JP2019500015A - 種子コーティング組成物 - Google Patents
種子コーティング組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2019500015A JP2019500015A JP2018522948A JP2018522948A JP2019500015A JP 2019500015 A JP2019500015 A JP 2019500015A JP 2018522948 A JP2018522948 A JP 2018522948A JP 2018522948 A JP2018522948 A JP 2018522948A JP 2019500015 A JP2019500015 A JP 2019500015A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- wax
- coating composition
- seed coating
- seed
- seeds
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing solids as carriers or diluents
- A01N25/10—Macromolecular compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing ingredients to enhance the sticking of the active ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/46—N-acyl derivatives
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
フィルムコーティング配合物を表1に従って調製した。52.7重量%の疎水性殺虫剤及び47.3重量%の殺真菌剤からなるPPP(植物保護製品)カクテルを使用した。ダイズ種子を、43.1重量%のPPPカクテルのスラリー、43.3重量%のフィルムコーティング製剤及び13.6重量%のカラーコートレッド(BASFから得たピグメント濃縮物)を用いコートした; 塗布量は、種子1kg当たり5.5gであり、種子1kg当たり2.38gのフィルムコーティング製剤が塗布された。標準試料は、ダイズ種子を、43.1重量%のPPPカクテル、43.3重量%の水及び13.6重量%のカラーコートレッドからなるスラリーを用いコートすることにより調製した。
フィルムコーティング製剤を、表2及び3に従って調製した。45.2重量%の疎水性殺虫剤、47.3重量%の殺虫剤及び7.5重量%の殺真菌剤からなるPPPカクテルを使用した。コーン種子を、46.3重量%のPPPカクテル、2.7重量%のカラーコートレッド(BASFから得たピグメント濃縮物)、19.4重量%のフィルムコーティング製剤、及び31.6重量%の水のスラリーでコーティングした; 塗布量は、種子1kg当たり16.5gであり、種子1kg当たり3.20gのフィルムコーティング製剤が塗布された。
ダイズバイオアッセイは、51%の沈泥、29%の粘度及び20%の砂からなる土壌混合物中に、処理当たり12個の種子を植えることによって実施した。植物を約20〜25℃で生育させ、1日当たり12時間光に暴露し、毎日給水し、及び1週間に1回肥料を与えた。それぞれ関連する三つ葉(第1から第4)において、合計8枚の葉を、植物1つにつき1つの葉のみを切り取ることで、葉の基部で各処理タイプのために取った。図3は、バイオアッセイのための第1葉のダイズ葉のサンプリング手順を示す。葉は、25℃の密閉トレイ中で直径22mmの1つのダイズ葉に1つのダイズルーパー(Pseudoplusia includens)を置くことによってバイオアッセイし、葉の材料上で4日間飼育することが出来た。その際、葉の消費量及び昆虫の死亡率は各試料で記憶され、ここで各データポイントは、同じ処理の葉8枚の平均である。
コーンバイオアッセイは、51%の沈泥、29%の粘度及び20%の砂からなる土壌混合物中に、処理当たり4個の種子を植えることによって実施した。植物を約20〜25℃で生育させ、1日当たり12時間光に暴露し、毎日給水した。植物生長の典型的な期間は、播種からバイオアッセイのための葉の切り取り(clipping)まで3週間であった。第3及び第4の葉は、第5の葉が依然として輪生(whorl)の中にあった成長段階で切り取られた。図5に示すように、葉に番号を付けた。3枚目の葉を基部から3cmで切り取り及びバイオアッセイように2つの断片(試料1及び2)にさらに分けた。第4葉は基部で切り取られ、図5に示すようにさらに2つの部分に切断された。各処理について、3つの植物からの葉を1回の処理につき合計12試料を採取した。次いで、各試料(4.5cm切片)を別個のバイオアッセイトレイに入れ、一匹のツマジロクサヨトウ(fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda))の第2虫齢幼虫を各トレイに導入した。次いで、トレイを密封し、25℃で4日間静置した。4日後、各処理(12試料)の葉の消費量%を平均して、種々の処理にわたっての有効性を比較した。
活性成分の取り込みを促進することに加えて、新しいフィルムコートはまた、ダイズによって生産されるダストオフ(dust-off)の量を低減することが出来る。100グラムの種子を2分間ホイバッハ(Heubach)試験に2回供し、その結果を平均して100,000種子当たりのダストオフの総量とした(図7)。ダイズの場合において、未処理種子は100,000種子当たり約0.14897gのダストオフを放出し、これは種子がPPP単独又は従来のフィルムコートAで処理された際に、約4倍減少させることが出来る。しかしながら、ワックスをベースにしたフィルムコートB及びフィルムコートFの使用は、PPP単独処理種子のダストよりもさらに、それぞれ4.5倍及び2倍の減少をもたらす。デンプンをベースにしたフィルムコートCはまた、PPP単独処理種子よりも1.5倍ダストの減少を可能にする。
注意深く扱われない場合、活性物質及び他の増強物質(enhancement)で被覆された種子は、大量の種子の取り扱い及びプロセッシング中に有害なレベルのダストをもたらす。フィルムコーティングの主目的の1つは、活性物質を種子に保持させること、操作中にダストを減少させることである。生物有効性を改善することに加えて、フィルムコートはまた、ダストの減少及び耐摩耗性についても試験された。フィルムコートで処理したコーンのダスト及び摩耗データを、業界標準に従って得た。特定量の種子をホイバッハ装置に入れ、4分間試験した。濾紙上に集められたダストを重量測定し、異なるフィルムコート配合物を評価した。
種子の乾燥速度は、フィルムコートを選択する際に考慮されるもう1つの重要な特徴である。乾燥速度は、綿指示薬を用いて確認する。被覆種子は、コーターから出た後、平らなトレイに集められ、タイマーを作動させる。毎回種子トレイで新しい種子の表面に未使用の綿指示薬を置くことによって、乾燥が5〜10秒毎に確認される。種子からの綿指示薬に色移りの兆候がない瞬間にタイマーが止められ、時間が記録される。
種子の乾燥速度は、フィルムコートを選択する際に考慮されるもう1つの重要な特徴である。乾燥速度は、綿指示薬を用いて確認する。被覆種子は、コーターから出た後、平らなトレイに集められ、タイマーを作動させる。毎回種子トレイで新しい種子の表面に未使用の綿指示薬を置くことによって、乾燥が5〜10秒毎に確認される。種子からの綿指示薬に色移りの兆候がない瞬間にタイマーが止められ、時間が記録される。
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