JP2020047659A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020047659A JP2020047659A JP2018173084A JP2018173084A JP2020047659A JP 2020047659 A JP2020047659 A JP 2020047659A JP 2018173084 A JP2018173084 A JP 2018173084A JP 2018173084 A JP2018173084 A JP 2018173084A JP 2020047659 A JP2020047659 A JP 2020047659A
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施形態に係る半導体装置の構成例を示す回路図である。本発明の実施形態に係る半導体装置100は、例えば、電源部BTの逆接続が原因で負荷LCTが破壊されることを防ぐために、電源部BTと負荷LCTとの間に接続される保護装置である。逆接続とは、正極と負極とを通常とは逆に接続することである。負荷LCTの種類は限定されないが、一例を挙げると、自動車に取り付けられる電子制御ユニット(ECU:Engine Control Unit)である。図1は、電源部BTの正極及び負極を負荷LCTに正しく接続した(すなわち、通常接続した)例を示している。
なお、電位検出用電極パッドSsは、ソース電極SEと分離せずに一体となっていてもよく、ソース電極SEと制御素子150とが直接接続されてもよい。
電源部BTが負荷LCTに通常接続されると、第1MOSトランジスタTr1は逆方向接続で、第1ボディダイオードBD1は順方向接続となる。また、第2MOSトランジスタTr2は順方向接続で、第2ボディダイオードBD2は逆方向接続となる。制御素子150から第1MOSトランジスタTr1及び第2MOSトランジスタTr2をオンにする電圧信号がゲートにそれぞれ送信されると、図1の2点鎖線で示すように、電流Iは、電源部BTから第1MOSトランジスタTr1、第1ボディダイオードBD1及び第2MOSトランジスタTr2を通って負荷LCTに流れる。電源部BTに対して第1MOSトランジスタTr1は逆方向接続であるが、しきい値電圧と比べて十分に高い電圧信号がゲートに加えられることで、第1MOSトランジスタTr1は導通状態となる。
図2は、本発明の実施形態に係る半導体装置の構成例を示す平面図である。図2では、第1ゲート配線G1L、第2ゲート配線G2Lをそれぞれ線で示している。図3は、図2に示す平面図をIII−III’線で切断した断面図である。図3は、温度検出素子TDに接続するアノード配線AL及びカソード配線KLを含む部位の断面を示している。図4は、図2に示す平面図をIV−IV’線で切断した断面図である。図4は、温度検出素子TDを含まない部位の断面を示している。図5は、図2に示す平面図をV−V’線で切断した断面図である。図5は、第2領域AR2の外周部であって、X軸方向に平行な直線領域の断面を示している。なお、図2から図5には、図23に示す保護膜60は図示していない。
また、支持基板1の不純物濃度は例えば1×1019/cm3以上1×1020/cm3以下であってよい。半導体層2の不純物濃度は例えば、2×1015/cm3以上2×1017/cm3以下であってよい。半導体層2の不純物濃度は電源部BTの電圧によって異なり、接続する電源部BTの電圧以上の耐圧を有し、所望のオン抵抗を得ることができる不純物濃度とすることが必要となる。
第2領域AR2のみに電流検出素子(電流検出用電極パッドCsに相当、後述する第3MOSトランジスタTr3を示す)を設けることで、電流検出素子(第3MOSトランジスタTr3)内の寄生ダイオードにも流れる電流を遮断できる。よって、電流検出素子のソース領域8の面積と電流検出素子の寄生ダイオードの面積の比率を、第1領域AR1の第1MOSトランジスタTr1のソース領域8の面積と第1MOSトランジスタTr1の寄生ダイオードの面積の比率と同じになるように形成しなくてもよい。これにより、電流検出素子(第3MOSトランジスタTr3)のソース領域8の面積を任意に変更するだけで精度の高い電流検出を行うことができる。
半導体素子50において、第1ドレイン領域3aと第1ドレイン領域3a上に配置された第1半導体領域21はドリフト領域として機能し、第2ドレイン領域3bと第2ドレイン領域3b上に配置された第2半導体領域22はドリフト領域として機能する。
半導体素子50において、第1MOSトランジスタTr1のソース領域8は第1ソース領域8aとし、ドレインとして機能する。半導体素子50において、第2MOSトランジスタTr2のソース領域8は第2ソース領域8bとし、ソースとして機能する。
半導体素子50のゲート電極6は長手方向がX軸方向に平行になるように配置されているが、半導体素子51のゲート電極6は長手方向が第1領域AR1と第2領域AR2を横切るY軸方向に平行になるように配置されている。
ゲート電極6の長手方向がY方向に平行になるように配置することで、電流が流れる方向と第1MOSトランジスタTr1及び第2MOSトランジスタTr2でチャネルが形成される領域が同じになるため、電流が流れやすくなる。これにより、オン抵抗特性を向上することができる。
なお、半導体素子51の半導体素子の構造やその効果については、半導体素子50と同じである。
また、図14に示すように、ウェル領域31はトレンチ2TAよりも浅く形成されているのに対して、リサーフ領域32はトレンチ2TAよりも深く形成されている。これにより、リサーフ領域32がウェル領域31と同じ深さで形成されている場合と比べて、トレンチ2TAの終端部分の底部において電界を緩和することができ、空乏層を水平方向と深さ方向の両方へより広く延ばすことができる。これにより、第1領域AR1の外周部と、第2領域AR2の外周部と、境界部AR3とにおいて、耐圧をさらに高めることができる。
なお、図18及び図19に示す電流検出用電極パッドCsと第3MOSトランジスタTr3は、図2から図6に示す半導体素子50と図11から図15に示す半導体素子51のどちらに用いても同じ構造としてよい。
図20は、本発明の実施形態に係る半導体装置の構成例を示す平面図である。図20では、半導体装置100の内部を示すために、樹脂パッケージ130を透視して示している。
図21は、本発明の実施形態に係る半導体素子と制御素子とを拡大して示す平面図である。図22は、本発明の実施形態に係るリードフレームを示す平面図である。図23は、本発明の実施形態に係る半導体装置の構成例を示す断面図である。図23は、図20に示す平面図をXVIII−XVIII’線で切断した断面を示している。
また、電流は、ワイヤー125からドレイン電極DEを流れ、第1ドリフト領域25から第2ドリフト領域26を経由してソース電極SEからワイヤー126に流れる。これにより、ドレイン電極パッドDEPとソース電極パッドSEPとの間は電流が集中しやすくなる。
なお、半導体装置100は、リードフレーム110と、リードフレーム110に搭載された半導体素子50と、半導体素子50に積層された制御素子150と、導電性のワイヤー121から126と、樹脂パッケージ130とを備えているが、半導体素子50を図11から図15に示す半導体素子51に置き換えても同様な効果を得ることができる。
しかしながら、電流は抵抗が低い経路を流れるため、ドリフト領域に流れる電流は、不純物濃度が高い第1ドレイン領域3aから第2ドレイン領域3bに流れる。電流値が低い場合は第1ドレイン領域3aおよび第2ドレイン領域3bの表面に電流が流れ、電流値が高い場合は第1ドレイン領域3aおよび第2ドレイン領域3bの表面から深さ方向に広がりながら電流が流れる。
なお、半導体装置100の半導体素子50は、半導体素子51に置き換えても同様な効果を得ることができる。
上記の実施形態では、温度検出素子TDは、第2領域AR2であって、境界部AR3の近傍に配置されることを説明した。しかしながら、実施形態はこれに限定されない。
また、実施形態の変形例6では、第2部位DE2及び第3部位DE3にワイヤー125が接続し、第2部位SE2及び第3部位SE3にワイヤー126が接続している。制御素子150は、最も高温となり易いドレイン電極パッドDEPとワイヤー125との接合部、及び、ソース電極パッドSEPとワイヤー126との接合部から離れているので、温度の上昇が抑制される。
なお、変形例1及び変形例6において、ゲート電極6の延伸方向は半導体素子50のようにX軸方向に平行としてもよく、半導体素子51のようにY軸方向に平行としてもよい。
上記のように、本発明は実施形態及び変形例によって記載したが、この開示の一部をなす論述及び図面は本発明を限定するものであると理解すべきではない。この開示から当業者には様々な代替実施形態、変形例が明らかとなろう。
1a、2a 表面
1b 裏面
2 半導体層
2TA、2TB トレンチ
3a 第1ドレイン領域
3b 第2ドレイン領域
5 ゲート絶縁膜
5A、14 絶縁膜
6 ゲート電極
6A フィールドプレート
6B 半導体膜
7 p+領域
8 ソース領域
9 層間絶縁膜
11 裏面電極
12 バリアメタル
13 プラグ電極
15 LOCOS膜
21 第1半導体領域
22 第2半導体領域
31 ウェル領域
32 リサーフ領域
33 チャネルストッパ領域
40 pn接合ダイオード
41 p型半導体層
42 n型半導体層
43 中継電極
50、50A、50B、50C、50D 半導体素子
60 保護膜
61 接着剤
100、100A 半導体装置
110 リードフレーム
111 アイランド
112、113、114、115、116 リード端子
121、122、123、124、125、126 ワイヤー
130 樹脂パッケージ
150 制御素子
151 基板
151a 上面
152 保護膜
161、161A、161B、161C、161D、161E、161F、162、163、164、165 電極パッド
A アノード電極パッド
AL アノード配線
AR1 第1領域
AR2 第2領域
AR3 境界部
AR11、AR21 領域
BD1 第1ボディダイオード
BD2 第2ボディダイオード
BD3 第3ボディダイオード
BL 境界
BT 電源部
CE ソース電極
CrE コーナ電極
Cs 電流検出用電極パッド
DE ドレイン電極
DEP ドレイン電極パッド
DE1、SE1 第1部位
DE2、SE2 第2部位
DE3、SE3 第3部位
G1 第1ゲート電極パッド
G1L 第1ゲート配線
G2 第2ゲート電極パッド
G2L 第2ゲート配線
G3L ゲート配線接続部
H91、H92 貫通穴
K カソード電極パッド
KL カソード配線
LCT 負荷
SB 半導体基板
SE ソース電極
SEP ソース電極パッド
Ss 電位検出用電極パッド
TD 温度検出素子
Tr1 第1MOSトランジスタ
Tr2 第2MOSトランジスタ
Tr3 第3MOSトランジスタ
Claims (11)
- 半導体素子と、
前記半導体素子の一方の面上に配置される制御素子と、を備え、
前記半導体素子は、
互いに隣接する第1領域及び第2領域を有する半導体基板と、
前記第1領域に設けられる第1トランジスタと、
前記第2領域に設けられる第2トランジスタと、を有し、
前記第1トランジスタの第1ドレイン領域と前記第2トランジスタの第2ドレイン領域とが接続され、
前記制御素子は、前記第1トランジスタ及び前記第2トランジスタのオン、オフを切り替える、半導体装置。 - 前記第1トランジスタは、
前記半導体素子の一方の面側に配置される第1導電型の第1ソース領域と、
前記第1ソース領域から離して配置される第1導電型の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1ソース領域と前記第1半導体領域との間に配置される第2導電型の第1ウェル領域と、を有し、
前記第2トランジスタは、
前記半導体素子の一方の面側に配置される第1導電型の第2ソース領域と、
前記第2ソース領域から離して配置される第1導電型の第2半導体領域と、
前記第2ソース領域と前記第2半導体領域との間に配置される第2導電型の第2ウェル領域と、を有し、
前記第1ドレイン領域は、前記第1ウェル領域と距離を有して前記第1半導体領域と接し、前記第1半導体領域より不純物濃度が高く、
前記第2ドレイン領域は、前記第2半導体領域と前記第2ウェル領域と距離を有して接し、前記第2半導体領域より不純物濃度が高い、請求項1に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1ドレイン領域と前記第2ドレイン領域とが一体化している、請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記制御素子は、前記第1領域と前記第2領域との境界に跨るように配置される、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記半導体素子は、
前記半導体素子の一方の面側に配置される前記第1領域に設けられるドレイン電極パッドと、
前記半導体素子の一方の面側に配置される前記第2領域に設けられ、前記ドレイン電極パッドから離して配置されるソース電極パッドと、をさらに有し、
前記ドレイン電極パッドは前記第1トランジスタの第1ソース領域に電気的に接続し、
前記ソース電極パッドは前記第2トランジスタの第2ソース領域に電気的に接続する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体素子は、
前記半導体素子の一方の面上に配置される前記制御素子との接続用の電極パッドをさらに有し、
前記半導体基板の法線方向からの平面視で、
前記制御素子は、前記ドレイン電極パッド又は前記ソース電極パッドと前記電極パッドとの間に配置される、請求項5に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1トランジスタは、
前記半導体素子の一方の面側に配置される第1導電型の第1ソース領域と、
前記第1ソース領域から離して配置される第1導電型の第1半導体領域と、
前記第1ソース領域と前記第1半導体領域との間に配置される第2導電型の第1ウェル領域と、を有し、
前記半導体素子は、前記電極パッドとして、
前記第1トランジスタの第1ゲート電極に電気的に接続する第1ゲート電極パッドと、
前記第2トランジスタの第2ゲート電極に電気的に接続する第2ゲート電極パッドと、を有し、
前記第1ゲート電極パッドは、前記第1トランジスタの前記第1ソース領域と前記第1半導体領域との間の前記第1ウェル領域の表面上に第1ゲート絶縁膜を介して形成されたゲート電極に電気的に接続し、
前記第1ゲート電極パッドは、前記第1トランジスタの前記第1ソース領域と前記第1半導体領域との間の前記第1ウェル領域の表面上に第2ゲート絶縁膜を介して形成されたゲート電極に電気的に接続し、
前記第1ゲート電極パッド及び前記第2ゲート電極パッドは、前記半導体基板の外周部に配置される、請求項6に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記第1ゲート電極は、前記半導体素子の一方の面から形成された第1トレンチ内に前記第1ゲート絶縁膜を介して埋め込まれ、
前記第2ゲート電極は、前記半導体素子の一方の面から形成された第2トレンチ内に前記第2ゲート絶縁膜を介して埋め込まれる、請求項7に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体素子は、前記電極パッドとして、
前記半導体基板に流れる電流を検出するための電流検出用電極パッド、を有し、
前記電流検出用電極パッドは、前記第1ソース領域もしくは前記第2ソース領域の一部と電気的に接続され、
前記電流検出用電極パッドは、前記半導体基板の外周部に配置される、請求項6から8のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体素子は、前記電極パッドとして、
前記半導体基板の電位を検出するための電位検出用電極パッド、を有し、
前記電位検出用電極パッドは、前記第1ソース領域もしくは前記第2ソース領域の一部と電気的に接続され、
前記電位検出用電極パッドは、前記半導体基板の外周部に配置される、請求項6から9のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記半導体素子及び前記制御素子を覆うパッケージ、をさらに備える請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の半導体装置。
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