JP2020019302A - Eddy current type rail brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an eddy current type rail brake device which suppresses adhering of a foreign object and has a short length in the lateral direction.SOLUTION: An eddy current type rail brake device 1 comprises a row of magnets 10, a magnetic support member 3, a case 4, and a lifting device 5. The row of magnets 10 has plural permanent magnets 2 arranged in line in the longitudinal direction of the eddy current type rail brake device 1. The support member 3 supports the row of magnets 10. The case 4 receives the row of magnets 10 and the support member 3 and the lower part 8 of the case facing the plural permanent magnets 2 is non-magnetic. The lifting device 5 can raise or lower the row of magnets 10 and the support member 3, in the case 4, obliquely from the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the lateral direction of the eddy current type rail brake device.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to an eddy current type rail brake device. More specifically, the present invention relates to an eddy current type rail brake device for a railway vehicle, which generates an eddy current on a railroad rail by using a permanent magnet to obtain a braking force.

  Brake devices for railway vehicles are broadly classified into adhesive brake devices and non-adhesive brake devices. The adhesive brake device is a system in which a braking force is applied to a railway wheel, and the railway vehicle is decelerated or stopped by a frictional force between the railway rail and the railway wheel. An example of the adhesive brake device is a disc brake device. On the other hand, the non-adhesive brake device is a system in which a braking force is directly applied to a railway vehicle to decelerate or stop the railway vehicle without depending on a frictional force between a railway rail and a railway wheel. An example of the non-adhesive brake device is an eddy current type rail brake device.

  The eddy current type rail brake device is provided with a magnet. By placing the railway rail in the magnetic field from the magnet, an eddy current is generated in the conductive railway rail, and the reaction force is obtained as a braking force. Such an eddy current type rail brake device is used in combination with a normal brake such as a disc brake device, or is used as an emergency brake. It is also known to use a permanent magnet as a magnet for such an eddy current type rail brake device.

  An eddy current type rail brake device using a permanent magnet is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent No. 5151882 (Patent Document 1).

  The eddy current type rail brake device of Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a straight line. The arrangement of the magnetic poles of the plurality of permanent magnets is alternately reversed in the arrangement direction. At the time of braking of the eddy current type rail brake device, the plurality of permanent magnets face the railroad rail and generate eddy current in the railroad rail. On the other hand, at the time of non-braking, a plurality of permanent magnets are rotated about the traveling direction of the railway vehicle as an axis, and are separated from the railway rail. As a result, no eddy current is generated in the rail. The eddy current type rail brake device of Patent Document 1 switches between a braking state and a non-braking state by such a configuration.

Japanese Patent No. 5151882

  However, in the eddy current type rail brake device of Patent Literature 1, a plurality of permanent magnets are rotated as a method of switching to a braking state or a non-braking state. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a movable range of a plurality of permanent magnets, and a certain amount of space is required in the left-right direction of the railway vehicle. In this regard, when the length of the eddy current type rail brake device in the left-right direction is large, the projected area from the outer shape of the wheel as viewed from the front-back direction becomes large, so that the possibility of collision with a flying object during traveling increases. For this reason, it is desired that the length in the left-right direction of the eddy current type rail brake device be further reduced.

  As a method of switching to the braking state or the non-braking state, in addition to the rotating method as in Patent Document 1, a case containing a permanent magnet is moved closer to or away from the railroad rail to form a braking state or a non-braking state. There is a method of switching to. It is desirable that the distance between the permanent magnet and the railroad rail is as short as possible in order to secure the braking force in the braking state. Therefore, in such an approach-separation type eddy current type rail brake device, a permanent magnet is fixed to the case at a position as close as possible to the lower part of the case facing the railroad rail.

  However, in this case, since the permanent magnet is near the lower part of the case, foreign matter may adhere to the lower part of the case due to the magnetic force of the permanent magnet. Foreign matter adhering to the lower part of the case remains attached to the lower part of the case even if the eddy current rail brake device is in a non-braking state (a state away from the railway rail) because the magnetic flux density passing through the lower part of the case does not change. Cheap. In order to sufficiently exert the braking force, it is desirable that no foreign matter adheres to the lower part of the case.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an eddy current type rail brake device in which adhesion of foreign matter is suppressed and the length in the left-right direction is reduced.

  An eddy current type rail brake device mounted on a railcar according to the present invention includes a magnet row, a support member having magnetism, a case, and an elevating device. The magnet row includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a row in the front-rear direction of the eddy current type rail brake device. The support member supports the magnet row. The case houses the magnet row and the support member, and the lower part facing the plurality of permanent magnets is non-magnetic. The elevating device can elevate and lower the magnet array and the support member obliquely with respect to the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction of the eddy current rail brake device inside the case.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to the eddy current type rail brake device of this invention, adhesion of a foreign material can be suppressed and the length in the left-right direction can be shortened.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an eddy current type rail brake device attached to a railway vehicle. FIG. 2 is a one-side sectional view of the eddy current type rail brake device in a braking state. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. FIG. 4 is a one-side sectional view of the eddy current type rail brake device in a non-braking state. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic circuit in a braking state. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic circuit in a non-braking state.

  (1) An eddy current type rail brake device attached to a railway vehicle according to the present embodiment includes a magnet row, a support member having magnetism, a case, and an elevating device. The magnet row includes a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a row in the front-rear direction of the eddy current type rail brake device. The support member supports the magnet row. The case houses the magnet row and the support member, and the lower part facing the plurality of permanent magnets is non-magnetic. The elevating device can elevate and lower the magnet array and the support member obliquely with respect to the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction of the eddy current rail brake device inside the case.

  According to such a configuration, the elevating device can move the magnet row up and down by tilting (obliquely) the magnet row inside the case from above and below. As a result, the magnet array can be moved closer to or away from the railway rail below the case, and the eddy current type rail brake device can be switched between a braking state and a non-braking state. Further, by separating the magnet array from the lower part of the case (in a non-braking state), the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet passing through the lower part of the case is reduced, and it is possible to suppress the adhesion of foreign matter to the lower part of the case. Furthermore, by raising the magnet row obliquely from the lower part of the case to the vertical direction, it is easier to shake off the magnetic force between the railway rails and the permanent magnets compared to when the magnet row is raised along the vertical direction. Can be. In addition, since the magnet row does not move in the left-right direction of the eddy current type rail brake device, it is not necessary to provide a movable range of the magnet row in the left-right direction. Thus, the length of the eddy current type rail brake device in the left-right direction can be reduced.

  The eddy current type rail brake device of the above (1) can be configured as follows.

  (2) In the eddy current type rail brake device of (1), the lifting device includes an actuator, a rod, a link, and a fulcrum. The actuator is arranged above the case. The rod can move forward and backward from the actuator in the front-rear direction of the eddy current type rail brake device. The link has one end rotatably connected to the rod and the other end rotatably connected to the support member. The fulcrum supports the link rotatably between one end and the other end of the link, and is fixed to the case.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the drawings, the same or corresponding parts have the same reference characters allotted, and description thereof will not be repeated.

  First, directions in the present specification will be described. In this specification, the “front-rear direction” refers to the traveling direction of a railway vehicle. In the present specification, the “vertical direction” means a vertical direction in a state where the railway vehicle is standing upright and stationary. In the present specification, the “left-right direction” means a direction perpendicular to both the front-rear direction and the up-down direction. In addition, the “front-rear direction”, “vertical direction”, and “left-right direction” used for the eddy current type rail brake device are the front-rear direction and the vertical direction when the eddy current type rail brake device is mounted on a railway vehicle. And left and right directions.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an eddy current type rail brake device attached to a railway vehicle. FIG. 1 is a diagram viewed from the left and right directions, showing an internal structure of an eddy current type rail brake device 1 and a state where a magnet row 10 is close to a lower portion of a case. Referring to FIG. 1, eddy current type rail brake device 1 is arranged between two wheels 32 arranged in the front-rear direction of railway vehicle 30. In addition, the eddy current type rail brake device 1 is attached to the bogie 31 of the railcar 30 and is disposed between the bogie 31 and the railroad rail 16 in the vertical direction of the railcar 30.

  The eddy current type rail brake device 1 of the present embodiment includes a magnet row 10, a support member 3, a case 4, and an elevating device 5.

[Magnet row]
The eddy current type rail brake device 1 includes a plurality of permanent magnets 2 arranged in a line in the front-rear direction. In the present specification, the entirety of the plurality of permanent magnets 2 arranged as described above is referred to as a magnet row 10. Here, “arranged in a line in the front-rear direction” means that a plurality of permanent magnets 2 are arranged in a straight line along the front-rear direction in design, and the plurality of permanent magnets 2 are strictly arranged in the front-rear direction. Not only the case where they are arranged vertically but also the case where they are arranged slightly shifted from a strict straight line due to dimensional tolerance, mounting tolerance and the like.

  FIG. 2 is a one-side sectional view of the eddy current type rail brake device in a braking state. FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, each permanent magnet 2 has two magnetic poles (N pole and S pole). The two magnetic poles of each permanent magnet 2 are arranged vertically. The arrangement of the magnetic poles of the plurality of permanent magnets 2 is alternately reversed in the arrangement direction (front-back direction). In other words, the arrangement of the magnetic poles of two permanent magnets 2 adjacent in the arrangement direction is reversed.

  It is preferable that all of the plurality of permanent magnets 2 have the same shape and the same material. The plurality of permanent magnets 2 are preferably arranged at equal intervals. Further, the number of the permanent magnets 2 is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the size of the eddy current type rail brake device and the required braking force.

[Supporting member]
The support member 3 is arranged above the magnet row 10. Here, “upward” means an upward direction along the above-described vertical direction. The same applies to “downward” described later. The support member 3 extends in the front-rear direction and supports the magnet row 10. The support method is, for example, an adhesive, bolt fastening, or the like. The support member 3 has magnetism. This support member 3 can function as a yoke. There is no limitation on the size and material of the support member 3 as long as a plate thickness and a width capable of forming a magnetic circuit for generating a predetermined braking force are secured. The material of the support member 3 may be a known magnetic material, for example, structural steel for general machinery. Since the support member 3 moves up and down inside the case 4 as described later, a dry bearing 22 is provided between the support member 3 and the side portion 7 of the case 4.

[Case]
The case 4 houses the magnet row 10 and the support member 3. The case 4 includes an upper part 6, a side part 7 and a lower part 8. The side part 7 is provided in the left-right direction and the front-back direction of the some permanent magnet 2 and the support member 3, and surrounds these. The upper part 6 is provided at an upper end of the side part 7, and the lower part 8 is provided at a lower end of the side part 7. The upper part 6 and the side part 7 may be integrated, the lower part 8 and the side part 7 may be integrated, or the upper part 6, the side part 7 and the lower part 8 may be separate bodies. .

  The lower portion 8 of the case 4 faces the plurality of permanent magnets 2 in the up-down direction. The lower portion 8 is made of a non-magnetic material. If the lower portion 8 of the case 4 is non-magnetic, as described later, the plurality of permanent magnets 2 are separated from the lower portion 8 of the case 4 so that foreign matter is prevented from adhering to the lower portion 8 of the case 4. For example, the material of the lower portion 8 is a resin or a nonmagnetic metal (such as austenitic stainless steel). The upper part 6 and the side part 7 of the case 4 may also have non-magnetism.

  The length of the case 4 in the front-rear direction (the distance between the front side and the rear side of the support member 3 in the front-rear direction) is longer than the length of the support member 3 in the front-rear direction. As a result, the support member 3 and the magnet row 10 can be moved up and down inside the case 4 as described later.

[lift device]
With reference to FIG. 2, the lifting device 5 includes an actuator 20, a rod 11, a link 12, and a fulcrum 26.

  The actuator 20 is arranged above the case 4 and fixed to the upper part 6 of the case 4. As long as the actuator 20 satisfies the predetermined amount of retreat and thrust, the drive method is not limited, and for example, a fluid type actuator such as air or oil or an electromagnetic control type actuator may be used.

  The rod 11 is a rod-shaped member extending in the front-rear direction. One end of the rod 11 is attached to the actuator 20, and when the actuator 20 is operated, the rod 11 can move forward and backward from the actuator 20. The other end of the rod 11 is connected to the link 12.

  The link 12 is a rod-shaped member, and connects the rod 11 and the support member 3. More specifically, one end of the link 12 is rotatably connected to the rod 11 around an axis along the left-right direction, and the other end is around an axis along the left-right direction with respect to the support member 3. It is rotatably connected.

  For the connection between the rod 11 and the link 12, for example, a first cylindrical bar 23 is provided at the end of the rod 11 along the left-right direction, and the first cylindrical bar 23 is passed through an elongated hole 25 provided at the end of the link 12. The elongated hole 25 extends in the direction in which the link 12 extends. Thus, the link 12 can rotate around the first cylindrical bar 23 of the rod 11 in a plane (in a virtual plane) perpendicular to the left-right direction.

  Since the length of the elongated hole 25 in the longitudinal direction is longer than the diameter of the first cylindrical bar 23, the position of the rod 11 in the elongated hole 25 of the first cylindrical bar 23 can be moved along the longitudinal direction of the elongated hole 25. In addition, the distance between the connecting portion between the rod 11 and the link 12 (that is, the first cylindrical bar 23 of the rod 11) and the fulcrum portion 26 can be changed.

  The link between the link 12 and the support member 3 is provided, for example, by providing a second cylindrical rod 24 along the left and right direction at the end of the link 12 and connecting the link 12 and the support member 3 via the second cylindrical rod 24. Accordingly, the link 12 can rotate around the second cylindrical rod 24 in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction.

  In addition, a fulcrum 26 is provided between one end of the link 12 and the other end, that is, between a connection with the rod 11 and a connection with the support member 3. The fulcrum 26 is fixed to the case 4 and rotatably supports the link 12 around the fulcrum 26 in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction. The fulcrum portion 26 includes, for example, a columnar rod extending in the left-right direction. The rod is rotatably supported by passing the rod through a hole provided in the link 12.

  Although one lifting device 5 may be provided, two or more lifting devices 5 are preferably provided in the upper part of the case in the front-rear direction in order to raise and lower the support member 3 while maintaining the posture.

  The operation of the eddy current type rail brake device according to the present embodiment having such a configuration will be described by taking as an example a case of switching from a braking state to a non-braking state.

[Operation of eddy current type rail brake device]
Referring to FIG. 2, when the actuator 20 is operated when the eddy current type rail brake device is in a braking state, the rod 11 protruding from the actuator 20 retracts into the actuator 20 along the front-back direction.

  FIG. 4 is a one-side sectional view of the eddy current type rail brake device in a non-braking state. Referring to FIG. 4, when rod 11 retracts into actuator 20, link 12 rotates about fulcrum 26 because one end of link 12 is connected to rod 11. Then, the support member 3 connected to the other end of the link 12 moves (rises) along a circular orbit centered on the fulcrum 26 in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction.

  That is, according to the eddy current type rail brake device of the present embodiment, when switching to the braking state or the non-braking state, the support member 3 and the magnet row 10 are placed inside the case 4 in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction (virtual). (In a plane) diagonally (up and down) with respect to the vertical direction.

  In the present specification, the term “diagonally ascending and descending” means not only the case where the support member 3 and the magnet row 10 ascend and descend linearly obliquely with respect to the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the horizontal direction, but also as described above. This also includes the case of ascending and descending along a circular orbit.

  When the support member 3 rises to a predetermined position, the state is switched to the non-braking state. When switching the eddy current type rail brake device from the non-braking state to the braking state, the reverse of the above description may be performed. Subsequently, the magnetic circuits in the braking state and the non-braking state will be described in detail.

[Magnetic circuit in braking state]
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic circuit in a braking state. In FIG. 5, illustration of the lifting device is omitted. The same applies to FIG. 6 described later. With reference to FIG. 5, a description will be given of an example of a permanent magnet 2A in which the N pole is disposed below. The magnetic flux emitted from the N pole of the permanent magnet 2A passes through the lower portion 8 of the non-magnetic case 4 and reaches the rail rail 16. The magnetic flux that has reached the rail 16 reaches each of the two permanent magnets 2B, whose south poles on the both sides in the front-rear direction of the permanent magnet 2A, whose north pole is located below, are located below. The magnetic flux emitted from the N pole disposed above the permanent magnet 2B disposed below the S pole reaches the S pole of the adjacent permanent magnet 2A through the support member 3 having magnetism. That is, a magnetic circuit is formed by the two adjacent permanent magnets 2A and 2B, the support member 3, and the rail rail 16.

  In the braking state that forms such a magnetic circuit, the railroad rail 16 is in the magnetic field generated by this magnetic circuit. During the operation of the railway vehicle, the railway rail 16, which is an electric conductor, moves in this magnetic field. Therefore, an eddy current is generated in the railroad rail 16 in the braking state. A demagnetizing field is generated by this eddy current, and a reaction force (braking force) acts on the eddy current type rail brake device (that is, a railroad vehicle).

[Magnetic circuit in non-braking state]
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the magnetic circuit in a non-braking state. Referring to FIG. 6, in the non-braking state, magnet row 10 is sufficiently separated from rail rail 16. Therefore, the railway rail 16 is hardly affected by the magnetic flux from the plurality of permanent magnets 2, and eddy current hardly occurs in the railway rail 16. That is, the braking force hardly acts on the railway vehicle. Further, in such a non-braking state, the magnetic flux density passing through the lower portion 8 of the case 4 is reduced, and the foreign matter attached to the lower portion 8 of the case 4 can be dropped. Can also suppress the adhesion of new foreign substances.

  As described above, according to the eddy current type rail brake device of the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent foreign matter from adhering to the lower portion 8 of the case 4 and, when switching to the non-braking state, move the magnet row 10 in the up-down direction. Instead, the magnetic force between the permanent magnet 2 and the rail rail 16 is easily shaken off because the magnetic head is raised obliquely with respect to the vertical direction, and the output of the lifting device 5 can be reduced. Thereby, energy can be saved and the elevating device can be downsized. Furthermore, according to such a configuration, the support member 3 and the magnet row 10 do not move in the left-right direction. Therefore, it is not necessary to provide the movable range of the magnet array 10 in the left-right direction in the case 4, and the length of the eddy current type rail brake device in the left-right direction can be shortened.

  The embodiment of the invention has been described. However, the above-described embodiment is merely an example for embodying the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented by appropriately modifying the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit thereof, for example, as follows.

  In the above description, the case where the lifting device includes the actuator, the rod, the link, and the fulcrum has been described. However, the lifting device is not limited to this, and the magnet row may be raised and lowered by electronic control.

  In the above description, the case where the support member and the magnet array move up and down along a circular orbit centered on the fulcrum portion has been described. However, the lifting trajectory of the support member and the magnet row is not limited to this. If the support member and the magnet row are moved up and down in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction at an angle to the front-rear direction and the up-down direction, the effect that the magnetic force of the permanent magnet can be easily shaken off compared to the case of moving up and down in the up-down direction is obtained. Therefore, the elevating trajectory of the support member and the magnet row may be not only a circular trajectory but also a linear trajectory.

  In the above description, the case where the support member and the magnet row are raised and lowered in the case by the lifting device has been described. However, the eddy current type rail brake device of the present embodiment may include a second elevating device that elevates and lowers the case itself, in addition to the elevating device that elevates and lowers the support member and the magnet row in the case. .

  In the above description, the case where the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet are arranged vertically is described. However, the arrangement of the two magnetic poles of the permanent magnet is not limited to this, and the two magnetic poles may be arranged in the front-back direction or the left-right direction. Even in this case, the arrangement of the magnetic poles of the adjacent permanent magnets is reversed.

  The eddy current type rail brake device of the present invention can be used for braking a railway vehicle.

1: Eddy current type rail brake device 2: Permanent magnet 3: Support member 4: Case 5: Lifting device 6: Upper part 7: Side part 8: Lower part 10: Magnet row 11: Rod 12: Link 16: Railway rail 20: Actuator 23: First cylindrical bar 24: Second cylindrical bar 25: Slot 26: Support point

Claims (2)

An eddy current type rail brake device attached to a railway vehicle,
A magnet row including a plurality of permanent magnets arranged in a row in the front-rear direction of the eddy current type rail brake device;
Supporting the magnet row, a support member having magnetism,
A case that houses the magnet row and the support member, and has a lower portion that is non-magnetic and faces the plurality of permanent magnets,
An elevating device capable of moving the magnet row and the support member up and down obliquely with respect to the vertical direction in a plane perpendicular to the left-right direction of the eddy current rail brake device inside the case; Brake device. The eddy current type rail brake device according to claim 1,
The lifting device,
An actuator disposed above the case;
A rod that can move forward and backward in the front-rear direction of the eddy current rail brake device from the actuator,
A link having one end rotatably connected to the rod and the other end rotatably connected to the support member;
An eddy current type rail brake device, comprising: a fulcrum portion rotatably supporting the link between the one end portion and the other end portion of the link and fixed to the case.

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