JP2020045904A - 波エネルギー変換装置 - Google Patents
波エネルギー変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
i)セル毎に流体が1組の一方向弁(逆止弁)を通過し、すべてのセルからの流体を合流して(高圧)マニホールドに流入させ、流体を1以上の一方向タービン上に移送する(その結果、1以上の発電機が駆動される)。流体は、第2(低圧)マニホールドと2組目の逆止弁を介して、同一又は他のセルへ戻り流する。又は、
ii)空気は、双方向タービンを内部に有するダクトを通過し、共通貯留部(マニホールド)に入り、いったんセル内の圧力が貯留部の圧力より下方に降下すると、貯留部からの流体が再びセル内に充填される。
の2つの直線列又はバンクから成るV字形状又は山形状の斜視図である。
図1a〜図1kは海底12上に設置された波エネルギー変換装置(WEC)10を示しており、同波エネルギー変換装置10は、自重により海底に載置されている。連続して行われる複数の工程は、本発明の実施例に係る波エネルギー変換装置の波連続全体にわたる波エネルギー変換装置の屈曲性を有する膜16上の波14の挙動を示している。波は頂部14aと底部14bを有する。波エネルギー変換装置は、本体18と、同本体と一体をなす面20とを具備する。面は、独立した面部材として、本体とは別部材によって形成することもできる。面部材と膜は、本体に取り付ける前にあらかじめ互いに取りけられていてもよい。それに代えて、膜と面は、その間に可変の容積セル22を区画するように、外波に対して耐水性を有して封止される。セルの容積は、波エネルギー変換装置内の流体の加圧供給によって増加し、波形の底部14bにおける波の圧力に十分抵抗できるので、膜は膨張し、張力を受ける。波の頂部14aが波エネルギー変換装置に近づき、波エネルギー変換装置上を通過する際(図1a〜1f)、波内の上下うねりと前後うねりの圧力が増大し、膜は、面に向かって、通常は下部前方部から、圧縮され、セル容積は圧縮され、セル内の流体は上方に押し出され、セルの後方及び上方へ傾斜に沿って後方と上方に徐々に進行する。
Claims (33)
- 水域の表面下の水中に沈められて使用され、
少なくとも1つの本体部と、少なくとも2つのセルを具備し、前記各セルが屈曲性を有する膜を具備し、前記各セルが前記各セル内の流体の容積の少なくとも一部を区画し、前記屈曲性を有する膜は使用時に前記水域の水中に沈められる
波の前後うねりおよび上下うねりにより生じた力により前記流体を圧縮して流体流を生成することにより前記波のエネルギーを前記流体流のエネルギーに変換する波エネルギー変換装置であって、
前記少なくとも2つのセルのそれぞれの前記屈曲性を有する膜の一部分は垂直面に対して傾斜しかつ水平面に対して傾斜して、前記波に対して流線形状に形成され、前記各セルの外部の波の圧力と前記各セルの内部圧力の差に応じて前記屈曲性を有する膜のそれぞれが前記本体部に向けて変形することにより前記流体の容積を圧縮し、
前記垂直面及び前記水平面に対して傾いて配置された前記少なくとも1つの屈曲性を有する膜の一部分により、前記波が前記水中に沈められた波エネルギー変換装置上を通過する際に、前記波の前後うねりおよび上下うねりに基づく圧力が各々の前記セル内の流体の圧力に変換され、
前記セルの少なくとも2つは、これらのセルの各々の少なくとも1つの送りポートを通して、圧力送り導管又はマニホールドに圧力を供給するようにしたことを特徴とする波エネルギー変換装置。 - 前記少なくとも2つのセルを含む3つ以上の前記セルが列状に配置されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルは相互に剛的に連結されることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルの各々の屈曲性を有する膜は水平面に対して20°と70°の間で傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルの各々の前記屈曲性を有する膜の前記一部分は前記波エネルギー変換装置上を通過する波の伝搬方向に対して異なる方向に傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波エネルギー変換装置は海底へロープ係留され、又は係留され、又は連結された、あるいは、前記波が前記波エネルギー変換装置上を通過する際に前記波エネルギー変換装置の垂直運動を規制された前記少なくとも2つのセルを具備することを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 少なくとも2つのセルは海底から間隔をあけて海底の上に配置され、海底へロープ係留され、又は係留され、又は連結され、あるいは、波が波エネルギー変換装置上を通過する際に前記波エネルギー変換装置の垂直運動を規制されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルは平均静水面下で水深2.5m〜15mの間に配置されることを特徴とする請求項6に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波エネルギー変換装置が、外部波の流れを制御する直線状又は曲線状又は丸みを有する部分をさらに具備したことを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルを含む複数の前記セルが1以上の直線状、曲線状又は円形の列に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 互いに水平に配置されている波エネルギー変換装置の前記少なくとも2つのセルを具備することを特徴とする請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 少なくとも1つのV形状又は山形状の肢に、前記少なくとも2つのセルを含む複数のセルの直線状及び非直線状の列が配置され、
前記V形状又は山形状の頂点が押し寄せる波の方向または開かれた海/大洋に向けてまたは面して配置され、かつ、前記V形状又は山形状の肢が前記頂点から浜に向けて伸延し、前記波が最初に前記頂点に近づき、その後、V形状又は山形状の肢に傾斜状に流れる、又は、前記頂点が浜に向かう又は波から離れるように指向し、前記直線状又はV形状の肢が開かれた海に向けて前記頂点から突出するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。 - 少なくとも1つの前記列において、少なくとも2つの前記セルのそれぞれの前記屈曲性を有する膜が離間され、前記それぞれの屈曲性を有する膜により前記波の波長の異なる部分において波エネルギー変換されることを特徴とする請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 少なくとも1つの波が通過する際、前記列の少なくとも2つのセルは前記波の波長の異なる部分におけるそれぞれ異なる波圧にさらされるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項13記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記列は、少なくとも2つのセルが前記波の波長の異なる部分におけるそれぞれ異なる波圧にさらされ、前記少なくとも2つのセルのうち、より高い波圧にさらされる前記セルから少なくとも1つの前記ポートを通して流出した前記流体が前記流体を貯留する貯留部又は前記マニホールドを介して少なくとも1つの前記ポートを通してより低い波圧にさらされる前記セルに流入するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項13又は14のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波エネルギー変換装置はさらに、1以上のセル低圧入口ポート、1以上のセル高圧出口ポート、前記セルへ又はセルからそれぞれ流体の流れを結合又は分割する1以上のマニホールド、及び、前記セルからの前記流体によって駆動される1以上のタービンを具備することを特徴とする請求項1から15のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 複数の前記セルを少なくとも1列に配置し、少なくとも1つのタービンを前記各列の終端に向けて又は前記列の長さに沿って設置し、又は、複数の前記セルがV形状又は山形状の複数の前記列に配置され、タービンが前記V字形状又は山形状の近傍又はその頂点に取り付けられ、各列からの気流が結合され、
前記少なくとも1つのタービンは前記セルからの前記流体によって駆動されることを特徴とする請求項12記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。 - 前記波エネルギー変換装置は、各セルのポート又はその近傍に、又は1以上の導管内に又は選択的に低圧又は高圧導管のいずれか又は両方に形成された流体流制御システムを具備し、前記流体流制御システムは、前記複数のセルが少なくとも1つの逆止弁又は少なくとも1つの前記タービン、又は少なくとも1つの逆止弁及び少なくとも1つの前記タービンの組合せからなることを特徴とする請求項16又は17に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波エネルギー変換装置は、波エネルギー変換装置の対向する側各々に少なくとも1つのセルと、波からエネルギーを抽出するための、波に対する第一側の少なくとも1つのセルと、同じ波から及び/又は前記波の戻りによって生じるエネルギーを抽出するための前記少なくとも1つの他のセルを有する複数のセルを具備することを特徴とする請求項1から18のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 列に衝突する波の角度が10度から80度になるようにセルの長手方向列を具備することを特徴とする請求項1から19のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 1枚以上の前記屈曲性を有する膜の少なくとも1つの端部は、曲面、半曲面、孤面又はスプラインを形成していることを特徴とする請求項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 少なくとも1枚の前記屈曲性を有する膜は、収縮される際、各屈曲性を有する膜の膜面が前記セルの面に一致する形状に構成されることを特徴とする請求項1から20のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 制御システムを有する請求項1から22のいずれか1項に記載の水中に沈められた波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法であって、前記水中に沈められた波エネルギー変換装置の前記セル内の流体圧及び/又は低圧又は高圧の導管内の流体圧及び/又は前記システムの少なくとも1つのマニホールド内の流体圧を前記セル上の有効水深に基づいて増加又は低減することを含むことを特徴とする波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 前記制御システムの操作はさらに少なくとも1つの基準圧力値に対応して、少なくとも1つの前記低圧又は高圧の導管内の流体圧及び/又は前記水中に沈められた波エネルギー変換装置の少なくとも1つのマニホールド内の流体圧の増加又は低減を含むことを特徴とする請求項23に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 前記各流体圧は、前記各セル内で決定される流体圧の平均値であることを特徴とする請求項24に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 前記流体圧の平均値は、少なくとも部分的に、特定の瞬間における前記波エネルギー変換装置の1つのセル又は複数のセルにわたる各種圧力、又は、所定期間における1以上の前記セルにわたる各種圧力を平均化して決定されることを特徴とする請求項25に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 前記セル内の最適のセル流体圧を維持するために、潮又は他の影響による水深の変化の関数として前記セル内の流体圧を制御することを含むことを特徴とする請求項23から26のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 前記各セル内の流体圧を水深の増加に対応して増加させ、水から受ける増加した外圧と均衡させ、水深の低減に対応して前記各セル各々内の流体圧を低減し、前記水から受ける減少した圧力と均衡させるようにしたことを特徴とする請求項27に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 海の状況の悪化を実際に判断又は予測する際に、前記セル内の流体圧を低減して前記各屈曲性を有する膜の損傷を防止するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項27又は28に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
- 少なくとも1枚の前記屈曲性を有する膜は、収縮される際、各膜が前記各セルの面に一致する又は前記屈曲性を有する膜にくびれも折り目もなく収縮されることを可能にする寸法を有することを特徴とする請求項1から22のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも2つのセルを含む複数の前記セルを収容するユニットを具備することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記ユニットにおける前記少なくとも2つのセルにおけるそれぞれの前記セルの本体が、1つの本体に形成又は鋳造されることを特徴とする請求項31に記載の波エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記流体圧又は各流体圧は前記少なくとも1つの低圧導管内及び/又は少なくとも1つの高圧導管内及び/又は前記システムのマニホールド内で決定される流体圧の平均値であることを特徴とする請求項23から29のいずれか1項に記載の波エネルギー変換装置内における流体圧を制御する方法。
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2013
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CN104736840A (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
AR092074A1 (es) | 2015-03-18 |
SG11201501203UA (en) | 2015-03-30 |
KR102091300B1 (ko) | 2020-04-16 |
EP2888472A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
US9797367B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
PT2888472T (pt) | 2020-09-18 |
PH12015500333A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
AU2013302296A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
ES2816329T3 (es) | 2021-04-05 |
CA2882165C (en) | 2020-06-16 |
CA2882165A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
AU2013302296B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
CL2015000381A1 (es) | 2015-10-02 |
EP2888472B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
EP2888472A4 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
ZA201501297B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
BR112015005978A8 (pt) | 2019-08-20 |
DK2888472T3 (da) | 2020-09-07 |
MX2015002098A (es) | 2015-07-14 |
CN104736840B (zh) | 2018-12-04 |
US20150226176A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
KR20150041152A (ko) | 2015-04-15 |
NZ705995A (en) | 2018-03-23 |
JP2015524898A (ja) | 2015-08-27 |
PH12015500333B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
JP7039159B2 (ja) | 2022-03-22 |
WO2014026219A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
PE20150927A1 (es) | 2015-06-05 |
BR112015005978A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
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