JP2019520423A - 細胞内カルシウムホメオスタシスを調節するためのトリアゾール - Google Patents
細胞内カルシウムホメオスタシスを調節するためのトリアゾール Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019520423A JP2019520423A JP2019514862A JP2019514862A JP2019520423A JP 2019520423 A JP2019520423 A JP 2019520423A JP 2019514862 A JP2019514862 A JP 2019514862A JP 2019514862 A JP2019514862 A JP 2019514862A JP 2019520423 A JP2019520423 A JP 2019520423A
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- C07D249/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D249/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D249/04—1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
- A61K31/4192—1,2,3-Triazoles
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
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- A61P21/00—Drugs for disorders of the muscular or neuromuscular system
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Abstract
Description
本発明の著者らは、動物またはヒト細胞においてカルシウム機能を調節するRyR受容体を調整するために好適な新規なトリアゾール由来化合物、特に、4−[(フェニルチオ)アルキル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾールを開発した。前記化合物は、本発明において「AHK」と呼称される。
R1は、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、CNおよびNO2からなる群から独立に選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいC1−C4アルキレンビラジカルであり;
R2は、C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルであり、ここで、1、2または3個の−CH2−基は−O−および−S−から選択される基で場合により置き換えることができ;かつ、前記C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルは、C1−4アルキル、アリル、プロパルギル、ヒドロキシメチル、1−ヒドロキシエチル、2−ヒドロキシエチル、3−アミノプロピル、4−アミノブチル、3−グアニジルプロピル、3−インドリルメチル、C6−10アリール、ベンジル、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、C6−10ヘテロアリール、F、Cl、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、CN、NO2、CO(C1−4アルキル)、CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CONH(C1−4アルキル)、−CON(C1−4アルキル)2から独立に選択される1以上の基で場合により置換することができ;
R3は、H、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、Br、Iから独立に選択される基であり;
mは、0、1、2、3、4から選択され;
nは、0、1、2から選択され;
Xは、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、O(C6−10アリール)、OCF3、S(C1−4アルキル)、S(C6−10アリール)、C1−6アルキル、CF3、NHC(O)(C1−4アルキル)およびハロゲンからなる群から独立に選択されるか;または2個のX基はメチレンジオキシ、エチレンジオキシまたはプロピレンジオキシビラジカルを表すことができ;かつ
Yは、−OH、−CO2H、−CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CO2(アリル)、−CO2(ベンジル)、−SO3H、−NH2、−NH(C1−4アルキル)、−N(C1−4アルキル)2、N(C1−4アルキル)3および−N(ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリール)からなる群から選択され、ここで、前記ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールは、C1−4アルキル基で置換されていてもよく、かつ、前記N原子は前記ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールの一部である]。
a)場合により銅触媒の存在下、および場合により塩基の存在下で、式(II)のアルキンを式(III)のアジドと反応させて式(I)の化合物を得ること
式(II)〜(III)の化合物における基R1、R2、R3、m、nおよびXは、上記項に定義された通りであり、かつ、
Yは、場合によりカルボキシル保護基、ヒドロキシル保護基またはアミノ保護基で保護された上記に定義される基である];
b)工程a)で得られた式(I)の化合物においてnが0である場合には、場合により、前記式(I)の化合物を酸化剤で処理して、式(I)の化合物(nが1または2であり、R1、R2、R3、mおよびXが上記に定義される通りであり、かつ、Yが、カルボキシル保護基、ヒドロキシル保護基またはアミノ保護基で保護された上記に記載されていてもよい上記に定義された基である)を得ること;および
c)工程a)またはb)で得られた式(I)の化合物が保護基で保護されたY基を有する場合には、前記保護基を除去して、R1、R2、R3、m、n、XおよびYが上記に記載の通りである式(I)の化合物を得ること
を含んでなる方法を含んでなる。
本発明は、細胞内カルシウム調節不全またはRyR受容体機能不全に関連する障害または疾患を治療または予防することができる新規なトリアゾール化合物を提供する。
R1は、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、CNおよびNO2からなる群から独立に選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいC1−C4アルキレンビラジカルであり;
R2は、C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルであり、ここで、1、2または3個の−CH2−基は、−O−および−S−から選択される基で場合により置き換えることができ;かつ、前記C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルは、C1−4アルキル、アリル、プロパルギル、ヒドロキシメチル、1−ヒドロキシエチル、2−ヒドロキシエチル、3−アミノプロピル、4−アミノブチル、3−グアニジルプロピル、3−インドリルメチル、C6−10アリール、ベンジル、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、C6−10ヘテロアリール、F、Cl、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、CN、NO2、CO(C1−4アルキル)、CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CONH(C1−4アルキル)、−CON(C1−4アルキル)2から独立に選択される1以上の基で場合により置換することができ;
R3は、H、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、Br、Iから独立に選択される基であり;
mは、0、1、2、3、4から選択され;
nは、0、1、2から選択され;
Xは、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、O(C6−10アリール)、OCF3、S(C1−4アルキル)、S(C6−10アリール)、C1−6アルキル、CF3、NHC(O)(C1−4アルキル)およびハロゲンからなる群から独立に選択されるか;または2個のX基はメチレンジオキシ、エチレンジオキシまたはプロピレンジオキシビラジカルを表すことができ;かつ
Yは、−OH、−CO2H、−CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CO2(アリル)、−CO2(ベンジル)、−SO3H、−NH2、−NH(C1−4アルキル)、−N(C1−4アルキル)2およびN(C1−4アルキル)3および−N(ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリール)からなる群から選択され、ここで、前記ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールは、C1−4アルキル基で置換されていてもよく、かつ、N原子は前記ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールの一部である]
またはその薬学的に許容可能な立体異性体、塩、溶媒和物もしくは複合体、またはその同位体標識誘導体、またはそのプロドラッグに関する。
用語「アルキレンビラジカル」は、炭素および水素原子からなり、不飽和を持たず、その末端で分子の残りの部分と一重結合を介して結合した直鎖または分岐炭化水素鎖により形成されたビラジカル、例えば、メチレン、エチレン、プロピレン、ブチレンなどを指す。C1−C4アルキレンビラジカルという場合には、1〜4個の炭素原子を有する前記ビラジカルを指し、一方、C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルという場合には、1〜6個の炭素原子を有する前記ビラジカルを指す。アルキレンビラジカルは、式(I)の化合物においてR1およびR2置換基の定義で明示されるように置換することができる。
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−[2−(N,N−ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−フェニルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−フェニルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−3−メチルブチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−3−メチルブチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−メチルプロピル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−メチルプロピル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−(1−カルボキシ−1−メチルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−メトキシカルボニルメチル−4−(フェニルスルフィニルメチル)−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、および
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルスルホニルメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(クロロ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
またはそれらの塩からなる群から選択される。
本発明の式(I)の化合物は、式(II)のアルキンと式(III)のアジド:
を反応させることを含んでなる方法の手段によって製造することができる。
本発明はさらに、式(I)の化合物、またはその薬学的に許容可能な立体異性体、塩、溶媒和物もしくは複合体、またはその同位体標識誘導体、またはそのプロドラッグと、1以上の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤またはビヒクルとを含んでなる医薬組成物を提供する。
本発明の化合物は、動物またはヒト細胞においてカルシウム機能を調節するRyR受容体を調整するために好適であり、従って、本発明の化合物は、基本的にRyR受容体機能不全により引き起こされる細胞内カルシウム調節不全に関連する障害または疾患を治療または予防することができる。
対象からRyR受容体を含有する組織または細胞サンプルを取得すること;
工程a)で得られた組織または細胞サンプルを式(I)の化合物とともにインキュベートすること、および
(a)対照細胞または組織におけるRyR−カルスタビン相互作用に対してRyR−カルスタビン相互作用の増強があるか否か;または
(b)対照細胞または組織における低下の不在に比べて細胞内カルシウムレベルの低下があるか否か
を決定することを含んでなり、
(a)におけるRyR−カルスタビン相互作用の増強または(b)における細胞内カルシウムレベルの低下は、対象における障害または疾患の存在を示す。
AHK1:基:R1=R2=−CH2−;R3=H;m=1;n=0;X=3−MeO;Y=CO2Hを含む式(I)による化合物、
AHK2:基:R1=−CH2−;R2=−CH2CH2−;R3=H;m=1;n=0;X=4−MeO;Y=NMe2を含む式(I)による化合物、
S−107:実施した生物アッセイにおいて比較目的で使用した化合物、その構造は本明細書の背景の節に見出せる、
tBuOH:tert−ブタノール、
DAPI:4’,6−ジアミノ−2−フェニルインドール、
ESI:エレクトロスプレーイオン化法、
EtOAc:酢酸エチル、
HRMS:高分解能質量分析、
IR:赤外線分光法、
mdx:X連鎖デュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーの動物モデル、
MP:融点、
NMR:核磁気共鳴、
SIN1:3−モルホリノ−シドノンイミン、ペルオキシ亜硝酸および酸化窒素発生剤、
THF:テトラヒドロフラン、
TBTA:トリス[(1−ベンジル−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール−4−イル)メチル]アミン。
これらのアッセイは、分化培地中14日後のヒト対照筋管LHCN−M2で行った。種々の分析化合物、特に本発明によるAHK1およびAHK2の毒性を決定するために、これらの化合物を種々の濃度(0〜2mM)で37℃にて24時間培養培地に加えた。比較目的で、同じアッセイを、対照化合物S−107を添加することにより行った。細胞生存率は、マニュアルの説明に従ってCytotox 96(Promega)比色定量アッセイの手段により決定した。
マウス短指屈筋から単離した線維を150nMの濃度の化合物AHK1およびAHK2の存在下または不在下で一晩培養した。ベースライン細胞内カルシウムレベルを、これらの線維を培養培地中、37℃で30分間、Fura2−AMレシオメトリック蛍光色素(4μM)およびプルロニック酸(0.02%)とともにインキュベートする手段によって評価した。これらの線維を高解像度デジタルカメラで観察し、細胞内[Ca2+]を340nm/380nm励起比の手段によって見積もった。
このアッセイは、分化培地で9日後のヒト対照筋管LHCN−M2で行った。前記筋管を150nMの濃度の化合物AHK1およびAHK2で12時間前処理した。処理後、これらの筋管に、SIN1(5mM)を30分間添加する手段により、ペルオキシ亜硝酸誘導性のニトロ酸化ストレスをかけた。
Jackson Laboratory(https://www.jax.org/strain/001801)により供給された1か月齢の雄ジストロフィーmdxマウスを使用した。筋機能に対するAhulken(AHK)化合物の効果を測定するための生物アッセイは1か月齢のマウスで行い、心臓およびCNSに対する効果を決定するためのin vivoアッセイは4か月齢のマウスで行った。1か月齢のマウスを化合物AHK1または化合物AHK2で5週間処置し、ここで、前記化合物は0.25mg/mLの濃度の飲水で投与した。前肢の筋力を、握力計を用いて毎週測定し、得られた値を動物の体重によって正規化した。この目的で、TREAT−NMD Neuromuscular Networkプロトコール(http://www.treat-nmd.eu/downloads/file/sops/dmd/MDX/DMD_M.2.2.001.pdf)に記載されている指示に従った。ジストロフィーマウスは、有意な握力低下を示した。しかしながら、2週間の処置の後、未処置同腹子に比べてAHK1またはAHK2で処置したmdxマウスでは筋力が有意に増加した。5週間の処置の後、筋力は有意に20%増加した(図4)。
Claims (24)
- 下記式(I)の化合物またはその薬学的に許容可能な立体異性体、塩、溶媒和物もしくは複合体、またはその同位体標識誘導体もしくはプロドラッグ:
R1は、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、CNおよびNO2からなる群から独立に選択される1以上の置換基で置換されていてもよいC1−4アルキレンビラジカルであり;
R2は、C1−6アルキレンビラジカルであり、ここで、1、2または3個の−CH2−基は、−O−および−S−から選択される基で場合により置き換えることができ;かつ、前記C1−C6アルキレンビラジカルは、C1−4アルキル、アリル、プロパルギル、ヒドロキシメチル、1−ヒドロキシエチル、2−ヒドロキシエチル、3−アミノプロピル、4−アミノブチル、3−グアニジルプロピル、3−インドリルメチル、C6−10アリール、ベンジル、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、C6−10ヘテロアリール、F、Cl、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、CN、NO2、CO(C1−4アルキル)、CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CONH(C1−4アルキル)および−CON(C1−4アルキル)2からなる群から独立に選択される1以上の基で場合により置換することができ;
R3は、H、C1−4アルキル、C6−10アリール、F、Cl、BrおよびIからなる群から選択され;
mは、0、1、2、3、4から選択され;
nは、0、1および2から選択され;
Xは、OH、O(C1−4アルキル)、O(C6−10アリール)、OCF3、S(C1−4アルキル)、S(C6−10アリール)、C1−6アルキル、CF3、NHC(O)(C1−4アルキル)およびハロゲンからなる群から独立に選択されるか;または2個のX基がメチレンジオキシ、エチレンジオキシまたはプロピレンジオキシビラジカルを表すことができ;かつ
Yは、−OH、−CO2H、−CO2(C1−4アルキル)、−CO2(アリル)、−CO2(ベンジル)、−SO3H、−NH2、−NH(C1−4アルキル)、−N(C1−4アルキル)2、N(C1−4アルキル)3および−N(ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリール)からなる群から選択され、ここで、前記ヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールは、C1−4アルキル基で置換されていてもよく、かつ、前記N原子はヘテロシクリルまたはヘテロアリールの一部である]。 - R1が−CH2−である、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2が、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、アリル、プロパルギル、ブチル、イソブチル、sec−ブチル、tert−ブチル、ヒドロキシメチル、1−ヒドロキシエチル、2−ヒドロキシエチル、3−アミノプロピル、4−アミノブチル、3−グアニジルプロピル、3−インドリルメチル、フェニル、1−ナフチル、2−ナフチル、ベンジル、4−ヒドロキシベンジル、C6−10ヘテロアリールからなる群から独立に選択される1または2個の置換基で置換されていてもよいC1−4アルキレンビラジカルである、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- R2が、メチル、イソプロピル、イソブチルおよびベンジルからなる群から独立に選択される1または2個の置換基で置換されていてもよい−CH2−または−CH2−CH2−ビラジカルである、請求項3に記載の化合物。
- R2が、2個のメチル置換基で、もしくはイソプロピル、イソブチルおよびベンジルからなる群から選択される1個の置換基で置換されていてもよい−CH2−ビラジカル、またはR2が−CH2−CH2−ビラジカルである、請求項4に記載の化合物。
- R2が−CH2−または−CH2−CH2−ビラジカルである、請求項5に記載の化合物。
- R3がHである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- mが1である、請求項1〜7いずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- nが0である、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- XがO(C1−4アルキル)またはハロゲンである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の化合物。
- Xがメタ位もしくはパラ位のメトキシ基または塩素である、請求項10に記載の化合物。
- Yが、CO2H、CO2Me、NH2、−NHMe、−NMe2、−NMe3、−NHEt、−NEt2、−NEt3、
- Yが、CO2H、CO2Me、NH2、−NHMe、−NMe2、−NMe3、−NHEt、−NEt2、−NEt3、ピロリジン−1−イル、ピペリジン−1−イル、モルホリン−4−イル、4−ピペラジン−1−イル、4−メチル−ピペラジン−1−イルおよびピリジン−1−イルまたは前記の基の薬学的に許容可能な塩からなる群から選択される、請求項12に記載の化合物。
- Yが、CO2Hおよび−NMe2からなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の化合物。
- 1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−[2−(N,N−ジメチルアミノ)エチル]−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−フェニルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−フェニルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−3−メチルブチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−3−メチルブチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(S)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−メチルプロピル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
(R)−1−(1−カルボキシ−2−メチルプロピル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−(1−カルボキシ−1−メチルエチル)−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−[4−(メトキシ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−メトキシカルボニルメチル−4−(フェニルスルフィニルメチル)−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、および
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(メトキシ)フェニルスルホニルメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール、
1−カルボキシメチル−4−[3−(クロロ)フェニルチオメチル]−1H−1,2,3−トリアゾール
からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の式(I)の化合物またはその塩。 - 請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)の化合物と、1以上の薬学的に許容可能な賦形剤またはビヒクルとを含んでなる、医薬組成物。
- 経口投与または非経口投与のための、請求項16に記載の医薬組成物。
- 医薬品を製造するための、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)の化合物の使用。
- 骨格筋障害および疾患、心臓障害および疾患ならびに神経障害および疾患の治療および/または予防を意図する医薬品を製造するための、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)の化合物の使用。
- 前記骨格筋障害および疾患が、筋ジストロフィー、先天性ミオパチー、代謝ミオパチー、筋萎縮およびサルコペニアから選択される、請求項19に記載の使用。
- 前記骨格筋障害または疾患がデュシェンヌ型筋ジストロフィーまたはベッカー型筋ジストロフィーである、請求項20に記載の使用。
- 前記心臓障害および疾患が心不全、心虚血、心不整脈および心筋症から選択される、請求項19に記載の使用。
- 前記神経障害および疾患が脳卒中、アルツハイマー病、前頭側頭骨型認知症および認知機能障害から選択される、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の式(I)の化合物を合成するための方法であって、
a)場合により銅触媒の存在下、および場合により塩基の存在下で、式(II)のアルキンを式(III)のアジドと反応させて式(I)の化合物を得ること
式(II)〜(III)の化合物における基R1、R2、R3、m、nおよびXは、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に定義される通りであり、かつ、
Yは、カルボキシル保護基、ヒドロキシル保護基またはアミノ保護基で保護されていてもよい請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に定義される基である];
b)工程a)で得られた式(I)の化合物においてnが0である場合には、場合により、前記式(I)の化合物を酸化剤で処理して、式(I)の化合物(式中、nが1または2であり、R1、R2、R3、mおよびXが請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の通りであり、かつ、Yが、カルボキシル保護基、ヒドロキシル保護基またはアミノ保護基で保護されていてもよい請求項1〜15のいずれ一項に定義される基である)を得ること;および
c)工程a)またはb)で得られた式(I)の化合物が保護基で保護されたY基を有する場合には、前記保護基を除去して、式(I)の化合物(式中、R1、R2、R3、m、n、XおよびYが請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に定義される通りである)を得ること
を含んでなる、方法。
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