JP2020025944A - Distillation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

To inhibit deterioration of distillation efficiency.SOLUTION: A distillation apparatus 100 includes: a body 210 having a distillate fluid discharge port 212a, a bottom product discharge port 212b, and a raw material liquid supply port 212c provided between the distillate fluid discharge port 212a and the bottom product discharge port 212b; a recovery part 300 provided at the body part 210 and having heaters 310 disposed between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the bottom product discharge port 212b; a concentration part 400 provided at the body 210 and having coolers 410 disposed between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the distillate fluid discharge port 212a; and heat insulation parts 500 provided in at least one of the recovery part 300 and the concentration part 400.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present disclosure relates to a distillation apparatus.

  BACKGROUND ART Distillation apparatuses are used for distillation of alcoholic beverages, edible oils, petrochemical products, etc., removal of ammonia, recovery of carbon dioxide, production of pharmaceuticals, and the like. The distillation apparatus is an apparatus that separates a raw material liquid containing a low-boiling component and a high-boiling component into a distillate and a bottoms.

  As such a distillation apparatus, a distillation apparatus including a main body in which a vapor phase and a liquid phase are formed, and a plurality of heat exchange channels provided in an outer wall of the main body is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). . The distillation apparatus of Patent Document 1 heats or cools the fluid in the main body by passing the heat exchange fluid through a plurality of heat exchange channels.

JP 2012-130918 A

  In the distillation apparatus of Patent Document 1, since heat exchange channels are adjacent to each other, heat interference occurs between the heat exchange channels. Then, there is a problem that the temperature distribution in the main body is different from the target value, and the distillation efficiency is reduced.

  The present disclosure has been made in view of such a problem, and has as its object to provide a distillation apparatus capable of suppressing a decrease in distillation efficiency.

  In order to solve the above problems, a distillation apparatus according to an aspect of the present disclosure is provided with a distillate fluid outlet, a bottoms discharge outlet, and a distillate fluid outlet and a bottoms discharge port. A main body having a raw material liquid supply port, a collector provided in the main body and having a heater disposed between the raw material liquid supply port and the bottoms discharge port, and a main body liquid supply port provided in the main body. A concentration unit having a cooler disposed between the discharge unit and the distillate fluid outlet; and a heat insulation unit provided in at least one of the recovery unit and the concentration unit.

  The recovery unit may include a plurality of heaters, and a heat insulating unit may be provided between the heaters.

  The concentrating unit may include a plurality of coolers, and a heat insulating unit may be provided between the coolers.

  Further, the heat insulating portion may include a void or a hole formed in the main body.

  Further, the heat insulating portion may include a void or a porous body provided in the hole.

  Further, the heat insulating portion may be provided over the entire circumference of the main body.

  According to the present disclosure, it is possible to suppress a decrease in distillation efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a distillation apparatus. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the distillation unit. FIG. 3A is a sectional view taken along line IIIa of FIG. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIa of FIG. 2 from which the lid is omitted. FIG. 3C is a top view of the lid. FIG. 3D is a top view of the storage unit.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The dimensions, materials, other specific numerical values, and the like shown in the embodiments are merely examples for facilitating understanding, and do not limit the present disclosure unless otherwise specified. In the specification and the drawings, elements having substantially the same function and configuration are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted. Elements not directly related to the present disclosure are not shown.

(Distillation device 100)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the distillation apparatus 100. In the following drawings including FIG. 1 of the present embodiment, the X-axis (horizontal direction), the Y-axis (horizontal direction), and the Z-axis (vertical direction) that intersect vertically are defined as shown. In FIG. 1, the flow of the liquid is indicated by solid arrows, and the flow of the gas is indicated by broken arrows.

  The distillation apparatus 100 separates the raw material liquid into a distillate fluid (distillate or distillate gas) and a bottoms. The raw material liquid contains a low boiling component and a high boiling component having a higher boiling point than the low boiling component. The distillate fluid has a higher concentration of low boiling components than the raw material liquid. The bottoms have a higher boiling point component than the raw material liquid. The raw material liquid is, for example, an edible oil, a physiologically active substance, or the like. In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the distillation apparatus 100 separates a raw material liquid into a distillate and a bottom liquid will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the distillation apparatus 100 includes a raw material liquid storage container 110, a raw material liquid supply pump 112, a distillation unit 120, a bottom discharge pump 130, a bottom liquid storage container 132, and a distillate. It includes a delivery pump 140 and a distillate storage container 142.

  The raw material liquid storage container 110 is a container that stores the raw material liquid. The raw material liquid supply pump 112 has a suction side connected to the raw material liquid storage container 110 and a discharge side connected to the raw material liquid supply port 212 c of the distillation unit 120. The raw material liquid supply pump 112 sends out the raw material liquid stored in the raw material liquid storage container 110 to the distillation unit 120.

  The distillation unit 120 distills the raw material liquid. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the distillation unit 120. As shown in FIG. 2, the distillation unit 120 includes a main body 210, ribs 220A and 220B, a recovery unit 300, and a concentration unit 400.

  The main body 210 is a hollow member having a prismatic shape. The main body 210 is formed of a metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel. Body 210 includes a bottom 212, a top 214, and sides 216.

  The bottom part 212 is a member having a flat plate shape. At one end of the bottom 212 in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2, a distillate fluid outlet 212a is provided. On the other end of the bottom 212 in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2, a bottom discharge port 212b is provided. A raw material liquid supply port 212c is provided between the distillate discharge port 212a and the bottom liquid discharge port 212b on the bottom 212.

  The rib 220A is a member that stands upright from the bottom 212 and extends from the raw material liquid supply port 212c side to the bottom liquid discharge port 212b side. The rib 220B is a member that stands from the bottom 212 and extends from the distillate discharge port 212a to the raw material liquid supply port 212c. A plurality (here, 6) of the ribs 220A and 220B are provided. In the present embodiment, the width of the base end 222 (the width in the X-axis direction in FIG. 2) of the ribs 220A and 220B is larger than the width of the front end 224. Further, the tips 224 of the ribs 220A and 220B are separated from the upper part 214.

  The distance between the base ends 222 of the adjacent ribs 220A is, for example, about 1 mm. The distance between the tips 224 of the adjacent ribs 220A is, for example, about 2 mm. The distance between adjacent ribs 220B is substantially equal to the distance between adjacent ribs 220A. The height of the ribs 220A and 220B (the height from the base end 222 to the front end 224, the height in the Z-axis direction in FIG. 2) is, for example, about 3 mm. The distance between the tip 224 of the ribs 220A and 220B and the upper part 214 is, for example, about 100 μm to 10 mm (here, 1 mm). Further, the length L from the center of the distillate discharge port 212a to the center of the bottom discharge port 212b is, for example, 300 mm.

  The side portion 216 is a tubular (square tubular) member. The side part 216 is provided on the bottom part 212. The upper part 214 is a plate-shaped member. The upper part 214 is provided on the side part 216. Therefore, the space surrounded by the bottom portion 212, the side portions 216, and the upper portion 214 is a distillation space for distilling the raw material liquid.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the main body 210 (the bottom portion 212 and the upper portion 214) is inclined vertically downward (the Z-axis direction in FIG. 2) from the distillate discharge port 212a toward the bottom discharge port 212b. The inclination angle of the main body 210 is, for example, about 2.5 degrees.

  The recovery section 300 (reboiler) is provided in the main body 210, and has a heater 310 disposed between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the bottom liquid discharge port 212b. The heater 310 is constituted by a heat exchanger. A plurality (here, six) of heaters 310 are provided between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the bottom liquid discharge port 212b in the main body 210 (bottom part 212). That is, the plurality of heaters 310 are provided in parallel from the raw material liquid supply port 212c side to the bottom liquid discharge port 212b side.

  The recovery unit 300 heats the space between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the bottom liquid discharge port 212b in the main body 210 (bottom part 212) to a temperature equal to or higher than the boiling point of the low boiling component. The plurality of heaters 310 heat the main body 210 so as to become higher in temperature from the raw material liquid supply port 212c side to the bottom liquid discharge port 212b side. The heating temperature of each of the heaters 310 is determined based on the composition of the raw material liquid and the distillation efficiency.

  The concentrating unit 400 (condenser) has a cooler 410 provided in the main body 210 and disposed between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the distillate fluid discharge port 212a. The cooler 410 is configured by a heat exchanger. The plurality of coolers 410 (six in this case) are provided at positions corresponding to the positions between the raw material liquid supply ports 212c and the distillate fluid discharge ports 212a in the main body 210 (upper part 214). That is, the plurality of coolers 410 are provided in parallel from the raw material liquid supply port 212c side to the distillate fluid discharge port 212a side.

  The concentrating unit 400 cools the space between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the distillate fluid discharge port 212a in the main body 210 (upper part 214) to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the low boiling component. The plurality of coolers 410 cool the main body 210 so that the temperature becomes lower as going from the raw material liquid supply port 212c side to the distillate discharge port 212a. The cooling temperature of each cooler 410 is determined based on the composition of the raw material liquid and the distillation efficiency.

  The heat insulation unit 500 is provided in the collection unit 300 and the concentration unit 400. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating units 500 are provided between the heaters 310 and between the coolers 410. The heat insulating section 500 is a gap (slit) formed in the main body 210. A plurality of heat insulating portions 500 are provided in parallel in a direction from the distillate discharge port 212a in the main body 210 toward the bottom discharge port 212b. In the present embodiment, the heat insulating portion 500 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the bottom portion 212, the upper portion 214, and the side portion 216. The width of the heat insulating portion 500 (the width in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2) is, for example, 4 mm.

  More specifically, the heat insulating portion 500 is formed on the surface of the bottom portion 212 opposite to the surface on which the ribs 220A and 220B are provided, and on the side surface (the surface extending in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2). Further, the heat insulating portion 500 is formed on a side surface (a surface extending in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2) of the side portion 216. Further, the heat insulating portion 500 is formed on the upper surface and the side surface (the surface extending in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 2) of the upper portion 214. The heat insulating portion 500 formed on the bottom portion 212 is continuous with the heat insulating portion 500 formed on the side portion 216. The heat insulating part 500 formed on the side part 216 is continuous with the heat insulating part 500 formed on the upper part 214. That is, the heat insulating section 500 is provided over the entire circumference of the main body 210.

  FIG. 3A is a sectional view taken along line IIIa of FIG. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line IIIa of FIG. 2 from which the lid 414 is omitted. FIG. 3C is a top view of the lid 414. FIG. 3D is a top view of the storage section 412. Since the configuration of the heater 310 is substantially the same as the configuration of the cooler 410, here, the cooler 410 will be described in detail, and the description of the heater 310 will be omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the cooler 410 is provided between the adjacent heat insulating units 500. The cooler 410 includes a storage section 412 and a lid section 414. The accommodation section 412 is a rectangular hole formed between the heat insulation sections 500 in the upper portion 214. That is, the accommodation section 412 is formed between the wall sections 510 forming the heat insulation section 500. A plurality of protrusions 412a are formed on the bottom surface of the housing 412. The protrusion 412a extends in the X-axis direction in FIGS. 3A, 3B, and 3D.

  As shown in FIGS. 3A and 3C, the lid 414 includes a sealing portion 414a and a top 414b. The sealing portion 414a is a rectangular column member. The sealing section 414a is housed in the housing section 412. The width of the sealing portion 414a in the Y-axis direction in FIG. 3A is substantially equal to the width of the housing portion 412 in the Y-axis direction.

  The top 414b is a rectangular plate member. The top 414b is continuous with the sealing portion 414a. The top part 414b has a larger area on the XY plane (horizontal plane) in FIGS. 3A and 3C than the sealing part 414a. The lid portion 414 maintains a dimensional relationship in which the lower end of the sealing portion 414a contacts the protruding portion 412a when the top portion 414b contacts the wall portion 510 that divides the heat insulating portion 500 and the housing portion 412. .

  Further, through holes 412b and 412c are formed on the side surface (the surface extending in the Y-axis direction in FIGS. 3B and 3D) of the upper portion 214 forming the accommodation portion 412. The through hole 412b is connected to a discharge side of a pump (not shown). The pump discharges a refrigerant having a boiling point lower than the low boiling point component. Thereby, the refrigerant is supplied to the storage section 412 through the through-hole 412b. Note that the refrigerant is first supplied to the buffer area 412d on the bottom surface of the storage section 412 where the protrusion 412a is not formed. Then, the refrigerant supplied to the buffer region 412d passes through the flow path formed between the protrusions 412a in the X-axis direction in FIG. 3D, and reaches the buffer region 412e. Then, the refrigerant is discharged from the buffer region 412e to the outside through the through holes 412c. The discharged refrigerant is cooled and then supplied to the pump. As described above, when the refrigerant passes through the storage section 412, the space between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the distillate fluid discharge port 212a in the main body 210 (upper part 214) is cooled to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the low boiling point component.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the bottom discharge pump 130 has a suction side connected to the bottom discharge port 212b and a discharge side connected to the bottom storage container 132. The bottom discharge pump 130 draws the bottom from the distillation unit 120 (main body 210) through the bottom discharge port 212b. The bottoms storage container 132 stores the bottoms extracted by the bottoms discharge pump 130.

  The distillate delivery pump 140 has a suction side connected to the distillate fluid outlet 212 a and a discharge side connected to the distillate storage container 142. The distillate sending pump 140 extracts the distillate from the distillation unit 120 (main body 210) through the distillate fluid outlet 212a. The distillate storage container 142 stores the distillate extracted by the distillate delivery pump 140.

  Next, the distillation of the raw material liquid by the distillation apparatus 100 will be described. First, the raw material liquid supply pump 112 supplies the raw material liquid from the raw material liquid storage container 110 to the raw material liquid supply port 212 c of the main body 210 of the distillation unit 120. As described above, the main body 210 is inclined vertically downward from the distillate discharge port 212a toward the bottom discharge port 212b. For this reason, the raw material liquid flows inside the main body 210 (between the ribs 220A and between the ribs 220B) toward the bottom discharge port 212b.

  The space between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the bottoms discharge port 212b in the main body 210 is heated by the recovery unit 300 to a temperature higher than the boiling point of the low boiling point component. Therefore, the raw material liquid is heated in the process of flowing from the raw material liquid supply port 212c to the bottom discharge port 212b in the main body 210. As a result, in the main body 210, a vapor (gas) containing a large amount of low-boiling components is generated from the raw material liquid.

  In addition, the amount of generated steam (hereinafter, simply referred to as “steam”) containing a large amount of low-boiling components increases from the raw material liquid supply port 212c to the bottoms discharge port 212b. Therefore, a pressure difference occurs between the raw material liquid supply port 212c side and the bottom liquid discharge port 212b side in the main body 210. That is, the pressure is higher on the side of the bottom discharge port 212b than on the side of the raw material supply port 212c. Therefore, the vapor generated in the main body 210 flows in the opposite direction to the flow of the liquid, that is, toward the raw material liquid supply port 212c (the distillate discharge port 212a).

  On the other hand, the space between the raw material liquid supply port 212c and the distillate fluid discharge port 212a in the main body 210 is cooled by the concentrating unit 400 to a temperature lower than the boiling point of the low boiling component. Therefore, the steam is cooled in the process of flowing from the raw material liquid supply port 212c to the distillate discharge port 212a in the main body 210. As a result, in the main body 210, the low-boiling component and the high-boiling component contained in the vapor condense into a liquid (condensed liquid). Then, the condensate flows under its own weight toward the bottom discharge port 212b. Thereby, reflux is performed, and it becomes possible to improve the distillation efficiency of low-boiling components and high-boiling components.

  Then, the liquid condensed in the region above the distillate fluid outlet 212a in the main body 210 is stored in the distillate storage container 142 as the distillate through the distillate fluid outlet 212a.

  On the other hand, the liquid from which the vapor has been removed in the main body 210 (the liquid that has not evaporated) is drawn out of the main body 210 by the bottom discharge pump 130 through the bottom discharge port 212b as bottom liquid. The bottom liquid extracted by the bottom discharge pump 130 is stored in the bottom liquid storage container 132.

  As described above, the distillation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment includes the heat insulating units 500 between the adjacent heaters 310 and between the adjacent coolers 410. Thereby, the thermal interference between the heaters 310 having different heating temperatures and the thermal interference between the coolers 410 having different cooling temperatures can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to easily set the temperature distribution in the main body 210 to a target value (temperature distribution for achieving optimal distillation efficiency). For this reason, the distillation apparatus 100 can suppress a decrease in the distillation efficiency of the raw material liquid.

  Further, since thermal interference between the heaters 310 and between the coolers 410 is suppressed, the amount of heat input to the heater 310 and the amount of cold heat applied to the cooler 410 can be minimized. Thereby, the cost required for heating and cooling the main body 210 can be reduced.

  Further, the distillation apparatus 100 includes a heat insulating portion 500 over the entire circumference of the main body 210. For this reason, the distillation apparatus 100 can suppress thermal interference between the space inside the main body 210 heated by one heater 310 and the space heated by another heater 310 adjacent thereto. Similarly, the distillation apparatus 100 can suppress thermal interference between the space inside the main body 210 cooled by one cooler 410 and the space cooled by another adjacent cooler 410. Therefore, the distillation apparatus 100 can improve the distillation efficiency of the raw material liquid.

  Further, in the distillation apparatus 100 of the present embodiment, the main body 210 is configured so that the raw material liquid and the condensate flow between the ribs 220A or between the ribs 220B. If the width of the flow path through which the liquid flows is large, the difference between the flow velocity of the liquid flowing through the end of the flow path and the flow velocity of the liquid flowing through the center of the flow path increases due to the surface tension of the liquid. Therefore, by setting the width between the ribs 220A and between the ribs 220B to 2 mm or less, it is possible to reduce the difference between the flow velocity of the liquid flowing at the end of the flow path and the flow velocity of the liquid flowing at the center of the flow path. It is possible to make the flow velocity uniform in the flow path.

  Although the embodiments have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is needless to say that the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made within the scope of the appended claims, and those modifications naturally belong to the technical scope of the present disclosure. Is done.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the case where the heat insulating portion 500 is provided over the entire circumference of the main body 210 has been described as an example. However, the heat insulating unit 500 may be provided in at least one of the collecting unit 300 and the concentrating unit 400. Therefore, at least one of them between adjacent heaters 310 and between adjacent coolers 410 may be provided. Further, the heat insulating part 500 may be provided at least in part between the heaters 310, and the heat insulating part 500 may be provided in at least part of the space between the coolers 410. Further, a heat insulating portion 500 is provided between a portion (for example, the upper portion 214) corresponding to one heater 310 and a portion (for example, the upper portion 214) corresponding to the heater 310 adjacent to the one heater 310. You may. Similarly, a heat insulating portion 500 is provided between a portion corresponding to one cooler 410 (for example, the bottom portion 212) and a portion corresponding to the cooler 410 adjacent to the one cooler 410 (for example, the bottom portion 212). You may be.

  Further, the number of heat insulating units 500 provided in the collecting unit 300 is not limited. For example, it is not necessary to provide the heat insulating part 500 between all the heaters 310. Similarly, the number of heat insulating units 500 provided in the concentrating unit 400 is not limited. For example, the heat insulating section 500 may not be provided between the coolers 410. At least the heat insulating section 500 may be provided between any one pair of the heaters 310 or between any one pair of the coolers 410.

  In addition, the case where the heat insulating unit 500 is configured by the gap formed in the main body 210 has been described as an example. However, the configuration of the heat insulating unit 500 is not limited as long as thermal interference between the heaters 310 or between the coolers 410 can be suppressed. For example, the heat insulating unit 500 may be configured by a hole formed in the main body 210. The number and shape of the holes are not limited. Further, the shape of the gap as the heat insulating portion 500 is not limited.

  Further, the heat insulating unit 500 may include a porous body filled (provided) in a void or a hole formed in the main body 210. The porous body is, for example, a porous body made of glass wool or ceramic. Further, the heat insulating unit 500 may include a hole formed in the main body 210, and the hole may be maintained in a vacuum. That is, the heat insulating unit 500 may be a mechanism that maintains vacuum heat insulation. When the heat insulating section 500 includes a porous body or a mechanism for maintaining vacuum heat insulation, radiation from the heater 310 or the cooler 410 can be suppressed. Further, the heat insulating section 500 may include one or more fins extending from the wall section 510.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the heater 310 is configured by a heat exchanger has been described as an example. However, the heater 310 may be configured by a Peltier element or an electric heater.

  Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the cooler 410 is configured by a heat exchanger has been described as an example. However, the cooler 410 may be configured by a Peltier device or a fan.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration has been described in which the bottom portion 212 (the surface on which the ribs 220A and 220B are provided) of the main body 210 is inclined vertically downward from the distillate discharge port 212a toward the bottom discharge port 212b. . However, the bottom 212 may extend in the horizontal direction.

  In the above embodiment, the dimensional relationship and the inclination angle of the main body 210 have been described. However, if the main body 210 is appropriately set based on the ratio of the low boiling component to the high boiling component in the raw material liquid, the intended distillation efficiency, and the supply flow rate (processing speed) of the raw material liquid by the raw material liquid supply pump 112, Good.

  In the above embodiment, the configuration in which the main body 210 includes the ribs 220A and 220B has been described as an example. However, a porous body may be placed on the main body 210 instead of the ribs 220A and 220B. By mounting the porous body, the difference between the flow velocity of the liquid flowing on the end side of the flow path and the flow velocity of the liquid flowing on the center side of the flow path is reduced, similarly to the configuration in which the ribs 220A and 220B are provided. be able to.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the distillate discharge port 212a, the bottom discharge port 212b, and the raw material liquid supply port 212c are formed in the bottom 212 is described as an example. However, one or more selected from the group of the distillate fluid outlet 212a, the bottoms outlet 212b, and the raw material supply port 212c may be formed on the side 216.

  The present disclosure can be used for a distillation apparatus.

100 Distillation apparatus 210 Main body 212a Distilled fluid discharge port 212b Canned product discharge port 212c Raw material liquid supply port 300 Recovery unit 310 Heater 400 Concentrator 410 Cooler 500 Heat insulation unit

Claims (6)

A main body having a distillate fluid outlet, a bottoms outlet, and a raw material liquid supply port provided between the distillate outlet and the bottoms outlet;
A recovery unit provided in the main body and having a heater disposed between the raw material liquid supply port and the bottoms discharge port;
A concentrating unit provided in the main body and having a cooler disposed between the raw material liquid supply port and the distillate fluid discharge port;
A heat insulation unit provided in at least one of the collection unit and the concentration unit;
A distillation apparatus comprising:   The distillation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the recovery unit includes a plurality of the heaters, and the heat insulating unit is provided between the heaters.   The distillation device according to claim 1, wherein the concentrating unit includes a plurality of the coolers, and the heat insulating unit is provided between the coolers.   The distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat insulating unit includes a void or a hole formed in the main body.   The distillation apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the heat insulating portion includes the void or a porous body provided in the hole.   The distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat insulating section is provided over the entire circumference of the main body.

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