JP2019523970A - Microstructured light guide plate and apparatus including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

In this specification, the light-guide plate containing the glass substrate which has an edge surface and a light emission surface, and the polymer film containing the some microstructure arrange | positioned on the said light emission surface is disclosed. At least one light source may be coupled to the edge surface of the glass substrate. The light guides disclosed herein may exhibit reduced light attenuation and / or color shift. Furthermore, a display device and a lighting device including such a light guide plate are also disclosed.

Description

Cross-reference of related applications

  This application claims the benefit of priority over US Provisional Patent Application No. 62 / 348,395 filed on June 10, 2016 under Section 119 of the US Patent Act. Relies on the contents of the provisional application, as well as the entirety of the provisional application.

  The present disclosure relates generally to light guide plates and display or lighting devices including such light guide plates, and more particularly to glass light guide plates including microstructured polymer films.

  Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are commonly used in various electronics such as cell phones, laptops, electronic tablets, televisions, and computer monitors. However, LCDs can be limited in terms of brightness, contrast ratio, efficiency, and viewing angle compared to other display devices. For example, in order to compete with other display technologies, higher contrast ratios, color gamuts, and brightness are still sought in traditional LCDs while balancing output requirements with device size (eg, thickness). It has been.

  The LCD may include a backlight unit (BLU) for generating light, which may then be converted, filtered, and / or polarized to produce the desired image. The BLU can be, for example, an edge-lit including a light source coupled to the end of a light guide plate (LGP), or, for example, a two-dimensional array disposed behind an LCD panel It may be a back-lit including a light source. Direct-write BLUs can have the advantage of improved dynamic contrast when compared to edge-light BLUs. For example, a display having a direct light type BLU can optimize the dynamic range of brightness in an image by independently adjusting the brightness of each LED. This is commonly known as local dimming (local dimming). However, in a direct light BLU, to achieve the desired light uniformity and / or to avoid hot spots, the light source can be placed at a distance from the LGP, resulting in an overall display thickness of It becomes larger than the edge light type BLU. In conventional edge-lit BLUs, the light from each LED can spread over a large area of LGP, so switching off individual LEDs or groups of LEDs is minimal with respect to dynamic contrast ratio. Can only have an effect.

  The local dimming efficiency of LGP can be increased, for example, by providing one or more microstructures on the LGP surface. For example, plastic LGP, such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or methyl methacrylate styrene (MS) LGP, can be fabricated with a surface microstructure that can confine light from each LED within a narrow band. it can. In this way, it may be possible to adjust the brightness of the light source along the edge of the LGP in order to increase the dynamic contrast of the display. When the LEDs are mounted on two opposing surfaces in the LGP, adjusting the brightness of the paired LEDs can produce a brightness that slopes along the band of illumination, thereby further increasing the dynamic Contrast can be improved.

  Methods for providing a microstructure on a plastic material may include, for example, injection molding, extrusion, and / or embossing. While these techniques may be well suited to plastic LGP, they may be incompatible with glass LGP due to the higher glass transition temperature and / or higher viscosity of the glass. However, glass LGPs can provide various improvements over plastic LGPs, for example with respect to their low light attenuation, low coefficient of thermal expansion, and high mechanical strength. Thus, it may be desirable to use glass as an alternative material for the construction of LGP to overcome various drawbacks associated with plastics. For example, it may be difficult to make sufficiently large and thin plastic LGPs that meet current consumer demand due to their relatively weak mechanical strength and / or lower stiffness. Plastic LGP may also require a large gap between the light source and LGP due to the high coefficient of thermal expansion, which may reduce light coupling efficiency and / or require a large display bezel. Furthermore, plastic LGP may have a higher tendency to absorb moisture and expand than glass LGP.

  Accordingly, it would be advantageous to provide a glass LGP having improved local dimming efficiency, such as a glass LGP having a microstructure on at least one surface. It would also be advantageous to provide a backlight that provides the same local dimming capability as a backlight BLU, but also as thin as an edge light BLU.

  The present disclosure, in various embodiments, includes a light guide plate including a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface, and a polymer film having a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate; And a light guide assembly that optionally includes at least one light source that may be coupled to an edge surface of the glass substrate. Furthermore, the present specification also discloses a light guide plate including a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emission surface, and a polymer film having a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emission surface of the glass substrate. The combined light attenuation α 'in the light guide plate may be less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm. In a non-limiting example, the color shift Δy of the light guide plate can be less than about 0.015. Display devices, lighting devices, and electronic devices that include such light guides are also disclosed herein.

According to various embodiments, the glass substrate is 50 to 90 mol% of _SiO 2, 0 to 20 mol% of _Al 2 _O 3, 0 to 20 mol% of _B 2 _O 3, 0 to 25 _{mol% R} x O Where x is 1 or 2 and R is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof. In additional embodiments, the glass substrate can include less than about 1 ppm of each of Co, Ni, and Cr. The thickness of the glass substrate can range from about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm, while the thickness of the polymer film can range from about 10 μm to about 500 μm.

  In certain embodiments, the polymer film can include UV curable or thermosetting polymers, which can be molded onto the light emitting surface of the glass substrate. The polymer film may include a periodic or aperiodic microstructure array including, for example, prismatic, rounded prismatic, or lens-shaped lenses. The aspect ratio of the microstructure can be, for example, in the range of about 0.1 to about 3. According to a non-limiting embodiment, the major surface opposite the light emitting surface can be patterned with a plurality of light extraction features.

  Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows, and in part will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the description, or may be apparent from the following detailed description, the claims, and the accompanying drawings. Are recognized by practicing the method as described herein.

  Both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are intended to present various embodiments of the disclosure and to provide an overview or framework for understanding the nature and characteristics of the claims. That should be understood. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate various embodiments of the disclosure, and together with the description serve to explain the principles and operations of the disclosure.

The detailed description that follows may be further understood when read in conjunction with the following drawings.
2 illustrates an exemplary microstructure arrangement according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 2 illustrates an exemplary microstructure arrangement according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 2 illustrates an exemplary microstructure arrangement according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. 2 illustrates an exemplary microstructure arrangement according to various embodiments of the present disclosure. Fig. 3 illustrates a light guide assembly according to certain embodiments of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a graphical depiction of light confinement as a function of microstructure aspect ratio in a 1D local dimming configuration using a light guide plate having a microstructured surface containing an array of lens-shaped lenses. Graphic representation of the color shift Δy as a function of the ratio of the blue transmittance to the red transmittance in the light guide plate. Graphic depiction of transmittance curves for various light guide plates.

  In the present specification, a light guide plate including a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emission surface, and a polymer film including a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emission surface of the glass substrate, and the edge surface of the glass substrate And at least one light source optically coupled to the light guide assembly.

  Further, in the present specification, a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface, and a polymer film including a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate, the range of about 420 to 750 nm. Also disclosed is a light guide plate having a synthesized light attenuation α ′ of less than about 5 dB / m at a wavelength of.

  Various devices including such light guides, such as display devices, lighting devices, and electronic devices, such as televisions, computers, phones, tablets, and other display panels, lighting fixtures, solid state, to name a few Lighting, bulletin boards, and other architectural elements are also disclosed herein.

  In the following, various embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1-2, which illustrate exemplary embodiments of microstructure configurations and light guide plates. The following overview is intended to provide an overview of the claimed device, and various aspects are described in more detail throughout this disclosure with reference to non-limiting embodiments, and the implementation thereof. The forms are interchangeable with each other in the context of the present disclosure.

  1A-D illustrate various exemplary embodiments of a light guide plate (LGP) 100 that includes a glass substrate 110 and a polymer film 120 that includes a plurality of microstructures 130. 1A-1B, the microstructure 130 includes a prism 132 and a rounded prism 134, respectively. As shown in FIG. 1C, the microstructure 130 may also include a lenticular lens 136. It will be appreciated that the illustrated microstructure is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope of the appended claims. Other microstructured shapes are possible and are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure. 1A-1C show a regular (periodic) arrangement, it is also possible to use an irregular (or aperiodic) arrangement. For example, FIG. 1D is a SEM image of a microstructured surface that includes an aperiodic array of prisms.

  As used herein, the terms “microstructure”, “microstructured”, and various variations thereof include less than about 500 μm, for example about 400 μm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. At least one dimension (eg, height, width, length, etc.) less than, less than about 300 μm, less than about 200 μm, less than about 100 μm, less than about 50 μm, or less, such as in the range of about 10 μm to about 500 μm Is intended to mean a surface relief feature of a polymer film having The microstructure may have a regular or irregular shape in certain embodiments, which may be the same or different within a given array. 1A-1D generally show microstructures 130 of the same size and shape that are evenly spaced at substantially the same pitch, but all microstructures in a given array have the same size and / or It should be understood that it does not have to have a shape and / or spacing. Combinations of microstructure shapes and / or sizes may be used, and such combinations can be arranged periodically or aperiodically.

  Further, the size and / or shape of the microstructure 130 can vary depending on the desired light output and / or optical function of the LGP. For example, different microstructure shapes can result in different local dimming efficiencies, also called local dimming index (LDI). As a non-limiting example, a periodic array of prismatic microstructures can result in LDI values up to about 70%, while a periodic array of lens-shaped lenses Up to about 83% LDI can be produced. Of course, the size and / or shape and / or spacing of the microstructure can be varied to achieve different LDI values. Different microstructured shapes can also provide additional optical functions. For example, a prism array having a 90 ° prism angle may not only result in more efficient local dimming, but also aligns the light in a direction perpendicular to the ridges of the prism due to light recycling and redirection. be able to.

  Referring to FIG. 1A, the prismatic microstructure 132 includes about 60 ° to about 120 °, eg, about 70 ° to about 120 °, about 80 ° to about 100 °, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. Or a prism angle Θ in the range of about 90 °. Referring to FIG. 1C, the lenticular lens microstructure 136 can have any predetermined cross-sectional shape (illustrated by dotted lines) ranging from semi-circular to semi-elliptical, parabolic, or other similar rounded shapes. Can have).

  As shown in FIG. 2, at least one light source 140 can be optically coupled to the edge surface 150 of the glass substrate 110, for example, by positioning adjacent to the edge surface 150. As used herein, the term “optically coupled” is intended to indicate that the light source is positioned at the end of the LGP to introduce light into the LGP. The light source can be optically coupled to the LGP even if it is not in physical contact with the LGP. Additional light sources (not shown) may also be optically coupled to other edge surfaces of the LGP, such as adjacent edge surfaces or opposing edge surfaces.

  The general direction of light emission from the light source 140 is indicated in FIG. 2 by a solid arrow. Light injected into the LGP can propagate along the length L of the LGP by total internal reflection (TIR) until it strikes the interface at an angle of incidence less than the critical angle. Total internal reflection (TIR) is a second material in which light propagating in a first material (eg, glass, plastic, etc.) having a first refractive index has a second refractive index lower than the first refractive index (eg, It is a phenomenon that can be totally reflected at the interface with air. TIR describes Snell's law that explains the refraction of light at the interface of two materials with different refractive indices:

Can be used to explain. According to Snell's law, n ₁ is the refractive index of the first material, n ₂ is the refractive index of the second material, and θ _i is the angle of light incident on the interface relative to the normal to the interface (incident an angular), the theta _r, the refractive angle of the reflected light with respect to the vertical. When the refraction angle (θ _r ) is 90 °, for example, sin (θ ₂ ) = 1, Snell's law is

Can be expressed as The incident angle θ _i under such conditions can also be referred to as the critical angle θ _c . Light having an incident angle greater than the critical angle (θ _i > θ _c ) will be totally internally reflected in the first material, while the incident angle below the critical angle (θ _i ≦ θ _The light having _c ) will be transmitted by the first material.

For the exemplary interface between air (n ₁ = 1) and glass (n ₂ = 1.5), the critical angle (θ _c ) can be calculated as 41 °. Thus, if light propagating in the glass hits the air-glass interface with an incident angle greater than 41 °, all incident light will be reflected from the interface at an angle equal to the incident angle. When the reflected light hits a second interface having the same refractive index relationship as the first interface, the light incident on the second interface will be reflected again at a reflection angle equal to the incident angle.

  The polymer film 120 may be disposed on the major surface of the glass substrate 110, such as the light emitting surface 160. The array of microstructures 130, along with other optional components of LGP, may direct transmitted light in a forward direction (eg, in a direction facing the user) as indicated by the dotted arrows. In some embodiments, the light source 140 can be a Lambertian light source, such as a light emitting diode (LED). The light from the LEDs can spread rapidly within the LGP, in which case it can be difficult to achieve local dimming (eg, by turning off one or more LEDs). However, it is possible to limit the spread of light by providing one or more microstructures on the surface of the LGP that are elongated in the direction of light propagation (as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. 2). Thus, each LED light source can effectively irradiate only a narrow strip portion of LGP. The illuminated strip can extend, for example, from the original position of the LED to a similar end point at the opposite end. Thus, by using various microstructure configurations, it may be possible to achieve 1D local dimming of at least a portion of the LGP in a relatively efficient manner.

  In certain embodiments, the light guide assembly may be configured to be able to achieve 2D local dimming. For example, one or more additional light sources can be optically coupled to adjacent (eg, orthogonal) edge surfaces. The first polymer film may be disposed on a light emitting surface having a microstructure extending in the propagation direction, and the second polymer film may be disposed on an opposing major surface, in which case the film is propagated It has a microstructure extending in a direction perpendicular to the direction. Thus, 2D local dimming can be achieved by selectively blocking one or more light sources along each edge surface.

According to various embodiments, the second major surface 170 of the glass substrate 110 can be patterned with a plurality of light extraction features. As used herein, the term “patterned” means that a plurality of light extraction features are present on or in the surface of the substrate in any given pattern or design, for example, It is intended to indicate that it may be random or arranged, it may be repetitive or non-repetitive, uniform or non-uniform. In other embodiments, the light extraction features can be located in the matrix of the glass substrate adjacent to the surface, for example, below the surface. For example, the light extraction features can be distributed across the surface, for example, as texture features that form a roughened or raised surface, or, for example, as a laser damage feature, in or throughout a glass substrate or in its entirety. It can be distributed in part. Suitable methods for making such light extraction features include printing, eg, ink jet printing, screen printing, microprinting, texturing, mechanical roughening, etching, injection molding, coating, laser damage It may include laser damaging, or any combination thereof. Non-limiting examples of such methods, for example, acid etching of the surface, the laser damage LGP surface coating with TiO _2, and the focus of the laser due to be matched in a matrix of the surface or the substrate of the substrate Can be mentioned.

  In various embodiments, the light extraction features that may optionally be present on the first and second surfaces of the LGP may include light scattering sites. According to various embodiments, the extraction features can be patterned at a suitable density to produce a substantially uniform light output intensity across the light emitting surface of the glass substrate. In certain embodiments, the density of the light extraction features proximate to the light source can be a gradient from one end to the other, etc., as needed, to produce the desired light output distribution across the LGP. It may be less than the density of the light extraction features at locations far away from the light source, or vice versa.

The LGP may be any known method in the art, such as the methods disclosed in co-pending co-owned international patent applications PCT / US2013 / 063622 and PCT / US2014 / 070771. Can be processed to produce light extraction features, the international patent application being incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. For example, the surface of the LGP can be polished and / or polished to achieve a desired thickness and / or surface quality. The surface may then optionally be cleaned and / or the surface to be etched may be treated to remove contaminants, such as exposing the surface to ozone. In a non-limiting embodiment, the surface to be etched is an acid bath, for example a mixture of glacial acetic acid (GAA) and ammonium fluoride (NH ₄ F) in a ratio ranging from about 1: 1 to about 9: 1. And so on. The etching time can range, for example, from about 30 seconds to about 15 minutes, and the etching can be performed at room temperature or at an elevated temperature. Process parameters such as acid concentration / ratio, temperature, and / or time can affect the size, shape, and distribution of the resulting extraction features. It is within the abilities of those skilled in the art to vary these parameters to achieve the desired surface extraction features.

  The glass substrate 110 can have any desired size and / or shape as needed to generate the desired light distribution. The glass substrate 110 may have a second major surface 170 that faces the light emitting surface 160. In certain embodiments, the major surface can be planar or substantially planar, for example, can be substantially flat and / or flat. The first and second major surfaces may be parallel or substantially parallel in various embodiments. The glass substrate 110 may have four ends as shown in FIG. 2, or may have five or more ends, such as a multi-sided polygon. In other embodiments, the glass substrate 110 may have less than four ends, for example, may be triangular. As a non-limiting example, the light guide may include a rectangular, square, or rhombus sheet having four ends, including those having one or more curved portions or ends, Other shapes and configurations are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.

In certain embodiments, the glass substrate 110 is about 3 mm or less, for example, about 0.1 mm to about 2.5 mm, about 0.3 mm to about 2 mm, about 3 mm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. It may have a thickness d ₁ in the range of 0.5 mm to about 1.5 mm, or about 0.7 mm to about 1 mm. The glass substrate 110 can include any material known in the art for use in display devices. For example, the glass substrate may be aluminosilicate glass, alkali-aluminosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, alkali-borosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, alkali-aluminoborosilicate glass, soda lime glass, and other suitable glass. May be included. Non-limiting examples of commercially available glasses suitable for use as glass lightguides include, for example, Corning EAGLE XG®, Lotus®, Willow®, Iris® , And Gorilla®.

Some non-limiting glass compositions include between about 50 mole percent and about 90 mole percent SiO ₂ , between 0 mole percent and about 20 mole percent Al ₂ O ₃ , 0 mole percent to about 20 moles. % B ₂ O ₃ , and 0 mol% to about 25 mol% R _x O, where R is any one of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs And x is 2, or R is any one or more of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba, and x is 1. In some embodiments, R _x O—Al ₂ O ₃ >0; 0 <R _x O—Al ₂ O ₃ <15; x = 2, and R ₂ O—Al ₂ O ₃ <15; R ₂ O _{-Al 2 O 3 <2; x} = 2 and _{R 2 O-Al 2 O 3} -MgO>-15; 0 <(R x O-Al 2 O 3) <25, -11 <(R 2 O-Al ₂ O ₃ ) <11, and −15 <(R ₂ O—Al ₂ O ₃ —MgO) <11; and / or −1 <(R ₂ O—Al ₂ O ₃ ) <2 and −6 <(R ₂ O—Al ₂ O ₃ —MgO) <1. In some embodiments, the glass includes less than 1 ppm of each of Co, Ni, and Cr. In some embodiments, the concentration of Fe is <about 50 ppm, <about 20 ppm, or <about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 60 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 40 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 20 ppm, or Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, the glass comprises between about 60 mol% and about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , between about 0.1 mol% and about 15 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , 0 mol% to about 12 mol%. wherein _R 2 O between _B 2 _{O 3} between mol%, and from about 0.1 mole% to about 15 mole%, and the RO, between about 0.1 mole% to about 15 mol%, the And R is any one or more of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and x is 2, or R is Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba. Any one or more of them, and x is 1.

In other embodiments, the glass composition comprises between about 65.79 mol% and about 78.17 mol% SiO ₂ , between about 2.94 mol% and about 12.12 mol% Al ₂ O. ₃ , between about 0 mol% and about 11.16 mol% B ₂ O ₃ , between about 0 mol% and about 2.06 mol% Li ₂ O, from about 3.52 mol% to about 13.25 Na ₂ O between mol%, about 0 mol% to about 4.83 mol% K ₂ O, about 0 mol% to about 3.01 mol% ZnO, about 0 mol% to about 8 mol%. .72 mol% MgO, about 0 mol% to about 4.24 mol% CaO, about 0 mol% to about 6.17 mol% SrO, about 0 mol% to about 4.3 Mole% BaO and between about 0.07 mol% and about 0.11 mol% SnO ₂ may be included.

In additional embodiments, the glass substrate 110 may have an R _x O / Al ₂ O ₃ ratio between 0.95 and 3.23, where R is Li, Na, K, Rb, Any one or more of Cs and x is 2. In a further embodiment, the glass substrate can have an R _x O / Al ₂ O ₃ ratio between 1.18 and 5.68, where R is Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs. Any one or more of them and x is 2, or R is any one or more of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba, and x is 1 It is. The glass substrate is in a further embodiment may include a _{R x O-Al 2 O 3} -MgO between 4.0 and -4.25, where, R represents, Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs Any one or more of them, and x is 2. In further embodiments, the glass substrate comprises between about 66 mol% and about 78 mol% SiO ₂ , between about 4 mol% and about 11 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , between about 4 mol% and about 11 mol%. % B ₂ O ₃ , about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% Li ₂ O, about 4 mol% to about 12 mol% Na ₂ O, about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% _K 2 O between, ZnO between about 0 mole% to about 2 mol%, MgO between about 0 mole percent to about 5 mole%, CaO between about 0 mole% to about 2 mole%, about It can comprise between 0 mol% and about 5 mol% SrO, between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% BaO, and between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% SnO ₂ .

In additional embodiments, the glass substrate 110 comprises between about 72 mol% and about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , between about 3 mol% and about 7 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , between about 0 mol% and about 0 mol%. Between 2 mol% B ₂ O ₃ , between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% Li ₂ O, between about 6 mol% and about 15 mol% Na ₂ O, between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% Between about 2 mol% K ₂ O, between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% ZnO, between about 2 mol% and about 10 mol% MgO, between about 0 mol% and about 2 mol% CaO About 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SrO, about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% BaO, and about 0 mol% to about 2 mol% SnO ₂ . In certain embodiments, the glass substrate comprises between about 60 mol% and about 80 mol% SiO ₂ , between about 0 mol% and about 15 mol% Al ₂ O ₃ , between about 0 mol% and about 0 mol%. Between 15 mol% B ₂ O ₃ and between about 2 mol% and about 50 mol% R _x O, where R is any of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs And x is 2, or R is any one or more of Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, or Ba, and x is 1. Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 60 ppm.

In some embodiments, the glass substrate 110 is less than 0.015, such as in the range of about 0.005 to about 0.015 (eg, about 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008). , 0.009, 0.010, 0.011, 0.012, 0.013, 0.014, or 0.015). In other embodiments, the glass substrate can have a color shift of less than 0.008. According to certain embodiments, the glass substrate is less than about 4 dB / m, such as less than about 3 dB / m, less than about 2 dB / m, less than about 1 dB / m, for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm, Light attenuation α ₁ (eg, absorption and / or scattering loss) of less than about 0.5 dB / m, less than about 0.2 dB / m, and even less, for example, in the range of about 0.2 dB / m to about 4 dB / m. Can have).

  In some embodiments, the glass substrate 110 can be chemically strengthened, such as by ion exchange. During the ion exchange process, ions in or near the glass plate can be exchanged with larger metal ions, for example from a salt bath. Incorporation of larger ions into the glass can strengthen the sheet by creating a compressive stress in the area near the surface. In order to balance the compressive stress, a corresponding tensile stress can be induced in the central region of the glass.

The ion exchange can be performed, for example, by immersing the glass in a molten salt bath at a predetermined time. Exemplary salt baths include, but are not limited to, KNO ₃ , LiNO ₃ , NaNO ₃ , R _b NO ₃ , and combinations thereof. The temperature and processing time of the molten salt bath can be varied. It is within the ability of one skilled in the art to determine the time and temperature according to the desired application. As a non-limiting example, the temperature of the molten salt bath can range from about 400 ° C. to about 800 ° C., such as from about 400 ° C. to about 500 ° C., and the predetermined treatment time can be from about 4 hours to about Other temperature and time combinations are envisioned, although ranging from 24 hours, for example, from about 4 hours to about 10 hours. As a non-limiting example, the glass can be immersed in a KNO ₃ bath at, for example, about 450 ° C. for about 6 hours to obtain a K-rich layer that imparts compressive stress to the surface.

  The polymer film 120 can comprise any polymeric material that can be cured by UV or heat. Further, the polymeric material can be selected from a composition having a low color shift and / or low absorption of blue light wavelengths (eg, about 450-500 nm), as described in more detail below. In certain embodiments, the polymer film 120 can be thinly deposited on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate. The polymer film 120 may be continuous or discontinuous.

1A-1C, the polymer film 120 may have an overall thickness d ₂ and a “land” thickness t. In certain embodiments, the microstructure 130 may have a top p and a valley v, the overall thickness corresponds to the height of the top p, and the land thickness is the valley v Can correspond to the height of. According to various embodiments, it may be advantageous to deposit the polymer film 120 such that the land thickness t is zero or as close to zero as possible. If t is zero, the polymer film 120 may be discontinuous. For example, the thickness t of the land portion is in the range of 0 μm to about 250 μm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, about 10 μm to about 200 μm, about 20 μm to about 150 μm, or about 50 μm to about 100 μm. Range. In a further embodiment, the total thickness _{d 2,} including all ranges and subranges therebetween, the range of about 10μm to about 500 [mu] m, e.g., from about 20μm to about 400 [mu] m, from about 30μm to about 300 [mu] m, from about 40μm It can be about 200 μm, or in the range of about 50 μm to about 100 μm.

With continuous reference to FIGS. 1A-1C, the microstructure 130 may also have a width w, which can be varied to achieve the desired light output, if desired. For example, FIG. 3 shows the effect of aspect ratio (w / [d ₂ -t]) on optical confinement in a 1D dimming configuration. The normalized output is plotted to represent the ability to efficiently confine light in a given width zone. For the configuration shown in the figure (LGP thickness = 2.5 mm; fine structure = elliptical lens-shaped lens), the aspect ratio corresponding to the maximum dimming efficiency in a 200 mm wide zone (circular data plot) is: It is approximately 2.5. Similarly, the aspect ratio for achieving maximum dimming in a 100 mm wide zone is approximately 2.3.

  Thus, in some embodiments, the width w and / or the overall thickness d can be varied to obtain a desired aspect ratio. Changes in land thickness t can also be used to change the light output. In a non-limiting embodiment, the aspect ratio of the microstructure 130 ranges from about 0.1 to about 3, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, about 0.5 to about 2.5, It can range from about 1 to about 2.2, or from about 1.5 to about 2. According to some embodiments, the aspect ratio ranges from about 2 to about 3, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, eg, about 2, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2 .4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, or 3. The width w of the microstructure is also in the range of, for example, about 1 μm to about 250 μm, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, about 10 μm to about 200 μm, about 20 μm to about 150 μm, or about 50 μm to about 100 μm. Or the like. The microstructure 130 may have a length (not labeled) that extends in the direction of light propagation (see solid arrows in FIG. 2), which may be, for example, the glass as desired. It should also be noted that the length can be changed according to the length L of the substrate.

  The polymer film 120 may include a material that does not exhibit a significant color shift in certain embodiments. Some plastics and resins may have a tendency to produce a yellowish color over time due to the absorption of light at blue wavelengths (eg, about 450-500 nm). This discoloration can be exacerbated at high temperatures, for example, within standard BLU operating temperatures. Moreover, BLUs incorporating LED light sources can exacerbate the color shift due to significant emission of blue wavelengths. In particular, LEDs are coated on a blue light emitting LED with a color conversion material (eg, a phosphor) that converts a portion of the blue light into red and green wavelengths, resulting in an overall perception of white light. Can be used to deliver white light. However, despite this color conversion, the LED emission spectrum can still have a strong emission peak in the blue region. If the polymer film absorbs the blue light, it can be converted to heat, resulting in further acceleration of polymer degradation and further increasing blue light absorption over time.

  If light propagates perpendicular to the polymer film (edge light LGP), the absorption of blue light by the film can be neglected, but if the light propagates along the length of the film, a longer propagation length Thus, the absorption can be more important. Blue light absorption along the length of the LGP can result in a significant loss of blue light intensity and can result in a significant change in color along the propagation direction (eg, yellow shift, etc.). Thus, a color shift from one end of the display to the other can be perceived by the human eye. Thus, it may be advantageous to select a polymer film material that has absorption values comparable to various wavelengths in the visible region (eg, about 420-750 nm). For example, the absorption at the blue wavelength may be substantially the same as the absorption at the red wavelength.

  FIG. 4 demonstrates the effect of the blue / red transmittance ratio on color shift in LGP. As demonstrated by the plot, the color shift Δy increases approximately linearly as the blue (450 nm) transmission decreases with respect to the red (630 nm) transmission. When the blue transmittance approaches the same value as the red transmittance (for example, when the ratio approaches 1), the color shift Δy similarly approaches 0. FIG. 5 shows the transmission spectrum used to generate the correlation shown in FIG. Table I provides relevant details for transmission curves AJ.

  Since the polymer film can occupy only a small portion of the entire LGP thickness, the blue / red transmission ratio does not dramatically affect the color shift performance of the entire LGP (relative to the film). It may be somewhat lower than shown in FIG. However, it may still be desirable to reduce the absorption of blue light and / or provide a more uniform absorption profile across the visible wavelength spectrum. For example, the polymer film can be selected to avoid chromophores that absorb wavelengths> 450 nm. In certain embodiments, the polymer film has a concentration of chromophore that absorbs blue light, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, such as less than about 5 ppm, such as less than about 1 ppm, less than about 0.5 ppm. Or less than 0.1 ppm. Or, for example, incorporating one or more dyes, pigments, and / or fluorescent brighteners that absorb yellow wavelengths (eg, about 570-590 nm) to neutralize any potential color shifts. The polymer film may be modified to offset blue light absorption. However, if the polymer film is designed to absorb both blue and yellow wavelengths, the overall transmission of the film can be reduced, and as a result, the overall transmission of LGP can be reduced. Thus, in certain embodiments, it may instead be advantageous to select and / or modify the polymeric material to reduce blue light absorption and thereby increase the overall transmission of the film. .

  According to various embodiments, the polymer film 120 has a refractive index dispersion that balances interface Fresnel reflections in the blue and red spectral regions to minimize color shifts along the length of the LGP. You can also choose. For example, the difference in Fresnel reflection at the substrate-polymer film interface at 45 ° for wavelengths between about 450-630 nm is less than 0.015%, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, It may be less than 0.005%, or less than 0.001%. Other relevant dispersion characteristics are described in co-pending US Provisional Application No. 62/348465, filed on June 10, 2016 in the name of “Glass Articles Comprising Light Extraction Features” The provisional application is incorporated herein in its entirety by reference.

  Referring again to FIG. 2, in various embodiments, the polymer film 120 can be formed on the light emitting surface 160 of the glass substrate 110. For example, during and / or after coating the glass substrate with the polymeric material, the polymeric material can be imprinted or embossed with a desired surface pattern. This process can also be referred to as “micro-replication”, where a desired pattern is first produced as a mold, and then it is pressed against a polymer material to obtain a negative replica of the shape of the mold . The polymeric material can be UV cured or heat cured during or after imprinting, which can be referred to as “UV embossing” and “thermal embossing”, respectively. Alternatively, the polymeric material may be applied using hot embossing techniques, in which case the polymeric material is first heated to a temperature above its glass transition point and subsequently imprinted, To be cooled. Other methods include printing (eg, screen printing, inkjet printing, microprinting, etc.) or extruding a layer of polymer material onto a glass substrate, followed by shaping of the layer into the desired shape (eg, molding) Embossing, imprinting, etc.).

According to various embodiments, the glass substrate can include a composition having a first glass transition temperature _Tg1 that is higher than a second glass transition temperature _Tg2 of the polymer film. For example, the difference between the glass transition temperatures (T _g1 -T _g2 ) is at least about 100 ° C., for example about 100 ° C. to about 800 ° C., about 200 ° C. to about 200 ° C. including all ranges and subranges therebetween. It can be in the range of 700 ° C, about 300 ° C to about 600 ° C, or about 400 ° C to about 500 ° C. This temperature difference may allow the polymeric material to be formed into a glass substrate without melting or adversely affecting the glass substrate during the forming process. In other embodiments, the glass substrate has a first melting temperature T _m1 higher than the second melting temperature T _m2 of the polymer film and / or a second viscosity v ₂ higher than the second viscosity v ₂ of the polymer film at a predetermined processing temperature. It may have one viscosity _{v 1.}

  The glass substrate, polymer film, and / or LGP may be transparent or substantially transparent in certain embodiments. As used herein, the term “transparent” indicates that the substrate, film, or LGP has a light transmission of greater than about 80% in the visible spectrum (about 420-750 nm). Intended. For example, exemplary transparent materials have greater than about 85% transmission in the visible light range, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, greater than about 90%, greater than about 95%, or about 99%. % Transmittance, etc. In certain embodiments, the exemplary transparent material has a light transmission greater than about 50% in the ultraviolet (UV) region (about 100-400 nm), including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, about > 55%,> 60%,> 65%,> 70%,> 75%,> 80%,> 85%,> 90%,> 95% Or greater than about 99%.

  In some embodiments, exemplary transparent glass or polymer materials can include less than 1 ppm of each of Co, Ni, and Cr. In some embodiments, the concentration of Fe is <about 50 ppm, <about 20 ppm, or <about 10 ppm. In other embodiments, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 60 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 40 ppm, Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 20 ppm, or Fe + 30Cr + 35Ni <about 10 ppm. According to additional embodiments, exemplary transparent glass or polymer materials may have a color shift of <0.015, or in some embodiments, a color shift of <0.008.

Color shift can be characterized by measuring variations in x and y chromaticity coordinates along the length L using the CIE 1931 standard for color measurement. In the case of a glass light guide plate, the color shift Δy can be reported as Δy = y (L ₂ ) −y (L ₁ ), where L ₂ and L ₁ are along the panel or substrate direction from the light source. Z position, L ₂ −L ₁ = 0.5 meter. Exemplary light guide plates have Δy <0.01, Δy <0.005, Δy <0.003, or Δy <0.001.

  The optical light scattering properties of the LGP can also be affected by the refractive index of the glass or polymer material. According to various embodiments, the glass includes about 1.3 to about 1.8, for example about 1.35 to about 1.7, about 1.4 to about 1.4, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. It may have a refractive index in the range of 1.65, about 1.45 to about 1.6, or about 1.5 to about 1.55. In some embodiments, the polymeric material can have substantially the same refractive index as the glass substrate. As used herein, the term “substantially the same” means that two values are approximately equal, eg, within about 10% of each other, for example, within about 5% of each other, or about each other. It is intended to indicate that it is within 2%. For example, for a refractive index of 1.5, substantially the same refractive index can range from about 1.35 to about 1.65.

According to various non-limiting embodiments, the LGP (glass + polymer) can have a relatively low level of light attenuation (eg, due to absorption and / or scattering). For example, the combined attenuation for LGP can be expressed as α ′ = (d ₁ / D) * α ₁ + (d ₂ / D) * α ₂ , where d ₁ is the transparent represents the entire thickness of the substrate, _{d 2} represents the entire thickness of the polymer film, D is, represents the entire thickness of the _{LGP (D = d 1 + d} 2), α 1 is the attenuation value of the transparent substrate Α ₂ represents the attenuation value of the polymer film. In certain embodiments, α ′ can be less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm. For example, α ′ is less than about 4 dB / m, less than about 3 dB / m, less than about 2 dB / m, less than about 1 dB / m, less than about 0.5 dB / m, including all ranges and subranges therebetween. It can be less than about 0.2 dB / m, or less, for example from about 0.2 dB / m to about 5 dB / m. The synthesized attenuation in LGP can vary depending on, for example, the thickness of the polymer film and / or the ratio of the total thickness of the polymer film to the total thickness of the LGP (d ₂ / D). Thus, the thickness of the polymeric material and / or glass substrate can be varied to achieve a desired attenuation value. For example, (d ₂ / D) is about 1/2 to about 1/50, including all ranges and subranges therebetween, for example, about 1/3 to about 1/40, about 1/5 to about It may be in the range of 1/30, or about 1/10 to about 1/20.

  The LGP disclosed herein can be used in various display devices such as, but not limited to, LCDs. In accordance with various aspects of the present disclosure, the display device includes at least one of the disclosed LGPs coupled to at least one light source capable of emitting blue light, UV light, or near UV light (eg, approximately 100-500 nm). Can be included. In some embodiments, the light source can be a light emitting diode (LED). The optical elements of an exemplary LCD further include reflectors, diffusers, one or more prism films, one or more linear or reflective polarizers, thin film transistor (TFT) arrays, liquid crystal layers, to name a few. As well as one or more color filters and the like. The LGP disclosed herein may also be used in various lighting devices, such as lighting fixtures or solid state lighting devices.

  It will be understood that various disclosed embodiments may be accompanied by particular features, elements, or steps described with respect to that particular embodiment. Although specific features, elements, or steps are described in connection with a particular embodiment, it is also understood that alternative embodiments may be interchanged or combined in various unillustrated combinations or orders. Will.

  As used herein, “the”, “a”, or “an” means “at least one” and may not be limited to “only one” unless explicitly stated otherwise. Should be understood. Thus, for example, reference to “a light source” includes examples having one or more such light sources, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Similarly, “plurality” or “multiple” is intended to mean “two or more”. As such, a “plurality of light scattering features” includes two or more such features, such as three or more such features, and a “multiple microstructure” is 2 It includes more than one such microstructure, such as more than two such microstructures.

  Ranges can be expressed herein as “about” one particular value and / or “about” another particular value. When expressing such a range, some examples include from one particular value and / or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another aspect. Furthermore, it will be further understood that the end point of each range is important both in relation to the other end point and independent of the other end point.

  The terms “substantially”, “substantially”, and variations thereof, when used herein, may state that a feature being described is equal to or approximately equal to a value or description. Intended. For example, a “substantially planar” surface is intended to mean a surface that is planar or approximately planar. Moreover, as defined above, “substantially the same” is intended to indicate that two values are equal or nearly equal. In some embodiments, “substantially the same” may indicate a value within about 10% of each other, eg, within about 5% of each other, within about 2% of each other, and the like.

  Unless otherwise stated, any method described herein is not intended to be construed as requiring that the steps be performed in any particular order. Thus, if a method claim does not actually enumerate the order in which the steps are to follow, or unless specifically stated in a claim or description that the steps are to be limited to a particular order, It is not intended that any particular order be inferred.

  Where the various features, elements or steps of a particular embodiment can be disclosed using the transitional phrase “comprising”, at the same time, the transitional phrase “consisting” or “substantially from It is to be understood that alternative embodiments are included, including those that may be described using “consisting essentially of”. Thus, for example, alternative alternative embodiments for devices comprising A + B + C include embodiments in which the device consists of A + B + C and embodiments in which the device consists essentially of A + B + C.

  It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure. Since changes, combinations, subcombinations and variations of the disclosed embodiments incorporating the spirit and essence of the present disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, the present disclosure is intended to be within the scope of the appended claims. It should be construed to include all and equivalents.

  Hereinafter, preferable embodiments of the present invention will be described in terms of items.

Embodiment 1
(A) a light guide plate,
(I) a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emission surface; and (ii) a polymer film including a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emission surface of the glass substrate;
Including a light guide plate,
(B) a light guide assembly including at least one light source optically coupled to the edge surface of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 2
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the light guide plate comprises a synthetic light attenuation α ′ of less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm.

Embodiment 3
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the light guide plate comprises a color shift Δy of less than about 0.015.

Embodiment 4
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the glass substrate has a first glass transition temperature _Tg1 that is higher than a second glass transition temperature _Tg2 of the polymer film.

Embodiment 5
The glass substrate, the oxide-based mole%, 50 to 90 mol% of _SiO 2, 0 to 20 mol% of _Al 2 _O 3, 0 to 20 mole% _B 2 _{O 3,} and 0 to 25 mol% R _x O, where x is 2 and R is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof, or x is 1 and R is Embodiment 4. The assembly of embodiment 1, selected from Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof.

Embodiment 6
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the glass substrate comprises less than about 1 ppm of each of Co, Ni, and Cr.

Embodiment 7
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the thickness d _{1 of the} glass substrate ranges from about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm.

Embodiment 8
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the thickness d _{2 of the} polymer film ranges from about 10 μm to about 500 μm.

Embodiment 9
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the polymer film comprises a UV curable polymer or a thermosetting polymer.

Embodiment 10
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the polymer film is molded onto the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 11
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the plurality of microstructures comprises a periodic or aperiodic arrangement of prismatic, rounded prismatic, or lens-shaped lenses.

Embodiment 12
The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein at least one microstructure in the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in the range of about 0.1 to about 3.

Embodiment 13
2. The assembly of embodiment 1, wherein the glass substrate further includes a plurality of light extraction features patterned on a major surface opposite the light emitting surface.

Embodiment 14
And a second light source optically coupled to the second edge surface of the glass substrate, and optionally a plurality of microstructures disposed on a major surface opposite the light emitting surface. 2. The assembly of embodiment 1, comprising a bipolymer film.

Embodiment 15
A display device, a lighting device, or an electronic device including the assembly of Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 16
(A) a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface;
(B) a polymer film including a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emission surface of the glass substrate;
(C) a light guide plate comprising less than about 5 dB / m of synthesized light attenuation α ′ for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm.

Embodiment 17
Embodiment 17 is a light guide plate comprising a color shift Δy of less than about 0.015.

Embodiment 18
The glass substrate, the second having a glass transition temperature T higher than _g2 first glass transition temperature T _g1, embodiment 16 light guide plate according to the polymer film.

Embodiment 19
The glass substrate, the oxide-based mole%, 50 to 90 mol% of _SiO 2, 0 to 20 mol% of _Al 2 _O 3, 0 to 20 mole% _B 2 _{O 3,} and 0 to 25 mol% R _x O, where x is 2 and R is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof, or x is 1 and R is Embodiment 17, The light guide plate of Embodiment 16 selected from Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof.

Embodiment 20.
Embodiment 17 The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein the glass substrate comprises less than about 1 ppm of Co, Ni, and Cr.

Embodiment 21.
Embodiment 17. The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein d ₁ is in the range of about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm and d ₂ is in the range of about 10 μm to about 500 μm.

Embodiment 22
The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein the polymer film comprises a UV curable polymer or a thermosetting polymer.

Embodiment 23
The light guide plate according to embodiment 16, wherein the polymer film is formed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate.

Embodiment 24.
17. The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein the plurality of microstructures comprise a periodic or aperiodic arrangement of prismatic, rounded prismatic, or lens-shaped lenses.

Embodiment 25
Embodiment 17 The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein at least one microstructure in the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in the range of about 0.1 to about 3.

Embodiment 26.
17. The light guide plate of embodiment 16, wherein the glass substrate further includes a plurality of light extraction features patterned on a major surface opposite the light emitting surface.

Embodiment 27.
17. A light guide assembly comprising the light guide plate of embodiment 16 optically coupled to at least one light source.

Embodiment 28.
28. A display device, lighting device, or electronic device comprising the light guide plate according to embodiment 16 or the light guide assembly according to embodiment 27.

100 Light Guide Plate 110 Glass Substrate 120 Polymer Film 130 Microstructure 132 Prism 134 Rounded Prism 136 Lens Lens 140 Light Source 150 Edge Surface 160 Light Emission Surface 170 Second Main Surface

Claims (14)

(A) a light guide plate,
(I) a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emission surface; and (ii) a polymer film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emission surface of the glass substrate;
Including a light guide plate,
(B) a light guide assembly including at least one light source optically coupled to the edge surface of the glass substrate.   The assembly of claim 1, wherein the light guide plate comprises a synthesized light attenuation α ′ of less than about 5 dB / m for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm.   The assembly of any of claims 1-2, wherein the light guide plate comprises a color shift Δy of less than about 0.015. Said glass substrate has a first glass transition temperature T _g1 is higher than the second glass transition temperature T _g2 of the polymer film, the assembly of any one of claims 1 to 3. The glass substrate, the oxide-based mole%, 50 to 90 mol% of _SiO 2, 0 to 20 mol% of _Al 2 _O 3, 0 to 20 mole% _B 2 _{O 3,} and 0 to 25 mol% R _x O, where x is 2 and R is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof, or x is 1 and R is The assembly according to claim 1, selected from Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof. The thickness d _{1 of the} glass substrate is in the range of about 0.1 mm to about 3 mm, and the thickness d _{2 of the} polymer film is in the range of about 10 μm to about 500 μm. An assembly according to any one of the preceding claims.   The assembly according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one microstructure in the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in the range of about 0.1 to about 3. (A) a glass substrate having an edge surface and a light emitting surface;
(B) a polymer film comprising a plurality of microstructures disposed on the light emitting surface of the glass substrate;
(C) a light guide plate comprising less than about 5 dB / m of synthesized light attenuation α ′ for wavelengths in the range of about 420-750 nm.   The light guide plate of claim 8, comprising a color shift Δy of less than about 0.015. The glass substrate, the second having a glass transition temperature T higher than _g2 first glass transition temperature T _g1, a light guide plate of any one of claims 8-9 of the polymer film. The glass substrate, the oxide-based mole%, 50 to 90 mol% of _SiO 2, 0 to 20 mol% of _Al 2 _O 3, 0 to 20 mole% _B 2 _{O 3,} and 0 to 25 mol% R _x O, where x is 2 and R is selected from Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, and combinations thereof, or x is 1 and R is The light guide plate according to claim 8, selected from Zn, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and combinations thereof. d ₁ is in the range of about 0.1mm to about 3 mm, and _{d 2} ranges from about 10μm to about 500 [mu] m, the light guide plate of any one of claims 8-11.   The light guide plate according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein at least one microstructure in the plurality of microstructures has an aspect ratio in the range of about 0.1 to about 3.   A display device, a lighting device, or an electronic device, comprising the light guide plate according to any one of claims 8 to 13 or the light guide assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images