JP2020008130A - Vaporizer - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vaporizer having structure in which risk of solidification of an intermediate medium and risk of breakage of a pipe part with the solidification of the intermediate medium is reduced.SOLUTION: The vaporizer is provided that comprises: a housing part in which intermediate medium gas is housed; an upstream pipe part having a first region extended in the housing part over a prescribed length section from an inflow port from which a liquefied gas flows in, and a second region forming a flow channel extended in the housing part to be connected to a flow channel formed by the first region; a curved pipe part forming a flow channel curved upward from the flow channel formed by the second region in the housing part; and a downstream pipe part forming a flow channel connected to the flow channel formed by the curved pipe part in the housing part. The first region has an area ratio of an area of a heat transfer surface to which heat of the intermediate medium gas flows in, to an area of a heat transfer surface transferring heat to the liquefied gas, larger than those of the second region, the curved pipe part and the downstream pipe part.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a vaporizer for vaporizing a liquefied gas.

  An intermediate medium gas having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas may be used to vaporize the liquefied gas (see Patent Document 1). The intermediate medium gas is stored in a predetermined storage unit. A pipe member that forms a flow path through which the liquefied gas flows extends in the storage section. In general, a U-shaped tube that is curved in a U-shape in the housing portion is used as the tube member so that the housing portion is not excessively long. The liquefied gas in the U-tube exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas outside the U-tube, so that the liquefied gas is heated and vaporized. The U-tube is curved upwards, taking into account that the vaporized gas is lighter than the liquefied gas. The liquefied gas flows from the lower part of the U-shaped pipe, and the vaporized gas vaporized in the U-shaped pipe flows into the upper part of the U-shaped pipe. The vaporized gas finally flows out of the housing through the U-tube.

JP 2000-227200 A

  The type of intermediate medium that exchanges heat with the liquefied gas in the U-tube is selected such that the freezing point of the intermediate medium is sufficiently lower than the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing through the U-tube. In addition to the relationship between the freezing point of the intermediate medium and the temperature of the liquefied gas, the type of the intermediate medium is determined in consideration of other characteristics of the intermediate medium (for example, whether or not the intermediate medium is flammable). Sometimes.

  If the other properties of the intermediate medium are taken into account and a substance is selected as intermediate medium in which the difference between the freezing point of the intermediate medium and the temperature of the liquefied gas is somewhat smaller, the intermediate medium around the U-tube will become U-shaped. The risk of accidental solidification on the outer surface of the tube is increased. At the site where the intermediate medium has solidified, the solidified intermediate medium prevents heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium. As a result, heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium is not performed efficiently.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizer that achieves efficient heat exchange between a liquefied gas and an intermediate medium.

  The vaporizer according to one aspect of the present invention has a heating unit that heats the intermediate medium liquid so that the intermediate medium liquid evaporates, and the intermediate medium gas generated by evaporating the intermediate medium liquid and the intermediate medium The liquefied gas is vaporized by heat exchange with a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the gas, while the intermediate medium gas is aggregated. The vaporizer includes a storage portion in which the intermediate medium gas is stored, a first portion extending in the storage portion over a predetermined length section from an inlet into which the liquefied gas flows, and the first portion. An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a flow path extending in the housing portion so as to be continuous with the flow path, and an upper portion extending upward from the flow channel formed by the second portion. A curved pipe section that forms a curved flow path in the storage section, and a flow path that is continuous with the flow path formed by the curved pipe section is formed in the storage section above the upstream pipe section. A downstream pipe section. The first portion is the second portion, the curved pipe portion, and the downstream pipe portion in an area ratio of an area of a heat transfer surface into which heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to an area of a heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas. Greater than each.

  According to the above configuration, the first portion is the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the downstream tube under the condition that the heat taken off during the heat exchange of the intermediate medium gas is equal to the heat obtained by the liquefied gas during the heat exchange. Since the area ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to the area of the heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas than the respective parts is larger, the heat flux entering the first portion from the intermediate medium gas is The heat flux from the medium gas to each of the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the downstream tube portion becomes smaller. This is because the intermediate medium gas contacts the first portion as compared with the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer surface as a result of the intermediate medium gas contacting the second portion, the curved pipe portion, and the downstream pipe portion. It means that the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer surface of the site is hardly solidified. Therefore, it is difficult for the first portion to reduce the heat exchange efficiency. Since the liquefied gas passes through the second portion, the curved tube portion and the downstream tube portion sequentially after exchanging heat with the intermediate medium gas having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas in the first portion, the second portion, the curved tube portion and the downstream tube portion Is higher than the temperature of the first portion. Therefore, the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium fluid at these sites is also low. As a result, efficient heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium gas can be obtained also at these portions.

  With respect to the above configuration, the first portion is the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the second portion, so that the area ratio is larger than the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the downstream tube portion. It may be formed thicker than each of the downstream pipe portions.

  According to the above configuration, since the first portion is thicker than each of the second portion, the curved pipe portion, and the downstream pipe portion, the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows in the first portion is relatively large. . Therefore, the first portion may have a relatively large area ratio. Since the second portion, the curved tube portion and the downstream tube portion are each thinner than the first portion, these portions do not occupy an excessively large area of the internal space of the storage portion. Therefore, a small container structure can be used as the storage section.

  With respect to the above configuration, the first portion is disposed over the predetermined length section such that the first portion is larger than the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the downstream tube portion in the area ratio. It may include a tube member for guiding the liquefied gas and fins protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the tube member.

  According to the above configuration, the first portion includes the fin protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member that guides the liquefied gas over a predetermined length section. It can be obtained not only from the outer peripheral surface but also from the fins. Therefore, the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows in the first portion becomes relatively large. Therefore, the first portion may have a relatively large area ratio.

  A vaporizer according to another aspect of the present invention has a heating unit that heats the intermediate medium liquid so that the intermediate medium liquid evaporates, and the intermediate medium gas generated by vaporizing the intermediate medium liquid and the intermediate medium gas. The liquefied gas is vaporized by heat exchange with a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the medium gas, and the intermediate medium gas is agglomerated. The vaporizer includes a storage portion in which the intermediate medium gas is stored, a first portion extending in the storage portion over a predetermined length section from an inlet into which the liquefied gas flows, and the first portion. An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a flow path extending in the housing portion so as to be continuous with the flow path, and an upper portion extending upward from the flow channel formed by the second portion. A curved pipe section that forms a curved flow path in the storage section, and a flow path that is continuous with the flow path formed by the curved pipe section is formed in the storage section above the upstream pipe section. A downstream pipe section. The first portion extends from the inflow port so as to be inclined downward.

  According to the above configuration, since the first portion extends downward from the inflow port, the intermediate medium liquid generated as a result of heat exchange of the intermediate medium gas with the liquefied gas at the first portion is the first portion. It flows from one part to the second part. Therefore, the thickness of the intermediate medium liquid formed on the first portion does not become excessively large. The heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas takes place efficiently in the first part, since no excessively thick liquid film is formed on the first part.

  A vaporizer according to still another aspect of the present invention has a heating unit that heats the intermediate medium liquid so that the intermediate medium liquid is vaporized, and an intermediate medium gas generated by vaporizing the intermediate medium liquid. The liquefied gas is vaporized by heat exchange with a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the intermediate medium gas, while the intermediate medium gas is aggregated. The evaporator includes a storage portion in which the intermediate medium gas is stored, a first portion extending in the storage portion over a predetermined length section from an inlet into which the liquefied gas flows, and the first portion. An upstream pipe part having a second part forming a flow path extending in the housing part so as to be continuous with the flow path formed, and an upper part extending from the flow path formed by the second part. A curved pipe portion forming a curved flow path in the housing portion, and a flow passage connected to the flow channel formed by the curved tube portion is formed above the upstream pipe portion in the storage portion. A downstream pipe portion. The upstream pipe section and the downstream pipe section are arranged so that the first portion does not overlap the downstream pipe section in the vertical direction.

  According to the above configuration, since the upstream pipe portion and the downstream pipe portion are arranged so that the first portion does not overlap the downstream pipe portion in the vertical direction, the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe portion is transferred to the first portion. It is hard to take. Therefore, the thickness of the intermediate medium liquid formed on the first portion does not become excessively large. The heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas takes place efficiently in the first part, since no excessively thick liquid film is formed on the first part.

  A vaporizer according to still another aspect of the present invention has a heating unit that heats the intermediate medium liquid so that the intermediate medium liquid is vaporized, and an intermediate medium gas generated by vaporizing the intermediate medium liquid. The liquefied gas is vaporized by heat exchange with a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the intermediate medium gas, while the intermediate medium gas is aggregated. The vaporizer includes a storage portion in which the intermediate medium gas is stored, a first portion extending in the storage portion over a predetermined length section from an inlet into which the liquefied gas flows, and the first portion. An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a flow path extending in the housing portion so as to be continuous with the flow path, and an upper portion extending upward from the flow channel formed by the second portion. A curved pipe portion that forms a curved flow path in the housing portion, and the curved pipe portion is disposed in the housing portion at a position separated upward from the upstream pipe portion so as to vertically overlap with the upstream pipe portion, and A downstream pipe section forming a flow path connected to the flow path formed by the curved pipe section; and an outer periphery of the downstream pipe section over a predetermined length section at a position vertically overlapping the first portion. A heat insulating material for covering the surface.

  According to the configuration described above, since the downstream pipe portion is covered with the heat insulating material over a predetermined length section, heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas is hardly performed in the section covered with the heat insulating material. Does not occur. Therefore, the intermediate medium gas does not change into an intermediate medium liquid in the section covered with the heat insulating material. That is, in the section covered with the heat insulating material, the drop of the intermediate medium liquid from the downstream pipe portion does not occur. Although the downstream pipe portion covered by the heat insulating material vertically overlaps the upstream pipe portion, the first portion vertically overlapping the heat insulating material does not come into contact with the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe portion. As a result, the thickness of the intermediate medium liquid formed on the first portion does not become excessively large. The heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas takes place efficiently in the first part, since no excessively thick liquid film is formed on the first part.

  The vaporizer described above can achieve efficient heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the vaporizer of 1st Embodiment. It is the schematic of the U-tube part of a vaporizer. It is a schematic sectional drawing of a pipe member. It is a schematic diagram of a part of vaporizer of a 2nd embodiment. It is the schematic of a part of vaporizer of 3rd Embodiment. It is the schematic of a part of vaporizer of 4th Embodiment. It is the schematic of a part of vaporizer of 5th Embodiment.

<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a vaporizer 100 according to the first embodiment. The schematic structure of the vaporizer 100 will be described with reference to FIG.

  The vaporizer 100 is configured to vaporize liquefied natural gas (LNG: Liquidized Natural Gas). Liquefied natural gas is referred to as "liquefied gas" in the following description, while vaporized natural gas is referred to as "vaporized gas" in the following description. The liquefied gas is supplied into the vaporizer 100 from outside the vaporizer 100. The vaporized gas obtained in the vaporizer 100 is discharged out of the vaporizer 100.

  The intermediate medium contained in the vaporizer 100 is used for the phase change from the liquefied gas to the vaporized gas in the vaporizer 100. The vaporizer 100 is formed such that the intermediate medium undergoes a phase change between a liquid phase and a gas phase within the vaporizer 100. The liquid phase intermediate medium is referred to as “intermediate liquid” in the following description, while the gas phase intermediate medium is referred to as “intermediate gas”. The intermediate medium gas is hotter than the liquefied gas. A substance having a freezing point lower than the boiling point of the liquefied gas is selected as the intermediate medium that changes phase between the intermediate medium liquid and the intermediate medium gas. Generally, a hydrocarbon-based substance is often used as the intermediate medium, but a substance other than the hydrocarbon-based substance may be used in the present embodiment. A schematic function and a schematic structure of the vaporizer 100 for vaporizing the liquefied gas using the intermediate medium will be described below.

  The vaporizer 100 vaporizes the intermediate medium liquid using a heating medium (for example, seawater or hot water) to generate an intermediate medium gas. The vaporizer 100 performs heat exchange between the generated intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas supplied to the vaporizer 100 to vaporize the liquefied gas. Therefore, the vaporizer 100 has a function of generating an intermediate medium gas and a function of causing heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas.

  The vaporizer 100 as a part that generates the intermediate medium gas includes a liquid storage part 110 in which the intermediate medium liquid is stored, and a heating part 120 that heats the intermediate medium liquid in the liquid storage part 110. The liquid storage part 110 forms a lower part of the vaporizer 100. A tube member penetrating the liquid storage unit 110 is illustrated in FIG. 1 as a heating unit 120. A heating medium having a temperature sufficiently high to evaporate the intermediate medium liquid is supplied to the heating unit 120. As a result of heat exchange between the heating medium flowing through the heating unit 120 and the intermediate medium liquid stored in the liquid storage unit 110, the intermediate medium liquid is heated to become an intermediate medium gas. The intermediate medium gas moves upward from the liquid storage unit 110.

  In order to generate heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas moved upward from the liquid storage unit 110 and the liquefied gas supplied to the vaporizer 100, the vaporizer 100 includes a heat exchange space filled with the intermediate medium gas, And a flow path through which the liquefied gas flows in the heat exchange space. The vaporizer 100 includes a storage unit 130 formed above the liquid storage unit 110 as a part that forms a heat exchange space. The vaporizer 100 has a U-shaped tube portion 140 as a portion forming a flow path through which a liquefied gas flows.

  The storage section 130 forming a heat exchange space in which heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium gas is performed is formed integrally with the liquid storage section 110, and these form one container in which the intermediate medium is stored. ing. The intermediate medium gas generated by the heating in the liquid storage unit 110 fills the heat exchange space formed by the storage unit 130.

  The U-shaped pipe section 140 forms a U-shaped channel in the heat exchange space. The liquefied gas flows along the U-shaped flow path. During this time, the liquefied gas exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas in the accommodating section 130 and is converted into a vaporized gas.

  Since the liquefied gas is supplied from the outside of the storage section 130 and the vaporized gas is discharged out of the storage section 130, the U-shaped pipe section 140 has two penetration portions penetrating the outer wall of the storage section 130. ing. One of the two penetrating portions is referred to as “inflow port 141” in the following description, and the liquefied gas flows into the heat exchange space from the inflow port 141. The other of the two penetrating portions is referred to as “outlet 142” in the following description, and the vaporized gas is discharged through the outlet 142. The outflow port 142 is formed above the inflow port 141.

  A portion drawn so as to extend horizontally from the inflow port 141 below the outflow port 142 is referred to as “outward path section 143” in the following description. A portion drawn upward from the outgoing section 143 and parallel to the outgoing section 143 from the outflow port 142 is referred to as a "return section 144" in the following description. A portion that curves downward from the return portion 144 and continues to the forward portion 143 is referred to as an “intermediate portion 145” in the following description. The intermediate section 145, the return section 144, and the outward section 143 form a U-shaped tube section 140. The length of the U-shaped tube portion 140 is determined such that most of the liquefied gas flowing into the heat exchange space in the storage portion 130 is vaporized near the outlet 142. In order to obtain a sufficient period length required for the phase change from the liquefied gas to the vaporized gas, the U-shaped tube portion 140 extends in the extending direction of the forward portion 143 and the return portion 144 (referred to as “first direction” in the following description). ) Have large dimensions. On the other hand, the U-shaped tube section 140 has a small dimension in a direction (hereinafter, referred to as a “second direction”) orthogonal to a virtual vertical plane including the central axes of the outward path section 143 and the return path section 144. are doing. The heat exchange space in which the U-shaped pipe 140 is piped also has a shape that is longer in the first direction and shorter in the second direction according to the shape of the U-shaped pipe 140.

  FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration of the U-tube section 140. With reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the configuration of the U-tube portion 140 will be described below.

  The U-shaped tube section 140 is formed from a number of U-shaped tubes. As part of these U-tubes, FIG. 2 shows six U-tubes 151-156. Each of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156 includes an upstream pipe 157 forming a forward path 143, a downstream pipe 158 forming a return path 144, and a curved pipe 159 forming an intermediate section 145. ,have. The upstream pipe section 157, the downstream pipe section 158, and the curved pipe section 159 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156 are piped on a virtual vertical plane.

  The radius of curvature of the curved tube portion 159 of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 decreases in the order of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156. That is, the radius of curvature of the curved tube portion 159 of the U-shaped tube 151 is the largest among the curved tube portions 159 of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156, and the radius of curvature of the curved tube portion 159 of the U-shaped tube 156 is 156 is the smallest among the curved tube portions 159.

  The position of the upstream pipe part 157 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156 is higher in the order of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156. That is, the upstream pipe 157 of the U-shaped pipe 151 is provided at the lowest position among the upstream pipes 157 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156. The upstream pipe 157 of the U-shaped pipe 156 is provided at the highest position among the upstream pipes 157 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156.

  The positions of the downstream pipe portions 158 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156 are lower in the order of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156. That is, the downstream pipe 158 of the U-shaped pipe 151 is piped at the highest position among the upstream pipes 157 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156. The downstream pipe section 158 of the U-shaped pipe 156 is provided at the lowest position among the downstream pipe sections 158 of the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156.

  The downstream tube portion 158 and the curved tube portion 159 have substantially constant outer and inner diameters over their entire length, while the upstream tube portion 157 has two portions different in outer diameter. One of these portions is a first portion 171 extending from the inflow port 141 over a predetermined length section. A portion that continues from the first portion 171 to the curved tube portion 159 is a second portion 172. The upstream pipe portion 157 is formed such that the outer diameter of the first portion 171 is larger than the outer diameter of the second portion. The outer diameter and the inner diameter of the second portion 172 are substantially equal to the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the curved tube portion 159 and the downstream tube portion 158.

  A support structure for supporting the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 each having the curved tube portion 159, the downstream tube portion 158, and the upstream tube portion 157 in the heat exchange space is formed as a part of the vaporizer 100. FIG. 2 shows seven support plates 161 to 167 as a support structure. The support plates 161 to 167 are arranged in order in the heat exchange space at intervals in the first direction.

  The support plate 161 is disposed closest to the inlet 141 (see FIG. 1) and the outlet 142 (see FIG. 1) among the support plates 161 to 167. The support plate 162 adjacent to the support plate 161 is disposed at the boundary between the first portion 171 and the second portion 172 of the upstream pipe 157. The support plate 167 that supports the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 at a position farthest from the support plate 161 in the first direction is a terminal portion of the upstream pipe portion 157 where the liquefied gas flows out to the curved tube portion 159 and the liquefied gas is a downstream pipe. The downstream end of the downstream pipe portion 158 that flows into the portion 158 is supported. The support plates 161 to 167 are formed such that the upstream tube portion 157 and the downstream tube portion 158 of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 penetrate the support plates 161 to 167. That is, each of the support plates 161 to 167 is a disc member having a large number of through holes formed therein, through which a large number of U-shaped tubes forming the U-shaped tube portion 140 are inserted. The outer peripheral portion of each of the support plates 161 to 167 is fixed to the inner wall surface of the housing 130.

  The liquefied gas flows through the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 supported by the support plates 161 to 167. As a result, the outer peripheral surfaces of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 become extremely low in temperature. The intermediate medium gas in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 is cooled and becomes an intermediate medium liquid. The intermediate medium liquid adheres to the outer peripheral surfaces of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 to form a liquid film. Since the liquefied gas before heat exchange with the intermediate medium gas flows into the first portions 171 of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156, the temperature of the first portions 171 becomes particularly low. The outer diameter of the first part 171 is set to a value larger than the outer diameter of the second part 172 in order to prevent the liquid film from coagulating on the outer peripheral surface of the first part 171. The mechanism of solidification of the liquid film will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pipe member 200 having a circular cross section. A liquefied gas flows inside the pipe member 200. The pipe member 200 is arranged in an environment filled with the intermediate medium gas.

  The heat flux entering the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 from the intermediate medium gas is indicated by the symbol “q1” in FIG. The heat flux released from the inner peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 to the liquefied gas is indicated by a symbol “q2” in FIG. A large heat flux "q1" means that a large amount of heat is taken from the intermediate medium gas. In this case, the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 is likely to solidify.

  The diameter (i.e., the outer diameter) of the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 that removes heat from the intermediate medium gas is shown in FIG. 3 by the symbol "D1". FIG. 3 shows the diameter (that is, the inner diameter) of the inner peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 by the symbol “D2”. The following equation holds under the condition that the amount of heat transmitted from the inner peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 to the liquefied gas is equal to the amount of heat of the intermediate medium gas taken from the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 200.

  The above equation is an area ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas (that is, the area of the inner circumferential surface) to the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows (that is, the area of the outer circumferential surface). Is smaller, the smaller the heat flux entering the pipe member 200 from the intermediate medium gas is. In other words, the larger the area ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to the area of the heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas, the smaller the heat flux entering the pipe member 200 from the intermediate medium gas. With respect to the above formula, when the outer diameter of the tube member 200 is set to a large value, the heat flux of the intermediate medium gas taken from the outer peripheral surface of the tube member 200 decreases. This means that the risk of solidification of the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 200 is reduced. The relationship between the heat fluxes “q1” and “q2” obtained based on the pipe member 200 is applicable to the U-shaped pipes 151 to 156.

  The first portion 171 of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 has a larger outer diameter than the other portions (that is, the second portion 172, the curved tube portion 159, and the downstream tube portion 158). The condition that the inside diameter of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 and the temperature of the fluid flowing through them (that is, the mixed fluid of the liquefied gas and the vaporized gas) is constant over the entire length of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156. Below, the heat flux “qU” to the outer circumferential surface of the first portion 171 and the heat flux “qU” to the outer circumferential surface of the portion downstream of the first portion 171 (that is, the second portion 172, the curved tube portion 159, and the downstream tube portion 158). The heat flux “qD” is represented by the following equation. In the following formula, the heat flux “q2” used in the above formula represents the heat flux from the inner peripheral surface of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 to the liquefied gas, and the inner diameter “D2” used in the above formula Represents the inner diameter of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156.

  The magnitude relation between the heat flux “qU” to the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171 and the heat flux “qD” to the outer peripheral surface of the portion downstream from the first portion 171 is represented by the following inequality.

  Since the outer diameter “DD” of the second section 172, the curved pipe section 159, and the downstream pipe section 158 is smaller than the outer diameter “DU” of the first section 171, the heat flux “qU” in the first section 171 is a downstream section. Is smaller than the heat flux “qD” at. That is, under the condition that the inner diameter of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 and the temperature of the fluid flowing therein are constant over the entire length of each of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156, the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171 The risk of solidification of the intermediate liquid above is lower than the risk of solidification of the intermediate liquid on the outer peripheral surface of the downstream site.

  Since the liquefied gas flowing in the first portion 171 exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas, the temperature of the fluid flowing in the portion downstream of the first portion 171 (that is, the mixed fluid of the liquefied gas and the vaporized gas) is equal to the first temperature. The temperature is higher than the temperature of the liquefied gas flowing through the portion 171. Therefore, the temperature of the outer peripheral surface of the portion downstream of the first portion 171 is higher than the temperature of the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171. This means that the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid on the outer peripheral surface of the portion downstream of the first portion 171 is relatively low. That is, the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid is low over the upstream pipe section 157, the curved pipe section 159, and the downstream pipe section 158.

  When the intermediate medium liquid forms a somewhat thick liquid film on the outer surface of the U-tubes 151 to 156 without solidifying, the liquid film drops from the U-tubes 151 to 156. Therefore, a thick liquid film does not adhere to the outer surfaces of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 for a long time. As a result, the efficiency of heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas via the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 is maintained at a high level.

  When the thick liquid film on the outer peripheral surfaces of the U-tubes 151 to 156 solidifies, the liquid film applies a strong force to the U-tubes 151 to 156. However, the risk of destructive forces on the U-tubes 151-156 is very small, as the risk of liquid film solidification is very low.

  The risk of solidification of the liquid film is so low that substances other than those conventionally used as intermediate media can be used as intermediate media. That is, even a substance whose freezing point is not so low can be used as an intermediate medium. Since the criterion regarding the freezing point is relaxed, the substance used as the intermediate medium can be selected in consideration of other characteristics (for example, flammability) of the substance used as the intermediate medium.

  The intermediate medium gas is generated in a container formed by the liquid storage unit 110 and the storage unit 130. However, the intermediate medium gas may be supplied from the outside of the container in which the intermediate medium gas is stored.

  The heating unit 120 that generates the intermediate medium gas is a tube member through which the heating medium flows. However, the heating unit may be a heater disposed in the liquid storage unit 110 or another device that can apply heat to the intermediate medium liquid in the liquid storage unit 110 to generate an intermediate medium gas.

  Seven support plates 161 to 167 are used as a support structure that supports the U-shaped tube portion 140 that forms a flow path of the liquefied gas that exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas. However, how many support plates are used as the support structure may be determined based on the length of the U-shaped tube 140 in the first direction and the weight of the U-shaped tube 140. Therefore, the number of support plates used as the support structure may be lower than 7, or higher than 7.

<Second embodiment>
Since the first portion 171 of the first embodiment has a larger outer diameter than the other portions (ie, the second portion 172, the curved tube portion 159, and the downstream tube portion 158), the heat transfer to the liquefied gas is performed. The area ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to the area of the hot surface is larger than each of the second portion 172, the curved tube portion 159, and the downstream tube portion 158. However, the first portion may obtain a large area ratio using fins. An exemplary vaporizer having a first portion provided with fins is described in a second embodiment.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a part of the vaporizer 100A according to the second embodiment. The vaporizer 100A will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 4 shows the support plates 161 to 167 described in relation to the first embodiment. In addition to these support plates 161 to 167, the vaporizer 100A includes the liquid storage unit 110, the heating unit 120, and the storage unit 130 described with reference to FIG. The description of the first embodiment is applied to these elements.

  Although the vaporizer 100A has many U-shaped tubes like the vaporizer 100 of the first embodiment, the vaporizer 100A is different from the vaporizer 100 in the shape of the U-shaped tube. U-shaped tubes 151A to 156A are shown in FIG. 4 as a part of a large number of U-shaped tubes included in the vaporizer 100A.

  Each of the U-shaped tubes 151A to 156A includes a downstream tube portion 158 and a curved tube portion 159 similarly to the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 of the first embodiment. The description of the first embodiment is applied to the downstream pipe section 158 and the curved pipe section 159.

  An upstream pipe 157A extends below the downstream pipe 158. The upstream pipe 157A is a part corresponding to the upstream pipe 157 of the first embodiment. It has the second portion 172 similarly to the upstream pipe portion 157 of the first embodiment. The description of the first embodiment is applied to the second portion 172.

  A portion extending from the second portion 172 to the inflow port 141 (see FIG. 1) is referred to as a “first portion 171A” in the following description. The first portion 171A includes a pipe member 173 through which the liquefied gas flows, and a plurality of fins 174 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the pipe member 173. The outer diameter and the inner diameter of the tube member 173 match the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the second portion 172.

  The relationship between the heat flux “q1” (= heat flux “qU”) and “q2” at the first portion 171A having the pipe member 173 and the fin 174 (see FIG. 3) is expressed by the following equation. The following equation is created by modifying the above “Equation 1” in consideration of the existence of the fin 174. Since the outer diameter of the pipe member 173 to which the fins 174 are attached matches the outer diameter of the second portion 172, the outer diameter of the pipe member 173 is represented by the symbol “DD”.

  The heat flux “qD” of the portion extending downstream of the pipe member 173 (see the above “Equation 2”) can be rewritten into the following equation.

  The magnitude relation between the heat flux “qD” and the heat flux “qU” is represented by the following inequality.

  From the above inequality, it can be seen that the heat flux “qU” is smaller than the heat flux “qD” as in the first embodiment. Therefore, the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid in the first portion 171A is reduced.

  "Equation 4" to "Equation 6" are created under the condition that the outer diameter of the pipe member 173 of the first part 171A is equal to the outer diameter of the downstream part. However, the outer diameter of the tube member 173 may be larger than the outer diameter of the downstream portion, similarly to the outer diameter of the first portion 171 of the first embodiment. In this case, the heat flux “qU” is significantly smaller than the heat flux “qD”.

  Heat flux “qU” is reduced by a number of fins 174. However, a single fin may be attached to the tube member 173.

<Third embodiment>
The vaporizers 100 and 100A of the first and second embodiments reduce the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid in the first portions 171 and 171A by lowering the heat flux “qU” in the first portions 171 and 171A. However, the heat exchange efficiency between the intermediate medium gas and the liquefied gas is maintained at a high level. High efficiency heat exchange is also achieved by preventing the intermediate medium liquid from forming a thick liquid film. A technique for preventing the formation of a thick liquid film is described in a third embodiment.

  FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a part of the vaporizer 100B of the third embodiment. The vaporizer 100B will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5.

  FIG. 5 shows U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B as a part of a large number of U-shaped tubes provided in the vaporizer 100B. The U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B are inclined by an angle “θ” from the postures of the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 described with reference to FIG. Each of the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B includes an upstream tube 157B, a downstream tube 158B, and a curved tube 159B. The upstream pipe portion 157B extends straight so as to be inclined downward from the inflow port. Above the upstream pipe 157B, a downstream pipe 158B extends in parallel with the upstream pipe 157B. That is, the downstream pipe portion 158B extends straight so as to be inclined downward from the outlet. The curved pipe section 159B forms a curved flow path so as to connect the inclined downstream pipe section 158B and the inclined upstream pipe section 157B.

  FIG. 5 shows support plates 161B to 167B that support the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B by inserting the upstream pipe portion 157B and the downstream pipe portion 158B. The support plates 161B to 167B are inclined by an angle “θ” from the posture of the support plates 161 to 167 described with reference to FIG. The support plates 161B to 167B differ from the support plates 161 to 167 only in the inclined posture.

  An accommodation portion (not shown) forming a heat exchange space in which the support plates 161B to 167B and the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B are accommodated is formed so that the support plates 161B to 167B and the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B are fixed. ing. In addition to the support plates 161B to 167B, the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B, and the storage unit, the vaporizer 100B includes the liquid storage unit 110 and the heating unit 120 described with reference to FIG. The description of the first embodiment is applied to these elements.

  As in the first embodiment, the intermediate medium liquid adheres to the outer peripheral surfaces of the U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B. The intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surfaces of the upstream pipe portion 157B and the downstream pipe portion 158B of the U-shaped pipes 151B to 156B flows downward according to these inclinations. That is, the intermediate medium liquid on the outer peripheral surfaces of the upstream pipe section 157B and the downstream pipe section 158B flows so as to approach the curved pipe section 159B. As a result, the film of the intermediate medium liquid formed on the outer peripheral surfaces of the upstream pipe portion 157B and the downstream pipe portion 158B becomes thinner near the inlet and the outlet than at other portions. The risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid near the inlet is higher than at other sites because the liquefied gas that has little heat exchange with the intermediate medium gas flows near the inlet. However, since a thick liquid film is not formed near the inlet, the thick liquid film does not solidify.

  The U-shaped tubes 151B to 156B have a uniform cross section over a section from the inflow port to the outflow port. However, the U-shaped pipe has a larger outer portion at a portion near the inflow port (for example, a portion between the inflow port and the support plate 162B) than the other portions, similarly to the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 of the first embodiment. It may have a diameter. Alternatively or additionally, fins 174 described with reference to FIG. 4 may be mounted at a location near the inlet.

  The upstream pipe portion 157B extending from the inflow port is inclined over the entire length. However, only a portion near the inflow port (for example, a portion between the inflow port and the support plate 162B) may be inclined downward, and the remaining portions may extend horizontally. Since the intermediate medium liquid adhering to the portion near the inlet flows toward the horizontally extended portion at a position distant from the inlet, the formation of a thick liquid film at the portion near the inlet is prevented. . When only a portion near the inlet is inclined, a bent portion is formed in the upstream pipe portion between a portion near the inlet and a portion away from the inlet. Although the flow resistance to the liquefied gas and the vaporized gas is increased as a result of the formation of the bent portion, the vertical dimension of the entire upstream pipe is reduced because the upstream pipe extends substantially horizontally at a position away from the inlet. .

  If the upstream pipe has an inclined shape only near the inlet, the shape, arrangement and posture of the upstream pipe at a position away from the inlet are related to the first and second embodiments. And the upstream pipe portions 157 and 157A described above. In this case, the shape, arrangement, and posture of the curved pipe section connected to the upstream pipe section and the downstream pipe section extending from the curved pipe section to the outlet are the same as those described in relation to the first embodiment and the second embodiment. It may coincide with the pipe section 159 and the downstream pipe section 158.

<Fourth embodiment>
Another technique for preventing the intermediate medium liquid from forming a thick film on the outer peripheral surface of the upstream pipe near the inlet is described in the fourth embodiment.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a part of a vaporizer 100C of the fourth embodiment. The vaporizer 100C will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 6.

  The vaporizer 100C includes a liquid storage unit 110 (see FIG. 1) and a heating unit 120 (see FIG. 1), like the vaporizer 100 of the first embodiment. The description of the first embodiment is applied to the liquid storage unit 110 and the heating unit 120.

  Similarly to the vaporizer 100 of the first embodiment, the vaporizer 100C has support plates 162 to 167. The description of the first embodiment is applied to the support plates 162 to 167. In addition to these support plates 162 to 167, a support plate 161C is shown in FIG. The support plate 161C is a substantially semicircular plate member, unlike the disc-shaped support plates 162 to 167. The shape of the support plate 161C is substantially the same as the shape of the lower half of the support plates 162 to 167, and a large number of through holes are formed in the support plate 161C. The support plate 161C is arranged closer to the inlet than the support plates 162 to 167.

  In addition to the support plates 161C, 162 to 167, U-tubes 151C to 156C are shown in FIG. 6 as a part of a number of U-tubes included in the vaporizer 100C. The U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C correspond to the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 described with reference to FIG. Each of the U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C has the upstream tube portion 157 and the curved tube portion 159 described with reference to FIG. In addition to these, the U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C have a downstream tube portion 158C. The downstream pipe 158C is shorter than the upstream pipe 157. Only in this respect, the U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C differ from the U-shaped tubes 151 to 156 described with reference to FIG.

  The upstream pipe 157 of each of the U-shaped pipes 151C to 156C is inserted into the through hole of each of the support plates 161C and 162 to 167, whereas the downstream pipe 158C of each of the U-shaped pipes 151C to 156C is supported by the support plates 162 to 167. It is inserted into each through hole. That is, the downstream pipe 158C does not extend above the upstream pipe 157 in the section between the support plate 162 and the inflow port. On the other hand, in the section between the support plate 162 and the support plate 167, the upstream pipe portion 157 and the downstream pipe portion 158C overlap in the vertical direction.

  In a housing (not shown) forming a heat exchange space in which the support plates 161C, 162 to 167 and the U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C are stored, the support plates 161C, 162 to 167 and the U-shaped tubes 151C to 156C are fixed. It is formed as follows. The receiving part cooperates with the upstream pipe part 157 of the U-shaped pipes 151C to 156C to form an inlet near the support plate 161C. The receiving section cooperates with the downstream pipe section 158C of the U-shaped pipes 151C to 156C to form an outlet near the support plate 162. Therefore, the position of the outlet is shifted from the inlet in the first direction.

  The extending portion of the upstream pipe portion 157 from the position where the outlet is formed to the position where the inlet is formed is a first portion 171C corresponding to the first portion 171 described with reference to FIG. Since the downstream pipe 158C does not extend above the first section 171C, the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe 158C does not reach the first section 171C. As a result of the contact between the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171C and the intermediate medium gas, the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe portion 158C is not added to the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171C. An excessively thick liquid film is not formed on the outer peripheral surface of one portion 171C. Therefore, heat exchange between the intermediate medium liquid and the liquefied gas is efficiently performed in the first portion 171C.

  The portion extending from the first portion 171C toward the curved tube portion 159 is the same as the second portion 172 described with reference to FIG. Since the second portion 172 vertically overlaps the downstream pipe portion 158C, the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe portion 158C falls on the second portion 172. The intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe portion 158C is added to the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 and the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 as a result of the contact between the intermediate medium gas and the second portion 172. It may be formed at the second portion 172. Since the liquefied gas exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas to some extent in the extension section of the first section 171C upstream of the second section 172, the second section 172 has a higher temperature than the first section 171C. Therefore, the risk of solidification of the thick liquid film formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 is low. When the liquid film on the outer surface of the second part 172 becomes thick to some extent, the intermediate medium liquid drops into the liquid storage part 110 (see FIG. 1). As a result of dropping the intermediate medium liquid from the outer surface of the second portion 172 to the liquid storage section 110, the thick liquid film on the second portion 172 disappears, so that heat exchange on the second portion 172 is also performed with high efficiency.

  The first portion 171C is drawn in FIG. 6 to have the same thickness as the second portion 172. However, the first portion may have a larger outer diameter than the second portion 172, like the first portion 171 of the first embodiment. In this case, the ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to the area of the heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas in the first portion becomes relatively large, and the intermediate medium liquid on the first portion becomes large. Coagulation hardly occurs.

  In order to reduce the risk of solidification of the intermediate medium liquid on the first part, the first part is formed using a pipe member into which the liquefied gas flows and fins attached to the pipe member, as in the second embodiment. May be done.

  The first portion may be extended so as to be inclined downward from the inflow port so as to promote the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first portion to the second portion 172. In this case, the risk of formation and solidification of a thick liquid film on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion is very low.

  The length of the downstream pipe 158C is set so that the first portion 171C does not overlap the downstream pipe 158C in the vertical direction. However, the non-overlapping structure of the first portion and the downstream pipe may be formed under a method other than the setting of the length of the downstream pipe. For example, the curved pipe section may be formed such that the downstream pipe section and the upstream pipe section are at the twist positions. In this case, the first portion apart from the curved tube portion extends at a position shifted from the downstream tube portion in the second direction, and does not overlap the downstream tube portion in the vertical direction.

<Fifth embodiment>
Another technique for preventing the intermediate medium liquid from forming a thick film on the outer peripheral surface of the upstream pipe near the inflow port is described in the fifth embodiment.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a part of a vaporizer 100D according to the fifth embodiment. The vaporizer 100D will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 7.

  The vaporizer 100D includes a liquid storage unit 110 (see FIG. 1), a heating unit 120 (see FIG. 1), a storage unit 130 (see FIG. 1), and support plates 161 to 161 similarly to the vaporizer 100 of the first embodiment. 167 (see FIGS. 2 and 7). In addition, the vaporizer 100D includes a number of U-shaped tubes. FIG. 7 shows U-tubes 151D-156D as part of a number of U-tubes. The U-shaped tubes 151D to 156D differ from the U-shaped tubes 151A to 156A described with reference to FIG. 4 only in that they do not include a portion corresponding to the fin 174 described with reference to FIG. I have. That is, each of the U-shaped tubes 151D to 156D has the downstream tube portion 158 and the curved tube portion 159, and the description of the first embodiment is applied to these portions. In addition, each of the U-shaped pipes 151D to 156D has an upstream pipe 157D connected from the inflow port 141 (see FIG. 1) to the curved pipe 159, and a description related to the fin 174 for the upstream pipe 157D. The description of the upstream pipe portion 157A described with reference to FIG.

  A heat insulating material 180 covering a part of the downstream pipe 158 extending above the upstream pipe 157A is incorporated in the vaporizer 100D. The heat insulating material 180 covers the outer peripheral surface of the downstream pipe portion 158 over a section from the outlet 142 (see FIG. 1) to the support plate 162.

  The portion of the upstream pipe portion 157D extending below the covering section of the heat insulating material 180 is a first portion 171D corresponding to the first portion 171A described with reference to FIG. The heat insulating material 180 covering the downstream pipe portion 158 above the first portion 171D prevents heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the intermediate medium gas in the section from the outlet 142 to the support plate 161. In the section up to 161, the intermediate medium liquid does not adhere to the outer peripheral surface of the downstream pipe 158. This means that no intermediate medium liquid dripped toward the first portion 171D is generated. Therefore, the intermediate medium liquid does not form an excessively thick liquid film on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion 171D. As a result, the solidification of the thick liquid film at the first portion 171D is prevented.

  The portion extending from the first portion 171D toward the curved tube portion 159 is the same as the second portion 172 described with reference to FIG. Since the second portion 172 vertically overlaps the downstream pipe 158, the intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe 158 falls on the second portion 172. The intermediate medium liquid dropped from the downstream pipe 158 is added to the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 and the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 as a result of the contact between the intermediate medium gas and the thick liquid film. It may be formed at the second portion 172. Since the liquefied gas exchanges heat with the intermediate medium gas to some extent in the extension section of the first section 171D upstream of the second section 172, the second section 172 has a higher temperature than the first section 171D. Therefore, the risk of solidification of the thick liquid film formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second portion 172 is low. When the liquid film on the outer surface of the second part 172 becomes thick to some extent, the intermediate medium liquid drops into the liquid storage part 110 (see FIG. 1). As a result of dropping the intermediate medium liquid from the outer surface of the second portion 172 to the liquid storage section 110, the thick liquid film on the second portion 172 disappears, so that heat exchange on the second portion 172 is also performed with high efficiency.

  The first portion 171D has the same thickness as the second portion 172 and is drawn in FIG. However, the first portion may have a larger outer diameter than the second portion 172, like the first portion 171 of the first embodiment. In this case, the ratio of the area of the heat transfer surface into which the heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to the area of the heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas in the first portion becomes relatively large, and the intermediate medium liquid on the first portion becomes large. Coagulation hardly occurs.

  In order to reduce the risk of solidification of the intermediate medium liquid on the first part, the first part is formed using a pipe member into which the liquefied gas flows and fins attached to the pipe member, as in the second embodiment. May be done.

  The first portion may be extended so as to be inclined downward from the inflow port so as to promote the intermediate medium liquid attached to the outer peripheral surface of the first portion to the second portion 172. In this case, the risk of formation and solidification of a thick liquid film on the outer peripheral surface of the first portion is very low.

  The length of the covering section where the heat insulating material 180 covers the downstream pipe portion 158 is determined in consideration of the length of the section where the risk of coagulation of the intermediate medium liquid is relatively high and the length of the section required for vaporizing the liquefied gas. Is preferably performed. Therefore, the covering section is not limited to a specific length.

  The heat insulating material 180 is drawn in FIG. 7 so that the length of the covering section is equal to the length of the first portion 171D. However, the covering section may be longer than the extension length of the first portion.

  The principle of the above-described embodiment is suitably used in various technical fields requiring a vaporized gas.

100, 100A to 100D ... vaporizer 130 ... accommodating part 141 ... ... Inflow ports 157, 157A, 157B, 157D ... upstream pipe sections 158, 158B, 158C ... downstream pipe sections 159, 159B ···········································································································・ ・ ・ Second part 173 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ Tube member 174 ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・ ・Fin 180

Claims (9)

An intermediate medium liquid is stored, and the intermediate medium gas generated by vaporizing the intermediate medium liquid in the liquid storage section exchanges heat with a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the intermediate medium gas. A vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas by
A storage unit in which the intermediate medium gas is stored,
A first portion extending from the inflow port through which the liquefied gas flows into the storage portion and extending within the storage portion so as to be continuous with a flow path formed by the first portion in the storage portion; An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a divided flow path;
A curved pipe portion that forms a flow path curved upward from the flow path formed by the second portion in the housing portion;
A downstream pipe portion that forms a flow path that is continuous with the flow path formed by the curved pipe portion above the upstream pipe portion in the housing portion;
The first portion is the second portion, the curved pipe portion, and the downstream pipe portion in an area ratio of an area of a heat transfer surface into which heat of the intermediate medium gas flows to an area of a heat transfer surface that transfers heat to the liquefied gas. A vaporizer larger than each. The first part is the second part, the curved pipe part, and the downstream pipe such that the first part is larger than the second part, the curved pipe part, and the downstream pipe part in the area ratio. The vaporizer according to claim 1, wherein the vaporizer is formed thicker than each of the portions. The first portion guides the liquefied gas over the predetermined length section such that the first portion is larger than the second portion, the curved tube portion, and the downstream tube portion in the area ratio. The carburetor according to claim 1, further comprising a pipe member to be formed and fins protruding from an outer peripheral surface of the pipe member. The vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first portion extends so as to be inclined downward from the inlet. The vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the upstream pipe portion and the downstream pipe portion are arranged such that the first portion does not vertically overlap with the downstream pipe portion. The vaporizer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a heat insulating material that covers the downstream pipe portion at a position vertically overlapping the first portion. A liquid storage section in which an intermediate medium liquid is stored, and vaporizing the liquefied gas by heat exchange between the intermediate medium gas vaporized in the liquid storage section and a liquefied gas lower in temperature than the intermediate medium gas. Vessel
A storage unit in which the intermediate medium gas is stored,
A first portion extending from the inflow port through which the liquefied gas flows into the receiving portion and extending within the receiving portion so as to be continuous with a flow path formed by the first portion and the first portion. An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a divided flow path;
A curved pipe portion that forms a flow path curved upward from the flow path formed by the second portion in the housing portion;
A downstream pipe portion that forms a flow path that is continuous with the flow path formed by the curved pipe portion in the housing portion above the upstream pipe portion,
The first portion extends from the inflow port so as to be inclined downward. A vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas by heat-exchanging the intermediate medium gas vaporized in the liquid reservoir and a liquefied gas having a lower temperature than the intermediate medium gas, having a liquid storage part in which an intermediate medium liquid is stored; Vessel
A storage unit in which the intermediate medium gas is stored,
A first portion extending from the inflow port through which the liquefied gas flows into the storage portion and extending within the storage portion so as to be continuous with a flow path formed by the first portion in the storage portion; An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a divided flow path;
A curved pipe portion that forms a flow path curved upward from the flow path formed by the second portion in the housing portion;
A downstream pipe portion that forms a flow path that is continuous with the flow path formed by the curved pipe portion above the upstream pipe portion in the housing portion;
The carburetor, wherein the upstream pipe portion and the downstream pipe portion are arranged such that the first portion does not vertically overlap with the downstream pipe portion. A vaporizer for vaporizing the liquefied gas by heat-exchanging the intermediate medium gas vaporized in the liquid reservoir and a liquefied gas having a lower temperature than the intermediate medium gas, having a liquid storage part in which an intermediate medium liquid is stored; Vessel
A storage unit in which the intermediate medium gas is stored,
A first portion extending from the inflow port through which the liquefied gas flows into the storage portion and extending within the storage portion so as to be continuous with a flow path formed by the first portion in the storage portion; An upstream pipe portion having a second portion forming a divided flow path;
A curved pipe portion that forms a flow path curved upward from the flow path formed by the second portion in the housing portion;
A channel is formed in the housing portion at a position separated upward from the upstream pipe portion so as to vertically overlap with the upstream pipe portion, and forms a flow path connected to the flow path formed by the curved pipe portion. A downstream pipe section,
A heat insulator covering an outer peripheral surface of the downstream pipe portion over a predetermined length section at a position overlapping the first portion in a vertical direction.

Images