JP2019193694A - Method for manufacturing ankle foot orthosis, and ankle foot orthosis - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide an ankle foot orthosis facilitating a supination operation and a pronation operation of a foot to support proper walking: and to provide a method for manufacturing the ankle foot orthosis.SOLUTION: An ankle foot orthosis 1 includes: a sole wearing part 2 worn on the sole part; and a lower thigh wearing part 3 worn on the lower thigh part. The sole wearing part 2 and the lower thigh wearing part 3 are connected via a foot inner connection part 4 and a foot outer connection part 5. The foot inner connection part 4 has a rotatory shaft a2 located at a position almost corresponding to a malleolus medialis endpoint of an affected foot. The foot outer connection part 5 has the rotary shaft a2 at a position almost corresponding to a malleolus lateralis endpoint of the affected foot. According to the constitution above, a supination operation and a pronation operation of the affected foot are not inhibited, so that smooth dorsiflexion exercise can be performed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a short leg brace and a short leg brace. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a short leg brace that supports proper walking by promoting the supination effect and the pronation effect of the foot, and the short leg brace.

  Disorders where the ankle joint cannot be freely moved by one's own intention may occur due to hemiplegia or peripheral nerve paralysis due to stroke, cerebral blood flow, or cerebral infarction. A patient who suffers from such a disorder cannot make a smooth weight shift because his / her toes hang down during his / her walk (hanging legs), making walking difficult.

  Conventionally, patients with such drooping foot symptoms have difficulty in walking because their toes get caught on the floor, etc., so the short leg brace is generally used as an assisting device to achieve healthy walking. Has been.

  In the past, metal short leg braces have been mainly used as such short leg braces. However, the metal short leg brace is heavy, and does not always look good and is easy to use.

  Thus, in recent years, plastic or synthetic resin short leg braces that have been reduced in weight and improved in appearance have become mainstream.

  For example, Patent Literature 1 discloses a short leg brace that is made of a relatively hard synthetic resin and has a sole plate portion on which a sole is placed and a lower leg attachment portion that is attached to the lower leg, which are integrally formed continuously. Has been. According to this short leg brace, the weight of the entire brace is reduced and the appearance is improved. In addition, the sole plate part and the lower leg attachment part are integrally molded, so that the ankle plantar flexion motion (in the direction that the toes hang down) Both bending) and dorsiflexion movement (bending in the direction in which the toes lift) are prevented, and the drooping foot can be corrected.

  However, as in the short leg brace described in Patent Document 1, if the ankle joint is firmly fixed and both the plantar flexion motion and the dorsiflexion motion are prevented, the ankle joint becomes almost immovable and walking Has the disadvantage of becoming unnatural. In particular, for patients in the acute phase and recovery phase in which gait training is started, there is a possibility that recovery may be hindered by training with such a short leg brace.

  Thus, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses a short leg brace having an auxiliary function for assisting a plantar flexion operation after a patient's heel is placed on the ground.

  Specifically, the short leg brace is composed of a lower leg mounting part, a sole plate part to be attached to the sole, a damper, and a connecting shaft. A guide block, a link, and a short leg brace are provided at the movable end of the damper. Has a guide rail extending in the front-rear direction of the patient when attached to the patient. The lower end of the link is fixed to the sole plate part, and the upper end is slidably engaged with the guide rail. In such a coupling mechanism, the link engaged with the guide rail in conjunction with the swing of the sole plate part moves the guide block linearly along the longitudinal direction of the lower leg, thereby fixing it to the lower leg attachment part. The functioned damper functions and can assist the plantar flexion movement after the heel is placed on the ground.

  With the progress of material development in recent years, carbon (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) is attracting attention as a material that is lighter and stronger than plastic or synthetic resin. The inventor has proposed a short leg brace that can exercise (Patent Document 3) and a manufacturing method thereof (Patent Document 4).

JP-A-9-103443 JP 2011-98014 A JP 2017-196187 A JP, 2006-107614, A

  By the way, the movement of the ankle actually progresses while the anterior dorsiflexion of the ankle joint is rotated slightly in the outward and inward directions. This is because the height positions of the inner heel (inner fruit) and the outer heel (outer fruit) of the ankle portion are different (the outer fruit is located closer to the ground side than the inner fruit).

  However, in the short leg braces disclosed in Patent Literature 2 and Patent Literature 3 described above, the attachment position of the connecting portion that connects the lower leg mounting portion that holds the calf portion of the foot and the sole plate portion that holds the sole of the foot is provided. It did not take into account the height of the inner and outer fruits.

  That is, since the outer fruit is located on the side closer to the ground side with respect to the inner fruit, the virtual straight line connecting the inner fruit and the outer fruit has a predetermined inclination angle with respect to the horizontal axis. Therefore, the center position of the connection part on the outer causal side should be located closer to the ground than the center position of the connection part on the inner cautery side, but the connection part of the conventional short leg brace described above is The connecting part on the inner cautery side and the connecting part on the outer cautery side were attached at the same height position. For this reason, the supination and pronation associated with the smooth dorsiflexion exercise are hindered, and appropriate rehabilitation exercises cannot be performed, and it also causes discomfort and pain when wearing the short leg brace.

  The present invention was devised in view of the above points, and includes a method for manufacturing a short leg brace that supports proper walking by promoting the supination action of the foot and the pronation action, and the short leg brace. The purpose is to provide.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the method of manufacturing an ankle foot orthosis according to the present invention includes a step of wrapping a cast bandage around an affected foot and molding the cast into the shape of the affected foot, and the cured cast bandage from the affected foot. Removing the negative model, and in the negative model, drilling an inner cavernous hole at a position substantially corresponding to the end of the affected foot and an outer hole at a position approximately corresponding to the outer end of the affected foot. A step of inserting a rod-shaped member from one of the inner fruit hole part and the outer fruit hole part toward the other side, pouring gypsum into the negative model, and curing the positive model. A step of molding, and one end side of the rod-shaped member is inserted into a through-hole formed at a predetermined position of the first dummy portion made of a plate-like body, and the first dummy portion is placed inside the foot of the positive model A step of attaching, and a second dummy portion made of a plate-like body is formed at a predetermined position. A step of inserting the other end of the rod-shaped member through the through hole and attaching the second dummy part to the outer side of the positive model; a step of extracting the rod-shaped member from the positive model; and a laminate on the positive model Covering the positive model with a thermoplastic sheet, vacuum molding and molding the thermoplastic model, and removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model.

  Here, the cast bandage can be cast into the shape of the affected foot by providing a step of winding the cast bandage around the affected foot and molding the cast into the shape of the affected foot. At this time, by pressing the corresponding positions of the inner and outer end points, the outer end points, and the Achilles tendon portion by hand, it is possible to mold into a more accurate shape.

  Moreover, the negative model matched with the shape of the affected leg for shape | molding the positive model mentioned later can be shape | molded by providing the process of removing the hardened cast bandage from an affected leg and shape | molding a negative model.

  Further, in the negative model, a negative model is provided by providing a step of drilling an inner cavernous hole at a position substantially corresponding to the inner fruit end of the affected foot, and a hole outer hole at a position approximately corresponding to the outer fruit end of the affected foot. In the model, the inner and outer end points can be aligned.

  By providing a step of inserting the rod-shaped member from one side of the inner fruit hole part or the outer fruit hole part to the other side, the first dummy part and the second dummy part to be described later are set as predetermined negative models. A rod-shaped member for attaching to the position can be installed in the negative model.

  In addition, a positive model can be molded in accordance with the shape of the affected foot for molding a thermoplastic model, which will be described later, by pouring gypsum into the negative model and curing it to mold the positive model.

  In addition, the method includes a step of inserting one end of the rod-like member into a through hole formed at a predetermined position of the first dummy portion made of a plate-like body and attaching the first dummy portion to the inside of the positive model foot. The 1st dummy part imitating the intra-foot connection part mentioned later can be correctly attached to the foot inside of a positive model.

  In addition, the method includes a step of attaching the second dummy portion to the outer side of the positive model by inserting the other end of the rod-like member through a through hole formed at a predetermined position of the second dummy portion made of a plate-like body. Thereby, the 2nd dummy part imitating the outside leg connection part mentioned later can be correctly attached to the leg outside of a positive model.

  In addition, by providing a step of removing the rod-shaped member from the positive model, the internal cavernous hole is positive at the position corresponding approximately to the internal calip end point of the affected foot, and the external cavernous area is positive at the position approximately corresponding to the external fruit end point of the affected foot Can be formed into a model.

  In addition, by providing the positive model with a step of coating the laminate, it is possible to prevent the thermoplastic sheet used in vacuum forming described later from coming into direct contact with the positive model, so that a more accurate shaped thermoplastic model can be obtained. Can be molded.

  Moreover, the thermoplastic model which consists of a thermoplastic tree material which used the positive model as a type | mold can be shape | molded by providing the process of shape | molding a thermoplastic model by coat | covering a positive model with a thermoplastic sheet and vacuum-molding. .

  Moreover, a thermoplastic model can be removed from a positive model by providing the process of removing a thermoplastic model from a positive model.

  In addition, the step of removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model includes a step of making a cut along the circumferential direction of the thermoplastic model and separating the thermoplastic model into the sole attachment portion and the crus attachment portion. When the plastic model is removed from the positive model, the thermoplastic model can be separated into the sole mounting part and the lower leg mounting part.

  Further, the step of separating the thermoplastic model into the lower leg mounting portion and the sole mounting portion is a position corresponding to the first dummy portion, and the foot inner concave portion provided in the thermoplastic model is provided on the foot mounting portion side. Separated into a first foot inner concave portion and a second foot inner concave portion on the lower leg mounting portion side, the foot outer concave portion provided in the thermoplastic model at a position corresponding to the second dummy portion is provided as a sole mounting portion. In the case of including a step of separating the first foot outer concave portion on the side and the second foot outer concave portion on the lower leg mounting portion side into the first foot inner concave portion and the second foot inner concave portion, which will be described later. It is possible to attach and attach an outer leg connecting portion to be described later to the first foot outer concave portion and the second foot outer concave portion.

  In addition, the step of attaching the first dummy part to the inside of the positive model has a step of interposing a first spacer between the first dummy part and the positive model, and the second dummy part is attached to the positive model. When the step of attaching to the outer side of the foot includes a step of interposing a second spacer between the second dummy part and the positive model, the positive spacer and the first spacer are formed by the first spacer and the second spacer. A certain space can be provided between the dummy part and the second dummy part. As a result, direct contact between the short leg brace after molding and the inner fruit and outer fruit of the affected foot can be prevented, and a smoother dorsiflexion motion can be realized.

  In addition, after the step of extracting the rod-shaped member from the positive model and before the step of coating the laminate on the positive model, the step of winding the wrap film around the positive model is performed. When the coating is coated, it is possible to prevent moisture contained in the positive model gypsum from being absorbed by the laminate.

  In addition, after the step of coating the laminate on the positive model and before the step of molding the thermoplastic model by vacuum molding, a substantially cylindrical third dummy is formed at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the positive model. In the case of having the step of attaching the portion, a space for attaching a pressing portion, which will be described later, which becomes a braking member at the time of the bottom bending motion, and a pressure receiving portion can be formed.

  Further, the step of removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model includes the step of forming a cylindrical portion formed along the shape of the third dummy portion into a first cylindrical portion on the sole mounting portion side and a second cylinder on the crus mounting portion side. In the case of having the step of separating into parts, as will be described later, the pressure receiving part serving as the bottom bending braking member can be attached to the first cylindrical part, and the pressing part can be attached to the second cylindrical part.

  In order to achieve the above object, a short leg orthosis according to the present invention includes a foot mounting part to be mounted on the sole, a leg mounting part to be mounted on the lower leg, and a foot on one side of the plantar mounting part. The inner side and the other side are respectively connected to the inner side of the foot of the crus mounting part, and the intra-foot connecting part having a rotation axis at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the inner side, the one side is the outer side of the foot mounting part, and the other side is the crus And an outer leg connecting part that is connected to the outer side of the foot of the mounting part and has a rotation shaft at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the external fruit.

  Here, one side is connected to the inside of the foot of the sole mounting part, the other side is connected to the inside of the foot of the crus mounting part, and the foot is attached by providing an in-foot connecting part having a rotation axis at a position substantially corresponding to the end point The part and the plantar mounting part can be connected by the in-foot connecting part. At this time, since the rotation axis of the in-foot connecting portion is located at a position approximately corresponding to the end point of the affected foot, smooth dorsiflexion movement is realized without inhibiting the supination and pronation of the affected foot. be able to.

  In addition, the crus mounting part has one side connected to the outer side of the sole mounting part and the other side connected to the foot outer side of the crus mounting part, and has an outer leg connecting part having a rotation shaft at a position substantially corresponding to the outer end point. And the plantar mounting part can be connected by an outer foot connecting part. At this time, since the rotation axis of the outer leg connecting portion is located at a position approximately corresponding to the extrinsic end point of the affected foot, a smooth bottom dorsiflexion motion is realized without inhibiting the supination and pronation of the affected foot. be able to.

  The intra-foot connecting portion includes a first in-foot connecting portion connected on one side to the inside of the foot of the sole mounting portion, and a second in-foot connecting portion connected on the inside of the foot of the lower leg mounting portion. When the other side facing the one side of the first in-foot connecting portion and the other side facing the one side of the second in-foot connecting portion are fastened by the fastening portion at a position substantially corresponding to the end point Since the rotation shafts of the first intra-foot connecting portion and the second intra-foot connecting portion are located at positions substantially corresponding to the end points of the affected foot, the supination and pronation of the affected foot are inhibited. Smooth bottom dorsiflexion movement can be realized.

  In addition, the outer foot connecting portion includes a first outer foot connecting portion connected on one side to the foot outer side of the sole mounting portion, and a second outer foot connecting portion connected on the one foot outer side of the lower leg mounting portion. When the other side facing the one side of the first outer leg connecting part and the other side facing the one side of the second outer leg connecting part are fastened by the fastening part at a position substantially corresponding to the external fruit end point. Since the rotation shafts of the first and second foot connection portions are located substantially at the positions corresponding to the end points of the affected foot, the supination and pronation effects of the affected foot are inhibited. Smooth bottom dorsiflexion movement can be realized.

  Further, the in-foot connecting portion is a first in-foot step portion formed on the other side of the first in-foot connecting portion and formed from the first in-foot convex portion and the first in-foot concave portion, When the second in-foot step portion formed from the second in-foot convex portion and the second in-foot concave portion is unevenly fitted on the other side of the in-foot connecting portion so as to mesh alternately. Can make the fitting state of the first in-foot connecting portion and the second in-foot connecting portion stronger.

  Further, the outer leg connecting portion is the first outer leg step portion formed on the other side of the first outer leg connecting portion and formed from the first outer leg convex portion and the first outer leg concave portion, When the second outer stepped portion formed from the second outer convex portion and the second outer concave portion on the other side of the outer connecting portion is concavo-convexly fitted so as to alternately engage with each other. Can make the fitting state of the 1st outside leg connecting part and the 2nd outside leg connecting part more firm.

  In addition, when the virtual straight line connecting the rotation axis of the in-foot connecting portion and the rotation axis of the out-of-foot connecting portion has an inclination angle of about 8 to 13 ° with respect to the horizontal axis, Since the inclination can be approximated to a virtual straight line connecting the end points, even when a short leg brace is worn, the supination and pronation of the affected foot are not hindered and smooth dorsiflexion movement is achieved. be able to.

  In addition, a pressing portion made of an elastic material at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the lower leg mounting portion, and a pressing receiving portion that is a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the sole mounting portion and is elastically deformed by being pressed by the pressing portion. In the case of having a plantar flexion braking part including, when the short leg is worn on the affected foot and walking, the pressing part presses the pressure receiving part at the time of landing on the ground of the affected foot, so that the pressure receiving part is It compresses and deforms a predetermined amount. This deformation causes the ankle joint to buckle by a predetermined angle, so that the impact when the affected foot is landed is absorbed and smooth walking can be realized.

  The method for manufacturing a short leg brace and the short leg brace according to the present invention can support proper walking by promoting the supination action and the pronation action of the foot.

It is a front perspective view of the short leg brace concerning the embodiment of the present invention. It is a side view of a short leg brace concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a decomposition | disassembly enlarged view of the connection part of the short leg brace which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a rear view of the short leg brace which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the short leg brace concerning embodiment of this invention.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention relating to a method for manufacturing a short leg brace and a short leg brace will be described with reference to the drawings for understanding of the present invention. In each figure, for convenience of explanation, in a state where the short leg brace 1 is attached to the patient's affected foot, the direction from the sole to the lower leg is upward, the opposite direction is downward, and upward. , And an axial direction represented by a downward direction are defined as a vertical axis, and an axial direction perpendicular to the vertical axis is defined as a horizontal axis.

  First, the overall configuration of a short leg orthosis 1 according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. For convenience of explanation, the short leg prosthesis 1 for the right foot will be described here. The ankle foot orthosis 1 is made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin material, and is mainly composed of a sole mounting portion 2, a crus mounting portion 3, an in-foot connection portion 4, an out-foot connection portion 5, and a plantar flexion braking portion 6. .

  The sole mounting portion 2 covers the foot placement portion 21 for placing the sole of the affected foot, the inner and outer fruits of the affected foot, the Achilles tendon, and the foot standing from the foot placement portion 21 along the vertical axis. The cover portion 22 is configured.

  A first foot inner concave portion 23 into which a first in-foot connecting portion 41 which is a part of the in-foot connecting portion 4 to be described later is fitted is provided in the upper end portion on the inner side of the foot covering portion 22. A second foot outer concave portion 24 into which a first foot outer connecting portion 51 which is a part of the foot outer connecting portion 5 described later is fitted is provided in the upper end portion on the foot outer side of the foot covering portion 22. Yes.

  Further, a press receiving portion 62 that is a part of a bottom flexion braking portion 6 to be described later is fitted and inserted at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the foot covering portion 22 to form an open end that opens upward. The first cylindrical portion 61 is provided. The press receiving portion 62 fitted into the first cylindrical portion 61 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin material, and is configured to be elastically deformed when pressed by a pressing portion 64 described later.

  The lower leg mounting part 3 is a rear support type, has a substantially U-shaped cross section with the front side open, and comes into contact with the lower leg rear surface contact part 31 that contacts the rear surface of the lower leg part and both side surfaces of the lower leg part. The crus side contact portion 32 is integrally formed.

  Here, the lower leg mounting portion 3 does not necessarily need to be a rear support type that supports the rear surface of the lower leg. For example, it may be a front-supporting crus mounting part that has a crus front abutting part that abuts the front of the crus and the rear side is open. However, in the short leg brace 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the plantar flexion braking portion 6 for realizing a smooth walking motion is mounted at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion which is the back surface of the lower leg mounting portion 3. . Therefore, from the viewpoint of securing a space for mounting the plantar flexion braking portion 6, the lower leg mounting portion 3 is preferably a rear support type.

  A first foot inner concave portion 33 into which the second intra-foot connecting portion 42 which is a part of the above-mentioned intra-foot connecting portion 4 is fitted is formed in the lower end portion on the inner side of the lower leg mounting portion 3. In addition, a second foot outer concave portion 34 into which the second foot outer connecting portion 52 which is a part of the above-mentioned outer foot connecting portion 5 is fitted is provided in the lower end portion of the foot outer side of the lower leg mounting portion 3. Has been.

  Further, a pressing portion 64 which is a part of a bottom flexion braking portion 6 described later is fitted into a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the lower leg mounting portion 3 and opens downward, as described above. It has the 2nd cylindrical part 63 in which the open end facing the open end of the cylindrical part 61 was formed. The pressing portion 64 fitted into the second cylindrical portion 63 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin material, and is configured to be able to press against the above-described pressing receiving portion 62 during the bottom bending motion.

  The sole mounting part 2 and the crus mounting part 3 have a first belt body 25 and a second belt body 35 for fixing the affected foot to the short leg brace 1. The first belt body 25 and the second belt body 35 are flexible belt members having a predetermined width and length, and can be engaged with a holder portion (not shown) made of metal, for example, with one end side as a free end. The other end is fixed to the sole mounting part 2 and the lower leg mounting part 3 by a known fixing means such as a rivet.

  When the short leg brace 1 is attached to the affected leg, the first belt is attached after the foot part of the affected leg is attached to the sole attaching part 2 and the leg part of the affected leg is attached to the crus attaching part 3, respectively. The free ends of the body 25 and the second belt body 35 are inserted into the holder portion, the front end side is folded back, and fixed at an arbitrary position by a fixing means such as a hook-and-loop fastener.

  Here, the first belt body 25 and the second belt body 35 are not necessarily fixed at arbitrary positions by a hook-and-loop fastener or the like. For example, it may be configured to be locked at a predetermined fixed position. However, by being detachable at a variable position by means of a hook-and-loop fastener, the locking position can be appropriately selected according to the patient's pathology, the use and situation of rehabilitation training, and the like.

  The in-foot connecting part 4 is a jig for connecting the inside of the foot of the sole attaching part 2 and the inside of the foot of the crus attaching part 3, and a first in-foot connecting part 41 made of a substantially rectangular plate-like body. And the second in-foot connecting portion 42.

  As described above, the first intra-foot connecting portion 41 is fitted into the first foot inner concave portion 23, and one end thereof is fixed to the upper inner end portion of the foot mounting portion 2. Further, the second intra-foot connecting portion 42 is fitted into the first foot inner concave portion 33, and one end is fixed to the lower end portion on the inner side of the foot of the crus mounting portion 3. The other ends of the first in-foot connecting portion 41 and the second in-foot connecting portion 42 are pivotally supported by the fastening portion 7 so as to be rotatable.

  The out-of-foot connecting portion 5 is a jig for connecting the outside of the foot of the sole attaching portion 2 and the outside of the foot of the crus attaching portion 3, and is a first out-of-foot connecting portion 51 made of a substantially rectangular plate-like body. And the second outer leg connecting portion 52.

  The first foot outer connecting portion 51 is fitted into the second foot outer concave portion 24, and one end is fixed to the upper outer end portion of the sole mounting portion 2. The second outer leg connecting part 52 is fitted into the second outer leg recessed part 34, and one end is fixed to the lower outer end part of the leg outer part 3. The other ends of the first outer leg connecting part 51 and the second outer leg connecting part 52 are rotatably supported by the fastening part 7.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the first in-foot connecting portion 41 and the second in-foot connecting portion 42 have a rotation axis a1 at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the affected foot, and the first foot The outer connecting portion 51 and the second outer foot connecting portion 52 have a rotation axis a2 at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the affected foot. At this time, the virtual straight line L connecting the rotation axis a1 and the rotation axis a2 has an inclination angle of about 8 to 13 ° with respect to the horizontal axis H.

  Here, it is not always necessary to provide the rotation axes a1 and a2 at positions substantially corresponding to the inner and outer fruit end points. However, since each rotation axis a1, a2 is provided at a position substantially corresponding to the inner fruit end point and the outer fruit end point, the movement of the short leg prosthesis 1 can be made closer to the movement of the affected leg. The smooth dorsiflexion motion can be realized without hindering the action and the pronation action.

  Next, the detailed structure of the in-foot connecting portion 4 and the out-of-foot connecting portion 5 will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since the intrafoot connection part 4 and the outer leg connection part 5 are the same structures, it demonstrates based on the outer leg connection part 5 for convenience of explanation.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the other end of the first foot outer connecting portion 51 constituting the foot outer connecting portion 5 is provided with a first foot outer convex portion 511 and a first foot outer concave portion 512 so as to form the first foot. An outer step portion 513 is formed. On the other hand, in the second outer leg connecting portion 52, the second outer leg step portion 523 is formed by the second outer leg convex portion 521 and the second outer leg concave portion 522, similarly to the first outer leg connecting portion 51. Has been.

  The first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 are alternately meshed so that the first outer leg connecting portion 51 and the second outer leg connecting portion 52 form the same plane. In this way, the projections and recesses are fitted with no gaps and are pivotally supported by the fastening portion 7. At this time, the joint surface of the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 is formed with an inclined surface inclined at the same slope.

  Here, the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 do not necessarily have to be unevenly fitted. For example, the other end portions of the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer foot step portion 523 may be pivotally supported by the fastening portion 7 without being unevenly fitted. However, since the engagement between the first and second stepped-out step portions 513 and 523 becomes stronger due to the concavo-convex fitting, it is preferable to adopt a concavo-convex fitting structure.

  Further, the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 are necessarily fitted so that the first outer leg connecting portion 51 and the second outer leg connecting portion 52 constitute the same plane. It is not necessary to be formed, and a step may be formed. However, since the first out-of-foot connecting portion 51 and the second out-of-foot connecting portion 52 are fitted so as to form the same plane, the out-of-foot connecting portion 5 can be installed even in a space-saving manner. .

  Further, it is not always necessary that the joint surface formed by the concave and convex fitting between the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 has an inclined surface inclined at the same slope. However, since the concave and convex fitting is performed, the first outer leg step portion 513 and the second outer leg step portion 523 are tightened more firmly. It is preferable that

  The first and second out-of-foot connecting portions 51 and 52 that are concavo-convexly fitted are pivotally supported by the fastening portion 7 so as to be swingable. Specifically, in a state in which the first foot outer convex portion 511 and the second foot outer convex portion 521 are fitted by the concave-convex fitting, the mounting hole 514 formed in the first foot outer convex portion 511, The mounting holes 524 formed in the second outer leg projection 521 are overlapped, and as shown in FIG. 3, the bolts 71a and the nuts 72 are inserted and fixed.

  The bolt 71a has a countersunk head and a hexagonal hole that can be rotated by a hexagon wrench. The male screw has a pitch of approximately 0.5 mm, for example.

  The nut 72 is a disk whose head is a flat plate, and a female screw that can be screwed into the male screw of the bolt 71a is screwed on the inner surface of the nut 72, and the outer shape of the nut 72 is a convex column having a substantially rectangular cross section. Part 721.

  As a specific method for attaching the fastening portion 7, the bolt 71 a is inserted into the attachment hole 514 and the attachment hole 524 from one side surface in a state where the attachment hole 514 and the attachment hole 524 are overlapped. Further, the convex column portion 721 of the nut 72 is inserted into the mounting hole 514 and the mounting hole 524 from the other side surface, and the male screw of the bolt 71a and the female screw of the nut 72 are screwed together to be fastened and fixed.

  When the first outside-foot connecting part 51 and the second outside-foot connecting part 52 are fastened by the fastening part 7, the outside-foot connecting part 5 is secured to the sole attaching part 2 and the crus attaching part 3 by bolts 71b and 71c. Fix in a non-rotatable manner.

  Next, the bottom bending braking part 6 will be described. As described above, the plantar flexion braking unit 6 has a pressure receiving portion 62 installed at a position corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the sole mounting portion 2 and a pressing portion 64 installed at a position corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the crus mounting portion 3. It is composed of

  For example, when the person walks, the plantar flexion braking unit 6 configured as described above performs the plantar flexion operation while the pressure receiving unit 62 is gradually pressed by the pressing unit 64 after landing on the heel. Can be prevented from being bent down to a predetermined angle. Thereby, since the impact absorption in the initial stage of a stance phase is attained, it becomes possible to implement | achieve a smooth walk.

  The above is the short leg brace 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. Then, the manufacturing method of the short leg orthosis 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated, referring FIG.

<Process 1 Casting with cast bandage>
Roll up a cast bandage on the affected foot. After winding up, before the cast bandage hardens, each part of the inner and outer end points, the outer fruit end point and the Achilles tendon is pressed by hand, and the outline of each part is formed. At this time, a guide string for cutting open the cast bandage is attached to the front side of the cast bandage.

<Process 2 Negative Model Molding>
When the cast bandage is hardened in step 2, the guide string previously attached is pulled, the cast bandage is cut open, the cast bandage is removed from the affected leg, and the negative model Mn is molded.

<Step 3 Attaching the rod-shaped member>
A through hole of about 4 mm (inner fruit hole part) at a position substantially corresponding to the inner fruit end point of the negative model Mn molded into the shape of the affected leg, and a through hole of about 4 mm at a position substantially corresponding to the outer fruit end point (External hole part) is drilled, and the rod-like member 8 is inserted through the through hole (see FIG. 5A).

<Process 4 positive model molding>
The gypsum G is poured into the negative model Mn (see FIG. 5A). When the gypsum G is cured, the negative model Mn is peeled off and the positive model Mp is taken out.

<Step 5: Installation of first dummy portion (for in-foot connecting portion)>
A first dummy portion 10 having a shape corresponding to the in-foot connecting portion 4 and having a through hole formed at a substantially central portion is prepared. One end side of the rod-like member 8 penetrated by the positive model Mp is inserted through the through hole of the first dummy part 10 with a spacer 9 made of silicon material or the like interposed therebetween, and the first dummy part 10 is inserted into the positive model Mp. Attached to the nail by fixing means such as a nail. At this time, gypsum G is placed between the first dummy portion 11 and the positive model Mp to form a smooth shape (see FIG. 5B).

<Step 6: Attachment of second dummy portion (for outer leg connecting portion)>
A second dummy portion 11 having a shape corresponding to the outer leg connecting portion 5 and having a through hole formed at a substantially central portion is prepared. The other end of the rod-like member 8 penetrated by the positive model Mp is inserted through the through hole of the second dummy part 11 with a spacer 9 made of silicon material or the like interposed therebetween, and the second dummy part 11 is inserted into the positive model. It is attached to Mp by a fixing means such as a nail, and plaster G is placed between the second dummy portion 11 and the positive model Mp to form a smooth shape (see FIG. 5B).

  Here, it is not always necessary to interpose the spacer 9 when attaching the first dummy part 10 and the second dummy part 11 to the positive model. However, a certain space can be provided between the positive model Mp, the first dummy portion 10 and the second dummy portion 11 by interposing the spacer 9. Thereby, since the direct contact between the short leg device 1 after molding and the internal and external fruits of the affected foot can be prevented and smoother dorsiflexion movement can be realized, the spacer 9 is interposed. Is preferred.

<Step 7 Removal of rod-shaped member>
In Steps 5 and 6, when the attachment of the first dummy part 10 and the second dummy part 11 to the positive model Mp is completed, the alignment is confirmed and the rod-shaped member 8 is extracted from the positive model Mp.

<Step 8: Coating with positive model laminate>
As a pre-process for molding the thermoplastic model Mt, a wrap film is wound around the entire positive model Mp, the positive model Mp is covered with a laminate, and a release material (silicon spray or the like) is sprayed as necessary. This laminate is for absorbing a synthetic resin as a thermoplastic material, and can be appropriately selected from known materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, and nylon fiber. In the embodiment of the present invention, nylon stockinet is used as the laminate.

  Here, it is not always necessary to wrap the wrap film around the entire positive model Mp when covering with the laminate. However, it is possible to prevent moisture contained in the plaster of the positive model Mp from appearing on the surface by winding the wrap film. Therefore, the finished molding of the thermoplastic model Mt can be made satisfactory.

<Step 9 Third dummy portion (for bottom bent braking portion)>
After covering the positive model Mp with the laminate, the first cylindrical portion 61 for attaching the pressure receiving portion 62 constituting the bottom bending braking portion 6 and the mold of the second cylindrical portion 63 for attaching the pressing portion 64 The substantially cylindrical third dummy portion 12 is fixed to the positive model Mp by a fixing means such as a nail (see FIG. 5B).

<Process 10 Thermoplastic Model Molding>
The positive model Mp covered with the laminate is covered with a thermoplastic sheet T made of a thermoplastic material, and vacuum suction is performed through the suction pipe S to mold the thermoplastic model Mt (see FIG. 5C). . At this time, the thermoplastic sheet T is used that has been previously softened to some extent by heating it for 30 minutes under a temperature condition of approximately 200 ° C. with a heater such as an oven. In the embodiment of the present invention, a plastic sheet having a thickness of about 3 to 6 mm is used as the thermoplastic sheet T.

  The completed thermoplastic model Mt is cut along the horizontal direction with a cutter or the like, and separated into a sole mounting part 2 and a crus mounting part 3, and the thermoplastic model Mt is separated from the positive model Mp. The cut at this time is cut out so as to pass through the substantially central portion of the foot inner concave portion 101 recessed by the first dummy portion 10 and the foot outer concave portion 111 recessed by the second dummy portion 11. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the foot inner concave portion 101 is separated into the first foot inner concave portion 23 and the second foot inner concave portion 33, and the foot outer concave portion 111 is the first The foot outer recess 24 and the second foot outer recess 34 are separated.

<Step 11: Attaching each member>
For the thermoplastic model Mt divided into the sole mounting part 2 and the crus mounting part 3, the in-foot connecting part 4, the out-of-foot connecting part 5 and the plantar flexion braking part 6 are respectively attached. At this time, the fastening portion 7 of the in-foot connecting portion 4 corresponds to a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the affected foot, and the fastening portion 7 of the outside connecting portion corresponds to a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the affected foot. By mounting in this manner, the rotation axis a1 of the in-foot connecting portion 4 substantially corresponds to the end effector point of the affected foot, and the rotation axis a2 of the outer foot connection portion 5 substantially corresponds to the end effector point of the affected foot. Therefore, a smooth dorsiflexion movement can be realized without inhibiting the supination and pronation of the affected foot.

  As described above, in the method for manufacturing a short leg brace and the short leg brace to which the present invention is applied, the supination action and the pronation action of the foot can be promoted.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Short leg brace 2 Foot mounting part 21 Foot mounting part 22 Foot covering part 23 1st foot inner side recessed part 24 2nd leg outer side recessed part 25 1st belt body 3 Lower leg mounting part 31 Lower leg rear surface contact part 32 Lower leg Side contact portion 33 First foot inner concave portion 34 Second foot outer concave portion 35 Second belt body 4 In-foot connecting portion 41 First in-foot connecting portion 42 Second in-foot connecting portion 5 Out-foot connecting portion 51 1st outside leg connection part 511 1st outside leg projection part 512 1st outside leg part 513 1st outside leg part 514 attachment hole 52 2nd outside leg connection part 521 2nd outside leg projection part 522 2nd outside leg part 523 2nd outside step part 524 Mounting hole 6 Bending buckling part 61 1st cylindrical part 62 Press receiving part 63 2nd cylindrical part 64 Pressing part 7 Fastening part 71a, 71b, 71c Bolt 711 Hexagonal hole 712 Male thread 72 Nut 721 Convex column 72 2 Female screw 8 Bar-shaped member 9 Spacer 10 First dummy portion 101 Foot inner concave portion 11 Second dummy portion 111 Foot outer concave portion 12 Third dummy portion a1, a2 Rotating axis H Horizontal axis G Gypsum L Virtual straight line Mn Negative model Mp positive model Mt thermoplastic model S suction pipe T thermoplastic sheet

Claims (12)

Wrapping a cast bandage around the affected leg and casting it into the shape of the affected leg;
Removing the cured cast bandage from the affected foot and molding a negative model;
In the negative model, the step of drilling the inner fruit hole at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the affected foot, and the outer hole part at a position substantially corresponding to the outer point of the affected foot;
Inserting the rod-shaped member from the inner fruit hole part or the outer fruit hole part toward one side from the other; and
Pouring gypsum into the negative model, curing it, and molding the positive model;
A step of inserting one end side of the rod-like member into a through hole formed at a predetermined position of the first dummy portion made of a plate-like body and attaching the first dummy portion to the inside of the positive model foot;
Attaching the second dummy part to the outer side of the positive model by inserting the other end of the rod-like member through a through hole formed at a predetermined position of the second dummy part made of a plate-like body;
Extracting the rod-shaped member from the positive model;
Coating the positive model with a laminate;
Forming the thermoplastic model by coating the positive model with a thermoplastic sheet and vacuum forming;
Removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model. A method for manufacturing a short leg brace. Removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model,
The method for manufacturing an ankle foot orthosis according to claim 1, further comprising a step of separating the thermoplastic model into a sole mounting portion and a crus mounting portion by making a cut along a circumferential direction of the thermoplastic model. The step of separating the thermoplastic model into a lower leg attachment part and a sole attachment part,
A foot inner concave portion provided in the thermoplastic model at a position corresponding to the first dummy portion is formed as a first foot inner concave portion on the sole mounting portion side and a second foot on the crus mounting portion side. A foot outer recess that is separated into an inner recess and corresponds to the second dummy portion, and is recessed in the thermoplastic model, includes a first foot outer recess on the sole mounting portion side and the lower leg mounting portion. The method for manufacturing an ankle foot orthosis according to claim 2, comprising a step of separating the second leg outer concave portion on the side. The step of attaching the first dummy part to the inside of the positive model is as follows:
Interposing a first spacer between the first dummy part and the positive model,
The step of attaching the second dummy part to the outer side of the positive model is,
The manufacturing method of the short leg brace as described in any one of Claims 1-3 which has the process of interposing a 2nd spacer between the said 2nd dummy part and the said positive model. After the step of extracting the rod-shaped member from the positive model, and before the step of coating the laminate on the positive model,
The method for manufacturing a short leg brace according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a step of winding a wrap film around the positive model. After the step of coating the positive model with the laminate, before the step of vacuum molding the thermoplastic resin and molding the thermoplastic model,
The method for manufacturing a short leg brace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a step of attaching a substantially cylindrical third dummy portion at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the positive model. Removing the thermoplastic model from the positive model,
7. The method includes a step of separating a columnar portion formed along the shape of the third dummy portion into a first cylindrical portion on the sole mounting portion side and a second cylindrical portion on the crus mounting portion side. Manufacturing method for short leg brace. A sole attachment part to be attached to the sole,
A lower leg attachment part to be attached to the lower leg part;
One side is connected to the inside of the foot of the sole mounting part, and the other side is connected to the inside of the foot of the crus mounting part, and an intra-foot connecting part having a rotation axis at a position substantially corresponding to the end point
An ankle foot orthosis having one side connected to the outer side of the sole mounting part and the other side connected to the foot outer side of the lower leg mounting part and having a rotation axis at a position substantially corresponding to the external fruit end point. The in-foot connecting portion is
The first foot includes a first in-foot connecting portion connected to the inside of the foot of the sole mounting portion, and a second in-foot connecting portion connected to the inside of the foot of the lower leg mounting portion. The other side facing the one side of the inner connecting portion and the other side facing the one side of the second in-foot connecting portion are fastened by the fastening portion at a position substantially corresponding to the end point of the inner fruit,
The outer leg connecting portion is
The first foot includes a first foot connecting portion connected to the foot outside of the plantar mounting portion, and a second foot connecting portion connected to the foot outside of the crus mounting portion on one side. The short side according to claim 8, wherein the other side facing the one side of the outer connecting portion and the other side facing the one side of the second foot outer connecting portion are fastened by the fastening portion at a position substantially corresponding to the outer fruit end point. Lower limb orthosis. The in-foot connecting portion is
A first step portion in the foot that is formed on the other side of the first in-foot connecting portion and includes a first in-foot convex portion and a first in-foot concave portion, in addition to the second in-foot connecting portion. On the side, the second in-foot step portion formed from the second in-foot convex portion and the second in-foot concave portion is concavo-convexly fitted so as to mesh alternately,
The outer leg connecting portion is
The other side of the first outer leg connecting portion, the first outer leg step portion formed from the first outer leg convex portion and the first outer leg concave portion, and the second outer leg connecting portion. The short lower limb according to claim 9, wherein the second leg outside step formed by the second leg outside convex part and the second leg outside concave part is concavo-convexly fitted so as to alternately mesh with each other. Brace. The imaginary straight line connecting the rotation axis of the in-foot connecting portion and the rotation axis of the out-of-foot connecting portion has an inclination angle of approximately 8 to 13 ° with respect to the horizontal axis. The short leg brace described in 1. A pressing portion made of an elastic material at a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the lower leg mounting portion, and a press receiving portion which is a position substantially corresponding to the Achilles tendon portion of the sole mounting portion and is elastically deformed when pressed by the pressing portion The ankle foot orthosis according to any one of claims 8 to 11, further comprising a plantar flexion braking portion.

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