JP2017128880A - Compaction machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compaction machine capable of achieving output equivalent to a conventional one even when a small-sized internal combustion engine is adopted.SOLUTION: A compaction machine includes an internal combustion engine, a pair of drums as a front wheel and a rear wheel, a hydraulic motor for rotating the drums by power supplied from the internal combustion engine, a generator connected to the internal combustion engine, a storage battery connected to the generator, an electric motor connected to the generator, and a vibration shaft driven and rotated by the electric motor in the inside of at least one of the drums of the front wheel and the rear wheel. The generator and the storage battery are connected in parallel with respect to the electric motor.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

  The present invention relates to compaction machines.

  Generally, a compacting machine having a roller for rolling a road surface is used for finishing a paved road. Patent Document 1 describes such a compacting machine that includes a vibration shaft that imparts vibration to a roller.

JP-A-7-11605

  In recent years, it has been recommended to use a compacting machine that suppresses the emission of harmful gases as the awareness of environmental issues increases. However, enormous costs are required to remove harmful components in the gas. Therefore, development of a compacting machine that reduces emission of harmful gases by downsizing the engine is in progress, but there is a problem that sufficient output cannot be obtained compared to the conventional one. In particular, in a compacting machine having a vibration shaft that operates via a conventional hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor, a high output is required when starting the vibration shaft while traveling, and a small engine must provide this output. It was difficult.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a compacting machine that realizes an output comparable to that of a conventional engine even when a small engine is employed.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the internal combustion engine, a pair of drums as a front wheel and a rear wheel, a hydraulic motor that rotates the drum by power supplied from the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine are connected. Inside the drum of one or both of a generator, a storage battery connected to the generator, an electric motor (and a controller) connected to the generator (and storage battery), a front wheel and a rear wheel And a vibration shaft driven and rotated by the electric motor, and the generator and the storage battery are connected in parallel to the electric motor.
In addition, a storage battery is a battery for motor starting, and various batteries represented by a lead storage battery and a lithium ion battery can be used.

  In the compacting machine having the vibration shafts in the drums of both the front wheels and the rear wheels, a pair of the electric motors that respectively drive and rotate the vibration shafts of the front wheels and the rear wheels, and a pair of the electric motors A pair of vibration activation switches and a controller that are individually activated may be provided, and the pair of electric motors (and the controller) may be connected in parallel to each other. In addition, the pair of vibration activation switches may perform activation and rotation control of the electric motor via corresponding control controllers.

  Both of the pair of vibration activation switches may be arranged on the right hand side or the left hand side for the driver.

  The electric motor may have a configuration in which a vibration activation switch capable of controlling the rotation speed of the electric motor and a control controller are connected.

  According to the present invention, since the generator and the storage battery are connected in parallel to the electric motor, it is possible to supplement the peak power when starting the vibration with the generator and the storage battery. As a result, it is possible to provide a compacting machine that realizes hybridization with improved energy efficiency and downsizes the engine.

1 is a side view of a compaction machine of one embodiment. FIG. Sectional drawing of the front-wheel drum which follows the II-II line of FIG. 1 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram of a compaction machine according to an embodiment. FIG. The schematic diagram which shows the operation part of the compaction machine of one Embodiment. The graph which shows the change with time of the electric current value which flows into the system of the compacting machine of one embodiment.

  Hereinafter, a compacting machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, in order to make a feature easy to understand, each drawing may show an enlarged portion as a feature for convenience, and a dimensional ratio of each component is not always the same as an actual one.

In the following description, the front-rear direction means the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling direction of the compacting machine 1. Furthermore, the front-rear direction is assumed to be one direction in a horizontal plane unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the left-right direction is one direction in a horizontal plane unless otherwise specified, and is a direction orthogonal to the front-rear direction.
In this specification, extending in the front-rear direction (or extending in the front-rear direction) includes not only strictly extending in the front-rear direction but also extending in a direction inclined by less than 45 ° with respect to the front-rear direction. . Similarly, in this specification, extending in the left-right direction (or extending in the left-right direction) means a range of less than 45 ° with respect to the radial direction in addition to extending in a direction strictly perpendicular to the left-right direction. It also includes the case of extending in the inclined direction.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a compaction machine 1 according to an embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the compacting machine 1 includes a front body frame 10, a front wheel drum (drum) 4 provided at a front portion of the front body frame 10, a rear body frame 20, and a rear portion of the rear body frame 20. A rear wheel drum (drum) 5 provided on the front body frame 10 and a connecting portion 3 positioned between the front body frame 10 and the rear body frame 20. A front wheel electric motor (electric motor) 61A and a rear wheel electric motor (electric motor) for vibrating the front wheel drum 4 and the rear wheel drum 5 are respectively arranged on the central axes J of the front wheel drum 4 and the rear wheel drum 5. 61B is provided.

  The front body frame 10 includes a pair of bracket members 2 that are located on both sides in the left-right direction. Similarly, the rear body frame 20 includes a pair of bracket members 2 that are located on both sides in the left-right direction. The pair of bracket members 2 support the front wheel drum 4 or the rear wheel drum 5.

  The front body frame 10 is provided with an engine room 12 that houses an engine (internal combustion engine) 11, an alternator (generator) 13, and a storage battery 14. In addition, in the engine room 12, although not shown, a fuel tank, a hydraulic oil tank, and the like are accommodated.

The rear body frame 20 includes a driver seat 21 and an operation unit 22 positioned in front of the driver seat 21. The operation unit 22 is provided with components related to the operation of the compacting machine 1 such as the handle 23 and the operation panel 25.
The connecting portion 3 connects the front body frame 10 and the rear body frame 20 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. The connecting unit 3 changes the connecting angle between the front body frame 10 and the rear body frame 20 in accordance with the operation of the handle 23 of the operating unit 22 and switches the traveling direction of the compacting machine 1.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the front wheel drum 4 taken along line II-II in FIG. The front wheel drum 4 includes a cylindrical drum main body 40, and a first circular plate 41 and a second circular plate 42 that partition the inside of the drum main body 40. The drum body 40 is made of steel and extends along a central axis J that extends in the vehicle left-right direction. The 1st circular board 41 and the 2nd circular board 42 are arrange | positioned through the predetermined clearance gap in the left-right direction. The first circular plate 41 and the second circular plate 42 are welded and fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the drum body 40 at the periphery.

  The bracket member 2 that supports the front wheel drum 4 (or the rear wheel drum 5) is fixed to the front body frame 10 and extends downward, and is positioned at the lower end of the external support plate 2a and folded inward in the left-right direction. It has the bending piece 2c which bends, and the internal support plate part 2b extended below from the left-right direction inner side end of the bending piece 2c.

A traveling device 50 and a vibration generator 60 are provided inside the drum body 40.
The traveling device 50 is mainly disposed on the right side (the right side in FIG. 2) of the drum body 40 in the traveling direction. The traveling device 50 includes a hydraulic motor 51, a rotating disk 52, a ring-shaped plate member 53, and a plurality of rubber members 54. The traveling device 50 is fixed to the bracket member 2 on the right side in the traveling direction among the pair of bracket members 2 that support the front wheel drum 4.

  The hydraulic motor 51 is fixed to the mounting hole 2d of the internal support plate portion 2b of the bracket member 2 on the right side in the traveling direction. Hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic motor 51 from a hydraulic pump (not shown) driven by the engine 11. As a result, the hydraulic motor 51 rotates, and the rotating disk 52 rotates around the central axis J along with this rotation. The rotating disk 52 is connected to a ring-shaped plate member 53. Further, the ring-shaped plate member 53 is fixed to the second circular plate 42 through rubber members 54 arranged at equal intervals around the central axis J. Since the second circular plate 42 is fixed to the drum body 40, the drum body 40 rotates around the central axis J as the hydraulic motor 51 rotates. As the drum body 40 rotates, the compacting machine 1 advances in the front-rear direction. Note that the hydraulic motor 51 can reverse the rotation direction by switching the intake / exhaust direction of the hydraulic pressure by switching the switching valve provided in the supply path from the hydraulic pump. As a result, the compacting machine 1 can travel forward and backward.

  The vibration generator 60 includes a front wheel electric motor 61A, a coupling member 67, a vibration shaft 62, a first bearing 65a, a pair of second bearings 65b, a pair of bearing holders 64a and 64b, and a cup. It has a ring member holder 66, a support plate 69, and a plurality of rubber members 68.

  The front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A is disposed on the left side in the traveling direction of the drum body 40. The front wheel electric motor 61A is inserted into the mounting hole 2d of the internal support plate portion 2b of the bracket member 2 on the left side in the traveling direction, and is disposed with a clearance from the inner peripheral surface of the mounting hole 2d. The front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A is fixed to the support plate 69. Further, the support plate 69 is fixed to the internal support plate portion 2b of the bracket member 2 via a plurality of rubber members 68 arranged at equal intervals around the central axis J. The front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A includes a rotation shaft 61 a extending along the central axis J. The rotary shaft 61 a is connected to the vibration shaft 62 via a coupling member 67. The front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A can rotate the vibration shaft 62 by power supply from an alternator 13 or a storage battery 14 described later.

  The pair of bearing holders 64 a and 64 b is fixed to a through hole provided at the center of the first circular plate 41 and the second circular plate 42. The pair of bearing holders 64a and 64b respectively support the outer ring of the second bearing 65b.

  The vibration shaft 62 extends in the left-right direction (that is, the axial direction of the front drum 4) about the central axis J. The vibration shaft 62 is rotatably supported with respect to the first circular plate 41 and the second circular plate 42 via the second bearing 65b and the bearing holders 64a and 64b in the vicinity of both ends thereof. The vibration shaft 62 includes a pair of eccentric weights 63 fixed between the pair of second bearings 65b through a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction. The pair of eccentric weights 63 protrudes and is fixed in one direction among the circumferential directions with respect to the central axis J. The center of gravity of the vibration shaft 62 is shifted in one of the circumferential directions by the eccentric weight 63. For this reason, vibration is generated by the vibration shaft 62 rotating.

  The coupling member 67 connects the rotary shaft 61a and the vibration shaft 62 of the front wheel electric motor 61A. The coupling member 67 is rotatably supported by a coupling member holder 66 via a bearing (detailed illustration is omitted). In addition, the coupling member holder 66 is fixedly supported by the support plate 69 and is rotatably supported by the bearing holder 64a via the first bearing 65a.

The vibration generator 60 enables the drum body 40 to rotate with respect to the bracket member 2 with the above-described configuration, and can support the vibration shaft 62 rotatably with respect to the bracket member 2 and the drum body 40. Further, the vibration can be generated by rotating the vibration shaft 62 by the front wheel electric motor 61A.
The vibration generating device 60 may further include a cover member that covers the front wheel electric motor 61A from the outside in the left-right direction.

  Here, although each structure inside the front-wheel drum 4 was demonstrated, the rear-wheel drum 5 also has the same structure inside. In addition, the structure (hydraulic motor etc.) which concerns on the traveling apparatus 50 should just be provided in any one among the front-wheel drum 4 and the rear-wheel drum 5. FIG.

<System>
FIG. 3 is a schematic electric circuit diagram of the compacting machine 1 including the alternator 13, the storage battery 14, the controller 70A, 70B, the front wheel electric motor 61A, and the rear wheel electric motor 61B. Note that FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram only, and various configurations such as a control contactor, a diode, and a relay are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the alternator 13 and the storage battery 14 are connected in parallel to the pair of electric motors 61A and 61B. The pair of electric motors 61A and 61B are connected in parallel to each other via the control controllers 70A and 70B. In other words, the alternator 13, the storage battery 14, the front wheel electric motor 61A, and the rear wheel electric motor 61B are all connected in parallel.

  The alternator 13 is mechanically connected to the engine 11 and generates power as the engine 11 rotates. Thereby, the alternator 13 causes a potential difference between the positive electrode and the negative electrode to flow a current I through the conductive wire connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the alternator. The electromotive force of the alternator 13 is, for example, 26V to 30.5V.

The front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A rotates the vibration shaft 62 of the front wheel drum 4. Further, the rear wheel electric motor 61B and the vibration shaft 62 of the rear wheel drum 5 are rotationally driven.
The first vibration start switch 24A and the second vibration start switch 24B function as an opening / closing device that switches the circuit on and off. By turning on the first vibration activation switch 24A, the current i1 flows through the front wheel electric motor 61A, and the front wheel electric motor 61A rotates. Similarly, by turning on the second vibration activation switch 24B, it is possible to rotate the rear wheel electric motor 61B by passing the current i2. Further, the first vibration start switch 24A and the second vibration start switch 24B have variable resistors that can change the resistance value by rotating, for example. The first control controller 70A and the second control controller 70B allow the driver to change the rotation angle of the first vibration start switch 24A or the second vibration start switch 24B, so that the rotation speeds of the electric motors 61A and 61B are changed. It is good also as a structure which adjusts the strength of a vibration by changing.

  The storage battery 14 has a positive electrode side connected to the positive electrode side of the alternator 13 and a negative electrode side connected to the negative electrode side of the alternator 13. The storage battery 14 can be a lead storage battery or a lithium ion battery.

  The storage battery 14 is discharged and causes the current ia to flow when a large current is required for the operation of the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B. Thereby, the storage battery 14 rotates the front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A and the rear wheel electric motor 61 </ b> B together with the alternator 13. Further, the front wheel electric motor 61 </ b> A and the rear wheel electric motor 61 </ b> B rotate the vibration shaft 62. On the other hand, when the charge amount of the storage battery 14 decreases and the discharge voltage of the storage battery 14 decreases, the storage battery 14 is charged with the current ib flowing from the alternator 13. At this time, the alternator 13 charges the storage battery 14 and drives the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B.

  As is generally known, the torque for rotating the shaft body shows a peak when the rotation starts (at the time of starting). Since the vibration shaft 62 of the present embodiment has the eccentric weight 63, the inertia moment is large and the starting torque is particularly large. Therefore, in order to cover the starting torque with the electric power generated by the alternator 13, a large engine is required and the energy efficiency is poor. According to the present embodiment, since the storage battery 14 and the alternator 13 are connected to each other in parallel, the storage battery 14 can supplement the large power required for the starting torque. Thereby, an engine can be reduced in size and the power supply system with high energy efficiency can be comprised.

  FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the operation unit 22 provided in front of the driver's seat of the compacting machine 1. In FIG. 4, a driver D who operates the compacting machine 1 is schematically shown.

The operation unit 22 includes a handle 23 and an operation panel 25.
The handle 23 is disposed in front of the driver D.
The operation panel 25 is disposed on the back side of the handle 23 when viewed from the driver D. The operation panel 25 includes a pair of vibration operation units 79 for starting the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B, a key switch 75 for starting the engine 11, and a display unit 26 for displaying vehicle information. And switches 27 for starting vehicle lights and the like.

  The pair of vibration operation portions 79 correspond to the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B, respectively. The vibration operation unit 79 includes an indicator lamp 79d and an operation lever 79c corresponding to the first or second vibration activation switch 24A, 24B. The operation lever 79c is provided to switch on / off the vibration activation switches 24A and 24B that activate the electric motors 61A and 61B and to change the rotation speed of the vibration shaft. That is, the operator of the compacting machine 1 operates the operation lever 79c to start the electric motors 61A and 61B and adjust the rotation speed. The pair of indicator lamp lighting sections 79a are turned on according to the on / off of the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B.

The pair of operation levers 79 c (that is, the first vibration activation switch 24 </ b> A and the second vibration activation switch 24 </ b> B) of this embodiment are both disposed on the right hand side of the driver D facing the handle 23. Thereby, the driver D is difficult to operate the pair of operation levers 79c at the same time. That is, according to the present embodiment, it is possible to prevent the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B from being activated simultaneously. The compacting machine 1 reduces the engine size by supplementing the power required for the starting torque with the storage battery 14. If the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B are started at the same time, the power required for the starting torque may be insufficient. According to the present embodiment, the arrangement of the operation lever 79c can suppress the simultaneous activation of the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B, and ensure the electric power required to activate the respective motors.
The same effect can be achieved when the pair of operation levers 79c are arranged on the left hand side of the driver D.
The operation panel 25 of the present embodiment is provided with a pair of vibration operation portions 79 corresponding to the front wheels and the rear wheels. However, you may have the vibration operation part 79 which starts a front wheel and a rear wheel simultaneously. Even in this case, by using the storage battery 14 having a sufficient voltage and current capacity, it is possible to secure power for starting the front and rear motors simultaneously.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the change over time of the current value flowing through the entire system in the compacting machine 1 of the present embodiment. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents time, and the vertical axis represents the current value. In FIG. 5, the driver D turns on the first vibration activation switch 24A at time t = 0, and turns on the second vibration activation switch 24B at time t = t1. The current value I _P in FIG. 5, a front wheel electric motor 61A or the rear wheel electric motor 61B is a steady-state current at the time of the stable rotation. The current value _IPP is a peak current value when the front wheel electric motor 61A or the rear wheel electric motor 61B is started. Current I _A is the maximum current value that can be covered by the power generation by the alternator 13.

When the driver D turns ON the first vibration activation switch 24A, the front wheel electric motor 61A is activated. A peak current value _IPP flows through the front wheel electric motor 61A immediately after startup. Peak current value _{I PP} is greater than the maximum current value _{I A} of the alternator 13. Therefore, the area A1 exceeds the current _{I A} is covered by the storage battery 14. Current flowing through the front wheel electric motor 61A is a steady-state current value I _P to gradually reach a stable time t = t1.

The driver D turns on the second vibration activation switch at time t = t1 to activate the rear wheel electric motor 61B. A peak current value _IPP flows through the rear wheel electric motor 61B immediately after startup. Therefore, as a whole system, a current value of the sum (I _P + I _PP ) of the steady current value I _P and the peak current value I _PP of the front wheel electric motor 61A flows, and a region A2 exceeding the current value I _A Covered by storage battery 14. Current flowing through the front wheel electric motor 61A is a steady-state current value I _P to gradually reach a stable time t = t2. Accordingly, the sum (2 × I _P ) of the steady current values I _P of the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B flows as the entire system.

  Since the alternator 13 and the storage battery 14 are connected in parallel, of the power generated by the alternator 13, the power not used for driving the front wheel electric motor 61A and the rear wheel electric motor 61B is charged to the storage battery 14. . More specifically, in FIG. 5, the currents in the regions B <b> 1 and B <b> 2 flow into the storage battery 14 and act on the charging of the storage battery 14.

<Summary>
According to the compacting machine 1 of the present embodiment, since the storage battery 14 and the alternator 13 are connected in parallel to each other, the peak power when starting vibration can be supplemented by the storage battery 14. Thereby, an engine can be reduced in size and the power supply system with high energy efficiency can be comprised. The conventional compaction machine employs a hydraulic motor as a power source for the vibration shaft 62. In such a conventional structure, it is necessary to employ a large engine in order to cover the starting torque of the hydraulic motor. That is, according to the compaction machine 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to employ a smaller engine and realize a configuration that emits less exhaust gas than in the past. Further, since a vibration generating hydraulic motor is not used, piping equipment for supplying hydraulic oil to the vibration generating hydraulic motor is not required. Thereby, maintainability can be improved.

Although various embodiments of the present invention have been described above, each configuration in each embodiment and combinations thereof are examples, and addition, omission, replacement, and configuration of configurations are within the scope without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Other changes are possible. Further, the present invention is not limited by the embodiment.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the compaction machine 1 is provided with the electric motor in both the front wheel drum 4 and the rear wheel drum 5, but may be provided in either one. In this case, the front wheel or the rear wheel not provided with the electric motor may be a tire.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Compaction machine 4, 5 ... Drum, 11 ... Engine (internal combustion engine), 13 ... Alternator (generator), 14 ... Storage battery, 24A, 24B ... Vibration start switch, 51 ... Hydraulic motor, 61A, 61B ... Electric Motor 62 ... Vibrating shaft 63 ... Eccentric weight 70A, 70B ... Control controller D ... Driver

Claims (4)

An internal combustion engine and a pair of drums as front and rear wheels;
A hydraulic motor for rotating the drum by power supplied from the internal combustion engine;
A generator connected to the internal combustion engine;
A storage battery connected to the generator;
An electric motor connected to the generator;
A vibration shaft driven and rotated by the electric motor inside the drum of either one or both of the front wheel and the rear wheel, and
A compacting machine in which the generator and the storage battery are connected in parallel to the electric motor. In a compacting machine having the vibrating shaft in the drums of both the front wheel and the rear wheel,
A pair of the electric motors for driving and rotating the vibration shafts of the front wheels and the rear wheels;
A pair of vibration activation switches and a controller for individually starting the pair of electric motors,
The compacting machine according to claim 1, wherein the pair of electric motors are connected in parallel to each other.   The compacting machine according to claim 2, wherein each of the pair of vibration activation switches is disposed on the right hand side or the left hand side for the driver.   The compacting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electric motor is connected to a vibration start switch capable of controlling a rotation speed of the electric motor and a control controller.

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