JP2020019046A - Joining method, joining device and structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a joining method and a joining device capable of easily shortening a time required for joining, and hardly generating sputtering.SOLUTION: A joining method in one embodiment includes a heating step (S2) for heating a second spot (12) of a first metal piece (1) by ultrasonically vibrating a jig (A1) in the state where the jig (A1) is pressed onto a first spot (11) of the first metal piece (1), and a welding step (S3) for welding the second spot (12) of the first metal piece (1) to a second metal piece (2) by irradiating the second spot (12) of the first metal piece (1) with a laser beam.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a joining method and a joining device for joining a plurality of metal pieces. Further, the present invention relates to a structure formed by joining a plurality of metal pieces.

  As one of joining methods for joining a plurality of metal pieces, welding using laser light is widely used.

  As a document disclosing such a technique, for example, Patent Document 1 is cited. Patent Literature 1 discloses an ultrasonic welding machine that temporarily fixes an object to be welded by applying ultrasonic vibration to the object to be welded, and irradiates a laser beam to a temporarily fixed portion of the object to be welded to weld the object to be welded. And a laser welding machine. By temporarily fixing the workpiece using an ultrasonic welding machine, it becomes difficult to form a gap between the workpieces when the laser beam is radiated to temporarily secure the workpiece. Poor welding due to the gap is less likely to occur.

JP-A-2013-136731

  However, when joining a plurality of metal pieces using the welding device described in Patent Literature 1, the following problems may occur.

  That is, between the step of temporarily fixing the plurality of metal pieces by the ultrasonic welding machine and the step of welding the plurality of metal pieces by irradiation of laser light, a step of moving the ultrasonic horn from the temporarily fixed portion is performed. There is a need. This is because the laser beam cannot be applied to the temporary fixing point in a state where the temporary fixing point is covered by the ultrasonic horn.

  For this reason, since a time for moving the ultrasonic horn is required, there is a problem that it is difficult to reduce the time required for the joining. In addition, the temperature of the temporary fixing point decreases while performing the step of moving the ultrasonic horn from the temporary fixing point. In this case, a high-power laser beam is irradiated to the temporarily-fixed portion having a low temperature, and as a result, there is a problem that spatter is easily generated.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to realize a bonding method and a bonding apparatus in which the time required for bonding can be easily reduced and spatter does not easily occur.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a welding method according to one embodiment of the present invention is a joining method for joining a plurality of metal pieces, wherein the first metal piece constituting an outermost layer among the plurality of metal pieces is provided. By pressing the jig against the first spot, the first spot of the first metal piece and the second spot of the first metal piece adjacent to the first spot are moved to the first spot. In the plurality of metal pieces, an adhesion step of making close contact with a second metal piece constituting a second layer counted from the outermost layer, and the jig was pressed against the first spot of the first metal piece. A heating step of heating the second spot of the first metal piece by ultrasonically vibrating the jig, and pressing the jig against the first spot of the first metal piece While the laser beam is being applied, the laser beam is By irradiating at least a portion of the second spot, including a welding step of welding the said second metal piece at least a portion of said second spot of said first metal strip.

  According to the above method, the portion of the first metal piece 1 to which the jig is pressed in the heating process is different from the portion to be irradiated with the laser beam in the welding process. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the jig when shifting from the heating step to the welding step.

  Therefore, according to the above-described method, the time required for joining the plurality of metal pieces can be easily reduced because the time for moving the jig can be omitted. Further, according to the above method, the temperature of the second spot irradiated with the laser beam in the welding step becomes higher because the temperature of the second spot is prevented from lowering while the jig is moving. As a result, spatter hardly occurs.

  According to the above method, the welding step is performed while the jig is pressed against the first spot of the first metal piece. For this reason, when performing a welding process, it becomes difficult to form a gap between the second spot of the first metal piece and the second metal piece, and as a result, poor welding due to such a gap occurs. It becomes difficult. For example, a temperature difference between the first metal piece and the second metal piece hardly occurs, and as a result, thermal distortion generated after welding can be reduced.

  In the welding method according to one aspect of the present invention, in the heating step, the jig is ultrasonically vibrated until the second spot of the first metal piece is welded to the second metal piece. Is preferred.

  According to the above-described method, a gap between the second spot of the first metal piece and the second metal piece is less likely to be generated when the welding process is performed, and as a result, the gap caused by such a gap is reduced. Welding defects are less likely to occur.

  In the welding method according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the second spot is sandwiched between regions constituting the first spot.

  According to the above configuration, when performing the welding process, the temperature unevenness in the second spot is small (the temperature gradient in the plane parallel to the upper surface or the lower surface of the first metal piece or the second metal piece is small). Therefore, it is possible to suppress the possibility that thermal distortion occurs after welding or to reduce the magnitude of thermal distortion occurring after welding.

  In the welding method according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the second spot is surrounded by a region forming the first spot.

  According to the above configuration, when performing the welding process, the temperature unevenness in the second spot is small (the temperature gradient in the plane parallel to the upper surface or the lower surface of the first metal piece or the second metal piece is small). Therefore, it is possible to suppress the possibility that thermal distortion occurs after welding or to reduce the magnitude of thermal distortion occurring after welding.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a welding device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a joining device that joins a plurality of metal pieces, and includes a jig and a first member that forms an outermost layer in the plurality of metal pieces. The jig is attached to a first spot of the first metal piece in order to bring the metal piece into close contact with a second metal piece constituting a second layer counted from the outermost layer in the plurality of metal pieces. Pressurizing device, a vibrating device that ultrasonically vibrates the jig to heat a second spot of the first metal piece adjacent to the first spot, and the first metal An irradiation device for irradiating at least a part of the second spot of the second metal piece with a laser beam to weld at least a part of the second spot of the piece to the second metal piece; Is provided.

  According to the above-described device, the portion of the first metal piece to which the jig is pressed by the pressing device is different from the portion of the first metal piece to be irradiated with the laser beam by the irradiation device. Therefore, it is not necessary to move the jig when shifting from the heating process using the heating device to the welding process using the irradiation device.

  Therefore, according to the above-described apparatus, the time required for moving the jig can be omitted, so that the time required for joining a plurality of metal pieces can be easily reduced. Further, according to the above-described apparatus, the temperature of the second spot irradiated with the laser beam by the irradiation device is increased because the temperature of the second spot is prevented from lowering while the jig is moved. As a result, spatter hardly occurs.

  In the welding device according to one aspect of the present invention, it is preferable that the jig is formed with an opening serving as an optical path of the laser beam.

  According to the above-described apparatus, it becomes easy to irradiate the second spot on the first metal piece with the laser beam while the jig is pressed against the first spot on the first metal piece.

  In the welding device according to one aspect of the present invention, the vibrating device ultrasonically vibrates the jig until the second spot of the first metal piece is welded to the second metal piece. Is preferred.

  According to the above-described device, when applying the irradiation device, it is difficult to form a gap between the second spot of the first metal piece and the second metal piece, and as a result, the gap is caused by such a gap. Poor welding is less likely to occur.

  Note that a structure including a plurality of metal pieces manufactured by the above method or apparatus is also included in the scope of the present invention. For example, the first spot of the first metal piece constituting the outermost layer in the plurality of metal pieces is formed on the second metal piece constituting the second layer of the plurality of metal pieces counted from the outermost layer. A structure which is welded and at least a part of the second spot of the first metal piece adjacent to the first spot is welded to the second metal piece is included in the scope of the present invention. It is.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it is easy to shorten the time required for joining, and it can implement | achieve the joining method and joining apparatus which hardly generate | occur | produce spatter.

It is a figure showing the flow of the joining method concerning one embodiment of the present invention. (A) is a perspective view showing a contact step, (b) is a perspective view showing a heating step, and (c) is a perspective view showing a welding step. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a first metal piece in which a first spot and a second spot are set in the bonding method of FIG. 1. It is a figure showing composition of a joining device concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

(Joining method)
A joining method S according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the flow of the joining method S.

  The joining method S is a joining method for joining a plurality of metal pieces including at least two metal pieces 1 and 2. The first metal piece 1 is a metal piece constituting the outermost layer among the plurality of metal pieces. The second metal piece 2 is a metal piece constituting a second layer counted from the outermost layer among the plurality of metal pieces. In FIG. 1, the metal pieces constituting the third layer counted from the outermost layer among these metal pieces are shown by dotted lines, and the fourth and subsequent metal pieces counted from the outermost layer among these metal pieces are shown. The illustration of the metal pieces constituting the layer is omitted. In the present embodiment, each metal piece is a thin metal piece used as an electrode. However, the use and shape of each metal piece are not limited to this. The shape of the first metal piece 1 may be a foil shape or a thin plate shape, and the thickness of the first metal piece 1 is arbitrary as long as a heating step S2 and a welding step S3 described below can be applied. The shape and thickness of other metal pieces (for example, the second metal piece 2) are arbitrary.

  The joining method S includes a contact step S1, a heating step S2, and a welding step S3. In the joining method S, the first metal piece 1 is placed on the second metal piece 2 so that the lower surface of the first metal piece 1 and the upper surface of the second metal piece 2 are in surface contact with each other. It is performed in a (laminated) state.

  In the adhesion step S1, the jig A1 is pressed against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 so as to be adjacent to the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 and the first spot 11. This is a step of bringing the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 into close contact with the second metal piece 2. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the first spot 11 is constituted by two regions 11a and 11b of the first metal piece 1, and the second spot 12 is It is constituted by one area sandwiched between these two areas 11a and 11b. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1A, the jig A1 is pressed against the upper surface of the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 so that the first metal piece 1 is pressed. The lower surfaces of the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 are in close contact with the upper surface of the second metal piece 2. Here, the force of pressing the jig A1 against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 is, for example, 2000N.

  In the heating step S2, while the jig A1 is pressed against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1, the jig A1 is ultrasonically vibrated, so that the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is formed. This is the step of heating. Here, the first metal piece 1 can be heated by ultrasonic vibration of the jig A1 because the jig A1 slides on the upper surface of the first metal piece 1, or This is because the lower surface of the first metal piece 1 slides on the upper surface of the second metal piece 2 to generate frictional heat. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, while the jig A1 is pressed against the upper surface of the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1, the upper surface of the first metal piece 1 By ultrasonically vibrating the jig A1 in a parallel plane, frictional heat generated when the first metal piece 1 slides on the second metal piece 2 causes the first metal piece 1 The second spot 12 is being heated. Here, the frequency at which the jig A1 is ultrasonically vibrated is, for example, 10 KHz or more and 30 KHz or less.

  In the heating step S2, the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is heated, and the first spot 11 of the first metal piece is heated. For this reason, if the duration of the ultrasonic vibration is lengthened, the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 and the second metal piece 2 can be welded (ultrasonic bonding). It is possible. The time required for welding the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 to the second metal piece 2 depends on the frequency of the ultrasonic vibration and the jig on the first metal piece 1. It is determined according to the pressing force of A1 and the like. For example, when the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 are welded to the second metal piece 2 at 100 ° C., the required time is about 1 second. In this embodiment, in order to weld the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 to the second metal piece 2, the duration of the ultrasonic vibration is set longer than the required time. are doing.

  In the welding step S3, at least a part of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is irradiated with the laser beam while the jig A1 is pressed against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1. Is a step of welding at least a part of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 to the second metal piece 2. The start of the welding step S3 may be (1) before the end of the heating step S2, or (2) at the same time as the end of the heating step S2, as long as it is after the start of the heating step S2. (3) It may be after the end of the heating step S2. In any case, the temperature of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 to be irradiated with the laser light is higher than when the heating step S2 is not performed. In the present embodiment, after the heating step S is completed, as shown in FIG. 1C, while the jig A1 is pressed against the upper surface of the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1, the laser By irradiating light to the upper surface of the center of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 from directly above, the center of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is applied to the second metal piece 2. Welded.

  As described above, in the joining method S, the heating step S2 is performed before starting the welding step S3. For this reason, the temperature of the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 when starting the welding step S3 is higher than when the heating step S2 is not performed. Therefore, according to the joining method S, generation of spatters in the welding step S3 can be suppressed as compared with the case where the heating step S2 is not performed.

  Further, in the joining method S, the portion (first spot 11) of the first metal piece 1 against which the jig A1 is pressed in the heating step S2 and the first metal piece irradiated with the laser beam in the welding step S3. One site (at least a part of the second spot 12) is different. Therefore, when shifting from the heating step S2 to the welding step S3, it is not necessary to move the jig A1. Therefore, according to the joining method S, the time required for performing the joining method S can be shortened by the time required for moving the jig A1. Further, according to the joining method S, a mechanism for moving the jig A1 can be omitted, so that a device necessary for performing the joining method S can be simplified.

  In the joining method S, the welding step S3 is performed while the jig A1 is pressed against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1. For this reason, in the welding step S3, the possibility that the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 rises from the second metal piece 2 can be reduced. Such lifting causes poor welding. Therefore, in the welding step S3, the possibility of poor welding can be reduced. In particular, when the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is welded to the second metal piece 2 in the heating step S2, such an effect becomes remarkable.

  When the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 is welded to the second metal piece 2 in the heating step S2, the first metal piece 1 and the second metal piece 2 are joined by the bonding method S. The joined structure has the following features. That is, the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 is welded to the second metal piece 2, and at least one of the second spots 12 of the first metal piece 1 adjacent to the first spot 1 is provided. The part is welded to the second metal piece 2.

[First spot and second spot]
In the welding method S, the first spot 11 and the second spot 12 are set on the first metal piece 1. Here, the first spot 11 is an area where the jig A1 is pressed in the adhesion step S1, the heating step S2, and the welding step S3. Further, the second spot 12 is an area adjacent to the first spot 11. In the welding step S3, at least a part of the second spot 12 is irradiated with a laser beam.

  FIG. 2A is a top view of the first metal piece 1 and shows a first setting example of the first spot 11 and the second spot 12. In the present setting example, as the first spot 11, two regions 11a and 11b having a rectangular shape in a top view (a spatial shape of a rectangular parallelepiped) are set. In this setting example, as the second spot 12, the top view shape is a rectangle (the spatial shape is a rectangular parallelepiped) 1 sandwiched between the two regions 11a and 11b constituting the first spot 11. Two areas are set. As described above, by employing a configuration in which the second spot 12 is sandwiched between the two regions 11a and 11b constituting the first spot 11, the second spot 12 has less temperature unevenness (a smaller temperature gradient). can do.

FIG. 2B is a top view of the first metal piece 1 and shows a second setting example of the first spot 11 and the second spot 12. In this setting example, as the first spot 11, one area whose top view shape is a ring (the space shape is a cylinder) is set. Further, in this setting example, as the second spot 12, one area surrounded by the first spot 11 and having a circular shape in a top view shape (a cylindrical shape in a space shape) is set. As described above, by adopting a configuration in which the second spot 12 is surrounded by the region constituting the first spot 11, it is possible to further reduce the temperature unevenness in the second spot 12 (to further reduce the temperature gradient). it can.
FIG. 2B illustrates a configuration in which the second spot 12 is surrounded by the first spot 11 in all directions. A configuration surrounded by one spot 11 may be adopted.

  Regardless of which configuration example is adopted, according to the above-described welding method S, the above-described effect that spatters hardly occur in the welding step S3 is exerted.

(Joining equipment)
A joining device A according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the joining device A.

  The joining device A is a device for performing the above-described joining method S. In addition to the above-described jig A1, a pressing device A2, a vibration device A3, an irradiation device A4, a control device A5, and a stage device A6 are provided. Have. In this embodiment, an ultrasonic horn is used as the jig A1.

  The pressing device A2 is a device that presses the jig A1 against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 in order to perform the above-described contacting step S1. The vibration device A3 is a device that ultrasonically vibrates the jig A1 in order to perform the heating step S2 described above. The irradiation device A4 is a device for irradiating the laser beam to the second spot 12 of the first metal piece 1 to perform the above-described welding process. The control device A5 is a device that controls the pressing device A2, the vibration device A3, and the irradiation device A4 in order to perform the above-described bonding method S. The stage device A6 is a stage for placing a structure in which the above-described first metal piece 1 is placed on the second metal piece.

  In this embodiment, as the irradiation device A4, (1) a laser oscillator A4a, (2) a delivery fiber A4b that guides the laser light output from the laser oscillator A4a, and (3) a delivery fiber A4b. And a processing head A4c for irradiating the waved laser light to the structure 10. The laser oscillator A4a is realized by, for example, a fiber laser. The jig A1 and the pressing device A2 are connected via a bearing so as not to hinder the ultrasonic vibration of the jig A1.

  The bonding apparatus A has the following features in addition to the point of performing the bonding method S described above. A first feature is that the jig A1 is formed with an opening A1a which is an optical path of the laser light emitted from the irradiation device A4. The second feature is that an opening A2a serving as an optical path of the laser device irradiated from the irradiation device A4 is formed in the pressing device A2. Due to these features, while the jig A1 is pressed against the first spot 11 of the first metal piece 1 using the pressurizing device A2, the second metallization of the first metal piece 1 is performed using the irradiation device A4. It becomes easy to irradiate the spot 12 with laser light. That is, it is possible to shift from the heating step S2 to the welding step S3 without moving the jig A1 and the pressing device A2.

[Appendix]
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope shown in the claims. That is, embodiments obtained by combining technical means appropriately changed within the scope of the claims are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

S1 Adhesion process S2 Heating process S3 Welding process A Joining device A1 Jig A2 Pressing device A3 Vibration device A4 Irradiation device A5 Control device A6 Stage device 1 First metal piece 11 First spot 12 Second spot 2 Second Piece of metal

Claims (8)

A joining method for joining a plurality of metal pieces,
By pressing a jig against the first spot of the first metal piece constituting the outermost layer of the plurality of metal pieces, the first spot of the first metal piece and the first spot A step of bringing the second spot of the first metal piece adjacent to the first metal piece into close contact with a second metal piece constituting a second layer counting from the outermost layer in the plurality of metal pieces;
A heating step of heating the second spot of the first metal piece by ultrasonically vibrating the jig while pressing the jig against the first spot of the first metal piece; When,
By irradiating a laser beam to at least a part of the second spot of the first metal piece while pressing the jig against the first spot of the first metal piece, Welding at least a part of the second spot of the metal piece to the second metal piece.
A joining method characterized by the above-mentioned. In the heating step, the jig is ultrasonically vibrated until the second spot of the first metal piece is welded to the second metal piece,
The method according to claim 1, wherein: The second spot is sandwiched between regions constituting the first spot,
The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The second spot is surrounded by an area constituting the first spot,
The joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: A joining device for joining a plurality of metal pieces,
Jig and
The first metal piece constituting the outermost layer of the plurality of metal pieces is brought into close contact with the second metal piece constituting the second layer of the plurality of metal pieces, counting from the outermost layer. A pressure device for pressing the jig against the first spot of the one metal piece;
A vibrating device that ultrasonically vibrates the jig to heat a second spot of the first metal piece close to the first spot;
In order to weld at least a part of the second spot of the first metal piece to the second metal piece, a laser beam is applied to at least a part of the second spot of the second metal piece. Irradiation device,
A joining device characterized by the above-mentioned. The jig is formed with an opening serving as an optical path of the laser beam.
The joining device according to claim 5, wherein: The vibrating device ultrasonically vibrates the jig until the second spot of the first metal piece is welded to the second metal piece,
The joining device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: A structure comprising a plurality of metal pieces,
A first spot of a first metal piece constituting an outermost layer of the plurality of metal pieces is welded to a second metal piece constituting a second layer of the plurality of metal pieces counted from the outermost layer. Wherein at least a part of a second spot of the first metal piece adjacent to the first spot is welded to the second metal piece.
A structure characterized in that:

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