JP2015524898A - 波力エネルギー変換装置 - Google Patents
波力エネルギー変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
i)セル毎に流体が1組の一方向弁(逆止弁)を通過し、すべてのセルからの流体を合流して(高圧)マニホールドに流入させ、流体を1以上の一方向タービン上に移送する(その結果、1以上の発電機が駆動される)。流体は、第2(低圧)マニホールドと2組目の逆止弁を介して、同一又は他のセルへ戻り流する。又は、
ii)空気は、双方向タービンを内部に有するダクトを通過し、共通貯留部(マニホールド)に入り、いったんセル内の圧力が貯留部の圧力より下方に降下すると、貯留部からの流体が再びセル内に充填される。
図1a〜図1kは海底12上に設置された波力エネルギー変換装置(WEC)10を示しており、同波力エネルギー変換装置10は、自重により海底に載置されている。連続して行われる複数の工程は、本発明の実施例に係る波力エネルギー変換装置の波連続全体にわたる波力エネルギー変換装置の屈曲性を有する膜16上の波14の挙動を示している。波は頂部14aと底部14bを有する。波力エネルギー変換装置は、本体18と、同本体と一体をなす面20とを具備する。面は、独立した面部材として、本体とは別部材によって形成することもできる。面部材と膜は、本体に取り付ける前にあらかじめ互いに取りけられていてもよい。それに代えて、膜と面は、その間に可変の容積セル22を区画するように、外波に対して耐水性を有して封止される。セルの容積は、波力エネルギー変換装置内の流体の加圧供給によって増加し、波形の底部14bにおける波の圧力に十分抵抗できるので、膜は膨張し、張力を受ける。波の頂部14aが波力エネルギー変換装置に近づき、波力エネルギー変換装置上を通過する際(図1a〜1f)、波内の上下うねりと前後うねりの圧力が増大し、膜は、面に向かって、通常は下部前方部から、圧縮され、セル容積は圧縮され、セル内の流体は上方に押し出され、セルの後方及び上方へ傾斜に沿って後方と上方に徐々に進行する。
Claims (60)
- 本体部と、一定の容積を有する流体の少なくとも一部を区画する少なくとも1枚の屈曲性を有する膜とを具備する波力エネルギー変換装置であって、
前記少なくとも1枚の膜の大部分は垂直から傾斜して、波力エネルギーが前記波力エネルギー変換装置上を進行するための円滑流路を形成するとともに、流体を圧縮するために前記少なくとも1枚の膜を前記本体部に向けて変形し、前記少なくとも1枚の膜の傾きによって、波の位置エネルギーと運動エネルギーの前記流体内の圧力への変換を助長するようにしたことを特徴とする波力エネルギー変換装置。 - 本体部と、被圧縮流体の少なくとも1つのセル(cell)容積の少なくとも一部を形成する少なくとも1枚の屈曲性を有する膜とを具備する波力エネルギー変換装置であって、
前記少なくとも1枚の膜は、同膜の下部から上部に向けて傾斜し、前記波力エネルギー変換装置に衝突する波を前記少なくとも1枚の膜上を流れるようにし、前記波の前後うねりと上下うねりから生じる力によって前記少なくとも1枚の膜を前記本体部に向けて変形して前記少なくとも1つの容積における前記流体を圧縮するようにしたことを特徴とする波力エネルギー変換装置。 - 少なくとも1つのポートを有し、前記膜に衝突するセル容積内の流体の圧力より高い波圧によって前記膜が変形し、前記被圧縮流体は、前記少なくとも1つのポートを通して前記セルの外部に強制的に押し出されることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのポートは、前記各セルの上部後方部に又は同上部後方部の近傍に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項3記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記本体は、前記少なくとも1枚の膜に対向する少なくとも1つの面を有し、前記膜は波力によって前記面に向けて変形されることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記下部は前方に位置し、前記上部は後方に位置することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記本体部及び少なくとも1枚の膜は、前記下部から前記上部に向けて上方及び後方に傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記セル内の被圧縮流体は、空気又はその他の気体状流体であることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記セルを複数具備することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記セルは相互に剛的に連結されて複数セル波力エネルギー変換装置を形成することを特徴とする請求項9記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 1以上の前記少なくとも一面は、所望の面形状を形成するため、前記本体の一部として鋳込み成形又は型成形される又は前記本体に連結される剛性を有する又は半剛性を有する面部材上に形成されることを特徴とする請求項5記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記膜は、前記変換装置に取り付け可能なユニットの一部として前記面部材に連結可能としたことを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項11記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも一面は、前記本体に鋳込み成形されることを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項11記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも1枚の膜は、前記本体に着脱自在に連結可能としたことを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記各膜は、外圧に打ち勝つ各セル内の十分な内圧によって膨張することによって凸形状を有することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記凸形状は水平面及び垂直面に対して所定の角度で傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項15記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記セルが前記前部から後部に向けて上方に傾斜するように、前記各セルの最前方部は前記セルの最後方部の下方に位置することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのセルは水平面に対して0°と90°の間で傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項10又は請求項11記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記少なくとも1つのセルは水平面に対して20°と60°の間で傾斜するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項18記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記変換装置は海底への係留具又は連結具を具備することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は、外浜型水中空圧式緩和型波力エネルギー変換装置、沖合水中深水型波力エネルギー変換装置又は防波堤型波力エネルギー変換装置であることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置の後部に外部流体の流れを制御する直線状または曲線状または丸みを有する形状をしたことを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記複数のセルが1以上の直線状の列に配置されていることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 2つの直線状の列が連結されV形状又は山形状に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項23記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 使用時に、前記V形状又は山形状の頂点が、押し寄せる波の方向または開かれた海/大洋に向けてまたは面して配置され、かつ、前記V形状又は山形状の腕または脚が前記頂点から前記浜に向けて伸延し、前記波が最初に前記頂点に近づき、その後、V形状又は山形状、各腕/脚に沿って傾斜状に流れることを特徴とする請求項24記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記V形状又は山形状配置の頂点が前記浜に向けて指向しかつ波から離れ、前記V形状の腕又は脚は前記頂点から離れ、大洋に向けて突出することにしたことを特徴とする請求項24記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記V形状又は山形状の挟角は実質的に又は略45°から175°の範囲内にあることを特徴とする請求項25又は請求項26記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記内角は60°から120°の範囲を特徴とする請求項27記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は、解放された曲面状又は弧状に形成され、前記曲面または前記孤は、解放側が浜に向かい又は同開放側が大洋に向かうように配置されている事を特徴とする請求項25記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は、水中型波力エネルギー変換装置であることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記セルは、全方向の波スペクトルを受けるために円形又は環状の形状を有することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 使用時における前記膜の最初の圧縮において、最初に前記波圧が前記膜の前方下部を押圧することによって側面視で伸長したS形状の中間形状が前記膜に形成され、前記膜は前記セル容積内の流体を、その上方に位置する前記セルの少なくとも1つのポートに向けて絞り出すようにしたことを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記膜の有効幅は前記セル面の有効幅と一致することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記各セルと連携する少なくとも1つのポートは前記セルの上部の近傍に設けられ、前記流体を前記セルから少なくとも1つの逆止弁又は双方向タービンに連通させることによって収縮ストロークにおける波圧によって膜が圧縮されることによって前記セルの容積からの液体の排除を最大にすることができるようにしたことを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 各直線状列の長手方向長さは特定位置における主エネルギー波の平均波長と等しくしたことを特徴とする請求項23、24又は25のいずれか1項に記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記各直線状列の長さは40mから80mの範囲内であることを特徴とする請求項28記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記列は、前記1つのセルが波の頂部圧下にあり流体を前記少なくとも1つのポートを通して前記セルからポンプ作用によって流出させる際に、他のセルは波の最小圧下にあり貯留部又は低圧マニホールドから前記セルの少なくとも1つのポートを通して戻る流体を受けるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項23、24、25、35、又は36のいずれか1項に記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記各セル及び又は前記システムの低圧または高圧のマニホールド内の平均圧を上昇させたり下降させたりするように配置された制御システムをさらに具備することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記制御システムは、潮時またはその他の長期間による影響によって水深が変化するにつれて及び主なまたは現在の海の状態の最適条件に基づいて最適セル圧を維持する空気圧システムを具備することを特徴とする請求項38記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置はさらに、前記セルからの圧力流によって駆動される1以上のタービンを具備し、前記1以上のタービンは1以上の発電機を駆動することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記複数のセルがV形状又は山形状に配置され、かつ、前記タービンと発電機が前記V字形状又は山形状の近傍又はその頂点に取り付けられることによって各腕/脚からの気流が結合されることを特徴とする請求項40記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記複数のセルがV形状又は山形状に配置され、かつ、前記タービンと発電機が前記V字形状又は山形状の各脚/腕の端部に向けて又は同端部に、又は、前記脚/腕の長さ方向のいずれかの箇所に取り付けられることを特徴とする請求項40記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 変換装置は、前記セルからの被圧縮流体の流れによって駆動される1以上のタービンからの出力によって駆動される少なくとも1つのポンプを具備することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は複数の部品からなるキットとして提供されることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記本体はプレキャストコンクリートから成ることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 各セルの少なくとも一部は前記本体と一体的に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項43、又は44、又は45記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記1以上の面は少なくとも1つの置換可能な弁又は双方向タービンを受載する開口を有することを特徴とする請求項5又は請求項11記載の波力エネルギー変換装置
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は、多曲面、凸状、凹状または直線状の後部または後面を有することを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置は、それぞれ対向する側に前記少なくとも1つのセルを具備し、第一側の前記少なくとも1つのセルは波からエネルギーを抽出するために設けられ、前記少なくとも1つの他のセルは前記波の戻りによって生じるエネルギーを抽出するために設けられることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記膜は前記変換装置本体の上部及び下部に又は前記上部及び下部の近傍に連結されることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記波力エネルギー変換装置の1以上の端部において前記膜には、曲面、半曲面、孤面またはスプラインが形成されていることを特徴とする前記請求項のいずれかに記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 前記各端における前記膜は、それぞれエラストマーの性質を利用し又はエラストマーの歪又は応力が低減するように幾何学的な形状を有することを特徴とする請求項51記載の波力エネルギー変換装置。
- 請求項1から52のいずれか1項に記載の波力エネルギー変換装置と、前記波力エネルギー変換装置上または、その近傍に取り付けられる発電機を具備することを特徴とする波力エネルギーシステム。
- 波力エネルギー変換装置(WEC)システム内における流体圧を制御又は最適化する方法であって、少なくとも1つのセル内の流体圧及び/又は低圧又は高圧の導管内の流体圧及び/又は前記システムの少なくとも1つのマニホールド内の流体圧を増加または低減することを特徴とする波力エネルギー変換装置内の流体圧力を制御又は最適化する方法。
- 少なくとも1つの基準圧力値に対して流体圧を増加または低減する工程を具備することを特徴とする請求項54記載の方法。
- 前記各基準圧力値は、前記各セル内における流体圧、及びまたは前記低圧及び/または高圧導管内の流体圧及び/又は前記システムのマニホールド内の流体圧にもとづいて決定される流体圧の平均値であることを特徴とする請求項55記載の方法。
- 前記平均圧は、少なくとも部分的に、前記波力エネルギー変換システムの1つのセル又は複数のセルにわたる各種圧力を、特定の時間又は1以上のセルを越える時間内で平均化して決定されることを特徴とする請求項56記載の方法。
- 前記セル内の流体圧を制御または最適化して潮又は他の影響による水深の変化の機能として最適のセル流体圧を維持すること特徴とする請求項54記載の方法。
- 前記セル内の流体圧は水深の増加とともに増加し、水から受ける増加した外圧と均衡し、水深が低減するにつれて前記セル内の流体圧も低減し、前記水によって生じた減少した圧力と均衡するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項58記載の方法。
- 海の状況の悪化を実際に判断又は予測する際に前記セル内の流体圧を低減して前記膜の損傷を防止するようにしたこと波力エネルギー変換装置を特徴とする請求項54記載の方法。
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JP2020045904A (ja) * | 2012-08-17 | 2020-03-26 | ボムボラ ウェーブ パワー プロプライエタリー リミテッドBombora Wave Power Pty Ltd | 波エネルギー変換装置 |
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US9777701B2 (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2017-10-03 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Carpet of wave energy conversion (CWEC) |
FR3022954A1 (fr) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-01-01 | Christian Carme | Installation pour la recuperation de l'energie d'une houle et/ou pour l'attenuation active de ladite houle |
GB2544724A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2017-05-31 | Quoceant Ltd | Extendable and stowable volume for wave energy converters and other applications |
WO2017143399A1 (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2017-08-31 | Bombora Wave Power Pty Ltd | Wave energy conversion/convertors |
CN105763022B (zh) * | 2016-03-30 | 2018-08-17 | 山东大学 | 鳐鱼式液态金属磁流体发电装置及发电方法 |
EP3343021A1 (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-07-04 | Quoceant Ltd | Variable volume hull for wave energy converters |
CN111566339B (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2022-11-01 | 格罗宁根大学 | 水下能量存储系统 |
KR101946390B1 (ko) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-02-11 | 송승관 | 웨이브 서지 컨버팅 장치 |
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GB201903230D0 (en) | 2019-03-11 | 2019-04-24 | Bombora Wave Power Europe Ltd | Wave energy converter cell |
GB202004016D0 (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-06 | Bombora Wave Power Europe Ltd | Wave energy conversion system |
GB2596043A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-12-22 | Bombora Wave Power Europe Ltd | Wave Energy converter control |
WO2024003077A1 (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-01-04 | Wave Mining Solutions Limited | Wave energy converter |
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US20150226176A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
KR102091300B1 (ko) | 2020-04-16 |
SG11201501203UA (en) | 2015-03-30 |
JP7039159B2 (ja) | 2022-03-22 |
PE20150927A1 (es) | 2015-06-05 |
BR112015005978A8 (pt) | 2019-08-20 |
WO2014026219A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
AU2013302296A1 (en) | 2015-04-02 |
DK2888472T3 (da) | 2020-09-07 |
PT2888472T (pt) | 2020-09-18 |
CN104736840A (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
EP2888472A4 (en) | 2016-06-08 |
US9797367B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
CN104736840B (zh) | 2018-12-04 |
CL2015000381A1 (es) | 2015-10-02 |
KR20150041152A (ko) | 2015-04-15 |
BR112015005978A2 (pt) | 2017-07-04 |
MX2015002098A (es) | 2015-07-14 |
NZ705995A (en) | 2018-03-23 |
PH12015500333B1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
ZA201501297B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
EP2888472B1 (en) | 2020-07-22 |
AR092074A1 (es) | 2015-03-18 |
CA2882165C (en) | 2020-06-16 |
ES2816329T3 (es) | 2021-04-05 |
EP2888472A1 (en) | 2015-07-01 |
PH12015500333A1 (en) | 2015-04-20 |
AU2013302296B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 |
CA2882165A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
JP2020045904A (ja) | 2020-03-26 |
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