JP2019517806A - ガス供給発酵反応器、システムおよび方法 - Google Patents
ガス供給発酵反応器、システムおよび方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
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Abstract
Description
技術分野
本発明は、発酵において有用な反応器、システム、およびプロセスに関し、特に、ガス状基質を使用する発酵システムに関する。
拡大し続ける化石燃料鉱床の枯渇、増加する温室効果ガスの生産、および気候変動についての近年の懸念により、化石燃料の代わりにバイオ燃料(例えば、エタノール、バイオディーゼル)を代用することが、産業上の焦点となっている。しかしながら、現在までに生成されているバイオ燃料は、その独自の困難および懸念を有する。第1世代のバイオ燃料は、植物(例えば、デンプン、サトウキビ糖、ならびにトウモロコシ、ナタネ、ダイズ、ヤシ、および他の植物油)に由来するが、これらの燃料作物は、人間および動物の消費のために栽培される作物と競合する。世界的に利用可能な農地の量は、食料および燃料の両方の増加する需要を満たすためには不十分である。バイオ燃料適合性穀物に関する食料生産業者に対する要求を低減させるために、セルロースまたは藻類等の代替生物学的物質を使用する第2世代のバイオ燃料が、開発中である。しかしながら、生産における技術的困難は、高い生産コストとともに、第2世代のバイオ燃料をそれ以上コスト効果の高いもの、または入手可能なものにしていない。
一側面では、本開示は、微生物発酵のためのガス状基質の効率的な物質移動のためのシステム、プロセス、および装置を説明する。加えて、本開示は、主として、C1代謝非光合成微生物を備える培養物を使用して、ガス状炭素含有供給原料を発酵させるためのシステム、プロセス、および装置を説明する。他の側面では、本開示は、C1代謝非光合成微生物以外を使用して、ガス状基質を含むガス状供給原料を発酵させるためのシステム、プロセス、および装置を説明する。また別の側面では、本開示は、効率的な熱交換および廃棄ガス除去に加えて、高流束の気相から液相への物質移動を可能にするための拡張可能発酵槽設計を説明する。当分野で公知の不利点を克服し、種々の生産物の最適な生産のための新しいプロセスおよびデバイスを公共に提供する、発酵のためのシステムおよびプロセスが、説明される。
本明細書で使用されるように、用語「バイオ燃料」は、「バイオマス」に少なくとも部分的に由来する燃料を指す。
Claims (25)
- バイオマスの生産を刺激するためのシステムであって、
ループ反応器であって、
ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を気相ならびに液相に分離するためのガス/液体分離容器であって、出口と、入口とを含む、ガス/液体分離容器と、
前記ガス/液体分離容器の出口と流体連通する入口と、前記ガス/液体分離容器の入口と流体連通する出口とを含む、ループ区分であって、ループ区分中心線を含む、ループ区分と、
第1の減圧デバイスを含む、第1の非垂直減圧区域であって、前記ループ区分の入口と前記ループ区分の出口との間に位置し、前記ガス/液体分離容器の入口における前記ループ区分中心線と前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分中心線との間の垂直距離は、8メートルを下回る、第1の非垂直減圧区域と、
を含む、ループ反応器
を備えるシステム。 - 前記第1の減圧デバイスは、流量制御デバイスおよび伸縮継手から選択される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の非垂直減圧区域の下流に第2の減圧区域をさらに備える、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第2の減圧区域は、第2の非垂直減圧区域である、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記ガス/液体分離容器の入口における前記ループ区分中心線と前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分中心線との間の垂直距離は、6メートルを下回る、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ガス/液体分離容器の入口における前記ループ区分中心線と前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分中心線との間の垂直距離は、5メートルを下回る、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ループ反応器はさらに、脱離ガス入口を備え、前記脱離ガス入口は、前記ループ反応器のループ区分の非垂直部分内に位置する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記第1の減圧デバイスは、静水圧の変化に依拠することなく圧力を低減させるデバイスである、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- バイオマスの生産を刺激するためのプロセスであって、
ループ反応器のループ区分を通して、ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を流動させるステップであって、前記ループ区分は、ループ区分中心線を含む、ステップと、
栄養素を前記多相混合物の中に導入するステップと、
メタンおよび酸素を前記多相混合物の中に導入するステップと、
前記ループ反応器の第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップであって、前記ループ反応器の第1の非垂直減圧区域は、第1の減圧デバイスを含む、ステップと、
前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を、前記第1の減圧デバイスの下流で気相および液相に分離するステップと、
前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物から分離された気相ならびに液相を、ガス/液体分離容器への入口を通して前記ガス/液体分離容器の中に流動させるステップであって、前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口は、中心線を含む、ステップと、
前記ガス/液体分離容器の出口から前記液相を除去し、前記除去された液相を前記ループ区分の入口に送達するステップであって、前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、8メートルを下回る、ステップと
を含む、プロセス。 - 第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップは、弁、伸縮継手、静的ミキサ、または配管エルボを通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させることを含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の非垂直減圧区域の下流の第2の減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップをさらに含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、6メートルを下回る、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、5メートルを下回る、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 脱離ガスを前記ループ反応器のループ区分の非垂直部分の中に導入するステップをさらに含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップは、静水圧の変化に依拠することなく圧力を低減させるデバイスを通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させることを含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- ループ反応器内でバイオマスの生産を刺激するためのプロセスであって、
前記ループ反応器の第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップであって、前記ループ反応器の第1の非垂直減圧区域は、第1の減圧デバイスを含む、ステップと、
前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を、前記第1の減圧デバイスの下流で気相および液相に分離するステップと、
前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物から分離された気相ならびに液相を、ガス/液体分離容器への入口を通して前記ガス/液体分離容器の中に通過させるステップであって、前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口は、中心線を含む、ステップと、
前記ガス/液体分離容器の出口から液相を除去し、前記除去された液相を前記ループ反応器のループ区分の入口に送達するステップであって、前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、8メートルを下回る、ステップと
を含む、プロセス。 - 前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、6メートルを下回る、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ループ区分の入口における前記ループ区分の中心線と前記ガス/液体分離容器への入口の中心線との間の垂直距離は、5メートルを下回る、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1の減圧デバイスは、静水圧の変化に依拠することなく圧力を低減させるデバイスである、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ループ反応器はさらに、脱離ガス入口を備え、前記脱離ガス入口は、前記ガス/液体分離容器と前記第1の非垂直減圧区域との間に位置する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記多相混合物が、前記第1の減圧デバイスの下流で気相および液相に分離される前に、かつ前記多相混合物が、前記第1の非垂直減圧区域を通過した後に、脱離ガスを前記多相混合物の中に導入するステップをさらに含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 前記多相混合物が、前記第1の減圧デバイスの下流で気相および液相に分離される前に、かつ前記多相混合物が、前記第1の非垂直減圧区域を通過した後に、脱離ガスを前記多相混合物の中に導入するステップをさらに含む、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
- 前記流量制御デバイスは、制御弁である、請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップは、流量制御デバイスを通して前記多相混合物を通過させることを含む、請求項9に記載のプロセス。
- 第1の非垂直減圧区域を通して、前記ガスおよび液体培地の多相混合物を通過させるステップは、流量制御デバイスを通して前記多相混合物を通過させることを含む、請求項16に記載のプロセス。
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- 2017-06-16 US US15/625,858 patent/US10570364B2/en active Active
- 2017-06-16 EP EP17734208.6A patent/EP3472300A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-06-16 JP JP2018565412A patent/JP2019517806A/ja active Pending
- 2017-06-16 WO PCT/US2017/038008 patent/WO2017218978A1/en unknown
- 2017-06-16 KR KR1020197000117A patent/KR20190017871A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-06-16 AU AU2017286677A patent/AU2017286677A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-06-16 BR BR112018076053-6A patent/BR112018076053A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2017-06-16 RU RU2019100506A patent/RU2747305C2/ru active
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US10538730B2 (en) | 2020-01-21 |
WO2017218978A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
US20200172853A1 (en) | 2020-06-04 |
KR20190017871A (ko) | 2019-02-20 |
EP3472300A1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
BR112018076053A2 (pt) | 2019-03-26 |
US10570364B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 |
CN109312281A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
AU2017286677A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
US20170362562A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
CA3025256A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
US20220259548A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
US11332706B2 (en) | 2022-05-17 |
RU2019100506A3 (ja) | 2020-10-19 |
US12116563B2 (en) | 2024-10-15 |
RU2747305C2 (ru) | 2021-05-04 |
RU2019100506A (ru) | 2020-07-17 |
US20190264164A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
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