JP2019215272A - Fitting structure - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fitting structure of a long member capable of detecting physical change while maintaining strength.SOLUTION: In a fitting structure of a long member for attaching an attachment body by fitting the attachment body to the long member by engaging a locking part provided in the long member with a locked part of the attachment body, the long member includes: a shaft part which is longer in an axial direction than a maximum dimension of an outer shape in an axial orthogonal direction; physical change detection means provided on an outer peripheral surface of the shaft part to detect a physical change in the shaft part; and a terminal formed on one end part side of the shaft part to output detection information detected by the physical change detection means. In the fitting structure of the long member, the detection information is outputted to the attachment body side through the terminal when the attachment body is attached.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to buildings and buildings (buildings and buildings) such as residential houses, apartment buildings, buildings and the like, bridges, steel towers, railways, pipelines, plants, power plants, wind power generators, solar power generators, and the like. Collectively referred to as buildings.), Members used for them (building materials and structural materials, etc.), industrial machines such as construction machines and machine tools, other machinery and equipment, components constituting them, fastening members (screw, tack, Various transportation means (rockets, aircraft, submarines, ships, trains, buses, trucks, passenger cars, motorcycles, bicycles, elevators, etc.), knives, etc., office and household equipment, daily necessities, and children The present invention relates to a fitting structure of a long member that integrates a mounting member with a long member such as a fastening member, a pipe, a reinforcing bar, or a steel frame used for various tools such as play equipment.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been proposed an axial force detecting bolt for monitoring loosening of a tightening axial force of a fastening body such as a bolt (for example, see Patent Document 1). Such an axial force detection bolt is formed by mounting a pin-type load cell or IC tag in the internal space, and measures the axial force of the bolt using strain data output from the load cell.

JP 2010-216804 A

However, the conventional axial force detection bolt requires an internal space for mounting the load cell, has a hollow inside the bolt, and has a smaller cross-sectional area than a normal bolt, resulting in a decrease in strength. Also, there is a problem that loosening and breaking are likely to occur. Moreover, since intensity | strength falls, there exists a problem that it is difficult to use as a substitute of a normal volt | bolt. Since the structure is complicated and complicated even when assembled, there is a problem that it is unsuitable for mass production, is expensive and cannot be spread. Moreover, since the load cell is only embedded in the narrow hole drilled inside the conventional bolt shaft, bending or the like cannot be detected even if the expansion and contraction of the shaft portion can be detected.
In addition, since the load cell is embedded in the narrow hole, the long bolt in the metric unit cannot drill the deep hole and cannot handle the long shaft length. there were.

  The present invention has been made in earnest by the present inventors in view of the above problems, and has an object to provide a fitting structure of a long member capable of detecting a physical change while maintaining strength. And

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the mounting member is fitted to the long member by engaging a locking portion provided on the long member with a locked portion of the mounting member. A fitting structure of a long member to be fitted and mounted, wherein the long member has a shaft portion having a length in the axial direction longer than a maximum dimension of an outer shape in a direction perpendicular to the shaft, and the shaft portion. A physical change detecting means provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft for detecting a physical change of the shaft, and a detection information detected by the physical change detecting means formed on one end of the shaft. And when the mounting body is mounted, the detection information is output to the mounting body side via the terminal.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member of the present invention, the locking portion may include an insertion opening into which the locked portion can be inserted, and a regulating end portion that can regulate the position of the locked portion. Have.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member of the present invention, the locked portion has an insertion opening through which the locking portion can be inserted, and a regulating end portion that can regulate the position of the locking portion. .

  Further, the fitting structure of the elongated member according to the present invention includes a first guide portion recessed along the axial direction between the insertion port and the regulating end portion, and the first guide portion. And a second guide portion which is continuous with the second guide portion and is provided along the circumferential direction.

  Further, in the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the shaft portion has a widened portion on one end side, and the widened portion has the locking portion on a peripheral surface thereof and the peripheral surface and / or the top. And the terminal on a surface.

  In the fitting structure of the long member of the present invention, the widened portion has a fitting portion that protrudes in an axial direction from an end surface thereof, and the fitting portion can be fitted with the mounting body. The terminal is formed on an outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion, and the terminal is formed on an outer peripheral surface and / or an end surface of the fitting portion.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the widened portion has a concave fitting portion with which the mounting body can be fitted, and the locking portion is formed of the fitting portion. The terminal is formed on a peripheral surface, and the terminal is disposed on a bottom surface and / or an inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the shaft portion has a flat portion, and the physical change detecting means is formed on the flat portion.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member according to the present invention, the shaft portion may have a reduced area in a partial area along the axial direction, and the reduced area may have an outer shape perpendicular to the axis. The plane portion is formed in the contracted portion, being smaller than a maximum dimension.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the shaft portion has a series of conductive portions on the flat portion for electrically connecting the physical change detecting means and the terminals.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member according to the present invention, the outer surface of the shaft portion may include a parallel surface parallel to the axis and a perpendicular surface orthogonal to the parallel surface, and a path in which the conductive portion is formed. The upper boundary between the parallel plane and the orthogonal plane forms a curved surface.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member of the present invention, the terminal is connected to a mounting body side terminal of the mounting body, and the detection information is transmitted to the mounting body side via the terminal and the mounting side terminal. Is transmitted.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the mounting body is mounted via an interposition portion.

  Further, in the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the intervening portion abuts on the mounting body and the long member in an air-tight or liquid-tight manner.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the interposition part is an elastic body that urges the mounting body and / or the long member, and the elastic body is provided with the locking part. The mounting member and / or the elongated member are biased in a direction in which the locked portion is engaged.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the intervening portion is endless.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, the mounting member surrounds at least a part of the long member.

  Further, the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention has a tubular body in which the mounting body can surround the long member, and a lid closing an opening of the tubular body.

  Further, in the fitting structure of the elongated member of the present invention, the mounting body has a tubular body that can surround the elongated member, and the tubular body includes a plate-shaped portion that partitions an internal space. Equipped.

  In the fitting structure for a long member according to the present invention, a terminal for outputting the detection information is formed on the other end of the shaft.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fitting structure of the elongate member which can detect a physical change, maintaining the intensity | strength of a member itself can be provided.

It is a perspective view which shows the deformation | transformation detection volt | bolt which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the head of the deformation | transformation detection volt | bolt which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure showing the axis of the deformation detection bolt concerning this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a head cap. It is sectional drawing which shows the head equipped with the head cap. It is a figure which shows the position of the latching piece in the latching groove at the time of mounting | wearing with a head cap. It is a figure which shows the position of the latching piece in the latching groove at the time of removing a head cap from a head. It is a block diagram which shows the circuit board mounted in a head cap. It is a figure which shows the other example of a deformation | transformation bolt. It is a figure which shows the other example of a elongate member. It is a figure which shows the other example of the head of a deformation | transformation detection bolt. It is a figure which shows the other example of the head of a deformation | transformation detection bolt. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the head cap which consists of a some member. It is a figure which shows the other example of the latching groove formed in the fitting part of a head. It is a figure which shows the other example of the latching groove formed in the fitting part of a head.

  Hereinafter, a deformation detection bolt 1 as a long member of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a deformation detection bolt 1 according to this embodiment. The deformation detection bolt 1 has a head portion 2 and a shaft portion 4 and includes a configuration capable of detecting a stress such as a bending stress, a compressive stress, and a tensile stress applied to the member itself. In addition, a head cap 6 (attachment body), which is a separate body, is attached (fitted) to the head 2 on the deformation detection bolt 1.

  FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the head 2 of the deformation detection bolt 1 according to the present embodiment. The head 2 has a hexagonal outer peripheral shape, and has three pairs of flat widths. The head 2 has an outer shape that has a maximum dimension in the direction perpendicular to the axis perpendicular to the axis as compared with the shaft 4, that is, a length (width) in the direction perpendicular to the axis as compared with the shaft 4. The head 2 has a concave and energized passage arrangement portion 10 that is a series over one surface and a seating surface of the outer peripheral surface. Moreover, it has the fitting part 12 which can fit the head cap 6 in an edge part.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the shaft portion 4 of the deformation detection bolt 1 according to the present embodiment, and a sensor pattern 32 described later is omitted in FIG. The shaft portion 4 has an outer shape that is longer in the axial direction than the maximum dimension in the direction perpendicular to the axis. The shaft portion 4 includes a cylindrical portion 20 disposed on the base or seat surface side of the head portion 2 and a screw portion 22 having a male screw spiral groove formed on the outer peripheral surface. That is, in the shaft part 4, the cylindrical part 20 is located on one end side where the head part 2 exists, and the screw part 22 is located on the other end side.

  The cylindrical portion 20 has a columnar outer peripheral shape, and has a contracted portion 20a whose outer shape is reduced so that a part of the entire region has a constriction. The contracted portion 20a is set to have a length in the direction perpendicular to the axis so as to be about the root diameter or effective diameter of the male thread of the threaded portion 22, and in this embodiment, is substantially the same as the effective diameter of the male thread. The cylindrical portion 20 has a sensor placement portion 24 that is recessed with respect to the outer peripheral surface. The sensor disposing portion 24 has a flat bottom surface portion, and extends from the intermediate portion of the contracted portion 20a toward the head 2 along the axial direction.

  Next, the energizing path arranging part 10 and the fitting part 12 of the head 2 will be described. In the energization path arrangement portion 10 shown in FIG. 2, the bottom surface portion of the concave cross section is planar, and the energization path 34 is directly formed on the bottom surface portion. The energization path disposition portion 10 is set in the extending direction so as to extend along the axial direction on the outer peripheral surface of the head 2 and to extend in a direction orthogonal to the axial direction on the seating surface. In addition, if the energization path arrangement | positioning part 10 is a series over the outer peripheral surface and seating surface of the head 2 at least, it extends in the direction inclined with respect to the axial direction in an outer peripheral surface, etc., and the extending direction is set suitably. It is possible. In addition, the depth, width, and the like of the current path arrangement unit 10 can be appropriately set.

  The fitting portion 12 has a cylindrical shape protruding in the axial direction from the end surface (end portion) of the head 2. The fitting portion 12 has a plurality of locking grooves (locking portions) 14 on the outer peripheral surface shown in FIG. Furthermore, a terminal 30 electrically connected to the energizing path 34 is directly formed on the end face of the fitting portion 12.

  The locking groove 14 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion 12 allows the locking piece 6 a (see FIG. 4) of the head cap 6 to be inserted thereinto, and an insertion opening 14 a formed at the edge of the fitting portion 12. And a regulating end 14b formed on the end side to regulate the movement of the locking piece 6a in a predetermined direction.

  Specifically, the locking groove 14 has a substantially L shape, and includes an axial guide portion 15 and a circumferential guide portion 16. The axial guide portion 15 extends from the insertion opening 14a along the axis, and guides the axial movement of the locking piece 6a. The circumferential direction guide part 16 is curved or bent along the circumferential direction with respect to the axial direction guide part 15, and forms a regulating end part 14b on the terminal end side. The restricting end portion 14b is a bent portion so as to extend toward the top surface side of the head 2 along the axial direction. When the locking piece 6a is fitted into the regulating end portion 14b, movement of the locking piece 6a in the axial direction and the circumferential direction can be regulated.

  FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing the head cap 6, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the head 2 to which the head cap 6 is attached. The head cap 6 is attached to the fitting portion 12 of the head 2 and includes a plurality of protrusion-shaped locking pieces 6a (locked portions) on the inner peripheral surface.

  The head cap 6 is attached to the head 2 with the interposition member 8 interposed. Here, the interposed member 8 is a so-called seal member, packing, or the like, and is made of a flexible material, for example, an elastic body such as rubber or silicone. Of course, the flexible member here is not limited to a resin material, and may be any member that can be elastically deformed and / or plastically deformed to obtain a strong fitting state, and is not particularly limited.

  The thickness and the like of the interposition member 8 are set so that when the head cap 6 is fitted into the head 2, the interposition member 8 can be compressed and deformed by being sandwiched between the head 2 and the head cap 6. The interposition member 8 has an endless shape and abuts the head 2 and the head cap 6 in a watertight (liquid-tight) or airtight manner.

  Therefore, when attaching the head cap 6 to the head 2, first, the interposition member 8 is attached to the fitting portion 12 so as to be fitted to the outer periphery. Next, the head cap 6 is fitted and attached so as to cover the fitting portion 12. At this time, the head cap 6 is moved in the axial direction and the circumferential direction so that the locking piece 6 a can move along the locking groove 14. That is, the head cap 6 is put on the fitting portion 12, and the locking piece 6a enters the axial guide portion 15 from the insertion port 14a as shown in FIG. The head cap 6 is pushed in so as to move to the part. At this time, the interposition member 8 is elastically deformed and / or plastically deformed so that the head cap 6 can be pressed away from the head 2, that is, the top surface of the head 2.

  Next, while maintaining the state in which the head cap 6 is pushed in, the head is moved so that the locking piece 6a moves along the circumferential guide 16 from the axial guide 15 as shown in FIG. The section cap 6 is rotated relatively to the fitting section 12. Therefore, the locking piece 6a moves to the regulating end portion 14b side. When the state in which the head cap 6 is pushed in is released, the head cap 6 is pressed away from the head 2 by the biasing force of the interposition member 8, and the locking piece 6a is as shown in FIG. 6 (c). It fits into the restricting end portion 14b and the movement in the axial direction and the circumferential direction is restricted.

  Therefore, the head 2 and the head cap 6 are in a fitted state, and the rotation of the head cap 6 is relatively restricted with respect to the head 2, and the axial movement of the head cap 6 is restricted with respect to the head 2. To the head 2. In addition, since the interposed member 8 is disposed between the head 2 and the head cap 6 in a compressed state, the space between the head cap 6 and the head 2 (fitting portion 12) is watertight. It is blocked in a (liquid-tight) state or an air-tight state.

  When removing the head cap 6, first, the head cap 6 is deformed so as to resist the urging force of the interposition member 8 so that the engagement between the locking piece 6a and the regulating end 14b is released. Press to the detection bolt 1 side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7A, the locking piece 6a moves to a position where the fitting with the regulating end 14b is released, and the fitting state is released.

  Next, while pressing the head cap 6, the head cap 6 is turned in a direction opposite to the turning direction when the head cap 6 is attached to the fitting portion 12. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 7B, the locking piece 6 a moves along the circumferential guide portion 16 toward the axial guide portion 15. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7C, the locking piece 6 a can move toward the insertion port 14 a along the axial guide portion 15, and the head cap 6 can be removed from the head 2.

  Next, the sensor arrangement section 24 of the shaft section 4 will be described. The sensor placement portion 24 is formed, for example, in a concave shape with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 4 so that the bottom surface and the current path placement portion 10 are substantially flush with each other. A sensor pattern 32 for constituting a physical change detecting means for detecting a physical change of the shaft portion 4 is directly formed on the bottom surface of the sensor arrangement portion 24. Specifically, the sensor pattern 32 is made of a conductive material, and includes a sensor structure portion that reciprocates a plurality of times in the axial direction, and a lead portion that extends from the sensor structure portion toward the head 2 side. Therefore, the electrical characteristics such as resistance value of the sensor pattern 32 change with the deformation of the conductive material in the sensor structure portion. By detecting this change in electrical characteristics, it can be used as various sensors for detecting physical changes.

  It should be noted that the physical change detected by the change in the electrical characteristics may be a heat / temperature change, a humidity change, or the like. For example, when the environmental temperature is measured from a change in the electrical resistance value of the sensor pattern 32, it means that the sensor pattern 32 is used as a component part of a so-called resistance thermometer. Similarly, the humidity may be measured as a resistance change type electric humidity sensor. Such a sensor pattern 32 is connected to an energizing path 34 formed on the head 2 side so as to be energized.

  Next, an example of forming the terminal 30, the sensor pattern 32, and the conducting path 34 will be described. First, the terminal 30, the sensor pattern 32, and the energization path 34 are formed directly on the surface of the deformation detection bolt 1. For example, when the base material of the deformation detection bolt 1 has conductivity, an electric insulating layer is formed on the surface of the deformation detection bolt 1, and the terminal 30 is made of a material having good electric conductivity such as a conductive material on the electric insulation layer. Then, a conductive portion that forms a pattern of the sensor pattern 32 and the energization path 34 is formed.

  The electric insulating layer can be formed by using, for example, lamination printing, pad printing, painting, plating, inkjet printing, sputtering, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD), or the like. Or, for example, an insulating material is formed by sputtering in a state where a predetermined mask is disposed, a silica material is applied and heat-treated, or a polyimide-based, epoxy-based, urethane-based, silicone-based, fluorine-based organic insulating material, etc. For example, a method of forming a layer may be used.

  When the base material of the deformation detecting bolt 1, that is, the head portion 2 or the shaft portion 4 has electrical conductivity, the surface of the base material may be oxidized to form an oxide film to form an electrical insulating layer. In addition, when the base material is aluminum, an electrical insulating layer may be provided by anodizing. Of course, the electrical insulating layer is not limited to those formed by these methods. Further, when the base material of the deformation detection bolt 1 has electrical insulation, an electrical insulation layer is not formed, and a conductive portion that directly forms the terminal 30, sensor pattern 32, and current path 34 pattern is formed on the base material. Also good.

  The conductive portion is formed directly on the electric insulating layer by lamination printing using a conductive paste, pad printing, painting, plating, inkjet printing, sputtering, CVD, PVD, or the like. Further, the shape of the wiring may be set by etching the conductive portion by performing masking according to the shape of the terminal 30, the sensor pattern 32, and the energization path 34. By forming the conductive portion directly on the electrical insulating layer in this way, the conductive portion is prevented from peeling for a long time.

  Of course, the terminal 30, the sensor pattern 32, and the conducting path 34 may be formed in series on the deformation detecting bolt 1. In that case, the boundary portions 2a and 2b between the parallel surface parallel to the axis existing in the axial direction of the deformation detection bolt 1 and the orthogonal surface substantially orthogonal to the parallel surface are subjected to processing such as round chamfering to form a curved surface. Is preferred. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, it is preferable that the top surface and the outer peripheral surface of the head 2 and the boundary portions 2 a between the seating surface and the outer peripheral surface of the head 2 have a curved shape. Further, it is preferable that a boundary portion 2b between the head 2 and the shaft portion 4 has a curved surface shape. In this way, it is possible to form the conductive portion more easily than when the conductive portion is formed on the surface where the space between the parallel plane and the orthogonal plane is square.

  As described above, since the sensor pattern 32, the conducting path 34, and the terminal 30 are formed on the outer surface of the deformation detection bolt 1 which is the pattern forming target, the sensing function does not cause any problem even if the target is extremely long. Can be obtained.

  The terminals 30, the sensor patterns 32, and the conducting paths 34 described above are connected so as to be able to conduct electricity. Therefore, when the terminals 30 are connected to a circuit board (not shown), the sensor patterns 32 are operated by an arithmetic circuit or the like mounted on the circuit board. , It is possible to acquire detection information based on the change in the resistance value. For such a circuit board, for example, an IC chip or the like can be used.

  Here, the configuration of the circuit board 40 mounted on the head cap 6 will be described with reference to the block diagram of FIG. The circuit board 40 mounted on the head cap 6 includes a terminal 40a that can be electrically connected to the terminal 30 and an antenna 41 for wireless communication. Further, the circuit board 40 includes an arithmetic circuit 42, and a sensor processing unit 44, a transmission circuit 46, a reception circuit 48, a power supply unit 50, a memory 52, and the like are connected to the arithmetic circuit 42.

  The sensor processing unit 44 includes a bridge circuit, an amplifier, an A / D converter, and the like, and outputs detection information obtained by digitizing a detection signal that has detected a change in the resistance value of the sensor pattern 32. The transmission circuit 46 transmits the detection information transmitted from the sensor processing unit 44 to the outside via the antenna 41. The receiving circuit 48 receives various signals from the outside via the antenna 41. The power supply unit 50 is connected to, for example, an external power source and supplies power to each unit of the circuit board 40.

  The memory 52 previously stores an identifier (ID) assigned to each head cap 6, an initial resistance value of the sensor pattern 32 when no axial force is applied to the deformation detection bolt 1, and the like. The output detection information and the like are stored. Of course, the information stored in the memory 52 can be set as appropriate and is not particularly limited.

  The method of supplying power to the power supply unit 50 from the outside may be a method in which a battery, a storage battery, a solar power generation element, or the like is built in and supplied from there. Alternatively, a method using wireless power transmission via the antenna 41 may be used. The wireless power transmission method may be any method such as “electromagnetic induction method”, “magnetic resonance method”, “microwave method”, and the like, and may be set as appropriate according to the use environment.

  For example, when the head cap 6 is mounted on the head 2 as shown in FIG. 5, the circuit board 40 is provided inside the head cap 6 so that the terminal 40a and the terminal 30 are electrically connected. Will be arranged. Therefore, the circuit board 40 is disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the head cap 6 and / or the inner bottom. At this time, the terminals 30, 40a may be electrically connected to each other by direct contact or via a conductive member, or may be connected by any method.

  For example, when a leaf spring as a conductive member is applied, one end of the leaf spring is fixed to the terminal 40a, and when the head cap 6 is attached to the head 2, the leaf spring is compressed and If the portion is brought into contact with the terminal 30, the terminals 30, 40a can be reliably connected to each other so as to be able to conduct electricity.

  Detection of deformation of the deformation detection bolt 1 using the circuit board 40 will be described. The deformation detection bolt 1 is a member to be fastened (for example, an H-shaped steel, a C-shaped steel, a T-shaped steel, an I-shaped steel, a circular shape, or the like used in a building such as a building, a bridge, a rail, a road, an elevated road, or a house. It can be used for tubular steel such as square, wall material, concrete material, wood, etc.) and can be used in the same manner as a so-called general bolt. Therefore, when the deformation detection bolt 1 is inserted into the fastened member and tightened, the deformation detection bolt 1 receives an axial force and extends in the axial direction. At this time, since the sensor pattern 32 is directly formed on the shaft portion 4, the sensor pattern 32 extends in the axial direction as the deformation detection bolt 1 extends. Accordingly, the sensor pattern 32 increases in length and also increases in resistance because the cross-sectional area decreases.

  Accordingly, the arithmetic circuit 40 uses the sensor processing unit 44 to detect the deformation of the sensor pattern 32 and to detect a resistance change (voltage change) via the terminal 30 and the terminal 40a. Further, the arithmetic circuit 42 outputs detection information by calculation using the detected resistance change. The transmission circuit 46 transmits the detection information to the external device via the antenna 41.

  Thus, the external device can monitor the deformation of the deformation detection bolt 1 and specify the axial force or the temperature of the deformation detection bolt 1 using the detection information. Note that the transmission circuit 46 may read the ID from the memory 52 and add the ID to the detection information when the detection information is transmitted to the external device by the transmission circuit 46.

  The measurement that can be performed by using the detection information includes mechanical quantity measurement, heat / temperature measurement, electric measurement, and magnetic measurement. Mechanical quantity measurement includes forces such as strain gauges, load cells, semiconductor pressure sensors, and the like. Thermal / temperature measurement can be realized by forming contacts at both ends of current conducting paths with different thermistors, resistance thermometers, thermocouples (in this case, hot and cold junctions). )) Etc. are included. Electrical measurements include electric field, current, voltage, power, etc. Magnetic measurement includes a magnetic sensor and the like.

  Measurements that can be executed in combination with the detection information and other information include mechanical quantity measurement, heat / temperature measurement, light / radiation measurement, electric measurement, magnetic measurement, chemical measurement, and the like. The mechanical quantity measurement includes acceleration such as an acceleration sensor, vibration such as sound waves (microphones) and ultrasonic waves. The heat / temperature measurement includes contact sensing such as a thermistor, resistance thermometer, thermocouple, and non-contact sensing such as a radiation thermometer. Light / radiation measurement includes light detection of an optical sensor, a photoelectric element, a photodiode, etc., infrared detection, radiation detection, and the like. Electrical measurements include electric field, current, voltage, power, etc. Magnetic measurement includes a magnetic sensor and the like. Chemical measurement includes odor detection, ion concentration detection, gas concentration detection, and the like.

  Further, sensors realized using the sensor pattern 32 or sensors realized in cooperation with other circuits and elements include time sensors for measuring time, optical position sensors (PSD), position sensors such as limit switches, Distance sensors such as acoustic distance meter, capacitance displacement meter, optical distance measuring, electromagnetic wave distance measuring, displacement sensor such as differential transformer and linear encoder, speed sensor such as laser Doppler vibrometer, laser Doppler current meter, potentiometer , Rotation angle sensors such as rotation angle sensors, rotation speed sensors such as tachogenerators and rotary encoders, gyro sensors, one-dimensional images angular velocity sensors such as linear image sensors, two-dimensional image sensors such as CCD image sensors and CMOS image sensors, and stereos Image sensor, liquid leakage sensor (leak sensor), liquid detection sensor (level Sensors), a hardness sensor, a humidity sensor, a flow rate sensor, a tilt sensor, an earthquake sensor, and the like.

  Further, the use of the strain sensor realized using the sensor pattern 32 includes load measurement (load cell), displacement measurement, vibration measurement, acceleration measurement, torque measurement (transducer), pressure measurement, Coriolis force measurement, and the like. Including. In addition, the environmental temperature may be measured from a change in the electric resistance value of the sensor pattern 32. In this case, it means that the sensor pattern 32 is used as a so-called resistance thermometer, and it is preferable to select a portion where the sensor pattern 32 is formed so as not to be affected by thermal expansion and contraction or deformation.

  For example, a material having a thermal expansion coefficient of substantially zero in a finite predetermined temperature range, specifically, a perovskite-based material or a bismuth-lanthanum-nickel-oxide-based material may be used. A material having an expansion coefficient and a material having an absolute value almost equal to this and having a positive thermal expansion coefficient are combined, or a positive composite and a negative thermal expansion material are combined into a fine structure to form a nanocomposite. Alternatively, a material configured to have a coefficient of thermal expansion of zero may be used in combination. In this way, it is possible to clearly distinguish the change in the electrical resistance value of the sensor pattern 32 due to the deformation of the base material due to the external force and the change in the electrical resistance value of the sensor pattern 32 due to the change in the environmental temperature. .

  Further, a piezoelectric element is disposed in the sensor disposition portion 24 or on a base material that is a different place from the sensor disposition portion 24, or the sensor disposition portion 24 having the piezoelectric element structure is provided. Is possible. If the sensor arrangement portion 24 having the piezoelectric element or the piezoelectric element structure is provided in the sensor arrangement portion 24, an external force applied to the sensor arrangement portion 24 having the piezoelectric element or the piezoelectric element structure is sensed or accompanying a pressure change. Piezoelectric current (electromotive force) generated in this way can be used for the operation of a circuit or the like. For example, a sensor arrangement portion 24 having a piezoelectric element or a piezoelectric element structure is provided in a place where it can be sandwiched between a base material and an external member, and an electromotive force is generated in the piezoelectric element by using a change in the clamping force (for example, vibration). The electromotive force can be used as a power source.

  Similarly, it is also possible to provide the sensor disposition portion 24 having a Peltier element or a Peltier element structure in the sensor disposition portion 24 or on a base material at a different place from the sensor disposition portion 24. If the sensor arrangement part 24 having a Peltier element or a Peltier element structure is provided in the sensor arrangement part 24, a temperature difference can be generated in the base material or between the base material and the external member. For example, a sensor arrangement part 24 having a Peltier element or a Peltier element structure is arranged in a place where a temperature change is likely to occur, and a temperature difference depending on the place is forced by energizing the sensor arrangement part 24 having a Peltier element or Peltier element structure. The temperature difference can be eliminated. That is, in a place where a temperature difference occurs, a Peltier element or a heat absorption part of the sensor arrangement part 24 having a Peltier element structure is provided on the high temperature side of the generated temperature difference, and a heat generating part is provided on the low temperature side. When the power is supplied to the sensor or the sensor arrangement part 24 having the Peltier element structure, the original high temperature side is cooled, and at the same time, the low temperature side is heated to eliminate the temperature difference, but the high temperature side and the low temperature side are switched. By reversing the energization direction, the heat absorption side and the heat generation side can be alternated. Therefore, if this alternation is controlled, it becomes possible to control the desired temperature by heating or cooling an appropriate part. Of course, the original high temperature side may be heated and the low temperature side may be cooled. Moreover, a heat sink can be provided in the heat generating part of the sensor arrangement part 24 having a Peltier element or a Peltier element structure to improve heat dissipation. The sensor arrangement portion 24 having a Peltier element structure has a PN junction of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor connected in series, a region formed by a set of junctions in which the energization direction is N → P, and an energization direction of P → It can be configured by providing a region formed by a set of junctions to be N. For example, various types of conventionally known semiconductor materials of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor are appropriately stacked in a region, and N → It can also be configured by providing a conductive material such as metal or a semiconductor material in the lamination process at each of the P junction and the P → N junction.

  As a method for specifying the axial force using the detection information, for example, a correspondence table between the axial force and the amount of change in the resistance value of the sensor pattern 34 is created in advance for each size of the deformation detection bolt, and the correspondence table is created. The axial force according to the detection information may be acquired by referring to the axial force. If such a correspondence table is stored in the memory 52, the axial force corresponding to the detection information can be specified on the arithmetic circuit 42 side. Of course, the axial force may be calculated by calculation and calculating.

  As described above, by attaching the head cap 6, which is a separate body, to the deformation detection bolt 1 in which the terminal 30, the sensor pattern 32, and the conduction path 34 are formed directly on the outer peripheral surface, the deformation detection bolt 1 and the head are connected. The circuit cap 40 of the unit cap 6 can be connected, and the deformation of the deformation detecting bolt 1 can be detected. Moreover, since the circuit board 40 is not mounted on the deformation detection bolt 1, there is no need to provide a space for mounting the circuit board 40 inside the bolt or the like, and the strength of the deformation detection bolt 1 is maintained and the deformation detection bolt 1 is maintained. 1 can be used as an alternative to normal bolts. Moreover, the manufacturing cost of the deformation detection bolt 1 itself can be suppressed.

  In addition, since the head cap 6 requires an operation for detaching from the outside, when the head cap 6 is detached from the head 2, it can be immediately recognized that an operation has been performed from the outside, and the head cap 6 can be fitted. Depending on the setting of the required force, once the head cap 6 is removed from the head 2, it can be irreversible, and in this case, the initial opening confirmation function can be provided It becomes.

The head cap 6 is mounted by rotating in a predetermined direction while being pressed toward the head 2 side. The head cap 6 is engaged with the head 2 so that the head cap 6 is detached from the head 2. It can be prevented from coming off.
Moreover, since the head cap 6 requires an operation to be removed from the outside, when the head cap 6 is detached from the head 2, it can be immediately recognized that the operation has been performed from the outside.

Further, since the terminal 30 and the circuit board 40 are accommodated in the space between the head 2 and the head cap 6, the deformation detection bolt 1 is brought into contact with other members due to an accident during transportation or the like, or dropped. Even if it is done, damage to the terminal 30 and the circuit board 40 can be prevented. Further, since the interposition member 8 is in liquid-tight or air-tight contact with the head 2 and the head cap 6, the circuit board 40 is prevented from entering foreign matter into the space between the head 2 and the head cap 6. It is possible to maintain a conductive state.
In addition, since the deformation detection bolt 1 and the head cap 6 are separated, it is easier to produce than a circuit-integrated deformation detection bolt in which a circuit board is arranged in the deformation detection bolt, and mass production at low cost is possible. Can be made possible.

  Although the deformation detecting bolt 1 has been described as an example of the long member, the present invention is not limited to this. The conductive member can be formed on the surface of an insulating member or a member on which an electric insulating layer is formed. If so, it may be applied to fastening members other than bolts. For example, nails (see FIG. 9 (a)), scissors (see FIG. 9 (b)), rivets, screws, etc., micro screws, fine screws, washers built-in screws, tapping screws, tap tights, high-tech screws, drill screws , Tamperproof Screws, Hex Bolts, Hex Socket Head Cap Screws, Low Head Bolts, Small Diameter Bolts, Through Hole Bolts, Hex Socket Head Cap Screws, Hex Socket Head Countersunk Bolts, Unified Screws, Inch Screws, Wit Screws, Set Screws, Full Screws , Stud bolts, butterfly bolts, thumb screws, cosmetic screws, square bolts, round bolts, resin screws, ceramic screws, captive screws, shoulder bolts, eye bolts, den bolts, piping U bolts, wood screws, coach screws, coarse threads, light It can be applied to top screws, universal screws, connecting bracket bolts, other woodworking screws, stud fastening screws, and the like.

  In addition, when the present invention is applied to a stud bolt or a double-end threaded bolt such as a double end thread, at least one end of the both ends of the bolt 100 having the screw portion 22a as shown in FIG. , Terminals 30 on which the terminals 30 can be directly formed. In addition, the energizing path disposing portion 10 is recessed in the circumferential surface on one end side so as to cross the screw portion 22a along the axial direction. The current passage arrangement portion 10 is set so that the bottom surface portion does not contact the thread of the nut even when the nut is screwed into the screw portion 22a. That is, the position of the bottom surface portion of the energizing path arrangement portion 10 is set so that the distance from the axis of the screw portion 22a is equal to or less than the root diameter of the screw portion 22a.

  Therefore, even if a nut (female screw) is screwed into one end of the bolt 100 where the energization path disposing portion 10 is recessed, the energization path 34 is always separated from the nut. Therefore, damage due to contact with the nut is reliably prevented. The stud bolt 100 has been described as having the current-carrying path arrangement portion 10 on one end side, but is not limited to this and may be provided on both end portions. Moreover, the terminal 30 and the current path 34 may be disposed at both ends of the bolt 100.

  The elongated member used in the present invention is a member other than the fastening member, for example, a reinforcing bar shown in FIG. 10A, a columnar member shown in FIG. 10B, and a prismatic member shown in FIG. It may be a member or the like. In addition, the position of the terminal 30 of each elongate member is not limited to the end surface of the fitting part 12, and may be another position. The position of the terminal 30 is preferably at the end of the elongated member. For example, the terminal 30 may be formed on the end face at a position avoiding the fitting portion 12 shown in FIG. The terminal 30 may be formed on the peripheral surface of the fitting portion 12 shown in FIG. Of course, you may arrange | position the terminal 30 over the end surface and peripheral surface of the fitting part 12. FIG. Moreover, if it is an edge part of an elongate member, peripheral surfaces other than an end surface etc. may be sufficient.

  Other components that can be used as the long member may include members used for buildings and mechanical components. Examples of linear motion parts include linear shafts, linear bushes, oil-free bushes, ball guides, splines, linear guides, guide rails, cross rollers, cross roller tables, linear ball slides, linear rails, power cylinders and jacks. The rotating parts include a rotating shaft and a driving shaft. Examples of the connecting / link mechanism parts include a fulcrum stepped screw, a hinge pin, a hinge base, a hinge bolt, a link, a connecting rod, a link cable, and a link wire.

  The transmission components include a rigid coupling, a universal joint, a chain bolt, and the like. Pneumatic devices include cylinders, lubricators, piping joints, and the like. Examples of piping parts include steel pipes, copper pipes, stainless steel pipes, and resin pipes. Fittings include threaded fittings, hose fittings, stainless steel pipe fittings, copper pipe fittings, steel pipe fittings, welded fittings, rotary joints, swivel joints, mechanical pipe fittings, resin pipe fittings, telescopic fittings, PVC pipe fittings , A coupler joint, a one-touch joint, and the like. Further, it may be applied to sporting goods such as bats, bamboo swords, rackets, etc. as long members, may be applied to stringed instruments, wind instruments, percussion instruments, etc., and may be applied to scissors used for percussion instruments. .

  Further, the head 2 of the deformation detection bolt 1 does not limit the outer shape. For example, instead of the fitting portion 12, a concave fitting portion 60 that is recessed with respect to the top surface of the head 2 as shown in FIG. In this case, the outer shape of the head 2 may be a circular shape, and the inner periphery of the concave fitting portion 60 may be a hexagonal shape so that a so-called hexagon socket head cap screw may be used.

  The terminal 30 is formed directly on the bottom surface of the fitting portion 60, and the head cap 6 has an outer shape that can fit in the fitting portion 60, so that the head cap 6 is inserted into the fitting portion 60 and attached. May be. In this case, if the locking piece 62 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion 60 and the locking groove 64 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the head cap 6, the locking piece 62 fits into the locking groove 64, The head cap 6 can be fixed to the head 2.

The head 2 may have a shape that does not have the fitting portion 12, and the terminal 30 may be directly formed on the end face as shown in FIG. Needless to say, the position of the terminal 30 is not limited to the top surface, but may be the circumferential surface of the head.
When the terminal 30 is directly provided on the top surface and / or the peripheral surface of the head 2, a locking groove corresponding to the locking groove 14 may be provided on the peripheral surface of the head 2. As a result, the head cap 6 can be mounted on the head 2.

  The head 2 may have a width of the outer circumference substantially equal to the width of the outer circumference of the shaft portion 4 as shown in FIG. 12 (a), or the width of the shaft portion 4 as shown in FIG. It may be smaller than the width of the outer circumference. A locking groove 66 may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of the head 2. In that case, the locking piece 64 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the head cap 6, the locking piece 64 is engaged with the locking groove 66, and the head cap 6 is mounted on the head 2. Of course, a locking piece may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 4 and a locking groove may be provided on the inner peripheral surface of the head cap 6, so that the head cap 6 and the shaft portion 4 may be engaged.

  The shape and the like of the head cap 6 can be appropriately set as long as it can maintain at least the protection state of the terminal 30 and the conduction state between the terminals 30 and 40a. For example, the head cap may be formed by a plurality of members. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a head cap 70 composed of a plurality of members. As shown in FIG. 13A, the head cap 70 has a cylindrical shape such as a cylindrical shape or a square cylindrical shape, and is fitted to one end of the cylindrical body 70a. You may comprise by the cover body 70b which can be closed and can close an opening.

  Further, the cylindrical body 70a of the head cap 70 may have a shape in which an intermediate portion is partitioned by a plate-like portion 71 as shown in FIG. At this time, the lid 70 b may have a shape that fills the internal space from the opening of the cylindrical body 70 a to the plate-like portion 71. That is, the lid 70b may have a shape that fills the internal space of the cylindrical body 70a. Of course, if the cylindrical body 70a has the plate-shaped part 71, the lid body 70b may be omitted, and the head cap may be configured only by the cylindrical body 70a.

  Further, the circuit board 40 is not limited to the above-described configuration, and can at least detect information associated with the deformation of the sensor pattern 32 and output the detected information to the memory 52 (that is, can store the detected information in the memory 52). Alternatively, any device that can output the data to the outside may be used. Accordingly, some components may be omitted, or other components may be added. For example, if a battery is mounted, detection information can be periodically acquired by simply attaching the head cap 6 to the deformation detection bolt 1 without connecting to an external power source. Of course, the battery may be either a primary battery or a secondary battery.

  Further, although the mounting body attached to the deformation detection bolt 1 has been described as a head cap, the mounting body is not limited to the head cap, and is used by fitting to the head 2 of the deformation detection bolt 1 such as a torque wrench. It may be a tool. When the mounting body is a tool, the terminal 40 a is formed on the contact surface of the tool that contacts the terminal 30 of the head 2. Therefore, when the tool is mounted on the head 2, the terminals 30 and 40 a are electrically connected, and the arithmetic circuit 42 of the circuit board 40 disposed on the tool can acquire detection information based on the deformation of the deformation detection bolt 1. Further, if information on the axial force corresponding to the detection information is stored in the memory 52, it is possible to simultaneously specify the axial force while applying torque to the deformation detection bolt 1 with a tool. Further, if the tool is electric, it has a power source or is connected to an external power source, so that it is easy to secure power for operating the circuit board 40.

  In addition, the locking groove 14 formed in the fitting portion 12 of the head 2 is not limited to the one extending substantially in an L shape, and at least a portion where the locking piece 6a of the head cap 6 is engaged, That is, the shape and the like can be appropriately set as long as it has a portion corresponding to the regulating end portion 14b. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the locking groove 80 has a guide portion 82 that extends from the insertion port 80a in a direction inclined with respect to the axial direction. The portion 80b may be curved or bent at an intermediate portion so that the portion 80b can be inclined in a different direction from the guide portion 82. In this case, since the movement of the axial direction and the circumferential direction is restricted by fitting the locking piece 6a to the end portion 80b, the end portion 80b has the same function as the restriction end portion 14b.

  Further, the case where the locking groove is provided in the fitting portion 12 and the locking piece is provided in the head cap 6 has been described as an example, but the locking piece is provided in the fitting portion 12 and the locking groove is formed in the head cap 6. It is needless to say that it may be provided.

  In addition, the locking groove 14 has been described as having the axial guide portion 15 and the circumferential guide portion 16. However, the present invention is not limited to this. An oval locking groove 90 may be provided at an intermediate position in the axial direction. Further, if the locking groove 90 has a size that allows the locking piece 6a to be fitted, the head cap 6 is axially and circumferentially moved with respect to the head 2 when the locking piece 6a is fitted. It can be restricted from moving.

  In addition, the formation position of the terminal in the elongate member is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set. For example, a terminal may be formed on the outer peripheral surface of a member that does not have a head or an end surface such as a tubular member or a tubular member such as a pipe. As the mounting body to be mounted on the outer appearance of the cylindrical long member, for example, a C-shaped end-membered member having an outer shape capable of surrounding the peripheral surface of the long member may be applied. . Then, a terminal may be formed on the inner surface of the end ring-shaped portion, and the terminal may be in contact with the terminal 40a of the circuit board 40 to be electrically connected.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Deformation detection bolt, 2 ... Head, 2a, 2b ... Boundary part, 4 ... Shaft part, 6 ... Head cap, 6a ... Locking piece, 8 ... Interposition member, 10 ... Current path arrangement part, 12 ... Fitting part, 14 ... locking groove, 15 ... axial guide part, 16 ... circumferential guide part, 20 ... cylindrical part, 20a ... contracted part, 22 ... screw part, 24 ... sensor arrangement part, 30 ... terminal , 32 ... sensor pattern, 34 ... current path, 40 ... circuit board, 40a ... terminal, 41 ... antenna, 42 ... arithmetic circuit, 44 ... sensor processing section, 46 ... transmission circuit, 48 ... reception circuit, 50 ... power supply section , 52 ... memory, 60 ... fitting part, 62 ... locking piece, 64 ... locking groove, 70 ... head cap, 70a ... cylindrical member, 70b ... lid member, 71 ... plate-like part, 80 ... locking Groove, 80a ... insertion port, 80b ... end portion, 82 ... guide part.

Claims (20)

A long-member-fitting structure for fitting the mounting body to the long member by engaging a locking portion provided on the long member with a locked portion of the mounting body. Because
The long member is
A shaft portion whose axial length is longer than the maximum dimension of the outer shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis,
Physical change detection means provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion for detecting a physical change of the shaft portion;
A terminal for outputting detection information detected by the physical change detection means, formed on one end side of the shaft portion;
When the mounting body is mounted, the detection information is output to the mounting body side through the terminal.   2. The elongated shape according to claim 1, wherein the locking portion has an insertion hole through which the locked portion can be inserted, and a regulating end portion that can regulate a position of the locked portion. 3. Member fitting structure.   2. The elongated member according to claim 1, wherein the locked portion has an insertion opening into which the locking portion can be inserted, and a regulating end portion that can regulate a position of the locking portion. 3. Mating structure.   Between the insertion port and the regulating end portion, a first guide portion recessed along the axial direction, and a second recessed along the circumferential direction continuous with the first guide portion. The fitting structure for a long member according to claim 2, wherein a guide portion is provided. The shaft portion has a widened portion on one end side,
The widening portion includes the locking portion on a peripheral surface,
5. The long member fitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the terminal is provided on the peripheral surface and / or the top surface. 6. The widened portion has a fitting portion that protrudes in an axial direction from an end surface thereof and into which the mounting body can be fitted,
The locking portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the fitting portion,
6. The long member fitting structure according to claim 5, wherein the terminal is formed on an outer peripheral surface and / or an end surface of the fitting portion. The widened portion has a concave fitting portion into which the mounting body can be fitted,
The locking portion is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion,
6. The long member fitting structure according to claim 5, wherein the terminal is disposed on a bottom surface and / or an inner peripheral surface of the fitting portion. The shaft portion has a flat surface portion,
8. The long member fitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the physical change detecting means is formed on the flat portion. In the shaft portion, a partial region along the axial direction is a contracted portion,
The contracted portion has an outer shape in the direction perpendicular to the axis smaller than the maximum dimension,
The elongate member fitting structure according to claim 8, wherein the flat portion is formed in the contracted portion.   The fitting of the elongated member according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the shaft portion has a series of conductive portions on the flat surface portion for electrically connecting the physical change detection unit and the terminal. Construction. The outer surface of the shaft portion includes a parallel surface parallel to the axis, an orthogonal surface orthogonal to the parallel surface,
The long member-fitting structure according to claim 10, wherein a boundary between the parallel surface and the orthogonal surface on a path in which the conductive portion is formed forms a curved surface. The terminal is connected to a mounting body side terminal of the mounting body,
12. The long member fitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the detection information is transmitted to the mounting body side through the terminal and the mounting side terminal.   The fitting structure for a long member according to claim 1, wherein the mounting body is mounted via an interposition portion.   The fitting structure for a long member according to claim 13, wherein the interposition portion abuts the mounting body and the long member in an airtight or liquid tight manner. The interposition part is an elastic body that biases the mounting body and / or the elongated member,
15. The elastic body biases the mounting body and / or the elongated member in a direction in which the locking portion and the locked portion are engaged with each other. The long member fitting structure described.   The fitting structure for a long member according to any one of claims 13 to 15, wherein the interposition part is endless.   17. The fitting structure for a long member according to claim 1, wherein the mounting body surrounds at least a part of the long member.   The long body according to any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the mounting body includes a tubular body that can surround the elongated member, and a lid that closes an opening of the tubular body. Fitting structure of a long member. The mounting body has a cylindrical body that can surround the elongated member,
18. The long member fitting structure according to claim 1, wherein the cylindrical body includes a plate-like portion that partitions an internal space.   20. The fitting structure for an elongated member according to claim 1, wherein a terminal for outputting the detection information is formed on the other end of the shaft.

Images