efficiency at low cost without changing a conventional fuel-efficient vehicle such as a hybrid vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or an electric vehicle. Further, it can be utilized for ships other than cars, aircraft, trains, construction machines, etc., and has a great effect of further improving energy fuel consumption.

移動体の運動方程式を示す図Diagram showing the equation of motion of a moving body 本発明を車に適用した場合を示す図The figure which shows the case where the present invention is applied to a vehicle. 移動中の移動体のエネルギE,加速度αの関係を示す図The figure which shows the energy E of the moving body which is moving, and the relationship of acceleration (alpha). 本発明の移動体のエネルギE,加速度αの関係を示す図The figure which shows the energy E of the moving body of this invention, and the relationship of acceleration (alpha). 本発明の原理構成図Principle configuration diagram of the present invention 本発明を船舶に適用した場合を示す図The figure which shows the case where this invention is applied to a ship. 本発明を航空機に適用した場合を示す図The figure which shows the case where this invention is applied to an aircraft.

ここで、本発明の基本原理である慣性の法則について説明する。慣性の法則とはニュートンの三法則即ち、
1. 慣性の法則
2. 運動方程式
3. 作用・反作用の法則
のうちのニュートンの第1法則(Newton‘s First Law)であり、「運動する物体に力が働かない時、その物体は慣性系に対し、運動状態を変えず、等速直線運動を続ける「運動の第一法則」、即ち「運動の現状をそのまま保持しようとする物体の性質」が慣性の法則である。
これに関連した「運動の第二法則」の運動方程式は、質量mの物体にかかる力Fは加速度をαとして、
F=mα
となり、また

Figure 2020060192
となる。 Here, the law of inertia, which is the basic principle of the present invention, will be described. The law of inertia is Newton's three laws,
1. Law of inertia 2. Equation of motion 3. It is Newton's first law (Newton's First Law) of the laws of action and reaction, and "When a moving object does not exert a force, the object does not change its motion state relative to the inertial system, The "first law of motion" that keeps linear motion, that is, "the property of an object that keeps the current state of motion as it is" is the law of inertia.
The related equation of motion of the “second law of motion” is that the force F applied to an object of mass m is
F = mα
And again
Figure 2020060192
Becomes

しかしながら、「移動体に慣性を活用してエネルギを節約する発想」はいままでに全くなかった。本発明は上記の慣性を利用したもので、その式は図1の如くなる。ここで、Eは自動車等移動体を動かすエネルギ、Vは移動体の速度、αは移動体の加速度、a、bは係数である。 However, there has never been a “concept to save energy by utilizing inertia in a moving body”. The present invention utilizes the above inertia, and its formula is as shown in FIG. Here, E is energy for moving a moving body such as an automobile, V is the speed of the moving body, α is the acceleration of the moving body, and a and b are coefficients.

図2は本発明を車に適用した場合を示す図である。Aは車1がエネルギを加え通常走行をしている状態を示している。Bはエネルギを遮断し慣性で移動している状態を示している。 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a case where the present invention is applied to a vehicle. A shows a state in which the vehicle 1 is energized and is traveling normally. B shows a state in which energy is cut off and the vehicle is moving by inertia.

図3と4は本発明の原理を説明する図で、図3は公知移動体のエネルギEと加速度αの関係を示す図である。横軸は時間軸Tである。時刻t0においてエンジンをスタートさせると、エネルギEを加え、加速度αは時間の経過と共に、上昇していく。時刻t1で駆動エネルギEを少なくして一定にし、移動体速度Vは定速走行に移る。一方、加速度αは時刻t1までは上昇していき、t2で0になる。本発明は時刻t3で再びエネルギEを加えその加速度αは再び上昇に転ずる。   3 and 4 are diagrams for explaining the principle of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between energy E and acceleration α of a known moving body. The horizontal axis is the time axis T. When the engine is started at time t0, energy E is added and the acceleration α increases with the passage of time. At time t1, the driving energy E is reduced and made constant, and the moving body speed V shifts to constant speed running. On the other hand, the acceleration α increases until time t1 and becomes 0 at t2. In the present invention, the energy E is applied again at time t3, and the acceleration α thereof starts to rise again.

図4は本発明を説明する図で、移動体に加えるエネルギEと速度Vと加速度αを縦軸としこれらの関係を説明する図である。横軸は時間Tで、縦軸は移動体に加えるエネルギEと移動体の加速度αである。
ところで、本発明のエネルギEは既に図1で説明した通り、次式で表される。
E=aV+bαである。ここで、Eは移動体に加えるエネルギ、aは所定の係数、Vは移動体の速度、bは所定の係数、αは移動体の加速度である。
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the present invention, and is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the energy E applied to the moving body, the velocity V, and the acceleration α on the vertical axis. The horizontal axis represents time T, and the vertical axis represents energy E applied to the moving body and acceleration α of the moving body.
By the way, the energy E of the present invention is expressed by the following equation, as already described in FIG.
E = aV + bα. Here, E is energy applied to the moving body, a is a predetermined coefficient, V is the speed of the moving body, b is a predetermined coefficient, and α is the acceleration of the moving body.

図4において、時刻t0において、移動体のエンジンをスタートさせエネルギを加えると、エネルギEと速度Vと加速度αは時間の経過と共に、上昇していく。本発明は時刻t1にエネルギEを0にする。即ち、移動体駆動力を切る。移動体駆動力を切っても、移動体は「慣性」のために図4のI期間移動し続けるのを利用したのが本発明であり、移動体の受ける空気抵抗や移動体の回転損耗等移動体自身の損失で速度Vは多少低下するが0にならない。
加速度αは図に示すようにt1から減少して時刻t2において加速度αが0になる。本発明は時刻t3で再びエネルギEを加え、加速度αが時刻t3で再び上昇に転じる。時刻t4で駆動力を少なくし、エネルギーEを0にする。図の時刻t1からt3の間はエネルギEの積分値(斜線)は0であり、この間、移動体は慣性のみで移動していることになる(エネルギを切って慣性のみで移動するモード)。t3でエンジンを作動させると、移動体は速度が上昇していき、加速度αは再び増加に転じる。
エネルギEが所定の値になると、移動体の速度は上昇し復帰する。移動体の動きが復帰したのを確認すると、時刻t4でエンジンやモータを切る。エンジンやモータを切ると、エネルギEは0になり、移動体は再び慣性のみで移動するモードになる。
速度や加速度は時刻t4から減少に転ずる。以下、同様の動作を繰り返し(E+E→0→E+E→0…)、移動体は移動していく。
In FIG. 4, when the engine of the moving body is started and energy is added at time t0, the energy E, the speed V, and the acceleration α increase with the passage of time. The present invention sets the energy E to 0 at time t1. That is, the driving force of the moving body is cut off. The present invention utilizes that the moving body continues to move for the period of I in FIG. 4 due to the "inertia" even if the driving force of the moving body is cut off. The speed V is slightly decreased due to the loss of the moving body itself, but it does not become zero.
As shown in the figure, the acceleration α decreases from t1 and becomes zero at time t2. In the present invention, the energy E is applied again at time t3, and the acceleration α starts rising again at time t3. At time t4, the driving force is reduced and the energy E is set to 0. The integrated value (hatched line) of the energy E is 0 from time t1 to t3 in the figure, and during this time, the moving body is moving only by inertia (a mode of cutting energy and moving only by inertia). When the engine is operated at t3, the speed of the moving body increases and the acceleration α starts increasing again.
When the energy E reaches a predetermined value, the speed of the moving body rises and returns. When it is confirmed that the movement of the moving body is restored, the engine and the motor are turned off at time t4. When the engine or the motor is turned off, the energy E becomes 0, and the moving body again enters a mode in which it moves only by inertia.
The speed and the acceleration start to decrease from time t4. Thereafter, the same operation is repeated (E + E → 0 → E + E → 0 ...), and the moving body moves.

本発明によれば、E=0の状態でも移動体は移動するので、図3のエネルギ積分値(斜線部分)より図4のエネルギ積分値(斜線部分)が小さいのは明らかで、少ないエネルギで移動体を動作させることが本発明により可能となった。出願人は、実車を用いて東京から大阪まで実走を行ったが、エネルギセーブを行うことを確認した。このエネルギ効率は、ハイブリッド技術を用いて車を作動させる場合よりも高かったことを確認し、この発明をハイブリッド車、電気自動車、燃料電池車等に例えばこれらのエネルギ効率を更に高めることができる。
ハイブリッド技術を用いて車を移動させた時の効率をK1とすると、本発明者は実験により本発明のように慣性を用いて車を移動させた時の効率は1.3K1となった。この効率の実験は、以下に示すような方法で行った。距離Lを移動させるのに要するガソリンの量をQとし、ガソリンを用いた通常の動作で、距離Lを走行するのに要するガソリンの量をQ1、本発明を用いて距離Lを走行するのに要するガソリンの量をQ2とすると、次式が成立する。
Q2=Q1/(1.3K1)
According to the present invention, since the moving body moves even in the state of E = 0, it is clear that the energy integrated value (hatched portion) of FIG. 4 is smaller than the energy integrated value (hatched portion) of FIG. The present invention makes it possible to operate a moving body. The Applicant ran an actual vehicle from Tokyo to Osaka, but confirmed that he would save energy. It was confirmed that this energy efficiency was higher than in the case of operating a vehicle using hybrid technology, and the present invention can be further enhanced in hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, fuel cell vehicles, etc., for example.
Assuming that the efficiency when moving a vehicle using the hybrid technology is K1, the present inventor experimentally found that the efficiency when moving a vehicle using inertia as in the present invention was 1.3K1. This efficiency experiment was carried out by the method shown below. Let Q be the amount of gasoline required to move the distance L, Q1 be the amount of gasoline required to travel the distance L in a normal operation using gasoline, and to use the present invention to travel the distance L. If the required amount of gasoline is Q2, the following formula is established.
Q2 = Q1 / (1.3K1)

本発明のエネルギEの制御は手動で行ってもよいが、図5は制御を自動的に行う本発明装置の原理構成図である。図において、10は移動中の車の加速度αを検出する加速度メータ(αM)、11は加速度の上下範囲の限定を可変できるコンピュータ構成のリミッタ(L)、12はリミッタ11によりバッテリ13のオンオフを行うスイッチ(SW)、14は該バッテリ13により駆動されるモータ(M)又はエンジンである。スイッチ12はバッテリ13の出力をモータ又はエンジン14に伝える動作を行うものである。つまり、スイッチがオンの時にはバッテリ13をモータ又はエンジン14に接続し、スイッチがオフの時にはバッテリ13をモータ又はエンジン14から切り離す。このように構成された車の動作を説明すると、以下の通りである。   Although the control of the energy E of the present invention may be performed manually, FIG. 5 is a principle configuration diagram of the device of the present invention which automatically performs the control. In the figure, 10 is an accelerometer (αM) for detecting the acceleration α of a moving vehicle, 11 is a limiter (L) having a computer configuration capable of varying the upper and lower limits of acceleration, and 12 is a limiter 11 for turning on / off the battery 13. The switches (SW) and 14 to perform are a motor (M) or an engine driven by the battery 13. The switch 12 performs an operation of transmitting the output of the battery 13 to the motor or the engine 14. That is, when the switch is on, the battery 13 is connected to the motor or engine 14, and when the switch is off, the battery 13 is disconnected from the motor or engine 14. The operation of the vehicle thus configured will be described below.

移動体を移動する時、リミッタ11はスイッチ12をオンにする。この結果、バッテリ13はモータ又はエンジン14に接続され、モータ又はエンジン14は所定の回転数で回転する。このモータ又はエンジン14で車の動輪を回転させる。動輪が回転すると車1(図2参照)は所定の速度、例えば60km/時速に加速度を上げ走行する。リミッタ11は加速度メータ10の出力を監視している。図4でt1でエネルギEを0にすると、加速度αが0になったことをリミッタ11が感知するようにしておき、リミッタ11はスイッチ12に作用してその接点をオンにする。この結果、自動的にモータ又はエンジン14が動き出し、モータ又はエンジン14には動力が与えられていないので、車の速度は漸次減少し、車は慣性で走行する。しかしやがて速度Vと加速度αが徐々に下がり加速度αはt2で0になる。   When moving the moving body, the limiter 11 turns on the switch 12. As a result, the battery 13 is connected to the motor or engine 14, and the motor or engine 14 rotates at a predetermined rotation speed. This motor or engine 14 rotates the moving wheels of the vehicle. When the driving wheels rotate, the vehicle 1 (see FIG. 2) travels at a predetermined speed, for example 60 km / hour, with an increased acceleration. The limiter 11 monitors the output of the accelerometer 10. When the energy E is set to 0 at t1 in FIG. 4, the limiter 11 senses that the acceleration α has become 0, and the limiter 11 acts on the switch 12 to turn on its contact. As a result, the motor or engine 14 automatically starts moving, and since the motor or engine 14 is not powered, the vehicle speed gradually decreases and the vehicle runs with inertia. However, the velocity V and the acceleration α gradually decrease, and the acceleration α becomes 0 at t2.

ここで、加速度αが所定の値(例えば0)になったことをリミッタ11が検知すると、該リミッタ11はスイッチ12をオンにする。この結果、モータ又はエンジン14は車1の動輪を駆動し、走行を続ける。加速度以外に速度計をリミッタ11に結合して、速度が所定の値になると、リミッタが働きエネルギを発動するようにした場合も本発明に含まれる。
また、前記リミッタ11は下限で作動する説明をしたが、上限で作動する場合も本発明に含まれ、エネルギEがオフにされた状態から、再度エネルギEが追加されるまでの間、ガソリン等エネルギを使用せず車1は慣性力のみで走行することになる。以下、同様の動作を繰り返しながら走行する。本発明によれば、エネルギーが0で慣性力のみで車1は移動することになる。本発明によれば、車1の慣性を活用して動力エネルギを使う必要はないので、エネルギ効率が向上する。
上述の説明において、本発明は通常のガソリン自動車のみならず、ハイブリッド自動車(HV)、電気自動車(EV)、燃料電池車等にも同様に適用することができる。また、上述の説明では、車(自動車)に本発明を適用した場合を例にとったが、ここで本発明が適用される移動体としては、例えば図2で前述した自動車のほか、船舶や航空機のほか、建機、ロボット等あらゆる移動体に適用できる。
図6は本発明を船舶に適用した場合を示す図である。Aは船舶2が通常走行をしている状態を示している。BはAに示す通常走行中にエンジンを切ってから慣性で移動している状態を示す。その他は図2と同じである。
図7は本発明を航空機に適用した場合を示す図である。Aは航空機3が通常飛行をしている状態を示している。BはAに示す通常走行中にエンジンを切ってから慣性で移動している状態を示す。矢印で示すように、航空機の場合は、エンジンを切ると車や船舶のように地面や水がないので、図7に示すように高度が下がるが、滑空し再び上昇して飛行を続ける。
本発明は自動車のみならず、船舶、航空機、建機、ロボットその他あらゆる移動体の装置として、また運転方法として使用でき、これらは全て本発明に含まれる。
Here, when the limiter 11 detects that the acceleration α has reached a predetermined value (for example, 0), the limiter 11 turns on the switch 12. As a result, the motor or engine 14 drives the driving wheels of the vehicle 1 to continue traveling. The present invention also includes a case where a speedometer is coupled to the limiter 11 in addition to the acceleration so that the limiter works to generate energy when the speed reaches a predetermined value.
Further, although the limiter 11 has been described to operate at the lower limit, the case where the limiter 11 operates at the upper limit is also included in the present invention, and from the state in which the energy E is turned off until the energy E is added again, gasoline, etc. The vehicle 1 travels only by inertial force without using energy. After that, the vehicle travels while repeating the same operation. According to the present invention, the vehicle 1 moves with zero energy and only inertial force. According to the present invention, it is not necessary to use the motive energy by utilizing the inertia of the vehicle 1, so that the energy efficiency is improved.
In the above description, the present invention can be applied not only to a normal gasoline vehicle but also to a hybrid vehicle (HV), an electric vehicle (EV), a fuel cell vehicle and the like. Further, in the above description, the case where the present invention is applied to a car (automobile) is taken as an example, but as the moving body to which the present invention is applied, for example, in addition to the car described above in FIG. In addition to aircraft, it can be applied to all types of moving objects such as construction machines and robots.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a case where the present invention is applied to a ship. A shows a state in which the ship 2 is traveling normally. B shows the state shown in A in which the vehicle is moving by inertia after the engine is turned off during the normal running. Others are the same as in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a case where the present invention is applied to an aircraft. A shows the state in which the aircraft 3 is flying normally. B shows the state shown in A in which the vehicle is moving by inertia after the engine is turned off during the normal running. As shown by the arrow, in the case of an aircraft, when the engine is turned off, there is no ground or water like a car or a ship, so the altitude decreases as shown in FIG. 7, but the aircraft glides and rises again to continue flight.
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used not only as an automobile but also as a device for a ship, an aircraft, a construction machine, a robot, or any other moving body and as a driving method, and all of them are included in the present invention.

本発明は、上記の如くあらゆる移動体に利用することができ、産業上の利用可能性大である。   INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be applied to any mobile body as described above, and has great industrial applicability.

1 車
2 船舶
3 航空機
10 加速度メータ
11 リミッタ
12 スイッチ
13 バッテリ
14 モータやエンジン等の動力装置



1 Car 2 Ship 3 Aircraft 10 Accelerometer 11 Limiter 12 Switch 13 Battery 14 Power Device such as Motor and Engine



Claims (2)

移動体に慣性が働いている間はエネルギを絶ち、慣性が無くなった時にエネルギを加えることによりエネルギを節減することを特徴とする移動体。   A moving body characterized in that energy is cut off while the moving body has inertia, and energy is saved by adding energy when the inertia disappears. 移動体に慣性が働いている間はエネルギを絶ち、慣性が無くなった時にエネルギを加えることによりエネルギを節減することを特徴とする移動体運転方法。



A method for operating a moving body, characterized in that energy is cut off while the moving body is under inertia, and energy is saved by adding energy when the inertia disappears.



JP2019237408A 2019-12-26 2019-12-26 Iei (intermittent energy inertia) movable body and movable body operation method Pending JP2020060192A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5622113A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-02 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Method and device for running control of car
JPS6261833A (en) * 1985-09-13 1987-03-18 Mazda Motor Corp Travel control device for vehicle
JPS63121528A (en) * 1986-11-12 1988-05-25 Mazda Motor Corp Control device for engine
JP2004044800A (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control method for vehicle drive unit
JP2006322322A (en) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-30 Mikku Works Kk Fuel-saving operation method for automobile
JP2007187090A (en) * 2006-01-13 2007-07-26 Toyota Motor Corp Speed-maintaining control device
JP2018145903A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 中松 義郎 Iei (intermittent energy inertia) mobile body and mobile body operational method

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5622113A (en) * 1979-07-31 1981-03-02 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Method and device for running control of car
JPS6261833A (en) * 1985-09-13 1987-03-18 Mazda Motor Corp Travel control device for vehicle
JPS63121528A (en) * 1986-11-12 1988-05-25 Mazda Motor Corp Control device for engine
JP2004044800A (en) * 2002-06-28 2004-02-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Control method for vehicle drive unit
JP2006322322A (en) * 2005-05-17 2006-11-30 Mikku Works Kk Fuel-saving operation method for automobile
JP2007187090A (en) * 2006-01-13 2007-07-26 Toyota Motor Corp Speed-maintaining control device
JP2018145903A (en) * 2017-03-07 2018-09-20 中松 義郎 Iei (intermittent energy inertia) mobile body and mobile body operational method

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