JP2019513731A - 変形抗体を含む抗体−薬物接合体 - Google Patents
変形抗体を含む抗体−薬物接合体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
構造式(1)
Xa−[Mmotif1]n1−Xb−[Mmotif2]n2
前記式中、Mmotif1またはMmotif2は、それぞれ独立して、ACGHA(配列番号1)、AHGCA(配列番号2)、AXGHA(配列番号3)およびAHGXA(配列番号4)から構成された配列のいずれか一つを含み、前記配列番号3または4中、Xは、システイン以外のアミノ酸残基を含み、
XaおよびXbは、それぞれ独立して、A(alanine)、S(serine)、G(glycine)からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基が0個〜20個から構成されたペプチドであり、
n1およびn2は、それぞれ、1〜10の整数である。
Xa−[Mmotif1]n1−Xb−[Mmotif2]n2
XaおよびXbは、それぞれ独立して、A(alanine)、S(serine)、G(glycine)からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基が0個〜20個から構成されたペプチドであり、
n1およびn2は、それぞれ1〜10の整数である。
(2)E16(LAT1、SLC7A5、GenBank承認番号NM_003486);
(3)STEAP1(前立腺の6回の膜貫通上皮抗原、GenBank承認番号NM_012449);
(4)0772P(CA125、MUC16、GenBank承認番号AF361486);
(5)MPF(MPF、MSLN、SMR、巨核細胞強化因子、メソテリン、GenBank承認番号NM_005823);
(6)Napi3b(NAPI−3B、NPTIIb、SLC34A2、溶質輸送体族34(リン酸ナトリウム)、構成員2、第II型ナトリウム−依存性ホスフェート輸送体3b、GenBank承認番号NM_006424);
(7)Sema 5b(FLJ10372、KIAA1445、Mm.42015、SEMA5B、SEMAG、セマフォリン5b Hlog、セマドメイン、7個のトロンボスポンジンリピート(第1型および類似第1型)、膜貫通ドメイン(TM)および短い細胞質ドメイン、(セマフォリン)5B、GenBank承認番号AB040878);
(8)PSCA hlg(2700050C12Rik、C530008O16Rik、RIKEN cDNA 2700050C12、RIKEN cDNA 2700050C12遺伝子、GenBank承認番号AY358628);
(9)ETBR(エンドセリンB型受容体、GenBank承認番号AY275463);
(10)MSG783(RNF124、仮想タンパク質FLJ20315、GenBank承認番号NM_017763);
(11)STEAP2(HGNC_8639、IPCA−1、PCANAP1、STAMP1、STEAP2、STMP、前立腺癌関連遺伝子1、前立腺癌関連タンパク質1、前立腺の6回の膜貫通上皮抗原2、6回の膜貫通前立腺タンパク質、GenBank承認番号AF455138);
(12)TrpM4(BR22450、FLJ20041、TRPM4、TRPM4B、一時的受容体潜在的カチオンチャネル、M亜族、構成員4、GenBank承認番号NM_017636);
(13)CRIPTO(CR、CR1、CRGF、CRIPTO、TDGF1、奇形癌腫−由来成長因子、GenBank承認番号NP_003203またはNM_003212);
(14)CD21(CR2(補体受容体2)またはC3DR(C3d/エプスタインバールウイルス受容体)またはHs.73792GenBank承認番号M26004);
(15)CD79b(CD79B、CD79β、IGb(イムノグロブリン−関連ベータ)、B29、GenBank承認番号NM_000626);
(16)FcRH2(IFGP4、IRTA4、SPAP1A(SH2ドメイン含有ホスファターゼ固定タンパク質1a)、SPAP1B、SPAP1C、GenBank承認番号NM_030764);
(17)HER2(GenBank承認番号M11730);
(18)EGFR、HER3およびHER4から選択されるErbB受容体;
(19)NCA(GenBank承認番号M18728);
(20)MDP(GenBank承認番号BC017023);
(21)IL20Rα(GenBank承認番号AF184971);
(22)ブレビカン(GenBank承認番号AF229053);
(23)EphB2R(GenBank承認番号NM_004442);
(24)ASLG659(GenBank承認番号AX092328);
(25)PSCA(GenBank承認番号AJ297436);
(26)GEDA(GenBank承認番号AY260763);
(27)BAFF−R(B細胞活性化因子受容体、BLyS受容体3、BR3、NP_443177.1);
(28)CD22(B−細胞受容体CD22−Bイソ型、NP−001762.1);
(29)CD79a(Igベータ(CD79B)と共有的に相互作用し、IgM分子と表面で複合体を形成するB細胞特異的タンパク質であるCD79A、CD79α、イムノグロブリン−関連アルファは、B細胞分化に関与する信号を伝達する、GenBank承認番号NP_001774.1);
(30)CXCR5(CXCL13ケモカインによって活性化したGタンパク質カップリングされた受容体であるバーキットリンパ種受容体1は、リンパ球の移動および体液性免疫に作用し、HIV−2感染に参加し、AIDS、リンパ種、骨髄腫および白血病の発病と関連があると思われる、GenBank承認番号NP_001707.1);
(31)HLA−DOB(ペプチドに結合しCD4+Tリンパ球に提示する、MHCクラスII分子(Ia抗原)のベータサブユニット、GenBank承認番号NP_002111.1);
(32)P2X5(細胞の他、ATPによってゲートされるイオンチャネルである、プリン性受容体P2Xリガンド−ゲートイオンチャネル5は、シナプス伝達および神経発生に関与することができ、その欠乏は、特発性排尿筋不安定の病態生理に寄与することができる、GenBank承認番号NP_002552.2);
(33)CD72(B−細胞分化抗原CD72、Lyb−2、GenBank承認番号NP_001773.1);
(34)LY64(ロイシンリッチリピート(LRR)族の第I型膜タンパク質である、リンパ球抗原64(RP105)は、B細胞活性化およびアポトーシスを調節し、これの機能喪失は、全身性エリテマトーデス患者の疾病活性増加と関連する、GenBank承認番号NP_005573.1);
(35)FcRH1(C2型Ig−類似およびITAMドメインを含有するイムノグロブリンFcドメインに対する推定的受容体であるFc受容体様タンパク質1は、Bリンパ球分化に関与することができる、GenBank承認番号NP_443170.1);
(36)IRTA2(B細胞発生およびリンパ腫発生に作用することができる推定的免疫数溶体であるイムノグロブリン巨大族受容体転座関連2、転座による前記遺伝子脱調節はいくつかのB細胞悪性腫瘍で起こる、GenBank承認番号NP_112571.1);
(37)TENB2(成長因子のEGF/ヘレグリン族およびホリスタチンと関連のある推定的膜貫通プロテオグリカン、GenBank承認番号AF179274);
(38)MAGE−C1/CT7(精巣腫瘍過発現タンパク質);
(39)アンドロゲン受容体(androgen receptor)、PTEN、ヒトカリクレイン関連ペプチダーゼ3(human kallikrein−related peptidase 3)(前立腺癌で過発現するタンパク質);
(40)CD20;
(41)CD30;
(42)CD33;
(43)CD52;
(44)EpCam;
(45)CEA;
(46)gpA33;
(47)Mucins;
(48)TAG−72;
(49)炭酸脱水酵素IX(Carbonic anhydrase IX);
(50)PSMA;
(51)葉酸受容体(Folate receptor)(FOLR 遺伝子により発現するタンパク質ファミリ。葉酸と高い結合力を有しており、5−メチルテトラヒドロ葉酸を細胞内に運搬する);
(52)ガングリオシド(GD2、GD3、GM2);
(53)糖水化物Lewis−Y;
(54)VEGF;
(55)VEGFR;
(56)aVb3;
(57)a5b1;
(58)ERB3;
(59)c−MET;
(60)EphA3;
(61)TRAIL−R1、TRAIL−R2;
(62)RANKL;
(63)FAP;および
(64)Tenascinから構成された群から選択される一つ以上のターゲットに結合能を有することができるが、これに制限されるものではない。
発現ベクタークローニングは、親ベクターであるpSGHV0(GenBank Accession No.AF285183)を用いて産業体で抗体の作製に使用できるように目的に合わせて改良させて開発したpAV4ベクターを用いた。親ベクターは、大腸菌のようなバクテリアを用いてヒト由来タンパク質を発現させる場合、細胞内に過量発現されるが、活性を有する物質として得られ難いタンパク質の場合に、動物細胞を用いて細胞外に生理活性を有する関心タンパク質を高濃度で発現させて簡単に精製する目的で作製された研究用ベクターである。しかし、産業体で生産用に使用するには様々な制限があるため、このベクターの最大の利点である発現量が高いことを生産に利用するために、産業体で使用可能に改良したものである。また、抗体の場合、重鎖(heavy chain)と軽鎖(light chain)の二つのタンパク質を同時に発現させなければならないため、かかる目的に適するベクターを開発した。
葉酸受容体に結合能がある親抗体(Fwt)ベクターを製造するために、配列番号125の重鎖と配列番号126の軽鎖コーディングcDNAをCHO細胞で発現が極大化するようにコドン最適化した配列でそれぞれ合成した。この遺伝子をpAV4ベクターのXhoI/NotIとApaI/SmaIにそれぞれクローニングし、親抗体ベクター(pFwt)を製造した。
金属イオン結合モチーフ(ACGHA)2個を有するFwtの変形抗体であるFM2(Fwt−ACGHAACGHA(配列番号5)、FM2)を製造するために、親抗体であるFwtのベクター(pFwt)を鋳型とし、XhoI−Q5−F正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGT ATCATCC−3':配列番号105)とM2逆方向プライマー(5'−CCATGCGGCCGCTCATTTAGGCATGGCCA CAAGCAGCATGGCCACAGGCACCCGGAGACAGGGAGAGGC−3':配列番号106)を用いてPCRで増幅した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpFwtと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pFM2)を製造した。
金属イオン結合モチーフ(ACGHA)を一つだけ有するトラスツズマブ変形抗体であるFM1(Fwt−GGGACGHA、pFM1)を製造するために、上記で製造したFM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGT ATCATCC−3':配列番号107)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CCATGCGGCCGCTCATTTAGGCATGGCC ACAAGCA CCTC CACCACCCGGAGACAGGGAGA−3':配列番号108)を使用して、site−directed mutagenesis(enzynomics社製、EzChange Site−directed mutagenesis kit、Ez004S)方法を用いてPCRで増幅した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpFwtと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pFM1)を製造した。
金属イオン結合モチーフ(ACGHA)が3個のアミノ酸リンカーで連結された変形抗体であるFM2L(Fwt−ACGHAGGGACGHA、pFM2L)を製造するために、上記で製造した変形抗体FM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGTATCATCC−3':配列番号109)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CCATGCGGCCGCTCATTTAGGCATGGCCACAAGCACCTCCACCAGCATGGCCACAGGCACCCGGAGACAGGGAGAGGC−3':配列番号110)を使用し、site−directed mutagenesis(enzynomics社製、EzChange Site−directed mutagenesis kit、Ez004S)方法でPCRを用いて二つの金属イオン結合モチーフの間にグリシンリンカーを添加した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpFwtと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pFM2L)を製造した。
FM2変形抗体に存在する2個の金属イオン結合モチーフであるACGHAACGHA(配列番号5)で内側のシステインをセリン(serine)で置換し、一つの金属イオン結合モチーフだけが存在する変形抗体であるFM2a(Fwt−ASGHAACGHA(配列番号26)、pFM2a)を製造するために、上記で製造した変形抗体FM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGT ATCATCC−3':配列番号111)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CAGATTGCGGCCGCTCATTAGGCATGGCCACAAGCAGCATGGCCTG AGGCACCCGGAGACAGG−3’:配列番号112)をPCRを用いて内側のシステインをセリンで置換した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpFwtと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pFM2a)を製造した。
FM2変形抗体に存在する2個の金属イオン結合モチーフであるACGHAACGHAで外側のシステインをセリン(serine)で置換し、一つの金属イオン結合モチーフだけが存在する変形抗体であるFM2b(Fwt−ACGHAASGHA(配列番号21)、pFM2b)を製造するために、上記で製造した変形抗体FM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGTATCATCC−3':配列番号113)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CAGATTGCGGCCGCTCATTAGGCATGGCCTGAAGCAGCATGGCCACA GGCACCCGGAGACAGG−3':配列番号114)を使用し、site−directed mutagenesis(enzynomics社製、EzChange Site−directed mutagenesis kit、Ez004S)方法でPCRを用いて内側のシステインをセリンで置換した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpFwtと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pFM2b)を製造した。
チャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞(CHO−K1)を用いて、実施例2で製造したFwtおよびその金属イオン結合モチーフ変形抗体(FM1、FM2、FM2L、FM2a、FM2b)のタンパク質発現を確認した。CHO−K1は、10%FBS(Fetal Bovine Serum)と抗生剤を含むDMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Media)に37℃、5% CO2、培養器で培養した。Fwtおよびその変形抗体発現ベクターを導入する前日、100mm培養皿に細胞を5×106/ml濃度で接種して培養した後、FBSと抗生剤のない800μlのDMEMと10μgのFwtまたは変形抗体発現ベクターを混合し、常温で1分間維持した後、20μgのPEI(Polyethylenimine、linear、Polysciences Inc(Cat.no:23966、MW〜25、000))と混合し、10〜15分程度常温で放置した。この際、前日に培養した細胞をPBSで洗浄し、新たな培養液6mlのDMEMを添加した。10〜15分間常温に放置したFwtまたはその変形抗体の発現ベクターをこの培養皿に添加した。翌日、PBSで洗浄し、FBSのないIMDM(Cat.No 12200−028、Gibco、Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium)培地を添加し、タンパク質発現を確認した。
本発明では、MMAEとFwtの変形抗体を接合させてFMx(Fwtの金属イオン結合モチーフ変異体)−MMAE結合体を製造した。MMAEとして知られたオーリスタチン(Auristatin)の接合可能性誘導体である単一メチルオーリスタチンE(monomethyl Auristatin E、化学式2参照)として、
本実施例では、ブロモアセトアミド基によりシステインのチオール基に結合する抗体−薬物接合体を製造した。ブロモアセトアミドは、細胞内でタンパク質分解酵素(protease)によって分解されるバリン−シトルリン(valine−citrulline)と自己分解スペーサ基であるパラアニリン安息香酸(para−aniline benzoic acid:PABA)によりMMAEと結合した構造を有し、bromoacetamideとチオール基との結合によりMMAEを変形抗体に結合させる。これをbr(bromo acetamide)−VC(valine−citrulline)−PAB−MMAEと名付ける。
実施例2で使用した方法のように、trastuzumabのC−末端にシステインを含む金属イオンモチーフを導入した変形抗体を作製した。
金属イオン結合モチーフ(ACGHA)2個を有するtrastuzumabの変形抗体であるHM2(HR−ACGHAACGHA(配列番号5)、HM2)を製造するために、親抗体であるtrastuzumabのベクター(pHR)を鋳型とし、XhoI−Q5−F正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGT ATCATCC−3':配列番号111)とM2逆方向プライマー(5'−CCATGCGGCCGCTCATTTAGGCATGGCCA CAAGCAGCATGGCCACAGGCACCCGGAGACAGGGAGAGGC−3':配列番号112)を用いてPCRで増幅した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpHRと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pHM2)を製造した。
HM2変形抗体に存在する2個の金属イオン結合モチーフであるACGHAACGHA(配列番号5)で内側のシステインをセリン(serine)で置換し、一つの金属イオン結合モチーフだけが存在する変形抗体であるHM2a(HR−ASGHAACGHA(配列番号26)、pHM2a)を製造するために、上記で製造した変形抗体HM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGT ATCATCC−3':配列番号111)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CAGATTGCGGCCGCTCATTAGGCATGGCCACAAGCAGCATGGCCTG AGGCACCCGGAGACAGG−3':配列番号112)をPCRを用いて内側のシステインをセリンで置換した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpHRと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pHM2a)を製造した。
HM2変形抗体に存在する2個の金属イオン結合モチーフであるACGHAACGHAで外側のシステインをセリン(serine)で置換し、一つの金属イオン結合モチーフだけが存在する変形抗体であるHM2b(HR−ACGHAASGHA(配列番号21)、pHM2b)を製造するために、上記で製造した変形抗体HM2を鋳型とし、正方向プライマー(5'−GCTCCTCGAGGCCACCATGGGATGGAGCTGTATCATCC−3':配列番号109)と逆方向プライマー(5'−CAGATTGCGGCCGCTCATTAGGCATGGCCTGAAGCAGCATGGCCACA GGCACCCGGAGACAGG−3':配列番号114)を使用し、site−directed mutagenesis(enzynomics社製、EzChange Site−directed mutagenesis kit、Ez004S)方法でPCRを用いて内側のシステインをセリンで置換した。前記増幅されたヌクレオチドを末端に存在する二つの制限酵素であるXhoIとNotIで切断し、XhoI/NotI切断部を有している発現ベクターpHRと接合し、変形抗体ベクター(pHM2b)を製造した。
チャイニーズハムスター卵巣細胞(CHO−K1)を用いて、実施例6で製造したtrastuzumab変形抗体(HM2、HM2a、HM2b)のタンパク質発現を確認した。CHO−K1は10%FBS(Fetal Bovine Serum)と抗生剤を含むDMEM(Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Media)に37℃、5%CO2、培養器で培養した。変形抗体発現ベクターを導入する前日、100mm培養皿に細胞を5×106/ml濃度で接種して培養した後、FBSと抗生剤がない800μlのDMEMと10μgの変形抗体発現ベクターを混合し、常温で1分間維持した後、20μgのPEI(Polyethylenimine、linear、Polysciences Inc(Cat.no:23966、MW〜25、000))と混合し、10〜15分位常温で放置した。この際、前日に培養した細胞をPBSで洗浄し、新たな培養液6mlのDMEMを添加した。10〜15分間常温に放置した変形抗体の発現ベクターをこの培養皿に添加した。翌日、PBSで洗浄し、FBSがないIMDM(Cat.No 12200−028、Gibco、Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium)培地を添加し、タンパク質発現を確認した。
本発明では、MMAEと実施例6、7で生産したtrastuzumabの変形抗体を接合してHMx(Trastuzumabの金属イオン結合モチーフ変異体)−MMAE結合体を製造した。本発明では、精製された変形抗体1当量当たり還元剤であるTCEPを3当量加え、4℃で30分間反応させてチオール基を還元させた後、MC−vc−PAB−MMAEを2.5当量添加し、常温で2時間ほど反応させる。反応は、過量のシステインを加えて終結し、過量のMC−vc−PAB−MMAEとTCEPは、遠心分離濾過フィルターとリン酸塩緩衝液での透析により除去し、最終精製されたFMx−MC−vc−PAB−MMAEを製造した。
前記の実施例で金属イオン結合モチーフであるM2(ACGHAACGHA)で後側のcysteineをserineで置換したM2b(ACGHAASGHA)がM2配列に比べて著しく高い薬物接合能を示すことを確認することができた。かかるserine置換部位が他のアミノ酸の置換でも同じ効果を示すか確認するために、この位置に様々なアミノ酸を置換した変形抗体を生産した。
本発明では、MMAEと実施例9のように生産したFM2b−X(X=A、T、Y、D、K、あるいはF)変形抗体を接合させてFM2b−X−MMAE結合体を製造した。本発明では、精製された変形抗体1当量当たり還元剤であるTCEPを3当量加え、4℃で30分間反応させてチオール基を還元させた後、MC−vc−PAB−MMAEを2.5当量添加し、常温で2時間ほど反応させる。反応は、過量のシステインを加えて終結し、過量のMC−vc−PAB−MMAEとTCEPは、遠心分離濾過フィルターとリン酸塩緩衝液での透析により除去し、最終精製されたFMb−X−MC−vc−PAB−MMAEを製造した。各変形抗体の重鎖への接合収率は、以下の表8のとおりである。
前記の実施例4のように製造された各変形抗体−薬物接合体は、変形抗体当たり接合された薬物の個数(DAR:drug−to−antibody ratio)が異なるため、in vitroで薬物の細胞毒性を比較することが容易でない。したがって、同じDARを有するように変形抗体−薬物接合体を精製するために、疎水性クロマトグラフィーを用いて変形抗体−薬物接合体を精製した。フェニル(phenyl)カラムクロマトグラフィーを用いてDARが2を有する変形抗体−薬物接合体を精製した。カラムを10mM sodium succinate、0.5M NaCl、pH5.0緩衝液で平衡化した後、変形抗体−薬物接合体をカラムに注入した。同じ緩衝液でカラムを洗浄した後、30%のアセトニトリル(acetonitrile)が含まれた前記緩衝液を加え、DARにしたがって変形抗体−薬物接合体を溶出した。溶出した変形抗体−薬物接合体は、10mM sodium succinate、30mM sucrose、pH6.0の緩衝液で透析(dialysis)を用いて緩衝液を交換した。
上記の実施例9、10、11のように、MC−vc−PAB−MMAE薬物が2個接合された抗体−薬物接合体であるFM2b−S−D2、FM2b−F−D2、FM2b−K−D2、FM2b−Y−D2を生産した。生産された抗体−薬物接合体をそれぞれ、25℃と50℃の温度条件でincubationし、薬物接合個数の変化とaggregationの変化を測定した。
変形抗体−薬物接合体の試験管内細胞増殖抑制能を比較するために、Folate receptorが過発現したKB−細胞を用いて細胞成長抑制能の試験を行った。KB−細胞は10%FBSが添加されたDMEM/F12培地に希釈し、1×104個/ウェル(well)になるように調整した後、100μlの細胞培養物を96−ウェル(well)プレートの各ウェルに加えた。以降、ウェルプレートを5%二酸化炭素および37℃に設定された培養器で24時間培養し、細胞をプレートに付着させた。各試験試料を培地に希釈した後、最終濃度6.45nM、3.23nM、1.61nM、0.806nM、0.403nM、0.202nM、0.101nM、0.0504nM、0.0252nMおよび0.0126nMになるように添加し、同時に対照群ウェルには培地のみ(薬物なし)添加した。5日間培養した後、20μl/ウェルでCellTiter 96−AQueous One Solution試薬[MTS−基礎検定;生きている細胞のジヒドロゲナーゼ(dehydrogenase)によってMTSが紫色のホルマザン(formazan)を形成し、生成された紫色のホルマザンの量によって増殖測定]を添加した後、37℃に設定された培養器で2時間培養した。細胞溶菌を吸光分析装置でO.D.490nmで測定し、viability(%)を測定した。
親抗体であるFwtと前記例でMMAEを接合させた後、同じDARを有するように精製した変形抗体−薬物接合体であるFM2−D2(変形抗体であるFM2のMMAE薬物接合体としてDAR2を有する変形抗体−薬物接合体)とFM2b−D2(変形抗体であるFM2bのMMAE薬物接合体としてDAR2を有する変形抗体−薬物接合体)を前記のようにKB cellに処理した後、薬物の細胞成長抑制能を比較した。
FM2b−Sと他の変異体に基づく抗体−薬物接合体間の細胞成長抑制能を比較するために、FM2b−S、−F、−Y変異体にMC−vc−PAB−MMAEを接合させた後、同じDARを有するように精製した後、上記のようにKB cellに処理した後、薬物の細胞成長抑制能を比較した。
Claims (14)
- 下記構造式(1)で表されるモチーフを抗体の末端に含む変形抗体がリンカーを介して薬物に結合した抗体−薬物接合体:
構造式(1)
Xa−[Mmotif1]n1−Xb−[Mmotif2]n2
前記式中、Mmotif1またはMmotif2は、それぞれ独立して、ACGHA(配列番号1)、AHGCA(配列番号2)、AXGHA(配列番号3)およびAHGXA(配列番号4)から構成された配列のいずれか一つを含み、前記配列番号3または4の中、Xは、システイン以外のアミノ酸残基を含み、
XaおよびXbは、それぞれ独立して、A(alanine)、S(serine)、G(glycine)からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸残基が0個〜20個から構成されたペプチドであり、
n1およびn2は、それぞれ、1〜10の整数である。 - 前記 Mmotif2は、 AXGHA(配列番号3)を含み、 Xは、システイン以外のアミノ酸残基であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記 Mmotif1またはMmotif2のXは、セリン(S)、グリシン( G )、アラニン(A)、トレオニン(T)、チロシン(Y)、アスパラギン酸(D)、リジン(K)およびフェニルアラニン(F)から構成された群から選択されるアミノ酸残基であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記構造式(1)で表されるモチーフは、配列番号5〜104から構成された群から選択される一つ以上の配列を含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記モチーフは、抗体の重鎖C−末端に導入されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記リンカーは、モチーフに結合する反応性官能基、アミノ酸および自己切断スペーサを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記薬物は、マイタンシノイド、オーリスタチン、アミノプテリン、アクチノマイシン、ブレオマイシン、タリソマイシン、カンプトテシン、N8−アセチルスペルミジン、1−(2クロロエチル)−1,2−ジメチルスルホニルヒドラジド、エスペラミシン、エトポシド、6−メルカプトプリン、ドラスタチン、トリコテセン、カリケアミシン、タキサン、メトトレキサート、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、ドキソルビシン、メルファラン、ミトマイシンA、ミトマイシンC、クロラムブシル、デュオカルマイシン、核酸分解酵素、細菌や動植物由来の毒素、シスプラチン、イリノテカン、パクリタキセルおよびドセタキセルから選択される一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記抗体は、単クローン抗体、二重特異性抗体、キメラ抗体、ヒト抗体およびヒト化抗体から構成された群から選択される一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記抗体は、IgA、IgD、IgE、IgGおよびIgMから構成された群から選択される一つ以上であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記抗体は、癌特異抗原、細胞表面受容体タンパク質、細胞表面タンパク質、膜貫通タンパク質、シグナル伝逹タンパク質、細胞生存調節因子、細胞増殖調節因子、組織発達または分化に関する分子、リンホカイン、サイトカイン、細胞周期調節に関する分子、血管形成に関する分子、または血管新生に関する分子に対する結合能と特異性を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記抗体は、
(1)BMPR1B(骨形態形成タンパク質受容体−IB型、GenBank承認番号NM_001203);
(2)E16(LAT1、SLC7A5、GenBank承認番号NM_003486);
(3)STEAP1(前立腺の6回の膜貫通上皮抗原、GenBank承認番号NM_012449);
(4)0772P(CA125、MUC16、GenBank承認番号AF361486);
(5)MPF(MPF、MSLN、SMR、巨核細胞強化因子、メソテリン、GenBank承認番号NM_005823);
(6)Napi3b(NAPI−3B、NPTIIb、SLC34A2、溶質輸送体族34(リン酸ナトリウム)、構成員2、第II型ナトリウム−依存性ホスフェート輸送体3b、GenBank承認番号NM_006424);
(7)Sema 5b(FLJ10372、KIAA1445、Mm.42015、SEMA5B、SEMAG、セマフォリン5b Hlog、セマドメイン、7個のトロンボスポンジンリピート(第1型および類似第1型)、膜貫通ドメイン(TM)および短い細胞質ドメイン、(セマフォリン)5B、GenBank承認番号AB040878);
(8)PSCA hlg(2700050C12Rik、C530008O16Rik、RIKEN cDNA 2700050C12、RIKEN cDNA 2700050C12遺伝子、GenBank承認番号AY358628);
(9)ETBR(エンドセリンB型受容体、GenBank承認番号AY275463);
(10)MSG783(RNF124、仮想タンパク質FLJ20315、GenBank承認番号NM_017763);
(11)STEAP2(HGNC_8639、IPCA−1、PCANAP1、STAMP1、STEAP2、STMP、前立腺癌関連遺伝子1、前立腺癌関連タンパク質1、前立腺の6回の膜貫通上皮抗原2、6回の膜貫通前立腺タンパク質、GenBank承認番号AF455138);
(12)TrpM4(BR22450、FLJ20041、TRPM4、TRPM4B、一時的受容体潜在的カチオンチャネル、M亜族、構成員4、GenBank承認番号NM_017636);
(13)CRIPTO(CR、CR1、CRGF、CRIPTO、TDGF1、奇形癌腫−由来成長因子、GenBank承認番号NP_003203またはNM_003212);
(14)CD21(CR2(補体受容体2)またはC3DR(C3d/エプスタインバールウイルス受容体)またはHs.73792GenBank承認番号M26004);
(15)CD79b(CD79B、CD79β、IGb(イムノグロブリン−関連ベータ)、B29、GenBank承認番号NM_000626);
(16)FcRH2(IFGP4、IRTA4、SPAP1A(SH2ドメイン含有ホスファターゼ固定タンパク質1a)、SPAP1B、SPAP1C、GenBank承認番号NM_030764);
(17)HER2(GenBank承認番号M11730);
(18)EGFR、HER3およびHER4から選択されるErbB受容体;
(19)NCA(GenBank承認番号M18728);
(20)MDP(GenBank承認番号BC017023);
(21)IL20Rα(GenBank承認番号AF184971);
(22)ブレビカン(GenBank承認番号AF229053);
(23)EphB2R(GenBank承認番号NM_004442);
(24)ASLG659(GenBank承認番号AX092328);
(25)PSCA(GenBank承認番号AJ297436);
(26)GEDA(GenBank承認番号AY260763);
(27)BAFF−R(B細胞活性化因子受容体、BLyS受容体3、BR3、NP_443177.1);
(28)CD22(B−細胞受容体CD22−Bイソ型、NP−001762.1);
(29)CD79a(Igベータ(CD79B)と共有的に相互作用し、IgM分子と表面で複合体を形成するB細胞特異的タンパク質であるCD79A、CD79α、イムノグロブリン−関連アルファは、B細胞分化に関与する信号を伝達する、GenBank承認番号NP_001774.1);
(30)CXCR5(CXCL13ケモカインによって活性化したGタンパク質カップリングされた受容体であるバーキットリンパ種受容体1は、リンパ球の移動および体液性免疫に作用し、HIV−2感染に参加し、AIDS、リンパ種、骨髄腫および白血病の発病と関連があると思われる、GenBank承認番号NP_001707.1);
(31)HLA−DOB(ペプチドに結合しCD4+Tリンパ球に提示する、MHCクラスII分子(Ia抗原)のベータサブユニット、GenBank承認番号NP_002111.1);
(32)P2X5(細胞の他、ATPによってゲートされるイオンチャネルである、プリン性受容体P2Xリガンド−ゲートイオンチャネル5は、シナプス伝達および神経発生に関与することができ、その欠乏は、特発性排尿筋不安定の病態生理に寄与することができる、GenBank承認番号NP_002552.2);
(33)CD72(B−細胞分化抗原CD72、Lyb−2、GenBank承認番号NP_001773.1);
(34)LY64(ロイシンリッチリピート(LRR)族の第I型膜タンパク質である、リンパ球抗原64(RP105)は、B細胞活性化およびアポトーシスを調節し、これの機能喪失は、全身性エリテマトーデス患者の疾病活性増加と関連する、GenBank承認番号NP_005573.1);
(35)FcRH1(C2型Ig−類似およびITAMドメインを含有するイムノグロブリンFcドメインに対する推定的受容体であるFc受容体様タンパク質1は、Bリンパ球分化に関与することができる、GenBank承認番号NP_443170.1);
(36)IRTA2(B細胞発生およびリンパ腫発生に作用することができる推定的免疫数溶体であるイムノグロブリン巨大族受容体転座関連2、転座による前記遺伝子脱調節はいくつかのB細胞悪性腫瘍で起こる、GenBank承認番号NP_112571.1);
(37)TENB2(成長因子のEGF/ヘレグリン族およびホリスタチンと関連のある推定的膜貫通プロテオグリカン、GenBank承認番号AF179274);
(38)MAGE−C1/CT7(精巣腫瘍過発現タンパク質);
(39)アンドロゲン受容体(androgen receptor)、PTEN、ヒトカリクレイン関連ペプチダーゼ3(human kallikrein−related peptidase 3)(前立腺癌で過発現するタンパク質);
(40)CD20;
(41)CD30;
(42)CD33;
(43)CD52;
(44)EpCam;
(45)CEA;
(46)gpA33;
(47)Mucins;
(48)TAG−72;
(49)炭酸脱水酵素IX(Carbonic anhydrase IX);
(50)PSMA;
(51)葉酸受容体(Folate receptor)(FOLR 遺伝子により発現するタンパク質ファミリ。葉酸に高い結合力を有しており、5−メチルテトラヒドロ葉酸を細胞内に運搬する);
(52)ガングリオシド(GD2、GD3、GM2);
(53)糖水化物Lewis−Y;
(54)VEGF;
(55)VEGFR;
(56)aVb3;
(57)a5b1;
(58)ERB3;
(59)c−MET;
(60)EphA3;
(61)TRAIL−R1、TRAIL−R2;
(62)RANKL;
(63)FAP;および
(64)Tenascinから構成された群から選択される一つ以上のターゲットに結合能を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。 - 前記抗体は、可変領域およびIgG2またはIgG4のCH1、CH2およびCH3を含み、または FabおよびIgG2またはIgG4のFcを含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 前記薬物は、モチーフのシステインまたはXに接合されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の抗体−薬物接合体。
- 請求項1〜13のいずれか一項による抗体−薬物接合体を含む癌の予防または治療用組成物。
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