JP2020007751A - shutter - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a shutter which is good at opening/closing operability of a shutter door and in which a short coil spring can be used even in a tall case.SOLUTION: A shutter door 1 and an assist structure unit 2A for assisting opening/closing of the shutter door 1 attached to the rear surface side of a housing 9 are provided. The assist structure unit 2A includes: two spring members 2a and 2b which energize the shutter door 1 in the closing direction when the shutter door 1 is opened, and which energize the shutter door 1 in the opening direction when the shutter door 1 is closed; rail portions 3a and 3b extending in the moving direction of the shutter door 1 at the center of the rear surface of the housing 9 in the height direction; movement locking portions 5a which are engaged in the rail portions 3a and 3b in a movable manner and which fix one ends of the spring members 2a and 2b respectively; and a fixing lock part 4 for fixing the other ends of spring members provided to the rear part of the shutter door 1.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to a shutter which has high opening and closing operability and is suitable for opening and closing an opening of a housing having a height.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a medicine container used indoors such as a hospital has been known in which a multi-stage drawer-shaped shelf is provided in a housing and a medicine pallet for one week for a patient is stored in each shelf. Such a medicine container has an opening at the front surface of the housing and needs to be closed when not in use. Opening doors and shutters are conceivable as opening doors of the medicine container having a height of 1 m to 2 m. Among these, the shutter takes no place and is convenient. However, on the other hand, the shutter generally requires an initial pulling force at the beginning and end of the opening step and the closing step, or closes vigorously, so that there is a problem that the opening and closing operability is poor.

  On the other hand, there is known a shutter having an assist structure for improving the operability of opening and closing a shutter door. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-297709 discloses that a plurality of shutter door constituent members having a main body, a connecting concave portion, and a connecting convex portion are formed by extrusion molding of a resin material, and two adjacent shutter door structures are formed. By moving the members relative to each other in the longitudinal direction, the connection concave portion of one shutter door component and the connection convex portion of the other shutter door component are fitted together, whereby a plurality of shutter door component members are connected to each other. In the shutter that is connected to the shutter door, a guide rail for guiding the shutter door is provided, and the shutter door is urged in a direction to close the shutter door when the shutter door is opened, and the shutter door is closed. At times, two coil springs are provided to urge the shutter door to open, and the housing with the shutter door One end of each of the two coil springs is locked, and the other ends of the two coil springs are locked with respect to one of the shutter door constituent members connected to each other. And a reinforcing plate for integrating the shutter door constituent member with which the other end is locked and an adjacent shutter door constituent member connected to the shutter door constituent member is provided. In order to prevent the shutter door component whose other end is locked from rotating with respect to the adjacent shutter door component, the shutter door component where the other ends of the two coil springs are locked is reinforced. A shutter is disclosed in which an adjacent shutter door constituent member is restrained by an end of a reinforcing plate which is pressed against the plate and bent in a U-shape (claim 1). With the shutter disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-297709, the operability of opening and closing the shutter door can be improved as compared with the case where two coil springs are not provided. That is, when opening and closing the shutter door, the initial raising and lowering may be performed with a weak force, and in the latter period, the opening and closing can be performed gently while suppressing the momentum.

JP 2008-297709 A

  However, the shutter disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-297709 requires two coil springs to be long in the case of a tall housing, which causes problems in terms of material cost, a surface for determining spring biasing force, a spring life, and the like. Become.

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a shutter that has a good opening and closing operability of a shutter door and that can use a short coil spring even in a tall housing.

  That is, the present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, in which the front opening of the housing is opened by pulling up and the opening is closed by pulling down the housing. It has a shutter door housed from the plate part to the back part, and an assist structure part that assists opening and closing of the shutter door attached to the back side of the housing, and the assist structure part is open with the shutter door A pair of springs that urge the shutter door in the direction to close it, and urge the shutter door to open when the shutter door is closed. A rail partly extending with respect to the height and extending along the direction of movement of the shutter door; and a movement that is locked to the rail and is movable within the rail, and fixes one end of the spring body. Locking portion and shutter door Fixed locking part for fixing the other end of the spring member to be attached to the rear, has, there is provided a shutter, characterized by.

Further, in the present invention, the rail portion is attached to the inside of the rear portion of the left and right side plates forming the housing so as to face each other, and the fixed locking portion is an outer surface of the rear portion of the shutter door and a central portion. In a state where the shutter door is closed, the pair of spring bodies are stretched in a state of being biased in a reverse V-shape when viewed from the rear in a state where the shutter door is closed. is there.

Further, the present invention has a rear plate of the housing, which is located in front of a rear portion of the open shutter door,
The rail portion is provided at a central portion in the left-right direction of the rear plate of the housing, and the fixed locking portion is provided on an inner side surface of a rear portion of the shutter door and on both side portions in the left-right direction. In the closed state, in a rear view, the pair of spring bodies are stretched in a state of being biased by a spring in a V-shape to provide the shutter.

  Further, the present invention provides the shutter, wherein the spring body is a coil spring.

  Further, the present invention provides the shutter, wherein the spring body is in a substantially non-energized contracted state when the movement locking portion moves in the rail portion.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is a housing | casing which has good opening and closing operability of a shutter door, and a height, a short coil spring can be used and a shutter can be provided. In other words, the spring force acting as an assist acts on the area other than the area occupied by the rail member in the vertical direction, and the spring length may be short.

It is a perspective view of a shutter in a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is the perspective view seen from the back of the shutter of FIG. It is a rear view of the shutter of FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view at the end of a first assist step of the shutter in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a rear view of the shutter of FIG. 4. FIG. 3 is a perspective view at the end of an intermediate step after a first assist step of the shutter in FIG. 1. FIG. 7 is a perspective view at the beginning of a second assist step of the shutter of FIG. 6. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the shutter of FIG. 1 in an open state. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the shutter of FIG. 8 as viewed from the back. FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the shutter of FIG. 1. It is a perspective view of a shutter in a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is the perspective view seen from the back of the shutter of FIG. It is a rear view of the shutter of FIG. FIG. 12 is a perspective view at the end of a first assist step of the shutter in FIG. 11. FIG. 15 is a rear view of the shutter of FIG. 14. FIG. 12 is a perspective view at the end of an intermediate step after the first assist step of the shutter in FIG. 11. FIG. 17 is a perspective view at the beginning of a second assist step of the shutter in FIG. 16. It is a perspective view in the state where the shutter of FIG. 11 was opened. FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the shutter of FIG. 18 as viewed from the back. FIG. 12 is an exploded perspective view of the shutter of FIG.

  In this specification, “up and down” and “front and back” refer to directions in a shutter installation state. In the shutter of the present invention, as the shutter door, a flexible resin plate having a predetermined length and a predetermined width, and a main body portion, a connecting concave portion, and a connecting convex portion as described in JP-A-2008-297709. And a linked body of shutter door constituent members having the following. When the shutter door is opened, it is manually pulled up, moved from the upper side to the rear side, and stored in the rear side. At the time of closing, for example, the front opening is closed by pulling down a handle located at the upper part.

  The housing in which the shutter of the present invention is used is preferably one having a height of about 1 m to 2 m, for example, a medicine container used in hospitals and the like. Even if the height is about 2 m, the length of the two spring bodies may be short, and the operability of opening and closing the shutter door is good. The guide portion on which the both side edges of the shutter door are fitted and movably fitted may have an I-shaped cross-sectional groove shape, and preferably has a continuous groove on both sides of the front opening, on the ceiling, and on both sides of the back.

  Examples of the spring body of the present invention include a rubber wire and a coil spring. Among them, the coil spring is preferable in terms of spring performance and durability.

  Next, a shutter according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The shutter 10 has a shutter door 1 and an assist structure 2A. The shutter door 1 has a width dimension slightly larger than the opening width of the front opening of the housing, and a depth dimension such that in a closed state, the shutter door 1 reaches the back via the back of the ceiling and the rear end is the upper part of the back. It is a flexible plate made of resin. Since the rear end of the shutter door 1 is located on the upper part of the rear surface, the shutter door 1 can be connected to the assist structure 2A installed on the rear side of the housing. That is, the shutter door 1 is pulled up to open the front opening x of the housing 9 and is pulled down to close the opening x. When the front opening x is open, the shutter door 1 is opened from the top plate (behind the ceiling). It is stored in the back. Further, a handle 111 for raising and lowering the shutter door 1 is formed at a front portion of the shutter door 1. The housing 9 has a top plate 91, left and right side plates 92a and 92b, and a back plate 93, and a guide groove 96 for guiding the shutter door 1 is formed on both sides of the front opening, the back of the ceiling, and both sides of the back. In the figure, the symbol X is on the front side, and the symbol Y is on the rear side.

  The assist structure 2 </ b> A used in the shutter 10 is attached to the back side of the housing 9 and assists in opening and closing the shutter door 1. The assist structure 2A has a pair of coil springs 2a, 2b and rails 3a, 3b. The two coil springs 2a and 2b have the same spring characteristics and the same length. At the outer surface (rear surface) of the rear portion 12 of the shutter door 1 and at the center thereof, a fixed locking portion 4 is provided for locking one end of each of the two coil springs 2a and 2b. The fixed locking portion 4 is provided at the center in the left-right direction of a long metal fixed plate-shaped body 113 provided at the center of the rear portion 12 of the shutter door 1. Thereby, the fixed locking part 4 can be firmly fixed to the shutter door 1 made of resin. In this example, the fixed locking portion 4 is a screw-shaped projection.

  The rails 3a and 3b are attached to the housing 9 side. That is, the housing 9 is formed with a pair of left and right members 921a and 921b located behind the rear portion 115 of the open shutter door, and the rail portions 3a and 3b are formed of the pair of left and right members 921a and 921b. At the center in the height direction, it is provided at a position facing the part length with respect to the total length. In this example, the pair of left and right members 921 a and 921 b are left and right side plates of the housing 9 and are inner surfaces behind the guide grooves 96.

The rail portions 3a and 3b are formed by forming a concave vertically long locking groove in a long plate-like body, and the center in the length direction of the rail portion 3a, 3b is a fixed locking portion 4 in a state where the shutter door 1 is closed. Preferably, the position substantially coincides with the center (half) of the length (h ₂ ) between the position of the fixed locking portion 4 in the opened state (see FIG. 3). The concave locking groove has a groove opening facing the inside of the housing, and the opening having a small width and a large internal groove width is easy to lock the movable locking portions 5a and 5b, and This is preferable because the shutter door 1 easily moves in the direction in which the shutter door 1 moves in the locking groove. As a result, the first first assist distance and the last second assist distance match, and the opening / closing operation becomes easier. Further, the rail portion 3a, 3b has a portion height with respect to the total length height, the rail portion 3a, 3b groove length of (h ₁₎ is 1 / 3-3 / 4 of (h _2), Preferably it is about 1/2. If the groove length (h ₁ ) is too long, the assist distance will be short, and if the groove length (h ₁ ) is too short, the assist distance will be long and the spring length will be large. The full length height has the same meaning as the moving length of the shutter door 1. The moving locking portions 5a, 5b are locked to the rail portions 3a, 3b. The movable locking portions 5a and 5b are locked in the grooves of the rails and are movable in the grooves of the rails.

  In the two coil springs 2a and 2b, the reduced length of one coil spring is about half the distance between the rails 3a and 3b facing each other. During the movement, it is preferable that the spring is in a non-biased reduced state, and the spring length can be shortened. One coil spring 2a has one end locked to the fixed locking portion 4 and the other end fixed to the moving locking portion 5a. The other one of the coil springs 2b has one end locked to the fixed locking portion 4 and the other end fixed to the movable locking portion 5b. When the shutter door 1 is closed, the two coil springs 2a and 2b are stretched upside down in a V-shape in a state where the springs are urged in a rear view (see FIG. 3).

Next, the opening and closing operation of the shutter door 1 in the shutter 10 will be described. FIGS. 1 to 3 show a state in which the shutter door 1 closes the front opening x of the housing 9. In this state, the two coil springs 2a and 2b have one end locked to the fixed locking portion 4 and the other end locked to the moving locking portions 5a and 5b in a state where the springs are urged, to form an inverted V-shape. It is stretched (see FIG. 3). In this state, the two coil springs 2a and 2b are urged in a direction to open the shutter door. Therefore, when the shutter door 1 is pulled upward, the shutter door 1 can be pulled up with a smaller force than when there is no coil spring 2a, 2b. In the initial stage of the shutter door 1 that has been lifted, the spring bias of the coil springs acts until the two coil springs 2a and 2b are in a horizontal state. It is stopped and assisted up to the partially opened state in FIGS. 4 and 5 (first assist step). As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when the two coil springs 2a and 2b are urged, the shutter door 1 is stationary due to the urging force of the springs. This is because the frictional force of the ball is superior.

  Next, if the raising of the shutter door 1 is continued, the process without assistance shown in FIGS. That is, when the two coil springs 2a and 2b are in a horizontal state and the shutter door 1 is further pulled up, the two coil springs 2a and 2b maintain the horizontal state, and the moving locking portions 5a and 5b 3b moves downward in the groove 3b (FIGS. 6 and 7). Although FIGS. 5 to 7 show a process without assist, the force for lifting the shutter door 1 continues, and the shutter door 1 can be opened smoothly.

  Further, when the shutter door 1 is kept open, the moving locking portions 5a, 5b for holding the two coil springs 2a, 2b stop at the lower ends of the rail portions 3a, 3b, so that the two coil springs 2a, 2b in the horizontal state are viewed from the rear. At a V-shaped state in which the spring is biased (FIG. 9). That is, in the latter stage of raising the shutter door 1, the two coil springs 2a and 2b bias the shutter door 1 in the closing direction, so that the momentum for opening the shutter door 1 is suppressed, and the opening operation ends gently and gently. (Second assist step).

  According to the shutter 10, a short coil spring is sufficient even in the case 9 having a high height with a high opening / closing operation of the shutter door 1 and a high height. In other words, the spring force acting as an assist acts on the area other than the area occupied by the rail members 3a and 3b in the vertical direction, and the spring length may be short.

  Next, a shutter 10a according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The shutter 10a has a shutter door 1 and an assist structure 2B. The shutter door 1 has a width dimension slightly larger than the opening width of the front opening of the housing, and a depth dimension such that in a closed state, the shutter door 1 reaches the back via the back of the ceiling and the rear end is the upper part of the back. It is a flexible plate made of resin. Since the rear end of the shutter door 1 is located on the upper portion of the rear surface, the shutter door 1 can be connected to the assist structure portion 2B installed on the rear surface side of the housing. That is, the shutter door 1 is pulled up to open the front opening x of the housing 9 and is pulled down to close the opening x. When the front opening x is open, the shutter door 1 is opened from the top plate (behind the ceiling). It is stored in the back. The housing 9 has a top plate 91, left and right side plates 92a and 92b, and a back plate 93, and a guide groove 96 for guiding the shutter door 1 is formed on both sides of the front opening, the back of the ceiling, and both sides of the back. In the figure, the symbol X is on the front side, and the symbol Y is on the rear side.

  The assist structure 2 </ b> B used in the shutter 10 is attached to the back side of the housing 9 and assists in opening and closing the shutter door 1. The assist structure portion 2B has a pair of coil springs 2c and 2d and one rail portion 6. The two coil springs 2a and 2b have the same spring characteristics and the same length. Fixed locking portions 4a and 4b to which one ends of the two coil springs 2c and 2d are locked are provided on the inner side surface and both side portions of the rear portion 12 of the shutter door 1, respectively. The fixed locking portions 4a and 4b are provided on left and right ends of a long metal fixed plate-like body 113a provided on the rear end of the shutter door 1. Thereby, the fixed locking portions 4a and 4b can be firmly fixed to the shutter door 1 made of resin. The fixed locking portions 4a and 4b are screw-shaped projections in this example.

  The rail portion 3c is a rear plate 93 of the housing 9, and is attached vertically in the center in the left-right direction. The back plate 93 is located in front of the back portion of the opened shutter door 1, and when viewed from the front, the assist structure portion 2B located behind the back plate 93 is not visible. The rail portion 3c is provided at a central portion of the back plate 93 in the height direction with a partial length with respect to the total height. The full length height has the same meaning as the moving length of the shutter door 1.

The rail portion 3c is formed by forming a concave vertically long locking groove in a long plate-like body, and the center in the length direction has a fixed locking portion 4a with the shutter door 1 closed. Preferably, the position substantially coincides with the center (half) of the length (h ₄ ) between the position of 4b and the positions of the fixed locking portions 4a and 4b in the open state (see FIG. 13). The groove opening of the concave locking groove is directed toward the rear side, and the opening having a small width and a large internal groove width is easy to lock and move with the movable locking portion 5c. Is preferred. As a result, the first assist distance matches the last assist distance, and the opening / closing operation becomes easier. The groove length (h ₃ ) of the rail portion 3c is １ to / of (h ₄ ), preferably about ２. When the groove length of the rail portion 3c (h ₃₎ is too long, the assist distance becomes short, the groove length (h ₃₎ is too short, the assist distance becomes long, the spring length becomes larger. The movement locking portion 5c is locked to the rail portion 3c. The movement locking part 5c is locked in the groove of the rail part 3c and is movable in the direction in which the shutter door 1 moves in the groove of the rail part 3c.

In the two coil springs 2c and 2d, the reduced length of one coil spring is set to about half of the distance between the left and right fixed locking portions 4a and 4b, and the movable locking portion 5c moves in the rail portion 3c. During this time, the spring is in a contracted state without spring bias, which is preferable in that the spring length can be shortened. One coil spring 2c has one end locked to the fixed locking portion 4a and the other end fixed to the movable locking portion 5c. The other coil spring 2d has one end locked to the fixed locking portion 4b and the other end fixed to the movable locking portion 5c. When the shutter door 1 is closed, the two coil springs 2c and 2d are stretched in a V-shape in a state where the springs are urged in a rear view (see FIG. 13).

Next, the opening and closing operation of the shutter door 1 in the shutter 10a will be described. FIGS. 11 to 13 show a state in which the shutter door 1 closes the front opening x of the housing 9. In this state, one end of each of the two coil springs 2c and 2d is locked to the fixed locking portions 4a and 4b and the other end is locked to the moving locking portion 5c in a state where the springs are urged, thereby forming a V-shape. It is stretched (
See FIG. 13). In this state, the two coil springs 2c and 2d urge the shutter door 1 to open. Therefore, when the shutter door 1 is pulled upward, the shutter door 1 can be pulled up with a smaller force as compared with a state without the coil springs 2c and 2d. In the initial stage of the shutter door 1 that has been lifted, the spring bias of the coil springs acts until the two coil springs 2c and 2d are in a horizontal state, and the movement locking portion 5c is stopped at the upper end 61 of the groove of the rail portion 3c. 14 and FIG. 15 (the first assisting step). In addition, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, when the two coil springs 2 c and 2 d are urged, the shutter door 1 is stationary due to the urging force of the spring. This is because the frictional force of the ball is superior.

  Next, if the raising of the shutter door 1 is continued, the process without assistance shown in FIGS. That is, when the two coil springs 2c and 2d are in the horizontal state, and the shutter door 1 is further pulled up, the two coil springs 2c and 2d maintain the horizontal state while the movement locking portion 5c is in the groove of the rail portion 3c. Is moved downward (FIGS. 16 and 17). FIGS. 15 to 17 show a process without assist, but the force for lifting the shutter door 1 continues, and the shutter door 1 can be opened smoothly.

  Furthermore, when the shutter door 1 is kept open, the moving locking portion 5c for holding the two coil springs 2c and 2d stops at the lower end 62 of the rail portion 3c, so that the two coil springs 2c and 2d in the horizontal state are in the spring biased state. The state becomes an inverted V-shape (FIG. 19). That is, since the two coil springs 2c and 2d urge the shutter door 1 in the closing direction, the momentum of opening the shutter door 1 is suppressed, and the opening operation is gently and gently completed (second assist step).

  According to the shutter 10a, a short coil spring suffices even for the housing 9 having a high height, which has good opening and closing operability of the shutter door 1 and a high height. In other words, the spring force acting as an assist acts on an area other than the area occupied by the rail member 3c in the vertical direction, and the spring length may be short.

  In the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications can be adopted. In the first embodiment, the rear plate of the housing may not be provided. In this case, when the shutter door 1 is opened, the assist structure 2A can be seen from the front of the housing, but does not affect the assist operation. Further, the housing provided with the shutter 1 of the present invention may be placed horizontally. In this case, the shutter 1 is opened and closed in the horizontal direction. The handle 111 of the shutter door 1 is not limited to the gripping shape as shown in FIG. 1, and may be, for example, one in which a finger is hooked on the shutter surface or a plurality of recesses formed in the shutter moving direction.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if it is a housing | casing which has good opening and closing operability of a shutter door, and a height, a short coil spring can be used and a shutter can be provided. For this reason, the effect is particularly remarkable in a container having a relatively high height used indoors such as a medicine container used in a hospital.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shutter door 2A, 2B Assist structure part 2a-2d Coil spring 3a-3c Rail part 4, 4a, 4b Fixed locking part 5a-5c Moving locking part 9 Housing 10, 10a Shutter 91 Top plates 92a, 92b Left and right side plates 93 Back plate 96 Guide groove

Claims (5)

A shutter door that is lifted up to open the front opening of the housing and pulled down to close the opening, and when the front opening is open, the shutter door is stored from the top plate to the back.
An assist structure portion that assists in opening and closing the shutter door attached to the rear side of the housing,
The assist structure portion, when the shutter door is open, biases in a direction to close the shutter door, and when the shutter door is closed, a pair of spring bodies that biases in a direction to open the shutter door,
A rail portion at a central portion in the height direction of the rear surface of the housing, which is a partial length with respect to the total height, and extends along the moving direction of the shutter door;
A movable locking portion that locks to the rail portion and is movable within the rail portion, and fixes one end of the spring body;
A fixed locking portion attached to a rear portion of the shutter door and fixing the other end of the spring body. The rail portions are attached to the inside of the rear portions of the left and right side plates forming the housing, facing each other,
The fixed locking portion is attached to an outer side surface and a center portion of a rear portion of the shutter door,
2. The shutter according to claim 1, wherein when the shutter door is closed, the pair of spring bodies are stretched in a state of being biased in an inverted V-shape when viewed from the rear, in a rear view. 3. Having a back plate of the housing, located in front of a back portion of the opened shutter door,
The rail portion is attached to a central portion in a left-right direction of a rear plate of the housing,
The fixed locking portion is provided on the inner surface of the rear portion of the shutter door and on both sides in the left-right direction,
2. The shutter according to claim 1, wherein when the shutter door is closed, the pair of spring bodies are stretched in a V-shape in a state of being spring-biased when viewed from the rear. 3.   The shutter according to claim 1, wherein the spring body is a coil spring.   The shutter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the spring body is in a substantially non-energized contracted state when the movement locking portion moves within the rail portion.