JP2019201563A - Fertilizer distributor - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a fertilizer distributor which can be attached to a rear part of a tractor in a lifted state, in which a hopper can be attached in a close state to the tractor as possible, and lateral balance of the hopper can be achieved.SOLUTION: There is provided a fertilizer distributor 1 comprising a hopper 2 and being attached to a rear side of a tractor in a lifted state, a mission part 6 for transmitting drive force from PTO of the tractor to a mixing part 3 or a distribution part 4 in the hopper 2 is arranged in the hopper 2. The mission part 6 has a main shaft 61 along an axial direction of the PTO, and through worms 62a-c attached to the main shaft 61, worm wheels 63a-c are rotated for driving the mixing part 3 and distribution part 4.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader that is attached in a state where it is lifted rearward of a tractor, and more particularly to a fertilizer spreader in which fertilizer is dropped from a horizontally long hopper.

  In general, as shown in FIG. 8, a fertilizer spreader attached to the rear of a tractor includes a hopper 90 that stores fertilizer, and a spraying unit 91 that drops the fertilizer in the hopper 90 while mixing the fertilizer. (Patent Document 1). And when spreading fertilizer with such a fertilizer spreader, the driving force from PTO of a tractor is transmitted to the mission part 92 ahead of the hopper 90, and from there, the sprocket 93 provided in the side of the hopper 90 Rotational force is transmitted to the rotating portion 91 so that the rotating shaft of the spraying portion 91 is rotated.

JP 2003-235318 A

  By the way, when spraying fertilizer using such a fertilizer spreader, there are the following problems.

  That is, when mounting such a fertilizer spreader behind a small tractor, if the fertilizer spreader becomes heavy, a moment will work around the rear wheel of the tractor and no load will be applied to the front wheel of the tractor. The steerability becomes worse. On the other hand, conventionally, when the fertilizer spreader is attached to the tractor, the hopper is attached so as to avoid the mission part in front of the hopper, so the hopper inevitably is located rearward and the load applied to the front wheel is reduced. As a result, there was a problem that it had to be mounted on a tractor larger than necessary.

  In addition, in the conventional fertilizer spreader, the driving force is transmitted to the sprocket provided on the side of the hopper so as to rotate the rotating shaft of the spraying unit, so that the left and right weight balance is deteriorated by the sprocket. There was also a problem.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention enables a hopper to be attached as close to the tractor as possible in a fertilizer spreader that is attached while being lifted rearward of the tractor. The purpose is to provide a fertilizer spreader that can balance the above.

  That is, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention transmits a driving force from a tractor PTO to a mixing unit or a spraying unit in a hopper in a fertilizer spreader including a hopper that is attached while being lifted rearward of the tractor. The mission part for making it make it provide in the inside of a hopper.

  If comprised in this way, since the mission part is provided in the inside of a hopper, the mission part ahead of a hopper does not become obstructive, and it becomes possible to attach a hopper close to the tractor side. As a result, the load applied to the front wheels can be secured, and the steering performance during the traveling of the tractor can be maintained.

  In such an invention, the mission section is provided at the left and right center position of the horizontally long hopper.

  If comprised in this way, the weight balance of the right and left of a hopper can be maintained, and the load applied to the wheel of a tractor can be equalized now.

  Furthermore, the mixing unit is configured to include a mixing rotation shaft for mixing fertilizer, the spraying unit is configured to include a spraying rotation shaft for spraying fertilizer, and the mission unit is The mixing unit and the spraying unit are driven through a main shaft between the mixing rotation shaft and the spraying rotation shaft.

  If comprised in this way, since a mixing part and a spraying part can be simultaneously rotated using one main axis | shaft, the weight of a fertilizer spreader can be made light and the load concerning a front wheel of a tractor can be ensured. It becomes like this.

  Further, the mixing rotation shaft or the spraying rotation shaft can be attached and detached from both the left and right sides of the mission unit.

  If configured in this way, the left and right mixing rotation shafts and spraying rotation shafts can be shortened, so when maintaining the maintenance by extracting the rotation shaft from the hole on the side surface of the hopper, it can be held within the width of both hands. It can be taken out without applying a blade to the outer periphery or wall surface of the hole.

  Further, an inclined surface inclined toward the accommodation area of the left and right hoppers is provided on the upper surface of the mission unit.

  If comprised in this way, even if it is a case where manure is thrown in from a mission part, it becomes possible to distribute and accommodate a manure to right and left with the inclined surface provided in the upper surface of the mission part.

  According to the present invention, in a fertilizer spreader provided with a hopper attached in a state of being lifted rearward of a tractor, a mission unit for transmitting a driving force from a PTO of the tractor to a mixing unit or a spraying unit in the hopper is provided. As a result, it is possible to mount the hopper close to the tractor side without causing the transmission section in front of the hopper to be in the way. As a result, the load applied to the front wheels can be secured, and the steering performance during the traveling of the tractor can be maintained.

The state figure which attached the manure spreader which is one embodiment of the present invention to the tractor The figure which shows the mission part in the hopper in the same form Schematic showing the structure inside the hopper in the same form The figure which shows the mixing part and dispersion | spreading part in the same form The figure which shows the positional relationship of the opening part of a hopper and spraying blade | wing in the same form The figure which shows the mixing state of the fertilizer in the same form The figure which shows the mixing state of the fertilizer in the same form The figure which shows the fertilizer spreader in a prior art example

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fertilizer spreader 1 in this embodiment is attached in a state of being lifted rearward of the tractor, and has a horizontally long hopper 2 and the fertilizer uniformly in the hopper 2. A mixing unit 3 (see FIG. 4) to be mixed and a spraying unit 4 for dropping the fertilizer mixed in the mixing unit 3 toward the field are provided. Characteristically, a transmission unit 6 for transmitting the driving force from the PTO of the tractor to the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 is provided inside the hopper 2 (see FIG. 2), thereby bringing the hopper 2 closer to the tractor side. It is intended to be attached. Hereinafter, the structure of the fertilizer spreader 1 in this Embodiment is demonstrated in detail. In the description, the traveling direction of the tractor will be referred to as the front-rear direction, and the direction orthogonal to this in the horizontal plane will be described as the left-right direction (or “lateral direction”).

  First, the hopper 2 has a horizontally long shape, and is configured to accommodate the fertilizer therein and to drop the fertilizer from the opening 22 provided on the bottom surface. An upper mounting portion 20a and a lower mounting portion 20b that are attached to the top link and lower link of the tractor are provided in front of the hopper 2 so that the hopper 2 can be attached to the rear of the tractor. In addition, a cover body 60 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) that covers the transmission unit 6 for driving the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 is provided in the central portion of the hopper 2. The accommodating part of the hopper 2 is divided into right and left. By the way, if the cover body 60 of the mission unit 6 is divided into the hopper 2 in this way, the fertilizer may be placed on the cover body 60 when the fertilizer is introduced into the hopper 2. Therefore, an inclined surface 60a (see FIG. 3) is provided on the upper surface of the cover body 60 covering the mission section 6 so as to be inclined toward the storage section in the left-right direction of the hopper 2, so that it is thrown in from above. The used fertilizer is dropped to the left and right. The inclined surface 60a may be a linear inclined surface or a curved inclined surface.

  The mixing unit 3 provided in the upper part inside the hopper 2 includes a pair of front and rear mixing rotation shafts 31 (see FIG. 4) and a paddle 32 provided so as to protrude from the outer periphery of the mixing rotation shaft 31. It is comprised, Comprising: The fertilizer in the hopper 2 is mixed with the paddle 32 by rotating these mixing rotating shafts 31 in a mutually reverse direction. One end side of the mixing rotating shaft 31 of the mixing unit 3 is detachably attached to the transmission unit 6 provided in the center of the hopper 2, and the other end side is a shaft support member attached to the side wall of the hopper 2. It is rotatably attached to 31a. On the other hand, the paddle 32 provided on the outer periphery of the mixing rotating shaft 31 is inclined at a pair of protruding pieces 33 protruding from the outer periphery of the mixing rotating shaft 31 and the tip portion of the protruding piece 33 as shown in FIG. It is comprised so that it may have the flat plate 34 attached in the state. The plate 34 is attached with an inclination angle that moves the fertilizer inward from the front and rear wall surfaces 21 of the hopper 2, thereby scraping the fertilizer adhering to the wall surface 21 of the hopper. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the paddles 32 are attached at different angles along the axial direction at predetermined angles, and here, are attached at different angles at an angle of 90 degrees. Then, the paddles 32 of the front and rear mixing rotation shafts 31 are rotated in the opposite directions so as not to interfere with each other. For example, when the front paddle 32 is positioned forward, the rear paddle 32 is moved upward. Thus, the fertilizer in the central portion can be lifted by shifting the phase at an angle of 90 degrees so as not to interfere with each other.

  The spraying unit 4 is configured to push the fertilizer downward from the opening 22 by rotating the spraying blades 42 provided on the outer periphery of the spraying rotation shaft 41. Driven by. One end side of the spraying rotation shaft 41 of the spraying unit 4 is detachably attached to the mission unit 6 provided in the center, similarly to the mixing unit 3, and the other end side is a shaft provided on the side wall. It is rotatably attached to the support member 41a. And while positioning the rotation area | region of the spreading | diffusion part 4 in the clearance gap between the rotation areas before and behind the mixing part 3, the fertilizer spreader 1 is made compact, and also the fertilizer mixed in the hopper 2 is used. , So that it can be moved to the spraying unit 4 without any gaps. As shown in FIG. 5, the spreading blade 42 provided in the spreading unit 4 is always provided to rotate above the opening 22, and by rotating the spirally inclined blade element 43, The fertilizer can be pushed out to the opening 22 side. In addition, when the inclination direction of this blade | wing element 43 is inclined only to one direction, a fertilizer will be conveyed by the one side by the blade | wing element 43, and a fertilizer will be biased. Therefore, in this embodiment, the fertilizer is prevented from being biased by providing it on the outer periphery so that the inclination directions of the blade elements 43 are alternate.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the shutter 5 provided below the opening 22 is configured so that the opening area of the opening 22 can be adjusted, and a long and narrow plate is brought into close contact with the opening 22 in the lateral direction. It is provided so that the opening area can be adjusted by sliding. The shutter 5 is pulled from the upstream side in the movement direction of the plate by a driving mechanism (not shown), thereby preventing the plate from being bent at the time of sliding, so that the shutter 5 can be opened and closed with a strong force. .

  Based on such a configuration, in the present embodiment, the mission unit 6 is provided inside the hopper and in the central portion in the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the mission unit 6 includes a main shaft 61 in the front-rear direction for transmitting the rotational driving force from the PTO of the tractor, a plurality of worms 62 a to 62 c provided on the main shaft 61, and a mixing unit 3 and worm wheels 63a to 63c for rotating the mixing rotating shaft 31 and the spraying rotating shaft 41 of the spraying unit 4, thereby decelerating the driving force of the PTO and mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit. 4 is driven.

  Among these, the main shaft 61 is connected from the PTO using a universal joint (not shown), and rotates around the front-rear direction axis of the hopper 2. Further, worms 62a and 62b having spiral grooves in opposite directions are attached to the front side and the rear side of the main shaft 61, and the spraying section 4 is disposed at the center of the two worms 62a and 62b. A worm 62c for driving is attached.

  On the other hand, worm wheels 63a to 63c for rotating the mixing drive shaft 64 and the spraying drive shaft 65 in the mission unit 6 are attached to the worms 62a to 62c, whereby the main shaft 61 is rotated. The mixing drive shaft 64 and the spraying drive shaft 65 can be rotated simultaneously. The mixing drive shaft 64 and the spraying drive shaft 65 are provided so as to slightly protrude from the cover body 60 of the transmission unit 6, and the mixing rotating shaft 31 and the spraying rotating shaft 41 are detachably fitted to the protruding portions. Thus, the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 are driven.

  Next, operation | movement of the fertilizer spreader 1 comprised in this way is demonstrated.

  First, when attaching this fertilizer spreader 1 behind a tractor, as shown in FIG. 1, the upper attachment part 20a and the lower attachment part 20b provided in front of the hopper 2 are attached to the top link or lower link of the tractor. At this time, conventionally, since the transmission part is located on the front side of the hopper, the attachment part must be further extended to the front side, and the hopper must be attached to the rear side. Since the part 6 is provided inside the hopper 2, the hopper 2 can be attached close to the tractor side.

  After the hopper 2 is attached to the tractor in this way, the tractor's PTO is connected to the main shaft 61 of the transmission unit 6 so that the driving force can be transmitted.

  And after attaching the fertilizer spreader 1 to a tractor in this way, a fertilizer is thrown in from the top of the hopper 2 in the state which closed the opening part 22 of the hopper 2. As shown in FIG. When using multiple types of fertilizers when adding fertilizers, fertilizers are input to the left and right to form a thin layer from the bottom. At this time, the introduced fertilizer is also introduced to the upper side of the cover body 60 of the mission unit 6, but since the inclined surface 60 a inclined to the left and right is provided on the upper surface of the cover body 60, the fertilizer is left and right. Can be dropped into.

  Next, after putting the fertilizer in this way, the PTO of the tractor is driven. Then, the main shaft 61 of the mission unit 6 rotates, and the mixing drive shaft 64 and the spraying drive shaft 65 rotate via the worms 62a to 62c and the worm wheels 63a to 63c. And the mixing rotating shaft 31 and the dispersion | distribution rotating shaft 41 connected with this rotate simultaneously. Then, the mixing rotation shaft 31 is rotated in the opposite direction by the worms 62a and 62b having the reverse spiral grooves, and the front and rear paddles 32 are rotated in the opposite directions. At this time, the paddle 32 is rotated in the direction of lifting the fertilizer in the central portion. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the fertilizer in the portion is lifted by the plate 34 of the paddle 32 that rotates upward. At this time, since the left and right paddles 32 adjacent to each other in the axial direction are rotated so as to move the fertilizer in the front-rear direction as shown in FIG. 7, the fertilizer lifted by the paddle 32 (the elliptical broken line region in FIG. 7). Fertilizer) flows into the rotation regions of the left and right paddles 32. As a result, the lifted fertilizer can flow and mix in the left-right direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the raised fertilizer flows into the front side, and can be mixed also in the front-rear direction of the hopper 2. Further, since the fertilizer lifted by the plate 34 of the paddle 32 enters the projecting piece 33 and the inner region of the projecting piece 33, the fertilizer can be mixed in the vertical direction.

  Moreover, the fertilizer which exists in the spreading part 4 is also mixed. When the spraying unit 4 is rotated together with the mixing unit 3 while the shutter 5 is closed, the fertilizer is pushed out by the rotation of the spraying unit 4. However, in the state where the shutter 5 is closed, the extruded fertilizer is pushed upward along the curved wall surface 21, and the fertilizer is lifted upward by the mixing unit 3 rotating upward. Go. Thereby, the fertilizer of the spreading | diffusion part 4 thrown in first comes to be lifted up and mixed.

  And after mixing a fertilizer for a fixed time, a fertilizer is spread on a farm field, moving a tractor.

  When spraying fertilizer on the field, the shutter 5 is opened while the tractor is running. Then, the fertilizer can be continuously pushed out and dropped by the spraying blades 42 rotating right above the opening 22 by the rotation of the spraying unit 4. Thereby, it becomes possible to disperse the fertilizer uniformly.

  Next, the operation when the fertilizer spreader 1 is cleaned and maintained after the fertilizer is sprayed in this way will be described.

  When cleaning the hopper 2 in a state where the fertilizer has been sprayed, it is necessary to remove the fertilizer adhering to the wall surface 21, the paddle 32, and the spray blade 42 of the hopper 2. Therefore, first, the mixing rotation shaft 31 of the mixing unit 3 provided on the upper side of the hopper 2 is removed. When removing the mixing rotating shaft 31, the shaft support member 31a is removed from the hole of the rotating shaft provided on the side wall of the hopper 2, and the mixing rotating shaft is slightly slid in the axial direction. At this time, the mixing rotating shaft 31 is slid to a position where the paddle 32 hits the hole. At the same time as the slide, the connecting portion on the mission unit 6 side is removed, the end on the mission unit 6 side is lifted upward, and the mixing rotation shaft 31 is extracted obliquely upward. In the same manner, the other mixing rotating shaft 31 is also removed from the hopper 2 and the fertilizer and the like adhering to the paddle 32 are removed. At this time, since the operator can have both ends of the short mixing rotation shaft with both hands extended, the paddle 32 can be removed without hitting the wall surface 21 of the hopper 2 or the like. On the other hand, when removing one long mixing rotating shaft that straddles the hopper as in the past, the paddle often hits the hopper because the other end cannot be reached even if the left and right hands are spread out. And there is a problem of damaging the paddle.

  Next, the dispersion | distribution rotating shaft 41 is removed. When removing the spreading | diffusion rotating shaft 41, the shaft support member 41a is removed from the hole provided in the side wall of the hopper 2, and the spreading | diffusion rotating shaft 41 is pulled out in the axial direction from the hole. At this time, since the spreading blade 42 of the mixing unit 3 is configured to be smaller than the hole in the side wall, it can be extracted from the hole in the axial direction. And after removing the spreading | diffusion rotating shaft 41 in an axial direction in this way, similarly, it removes and cleans the fertilizer from the spreading blade 42, and also the fertilizer adhering to the wall surface 21 of the hopper 2, the opening part 22, and the shutter 5 Clean the fertilizer that is clogged between the two.

  As described above, according to the embodiment, in the fertilizer spreader 1 including the hopper 2 attached in a state of being lifted rearward of the tractor, the driving force is supplied from the PTO of the tractor to the mixing unit 3 or the spray unit in the hopper 2. 4 is provided inside the hopper 2 so that the mission part in front of the hopper does not get in the way, and the hopper can be mounted close to the tractor side as in the prior art. become. As a result, the load applied to the front wheels can be secured, and the steering performance during the traveling of the tractor can be maintained.

  Further, since the transmission unit 6 is provided at the left and right center position of the horizontally long hopper 2, the right and left weight balance of the hopper 2 can be maintained, and the load applied to the wheels of the tractor can be equalized. It becomes like this.

  Furthermore, since the main shaft 61 of the transmission unit 6 is passed between the mixing rotation shaft 31 and the spraying rotation shaft 41 and the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 are driven, a single main shaft 61 is used. Thus, the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 can be driven at the same time, and the weight of the fertilizer spreader 1 can be reduced to ensure the load applied to the front wheel of the tractor.

  Further, since the mixing rotation shaft 31 or the spraying rotation shaft 41 can be attached and detached from both the left and right sides of the transmission unit 6, the mixing rotation shaft 31 and the spraying rotation shaft 41 can be shortened, and the holes on the side surfaces of the hopper 2 can be shortened. When carrying out maintenance by extracting the rotating shaft from the part, it can be held within the range of both hand widths, and can be taken out without hitting the outer periphery of the hole part or the wall surface 21 with a blade or the like.

  Moreover, since the inclined surface 60a inclined toward the accommodation area of the left and right hoppers 2 is provided on the upper surface of the mission unit 6, even when fertilizer is introduced from above the mission unit 6, The inclined surface 60a allows the fertilizer to be distributed and stored in the left and right storage areas.

  In addition, this invention can be implemented in various aspects, without being limited to the said embodiment.

  For example, according to the above-described embodiment, the transmission unit 6 is configured by the worms 62a to 62c and the worm wheels 63a to 63c. For example, a bevel gear may be used.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the mission part 6 was provided in the center position in the hopper 2, you may make it provide with balance in positions other than a center.

  Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the accommodation area | region of the hopper 2 was divided into right and left by the mission part 6, the predetermined clearance gap was provided between the mission part 6 and the inner wall of the hopper 2, and fertilizer was right and left. You may make it go back and forth.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fertilizer spreader 2 ... Hopper 3 ... Mixing part 4 ... Spreading part 6 ... Mission part 31 ... Mixing rotating shaft 41 ... Spreading rotating shaft 60 ... Cover body 60a ... inclined surface 61 ... main shafts 62a, b, c ... worms 63a, b, c ... worm wheel 64 ... mixing drive shaft 65 ... scattering drive shaft

Claims (5)

In the fertilizer spreader equipped with a hopper that is attached in the state of being lifted behind the tractor,
A fertilizer spreader characterized in that a mission unit for transmitting a driving force from a PTO of a tractor to a mixing unit or a spraying unit in the hopper is provided inside the hopper. The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the mission unit is provided at a laterally central position of a horizontally long hopper. The mixing unit includes a mixing rotation shaft for mixing fertilizer,
The spraying part is provided with a spraying rotation shaft for spraying fertilizer,
The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the mission unit is configured to drive the mixing unit and the spraying unit through a main shaft between the mixing rotation shaft and the spraying rotation shaft. The mixing unit includes a mixing rotation shaft for mixing fertilizer,
The spraying part is provided with a spraying rotation shaft for spraying fertilizer,
The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the mixing rotation shaft or the spray rotation shaft is connected so as to be detachable from both the left and right sides of the mission unit. The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein an inclined surface inclined toward an accommodation area of the left and right hoppers is provided on an upper surface of the mission unit.

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