JP2019196685A - Granule spreading device and loading vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a compact granule spreading device and loading vehicle used for spreading granules such as an antifreezing agent and the like in which the device is mounted on a load-carrying platform and an electric actuator is efficiently used for spreading while controlling the spreading amount for cases such as the use of a large-capacity hopper and spreading using a vehicle battery as a power source.SOLUTION: The voltage of electricity drawn from a vehicle battery of a granule spreading device 1A for controlling a spreading amount and a spreading width of granules using the electricity of a vehicle battery 12 as a power source, so as to match spraying conditions, is boosted with a booster. An inverter is used as a controller based on the boosted electricity, and a geared motor of a three-phase motor is used as an actuator.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention charges a vehicle battery with electricity generated by an alternator that is mounted and fixed on a road surface and is attached to a vehicle engine, and which is equipped with a spraying device that sprays powder particles such as an antifreeze agent on the road surface. The present invention relates to a vehicle-mounted power system that is used for vehicle control, lighting, and the like, and is used for an electric actuator of a powder particle dispersion device.

  Conventionally, a granular material spraying device for spraying antifreezing agents, etc. on winter municipal roads is mounted on a loading platform of a vehicle, a hopper for storing the antifreezing agent powder particles, a spraying device for spraying the powder particles, and the above It consists of a conveying device that conveys the granular material required when the capacity of the hopper is large from the hopper to the spraying device. In the case where the actuator of the powder distribution device is an electric type, a vehicle battery is used as a power source, and a DC electric motor is used as an actuator. Also, the hydraulic power source and actuator of the powder and dust distribution device have a small engine mounted on the powder and particle distribution device, a hydraulic pump driven by the small engine as a power source and a hydraulic motor as an actuator. In general, the electric control was not performed until the speed control. Hydraulic control is performed by a valve that controls the amount of oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, and the speed of the actuator is controlled to control the spraying amount and spraying width of the granular material. Power transmission efficiency is bad.

  In addition, the spraying device of the hydraulic type powder and granular material is limited to the winter period during which the antifreezing agent, which is the main granular material, is sprayed. In addition, the hydraulic equipment may break down due to oil rust and the like, and the service life of the powder spraying device may be reduced.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a powder and particle dispersion device that is mounted on a truck bed and uses a DC electric motor that uses a vehicle as a power source as an actuator. In general, a single-layer DC motor has a capacity three times the rated torque, but it is difficult to control the speed to determine the conveyance amount and spread width of the granular material and varies depending on the load resistance. It is difficult to stably control the spread rate and spread width.

Public Opening 07-20212 Japanese Laid-Open Patent Application No. 08-199525

  The problem to be solved is mounted on the loading platform of the vehicle, used for spraying granular materials such as antifreeze agents, etc., using the vehicle battery as a power source, and controlling the spray width of the granular material and the spraying amount in the case of a large capacity hopper Then, the electric actuator used for spraying and spraying is to make the powder particle spraying device efficient and compact.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is to drive and adjust the spraying width and spraying amount of the powdered material using the vehicle battery as a power source to suit the spraying conditions. It is a power source, a control device, and an actuator of a powder and particle distribution device for control.

  The object of the first invention is to provide a three-phase motor that has good transmission efficiency, can be miniaturized and can be easily controlled in the spraying device that is an actuator of the powder particle spraying device mounted on the vehicle, and drives the three-phase motor. Control is performed by an inverter that is paired with the three-phase motor and has good efficiency and controllability, and the power supply voltage supplied to the inverter is stably boosted from the vehicle battery voltage by a booster, and the output voltage of the vehicle battery varies. Alternatively, even if the load of the three-phase motor fluctuates, the rotation does not fluctuate and the spread width is stably spread.

  In 2nd invention, the three-phase motor which is the actuator of the said conveying apparatus and the conveying apparatus which conveys a granular material to the said dispersing apparatus and controls the amount of said conveying apparatus was added, and the electric power from the said pressure | voltage riser was shared. Is. The actuator of the transfer device is also a three-phase motor that has good transmission efficiency and can be downsized and easily controlled, and the three-phase motor is driven and controlled by an inverter that is paired with the three-phase motor and has good efficiency and controllability. Furthermore, the rotation amount does not fluctuate even when the load of the plurality of actuators fluctuates by the booster device, and the spray amount is stably supplied.

  In the third aspect of the invention, a geared motor that is attached to the output shaft of the three-phase motor at the speed reducer input unit that obtains proper rotation and torque and is compact is made compact and lightweight, and the transport device and the scattering disk device are easy to attach. It is to make it an actuator.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the booster from the vehicle battery power source is a boost DC-DC converter, and the voltage is stably boosted to a high-voltage DC voltage driving the three-phase motor from the boost DC-DC converter, Enable stable rotation even when the load on the three-phase motor fluctuates.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the electricity from the vehicle battery is converted into a step-up DC-AC inverter, and the voltage is stably boosted to an AC voltage for driving the three-phase motor from the step-up DC-AC inverter. Enable stable rotation even when the motor load fluctuates.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured to boost the voltage of a vehicle battery by a booster as a power source of a powder particle disperser mounted on a cargo bed of a vehicle, and drive and control it by an inverter. Thus, there is an advantage that a compact and efficient control can be easily performed by using the three-phase motor for the actuator of the spraying device of the powder particle spraying device.

  Further, the invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is that the actuator for the conveying device of the vehicle-mounted powder particle distribution device is also compact and efficient as in the case of the distribution device. In the same way as the above, there is an advantage that compact and efficient control can be easily performed.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention contributes to improving the efficiency by making the torque high and making it compact by using a geared motor in which the reducer is attached to the output part of the three-phase motor as the actuator of the powder particle dispersion device. To do.

  The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is that an advantage of using a DC power supply type inverter for driving and controlling the three-phase motor can be obtained by using a boosting DC-DC converter as the boosting device. .

  Further, the invention according to claim 5 of the present invention can obtain an advantage of using a single-phase AC power supply type inverter that drives and controls the three-phase motor by using a step-up DC-AC inverter as the step-up device. It is in.

Side view (Example 1) which shows the granular material dispersion | spreading apparatus and mounted vehicle of this invention Side view (Example 2) which shows the granular material spraying apparatus with a conveyor of this invention, and a mounting vehicle Electric block diagram showing an outline of implementation of the granular material spraying device and the mounted vehicle of the present invention Example (Example 3) in which a step-up DC-DC converter is used in the granular material spraying device of the present invention Example (step 4) in which a step-up DC-AC inverter is used in the powder particle spreader of the present invention

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of a powder particle spraying device and a mounted vehicle according to the present invention. A granular material spraying device (with a spraying device) 1A includes a spraying device 3 that rotates a hopper 2 that accumulates powder particles and a scattering disk 3A to spread widely according to the centrifugal force. The spraying device 3 attaches a rotating disk 3A to a spraying geared motor 6 integrally formed with a spraying three-phase motor 6A and a spraying speed reducer 6B, and transmits the rotation of the spraying geared motor 6 to the spraying disk 3A. It spreads to the width | variety matched with the rotation speed by the centrifugal force of 3A rotation.

  FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the granular material spraying device and the mounted vehicle according to the present invention. A granular material spraying device (with a spraying device and a transport device) 1B includes a hopper 2 and a transport device 4 that transports the hopper 2 to the spray device 3. A conveyor-type drive system will be described as an example of the conveying device 4 shown in the figure. A transport geared motor 5 integrally configured with a transport three-phase motor 5A and a transport speed reducer 5B, which are actuators of the transport device 4, is mounted on the conveyor drive shaft 4A. The configuration of the spraying device 3 is the same as in the previous section.

The transport geared motor 5 and the spray geared motor 6 are the transport three-phase motor 5A and the spray three-phase motor 6A are, for example, a three-phase motor with a rated rotation of 1,800 min ⁻¹ , the transport device 4 and the spray device 3. compact rotation is too fast and is rotated at the three-phase motor capacity maximum rotational 1,800Min ^-1 for lightweight, so can not be eligible to transport and spraying the granular material, the maximum rating of the conveying apparatus 4 and spraying device 3 If the rotation is 300 min ⁻¹ , the reduction ratio of the geared motor of the transporting speed reducer 5B and the spraying speed reducer 6B is reduced to about 1/6, thereby reducing the size and weight.

  A vehicle 7 equipped with the powder particle dispersion apparatus 1A or 1B described in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a driver's seat 8 that is driven and operated, an engine 9 that generates travel driving power, and a rear wheel that travels and receives driving force of the engine 9. 10B, a front wheel 10A for traveling steering, an alternator 11 attached to the engine 9 to generate direct current electricity by its driving force, a traveling battery 12 for charging direct current electricity from the alternator 11 and supplying it to necessary equipment and a granular material dispersing apparatus 1 It consists of the main part of the loading platform 13 to carry.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic electric circuit diagram related to the powder particle dispersion device (with a dispersion device and a conveying device) 1B and the mounted vehicle 7 according to the present invention. Electricity is generated by an alternator 11 attached to the engine 9, and the electricity is charged in a vehicle battery 12. Electricity charged in the vehicle battery 12 is boosted to high voltage single-phase electricity by a booster 14 to a voltage necessary for driving and controlling a three-phase motor as an actuator, and supplied to the spraying inverter 15 and the conveying inverter 16. Is done. The spraying inverter 15 sends electricity to the spraying three-phase motor 6A to control driving. The transfer inverter 16 sends electricity to the transfer three-phase motor 5A to drive and control it.

  FIG. 4 is a block diagram using a DC-DC conversion full-bridge boost DC-DC converter 14A which is an embodiment of the booster 14 according to the present invention. DC electricity from the battery for traveling 13 is converted into AC electricity by the PWM circuit 17, the converted AC electricity is increased in voltage by the transformer 18, and the increased high voltage AC electricity is converted into high voltage DC electricity by the diode rectifier circuit 19. The control device 20 performs control so that the converted voltage becomes the set voltage. The converted DC high-voltage electricity is converted into drive control electricity by the conveying inverter 15 and the dispersing inverter 16 to drive the conveying three-phase motor 6A and the dispersing three-phase motor 6B.

  FIG. 5 is a block diagram using a DC-AC conversion bridge type boost DC-AC inverter 14B which is an embodiment of the booster 14 according to the present invention. Direct current electricity from the battery for traveling 13 is converted into alternating current electricity by the PWM circuit 17, and the converted alternating current electricity is increased in voltage by the transformer 18 and controlled by the control device 20 so that the increased AC voltage becomes a set voltage. The high-voltage AC high-voltage electricity is converted into drive control electricity by the conveying inverter 15 and the dispersing inverter 16 to drive the conveying three-phase motor 6A and the dispersing three-phase motor 6B.

(Other embodiments)
In the present invention, it is only necessary to use a three-phase motor for an actuator of a conveying device or / and a spraying device other than the above embodiment. Further, the boosting device may have an electric circuit configuration for stably boosting DC electricity.
Further, the internal circuit configurations of the DC-DC converter and the DC-AC inverter show one embodiment, and the scope of the present technology is within the scope of the present technology if the same function is achieved in other circuit configurations.
Further, there are various types of three-phase motors such as an IPM motor, an SPM motor, a synchronous motor, and a synchronous reluctance motor, and those that are controlled and driven by three-phase wiring with an inverter are within the technical scope of the present invention.

1A granular material sprayer (with sprayer)
1B granular material spraying device (with spraying device and transport device)
2 Hopper 3 Spreading device 3A Spreading disk 4 Conveying device 4A Conveyor drive shaft 5 Conveying geared motor 5A Conveying three-phase motor 5B Conveying speed reducer 6 Scattering geared motor 6A Scattering three-phase motor 6B Scattering speed reducer 7 Vehicle 8 Driver's cab 9 Engine 10A Front wheel 10B Rear wheel 11 Alternator (Figures 1 and 2 show broken lines)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 Vehicle battery 13 Loading platform 14 Booster 14A Boost DC-DC converter 14B Boost DC-AC inverter 15 Scattering inverter 16 Carrying inverter 17 PWM circuit 18 Transformer 19 Diode rectifier circuit 20 Controller

Claims (5)

  An electric power generated by an alternator attached to an engine is charged to a vehicle battery, and the charged electricity is used for the engine, vehicle control, lighting, and the like, and a hopper for loading the powder and a spraying device for spraying the powder A particulate spraying device mounted on a vehicle is mounted on a loading platform of the vehicle, the spraying actuator of the spraying device is used as a three-phase motor, the charged electricity is boosted by a boosting device, and the boosted electricity is used as a power source. A powder dispersion device and a vehicle equipped with a structure and a power system comprising an inverter that controls and drives in a pair with a phase motor.   In the granular material dispersing device mounted in the vehicle according to claim 1, a conveying actuator for conveying the granular material loaded in the hopper to the dispersing device is a three-phase motor, and the driving / control of the three-phase motor is performed as described above. 2. The powder particle disperser and the mounted vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: a transport device that is paired with the three-phase motor of the transport device and is controlled and driven by an inverter using electricity from a booster as a power source.   3. The granular material spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the electric actuator is a geared motor having a configuration in which a reduction gear is attached to the three-phase motor output unit.   4. The on-vehicle powder particle distribution device according to claim 1, wherein the boosting device has a constant voltage high voltage direct current output from the step-up DC-DC converter.   4. The on-vehicle granular material spraying device according to claim 1, wherein the boosting device has a boosted DC-AC inverter whose output is a constant voltage single-phase high-voltage AC electricity and the mounting. vehicle.

Images