JP7045667B2 - Fertilizer spreader - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a fertilizer spreader having a horizontally elongated hopper, and more specifically, a fertilizer spreader in which the fertilizer in the hopper is uniformly mixed and the fertilizer is uniformly dropped into the field. It is about.

Generally, a fertilizer spreader having a horizontally long hopper is configured to have a hopper for accommodating one or more types of fertilizer and a spraying portion for dropping fertilizer from a plurality of openings provided below the hopper. (Patent Document 1). The conventional configuration of such a fertilizer spreader will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7.

First, the fertilizer sprayer shown in FIG. 6 is provided below a pair of front and rear mixing / spraying augers 71 provided in a horizontally long hopper and the mixing / spraying auger 71, and fertilizer in the hopper. It is configured to provide a plurality of openings 72 for dropping the. When fertilizer is sprayed using such a fertilizer sprayer, a plurality of types of fertilizers are put into the hopper, and the fertilizers are moved in the axial direction using the spiral blades of the auger 71 for mixing and spraying. Let me. Then, after the fertilizer is conveyed to one side wall, the fertilizer is conveyed to the opposite side by the mixing / spraying auger 71 that rotates in the opposite direction, and then similarly circulated in the left-right direction to mix. Further, a stirring rod 73 is attached to the mixing / spraying auger 71 so as to straddle between the blades, and the fertilizer is mixed in the vertical direction by rotating the stirring rod 73. When the fertilizer mixed in this way is sprayed on the field, the fertilizer is transported in the left-right direction by the mixing / spraying auger 71, and when the blades come to the opening 72, the fertilizer is spread on the opening. Drop it so that it is pushed out from 72.

On the other hand, the fertilizer spreader shown in FIG. 7 has a single mixing drive shaft 75 provided in a horizontally long hopper and a protrusion-like protrusion intermittently provided in the axial direction of the mixing drive shaft 75. It is provided with a paddle 76, and the fertilizer is mixed by rotating the paddle 76, and the fertilizer is dropped from the opening 77 provided below the hopper by the pressing force of the paddle 76. It is the one that was made.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-235318

However, the fertilizer spreader in such a conventional structure has the following problems.

That is, the fertilizer sprayer as shown in FIG. 6 requires a special process for manufacturing the mixing / spraying auger 71 having spiral blades, which increases the cost. Further, when the blade of the mixing / spraying auger 71 passes through the opening 72, the fertilizer conveyed from the left-right direction is dropped so as to be pushed toward the opening 72, but the blade passes through the opening 72. In the front, the amount of fertilizer applied is small. Therefore, there is a problem that the fertilizer spraying state becomes uneven.

On the other hand, in the fertilizer spreader as shown in FIG. 7, a large paddle 76 is rotated to press the fertilizer toward the opening side and drop it, but the pressing force of the paddle 76 for mixing becomes strong. There is a problem that fertilizer is clogged in the gap between the sliding shutter and the opening 77, making it difficult to slide the shutter. Further, since the fertilizer can be largely dropped only at the moment when the paddle 76 is pressed downward, the fertilizer spraying state becomes uneven. Further, in the mixing method using the paddle 76, there is a problem that the fertilizer in the hopper can be mixed in the vertical direction, but cannot be mixed in the horizontal direction.

Therefore, the present invention has been made by paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and provides a fertilizer spreader in which fertilizers put into a hopper are uniformly mixed and fertilizers are uniformly dropped from an opening. The purpose.

That is, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the fertilizer spreader of the present invention includes a hopper having a horizontally long shape with respect to the traveling direction, a mixing portion provided on the upper side in the hopper and mixing fertilizer in the hopper. In a fertilizer sprayer provided on the lower side in the hopper and comprising a spraying portion for dropping the fertilizer mixed in the mixing portion from the opening of the hopper toward the field, the mixing portion is provided in a pair of front and rear. A plurality of projecting pieces erected from the mixed rotation axis and a plate provided in parallel with the mixed rotation axis on the tip end side of the projecting piece are provided, and the hopper is provided with the rotation region of the plate. The polygonal shape is formed along the above, and the lower surface portion of the polygonal shape is made flat.

Further, in such an invention, the mixing portion is made to rotate the plates in opposite directions so as to lift the fertilizer located above the spraying portion upward.

Further, the plate is tilted so that the outer peripheral side precedes the rotation direction.

Further, the spraying portion is provided with a spraying blade that is rotated by a spraying rotation axis, and the rotation region of the spraying blade is overlapped with the rotation region of the mixing portion in the vertical direction.

According to the present invention, a hopper having a horizontally long shape with respect to the traveling direction, a mixing portion provided on the upper side in the hopper to mix fertilizer in the hopper, and a mixing portion provided on the lower side in the hopper, said mixing portion. Since the fertilizer mixed in the above is provided with a spraying part that drops the fertilizer from the opening of the hopper toward the field, it is possible to uniformly mix the fertilizer in the hopper by separating the mixing part and the spraying part. At the same time, the fertilizer can be evenly sprayed by the separated spraying portion.

Side view of the fertilizer spreader in one embodiment of the present invention Frontal schematic view of fertilizer spreader in the same form The figure which shows the opening and the shutter in the same form. Schematic side view showing the mixed state of the mixed portion in the same embodiment Schematic diagram of a plan showing the mixed state of the mixed portion in the same form. The figure which shows the fertilizer spreader in the conventional example The figure which shows the fertilizer spreader in the conventional example

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

The fertilizer spreader 1 in this embodiment is attached to the rear of the tractor, and as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the horizontally elongated hopper 2 and the fertilizer in the hopper 2 are uniformly mixed. It is provided with a mixing unit 3 to be combined and a spraying unit 4 to drop the fertilizer mixed in the mixing unit 3 toward the field. Then, characteristically, the fertilizer is mixed using the paddles 32 provided on the outer periphery of the pair of front and rear mixing rotation shafts 31, and the spraying portion 4 is provided in the gap below the rotation region of the mixing portion 3 to spray the fertilizer. By rotating the spraying rotation shaft 41 of the portion 4, the fertilizer is pushed out from the opening 22 by using the spraying blade 42. Hereinafter, the structure of the fertilizer spreader 1 in the present embodiment will be described in detail. In the description, the traveling direction of the tractor will be the front-rear direction, and the direction orthogonal to the traveling direction in the horizontal plane will be described as the left-right direction (or "lateral direction").

First, the hopper 2 has a horizontally long shape, and the fertilizer is stored inside the hopper 2 so that the fertilizer can be dropped from the opening 22 provided on the bottom surface. In the upper region of the hopper 2, the front and rear wall surfaces 21a have a polygonal shape covering the rotation region of the mixing portion 3, and the lower surface portion 21b of the rotation region has a horizontal plane shape. On the other hand, the front and rear wall surfaces 21c in the lower region of the hopper 2 have a curved shape along the rotation region of the spraying portion 4, whereby the gap between the front and rear wall surfaces 21a to 21c can be reduced. Since the hopper 2 has a polygonal shape, these gaps are not constant, but are maintained to the extent that they do not affect the circulation of fertilizer, and can be molded with a general-purpose brake type rather than a round type dedicated type. , Manufacturing cost can be kept low. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a mission unit 6 for driving the mixing unit 3 and the spraying unit 4 by using the driving force of the PTO from the tractor is provided in the central portion of the hopper 2. The accommodating portion of the hopper 2 is divided into left and right by the side wall of the mission portion 6.

The mixing portion 3 provided on the upper side of the hopper 2 is configured by providing a pair of mixing rotation shafts 31 provided in the front-rear direction and a paddle 32 provided so as to project from the outer periphery of the mixing rotation shaft 31. By rotating these mixing rotation shafts 31 in opposite directions, the paddle 32 mixes the fertilizer in the hopper 2. In this mixing portion 3, one end side of the mixing rotation shaft 31 is detachably connected to a mission portion 6 provided in the center of the hopper 2, and the other end side is a hole portion provided in the side wall of the hopper 2. It is rotatably attached to. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the paddle 32 provided on the outer periphery of the mixed rotary shaft 31 is inclined by the pair of protruding pieces 33 protruding from the outer periphery of the mixed rotary shaft 31 and the tip portion of the protruding piece 33. It is configured to have a flat plate 34 attached in a state. The plate 34 is attached with an inclination angle so as to move the fertilizer inward from the front and rear wall surfaces 21a of the hopper 2, whereby the fertilizer adhering to the wall surface 21a can be scraped out. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the paddles 32 are provided in a stepped manner at a predetermined angle along the axial direction, and here, they are mounted in a stepped manner at an angle of 90 degrees. Then, the paddles 32 of the front and rear mixed rotation shafts 31 are rotated in opposite directions so as not to interfere with each other. For example, when the front paddle 32 is located in the front, the rear paddle 32 is on the upper side. The phase is shifted by 90 degrees so as to prevent interference, and the fertilizer in the central part is lifted.

The spraying unit 4 is configured to push fertilizer downward from the opening 22 by rotating a spraying blade 42 provided on the outer periphery of the spraying rotation shaft 41, and is driven by the mission unit 6. Will be done. Similar to the mixing portion 3, the spraying portion 4 is detachably attached to one end side of the spraying rotation shaft 41 to the mission portion 6 provided in the center, and the other end side is provided on the side wall. It is rotatably attached to the hole. Then, the rotating region of the spraying portion 4 is positioned in the gap between the rotating regions before and after the mixing portion 3, the fertilizer spraying machine 1 is made compact, and the fertilizer mixed in the hopper 2 is placed in the gap. It is designed so that it can be transferred to the spraying section 4 without any problems. The spraying blade 42 provided in the spraying portion 4 is provided so as to always rotate above the opening 22, and by rotating the spirally inclined blade element 43, fertilizer is applied to the opening 22 side. It can be extruded. If the blade element 43 is tilted in only one direction, the fertilizer is transported to one side by the blade element 43, resulting in a bias of the fertilizer. Therefore, in this embodiment, the blade elements 43 are provided on the outer periphery so as to alternate in the tilting direction to prevent the fertilizer from being biased.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shutter 5 provided below the opening 22 is such that the opening area in the opening 22 can be adjusted, and an elongated plate is brought into close contact with the opening 22 in the lateral direction. It is provided so that the opening area can be adjusted by sliding it. The shutter 5 is pulled from the upstream side in the moving direction of the plate by a drive mechanism (not shown), whereby the plate is prevented from bending during sliding, and the shutter 5 can be opened and closed with a strong force. ..

Next, the operation of the fertilizer spreader 1 configured in this way will be described.

First, before spraying the fertilizer, the shutter 5 of the opening 22 is closed, and the fertilizer is put into the hopper 2 in that state. When there are multiple types of fertilizer to be added, the fertilizer is thinly added to the left and right accommodating parts in layers so as not to cause bias.

Then, after the fertilizer is added in this way, the mixing unit 3 is driven to rotate the front and rear paddles 32 in opposite directions. At this time, when the paddle 32 is rotated so as to lift the fertilizer in the central portion, the fertilizer in that portion is lifted by the plate 34 of the paddle 32 that rotates upward as shown in FIG. At this time, as shown in FIG. 5, the left and right paddles 32 adjacent to each other in the axial direction rotate so as to move the fertilizer in the front-rear direction, so that the fertilizer lifted by the paddle 32 (the elliptical broken line region in FIG. 5). Fertilizer) will flow into the rotating regions of the left and right paddles 32. This makes it possible to allow the lifted fertilizer to flow in the left-right direction and mix. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the lifted fertilizer also flows to the front side, whereby the fertilizer can be mixed in the front-rear direction of the hopper 2. Further, the fertilizer lifted by the plate 34 of the paddle 32 also enters the projecting piece 33 and the inner region of the projecting piece 33, so that the fertilizer can be mixed in the vertical direction as well.

Further, the fertilizer existing in the spraying portion 4 can also be mixed. When the spraying section 4 is rotated together with the mixing section 3 with the shutter 5 closed, the rotation of the spraying section 4 causes the fertilizer to be pushed out. However, when the shutter 5 is closed, the extruded fertilizer is extruded upward along the wall surface 21c, and the fertilizer is lifted upward by the mixing portion 3 rotating upward. As a result, the fertilizer of the spraying portion 4 initially charged is lifted upward and mixed.

Then, after mixing the fertilizer for a certain period of time, the fertilizer is sprayed on the field while moving the tractor.

When the fertilizer is sprayed on the field, the shutter 5 is opened while the tractor is running. Then, by the rotation of the spraying portion 4, the fertilizer can be continuously pushed out and dropped by the spraying blade 42 rotating directly above the opening 22. This makes it possible to evenly disperse the fertilizer.

At this time, the mixing portion 3 provided above is in a driven state in the same manner as the spraying portion 4, but since the fertilizer in the central portion is rotated so as to be lifted upward, a strong pressure is applied to the spraying portion 4. It will be possible to rotate with a small torque.

Further, since the rotating region of the mixing portion 3 and the rotating region of the spraying portion 4 are overlapped with each other, the fertilizer moved from the lower surface portion 21b of the mixing portion 3 can be delivered to the rotating region of the spraying portion 4. It can be pushed out from the opening 22 by the spray blade 42.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, the hopper 2 having a horizontally long shape with respect to the traveling direction, the mixing portion 3 provided on the upper side in the hopper 2 and mixing the fertilizer in the hopper 2, and the inside of the hopper 2. In a fertilizer sprayer provided on the lower side of the above , the fertilizer sprayer comprising a spraying section 4 for dropping the fertilizer mixed in the mixing section 3 from the opening 22 of the hopper 2 toward the field, the mixing section 3 is moved back and forth. A plurality of protruding pieces 33 erected from the pair of mixed rotating shafts 34 and a plate 34 provided on the tip end side of the protruding pieces 33 in parallel with the mixed rotating shaft 34 are provided and configured, and the hopper is provided. Since No. 2 has a polygonal shape along the rotation region of the plate 34 and the lower surface portion of the polygonal shape has a flat surface , the fertilizer in the hopper 2 can be uniformly mixed, and the separated spraying can be performed. The fertilizer can be uniformly sprayed by the portion 4, and the pressing force due to mixing is not applied to the spraying portion 4, so that the rotational torque of the spraying portion 4 can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be carried out in various embodiments.

For example, in the above embodiment, the mission portion 6 is provided in the central portion of the hopper 2 to divide the accommodating portion of the hopper 2 to the left and right, but the mission portion 6 is provided on the side surface of the hopper 2 to prevent the accommodating portion from being divided. You may do so.

Further, in the above embodiment, the paddle 32 of the mixing unit 3 is composed of a pair of projecting pieces 33 and a plate 34, but the present invention is not limited to this, and fertilizers such as rod-shaped protrusions and T-shaped protrusions are mixed. Any structure may be used as long as it is a thing.

Further, in the above embodiment, the spraying portion 4 is provided with a blade element 43 that inclines in opposite directions around the axis, but any structure can be used as long as the fertilizer can be pushed out from the opening 22. It may have such a shape. However, it is preferable to make the blade element 43 small so that the fertilizer can be extruded in small steps.

Further, in the above embodiment, the paddles 32 are provided at 90 degree angles in the axial direction, but if the front and rear paddles 32 do not interfere with each other, the paddles 32 are provided every 60 degrees or every 45 degrees. It may be provided in a staggered manner.

1 ... Fertilizer spreader 2 ... Hoppers 21a, b, c ... Wall surface 22 ... Opening 3 ... Mixing part 31 ... Mixing rotary shaft 32 ... Paddle 33 ... Protruding Piece 34 ... Plate
4 ... Spraying section 41 ... Spraying rotation shaft 42 ... Spraying blade 43 ... Blade element 5 ... Shutter 6 ... Mission section

Claims (4)

A hopper that has a horizontally long shape with respect to the traveling direction,
A mixing section provided on the upper side in the hopper to mix fertilizer in the hopper,
In a fertilizer spreader provided on the lower side in the hopper, the fertilizer spreader is provided with a spraying portion for dropping the fertilizer mixed in the mixing portion from the opening of the hopper toward the field.
The mixing part
Multiple projecting pieces erected from a pair of front and rear mixed rotation axes,
A plate provided parallel to the mixed rotation axis is provided on the tip end side of the protruding piece.
The hopper
It has a polygonal shape along the rotation region of the plate.
A fertilizer spreader characterized in that the lower surface portion of the polygonal shape is made horizontal . The fertilizer sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the mixing section rotates the plates in opposite directions so as to lift the fertilizer located above the spraying section upward. The fertilizer spreader according to claim 1, wherein the plate is tilted so that the outer peripheral side is in front of the rotation direction. The spraying portion is provided with a spraying blade that is rotated by a spraying rotation axis.
The fertilizer sprayer according to claim 1, wherein the rotating region of the spraying blade overlaps the rotating region of the mixing portion in the vertical direction.

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