JP2020004577A - Surge protection element - Google Patents

Surge protection element Download PDF

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JP2020004577A
JP2020004577A JP2018121923A JP2018121923A JP2020004577A JP 2020004577 A JP2020004577 A JP 2020004577A JP 2018121923 A JP2018121923 A JP 2018121923A JP 2018121923 A JP2018121923 A JP 2018121923A JP 2020004577 A JP2020004577 A JP 2020004577A
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thin plate
surge protection
plate members
adjusting member
insulating tube
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黛 良享
Yoshitaka Mayuzumi
良享 黛
酒井 信智
Nobutomo Sakai
信智 酒井
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Mitsubishi Materials Corp
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Priority to TW108121624A priority patent/TW202002440A/en
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Abstract

To provide a surge protection element, which can be manufactured at a low cost, capable of suppressing short circuit due to adhesion of metal components scattered by arc discharge.SOLUTION: The surge protection element includes: an insulating tube 2; a pair of sealing electrodes 3 for closing both end openings of the insulating tube and sealing a discharge control gas therein; and an interval adjusting member 4 for defining an interval between the pair of sealing electrodes, by being sandwiched between opposing surfaces of the pair of sealing electrodes in a state where a part is left open as a discharge space S between the pair of sealing electrodes. The interval adjusting member is composed of a plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b, overlapped in an axial direction of the insulating tube, at least one of which is formed of an insulating material. In at least one of the plurality of thin plate members, a peripheral edge portion in contact with the discharge space has a different shape from other overlapping thin plate members. A step portion D is formed at a peripheral edge portion of the interval adjusting member that is in contact with the discharge space.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

本発明は、落雷等で発生するサージから様々な機器を保護し、事故を未然に防ぐのに使用するサージ防護素子に関する。   The present invention relates to a surge protection element used to protect various devices from a surge generated by a lightning strike or the like and prevent an accident from occurring.

電話機、ファクシミリ、モデム等の通信機器用の電子機器が通信線との接続する部分、電源線、アンテナ或いはCRT、液晶テレビおよびプラズマテレビ等の画像表示駆動回路等、雷サージや静電気等の異常電圧(サージ電圧)による電撃を受けやすい部分には、異常電圧によって電子機器やこの機器を搭載するプリント基板の熱的損傷又は発火等による破壊を防止するために、サージ防護素子が接続されている。   Telecommunications equipment such as telephones, facsimiles, modems, etc., connected to communication lines, power lines, antennas or image display drive circuits such as CRTs, liquid crystal televisions and plasma televisions, abnormal voltages such as lightning surges and static electricity A surge protection element is connected to a part which is easily affected by electric shock due to (surge voltage) in order to prevent an electronic device or a printed circuit board on which the device is mounted from being damaged by heat or fire due to abnormal voltage.

従来、例えば特許文献1には、ガラス管内で対向する金属部材の間に導電被覆した部材を挟んだマイクロギャップ式サージ防護素子が記載されている。このマイクロギャップ式サージ防護素子では、導電被覆した部材の中央に数μm〜数十μmのスリット(ギャップ)を設け、規定の電圧以下では対向する金属部材間に電流が流れない構造となっている。そして、設定した電圧を超えると、スリット間にアーク放電が発生し、対向する金属部材間に電流が流れるようになっている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, Patent Literature 1 describes a microgap type surge protection element in which a member covered with conductive coating is sandwiched between metal members facing each other in a glass tube. This micro-gap type surge protection element has a structure in which a slit (gap) of several μm to several tens μm is provided at the center of a conductively coated member, and no current flows between opposing metal members below a specified voltage. . When the voltage exceeds the set voltage, an arc discharge occurs between the slits, and a current flows between the opposed metal members.

このサージ防護素子は、ガラス管のガラス軟化による形状変化能と、金属との接合特性とを利用したデバイスであり、量産性にも優れていることから幅広い分野で活用されている。
また、特許文献2には、セラミックス又はガラス等で形成された円筒体と、電気絶縁性のリング状スペーサを介在させることにより所定距離の空間を隔てて対峙する一対の電極とを備えたサージ防護素子が記載されている。このようなサージ防護素子のように、対向電極をアルミナ等のセラミックス製円筒体で封止したサージ防護素子はアレスタと呼ばれている。
This surge protection element is a device that utilizes the shape changeability of a glass tube due to softening of glass and the characteristics of joining with a metal, and has excellent mass productivity, and is therefore used in a wide range of fields.
In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses a surge protection device including a cylindrical body formed of ceramics or glass, and a pair of electrodes facing each other with a predetermined space therebetween by interposing an electrically insulating ring-shaped spacer. An element is described. A surge protection element in which the opposing electrode is sealed with a ceramic cylindrical body such as alumina as in such a surge protection element is called an arrester.

特公昭63−57918号公報JP-B-63-57918 特開昭63−318085号公報JP-A-63-318085

上記従来の技術には、以下の課題が残されている。
すなわち、ガラス被覆型マイクロギャップ式サージ防護素子は、ガラスと金属部材との接合性が良好であり、ガスの封止性や、大気や水分の遮断性等の優れた信頼性を有しているが、マイクロギャップを構成するスリット幅が狭いと共に、マイクロギャップ周辺を形成している導電性被覆の厚さが数十μmと薄いため、サージ耐量は1500A程度が限界であった。また、導電性被覆の成膜工程やマイクロギャップを形成するためのレーザ加工工程が必要であり、工程が複雑になると共に作製に時間が掛かり、高コスト化してしまう不都合があった。
一方、アレスタ型サージ防護素子は、直径5mmの製品における耐量が2000Aであり、直径8mmの製品における耐量が5000Aであり、ガラス被覆型マイクロギャップ式サージ防護素子よりも高いサージ耐量特性を有している。このようなアレスタ型サージ防護素子は、高信頼性が要求される大型家電、太陽光発電及び上下水道といったインフラ設備向け等に採用されている。なお、アレスタ型サージ防護素子は、金属とセラミックスとの接合において、高価な接合剤(銀系ロウ材)や、ガラス製円筒部材より高価なアルミナ製円筒部材が必要となる。さらに、セラミックスと金属部との接合には非常に高い技術が必要であると共に、電極内部に電極補助材(グラファイト等)を設けたり、電極保護及び放電助長の目的で対向電極表面に誘電材料を付与したりする必要があり、製造工程が複雑となっている。そのため、製造費用がガラス被覆型マイクロギャップ式サージ防護素子と比べて大幅に上昇する傾向にあった。特に、静電気対策に用いる場合では上記マイクロギャップのような非常に狭い間隔で対向する電極を互いに離間させる必要があり、高精度にギャップを設定することが困難であった。
さらに、アーク放電により電極部を構成する金属が溶融飛散し、金属成分が絶縁性管の内面に付着することで、一対の封止電極間の絶縁性を悪化させてしまう問題があった。特に、大量の金属成分が絶縁性管の内面に付着すると、絶縁性管の内周面に通電回路が形成されてショートしてしまう場合も有り、その場合はサージ防護素子の寿命と判断されてしまう不都合があった。なお、特許文献2に記載のサージ防護素子では、リング状スペーサが介在しているため、絶縁性管の内周面に金属成分が付着しないが、リング状スペーサの内周面に金属成分が付着して、やはりショートが発生するおそれがあった。
The following problems remain in the above-described conventional technology.
In other words, the glass-coated microgap surge protection element has good bonding properties between glass and metal members, and has excellent reliability such as gas sealing properties and air and moisture blocking properties. However, since the slit width constituting the microgap is small and the thickness of the conductive coating forming the periphery of the microgap is as thin as several tens of μm, the surge withstand capability is limited to about 1500A. In addition, a film forming step of a conductive coating and a laser processing step for forming a micro gap are required, so that the steps become complicated, the production takes time, and the cost is increased.
On the other hand, the arrester-type surge protection element has a withstand capacity of 2000A for a product with a diameter of 5 mm and a resistance of 5000 A for a product with a diameter of 8 mm, and has a surge withstand characteristic higher than that of a glass-coated micro gap type surge protector. I have. Such an arrester-type surge protection element is used for infrastructure equipment such as large home appliances, solar power generation, and water and sewage that require high reliability. The arrester-type surge protection element requires an expensive bonding agent (silver-based brazing material) and an alumina cylindrical member that is more expensive than a glass cylindrical member in joining metal and ceramics. In addition, very high technology is required for joining ceramics and metal parts, and an auxiliary electrode material (such as graphite) is provided inside the electrode, and a dielectric material is applied to the surface of the counter electrode for the purpose of protecting the electrode and promoting discharge. And the production process is complicated. Therefore, the manufacturing cost tends to be significantly higher than that of the glass-coated micro gap type surge protection element. In particular, in the case of using for countermeasures against static electricity, it is necessary to separate electrodes facing each other at a very small interval such as the above-mentioned micro gap, and it has been difficult to set the gap with high accuracy.
Further, there is a problem in that the metal constituting the electrode portion is melted and scattered by the arc discharge, and the metal component adheres to the inner surface of the insulating tube, thereby deteriorating the insulating property between the pair of sealing electrodes. In particular, if a large amount of metal component adheres to the inner surface of the insulating tube, a current-carrying circuit may be formed on the inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube, causing a short circuit.In such a case, the life of the surge protection element is determined. There was an inconvenience. In the surge protection element described in Patent Document 2, the metal component does not adhere to the inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube because the ring spacer is interposed, but the metal component adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the ring spacer. As a result, there was a risk that a short circuit would occur.

本発明は、前述の課題に鑑みてなされたもので、低コストで作製可能であると共に、アーク放電で飛散した金属成分の付着によるショートを抑制可能なサージ防護素子を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has an object to provide a surge protection element that can be manufactured at low cost and that can suppress a short circuit due to adhesion of a metal component scattered by arc discharge. .

本発明は、前記課題を解決するために以下の構成を採用した。すなわち、第1の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、絶縁性管と、前記絶縁性管の両端開口部を閉塞して内部に放電制御ガスを封止する一対の封止電極と、一対の前記封止電極の間で一部を放電空間として空けた状態で一対の前記封止電極の対向面に挟まれて一対の前記封止電極の間隔を規定する間隔調整部材とを備え、前記間隔調整部材が、前記絶縁性管の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材で構成され、複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つにおいて、前記放電空間に接する周縁部が、重なる他の前記薄板部材と異なる形状とされ、前記間隔調整部材の前記放電空間に接する周縁部に、段差部が形成されていることを特徴とする。   The present invention has the following features to attain the object mentioned above. That is, a surge protection element according to a first aspect of the present invention includes an insulating tube, a pair of sealing electrodes for closing both ends of the insulating tube to seal a discharge control gas therein, and a pair of the sealing electrodes. A gap adjusting member that is sandwiched between opposing surfaces of the pair of sealing electrodes and defines a gap between the pair of sealing electrodes in a state where a part of the sealing electrodes is left as a discharge space, and the gap adjusting member Is composed of a plurality of thin plate members that are stacked in the axial direction of the insulating tube and at least one of which is formed of an insulating material, and in at least one of the plurality of thin plate members, a peripheral edge portion that contacts the discharge space is provided. The gap adjusting member has a shape different from that of the other thin plate member, and a step portion is formed on a peripheral edge portion of the gap adjusting member that is in contact with the discharge space.

このサージ防護素子では、間隔調整部材が、絶縁性管の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材で構成され、複数の薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つにおいて、放電空間に接する周縁部が、重なる他の薄板部材と異なる形状とされ、間隔調整部材の放電空間に接する周縁部に、段差部が形成されているので、アーク放電で飛散した金属成分が間隔調整部材の周縁部に付着しても段差部があるために付着金属による通電回路が形成され難く、ショートしてしまうことを抑制することができる。
また、段差部によって間隔調整部材の周縁部を介した封止電極間の沿面距離が長くなり、この点でも付着金属による通電回路が形成され難くなる。なお、従来の一体物のスペーサでは、その周縁部を加工して段差の大きな段差部を形成することが困難であるが、本発明のサージ防護素子では、複数の薄板部材を重ねることで、段差の大きな段差部を得ることが容易である。
さらに、薄板部材の枚数で一対の封止電極間のギャップを容易に調整することができ、作製が容易で低コストであると共に、アレスタ型の対向電極を採用していることで、小型でありながら高耐量・高信頼性を得ることができる。
In this surge protection element, the gap adjusting member is composed of a plurality of thin plate members that are overlapped in the axial direction of the insulating tube and at least one of the thin plate members is formed of an insulating material. The peripheral portion in contact with the space has a shape different from that of the other thin sheet member that overlaps, and a step portion is formed in the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member that is in contact with the discharge space. Even if it adheres to the peripheral portion of, it is difficult to form an energizing circuit by the adhered metal due to the presence of the stepped portion, and it is possible to suppress a short circuit.
In addition, the step portion increases the creeping distance between the sealing electrodes via the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member, and in this respect, it is difficult to form an energizing circuit using the adhered metal. Although it is difficult to form a step portion having a large step by processing the peripheral portion of the conventional integral spacer, the surge protection element of the present invention has a step difference by stacking a plurality of thin plate members. It is easy to obtain a large step portion.
Furthermore, the gap between the pair of sealing electrodes can be easily adjusted by the number of the thin plate members, which is easy to manufacture and low in cost, and is small in size by employing an arrester-type counter electrode. However, high durability and high reliability can be obtained.

第2の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第1の発明において、前記絶縁性管が、円筒状であり、複数の前記薄板部材が、前記絶縁性管の内周面に外周縁が接触した円環状に形成され、複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの内径が、他の前記薄板部材と異なり、前記間隔調整部材の内周面に、前記段差部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、円環状である複数の薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの内径が、他の薄板部材と異なり、間隔調整部材の内周面に、段差部が形成されているので、薄板部材が絶縁性管の内周面に接触する円環状であることで位置決めすることができると共に、間隔調整部材の内側に段差部で囲まれた放電空間を確保することができる。
A surge protection element according to a second invention is the surge protection device according to the first invention, wherein the insulating tube has a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of the thin plate members have an outer peripheral edge in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube. The stepped portion is formed in an annular shape, wherein at least one of the plurality of thin plate members has an inner diameter different from the other thin plate members, and the step portion is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member.
That is, in this surge protection element, since the inner diameter of at least one of the plurality of annular thin plate members is different from the other thin plate members, a stepped portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the interval adjusting member. Positioning can be performed by the member being in the form of an annular shape that comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube, and a discharge space surrounded by a step can be secured inside the gap adjusting member.

第3の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第1の発明において、前記絶縁性管が、円筒状であり、前記間隔調整部材が、前記対向面の中央部分に配され、複数の前記薄板部材が、互いに軸線が共通した円板状に形成され、複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの外径が、他の前記薄板部材と異なり、前記間隔調整部材の外周面に、前記段差部が形成されていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、対向面中央部分の複数の薄板部材が、互いに軸線が共通した円板状に形成され、複数の薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの外径が、他の薄板部材と異なり、間隔調整部材の外周面に、段差部が形成されているので、間隔調整部材の段差部の周囲に放電空間を確保することができる。また、対向面中央部分に配された間隔調整部材が障壁となり、アーク放電で生じた金属成分が絶縁性管の半径方向反対側の放電空間にまで飛散することを抑制可能である。
In the surge protection element according to a third aspect, in the first aspect, the insulating tube has a cylindrical shape, the interval adjusting member is disposed at a central portion of the facing surface, and a plurality of the thin plate members are provided. An outer diameter of at least one of the plurality of thin plate members is different from other thin plate members, and the step portion is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the interval adjusting member. It is characterized by having.
That is, in this surge protection element, the plurality of thin plate members in the central portion of the opposing surface are formed in a disk shape having a common axis, and the outer diameter of at least one of the plurality of thin plate members is different from the other thin plate members. Since the step portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member, a discharge space can be secured around the step portion of the gap adjusting member. In addition, the gap adjusting member disposed at the center portion of the facing surface serves as a barrier, so that it is possible to suppress the metal component generated by the arc discharge from scattering to the discharge space on the opposite side in the radial direction of the insulating tube.

第4の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第1から第3の発明のいずれかにおいて、前記間隔調整部材が、絶縁性材料で形成された前記薄板部材である絶縁性薄板と、金属で形成された前記薄板部材である機能性薄板とを備えていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、間隔調整部材が、絶縁性材料で形成された薄板部材である絶縁性薄板と、導電性材料で形成された薄板部材である機能性薄板とを備えているので、絶縁性薄板によって封止電極間の絶縁性を確保すると共に、導電性を有する機能性薄板によって放電特性を調整することが可能になる。
A surge protection element according to a fourth invention is the surge protection element according to any one of the first to third inventions, wherein the gap adjusting member is formed of an insulating thin plate as the thin plate member formed of an insulating material, and metal. And a functional thin plate as the thin plate member.
That is, in this surge protection element, the interval adjusting member includes an insulating thin plate that is a thin plate member formed of an insulating material, and a functional thin plate that is a thin plate member formed of a conductive material. Insulation between the sealing electrodes is ensured by the insulating thin plate, and discharge characteristics can be adjusted by the functional thin plate having conductivity.

第5の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第4の発明において、前記機能性薄板が、金属で形成されていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、機能性薄板が、金属で形成されているので、飛散した金属成分が金属の機能性薄板に付着し易くなり、絶縁性薄板に付着することを抑制可能である。
A surge protection element according to a fifth invention is characterized in that, in the fourth invention, the functional thin plate is formed of a metal.
That is, in this surge protection element, since the functional thin plate is formed of a metal, the scattered metal component easily adheres to the functional thin metal plate, and it is possible to suppress the metal component from adhering to the insulating thin plate.

第6の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第4の発明において、前記機能性薄板が、イオン源材料で形成されていることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、機能性薄板が、イオン源材料で形成されているので、アーク放電のトリガとしての放電補助機能を有した機能性薄板とすることができる。
A surge protection element according to a sixth aspect is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect, the functional thin plate is formed of an ion source material.
That is, in this surge protection element, since the functional thin plate is formed of the ion source material, it can be a functional thin plate having a discharge auxiliary function as a trigger of arc discharge.

第7の発明に係るサージ防護素子は、第1から第6の発明のいずれかにおいて、前記絶縁性管が、ガラス管であることを特徴とする。
すなわち、このサージ防護素子では、絶縁性管が、ガラス管であるので、アルミナ等のセラミックスに比べて安価に作製できると共に、高いガス封止性及び水分等の遮断性により優れた信頼性が得られる。
A surge protection element according to a seventh aspect is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, the insulating tube is a glass tube.
That is, in this surge protection element, since the insulating tube is a glass tube, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than ceramics such as alumina, and at the same time, has excellent reliability due to high gas sealing property and moisture blocking property. Can be

本発明によれば、以下の効果を奏する。
すなわち、本発明に係るサージ防護素子によれば、間隔調整部材が、絶縁性管の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材で構成され、複数の薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つにおいて、放電空間に接する周縁部が、重なる他の薄板部材と異なる形状とされ、間隔調整部材の放電空間に接する周縁部に、段差部が形成されているので、低コストで作製可能であると共に、アーク放電で飛散した金属成分の付着によるショートを抑制することができる。
したがって、本発明に係るサージ防護素子は、小型かつ安価で高信頼性の製品が要求される電気機器の電源回路部や通信回路部用などに好適である。特に、本発明のサージ防護素子は、基板実装用として静電気対策を含む幅広い用途に好適である。
According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
That is, according to the surge protection element of the present invention, the interval adjusting member is constituted by a plurality of thin plate members which are overlapped in the axial direction of the insulating tube and at least one of which is formed of an insulating material. In at least one of them, the peripheral portion in contact with the discharge space has a shape different from that of the other thin sheet member overlapping, and a step portion is formed in the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member in contact with the discharge space. While being possible, it is possible to suppress a short circuit due to the adhesion of the metal component scattered by the arc discharge.
Therefore, the surge protection device according to the present invention is suitable for a power supply circuit unit and a communication circuit unit of an electric device that requires a small, inexpensive, and highly reliable product. In particular, the surge protection element of the present invention is suitable for a wide range of applications including measures against static electricity for mounting on a substrate.

本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第1実施形態を示す軸線方向の断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a 1st embodiment of a surge protection element concerning the present invention. 第1実施形態において、サージ防護素子を示す分解斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the surge protection element in the first embodiment. 本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第2実施形態を示す軸線方向の断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a 2nd embodiment of a surge protection element concerning the present invention. 第2実施形態において、サージ防護素子を示す分解斜視図である。It is an exploded perspective view showing a surge protection element in a 2nd embodiment. 本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第3実施形態を示す軸線方向の断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a 3rd embodiment of a surge protection element concerning the present invention. 本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第4実施形態を示す軸線方向の断面図である。It is an axial sectional view showing a 4th embodiment of a surge protection element concerning the present invention.

以下、本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第1実施形態を、図1及び図2を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下の説明に用いる各図面では、各部材を認識可能又は認識容易な大きさとするために縮尺を適宜変更している。   Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a surge protection device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In each drawing used in the following description, the scale is appropriately changed in order to make each member a recognizable or easily recognizable size.

本実施形態のサージ防護素子1は、図1及び図2に示すように、絶縁性管2と、絶縁性管2の両端開口部を閉塞して内部に放電制御ガスを封止する一対の封止電極3と、一対の封止電極3の間で一部を放電空間Sとして空けた状態で一対の封止電極3の対向面に挟まれて一対の封止電極3の間隔を規定する間隔調整部材4とを備えている。
上記間隔調整部材4は、絶縁性管2の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材4a,4bで構成され、複数の薄板部材4a,4bのうち少なくとも1つの放電空間Sに接する周縁部が、重なる他の薄板部材4a,4bと異なる形状とされ、間隔調整部材4の放電空間に接する周縁部に、段差部Dが形成されている。
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the surge protection element 1 of the present embodiment includes an insulating tube 2 and a pair of sealing members for closing the openings at both ends of the insulating tube 2 to seal the discharge control gas therein. An interval defining the interval between the pair of sealing electrodes 3 sandwiched between the opposing surfaces of the pair of sealing electrodes 3 in a state where a part thereof is provided as a discharge space S between the stop electrode 3 and the pair of sealing electrodes 3. And an adjusting member 4.
The interval adjusting member 4 is composed of a plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b which are stacked in the axial direction of the insulating tube 2 and at least one of which is formed of an insulating material, and at least one of the plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b. The peripheral portion in contact with the discharge space S has a shape different from that of the other thin plate members 4a and 4b that overlap, and a step portion D is formed in the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member 4 in contact with the discharge space.

上記絶縁性管2は、円筒状であり、鉛ガラス等のガラス管で形成されている。なお、絶縁性管2は、安価で封止性等に優れたガラス管で形成することが好ましいが、アルミナなどの結晶性セラミックス材で形成しても構わない。
上記絶縁性管2内に封入される放電制御ガスは、不活性ガス等であって、例えばHe,Ar,Ne,Xe,Kr,SF,CO,C,C,CF,H,大気等及びこれらの混合ガスが採用される。
The insulating tube 2 has a cylindrical shape and is formed of a glass tube of lead glass or the like. Note that the insulating tube 2 is preferably formed of a glass tube which is inexpensive and has excellent sealing properties, but may be formed of a crystalline ceramic material such as alumina.
The discharge control gas sealed in the insulating tube 2 is an inert gas or the like, for example, He, Ar, Ne, Xe, Kr, SF 6 , CO 2 , C 3 F 8 , C 2 F 6 , CF 4 , H 2 , atmosphere, etc., and a mixed gas thereof are employed.

上記封止電極3は、例えばジュメット線,42アロイ(Fe:58wt%、Ni:42wt%),Cu等で円柱状に形成されている。
なお、本実施形態では、一対の封止電極3が絶縁性管2の内側に入り込んで両端開口部を閉塞している。
各封止電極3には、外側に突出したリード線5の基端部が埋め込まれている。
The sealing electrode 3 is formed of, for example, a dumet wire, a 42 alloy (Fe: 58 wt%, Ni: 42 wt%), Cu, or the like in a columnar shape.
In the present embodiment, the pair of sealing electrodes 3 enter the inside of the insulating tube 2 to close the openings at both ends.
The base end of the lead wire 5 projecting outward is embedded in each sealing electrode 3.

上記間隔調整部材4は、例えばガラス,セラミックス,紙,樹脂等の絶縁性材料の薄板又はフィルムで形成された複数の薄板部材4a,4bで構成されている。
複数の上記薄板部材4a,4bは、絶縁性管2の内周面に外周縁が接触した円環状に形成されている。
複数の薄板部材4a,4bのうち薄板部材4aの内径は、他の薄板部材4bと異なり、間隔調整部材4の内周面に、段差部Dが形成されている。
The interval adjusting member 4 is composed of a plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b formed of a thin plate or a film of an insulating material such as glass, ceramics, paper, and resin.
The plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b are formed in an annular shape in which the outer peripheral edge is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube 2.
The inner diameter of the thin plate member 4a among the plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b is different from the other thin plate members 4b, and a step portion D is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the interval adjusting member 4.

すなわち、本実施形態の間隔調整部材4は、内径の小さな薄板部材4aと、薄板部材4aよりも内径の大きな薄板部材4bとが交互に軸線方向に重ねられた4枚の薄板部材4a,4bで構成されている。
このように内径の異なる円環状の薄板部材4a,4bが交互に重ねられていることで、内径の大きな薄板部材4bに対して内方に内径の小さな薄板部材4aの内周縁部が内方に突出した状態となり、複数の段差部Dが間隔調整部材4の内周面に形成される。また、間隔調整部材4の内側に、略円盤状の放電空間Sが形成される。
That is, the interval adjusting member 4 of the present embodiment is composed of four thin plate members 4a and 4b in which thin plate members 4a having a small inner diameter and thin plate members 4b having a larger inner diameter than the thin plate member 4a are alternately stacked in the axial direction. It is configured.
Since the annular thin plate members 4a and 4b having different inner diameters are alternately stacked in this manner, the inner peripheral edge of the thin plate member 4a having a smaller inner diameter is inward of the thin plate member 4b having a larger inner diameter. In this state, the plurality of steps D are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member 4. A substantially disk-shaped discharge space S is formed inside the gap adjusting member 4.

なお、間隔調整部材4は、厚さが例えば200〜800μmとなるように、重ねる複数の薄板部材4a,4bの厚さと枚数とが設定される。すなわち、間隔調整部材4の厚さが封止電極間距離となる。
また、封止電極3の対向面の面積に対して、間隔調整部材4の対向面に対する設置面積は50%以内に設定することが好ましい。すなわち、間隔調整部材4の設置面積を50%以内としたのは、50%を超えると十分な放電空間Sが確保できないためである。
The thickness and the number of the plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b to be stacked are set such that the thickness of the gap adjusting member 4 is, for example, 200 to 800 μm. That is, the thickness of the gap adjusting member 4 becomes the distance between the sealing electrodes.
Further, it is preferable that the installation area of the space adjusting member 4 with respect to the facing surface of the sealing electrode 3 be set to 50% or less. That is, the reason why the installation area of the gap adjusting member 4 is set within 50% is that if it exceeds 50%, a sufficient discharge space S cannot be secured.

このように本実施形態のサージ防護素子1では、間隔調整部材4が、絶縁性管2の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材4a,4bで構成され、複数の薄板部材4a,4bのうち少なくとも1つにおいて、放電空間Sに接する周縁部が、重なる他の薄板部材と異なる形状とされ、間隔調整部材4の放電空間Sに接する周縁部に、段差部Dが形成されているので、アーク放電で飛散した金属成分が間隔調整部材4の周縁部に付着しても段差部Dがあるために付着金属による通電回路が形成され難く、ショートしてしまうことを抑制することができる。   As described above, in the surge protection element 1 according to the present embodiment, the gap adjusting member 4 is constituted by the plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b, which are stacked in the axial direction of the insulating tube 2 and at least one of which is formed of an insulating material. In at least one of the plurality of thin plate members 4a and 4b, a peripheral portion in contact with the discharge space S has a shape different from that of another overlapping thin plate member, and a step portion is formed in the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member 4 in contact with the discharge space S. Since D is formed, even if the metal component scattered by the arc discharge adheres to the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member 4, the stepped portion D makes it difficult to form an energizing circuit by the adhered metal, resulting in a short circuit. Can be suppressed.

また、段差部Dによって間隔調整部材4の周縁部を介した封止電極3間の沿面距離が長くなり、この点でも付着金属による通電回路が形成され難くなる。
なお、従来の一体物のスペーサでは、その周縁部を加工して段差の大きな段差部を形成することが困難であるが、本実施形態のサージ防護素子1では、内径の異なる複数の薄板部材4a,4bを重ねることで、段差の大きな段差部Dを得ることが容易である。
In addition, the step portion D increases the creeping distance between the sealing electrodes 3 via the peripheral portion of the gap adjusting member 4, and in this respect, it is difficult to form a current-carrying circuit using the adhered metal.
It is difficult to form a step portion having a large step by processing the peripheral portion of the conventional integral spacer. However, in the surge protection element 1 of the present embodiment, a plurality of thin plate members 4a having different inner diameters are formed. , 4b, it is easy to obtain a step portion D having a large step.

さらに、円環状である複数の薄板部材4a,4bのうち少なくとも1つの内径が、他の薄板部材4a,4bと異なり、間隔調整部材4の内周面に、段差部Dが形成されているので、薄板部材4a,4bが絶縁性管2の内周面に接触する円環状であることで位置決めすることができると共に、間隔調整部材4の内側に段差部Dで囲まれた放電空間Sを確保することができる。   Further, since the inner diameter of at least one of the plurality of annular thin plate members 4a, 4b is different from the other thin plate members 4a, 4b, the step portion D is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the interval adjusting member 4. Since the thin plate members 4a and 4b are in an annular shape in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube 2, positioning can be performed, and a discharge space S surrounded by a step D is secured inside the gap adjusting member 4. can do.

また、薄板部材4a,4bの枚数で一対の封止電極3間のギャップを容易に調整することができ、作製が容易で低コストであると共に、アレスタ型の対向電極を採用していることで、小型でありながら高耐量・高信頼性を得ることができる。
特に、絶縁性管2が、ガラス管であることで、アルミナ等のセラミックスに比べて安価に作製できると共に、高いガス封止性及び水分等の遮断性により優れた信頼性が得られる。
In addition, the gap between the pair of sealing electrodes 3 can be easily adjusted by the number of the thin plate members 4a and 4b, so that the manufacturing is easy and the cost is low, and the arrester-type counter electrode is adopted. In addition, high durability and high reliability can be obtained while being small.
In particular, since the insulating tube 2 is a glass tube, it can be manufactured at a lower cost than ceramics such as alumina, and high reliability can be obtained due to a high gas sealing property and a barrier property against moisture and the like.

次に、本発明に係るサージ防護素子の第2〜第4実施形態について、図3〜図6を参照して以下に説明する。なお、以下の各実施形態の説明において、上記実施形態において説明した同一の構成要素には同一の符号を付し、その説明は省略する。   Next, second to fourth embodiments of the surge protection element according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. In the following description of each embodiment, the same components described in the above embodiment will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

第2実施形態と第1実施形態との異なる点は、第1実施形態では、円環状の複数の薄板部材4a,4bを重ねて間隔調整部材4を構成しているのに対し、第2実施形態のサージ防護素子21は、図3及び図4に示すように、円板状の複数の薄板部材24a,24bを重ねて間隔調整部材24を構成している点である。
すなわち、第2実施形態では、間隔調整部材34が、封止電極3の対向面の中央部分に配され、複数の薄板部材24a,24bが、互いに軸線が共通した円板状に形成されている。
The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, in the first embodiment, the interval adjusting member 4 is configured by stacking a plurality of annular thin plate members 4a and 4b. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the surge protection element 21 according to the embodiment is configured such that a plurality of disc-shaped thin plate members 24 a and 24 b are overlapped to form the interval adjustment member 24.
That is, in the second embodiment, the interval adjusting member 34 is disposed at the center of the opposing surface of the sealing electrode 3, and the plurality of thin plate members 24a and 24b are formed in a disk shape having a common axis. .

上記複数の薄板部材24a,24bのうち少なくとも1つの外径は、他の薄板部材24a,24bと異なり、間隔調整部材24の外周面に、段差部Dが形成されている。
第2実施形態では、間隔調整部材24が、外径の小さな薄板部材24aと、薄板部材24aよりも外径の大きな薄板部材24bとを交互に軸線方向に重ねられた4枚の薄板部材24a,24bで構成されている。
このように外径の異なる円板状の薄板部材24a,24bが交互に重ねられていることで、外径の小さな薄板部材24aに対して外方に外径の大きな薄板部材24bの外周縁部が外方に突出した状態となり、複数の段差部Dが間隔調整部材24の外周面に形成される。また、間隔調整部材24の外側に、略円環状の放電空間Sが形成される。
The outer diameter of at least one of the plurality of thin plate members 24a, 24b is different from the other thin plate members 24a, 24b, and a step portion D is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the interval adjusting member 24.
In the second embodiment, the interval adjusting member 24 is composed of four thin plate members 24a, in which thin plate members 24a having a small outer diameter and thin plate members 24b having a larger outer diameter than the thin plate member 24a are alternately stacked in the axial direction. 24b.
Since the disk-shaped thin plate members 24a and 24b having different outer diameters are alternately stacked in this way, the outer peripheral edge of the thin plate member 24b having a larger outer diameter is arranged outward with respect to the thin plate member 24a having a smaller outer diameter. Are projected outward, and a plurality of steps D are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member 24. A substantially annular discharge space S is formed outside the gap adjusting member 24.

このように第2実施形態のサージ防護素子21では、封止電極3の対向面中央部分の複数の薄板部材24a,24bが、互いに軸線が共通した円板状に形成され、複数の薄板部材24a,24bのうち少なくとも1つの外径が、他の薄板部材24a,24bと異なり、間隔調整部材24の外周面に、段差部Dが形成されているので、間隔調整部材24の段差部Dの周囲に放電空間Sを確保することができる。また、対向面中央部分に配された間隔調整部材24が障壁となり、アーク放電で生じた金属成分が絶縁性管2の半径方向反対側の放電空間Sにまで飛散することを抑制可能である。   As described above, in the surge protection element 21 according to the second embodiment, the plurality of thin plate members 24a and 24b at the central portion of the facing surface of the sealing electrode 3 are formed in a disk shape having a common axis, and the plurality of thin plate members 24a are formed. , 24b is different from the other thin plate members 24a, 24b in that the step D is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member 24. , A discharge space S can be secured. In addition, the gap adjusting member 24 disposed in the central portion of the facing surface serves as a barrier, so that it is possible to suppress the metal component generated by the arc discharge from scattering to the discharge space S on the opposite side in the radial direction of the insulating tube 2.

次に、第3実施形態と第1実施形態との異なる点は、第1実施形態では、薄板部材4a,4bが全て絶縁性材料で形成されているのに対し、第3実施形態のサージ防護素子31では、図5に示すように、間隔調整部材34が、絶縁性材料で形成された薄板部材である絶縁性薄板34a,34bと、金属で形成された薄板部材である機能性薄板34cとを備えている点である。   Next, the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that in the first embodiment, the thin plate members 4a and 4b are all formed of an insulating material, whereas the surge protection of the third embodiment is different. In the element 31, as shown in FIG. 5, the interval adjusting member 34 includes insulating thin plates 34a and 34b, which are thin members formed of an insulating material, and functional thin plates 34c, which are thin members formed of metal. This is the point that has.

特に、第3実施形態では、機能性薄板34cが、金属で形成されている。
この機能性薄板34cは、例えば封止電極3と同じ42アロイやCu等で金属で形成されている。
上記機能性薄板34cは、内方に突出するように設定することが好ましく、内径が上下の絶縁性薄板34bよりも小さく設定されている。
In particular, in the third embodiment, the functional thin plate 34c is formed of metal.
The functional thin plate 34c is made of, for example, the same 42 alloy or Cu as the sealing electrode 3 and made of metal.
The functional thin plate 34c is preferably set to protrude inward, and has an inner diameter smaller than that of the upper and lower insulating thin plates 34b.

このように第3実施形態のサージ防護素子31では、間隔調整部材34が、絶縁性材料で形成された薄板部材である絶縁性薄板34a,34bと、導電性材料で形成された薄板部材である機能性薄板34cとを備えているので、絶縁性薄板34a,34bによって封止電極3間の絶縁性を確保すると共に、導電性を有する機能性薄板34cによって放電特性を調整することが可能になる。
特に、第3実施形態では、機能性薄板34cが、金属で形成されているので、飛散した金属成分が金属の機能性薄板34cに付着し易くなり、絶縁性薄板34a,34bに付着することを抑制可能である。
As described above, in the surge protection element 31 of the third embodiment, the gap adjusting members 34 are the insulating thin plates 34a and 34b, which are the thin plate members formed of the insulating material, and the thin plate members formed of the conductive material. Since the functional thin plate 34c is provided, insulation between the sealing electrodes 3 can be ensured by the insulating thin plates 34a and 34b, and the discharge characteristics can be adjusted by the conductive functional thin plate 34c. .
In particular, in the third embodiment, since the functional thin plate 34c is formed of metal, the scattered metal component is more likely to adhere to the metallic functional thin plate 34c and to adhere to the insulating thin plates 34a and 34b. It can be suppressed.

次に、第4実施形態と第3実施形態との異なる点は、第3実施形態では、金属の機能性薄板34cを採用しているのに対し、第4実施形態のサージ防護素子41では、図6に示すように、間隙調整部材44の機能性薄板44cが、イオン源材料で形成されている点である。
すなわち、第4実施形態の機能性薄板44cは、例えば、イオン源材料であって電子放出能が封止電極3よりも高い材料である炭素材で形成された円環板状の放電補助部である。
Next, the difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that, in the third embodiment, the metal functional thin plate 34c is employed, whereas in the surge protection element 41 of the fourth embodiment, As shown in FIG. 6, the functional thin plate 44c of the gap adjusting member 44 is formed of an ion source material.
That is, the functional thin plate 44c of the fourth embodiment is an annular plate-shaped discharge auxiliary portion made of, for example, a carbon material that is an ion source material and has a higher electron emission ability than the sealing electrode 3. is there.

このサージ防護素子41では、過電圧又は過電流が侵入すると、まず放電補助部となる機能性薄板44cと封止電極3との間で初期放電が行われ、この初期放電をきっかけに、さらに放電が進展すると、一方の封止電極3から他方の封止電極3へアーク放電が行われる。
このように第4実施形態のサージ防護素子41では、機能性薄板44cが、イオン源材料で形成されているので、アーク放電のトリガとしての放電補助機能を有した機能性薄板とすることができる。
In the surge protection element 41, when an overvoltage or an overcurrent enters, first, an initial discharge is performed between the functional thin plate 44c serving as a discharge auxiliary portion and the sealing electrode 3, and further discharge is triggered by the initial discharge. As it progresses, an arc discharge is performed from one sealing electrode 3 to the other sealing electrode 3.
Thus, in the surge protection element 41 of the fourth embodiment, since the functional thin plate 44c is formed of the ion source material, it can be a functional thin plate having a discharge auxiliary function as a trigger of arc discharge. .

なお、本発明の技術範囲は上記各実施形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更を加えることが可能である。   Note that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1,21,31,41…サージ防護素子、2…絶縁性管、3…封止電極、4,24,34,44…間隔調整部材、4a,4b…薄板部材、34a,34b…絶縁性薄板、34c,44c…機能性薄板、D…段差部、S…放電空間   1, 21, 31, 41: surge protection element, 2: insulating tube, 3: sealing electrode, 4, 24, 34, 44: gap adjusting member, 4a, 4b: thin plate member, 34a, 34b: insulating thin plate , 34c, 44c: functional thin plate, D: stepped portion, S: discharge space

Claims (7)

絶縁性管と、
前記絶縁性管の両端開口部を閉塞して内部に放電制御ガスを封止する一対の封止電極と、
一対の前記封止電極の間で一部を放電空間として空けた状態で一対の前記封止電極の対向面に挟まれて一対の前記封止電極の間隔を規定する間隔調整部材とを備え、
前記間隔調整部材が、前記絶縁性管の軸線方向に重ねられ少なくとも1つが絶縁性材料で形成された複数の薄板部材で構成され、
複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つにおいて、前記放電空間に接する周縁部が、重なる他の前記薄板部材と異なる形状とされ、
前記間隔調整部材の前記放電空間に接する周縁部に、段差部が形成されていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
An insulating tube;
A pair of sealing electrodes for closing the opening at both ends of the insulating tube and sealing the discharge control gas inside,
A gap adjusting member that is sandwiched between opposing surfaces of the pair of sealing electrodes in a state where a part thereof is left as a discharge space between the pair of sealing electrodes, and defines an interval between the pair of sealing electrodes,
The interval adjusting member is constituted by a plurality of thin plate members that are stacked in the axial direction of the insulating tube and at least one of which is formed of an insulating material,
In at least one of the plurality of thin plate members, a peripheral portion in contact with the discharge space has a shape different from that of the other thin plate members that overlap,
A surge protection element, wherein a step portion is formed on a peripheral edge portion of the gap adjusting member that contacts the discharge space.
請求項1に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記絶縁性管が、円筒状であり、
複数の前記薄板部材が、前記絶縁性管の内周面に外周縁が接触した円環状に形成され、
複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの内径が、他の前記薄板部材と異なり、
前記間隔調整部材の内周面に、前記段差部が形成されていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to claim 1,
The insulating tube is cylindrical,
A plurality of the thin plate members are formed in an annular shape in which an outer peripheral edge is in contact with an inner peripheral surface of the insulating tube,
At least one inner diameter of the plurality of thin plate members is different from other thin plate members,
The surge protection element, wherein the step portion is formed on an inner peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member.
請求項1に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記絶縁性管が、円筒状であり、
前記間隔調整部材が、前記対向面の中央部分に配され、
複数の前記薄板部材が、互いに軸線が共通した円板状に形成され、
複数の前記薄板部材のうち少なくとも1つの外径が、他の前記薄板部材と異なり、
前記間隔調整部材の外周面に、前記段差部が形成されていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to claim 1,
The insulating tube is cylindrical,
The interval adjusting member is disposed at a central portion of the facing surface,
A plurality of the thin plate members are formed in a disk shape having a common axis.
At least one outer diameter of the plurality of thin plate members is different from other thin plate members,
The surge protection element, wherein the step portion is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the gap adjusting member.
請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記間隔調整部材が、絶縁性の前記薄板部材である絶縁性薄板と、
導電性材料で形成された前記薄板部材である機能性薄板とを備えていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The gap adjusting member, an insulating thin plate that is the insulating thin plate member,
And a functional thin plate which is the thin plate member formed of a conductive material.
請求項4に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記機能性薄板が、金属で形成されていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to claim 4,
The said functional thin plate is formed of metal, The surge protective element characterized by the above-mentioned.
請求項4に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記機能性薄板が、イオン源材料で形成されていることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to claim 4,
The surge protective element, wherein the functional thin plate is formed of an ion source material.
請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載のサージ防護素子において、
前記絶縁性管が、ガラス管であることを特徴とするサージ防護素子。
The surge protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
2. The surge protection device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating tube is a glass tube.
JP2018121923A 2018-06-27 2018-06-27 Surge protection element Pending JP2020004577A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6472485A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-17 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Surge absorbing element
JP2017199490A (en) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surge protection element

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6472485A (en) * 1987-09-11 1989-03-17 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd Surge absorbing element
JP2017199490A (en) * 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 三菱マテリアル株式会社 Surge protection element

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