JP2019197294A - Shelter management system and shelter management method - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a preferable shelter management system and a shelter management method using the same, which can be easily and quickly utilized in a shelter during a disaster and can manage many refugees in a short time.SOLUTION: The shelter management system of the invention records and discloses a condition of a shelter during a disaster and comprises IC cards distributed to refugees one by one, a mobile terminal 10 allowed to read each of the IC cards, and a mobile battery 12 and allows data to be stored in a database within the terminal 10 by client software provided in the terminal 10.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an evacuation center management system and an evacuation center management method for recording and disclosing the status of refugees and the like in an evacuation center in order to appropriately provide support to the evacuation person at the evacuation center when a disaster occurs.

As a system that can be used to grasp the status of evacuees at an evacuation center when a disaster occurs, for example, there are those described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below.
The system described in Patent Document 1 checks the entry and exit of evacuees at evacuation centers, and prints a machine reading code related to the personal data of the entered evacuees and distributes them to each evacuee. The code is read by a code reader to manage the entry / exit of evacuees and the distribution of relief supplies.
The system of Patent Document 2 is a system used for confirming the safety of evacuees at evacuation centers, etc., and reads the medium identification code from a predetermined medium owned by the evacuated person before the disaster occurs. It is managed in association with the personal information of the target person to be acquired separately after the occurrence.

JP 2014-219952 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2015-1762

When a catastrophe occurs, many of the victims go to the shelter without wearing wallets or identification cards while wearing clothes. People who manage shelters are also victims and tend to run to shelters without having anything. And at shelters, there is a high probability that electricity, water, and communication lines have been interrupted.
In order to appropriately grasp and support the status of evacuees at such shelters, it is preferable to use a system that operates on a battery (battery) and does not rely on the Internet and is easy to use. It is also important to be able to grasp the entire situation in a short time because many evacuees may come in at once. When including personal information in the data collected for the purpose of identifying evacuees, it is essential that the system be able to safely manage that information.

From the above viewpoint, it is considered that there is still room for improvement in the conventional system.
For example, since the system of Patent Document 1 is for inputting personal information of an refugee to a terminal and printing it as a reading code, it takes time and cost to input and print. A device for printing is also required, and the power to operate it is also required. The use of such a system is not practical in shelters where electricity is interrupted and evacuees are rushing.
In addition, since the system of Patent Document 2 acquires personal information and manages information including the information, it takes time to acquire and input personal information, and the system is complicated and difficult to use. It becomes. There is also a problem in that the evacuees do not always bring the medium identification code read before the disaster occurs to the shelter.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above problems. That is, a preferred shelter management system that can be used easily and quickly in the above situation at the time of a disaster and can manage a large number of evacuees in a short time, and The evacuation center management method is provided.

The shelter management system according to the invention records and discloses the status of the shelter at the time of the disaster,
An IC card (one with a unique ID number) distributed to each inmate in the evacuation center and a portable information terminal (CPU, data storage unit) that can read each IC card , A personal computer or smartphone having a memory, a monitor, an input device, etc., having an IC card reading function, or connected to a card reader) and a mobile battery, and by the client software of the terminal, Data can be stored in a database in the terminal.

Such a shelter management system has the following advantages. That is,
-Since the structure is simple, the cost is low, so it can be installed in many buildings that are likely to be shelters before a disaster occurs.
・ Since the mobile battery can function as a power source, it can be used even if the shelter is in a power outage.
・ Since data can be stored in the database in the terminal by the client software of the terminal, evacuee information and the like can be recorded even when the communication line is cut off and the Internet cannot be used.
・ One IC card is distributed to each refugee housed in the evacuation center, and the ID number assigned to each IC card is read by the terminal so that each refugee can receive the ID number. Corresponding information is recorded for each ID number. Each refugee is identified by the ID number of the IC card stored in the evacuation center before the disaster occurs, so even if the refugee evacuates without having anything, the status of each refugee is recorded, etc. can do.
・ Each refugee can be identified simply by reading an IC card, and it is not necessary to input the name of each refugee. Therefore, even if a large number of refugees come to the evacuation center immediately after a disaster occurs, the necessary acceptance Work can be done easily and quickly. Since it is not necessary to input personal information of each refugee, the system itself and its handling are easy.

The evacuation center management system of the above invention, particularly when a disaster occurs,
・ Shelter data including the name and address of the shelter,
・ The ID number of the IC card distributed to each refugee is associated with each refugee, and the entry / exit information obtained by having the terminal read the IC card when each refugee enters or exits each ID Evacuee data recorded by number,
-It is preferable that the relief supplies received from the outside of the evacuation center and the supply data indicating the items and quantities of the relief supplies provided to the refugees are stored in the database in the terminal.

  When each of the above data is stored in a database, the shelter manager or the like can generally grasp the status of the shelter by browsing it. In other words, the number of evacuees accommodated in the evacuation site can be grasped from the above evacuee data, and the status of entry / exit of each evacuee can be known. In addition, the above-mentioned material data makes it possible to grasp the items and quantities of the received support materials and the support materials provided to the evacuees, and it is also possible to predict the materials and the amount that will be required in the future. In addition, if the evacuation site data is also stored, information can be smoothly provided to other evacuation centers and public offices by exchanging data or using the recovered communication line.

  In the management system described above, the refugee data stores information on the health of each refugee along with the ID number of the IC card and the entry / exit information held by each refugee, and does not include information that can identify an individual. It may be good.

Incorporating personal information that can identify individuals into the database as evacuee data, as described above, is time consuming to acquire and input it, and it is necessary to manage the information safely, making the system complicated and difficult to use. It will be a thing. Therefore, in the system of the invention, personal information that can identify an individual is not stored in the database, but the ID number of the IC card is linked to each individual, and entry / exit information and the like are superimposed on the ID number and handled as refugee data.
And when the acceptance of evacuees at the evacuation center is completed, information on the health of each evacuee, such as being injured or suffering from illness, the degree and necessity of care, age, gender, etc. Should be included in the refugee data based on reports from each person. In this way, it will be possible to appropriately request the support necessary for maintaining the health of the evacuees, and to appropriately distribute the received relief supplies. However, since personal information that can identify an individual is not included, there is no risk of generating a burden for preventing information leakage.

  The above management system is used in buildings where evacuees are expected to be accommodated in the event of a disaster (that is, in so-called designated shelters and other buildings that are likely to be used as shelters). It is preferable that one set or a plurality of sets are arranged according to the expected number of evacuees.

  Since the above management system is simply configured by small devices and has a low apparatus cost, even if it is arranged in advance in a building that is likely to be an evacuation shelter, no special burden is incurred with respect to cost and storage space. If placed in such a building in advance, the necessary evacuee data can be easily and quickly moved by using the system near the entrance of the building (that is, the place where the evacuees are accepted) when a disaster occurs. Evacuees can be accepted while collecting

The shelter management method according to the invention is
・ Use the above shelter management system in the event of a disaster,
・ Distribute and carry one IC card to each evacuee,
・ Let the terminal read the ID number attached to each IC card,
-The ID number is stored as refugee data in the database in the terminal as an identification code corresponding to each refugee.

Such a management method has the following advantages. That is,
・ Using the above management system that uses a mobile battery as a power source, it is possible to grasp evacuees' entry / exit information, etc. even in the event of a power outage.
・ Since evacuee data can be stored in the database in the terminal, information about evacuees can be obtained even when the Internet is not available.
・ Each refugee is given an identification number using an IC card stored in the evacuation center before the disaster occurs, and the entry / exit status of the refugee is recorded using the IC card. Appropriate evacuees can be managed even if you evacuate without holding.
・ Each refugee can be identified simply by reading an IC card, so the evacuee can be quickly accepted and managed easily.

In the above management method,
-When each evacuee goes out of the shelter and returns, the terminal reads the ID number of each IC card possessed by each person,
-It is good for the said terminal to update the entry / exit information of refugee data as what the refugee specified by the said ID number entered / exited in the database.
By doing so, the evacuation center manager, etc. can view the number of evacuees housed in the evacuation site by viewing the evacuee data in the terminal, and the entry / exit status of each refugee Can know.

Also, as the refugee data in the above database, information on the health of each refugee is stored together with the ID number of the IC card possessed by each refugee and the above entry / exit information so as not to include information that can identify an individual. It is preferable. Information on health refers to information indicating the degree of injuries and chronic illnesses of evacuees, information indicating the necessity of care, age, sex, and the like.
In this way, by storing health information along with ID numbers, etc., and not storing personally identifiable information, as described above, we can appropriately request external support for maintaining the health of evacuees, Distribution of received support supplies can be done appropriately. Moreover, since personal information that can identify an individual is not included, there is no burden on preventing information leakage.

Also,
・ When each refugee receives a distribution of relief supplies, by having each terminal read the IC card of each person,
The terminal may update the refugee data in the database as if the refugee specified by the ID number received the distribution.
By doing so, shelter managers, etc. can view how the food and other support supplies were distributed to each refugee by viewing the refugee data in the terminal. It is possible to achieve an even and fair distribution to

It is also preferable to provide the data stored in the database in the terminal outside the evacuation site via a portable external memory or via the same means when the communication means is restored.
The management system / management method of the invention does not presuppose communication means such as the Internet, but the data of refugees, etc. at the evacuation shelter is shared with administrative institutions, support groups, other refuges, etc. There is a need. Providing data related to evacuees outside the evacuation site may be done by copying the data to a portable external memory (USB memory, etc.) and physically carrying it while the communication means is interrupted. . When the communication means recovers, data may be provided to the outside via the means (Internet). By doing so, it is possible to share the information of each evacuation site with the outside and more appropriately support the refugees.

The invention shelter management system and shelter management method are:
-Since the equipment configuration is simple and low cost, it can be installed in a building that is likely to be a refuge before the disaster occurs, and can be used for the management of the refuge quickly when a disaster occurs.
-Since it can function with a mobile battery, it can be used even during power outages.
・ Since it is not premised on the use of the Internet, it is possible to save information on evacuees etc. even if the communication line is interrupted.
-Since each refugee is identified by the IC card that has been stockpiled, the refugee can be identified and managed even if the refugee evacuates without having anything.
・ Since each refugee is identified simply by reading an IC card, it is possible to easily and quickly accept refugees to the evacuation center. In this regard, if the personal information that can identify the refugee individual is not included in the data, a technical and mental burden related to information leakage prevention does not occur.

It is a functional block diagram which shows the shelter management kit 1 which comprises the shelter management system by invention. It is a conceptual diagram shown about distribution to each refuge of the kit 1 of FIG. It is a conceptual diagram which shows operation of the shelter management system by invention. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the information exchange method with other refuges etc. which are performed using the refuge management system by invention.

A shelter management system as an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This shelter management system is stored in a building or the like that can serve as a shelter in the event of a disaster, in the same way as equipment before the disaster occurs, and can be easily used by a non-person in charge when a disaster occurs. By using it properly, regardless of whether electricity or the Internet can be used, the evacuee accommodation status, refugee status, material distribution status, etc. of the evacuation site will be recorded, and the evacuation facility will be operated smoothly from the beginning. It is possible to support. In addition, when the electricity and Internet environment is restored after the evacuation center is opened, information can be shared with other evacuation centers and administrative / support organizations, and support for the provision of relief supplies and volunteers can be supported. .

The evacuation center management system is configured as equipment that is generally distributed and easily available as the evacuation center management kit 1 shown in FIG. The components are as shown in 1) to 4) below.
1) IC card (not shown): Used to identify evacuees. Stock up more than the number of people in each shelter.
2) Terminal (mobile terminal, that is, portable information terminal) 10: In order to operate the shelter management system, a terminal having the following functions is used. CPU: System processing Data storage: System database is saved Memory: System data is temporarily saved Monitor (touch panel): Display unit and input device Input device: Keyboard / mouse (option)
・ Data communication: Data transmission / reception, communication to the Internet ・ External storage device

3) Card reader 11: An IC card reader. It is used by connecting to the mobile terminal 10 described above. The IC card information (ID number) read by the card reader 11 is transmitted to the mobile terminal 10.
4) Mobile battery (secondary battery) 12: A battery used for the terminal 10. Since the current-carrying status is unknown at the time of a disaster, it is intended to enable operation even when electricity is stopped.

  The evacuation center management system configured by the kit 1 is assumed to be able to perform evacuation center management at various evacuation sites other than the designated evacuation site in addition to the operation at the designated evacuation center. In other words, by using a small device such as the mobile terminal 10 so as not to take up space even if stockpiled in a disaster prevention warehouse, etc., assuming not only designated evacuation shelters but also various nearby evacuation sites, It is also preferable to store a plurality of sets as shown in FIG.

This shelter management system is operated as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the server is operated on the GUI management screen by accessing the server in the terminal 10 from the client software in the terminal.
Further, if there is client software having the same function in another terminal (PC, tablet, smartphone, etc.) 10 ', operation from outside the terminal is possible by accessing the shelter management system through data communication.
The server is a WEB server that manages display / operation of a home page. By accessing the server with the client software (WEB browser) of each terminal 10, the WEB page is displayed and the operation is enabled. The WEB browser is software installed as a standard in PCs, tablets, and smartphones, and does not require a dedicated client, and can be used in the event of a disaster.

This shelter management system shown as an embodiment exhibits the following functions in each of the following modes 1) and 2). That is,
1) Card Reader Mode In the card reader mode, one of the following functions is performed when an IC card is held over the card reader 11 of the terminal 10 shown in FIG.
・ Inquiry / change of evacuees information ・ Distribution of equipment ・ Entrance / exit

2) Shelter management mode In the shelter management mode, shelter management that manages shelter information, shelter management that manages shelter information, and equipment management that manages equipment and support supplies stored in shelters In addition, each function is called a report. Details of each are as follows.
Shelter management:
・ Register, view, and change evacuation center information (name, address, representative, etc.).
・ There is also a “division management” function to identify the location of evacuees in the shelter.
Evacuee management:
・ Register, view and change information of evacuees (blood type, gender, etc.).
・ Displays history (equipment distribution / entry / exit / partition movement, etc.).
Equipment management:
・ Equipment: Registration, browsing and modification.
Report:
・ Collect reports on evacuees' accommodation status, stockpile distribution status and history.
-It is possible to cooperate with other systems by outputting in CSV format.

This shelter management system uses the following database for management.
Shelter database: Stores the data of shelters where shelter management systems are installed. This data includes information on shelters such as shelter name and address.
Evacuee database: Using the fact that the individual ID numbers are embedded in the IC cards, the evacuation center management system identifies the evacuees by associating the ID numbers of the IC cards with the evacuees. Information on evacuees is acquired and managed as necessary information for refugees in the operation of evacuation centers within a range that does not specify personal information such as blood type, gender, age, injury, and chronic illness.
Stockpile database: Stores information on equipment stored in shelters. The data includes equipment names, items, and numbers.
Activity log: Saves the operation history of the evacuation center management system, such as the update history of refugee information, the date and time of holding the IC card, and the consumption of equipment.

The handling of personal information is as follows.
In constructing a database of evacuees in the operation of shelters, handling personal information is one of the challenges. There are various factors, such as whether or not personal information can be obtained by evacuation centers and administrative organizations, and refugees from refugees themselves. In addition, when obtaining information to the extent that personal information is specified, strict management within the evacuation center is required, which may interfere with information sharing with third parties such as government and support organizations. Issues remain in places where communication is important.
Therefore, this evacuation center management system restricts information to the range necessary for the operation of the refuge, basically without specifying personal information, in order to avoid complicated operation.

The operation flow of this evacuee management system when a disaster occurs is as follows.
First, at the beginning of evacuation, the following is performed.
1. Accommodation of refugees in evacuation centers and evacuation sites
2. Distribute IC cards to evacuees
3. Read the IC card into the card reader of the terminal
4. Register evacuee information
5. Creation of statistical information In addition, when distributing stockpiles and support supplies, the following shall be performed.
1. Change terminal mode to distribution mode
2. Read IC card
3. Selection of distribution details
4. Distribution of stockpile
5. Check inventory

The operation flow when changing information is as follows.
1. Change the terminal mode to inquire and change evacuee information
2. Read IC card
3. Inquiry / change information
4. Confirmation of information When evacuees enter or leave the building, do the following.
1. Change the terminal mode to enter / exit
2. Read IC card
3. Selection of entry / exit
4. Information change

Data communication in this shelter management system is performed as follows.
Many management systems have the following issues in sharing information with other shelters by data communication and in cooperation with administrative and support organizations. That is,
・ Establishment of an environment (communication / electricity) such as the Internet is essential.
・ Limited to communication between the same systems,
-A dedicated parent system that manages the systems must be in operation.
In addition, a general system needs to be strictly managed from the viewpoint of maintaining personal information.
However, this refuge management system is based on sharing information widely, and it is possible to solve the above problems by taking the following method. That is, as shown in FIG.
-If you can share information with other shelters, and if you have physical access to the government / support organization, send data by connecting an external storage device (USB memory, etc.) to the terminal and transferring the data. Can do.
・ Establishing an information exchange network that is not affected by the environment / system status by exchanging information in a widely used file format that can be browsed even after the environment has not been installed and that can be viewed even if the evacuation center management system has not been installed. create.

This shelter management system shown as an embodiment can be expanded as follows.
Improvement of operability: Basically, the operation is performed on the touch panel of the terminal 10 in FIG. 1, but the screen is displayed by connecting a separate display (reference numeral 13 in FIG. 1) or an external device such as a keyboard / mouse (see FIG. 1). The operation can be expanded by the connection 14) in FIG.
Addition of reader (option): The terminal 10 has built-in software for converting a mobile terminal (having an IC card reading function) into a shelter management system reader. When a card reader breaks down at the time of a disaster and reading at a plurality of locations in an evacuation site is necessary, the software can be downloaded from the terminal 10 and installed to be used as a reader for the evacuation center management system. Note that the exchange of data between the terminal 10 and the reader can be selected from a batch processing format and a real-time processing format that are not easily influenced by the environment.
Addition of external input device of terminal 10 (optional): In the example shown in the figure, the card reader 11 that reads an IC card is used to operate the shelter management system. In addition, face authentication using a camera or beacon Various external input devices such as technology can be substituted.

1 shelter management kit (evacuation center management system)
10 terminal 11 card reader 12 mobile battery

Claims (9)

A system for recording and disclosing the status of shelters at the time of a disaster,
It consists of an IC card that is distributed to each inmate in the evacuation center, a portable information terminal that can read each IC card, and a mobile battery. A shelter management system that can store data in a database. When a disaster occurs, the above data
Shelter data including the name and address of the shelter;
Corresponding ID numbers of the IC cards distributed to each refugee are associated with each refugee, and the entry / exit information obtained by causing the terminal to read the IC card when each refugee enters / exits the respective ID Evacuee data recorded by number,
Support materials received from the outside by the evacuation shelter and materials data indicating the quantity and quantity of the support materials provided to the refugee,
The shelter management system according to claim 1, wherein the system is stored in a database in the terminal.   As the refugee data, information on the health of each refugee is stored together with the ID number of the IC card possessed by each refugee and the above-mentioned entrance / exit information, and information that can identify an individual is not included. Item 3. The shelter management system according to item 2.   One set or a plurality of sets are arranged in a building in which an evacuee is expected to be accommodated when a disaster occurs, according to the expected number of evacuees before the occurrence of the disaster. The shelter management system described in Crab. When a disaster occurs, use the shelter management system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Distribute each IC card to each evacuee and possess it.
Have the terminal read the ID number attached to each IC card,
The ID number is stored as evacuee data in the database in the terminal as an identification code corresponding to each evacuee. When each evacuee goes out of the shelter and returns, the terminal reads the ID number of each IC card possessed by each person,
The evacuation center management method according to claim 5, wherein the terminal adds entry / exit information to the refugee data as an entry of an evacuee identified by the ID number in the database. Information on the health of each evacuee is stored as the evacuee data in the above database together with the ID number of the IC card held by each evacuee and the above entry / exit information, and information that can identify an individual is not included. The shelter management method according to claim 5 or 6. When each refugee receives a distribution of support supplies, by causing the terminal to read the ID number of each IC card possessed by each person,
The evacuation center management according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the terminal updates the refugee data in the database, assuming that the refugee specified by the ID number has received the distribution. Method.   9. The data stored in the database in the terminal is provided outside the evacuation site via a portable external memory or via the means when the communication means is restored. The shelter management method described in Crab.

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