JP2019214390A - Packing method of brick - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve work efficiency in packing and opening of a package in a packing method of brick having trapezoidal side faces used for walls of a roughly cylindrical molten metal container.SOLUTION: First stage bricks are laid on a palette in such a way that trapezoidal side faces of the bricks 1 come into contact with an upper face of the palette 2, and bricks of a second stage and thereafter are stacked on the first stage bricks in such a way that the trapezoidal side faces of the bricks come into contact with each other and that center lines in the longitudinal direction of the trapezoidal side faces of the bricks roughly superpose with each other, to thereby form stacked-brick blocks 6. Multiple stacked-brick blocks are laid on the palette, and bands 5 are stretched along the longitudinal center lines of the trapezoidal side faces of the uppermost brick of each of the stacked-brick block, to tighten the stacked-brick blocks to the palette. Between beams 3, 3 adjacent with a space, for upper plates 4a, 4b of both sides stretched with the band, hanging margins X of at least one piece of the brick is set to be 40% or more.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 2

Description

  The present invention relates to the packaging of bricks having trapezoidal side surfaces for use in the wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container such as a converter, an electric furnace, a vacuum degassing furnace, a molten steel pot, a topeed iron, a hot metal pot or an AOD. About the method.

  A generally cylindrical molten metal container used in the steel industry, for example, a converter wall is usually constructed by sequentially arranging bricks in the circumferential direction and stacking a plurality of stages in the furnace length direction. . The brick used for this wall has a trapezoidal side, a so-called drumstick or similar shape. As shown in FIG. 10 (a) and FIG. 10 (b), the drum-shaped brick is such that both circumferential side surfaces 13, 14 of the brick when lined in a furnace (molten metal container) are inclined at the same angle. The brick has a tapered surface, and has a trapezoidal shape in the furnace length direction side surfaces 11, 12 of the brick when lined in the furnace. The brick similar to the drum shape is a brick used for an inclined portion near a furnace mouth of a converter, and the furnace length direction side surfaces 11, 12 of the brick are trapezoidal as shown in FIG. At the same time, the brick whose back 15 and inner surface 16 are inclined according to the inclination of the steel shell of the furnace. Usually, in one step, lining is performed by combining a plurality of bricks having the same length and height but different taper angles. However, even in one step, bricks having different lengths may be used.

  Bricks having no tapered surface can be easily packed by bringing the bricks into close contact with each other on a pallet and tightening them with a stacking band (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, the brick used for the wall of the substantially cylindrical molten metal container has two tapered surfaces as described above. When the both sides in the circumferential direction of the brick are tapered in this way, as shown in FIG. 12, it is necessary to insert a cushioning material B in a gap between the bricks so that the entire brick has a rectangular parallelepiped shape. In FIG. 12, if a band is applied to the entirety of a brick having a trapezoidal top surface by putting the bricks in close contact with each other without inserting a cushioning material, the band is shifted during transportation and the tension is loosened. There is a problem that it easily occurs and collapses. In addition, the shape of the brick used for the molten metal container often differs depending on the site, and the size of the molten metal container varies depending on the customer. For this reason, at the time of packing, the worker decides how to load the pallet on the pallet and determines the loading position according to the shape of the brick, and the processing of cushioning material to be inserted into the gap between the bricks at the work site at the discretion of the worker. As a result, there is a problem that such a brick packing operation greatly reduces the work efficiency. Further, when a band is hung on a rectangular brick assembly, a steel angle must be arranged on the upper ridgeline of the rectangular parallelepiped to tighten and fix the entire brick.

  There is also a method of stacking the circumferential side surfaces of the bricks in close contact with each other so that the direction of the bricks is alternated so that no gap is generated (see FIG. 13). Even when the bricks are stacked closely, the entire brick becomes a trapezoidal pillar, thus causing the above-described problem. Therefore, when tightening with a band, a cushioning material is still necessary. Furthermore, when packing bricks having different tapers or bricks having different lengths on a single pallet without any gaps, there is a problem that it takes a lot of trouble to determine the arrangement method (brick stacking direction and position). .

As described above, according to the conventional brick packing method, a brick having trapezoidal side surfaces (a brick having both circumferential side surfaces tapered) is preferably used for a wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container. In the case of packaging, it is necessary to use a packaging material such as a cushioning material. Further, at the time of unpacking, it is necessary to discard packing materials such as cushioning materials, and the work efficiency at the time of unpacking decreases.
Furthermore, when the brick stacking as shown in FIG. 13 is to be automated by using a robot or the like, there is a problem that the programming direction and the position of the bricks change, which complicates the programming.

JP-A-60-99882 Japanese Patent Publication No. 33566/1990

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to improve the work efficiency at the time of packing and unpacking in a method for packing a brick having trapezoidal side surfaces used for a wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container. is there.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided the following brick packing method.
A brick having a trapezoidal side surface used for the wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container is arranged such that a plurality of upper plates are orthogonal to each digit on a plurality of digits arranged with a gap. A method of packing bricks using fixed wooden pallets,
A first step of disposing the first-stage brick on the pallet such that the trapezoidal side surface is in contact with the upper surface of the pallet;
The second and subsequent bricks are stacked on top of the first brick so that the trapezoidal sides of each brick touch each other and the longitudinal center lines of the trapezoidal sides of each brick substantially overlap. A second step of arranging a plurality of blocks on a pallet;
A third step of hanging a band along the longitudinal centerline of the trapezoidal side surface of the top brick of each brick stacking block and tightening each brick stacking block and the pallet with a band,
In the first step, the first-stage brick is arranged so that at least one brick has a margin of 40% or more with respect to the upper plates on both sides where the band is applied between the digits adjacent to each other with a gap therebetween. Is placed on a pallet, brick packing method.

In the present invention, the “trapezoid” representing the shape of the side surface of the brick is a concept including, for example, a substantially trapezoidal shape such as a fan shape.
In the following description, the “longitudinal centerline of the trapezoidal side surface of the brick” is simply referred to as the “longitudinal centerline of the brick”.

According to the present invention, a brick having a trapezoidal side surface used for the wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container can be used to tighten a pallet by band fastening without significantly reducing or using a cushioning material or a steel angle. Can be packed by tightening on top. Thereby, the work efficiency at the time of packing and unpacking can be improved.
Further, according to the present invention, since the direction and position of the brick is hardly affected by the shape of the brick, it is possible to improve the efficiency of packing work by a person, and it is also possible to easily apply the brick loading by a robot, It can contribute to further improvement of work efficiency.
Further, by using a wooden pallet, the cost of the packaging material can be reduced. In addition, by adjusting the allowance of the first-stage brick with respect to the upper plate on which the band is hung, it is possible to suppress the warpage of the upper plate even with a wooden pallet.

The state where the first-stage brick was arranged on the pallet is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a right side view. 4A shows a state in which bricks are stacked on a pallet in four levels and fastened with a band, (a) is a front view, (b) is a plan view, and (c) is a right side view. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which a plurality of brick stacking blocks are arranged in a longitudinal direction. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an embodiment in which bricks are stacked so that the longitudinal center lines of the first-stage bricks of the bricks are oblique to both ends of the pallet. FIG. 4 is a front view showing an embodiment in which a band is hung slightly obliquely to avoid legs (digits) of the pallet. Explanatory drawing which shows the preferable area | region which hangs a band on the uppermost brick of a brick block. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which a band is hung on an upper plate on which no brick is placed. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an embodiment in which one plate member is interposed between each step of all brick stacking blocks. A photograph showing a brick package that has been stretch-wrapped. The perspective view which shows a drum-shaped brick. The perspective view which shows the brick of the shape similar to a drumstick shape. A photograph showing an example of a conventional brick packing method. A photograph showing another example of a conventional brick packing method.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The brick used in this embodiment has the same dough shape as that of FIG. 10 (a) and is a converter mag-carbon brick (scale graphite 20% by mass, magnesia 75% by mass). The circumferential length L1 is 150 mm, and the length L2 of the back surface 15 in the furnace length direction is 150 mm. In the brick used in this embodiment, two opposing (one set) furnace length direction side surfaces 11 and 12 are trapezoidal, and two opposing (one set) circumferential side surfaces (circumferential direction) are used. Both side surfaces 13 and 14 are inclined to form a tapered surface. The angle (taper angle) between the circumferential side surfaces 13 and 14 is 2 degrees.
Here, in this embodiment, the brick surface is specified based on a state in which the brick is lined with the molten metal container. That is, the circumferential side surfaces (13, 14) are the side surfaces that become circumferential when the brick is lined with the furnace, the furnace length direction side surfaces (11, 12), the back surface (15), and the inner surface (16). The same applies to The length of the brick is the distance between the back surface (15) and the inner surface (16). When lining, the inner surface (16) of the brick constitutes the furnace inner surface, and the back surface (15) of the brick is in contact with a permanent refractory or the like.

The pallet 2 (see FIG. 1) used in this embodiment is made of wood (coniferous), and has three digits 3 having a width of 90 mm, a thickness of 90 mm, and a length of 1100 mm, which are arranged in parallel at a distance of 435 mm between central axes. And six upper plates 4 each having a length of 960 mm, a width of 100 mm, and a thickness of 30 mm are fixed to each other in parallel with a gap of 72 mm in width. In addition, each digit 3 and each upper plate 4 are fixed with a screw nail so that the longitudinal direction is orthogonal to each other, and the position of the screw nail is 30 mm from both ends in the width direction.
The band 5 (see FIG. 2) was made of a synthetic resin.

  As shown in FIG. 1, first, the first-stage brick 1 is placed on the pallet 2 so that the furnace side surface 12 is in contact with the upper surface of the pallet 2 (first step). In this embodiment, six bricks 1 are arranged adjacent to each other at predetermined intervals so that their longitudinal center lines C are substantially parallel in alternate directions.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the second and subsequent bricks 1 are placed on the first brick 1, and the furnace length side surfaces 12 of the respective bricks are in contact with each other, and the longitudinal center lines C of the respective bricks 1 are connected to each other. Are piled up without any intervention between the bricks so that they almost overlap. Here, a set of bricks stacked on the pallet 2 such that the longitudinal center lines C substantially overlap each other is referred to as a brick stacking block 6. In FIG. 2, six brick stacking blocks 6 are stacked on the pallet 2 at predetermined intervals so that the longitudinal center lines C of the first bricks are substantially parallel to each other. (Second step). In addition, the number of the bricks 6 piled on the pallet 2 is not limited to six as long as it is plural (two or more), but is generally about four to eight. By stacking two or more pieces, an operation for putting a cushioning material into a gap or the like between bricks is not required, and an effect of improving work efficiency can be obtained.

  Subsequently, the band 5 is hung along the longitudinal center line C of the uppermost brick of each brick stacking block 6, and each brick stacking block 6 and the pallet 2 are tightened by the band 5 (third step). . More specifically, in this embodiment, a band 5 hung along the longitudinal center line C of the uppermost brick of each brick stacking block 6 is passed under the upper plate 4 of the pallet 2 so that the brick stacking block 6 Then, the band 5 was tightened using a tightening machine, and the excess band was cut off after welding, whereby each brick stacking block 6 and the pallet 2 were tightened with the band 5 respectively.

Here, in FIG. 2B, the hanging allowance X on the back side of the first-stage brick 1 with respect to the upper plates 4a and 4b on both sides on which the band is applied is 60%. The hanging allowance Y on the inner side of the brick is 38%. In addition, the hanging allowance of the brick refers to the ratio of the length of the brick hanging on the upper plate to the length in the width direction of the upper plate. For example, the hanging margin X of 60% means that the brick is hanging 60 mm with respect to the width of the upper plate of 100 mm.
In the present invention, the first-stage bricks are arranged so that the margin of at least one brick is 40% or more with respect to the upper plates on both sides of the band between the digits adjacent to each other via the gap. Place on pallet. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), between the adjacent digits 3a and 3b, the margin of one brick 1B with respect to the upper plate 4a is 60% (40% or more). The hanging margin of the two bricks 1A and 1C with respect to the plate 4b is 60% (40% or more). In addition, between the adjacent digits 3b and 3c, the allowance of two bricks 1D and 1F to the upper plate 4a is 60% (40% or more), and the one brick 1E to the upper plate 4b. The cost is 60% (40% or more). Thus, by adjusting the allowance of the first-stage brick to the upper plates 4a and 4b on which the band is applied, it is possible to suppress the warpage of the upper plates 4a and 4b as described later.

  On the other hand, a brick used for a wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container used in the steel industry, for example, has two elongated bases having tapered circumferential side surfaces 13 and 14 as shown in FIGS. The side faces of the shape (furnace length direction side faces 11, 12) are parallel. For this reason, the bricks are piled up so that the trapezoidal sides are in contact with each other to form a brick stacking block, and only a band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick of the bricks and tightened and fixed to the pallet. Therefore, the tension of the band effectively acts on the contact surfaces of the bricks and the contact surfaces of the brick and the pallet, so that the bricks are unlikely to be displaced by shaking during transportation. As described above, the work of inserting a cushioning material into the gap between the bricks in the packing work of the bricks is unnecessary. Further, in the arrangement of FIG. 2B, even if the length, width, and taper of the bricks are slightly different, the arrangement of the six brick-stacking blocks is substantially the same as the distance between the longitudinal center lines of the first bricks. Since it can be arranged at a fixed position, the burden of selecting the brick position on the pallet is reduced. Furthermore, even if the shapes of the bricks are different, the distance between the center lines in the longitudinal direction of the first stage bricks can be equalized, so that the banding position for each pallet can be shared and work can be performed. Efficiency is improved and work automation is facilitated. Further, even if the lengths of the bricks are different, the pallet shape can be unified, and the working efficiency can be improved. Furthermore, since the length of the back of the brick used for the wall of the molten metal container in the furnace length direction is often unified, the height of the brick stacking blocks can be easily made equal, and It is possible to stack goodwill packages. The number of steps of the brick block is not particularly limited. When the number of steps is large, the displacement of the brick and the collapse of the load can be prevented by increasing the tension of the band.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), there is a type in which the length L2 in the furnace length direction of the back surface 15 of the brick is longer than the length L1 in the circumferential direction, and this type of brick is also used in the present invention. Can be used. In addition, the longer the length of the brick used in the present invention, the more effectively the tension of the band acts. Therefore, it is suitable to use a brick having a length of 500 mm or more. Further, in the present invention, it is suitable to use an elongated brick having a ratio (length / width) of the length to the width (the length of the back surface in the circumferential direction) of about 3 to 8. This ratio (length / width) can also be expressed as the ratio of the height to the bottom of the trapezoid (height / bottom) on the furnace length side surfaces 11 and 12, which are trapezoidal side surfaces. From these points, it is preferable that the brick used in the present invention is a brick used for a side wall of a converter, an electric furnace, a vacuum degassing furnace, or an AOD.

  In the present invention, the shape of the bricks to be stacked is not limited to the same shape, and bricks having slightly different lengths, widths (circumferential lengths of the back surface), taper angles, and the like may be used. In addition, the direction of the bricks in each step when stacking, the contact area is maximized if all the same direction, the effect of preventing the slippage of the brick is also maximum, but even if the direction of the bricks in each step is alternated, in the present invention, The bricks are stacked so that the longitudinal center lines of the bricks substantially overlap with each other, and a band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick and fastened and fixed to the pallet, so that the brick can be prevented from slipping.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of brick stacking blocks 6 can be arranged in the longitudinal direction. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the heights of the bricks (the length in the furnace length direction on the back side) are equal, but the lengths of the bricks, the taper angles, and the lengths in the circumferential direction of the back side of the bricks are different. This is an example in which two blocks 6 are arranged in the longitudinal direction. Specifically, the back surfaces of the two brick blocks, the inner surfaces thereof, or the back surface and the inner surface are in contact with each other, and the longitudinal center lines of the first bricks in the two brick blocks are substantially straight. It is arranged so that it becomes.

  In addition, fired bricks such as magcro bricks used for RH have a large coefficient of friction. Therefore, a band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick and tightened and fixed to a pallet. Displacement and collapse of the cargo are hard to occur. On the other hand, graphite-containing magcarbon bricks used in converters and electric furnaces have a slippery surface, but can be prevented from collapsing by being sufficiently tightened with a band like a magcrobrick. There is also a type of mag-carbon brick coated with a resin or a mixture of resin and refractory powder as a non-slip agent.In this case, there is a sufficient friction coefficient, so that it is the same as or higher than fired brick. Because the coefficient of friction when stacked is large, a band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick and fastened and fixed to the pallet, so that displacement and collapse of the load during transportation are unlikely to occur.

  Here, the band is used to prevent the brick block from falling down during transportation, and its tension is adjusted according to the size of the brick, the friction coefficient of the brick surface, transportation conditions (acceleration), and the like. Is preferred. As the band, a band generally used for packing can be used, and a band made of resin or metal can be used.

  The position where the brick is placed on the pallet brick is not particularly limited. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the longitudinal center line C of the first-stage brick of the brick stacking block 6 is inclined with respect to both ends 41 and 42 of the pallet 2. You can pile up bricks as you like. According to the present invention, no matter what angle the bricks are arranged with respect to both ends of the pallet, if the band is laid along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick, the brick stacking block is stabilized without slipping. In the case where the band slides on the both ends 41 and 42 of the pallet and is not stable, a concave portion may be provided in the both ends 41 and 42, or a band fixture may be provided.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the brick at the top of the brick block, and the brick block and the pallet are tightened with the band. At this time, FIG. As shown, the band is also applied to both ends 41, 42 of the pallet 2, so that the tightening force of the band is concentrated on both ends 41, 42. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in order to uniformly receive the band tightening force at both ends 41 and 42, the longitudinal center line C of the first stage brick and both ends 41 and 42 of the pallet 2 are used. The bricks are stacked so that 42 is substantially orthogonal to the brick. That is, in this embodiment, the longitudinal center line C of the first stage brick of the brick stacking block 6 and both end portions 41 and 42 of the pallet 2 are substantially orthogonal to each other. Here, “substantially orthogonal” means that the angle formed between the longitudinal center line C of the first stage brick of the brick stacking block 6 and both end portions 41 and 42 of the pallet 2 is within the range of 80 ° to 100 °. It means something. In order to receive the tension of the band evenly, it is preferable that the longitudinal center line C of the first brick of the brick stacking block 6 and the both ends 41 and 42 of the pallet 2 are orthogonal to each other.

  On the other hand, in order to improve the sliding of the band at both end portions 41 and 42 of the pallet 2, the end surfaces of the both end portions 41 and 42 may be formed in a vertical arc shape. Further, in order to prevent the band from shifting to the left and right, the contact portion with the band may be formed in a groove shape. Further, the groove-shaped contact portion may be formed in an arc shape in the horizontal direction, but in this case, it is preferable that the tangent to the band is along the center line in the longitudinal direction of the band.

  In addition, the band may be made to go around, but the band only needs to be able to be hung along the longitudinal centerline of the top brick of the brick stacking block and fastened, so the top brick of the brick stacking block Alternatively, both ends of the band hung along the longitudinal center line may be fixed to the pallet and fastened. For example, a ring may be provided on a pallet so that its direction can be changed, and both ends of the band may be fixed to the ring and fastened. Further, the band may be slightly inclined in the height direction as long as the band is hung along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick. For example, as shown in FIG. In some cases, the band 5 may be hung slightly obliquely in order to avoid the above. As the band fastening means, fusion, caulking with metal fittings, or the like can be employed.

  The bands should be laid along the longitudinal centerline of the top brick of each brick block, but from the point of balance of the tension of the band to the brick block, the longitudinal centerline of the band should be the top brick. It is preferable to hang so as to be as close to the longitudinal center line as possible. As a criterion, the area corresponding to 25% of the width of the brick is located on both sides in the width direction of the brick centering on the longitudinal center line of the upper surface (furnace side surface) of the uppermost brick of each brick stack block. (Hereinafter, this region is referred to as a “25% region.”), It is preferable that the center line in the longitudinal direction of the band is included.

Explaining this 25% region specifically with reference to FIG. 6, the brick 1a shown in FIG. 6 is the top brick of the brick stack block, and the upper surface (furnace length direction side surface 11) of the brick 1a. The width on the back side is the circumferential length L1 of the back side, and is 150 mm. The distance W1 corresponding to 25% of the width (L1) of the brick on each side in the width direction of the brick with respect to the longitudinal center line C1 on the upper surface of the brick 1a is 37.5 mm, and the total of both sides is 75 mm. . On the other hand, the width on the inner surface side is the circumferential length L3 of the inner surface, which is 88 mm. The distance W2 corresponding to 25% of the width (L3) of the brick on both sides in the width direction of the brick with respect to the longitudinal center line C1 on the upper surface of the brick 1a is 22 mm, and the total of both sides is 44 mm. That is, the shaded area in FIG. 4 is a 25% area, and it is preferable that the band 5 is applied so that the longitudinal center line C2 is included in the 25% area.
When a plurality of bands are hung on the upper surface of the brick 1a, it is preferable that the average position of the center lines in the longitudinal direction of the plurality of bands is included in a region of 25%.
If the longitudinal center line of the band is included in the region of 25%, there is no problem even if the longitudinal center line of the upper surface of the brick and the longitudinal center line of the band are slightly oblique or cross. Absent.

As described above, the band is preferably applied so that the longitudinal center line of the band is included in the area of 25%. In the present invention, the band is attached to the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick of each brick block. The band should be applied so that the center line in the longitudinal direction of the band is included in the 25% area. However, if a person skilled in the art applies a band along the longitudinal center line of the top brick of each brick block, the longitudinal center line of the band is usually included in a 25% area. It becomes.
In addition, to hang a band along the longitudinal center line of the uppermost brick of each brick stacking block, it means that for all bricks of a plurality of brick stacking blocks, the longitudinal centerline of the uppermost brick is That is to put the band along.

  A pallet is used to fix a brick stacking block (hereinafter, a pallet to which a brick stacking block is fixed is referred to as a “brick package”) and move the brick package using a forklift or the like.

  It is preferable to use a wooden pallet in consideration of cost. Wooden pallets have different strengths depending on the wood, and southern timber has high strength and conifer has low strength. In the present invention, either can be used. The wooden pallet may be of a general shape, for example, as defined in JIS. Specifically, there are three digits on both sides and the center, and it is possible to use a pallet that is fixed with a gap above these three digits so that a plurality of upper plates are orthogonal to the digits. it can. Further, the pallet may be one in which a plurality of lower plates are arranged below the digit and provided with a gap so as to be orthogonal to the digit.

  There are many types of pallet shapes, but the tension of the band that secures the bricks may cause the upper plate to warp or distort, causing the band to loosen during transportation. It is preferable to select Specifically, it is preferable to use an upper plate having a thickness of 20 to 40 mm and a width of 60 to 140 mm.

  On the other hand, the tension of the band is large in the case of FIG. 2, for example, but may be as high as 90 kgf per band. On the other hand, when a band is put on the upper plate 4c on which no brick is placed as shown in FIG. 7, the upper plate 4c may be warped or detached due to the tension of the band. Therefore, by placing the brick on the upper plate on which the band is hung, the upper plate can be prevented from warping or coming off.

  Placing the brick on the upper plate on which the band is hung has the effect of preventing the upper plate from warping or coming off.However, if the band tension is high, the band may become loose during transportation due to the warping or distortion of the upper plate. , The brick may shift. If the displacement of the brick is large, there is a risk that the brick block will fall. It is considered that the cause of the warping and distortion of the upper plate is loosening of nails and insufficient strength of wood.

  In order to prevent loosening of nails, to compensate for insufficient strength of wood, and to prevent slippage of bricks during transportation, in the present invention, the allowance of the upper plate on which the band is hung is set to 40% or more. That is, in the present invention, as described above, between the adjacent digits with a gap, at least one brick is provided on each side of the upper plate on both sides of the band so that the margin is at least 40% or more. Place the brick on the pallet. It is preferable that an allowance of the brick to the upper plate on which the band is applied is 50% or more.

  In order to reinforce a pallet or the like, a plurality of digits may be arranged close to each other (in parallel). In the present invention, such a plurality of digits arranged close to each other is regarded as one digit. And That is, in the present invention, the arrangement of the brick and the hanging margin in "between adjacent digits through a gap" are defined, but assuming that there is a slight gap between a plurality of digits arranged close as described above. However, this is not regarded as “between digits that are adjacent via a gap”.

  In the present invention, basically, there is no problem if nothing is interposed between the overlapping bricks, but a plate material (thin plate) such as cardboard, plywood, or iron plate may be interposed. Specifically, when stacking the second and subsequent bricks, a plate member is arranged so as to straddle the upper surface (trapezoidal side surface) of each brick at the same stage of each brick stacking block. By arranging the plate material so as to connect the brick stacking blocks, the plate material acts as a beam and has an effect of preventing the brick from falling down during transportation. Further, when the surface of the brick is apt to slip, a plate material can be interposed to prevent collapse of the load during transportation.

  FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which one plate member 7 is interposed between each step of all the brick stacking blocks. In this embodiment, a 3 mm-thick veneer plate is used as the plate 7. The shape and arrangement position of the veneer plate are the same as those of the plate member 7 placed on the uppermost brick in FIG. In this embodiment, the plate members 7 are provided between all the stages, but for example, only one plate member may be used between the uppermost stage and the lower stage. Further, a plate material having a thickness of 0.5 to 15 mm can be used.

FIG. 9 shows a stretch-wrapped brick package. That is, the method for packing bricks of the present invention includes, after the third step of fastening each brick stacking block and the pallet with a band, covering the pallet and each brick stacking block with a stretch film so as to be integrated. In the embodiment of FIG. 9 which can be performed, the side surfaces of the pallet and a part of the outer side surface and a part of the upper surface of the brick stack are covered with the stretch film 8 to perform the stretch packaging. Here, the stretch wrapping is one in which the stretch film is stretched and closely adhered to the object to be wrapped and wrapped, and the elasticity of the stretch film is used to provide a binding property.
This stretch wrapping is performed to prevent rain and dust and to protect bricks from contact during transportation. Furthermore, by this stretch wrapping, each brick stacking block is pressed to the center side by the stretch film and is integrated, so that the bricks of each brick stacking block are prevented from moving in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal center line of the band. As a result, the effect of preventing the displacement and collapse of the brick can be obtained.
Note that, similarly to the stretch packaging, a stretch shrink packaging can be employed. In the stretch shrink wrapping, an object to be wrapped is wrapped with a heat-shrinkable stretch film, and the wrapped body is heated to cause heat shrinkage, thereby further imparting tightness.
In addition, packaging devices for performing stretch packaging or stretch shrink packaging are sold by many manufacturers, and by using these packaging devices, work can be performed with almost no manual operation.
Further, other than the stretch wrapping and the stretch shrink wrapping, a wrapping that does not apply tension, such as simply covering with vinyl, may be adopted.

As described above, the method of packing bricks according to the present invention is a simple operation of stacking bricks on a pallet and fixing them with a band, and significantly reduces cushioning materials and steel angles to be inserted in gaps between bricks as in the past. Since it is possible or unnecessary to use it, the work efficiency at the time of packing and unpacking can be significantly improved.
Furthermore, in the present invention, even if the shape of the brick is slightly changed, the brick stacking blocks on the pallet are independent, so that the arrangement pattern does not need to be changed, and the brick stacking work and the banding work can be easily performed by using a robot or the like. Can be automated. That is, when automation is performed, the positioning of the brick becomes important, but in the present invention, the positioning can be performed at the longitudinal center line of the brick.
In addition, by using a wooden pallet, the cost of packaging materials can be reduced. By adjusting the margin of the first-stage brick with respect to the upper plate on which the band is hung, warping of the upper plate can be suppressed even with a wooden pallet.

In FIG. 2, the results of a vibration test performed by assembling a brick package body having different widths and thicknesses of the upper plates 4 a and 4 b on both sides on which the band is hung and a margin X for the brick are shown. The thickness of the upper plates other than the upper plates 4a and 4b on both sides was adjusted to the thickness of the upper plates 4a and 4b on both sides. Further, the upper plate having a width of 140 mm was fixed using three nails in the width direction, and the other was fixed using two nails in the other direction. The nail was fixed to the digit at even intervals in the width direction of the upper plate using a screw nail. The wood used was softwood.
In the vibration test, the brick package is placed on a vibration table, and the brick package is simultaneously subjected to acceleration of 1 G in the X-axis direction, 1.5 G in the Y-axis direction, and 2 G in the Z-axis direction for 10 minutes. Brick slippage was observed. The tension of the band was measured with a tension meter (manufactured by TENSITRON).

  In Table 1, Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 are examples in which the upper plate on which the band is applied has a width of 140 mm and a thickness of 20 mm, and the tension of the band is 50 kgf. The margin X was within the scope of the present invention, and no slippage of the brick was observed after the test. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, the brick allowance was 30%, which is out of the range of the present invention, and a displacement of 20 mm occurred in one brick after the test. Here, the displacement of the brick means that the brick has moved from the original position by 10 mm or more in the horizontal direction.

  In Examples 4 to 6 and Comparative Example 2, an upper plate having a width of 140 mm and a thickness of 20 mm is used as an upper plate on which a band is hung, and the tension of the band is 110 kgf. Was within the scope of the present invention, and no slippage of the brick was observed in the test. On the other hand, Comparative Example 2 had a brick allowance of 30%, which was out of the range of the present invention, and the two bricks were displaced by 15 mm and 20 mm after the test.

  Examples 7 and 8 are examples in which the width and thickness of the upper plate are different, but they are within the scope of the present invention, and there was no brick displacement after the vibration test.

Next, a transport test was performed on the brick package of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.
In the transport test, ten brick packages were loaded on a truck, transported a distance of about 2,000 km, and observed for slippage of the bricks. In Example 4, no brick slippage occurred. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 2, two bricks in the 10 bricks had a displacement of about 15 mm in each of the two bricks.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Brick 1A-F 1st brick 1a Uppermost brick 11 12, Furnace longitudinal side of brick 13, 14 Circumferential side of brick 15 Back of brick 16 Inner surface of brick 2 Pallet 3 Digit 4 Top plate 4a, 4b Upper plate on which band is applied 4c Upper plate on which brick is not placed 41, 42 Both ends of pallet 5 Band 6 Brick stacking block 7 Board 8 Stretch film B Buffer material C Brick longitudinal center line

Claims (5)

A brick having a trapezoidal side surface used for the wall of a substantially cylindrical molten metal container is arranged such that a plurality of upper plates are orthogonal to each digit on a plurality of digits arranged with a gap. A method of packing bricks using fixed wooden pallets,
A first step of disposing the first-stage brick on the pallet such that the trapezoidal side surface is in contact with the upper surface of the pallet;
The second and subsequent bricks are stacked on top of the first brick so that the trapezoidal sides of each brick touch each other and the longitudinal center lines of the trapezoidal sides of each brick substantially overlap. A second step of arranging a plurality of blocks on a pallet;
A third step of hanging a band along the longitudinal centerline of the trapezoidal side surface of the top brick of each brick stacking block and tightening each brick stacking block and the pallet with a band,
In the first step, the first-stage brick is arranged so that at least one brick has a margin of 40% or more with respect to the upper plates on both sides where the band is applied between the digits adjacent to each other with a gap therebetween. Is placed on a pallet, brick packing method.   In the first step, the first-stage brick is formed such that the longitudinal center line of the trapezoidal side surface of the first-stage brick and both ends of the pallet facing the back and / or inner surface of the brick are substantially orthogonal. The method for packing bricks according to claim 1, wherein   The method of packing a brick according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising, after the third step, a step of covering the pallet and the brick with the stacking block with a stretch film so as to be integrated.   4. The brick according to claim 1, wherein when the second and subsequent bricks are stacked in the second step, the plate material is arranged so that each brick straddles the trapezoidal side surface of each brick in the same row in the stacking block. 5. Brick packing method described in.   The brick packing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the brick whose surface is coated with a non-slip agent is packed.