JP2019182826A - Chinese herbal medicine that improves cognitive function of alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and treats at least one disease selected from group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic renal disease complicated therewith by single dosage form - Google Patents

Chinese herbal medicine that improves cognitive function of alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and treats at least one disease selected from group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic renal disease complicated therewith by single dosage form Download PDF

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JP2019182826A
JP2019182826A JP2018166515A JP2018166515A JP2019182826A JP 2019182826 A JP2019182826 A JP 2019182826A JP 2018166515 A JP2018166515 A JP 2018166515A JP 2018166515 A JP2018166515 A JP 2018166515A JP 2019182826 A JP2019182826 A JP 2019182826A
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義輝 霜出
Yoshiteru Shimoide
義輝 霜出
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To provide a Chinese herbal medicine that treats multimorbidity of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment and at least one disease selected from the group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic renal disease by a single dosage form.SOLUTION: A Chinese herbal medicine that treats multimorbidity by a single dosage form contains mixture of Formula antidote coptidis and Formula glycyrrhizae atractylodis cinnamomi hoelen as an active ingredient, improves cognitive function of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and remits and treats at least one disease out of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic renal disease highly complicated with Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment by a single dosage form.SELECTED DRAWING: None

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本発明は漢方薬の合剤を含むアルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善するとともに、それらに合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する組成物に関する。   The present invention improves cognitive function of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment including a Chinese medicine combination, and at least one disease of the group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease associated therewith The present invention relates to a composition that treats multiple diseases with a single agent.

2005年にBoydらがJAMAに発表している(非特許文献1)ように、同時に2種類以上の慢性疾患が併存することを多疾病罹患(Multimorbidity)と定義されている。アメリカにおいて2008年中に継続してメディケアに加入していた30,923,846人の67%が多疾病罹患であり、複数の慢性疾患の罹患率は年齢と共に増加し、85才以上では81.5%であったと報告されている(非特許文献2)。英国において40種類の限られた慢性疾患に絞って、多疾病罹患の頻度を調べたところ、42.2%が1種類の疾患のみで、23.2%が2種類以上の疾患を有する多疾病罹患の状態であったと報告されている(非特許文献3)。その結果として複数の慢性疾患が存在すると服薬数が多くなるのは当然であり、自治医科大学のFushikiらによる700例の高齢者の検討によると平均年齢79.5才の男女で平均服薬数が6.36剤であり、5剤以上の多剤投与(polypharmacy)は63%であったと報告されている(非特許文献4)。加えて、Greenらのコホート研究によれば多疾病罹患患者において処方医が1人増えると薬剤有害事象が29%増加すると報告されている(非特許文献5)。つまり、多疾病罹患がポリファーマシーの最大の原因であり、ポリファーマシーは薬剤に因る副作用の増加、薬剤費および医療費上昇の最大の原因であるため全世界的に問題となっている。現在、単一の慢性疾患に対するガイドラインは多数のそれぞれの慢性疾患に対し存在しているが、単一の慢性疾患に対するガイドラインは多疾病罹患には適応がないため現在存在しているそれぞれのガイドラインを使うことができない。複数の合併疾患がある場合の推奨の記述があるのは糖尿病と狭心症だけであるが、多疾病罹患状態に対する的確なガイドラインは存在していないのが現状である。実際に多疾患罹患にどのように対処するかという研究が必要であるが(非特許文献6)、ジョンズ・ホプキンス医大学のホームページには、多疾病罹患の予防策の研究を促進すべきことを強調している(非特許文献7)。   As Boyd et al. Announced in JAMA in 2005 (Non-Patent Document 1), the coexistence of two or more types of chronic diseases is defined as multimorbidity. Reported that 67% of 30,923,846 people who continued to participate in Medicare in the United States during 2008 were affected by multiple illnesses, the prevalence of multiple chronic diseases increased with age, and was 81.5% at 85 years and older (Non-Patent Document 2). When we examined the frequency of multi-morbidity in 40 limited chronic diseases in the UK, 42.2% had only one disease and 23.2% had multiple diseases with more than one disease. It has been reported (Non-patent Document 3). As a result, when there are multiple chronic illnesses, it is natural that the number of medications increases, and according to a study of 700 elderly people by Fushiki et al. Of Jichi Medical University, the average number of medications for men and women with an average age of 79.5 years is 6.36 It has been reported that polypharmacy of 5 or more drugs was 63% (Non-patent Document 4). In addition, according to a cohort study by Green et al., It is reported that adverse drug events increase by 29% when one prescriber increases in multi-disease patients (Non-patent Document 5). In other words, multi-morbidity is the largest cause of polypharmacy, and polypharmacy is a worldwide problem because it is the largest cause of increased side effects due to drugs, and increased drug costs and medical costs. Currently, guidelines for a single chronic disease exist for a number of each chronic disease. I can't use it. Only diabetes and angina are recommended when there are multiple comorbidities, but there are currently no good guidelines for multi-disease conditions. Although research on how to actually cope with multi-morbidity is necessary (Non-patent Document 6), the website of Johns Hopkins Medical University states that research on preventive measures against multi-morbidity should be promoted. (Non-patent document 7).

日本においても、日本人間ドック学会の統計によれば、基本項目すべてに異常のないスーパーノーマルは、集計の開始された1984年においては29.8%であったにもかかわらず、毎年減少し2014年には6.6%と過去最低であったと報告されており(非特許文献8)、多疾病罹患は確実に増加していると考えられ、その対策の開発が急務である。   In Japan, according to the statistics of the Japan Ningen Dock Society, the super normal with no abnormalities in all the basic items decreased every year even though it was 29.8% in 1984, when the counting was started, and in 2014, It is reported that it was a record low of 6.6% (Non-patent Document 8), and it is considered that the incidence of multiple diseases is definitely increasing, and the development of countermeasures is urgently needed.

認知症は、後天的原因により生じる知能の障害であり、アルツハイマー型認知症、アルツハイマー型認知症と脳血管性認知症の混合型、脳血管性認知症、レビー小体型認知症、正常圧水頭症、前頭側頭葉症候群などに大別される。老年期の認知症性疾患の主なものはアルツハイマー型認知症と脳血管性認知症であり、両者で75%〜80%を占めるとされ、アルツハイマー型認知症が優位に高率とされている。30才以上の認知症の有病率は、欧米や西太平洋先進地域において4〜6%と報告されているが、85才以上の高齢者になると20%〜33%に増加する。今後460万人/年の割合で認知症患者は増え続け、2020年には4230万人に、2040年では8110万人に増加すると推計され、認知症は世界中で今後急速に増加すると考えられる(非特許文献9)。つまり、アルツハイマー型認知症は、増加してきているが、正常圧水頭症、脳血管性認知症を除きアルツハイマー型認知症をはじめ認知症に対する治療は、原因が確定されていないため現在においても治療法は確立されていないことが最大の問題である。   Dementia is an intellectual disability caused by acquired causes, such as Alzheimer type dementia, mixed type of Alzheimer type dementia and cerebrovascular dementia, cerebrovascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, normal pressure hydrocephalus It is roughly classified into frontotemporal lobe syndrome. The main dementia diseases in old age are Alzheimer's dementia and cerebrovascular dementia, accounting for 75% -80% of both, and Alzheimer's dementia is predominantly high. . The prevalence of dementia over 30 years old is reported to be 4-6% in Western countries and developed areas in the western Pacific, but increases to 20% -33% when aged over 85 years old. The number of patients with dementia will continue to increase at a rate of 4.6 million / year in the future, estimated to increase to 42.3 million in 2020 and 81.1 million in 2040, and dementia is expected to increase rapidly worldwide. (Non-patent document 9). In other words, Alzheimer-type dementia has been increasing, but treatment for dementia, including Alzheimer-type dementia, except for normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebrovascular dementia, is still a treatment method because the cause has not been determined. The biggest problem is that it has not been established.

また、軽度認知障害mild cognitive impairment (MCI)は、1999年にPetersenらにより提唱された概念であり(非特許文献10)、2003年にPetersenらにより新たな提唱された診断基準(非特許文献11)が現在、軽度認知障害(MCI)の診断に用いられている。つまり、軽度認知障害は、本人や家族から認知機能低下の訴えがあり、認知機能は正常ではないが認知症の診断基準も満たさず、複雑な日常生活動作に最低限の障害はあっても,基本的な日常生活機能は正常であることとされている。つまり、軽度認知障害(MCI)においては、認知症の行動・心理症状behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD)は全く認められない。PetersenらがMayoクリニックで彼らの基準によるMCIの対象を15年以上に渡って追跡調査した結果、1年あたり平均12%の割合で認知症あるいはprobable ADへと進行し、6年で約80%が認知症に至ったと報告されている(非特許文献12)。この結果より、軽度認知障害(MCI)を改善できれば、当然アルツハイマー型認知症に進行する患者は少なくなると考えられる。しかし、2005年にMCI対するドネペジル塩酸塩による治験の成績が報告され、ドネペジル塩酸塩の服用によって1年間であれば有意に認知症への進行を抑制できるが、しかしその後は進展防御の効果はないことが報告され(非特許文献13)、ドネペジル塩酸塩を投与しても認知機能低下は結局は1年後には無治療状態と同様の経過をたどる。つまり、アルツハイマー型認知症の認知機能を改善する有効な薬剤が開発さていないのと同じように、軽度認知障害(MCI)においても認知機能低下を改善する有効な薬剤は開発できていない(非特許文献14)。   Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a concept proposed by Petersen et al. In 1999 (Non-Patent Document 10), and a new diagnostic criterion proposed by Petersen et al. In 2003 (Non-Patent Document 11). ) Is currently used to diagnose mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In other words, mild cognitive impairment has complained of cognitive decline from the person or family, cognitive function is not normal, but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for dementia, even if there are minimal obstacles to complex daily activities, Basic daily life functions are assumed to be normal. That is, in mild cognitive impairment (MCI), behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are not recognized at all. Petersen et al., Who followed MCI subjects according to their criteria at the Mayo Clinic over 15 years, progressed to dementia or probable AD at an average rate of 12% per year, about 80% in 6 years Has been reported to have dementia (Non-patent Document 12). From these results, if mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be improved, it is natural that fewer patients progress to Alzheimer's dementia. However, the results of a clinical trial with donepezil hydrochloride against MCI were reported in 2005, and the use of donepezil hydrochloride can significantly suppress the progression to dementia for 1 year, but there is no effect of progress protection thereafter. (Non-patent Document 13), even if donepezil hydrochloride is administered, cognitive decline eventually follows the same course as in the untreated state after one year. In other words, just as no effective drug for improving cognitive function in Alzheimer's dementia has been developed, an effective drug for improving cognitive decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) has not been developed (non-patented) Reference 14).

アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害においても多疾病罹患が起こり易く、自律神経障害としての便秘、過活動膀胱が高率に合併する。つまり、通常の慢性便秘の頻度は、systematic reviewによれば0.7〜79%(中央値16%)と報告されているが(非特許文献15)、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害患者はその殆どが高齢であるため便秘症は頻繁に見られる合併症である。介護施設、在宅高齢者7758人における認知障害は73.7%であり、便秘症は1967人(25.4%)であったと報告されている(非特許文献16)。   Even in Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment, multiple diseases are likely to occur, and constipation as an autonomic disorder and overactive bladder are complicated at a high rate. In other words, the frequency of normal chronic constipation is reported to be 0.7-79% (median 16%) according to a systematic review (Non-Patent Document 15), but most patients with Alzheimer-type dementia or mild cognitive impairment Because of age, constipation is a frequent complication. It was reported that cognitive impairment was 73.7% in 7758 elderly care homes and elderly at home, and constipation was 1967 (25.4%) (Non-patent Document 16).

また、過活動膀胱は、Irwinらは18歳以上の一般住民の11.8%が過活動膀胱であり、年齢と共にその発生頻度は高くなる(非特許文献17)と報告しており、失禁は高齢者で非常に多く、在宅高齢者の5-10%、施設入居高齢者の約50%に認められると報告されている(非特許文献18)。さらに、アルツハイマー型認知症においてその44%が過活動膀胱の診断基準の一つである夜間頻尿を起こすことが報告されている(非特許文献19)。   Irwin et al. Reported that 11.8% of the general population over the age of 18 is overactive bladder, and the frequency of overactive bladder increases with age (Non-patent Document 17). It is reported that it is observed in 5-10% of elderly people living at home and about 50% of elderly people living in facilities (Non-patent Document 18). Furthermore, it has been reported that 44% of Alzheimer-type dementia causes nocturia, which is one of the diagnostic criteria for overactive bladder (Non-patent Document 19).

さらに、アメリカの健康栄養調査(NHANES)によると、アメリカにおける慢性腎臓病(CKD)患者数は成人人口の約13%であり、日本においても慢性腎臓病(CKD)患者数は成人人口の13%を占めており1300万人と報告されており(非特許文献20)、Cardiovascular Health Cognition Studyにおいては中等度の腎機能障害があると認知症発症が37%増加することが示された(非特許文献21)。さらに、アルツハイマー型認知症患者の大部分が高齢であるため年齢的に腎機能が低下し易く慢性腎臓病(CKD)が合併しやすい。   Furthermore, according to the US Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES), the number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in the United States is about 13% of the adult population, and in Japan, the number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients is 13% of the adult population. It is reported that there are 13 million people (Non-Patent Document 20), and Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study showed that there was a 37% increase in dementia with moderate renal dysfunction (Non-Patent Document 20). Reference 21). Furthermore, since most Alzheimer-type dementia patients are elderly, renal function tends to decrease with age, and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is likely to be complicated.

つまり、アルツハイマー型認知症、および、軽度認知障害には、自律神経障害による便秘症、過活動膀胱が高率に合併し、慢性腎臓病も高頻度に合併が見られ多疾病罹患が高頻度に認められる。しかし、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害において、これらの合併疾患とのどのような組み合わせにも有効なガイドラインは全く存在しておらず、この多疾病罹患に対する特異的な治療薬は存在していない。   In other words, Alzheimer-type dementia and mild cognitive impairment are complicated by constipation due to autonomic neuropathy and overactive bladder. Chronic kidney disease is also frequently observed, and multiple diseases are frequently observed. Is recognized. However, there are no effective guidelines for any combination with these comorbidities in Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and there is no specific treatment for this disease. .

アルツハイマー型認知症の治療としては、薬物は3種類のアセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬(ドネペジル塩酸塩,ガランタミン,リバスチグミン)と1種類の低親和性N-メチル-D-アスパラギン受容体拮抗薬(メマンチン)のみであるが,これらは症状改善薬でありいずれも認知機能に対する効果は一過性でアルツハイマー病型認知症の進行を抑制することはできず根本的な治療効果が期待されるものではない。アルツハイマー型認知症の原因が、βアミロイドであるという仮説により作成されたアミロイド能動ワクチンによる根本的な治療としての治験は髄膜脳炎のために中止された。その後の経過で脳のアミロイドβ蓄積は軽減されていたが、認知症の進行抑制はできなかったことが示された(非特許文献22)。   For the treatment of Alzheimer-type dementia, the drugs are only 3 acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil hydrochloride, galantamine, rivastigmine) and 1 low-affinity N-methyl-D-asparagine receptor antagonist (memantine) However, these are symptom-improving drugs, all of which have a temporary effect on cognitive function and cannot suppress the progression of Alzheimer's disease type dementia, and a fundamental therapeutic effect is not expected. The trial as a radical treatment with active amyloid vaccine, which was created based on the hypothesis that Alzheimer's disease is caused by β-amyloid, was discontinued due to meningoencephalitis. It was shown that amyloid β accumulation in the brain was reduced in the subsequent course, but the progression of dementia could not be suppressed (Non-patent Document 22).

現在一般的に用いられているアルツハイマー型認知症治療薬自体に便秘、頻尿、尿失禁の副作用が存在している。そして、過活動膀胱治療薬においてはミラベグリン以外の過活動膀胱治療薬には便秘の副作用があり、ソリフェナシン、ミラベグロンにはクレアチニン上昇の副作用がある。結果として、便秘症、過活動膀胱、慢性腎臓病を高率に合併するアルツハイマー型認知症、および軽度認知障害の治療は非常な困難を伴い多剤投与となりやすい。   Side effects such as constipation, frequent urination, and urinary incontinence exist in Alzheimer-type dementia treatment drugs that are commonly used at present. And in the overactive bladder therapeutic agent, the overactive bladder therapeutic agents other than mirabegrine have the side effect of constipation, and solifenacin and mirabegron have the side effect of increasing creatinine. As a result, treatment of constipation, overactive bladder, Alzheimer's dementia with a high rate of chronic kidney disease, and mild cognitive impairment is very difficult and is likely to be multidrug.

現在も、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害の患者に便秘、過活動膀胱、慢性腎臓病などが合併する場合、それぞれに対する薬剤が何の躊躇もなく投与され多剤投与となっている。そのため、副作用が複雑となり、副作用発生の頻度が増加することになる。薬剤の相互作用においては、2剤までしか研究されておらず多剤投与における相互作用、副作用は予想することが困難であることも問題である。   At present, when constipation, overactive bladder, chronic kidney disease, etc. are combined in a patient with Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment, the drugs for each are administered without any hesitation and become multidrug administration. Therefore, side effects become complicated and the frequency of occurrence of side effects increases. In drug interactions, only two drugs have been studied, and it is also a problem that interactions and side effects in multidrug administration are difficult to predict.

漢方薬治療においては、紀元3世紀初頭に記された金匱要略(Jingui Yaolue)において認知症に対して防已地黄湯を投与するように処方を示している。しかし、研究の結果、アルツハイマー型認知症に対しての漢方薬投与は認知症の行動・心理症状behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia(BPSD)などの症状改善はあるが,長期的に認知機能を改善する根本的な治療効果のある漢方薬は存在していないとされている。アルツハイマー型認知症に対して最も多く用いられる抑肝散は、BPSDに対して投与されており(非特許文献23)、日本神経学会認知症疾患治療ガイドライン2017にはレビー小体型認知症のBPSD抑制のために用いることが記載されている(非特許文献24)。また、抑肝散のみではBPSD抑制効果が得られない場合、脳血管障害性認知症に対して用いられる黄連解毒湯を追加投与することによりBPSD抑制があったが認知機能の改善は示されていない(非特許文献25)。つまり、これは認知機能の改善ができないばかりでなく、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害に高頻度に合併する他の疾患である便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病を1剤で軽快させることを目的とする薬剤とは全くかけ離れて無関係であり別次元のものである。半夏白朮天麻湯を投与し認知機能が改善したとの報告はあるが(非特許文献26)、観察期間が4週間でありドネペジル塩酸塩と同様一時的なものと考えられる以上にアルツハイマー型認知症に高頻度に合併する疾患である便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病を軽快させることはできない。つまり、アルツハイマー型認知症、および軽度認知障害の認知機能改善薬を開発するために1700年もの非常に長い期間研究しているにもかかわらず、漢方薬では認知機能を改善する薬物の開発は困難を極めており、さらにはアルツハイマー型認知症、および軽度認知障害に高頻度に合併する便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病の多疾病罹患を一剤で改善する薬剤を当業者の誰ひとりとして開発できていない。   In Chinese herbal medicine treatment, Jingui Yaolue, written at the beginning of the 3rd century AD, shows a prescription for administration of anti-demented yellow to dementia. However, as a result of research, Kampo medicine for Alzheimer-type dementia has improved symptoms such as behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), but fundamentally improves cognitive function in the long term. It is said that there is no traditional Chinese medicine with effective therapeutic effect. Yokukansan, which is most commonly used for Alzheimer-type dementia, has been administered for BPSD (Non-patent Document 23), and the Japanese Society of Neurological Dementia Disease Treatment Guidelines 2017 includes BPSD suppression for Lewy body dementia. (Non-patent Document 24). In addition, when Yokukansan alone does not provide a BPSD inhibitory effect, additional administration of Korentoto used for cerebrovascular disorder dementia resulted in BPSD suppression, but improvement of cognitive function was shown. (Non-patent Document 25). In other words, this not only does not improve cognitive function, but also relieves Alzheimer-type dementia or other diseases frequently associated with mild cognitive impairment, such as constipation, overactive bladder and chronic kidney disease It is completely unrelated to the target drug and is in another dimension. Although there has been a report that cognitive function has been improved by the administration of Hanka Hakuto Tenmato (Non-patent Document 26), the observation period is 4 weeks, and Alzheimer-type cognition is considered to be temporary as with donepezil hydrochloride. It is not possible to relieve constipation, overactive bladder and chronic kidney disease, which are frequent complications of the disease. In other words, despite the very long period of 1700 years of research to develop cognitive function-improving drugs for Alzheimer-type dementia and mild cognitive impairment, it is difficult to develop drugs that improve cognitive function with Kampo medicines. Anyone skilled in the art can develop drugs that improve Alzheimer's dementia and morbidity of constipation frequently associated with mild cognitive impairment, overactive bladder and chronic kidney disease. Not.

また、便秘症には防風通聖散をはじめとして多種類の漢方薬が使われ(非特許文献27)成果を上げているが、過活動膀胱に対しては牛車腎気丸を主とした漢方薬が使われ(非特許文献28)、慢性腎臓病(CKD)には漢方治療薬は防己黄耆湯などが使われる(非特許文献29)が、過活動膀胱と慢性腎臓においては病臨床的に認められ長期的に成果を上げているものは殆どない。   Many types of Chinese herbal medicines have been used for constipation, including Fufutsu Seisaku (Non-patent Document 27). It is used (Non-patent Document 28), and Chinese medicine is used for the prevention of chronic kidney disease (CKD) (Non-patent Document 29), but it is clinically recognized in overactive bladder and chronic kidney. There are few that have been successful in the long term.

近年アルツハイマー型認知症、および軽度認知障害、さらにはそれらに合併する疾患が著しく増加している状況となっている。しかし、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害における多疾病罹患において、それらの疾患自体および合併する便秘症、過活動膀胱、慢性腎臓病のそれぞれ個別の疾患を軽快させること自体が非常に困難である。またそれ以上に、この多疾病罹患は、神経疾患に合併する消化器疾患、泌尿器疾患、腎疾患の分野の異なる疾患の集合であるため1剤でそれらの複数の疾患を同時に軽快させようという発想すらなく、そのため、これらの多疾病罹患において1剤で同時に合併する疾患を治療できる薬剤を研究する研究者、漢方薬の当業者も存在しておらず、当然のことながらそれらの多疾病罹患治療薬に関する研究結果の報告も存在しておらず、結果としてその様な薬剤は存在していない。   In recent years, Alzheimer-type dementia, mild cognitive impairment, and diseases associated therewith have increased remarkably. However, it is very difficult to alleviate the diseases themselves and the individual diseases associated with constipation, overactive bladder, and chronic kidney disease in the multi-disease suffering from Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, since this disease is a collection of different diseases in the fields of gastrointestinal diseases, urological diseases, and kidney diseases associated with neurological diseases, the idea of simultaneously relieving multiple diseases with a single agent For this reason, there are no researchers who study drugs that can simultaneously treat diseases that are combined in a single agent in the afflictions of these diseases, and those skilled in the art of Kampo medicine. There are no reports on the results of research on this, and as a result no such drugs exist.

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本発明は黄連解毒湯(オウレンゲドクトウ)および苓桂朮甘湯(リョウケイジュツカントウ)の合剤を有効成分として含むアルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善するとともに、とそれらに合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する組成物の提供を目的とする。   The present invention improves the cognitive function of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, which contains a combination of Houren Deto-to (Ourengedokuto) and Ryoketsutsukanto as an active ingredient. An object of the present invention is to provide a composition for treating a multi-disease morbidity with one agent, treating at least one disease of the group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease with one agent.

神経疾患、消化器疾患、泌尿器疾患、腎疾患の分野の異なる合併する疾患を1つの薬剤で治すことは不可能と考えられ、開発されてこなかった。本発明者は、研究を積み重ね1種類の薬剤でアルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害と便秘、過活動膀胱、慢性腎臓病のどの組み合わせでも複数疾患を同時に治すことができる薬剤、つまり、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害における多疾病罹患を治療できる黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬を開発し、本発明を完成させるに至った。   It has been considered impossible to cure, with a single drug, complications of different complications in the fields of neurological, digestive, urological and renal diseases. The present inventor has accumulated research and has been able to cure multiple diseases simultaneously with any combination of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment and constipation, overactive bladder, chronic kidney disease, that is, Alzheimer type cognition. Has developed a Chinese herbal medicine that combines Houren Deto-to and Sakai-Kaikan-to which can treat multiple illnesses caused by symptom or mild cognitive impairment, leading to the completion of the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は以下のとおりである。
[1] 黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む、アルツハイマー型認知症の認知機能を改善するとともに、アルツハイマー型認知症に高率に合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で軽快させ治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する漢方薬。
[2] 黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む、軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善するとともに、軽度認知障害に高率に合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で軽快させ治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する漢方薬。
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] Improves cognitive function of Alzheimer-type dementia and contains overactive bladder, constipation and high complications of Alzheimer-type dementia, which contains a combination of Houren detoxin and keikei-kan-mato as active ingredients A herbal medicine that treats at least one disease of chronic kidney disease by ameliorating and treating multiple diseases with a single agent.
[2] Overactive bladder, constipation, and chronic kidney with a high rate of mild cognitive impairment, improving cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment, including a combination of Huangren detoxin and keikei kanshito A traditional Chinese medicine that cures and treats at least one of the diseases with a single agent.

本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む組成物は、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善するとともに、それらに合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で軽快させ治療することができる。   The composition comprising the combination of Houren Deto-to and Kankei-Kaikanto as an active ingredient improves the cognitive function of Alzheimer-type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and overactive bladder and constipation associated therewith And at least one disease of the group consisting of chronic kidney disease can be ameliorated and treated with a single agent.

Control群の観察開始時と観察終了時のHDS-Rの比較(n=9)を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the comparison (n = 9) of HDS-R at the time of the observation start of a control group, and the observation end. 黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与前後でのHDS-Rの比較(n=40)を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the comparison (n = 40) of HDS-R before and after the mixed Chinese medicine administration of Houren detoxin and 苓 桂 朮 甘 to. Control群の観察開始時と黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与前のHDS-Rの比較を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the comparison of HDS-R at the time of the observation start of a Control group, and before the mixed Chinese medicine administration of Houren detoxin and 苓 桂苓 甘 to. Control群の観察終了時と黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与後のHDS-Rの比較を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the comparison of HDS-R at the time of completion | finish of observation of a control group, and after the mixed Chinese medicine administration of Houren detoxin and katsura candy sweet water.

以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

本発明の組成物は、黄連解毒湯(オウレンゲドクトウ:Formula antidote coptidis)および苓桂朮甘湯(リョウケイジュツカントウ:Formula glycyrrhizae atractylodis cinnamomi hoelen)を有効成分として含む、黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤である漢方薬である。   The composition of the present invention comprises Huangren detoxin and katsushien, containing as active ingredients Huangrendokuto (Formula antidote coptidis) and Ryukeijyukanto (Formula glycyrrhizae atractylodis cinnamomi hoelen). It is a Chinese herbal medicine that is a mixture of Amyu.

黄連解毒湯(オウレンゲドクトウ)は、生薬である黄連(オウレン)(Coptidis Rhizoma)、黄ごん(オウゴン)(Scutellariae Radix)、黄柏(オウバク)(Phellodendri Cortex)および山梔子(サンシシ)(Gardeniae Fructus)を配合した漢方薬である。成人における1日量における、それぞれの乾燥生薬の配合重量は、例えば黄連1.5g〜2.0g、黄ごん3.0g、黄柏1.5g〜3.0g、山梔子2.0g〜3.0gである。   Orendetoto is the herbal medicines Coptidis Rhizoma, Ogon (Scutellariae Radix), Phellodendri Cortex and Sanshishi (Gardeniae) Fructus). The compounding weight of each dry crude drug in the daily dose in adults is, for example, 1.5 g to 2.0 g of yellow continuous, 3.0 g of yellow rice, 1.5 g to 3.0 g of jaundice, and 2.0 g to 3.0 g of yam.

以下、黄連、黄ごん、黄柏および山梔子について説明するが、以下に示したもの以外のものを指すこともある。黄連は、キンポウゲ科(Ranunculaceae)のオウレンCoptis japonica Makinoまたは他の同属植物の根をほとんど除いた根茎を乾燥したものをいう。黄ごんはシソ科(Labiatae)のコガネバナScutellaria baicalensis Georgiの周皮を除いた根を乾燥したものをいう。黄柏はミカン科(Rutaceae)キハダPhellodendron amurense RUPR.またはその他同属植物の周皮(コルク皮)を除いた樹皮を乾燥したものをいう。その他同属植物として例えばシナキハダPhellodendron chinense Schneiderが挙げられる。山梔子はアカネ科(Rubiaceae)のクチナシGardenia jasminoides ellisまたはその他同属植物の果実を乾燥したものをいう。   Hereinafter, yellow ream, yellow rice, jaundice and yam will be described, but things other than those shown below may be indicated. Yellow ream refers to the dried rhizome except for the roots of Ranunculaceae's Crenis Coptis japonica Makino or other congeneric plants. Yellow gourd means dried roots excluding the pericarp of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi from Labiatae. Jaundice refers to the dried bark excluding the pericarp (cork skin) of the Rutaceae yellowfin Phellodendron amurense RUPR. Other plants belonging to the same genus include, for example, the cinnamon hinder Phellodendron chinense Schneider. A mountain lion refers to the dried fruit of the gardenia jasminoides ellis or other related plants of the Rubiaceae family.

黄連解毒湯は上記の4種類の生薬のエキス製剤を入手して上記配合重量で混合することにより製造することができる。あるいは、上記4種類の乾燥生薬を上記配合重量で600mlの湯に入れ1時間かけて300mlにまで煮出(濃縮)し、その300mlを1日量として製造することができる。それぞれの漢方薬1回100mlを混合し1回200mlとし毎食前に1日3回服用してもよい。それぞれの漢方薬1回150mlを混合し1回300mlとし朝夕食前に1日2回服用するようにしてもよい。   Korentoto can be produced by obtaining the above four kinds of herbal extract preparations and mixing them at the above blending weight. Alternatively, the above four kinds of dry herbal medicines can be produced in 600 ml of hot water in the above blending weight and boiled (concentrated) to 300 ml over 1 hour, and 300 ml of the daily crude can be produced. You can mix 100 ml of each herbal medicine once to make 200 ml once and take 3 times a day before each meal. Each Chinese herbal medicine may be mixed 150ml once to make 300ml once and taken twice a day before breakfast and dinner.

また、市販のものを用いることもできる。市販のものとして、オースギ黄連解毒湯エキスT錠(大杉製薬)、クラシエ黄連解毒湯エキス錠(クラシエ薬品)、コタロー黄連解毒湯エキス細粒(小太郎漢方製薬)、サカモト黄連解毒湯エキス顆粒-S(阪本漢法製薬)、ツムラ黄連解毒湯エキス顆粒(医療用)(ツムラ)、JPS黄連解毒湯エキス顆粒(調剤用)(ジェーピーエス)等がある。   Commercially available products can also be used. As a commercially available product, Osugi Hokuren Detoyu Extract T Tablet (Osugi Pharmaceutical), Kracie Hokuren Detoyu Extract Tablets (Krasie Yakuhin), Kotaro Hokuren Detoyu Extract Fine Granules (Kotarou Kampo Pharmaceutical), Sakamoto Hokuren Detox Extract Granule-S (Sakamoto Hanpo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), Tsumura Korentoto extract granule (for medical use) (Tsumura), JPS Korentoto extract granule (for dispensing) (JP).

苓桂朮甘湯(リョウケイジュツカントウ)は、茯苓(ブクリョウ)(Hoelen)、蒼朮(ソウジュツ)(Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma)もしくは白朮(ビャクジュツ)(Atractylodis Rhizoma)、桂皮(ケイヒ)(Cinnamomi Cortex)並びに甘草(カンゾウ)(Glycyrrhizae Radix)を配合した生薬である。成人における1日量における、それぞれの乾燥生薬の配合重量比は、例えば、茯苓4g〜6g、蒼朮もしくは白朮2g〜3g、桂皮3g〜4g、甘草1g〜2gである。   Ryokei tsukanto can be found in Hoelen, Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma or Atractylodis Rhizoma, Cinnamomi Cortex and licorice (Cinnamomi Cortex) It is a herbal medicine containing Glycyrrhizae Radix. The blended weight ratio of each dry crude drug in the daily dose for adults is, for example, 4 g to 6 g of cocoon, 2 g to 3 g of strawberry or white cocoon, 3 g to 4 g of cinnamon, and 1 g to 2 g of licorice.

以下、茯苓および桂皮について説明するが、以下に示したもの以外のものを指すこともある。蒼朮もしくは白朮並びに甘草は上記のとおりである。   Hereinafter, cocoons and cinnamon will be described, but things other than those shown below may be indicated. Salmon or birch and licorice are as described above.

茯苓は、サルノコシカケ科(Polyporaceae)のマツホドPoria cocos Wolfの菌核をそのまま、または外層をほとんど除いて乾燥したものをいう。桂皮はクスノキ科(Lauraceae)のCinnamomum cassia Blumeまたはその他同属植物の樹皮を乾燥したものをいう。   Acupuncture refers to a dried product of the polyporaceae family of pine pods, Polya cocos Wolf, as it is or with almost no outer layer removed. Cinnamon is the dried bark of Cinnamomum cassia Blume from Lauraceae or other related plants.

黄連解毒湯または苓桂朮甘湯に含まれる生薬のエキスは、例えば上記生薬を水もしくは熱水、エタノール、酢酸等でエキスを抽出し、スプレードライや凍結乾燥により乾燥し粉末として用いることができる。該粉末を混合し、黄連解毒湯または苓桂朮甘湯を製造し、これらを混合し合剤を製造する。   The herbal medicine extract contained in Hou Ren Detoyu or Sakai Katsuri Ayu can be used as a powder by extracting the above herbal medicine with water or hot water, ethanol, acetic acid, etc., and drying by spray drying or freeze drying. . The powder is mixed to produce Huangren Detoxification Hot Water or Sakai Kekanto, and these are mixed to produce a mixture.

黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤は成人1日用量として黄連解毒湯乾燥エキス末2.5〜10g、好ましくは5〜10g、さらに好ましくは7〜8g、特に好ましくは7.5gと苓桂朮甘湯乾燥エキス末2.5〜10g、好ましくは5〜10g、さらに好ましくは7〜8g、特に好ましくは7.5gを混合すればよい。この場合、それぞれの漢方薬1回100mlを混合し1回200mlとし毎食前に1日3回服用してもよい。それぞれの漢方薬1回150mlを混合し1回300mlとし朝夕食前に1日2回服用してもよい。市販漢方薬エキスを用いる場合、市販黄連解毒湯エキスおよび市販苓桂朮甘湯の指定された1日量をそれぞれ3分割し、混合して1日3回食前に服用してもよい。また、市販黄連解毒湯エキスおよび市販苓桂朮甘湯の指定された1日量をそれぞれ2分割し、混合して1日2回朝夕食前に服用してもよい。混合したものを通常の製剤に用いる適当な賦形剤、補助剤等を加えて製剤製造の常法に従って散剤、顆粒剤、錠剤、カプセル剤、液剤、シロップ剤等の経口製剤とすることにより本発明の組成物を得ることができる。また、その他適宜結合剤、崩壊剤、界面活性剤、矯味剤、香料を配合してもよい。賦形剤として例えば、デンプン、デキストリン、乳糖、白糖、マンニット、結晶セルロース、無水ケイ酸等が挙げられる。   Huangren Detoyu and Sakai Keito Awato are daily adult doses of 2.5 to 10 g, preferably 5 to 10 g, more preferably 7 to 8 g, particularly preferably 7.5 g. It is sufficient to mix 2.5 to 10 g, preferably 5 to 10 g, more preferably 7 to 8 g, and particularly preferably 7.5 g of sweet-hot dry extract powder. In this case, 100 ml of each herbal medicine may be mixed to make 200 ml once and taken 3 times a day before each meal. Each Chinese herbal medicine may be mixed 150ml once to make 300ml once and taken twice a day before dinner. When using a commercially available Chinese herbal medicine extract, the designated daily doses of the commercially available Hou Ren Deto-to extract and the commercially available katsura candy sweet water may each be divided into three, mixed and taken three times a day before meals. Also, the designated daily doses of commercially available Houren detox extract and commercially available katsura candy sweet water may be divided into two, mixed and taken twice a day before dinner in the morning. Add the appropriate excipients, adjuvants, etc. used in normal preparations and mix them into oral preparations such as powders, granules, tablets, capsules, liquids, syrups, etc. according to conventional methods for preparation. Inventive compositions can be obtained. Moreover, you may mix | blend binder, a disintegrating agent, surfactant, a corrigent, and a fragrance | flavor suitably. Examples of the excipient include starch, dextrin, lactose, sucrose, mannitol, crystalline cellulose, and silicic anhydride.

本発明の組成物は、その剤型に応じて異なるが、通常全組成物中黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯が0.1〜100重量%程度含まれる。本発明の組成物の患者への投与量は患者の年齢を考慮して、1日1回または数回に分けて、数日から数十カ月、あるいは数年から十数年にわたって投与すればよい。   The composition of the present invention varies depending on the dosage form, but usually contains about 0.1 to 100% by weight of Huangren Deto-To and Kankei-kanto in the total composition. The dose of the composition of the present invention to a patient may be administered over a period of several days to several tens of months, or several years to several tens of years, taking into account the age of the patient and divided into once or several times a day. .

本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤は、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害(Mild Cognitive Impairment: MCI)とそれらに合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で治療する漢方薬である。アルツハイマー型認知症に罹患している患者または軽度認知障害を有する患者は、過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群から選択される疾患の1つ、2つまたは3つを高率に合併していることが多い。例えば、本発明者らが検討したアルツハイマー型認知症を罹患している患者18例および軽度認知障害を有する患者22例を用いた検査では、アルツハイマー型認知症に罹患している患者または軽度認知障害を有する患者の92.5%は過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病のいずれかを合併しており、82.5%は過活動膀胱を合併しており、72.5%は便秘症を合併しており、50%は慢性腎臓病を合併していた。このように、同時に複数の疾患が併存することを多疾病罹患という。また、過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病のすべてを合併している患者は32.5%であり、過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病の2疾患を合併している患者は47.5%であり、いずれの疾患も合併していない患者は7.5%であった。本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤は、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善し、かつアルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害に合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の1つ、2つまたは3つの疾患を軽快し治療し得る。すなわち、本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤は、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害と過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患の多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する漢方薬である。   The combination of Houren Deto-to and Kankei-Kame-to of the present invention is a group consisting of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease associated therewith It is a traditional Chinese medicine that treats at least one of these diseases with a single agent. Patients suffering from Alzheimer-type dementia or patients with mild cognitive impairment have a high rate of one, two or three diseases selected from the group consisting of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease Often merged. For example, in the examination using 18 patients suffering from Alzheimer's dementia and 22 patients with mild cognitive impairment examined by the present inventors, patients suffering from Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment 92.5% of patients with overcurrent bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease, 82.5% with overactive bladder, 72.5% with constipation, 50 % Had chronic kidney disease. Thus, the coexistence of a plurality of diseases at the same time is called multi-disease. In addition, 32.5% of patients have all of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease, and 47.5% of patients have both of overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease. 7.5% of patients did not have any disease. The combination of Houren Deto-to and Otsukei-Kaikanto improves the cognitive function of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment, and overactive bladder and constipation complicated with Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment And one, two or three diseases of the group consisting of chronic kidney disease can be ameliorated and treated. That is, the combination of Huangren detoxification and keikei kansaito according to the present invention is a multi-disease disease of at least one disease of the group consisting of Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment and overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease. Is a Chinese medicine that treats

アルツハイマー型認知症とは、脳が委縮していく神経変性疾患であるアルツハイマー病に罹患した患者に現れる認知症をいう。   Alzheimer-type dementia refers to dementia that appears in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease, a neurodegenerative disease in which the brain atrophy.

軽度認知障害とは、認知症の前段階に当たり健常者と認知症の中間の段階と考えられ、正常化老化過程で予想されるよりも認知機能が低下しているが、認知症とまでは言えない状態をいう。軽度認知障害の定義として、1.本人または家族が認知機能低下(記憶、決定、理由づけ、実行)を訴えている、2.認知機能は正常ではないが、認知症の診断基準を満たさない、3.複雑な日常動作に最低限の障害はあるが、日常生活は普通に過ごせる、の3つが挙げられる。   Mild cognitive impairment is considered to be an intermediate stage between healthy people and dementia in the previous stage of dementia, and cognitive function is lower than expected in the normalization aging process, but it can be said to be dementia. It means no state. As a definition of mild cognitive impairment: 1. The person or family member complains of cognitive decline (memory, decision, reasoning, execution) 2. Cognitive function is not normal but does not meet the diagnostic criteria for dementia. Although there are minimum obstacles to complex daily activities, there are three that can be spent in daily life.

アルツハイマー型認知症および軽度認知障害は、長谷川式簡易知能評価スケール(HDS-R)やミニメンタルステート検査(Mini Mental State Examination: MMSE)により診断することができる。長谷川式簡易知能評価スケール(HDS-R)は、30点満点の全9項目のテストの結果から認知症の傾向を探るテストであり、MMSEは30点満点の9項目13の質問からなる検査であり、見当識、記憶力、計算力、言語的能力、図形的能力等をカバーする検査である。   Alzheimer-type dementia and mild cognitive impairment can be diagnosed by the Hasegawa Simple Intelligence Evaluation Scale (HDS-R) or the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE). Hasegawa-style Simple Intelligence Evaluation Scale (HDS-R) is a test to investigate the tendency of dementia from the results of all 9 items of the 30-point test. MMSE is a test consisting of 9 items and 13 questions of the 30-point maximum. Yes, this is a test that covers orientation, memory, computation, linguistic ability, graphic ability, etc.

HDS-Rによるテストで20点以上であった場合に、認知機能は正常であり、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害が改善したと判断することができる。   If the HDS-R score is 20 or higher, it can be determined that cognitive function is normal and Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment has improved.

過活動膀胱は、膀胱の不随意の収縮による尿意切迫感を伴う排尿障害をいい、例えば、尿意切迫感があり、かつ夜間排尿が3回以上ある場合に過活動膀胱と診断する。夜間頻尿が1回以下になったときに過活動膀胱が軽快し治療できたと判断することができる。   Overactive bladder refers to dysuria associated with a sense of urgency due to involuntary contraction of the bladder. For example, when there is a sense of urgency and there are three or more nighttime urinations, an overactive bladder is diagnosed. It can be determined that the overactive bladder has been relieved and treated when nocturia is less than once.

便秘症は生活習慣、病気、薬剤の副作用等の種々の原因となって起こる排便が少ない状態をいう。便秘症か否かはROME III診断基準(Longstreth GF, et al., Gastroenterology 130: 1480-1491, 2006.)に基づいて判断することができ、該基準に基づいて便秘症が軽快し治療できたと判断することができる。   Constipation is a condition in which defecation occurs due to various causes such as lifestyle, illness, and side effects of drugs. Whether constipation can be determined based on the ROME III diagnostic criteria (Longstreth GF, et al., Gastroenterology 130: 1480-1491, 2006.), and constipation was relieved and treated based on the criteria Judgment can be made.

慢性腎臓病(Chronic Kidney Disease: CKD)とは腎臓の障害が慢性的に続いている状態をいい、腎障害の存在(蛋白尿または血尿がある、画像診断で傷害が認められる、など)および腎機能の低下(eGFR(推算糸球体濾過値)が60ml/分/1.73m2未満)の状態のいずれかまたは両方が3ヵ月以上続く場合、慢性腎臓病に罹患していると診断される。例えば、eGFR(推算糸球体濾過値)が60ml/分/1.73m2以上の場合に、慢性腎臓病が軽快し治療できたと判断することができる。 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a condition in which kidney damage continues chronically. The presence of kidney damage (such as proteinuria or hematuria, injuries detected by diagnostic imaging) and kidneys A person is diagnosed with chronic kidney disease if either or both of the conditions of reduced function (eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) <60 ml / min / 1.73 m 2 ) persist for more than 3 months. For example, when eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate) is 60 ml / min / 1.73 m 2 or more, it can be determined that chronic kidney disease has been ameliorated and treated.

本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤の投与量は、例えば成人における場合、市販医療用漢方エキス製剤で1日用量が7.5gあれば、各々の漢方薬2.5gずつの混合合剤を食前に1日3回経口投与すればよい。各々の患者の反応により異なるが、患者の症状が軽快するまで投与する。   For example, in the case of adults, if the daily dose is 7.5 g for a commercial medical Kampo extract, a mixture of 2.5 g of each Kampo medicine will be used. The agent may be orally administered 3 times a day before meals. Depending on the response of each patient, dosing until the patient's symptoms are resolved.

さらに、本発明の組成物を食品、飲料品に混合し飲食品組成物または飼料組成物として使用することができる。この際、飲食品または飼料の1回の摂取分量に対して黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯を例えば市販医療用漢方薬エキスが人において1日量が7.5gの場合、100mg/kgの量となるように配合すればよい。本発明の組成物は、粉末、顆粒状、液状、ペースト状などの飲食品組成物または飼料組成物として用いることもできる。飲食品は、機能性表示食品、健康飲食品、特定保健用飲食品、栄養機能飲食品、健康補助飲食品等を含む。ここで、特定保健用食品とは、食生活において特定の保健の目的で摂取をし、その摂取により当該保健の目的が期待できる旨の表示をする食品をいう。また、機能性表示食品とは、事業者の責任で、化学的根拠を基に商品パッケージに機能性を表示する食品をいう。本発明の組成物には、例えば、「認知機能を維持する」、「認知機能の一部を維持する」、「便秘を改善する」、「排尿障害を改善する」、「過活動膀胱を改善する」、「腎機能を改善する」、「認知機能を維持すると共に、便秘、過活動膀胱もしくは排尿障害、ならびに腎機能のいずれか1つ、2つまたは3つを改善する」等の表示をすればよい。   Furthermore, the composition of this invention can be mixed with a foodstuff and a drink, and can be used as a food-drinks composition or a feed composition. At this time, if the daily dose is 7.5g for humans, the amount of 100mg / kg of Huangren detoxin and katsura candy sweet water for a single intake of food or drink or feed What is necessary is just to mix | blend. The composition of the present invention can also be used as a food / beverage composition or feed composition such as powder, granule, liquid or paste. The foods and drinks include functional display foods, health foods and drinks, specific health foods and drinks, nutritional functional foods and drinks, health supplement foods and drinks, and the like. Here, the food for specified health refers to food that is ingested for the purpose of specific health in the diet and displays that the purpose of the health can be expected by the intake. The functional labeling food means food that displays the functionality on the product package based on the chemical basis at the responsibility of the operator. The composition of the present invention includes, for example, “maintain cognitive function”, “maintain part of cognitive function”, “improve constipation”, “improve dysuria”, “improve overactive bladder” ”,“ Improve renal function ”,“ maintain cognitive function, improve constipation, overactive bladder or dysuria, and any one, two or three of renal function ” do it.

本発明を以下の実施例によって具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。   The present invention will be specifically described by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

実施例においては、市販漢方薬エキス(株式会社ツムラ)を用い、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬は、1日投与量として黄連解毒湯乾燥エキス末7.5gと苓桂朮甘湯乾燥エキス末7.5gを投与した。   In the examples, a commercial Chinese herbal medicine extract (Tsura Co., Ltd.) was used, and a mixed Chinese medicine of Huangren Detoyu and Sakai Keitoyu was used as a daily dose of 7.5 g of Huangren Detoyu Dry Extract Powder and Sakai Keito Ayu. 7.5 g of extract powder was administered.

1.対象:
対象は、2002年6月18日より2017年7月27日の間経過を追い評価した認知障害のある49例(アルツハイマー型認知症22例、軽度認知障害27例)(男:女=5:44)、平均年齢82.0±1.1才であり、49例中control群は9例(アルツハイマー型認知症4例、軽度認知障害5例)であり、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬治療群は40例(アルツハイマー型認知症18例、軽度認知障害22例)であった。対象49例全てに複数の合併症があったが、40例の黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬治療群において便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病とのいずれかとの合併は92.5%(37/40)(アルツハイマー型認知症18例中17例、軽度認知障害22例中20例)であり、便秘症の合併72.5%(29/40)(アルツハイマー型認知症18例12例、軽度認知障害22例中17例)、過活動膀胱の合併82.5%(33/40)(アルツハイマー型認知症18例中15例、軽度認知障害22例中18例)、慢性腎臓病50%(20/40)(アルツハイマー型認知症18例中9例、軽度認知障害22例中11例)であった。また、3疾患との合併13例、2疾患との合併19例、1疾患との合併5例、3疾患との合併なし3例であった。control群9例においては便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病とのいずれかとの合併は88.9%(8/9)であり、便秘症の合併55.6%(5/9)、過活動膀胱の合併33.3%(3/9)、慢性腎臓病の合併55.6%(5/9)であり、便秘症、過活動膀胱および慢性腎臓病の3疾患との合併1例、2疾患との合併3例、1疾患との合併4例、3疾患との合併なし1例であった。
1. Target:
The subjects were 49 patients with cognitive impairment evaluated between 18th June 2002 and 27th July 2017 (22 Alzheimer-type dementia, 27 mild cognitive impairment) (Male: Female = 5: 44), the average age is 82.0 ± 1.1 years, and the control group is 9 cases (4 cases of Alzheimer type dementia, 5 cases of mild cognitive impairment). The group was 40 patients (18 Alzheimer's dementia, 22 mild cognitive impairment). All 49 subjects had multiple complications, but the combination of either constipation, overactive bladder or chronic kidney disease was 92.5 in the mixed Chinese herbal medicine treatment group of 40 cases % (37/40) (17 of 18 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia, 20 of 22 cases of mild cognitive impairment) and 72.5% (29/40) of complications of constipation (12 cases of 18 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia) 17 of 22 mild cognitive impairment), 82.5% (33/40) of overactive bladder (15/18 Alzheimer-type dementia, 18 of 22 mild cognitive impairment), 50% of chronic kidney disease (20 / 40) (9 of 18 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia, 11 of 22 cases of mild cognitive impairment). There were 13 cases with 3 diseases, 19 cases with 2 diseases, 5 cases with 1 disease, and 3 cases without 3 diseases. In 9 patients in the control group, 88.9% (8/9) were associated with constipation, overactive bladder, or chronic kidney disease, and 55.6% (5/9), combined with overactive bladder 33.3% (3/9), 55.6% (5/9) with chronic kidney disease, 1 case with constipation, overactive bladder and chronic kidney disease, 1 case, 3 cases with 2 diseases, There were 4 cases with 1 disease and 1 case without 3 diseases.

2.方法:
対象のアルツハイマー型認知症は、ICD-10における診断基準と頭部MRIなどの画像診断により臨床的に診断し、軽度認知障害は、2003年のPetersenらの診断基準(Petersen RC, et al., Arch Neurol 62: 1160-1163, 2005)と頭部MRIなどの画像診断により臨床的に診断した。改定長谷川式簡易知能スケール(HDS-R)とMini-Mental-State Examination(MMSE)との相関は0.94と非常に高い値を示し(加藤伸司、他: 改定長谷川式簡易知能スケール(HDS-R)の作成. 老年精神医学雑誌2巻 11号: 1339-1347. 1991)、さらに、HDS-Rにおいてカットオフ値を20/21点と設定すると認知症の鑑別は感度0.90、特異性0.82で年齢や教育年数の影響はなく再現性が高いため、客観性を重視しHDS-Rを用い点数化し経過、治療効果を示した。
2. Method:
The target Alzheimer type dementia is clinically diagnosed by diagnostic criteria in ICD-10 and diagnostic imaging such as head MRI. Mild cognitive impairment is diagnosed by Petersen et al. In 2003 (Petersen RC, et al., Arch Neurol 62: 1160-1163, 2005) and clinical diagnosis by image diagnosis such as head MRI. The correlation between the revised Hasegawa simplified intelligence scale (HDS-R) and the Mini-Mental-State Examination (MMSE) is 0.94, which is very high (Shinji Kato, et al .: revised Hasegawa simplified intelligence scale (HDS-R)) Geriatric Psychiatric Journal Vol.11, No.1339-1347. 1991), and HDS-R with a cut-off value of 20/21 points, the discrimination of dementia is 0.90 with a sensitivity of 0.82 and a specificity of 0.82. Since there is no influence on the number of years of education and the reproducibility is high, the objectives were emphasized, and HDS-R was used to score, and the therapeutic effect was shown.

便秘症の診断は、RomeIII(Longstreth GF, et al., Gastroenterology 130: 1480-1491, 2006.)に基づいて分類し診断した。   Diagnosis of constipation was classified and diagnosed based on RomeIII (Longstreth GF, et al., Gastroenterology 130: 1480-1491, 2006.).

過活動膀胱の診断は、日本排尿機能学会過活動膀胱診療ガイドラインを用い、過活動膀胱症状質問表(OABSS)により経過を観察したが、おむつを使用している例が多く診断に障害を伴っているため尿意切迫感があり、かつ夜間排尿が3回以上のものを過活動膀胱とし、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与にて夜間頻尿が1回以下になったものを有効とした。便秘症の治療効果の判定は、治療後に排便が1回/2日以下で排便がスムーズに行われる様になったものを有効とした。慢性腎臓病の診断は、KDIDO CKD guideline 2012を日本人用に改編した日本腎臓病学会慢性腎臓病診断基準に基づいて行い、経過はeGFR(推算糸球体濾過値)で表し、eGFRの正常値は、60ml/分/1.73m2以上とした。それぞれの疾患において診断基準成立前から経過を観察していた症例は、成立した診断基準をそれぞれの症例に適応し表した。 Overactive bladder was diagnosed using the Japan Society for Urological Function Overactive Bladder Medical Practice Guidelines, and the progress was observed with the Overactive Bladder Symptom Questionnaire (OABSS). If there is a sense of urinary urgency and overactive bladder is 3 or more nighttime urinations, and the frequency of nocturia is less than 1 time due to the administration of mixed Chinese herbal medicines of Houren Deto and Tokeikei-anto Valid. The evaluation of the therapeutic effect of constipation was effective when the bowel movement was smoothly performed after the treatment and the bowel movement was performed once or twice a day or less. Diagnosis of chronic kidney disease is based on the Japanese kidney disease society chronic kidney disease diagnosis standard which KIDO CKD guideline 2012 was reorganized for Japanese, and progress is expressed by eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), and normal value of eGFR is 60 ml / min / 1.73 m 2 or more. Cases whose progress was observed before the establishment of diagnostic criteria in each disease were expressed by applying the established diagnostic criteria to each case.

用いた薬剤は、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬であり、有効性は、投与前後、およびcontrol群と比較して行った。対象49例の観察期間は810.0±126.0日(56日〜4883日)であり、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群の観察期間は731.2±875.3日であった。Control群においては、観察開始から観察終了までの1152±883.4日間(318日〜2905日)で評価した。統計処理は、mean±SDもしくはmean±SE 、T-test、Chi square testを用いた。   The drug used was a mixed Chinese herbal medicine of Houren detoxin and keikeienkanto, and the efficacy was performed before and after administration and compared with the control group. The observation period of 49 subjects was 810.0 ± 126.0 days (56 days to 4883 days), and the observation period of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administration group of Hou Ren Deto and Tokei Katsuragi was 731.2 ± 875.3 days. In the Control group, the evaluation was performed in 1152 ± 883.4 days (from 318 days to 2905 days) from the start of observation to the end of observation. Statistical processing used mean ± SD or mean ± SE, T-test, Chi square test.

3.結果:
Control群(n=9)の観察開始時の年齢は83.56±5.25才、HDS-Rは20.67±6.52、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群(n=40)開始時の年齢は81.5±8.02才、HDS-Rは19.95±5.94であり、両群間の年齢および、HDS-Rに有意な差はなかった。また、両群の観察期間に有意な差はなかった。Control群(n=9)において1152±883.4日間の観察期間でHDS-Rは、観察開始時20.67±6.52であり、観察終了時14.56±7.73と有意に(P<0.01)低下していた(図1)。黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群(n=40)においては、810.0±126.0日の観察期間においてのHDS-Rは、投与開始時19.95±5.94であり、観察終了時24.30±5.19であり有意に(p<0.001)認知機能が回復していた(図2)。認知機能の回復は、97.5%(39/40)の症例に認められた。観察および治療開始時のHDS-Rは、control群と黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群の間に有意な差はなかった(図3)が、観察終了時においてControl群のHDS-Rに比し黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群のHDS-Rは有意に高くなっていた(p<0.001)(図4)。混合漢方薬投与群において便秘症、過活動膀胱、慢性腎臓病のいずれも合併していない3例も認知機能が改善した。つまり、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与により有意に認知機能の回復が得られた。
3. result:
Age at the start of observation in the Control group (n = 9) was 83.56 ± 5.25 years old, HDS-R was 20.67 ± 6.52, age at the start of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine group (n = 40) Was 81.5 ± 8.02 years old, and HDS-R was 19.95 ± 5.94. There was no significant difference in age and HDS-R between the two groups. There was no significant difference in the observation period between the two groups. In the control group (n = 9), HDS-R was 20.67 ± 6.52 at the start of observation and significantly decreased (P <0.01) to 14.56 ± 7.73 at the end of observation in the observation period of 1152 ± 883.4 days (Fig. 1). In the Chinese herbal medicine administration group (n = 40) of Houren detoxin and keikeienkanto, HDS-R in the observation period of 810.0 ± 126.0 days was 19.95 ± 5.94 at the start of administration, and 24.30 ± at the end of observation. The cognitive function was significantly restored (p <0.001) (Fig. 2). Cognitive recovery was observed in 97.5% (39/40) of cases. HDS-R at the start of observation and treatment was not significantly different between the control group and the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administration group of Hokuren detoxin and keikei kanto (Fig. 3). Compared with HDS-R, HDS-R was significantly higher in the mixed Chinese medicine administration group of Hokuren Detox and Tokeikei-kanto (p <0.001) (Fig. 4). Cognitive function was also improved in 3 patients who did not have constipation, overactive bladder, or chronic kidney disease in the mixed Chinese medicine group. In other words, the recovery of cognitive function was significantly achieved by the administration of a mixed Chinese medicine of Houren Deto-to and Sakaikeikanto.

便秘症は、control群(n=9)における合併は5例55.6%であったが観察期間前後で軽快したものはなかった。黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群(n=40)において29例72.5%が便秘症であり、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与により29例中24例82.8%(アルツハイマー型認知症12例中10例、軽度認知障害17例中14例)が軽快し、control群に比し黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与により有意に便秘症が軽快した(p<0.01)。   Constipation was 55.6% in 5 cases in the control group (n = 9), but there was no improvement before and after the observation period. 72.5% of 29 cases were constipated in the mixed Chinese herbal medicine group (n = 40) of Hou Ren Deto and Tokei Katsura Ayu. % (10 out of 12 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia, 14 out of 17 cases of mild cognitive impairment) improved, and constipation was significantly relieved by the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administration of Korento and Kankeikanto (P <0.01).

過活動膀胱は、control群(n=9)における合併は3例33.3%であったが観察期間前後で軽快したものはなかった。黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群(n=40)において33例82.5%が過活動膀胱であったが、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与にて33例中25例79.3%(アルツハイマー型認知症15例中14例、軽度認知障害18例中11例)が軽快し、control群に比し黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与により有意に過活動膀胱が軽快した(p<0.05)。   As for the overactive bladder, the combination in the control group (n = 9) was 33.3% in 3 cases, but there was no improvement in the period before and after the observation period. In the mixed Chinese herbal medicine treatment group (n = 40) of Huangren Detoxin and Sakai Katsuri Ayu, 33 cases 82.5% were overactive bladder, but 33 in the case of the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administration 79 of 3 cases (14 out of 15 cases of Alzheimer-type dementia, 11 out of 18 cases of mild cognitive impairment) were relieved and were significantly more treated with the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administered with Houren Deto-to and Sakaikeikanto compared with the control group. Overactive bladder improved (p <0.05).

慢性腎臓病は、control群(n=8)におけるeGFRは観察開始時62.93±16.53であり、観察終了時52.52±14.00と有意(p<0.01)に低下していたが、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与群(n=40)においては、投与開始時62.20±19.08であり観察終了時62.00±17.59で有意差はなくeGFRの低下はなかった。また、control群においては、観察開始時慢性腎臓病は0例であったが、観察終了時には50.0%(4/8)が慢性腎臓病に陥っていた。混合漢方薬投与群においては、黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与開始時に50%(20/40)の患者が慢性腎臓病であったが、混合漢方薬投与後には、eGFRの有意な低下はなかった(46.71±2.18 vs 48.51±2.02)(mean±SE)。さらに、20例中13例65.0%が黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬投与により投与開始時に比しeGFRが増加していた。   For chronic kidney disease, the eGFR in the control group (n = 8) was 62.93 ± 16.53 at the start of observation and decreased significantly (p <0.01) to 52.52 ± 14.00 at the end of observation. In the mixed Chinese herbal medicine administration group (n = 40) of Tsukuyame, there was no significant difference in eGFR at 62.20 ± 19.08 at the start of administration and 62.00 ± 17.59 at the end of observation. In the control group, there were 0 cases of chronic kidney disease at the start of observation, but 50.0% (4/8) had chronic kidney disease at the end of observation. In the mixed Chinese herbal medicine group, 50% (20/40) of patients with chronic kidney disease at the start of the mixed Chinese medicine treatment with Houren Deto-to and Sakai Keitoto had significant eGFR. There was no decrease (46.71 ± 2.18 vs 48.51 ± 2.02) (mean ± SE). Furthermore, 13 out of 20 cases, eGFR increased in 65.0% compared to at the start of administration by administration of mixed Chinese herbal medicines with Hou Ren Deto-to and Sakai Keito.

4.結論:
黄連解毒湯と苓桂朮甘湯の混合漢方薬は、アルツハイマー型認知症、または軽度認知症における認知機能を改善するとともに、それらに高率に合併する便秘症、過活動膀胱、そして慢性腎臓病を軽快させ、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知症における便秘症、過活動膀胱、そして慢性腎臓病のどの様な組み合わせの多疾病罹患であっても治療できることを特徴とする薬剤である。
4). Conclusion:
Huangren detoxification and 苓 桂 朮 甘 湯 mixed Chinese medicine improves cognitive function in Alzheimer-type dementia or mild dementia, and constipation, overactive bladder, and chronic kidney disease that are associated with them at a high rate. It is a drug that is ameliorated and capable of treating any combination of illnesses such as constipation in Alzheimer-type or mild dementia, overactive bladder, and chronic kidney disease.

本発明の黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む組成物を用いることにより、アルツハイマー型認知症または軽度認知障害とそれらに合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病からなる群の少なくとも1つの疾患を一剤で治療することができる。   By using a composition comprising the combination of Huangren detoxin and keikeienkanto as an active ingredient of the present invention, Alzheimer type dementia or mild cognitive impairment and overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease associated therewith At least one disease of the group consisting of can be treated with one agent.

Claims (2)

黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む、アルツハイマー型認知症の認知機能を改善するとともに、アルツハイマー型認知症に高率に合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病のうちの慢性腎臓病を含む2種類以上の疾患を一剤で軽快させ治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する漢方薬。   Overactive bladder, constipation and chronic kidney disease with a high rate of Alzheimer-type dementia, which improves the cognitive function of Alzheimer-type dementia, including a combination of Houren detoxin and keikei-kankanto Chinese medicine that treats two or more diseases, including chronic kidney disease, by treating and treating multiple diseases with a single agent. 黄連解毒湯および苓桂朮甘湯の合剤を有効成分として含む、軽度認知障害の認知機能を改善するとともに、軽度認知障害に高率に合併する過活動膀胱、便秘症および慢性腎臓病のうちの慢性腎臓病を含む2種類以上の疾患を一剤で軽快させ治療する、多疾病罹患を一剤で治療する漢方薬。   Among the overactive bladder, constipation, and chronic kidney disease that improve the cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment, and contain the combination of Houren detoxin and keikei kanshiyu as active ingredients A traditional Chinese medicine that treats multiple diseases, including chronic kidney disease, by treating and treating multiple diseases.
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